lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Mossi
Transcription: à Músá mókà à Ríhnátà lá=à lóógè .
Glosses: 3SG.I M . kiss-AFF 3SG.I R . and=3SG.I leave-CFV
Translation: Musai kissed Rihnataj and hei/*shej left.' or `Musai kissed Rihnataj and hek/shek left.
Language: Mossi
Transcription: à Músá mókà à Ríhnátà t=à lóógè .
Glosses: 3SG.I M . kiss-AFF 3SG.I R . COMPL=3SG.I leave-CFV
Translation: Musai kissed Rihnataj and *hei/shej left' or `Musai kissed Rihnataj and hek/shek left.
Language: Mossi
Transcription: à Músá wínígà à Ouérmí bíígã̀ t=à lóógè .
Glosses: 3SG.I M . show-AFF 3SG.I O . child-CL12.IDN COMPL=3SG.I leave-CFV
Translation: Musai showed the childj to Ouermiy and *hei/hejk left.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: à Músá hə̃̀ wíníg à Ouérmí bíígã̀ à lóógàmɛ̀.
Glosses: 3SG.I M . SUBRD show 3SG.I O . child-CL12.IDN 3SG.I leave-AFF-PHB
Translation: When/since Musai showed the childj to Ouermiy heijk left.
Language: Mossi
Transcription: à Ouérmí nɛ́ Músá wínígà tááb báágã̀.
Glosses: 3SG.I O . with M . show-AFF each.other dog-CL12.IDN
Translation: [Musa and Ouermi]i showed the dog to each otheri.
Language: Mossi
Transcription: à Ouérmí nɛ́ Músá wínígà tááb à Alí .
Glosses: 3SG.I O . with M . show-AFF each.other 3SG.I A . 
Translation: [Musa and Ouermi]i showed each otheri to Ali.
Language: Mossi
Transcription: págã̀ kɔ̃́ɔ̃̀ à mɛ́ng mángrè .
Glosses: woman-CL1.IDN give-AFF 3SG.I self mango-CL5
Translation: The woman gave a mango to herself.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: págã̀ kɔ̃́ɔ̃̀ à mɛ́ng rà͜òá .
Glosses: woman-CL1.IDN give-AFF 3SG.I self man-CL1
Translation: The woman gave herself to the man.
Language: Mossi
Transcription: bwẽ̀ lá Músá kɔ̃́ kámbà ?
Glosses: thing which M . give children-CL1
Translation: What did Musa give to the children?
Language: Mossi
Transcription: án lá Músá kɔ̃́ pééndã̀?
Glosses: person which M . give scarf-CL5.IDN
Translation: To whom did Musa give the scarf?
Language: Buli
Transcription: à=gē nípòkbílsaŋá bà=jɛwá mɛ:
Glosses: &=CNJ woman-small.type-NC13-DEF6 NC2=two-DEF1 also-Q
Translation: And what about the two girls?
Language: Buli
Transcription: nípòkbílsaŋá bà=jɛwá à=pà ká flowers
Glosses: woman-small.type-NC13-DEF6 NC2=two-DEF1 &=take KA flowers
Translation: The two girls picked up flowers.
Language: Buli
Transcription: ɔ̀=ŋɔ̀b ká mùmaŋá
Glosses: NC1=eat KA rice-NC6-DEF6
Translation: She ate the rice.
Language: Buli
Transcription: dʒāamú wɔ̄ŋa kámā pāa
Glosses: thing-DEF14 be.long KA-CONF much
Translation: This story is really long!
Language: Buli
Transcription: míikádɛ́ ká míwɔ̀ŋ
Glosses: rope-DEF12-PROX KA rope-long.NC12
Translation: This rope is long.
Language: Buli
Transcription: nípōkmá méena ká wà=léeba
Glosses: woman-DEF2 all KA NC1=daughter-NC2
Translation: All the women are his daughters.
Language: Buli
Transcription: Ká míwɔŋ .
Glosses: KA rope-long.NC12
Translation: It [a rope] is long.’ [den noff4: 10]
Language: Buli
Transcription: nídɔawá tè nípōkwá nàg
Glosses: man-DEF1 CNJ woman-DEF1 hit
Translation: The man, he was hit by a woman.’ (lit. ‘The man, the woman hit him.’)
Language: Buli
Transcription: síri lē dòmwā
Glosses: bee.NC5 CON bite-NC1
Translation: A bee stung her.’ (Reply to: ‘What happened?’)
Language: Buli
Transcription: bīak lēá vī bíik nídɔ̀abíli
Glosses: dog.NC12 CON-IPF follow child.NC12 man-small.type.NC5
Translation: A dog is chasing a child – a boy.’ (Reply to: ‘What is going on?’)
Language: Buli
Transcription: gbáŋ à=lē dɔ̀a tébùlkú zúk
Glosses: book.NC12 &=CON lie table-DEF15 top.NC15
Translation: There is a book on the table.
Language: Buli
Transcription: ǹwálá júe lē A .
Glosses: DEM-NC1-DET name.NC6 CON A . 
Translation: The other one’s name is Akanchiem-anyami.
Language: Buli
Transcription: nàawá lē ǹlá
Glosses: chief-DEF1 CON DEM-DET
Translation: This is the chief.
Language: Buli
Transcription: m̀=bísaŋá wà=ɲī à=lē ǹlá
Glosses: 1S=child-NC12-DEF6 NC1=one &=CON DEM-DET
Translation: This is one of my children.
Language: Buli
Transcription: núr nè wà=dɔ̄a à=lē dʒàm bōrɔ́
Glosses: person.NC1 with NC1=friend.NC1 &=CON PAST exist-LOC
Translation: there was a man and his friend.
Language: Buli
Transcription: m̀=bíik lēá jūag
Glosses: 1S=child.NC12 CON-IPF become.sick
Translation: My child got sick (and still is).
Language: Buli
Transcription: māgsi fi=lēá ɲā dīi lá
Glosses: describe 2S=CON-IPF see IND5 DET
Translation: Describe what you see!
Language: Buli
Transcription: wà=lē mìi mí=lá mí jàa kàliá kūm
Glosses: NC1=CON cane 1S.D=DET 1S.D TENSE sit-IPF cry
Translation: He caned me/when he had caned me, and I was then sitting crying …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: dīi=lá àlē ǹlá
Glosses: IND5=DET &-CON DEM-DET
Translation: This is how our fiok festival is celebrated in Buluk.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: à=ɲɛ̄ dīi=lá à=lē ǹlá
Glosses: &=do IND5=DET &=CON DEM-DET
Translation: This is how I want my future career to be.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Amma_i na *Ø_i/ɔ_ih'uu Kofi .
Glosses: A . FOC 3SG.NOM.ANIM-see-PST K . 
Translation: AMA [and not, say, John] saw Kofi.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Kofi_i na Amma h'uu *Ø_i/n'o_i n'o .
Glosses: K . FOC A . see-PST 3SG.ACC.ANIM CD
Translation: Ama saw KOFI [and not, say, John].
Language: Akan
Transcription: Amma_i na ε_ih'uu Kofi .
Glosses: A . FOC 3.NOM.-see-PST K . 
Translation: AMA [and not, say, John] saw Kofi.
Language: Ancient Hebrew
Transcription: 1 .5ɔbáá_i áa *Ø_i/ɔ_iwár'ee Kofi nó fi Aburi .
Glosses: woman REL 3SG.NOM-marry-PST K . CD be.from A . 
Translation: The woman who married Kofi is from Aburi.
Language: Ancient Hebrew
Transcription: [ Kŕataá nó ]_i áa *Ø_i/ε_idá pónó nó só nó y'ε fε .
Glosses: _ paper DEF _ REL 3SG.NOM.INANIM-lie table DEF top CD be nice
Translation: The paper that is on the table is nice.
Language: Kobi
Transcription: *kaniti et hasulxan_i še hu xana amra še dalya ta'ana še Ø_i ya'ale harbe kesef .
Glosses: (I).bought ACC the-table that he Hannah said that Dalya claimed that _ will.cost a.lot money
Translation: I bought the table that Hannah said that Dalya claimed that will cost a lot of money.
Language: Baa
Transcription: Mehuu ɔbáá_i áa Kofi wáree nó_i/*Ø_i nó .
Glosses: 1SG-see woman REL K . marry-PST 3SG.ACC CD
Translation: I saw the woman whom Kofi married.
Language: Baa
Transcription: [ Kŕataá nó ]_i áa Kofi húui *nó_i/Ø_i nó da pónó nó só .
Glosses: _ paper DEF _ REL K . see-PST 3SG.ACC CD lie table DEF top
Translation: The paper that Kofi saw is on the table.
Language: Baa
Transcription: [ Kŕataá nó ] áa Kofi t'ee nó_i/*Ø_i nó da pónó nó só .
Glosses: _ paper DEF _ REL K . tear-PST 3SG.ACC CD lie table DEF top
Translation: The paper that Kofi tore is on the table.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Mehuu [NP ɔbáá_i áa Ama pέ [CP sε_ óbíárá té [CP sε_ Kofi áká [CP sε ɔbέwaré nó_i nó]]]].
Glosses: 1SG-see-PST _ woman REL A . like _ COMP everybody hear _ COMP K . PERF-say _ COMP 3SG.NOM-FUT-marry 3SG.ACC CD
Translation: I saw the woman whom Ama wants everybody to hear that Kofi has said he will marry.' (lit: `I saw the woman whom Ama wants everybody to hear that Kofi has said that he will marry her.')
Language: Irish
Transcription: Menim baabi aa Sikan'i n'o f'i .
Glosses: 1SG-know where REL rich.man DEF come.from
Translation: I know where the rich man comes from.
Language: Irish
Transcription: Sikan'i_i 'aa men'im baabi aa ɔ_if'i n'o 'ada .
Glosses: rich.man REL 1SG-know where REL 3SG.NOM-come.from CD PERF-sleep
Translation: The rich man who I know where he comes from is asleep.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: 1 .5ɔbáá_i áa ε_iwár'ee Kofi nó fi A .
Glosses: woman REL DFLT-marry-PST K . CD from A . 
Translation: The woman who married Kofi is from Aburi.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ Nnípá dú nó ]_i áa ε_ihy'i'aέ nó maa hɔ́ sɔɔe .
Glosses: _ PL-person ten DEF _ REL DFLT-meet-PST CD cause-PST there light-PST . 
Translation: The ten people who met made the place exciting.
Language: Akan
Transcription: [ Kŕataá nó ]_i áa ε_iy'er'aaε n'o n'i'e .
Glosses: _ paper DEF _ REL DFLT/3.SG.INANIM-lost-PST CD this
Translation: This is the paper which got missing.
Language: Akan
Transcription: [ Nkŕataá nó ]_i áa ε_iy'er'aaε n'o n'i'e .
Glosses: _ PL-paper DEF _ REL DFLT/3.PL.INANIM-lost-PST CD this
Translation: These are the papers which got missing.
Language: Akan
Transcription: [ 1 .5ɔbáá yí ]_i na ɔ_i/ε_ib'εwár'e Kofi .
Glosses: _ woman DEM _ FOC 3SG.ANIM.NOM/DFLT-FUT-marry K . 
Translation: This woman (as opposed to some other woman) will marry Kofi.
Language: Akan
Transcription: [ Nnípá dú pέ ]_i na wɔ_i/ε_ihy'i'a'ε .
Glosses: _ people ten only _ FOC 3PL.ANIM.NOM/DFLT-meet-PST
Translation: Only ten people (as opposed to more people) met.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Hwán_i na ɔ_i/ε_iwár'ee Kofi ?
Glosses: Who FOC 3SG.ANIM.NOM/EXPL-marry-PST K . 
Translation: Who married Kofi?
Language: Akan
Transcription: Hwánmó_i na ?wɔ_i/ε_ihy'i'aε .
Glosses: Who-PL FOC 3PL.ANIM.NOM/DFLT-meet-PST
Translation: Who met?
Language: Fante
Transcription: [ Nyípá kór pέ ]_i na 'ɔ_ib'aí .
Glosses: _ person one only _ FOC 3SG-come-PST
Translation: Only one person (as opposed to more people) came.
Language: Fante
Transcription: [ Nnyípá dú pέ ]_i na w'ɔ_i/*'ɔ_ihy'iaí .
Glosses: _ PL-person ten only _ FOC 3PL/DFLT-meet-PST
Translation: Only ten people (as opposed to more people) met.
Language: Akan
Transcription: [ Nnípá dú nó ]_i 'aa men'im sε wɔ_i/*ε_ihy'i'aέ nó n'i'e .
Glosses: _ PL-person ten DEF _ REL 1SG-know that 3PL/DFLT-meet-PST CD DEM
Translation: These are the ten people who I know met.
Language: Akan
Transcription: 1 .5ɔbáá_i áa Kofi wár'ee nó_i/*ε_i nó fi Aburi .
Glosses: woman REL K . marry-PST 3SG.ACC/DFLT CD be.from A . 
Translation: The woman whom Kofi married is from Aburi.
Language: Akan
Transcription: [ Nkŕataá nó ]_i áa ε_idá pónó nó só nó y'ε fε .
Glosses: _ PL-paper DEF _ REL 3PL.NOM.INAN-lie table DEF top CD be nice
Translation: The papers that are on the table are nice.
Language: Yaa
Transcription: [Amma_i (ne Yaa)]_i na ε_iwár'ee Kofi .
Glosses: A . CONJ Y . FOC DFLT-marry-PST K . 
Translation: AMA (and YAA) married Kofi.
Language: Yaa
Transcription: —_i na ε_iwár'ee Kofi .
Glosses: _ FOC DFLT-marry-PST K . 
Translation: — married Kofi.
Language: Yaa
Transcription: 1 .5ɔno_i/W'ɔn_i/*w'o_i/*m'e_i na ε_iwár'ee Kofi .
Glosses: 3SG/PL/2SG/1SG FOC DFLT-marry-PST K . 
Translation: S/HE/THEY married Kofi.
Language: Akan
Transcription: 1 .5εwɔ sέ obíáá_i túmí kyérέ n_iádwén .
Glosses: EXPL-be that everyone able show 3SG.POSS-mind
Translation: It ought to be the case that everybody is able to express their opinion.
Language: Fante
Transcription: Íyí bɛ́mà kóŕyɛ́ àbà hóḿ ńtámú .
Glosses: this FUT-make one-be CONS-come 2PL.POSS middle
Translation: This will bring unity among you.
Language: Fante
Transcription: Dàákyé yèbényá bì áká ákyèrɛ́ àfófóró .
Glosses: future 1PL.SUBJ-FUT-get some CONS-say CONS-show PL-new
Translation: In future we will have something to tell others.' (; Ak)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Né ǹsèẁnóḿ bèènú nyìná yɛ́ɛ̀ èdzìbàń .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS PL-in.law-COL two all make-COMPL food
Translation: Each of his two in-laws cooked.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Né ǹsèẁnóḿ bèènú nyìná àǹyɛ́ èdzìbàń .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS PL-in.law-COL two all COMPL-NEG-make food
Translation: His two in-laws did not cook.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Bànyíń nó átɔ̀ àsàásé .
Glosses: man DEF PERF-buy land
Translation: The man has bought a piece of land.
Language: Akan
Transcription: M̀bòfrá nó ábà fíé .
Glosses: PL-child DEF PERF-come home
Translation: The children have come home.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Mààmé nó rèhwèhwɛ́ né bá nó .
Glosses: woman DEF PROG-REDU-look 3SG.POSS child DEF
Translation: The woman is looking for her child.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Àbòfrá nó rùtùtú ǹwúrá nó .
Glosses: child DEF PROG-REDU-uproot PL-weed DEF
Translation: The child is removing the weeds.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Akosua tɔ̀ǹ ǹdzɛ́ḿbá wɔ̀ gúámú .
Glosses: Akosua sell;HAB things in market-in
Translation: Akosua sells in the market.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Bànyíń nó bɛ́sáẃ àkyèrɛ́ dɔ́ḿ nó .
Glosses: man DEF FUT-dance CONS-show crowd DEF
Translation: The man will dance for the crowd.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Kofi rènáńtsèẁ àkɔ̀ skúùl .
Glosses: Kofi PROG-walk CONS-go school
Translation: Kofi is walking to school.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ama bɔ̀sɔ́ɔ̀ gyá wɔ̀ dáń nó ékyìr̀.
Glosses: Ama come-light-COMPL fire at building DEF back
Translation: Ama came and lit a fire behind the building.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Esi kɛ̀fáà èkùtú nó báà fíé .
Glosses: Esi go-take-COMPL orange DEF come-COMPL home
Translation: Esi went and brought the oranges home.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ɔ̀màǹpànyíń rèbɔ́sɔ́ŕ .
Glosses: president PROG-come-stand
Translation: The president is about to rise.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Hyɛ́ń nó rèbégyíná .
Glosses: vehicle DEF PROG-come-stop
Translation: The vehicle is about to stop.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Yɛ́ńkɔ́.
Glosses: 1PL-OPT-go
Translation: Let's go.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Mìǹnyím̀ èdwúmá â ɔ́yɛ́.
Glosses: 1SG.SUBJ-NEG-know work REL 3SG.SUBJ-do
Translation: I don't know what work she does.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Mààmé nó àǹká àsɛ́ḿ nó àǹkyèrɛ́ né ḿbá nó .
Glosses: woman DEF COMPL-NEG-say matter DEF COMPL-NEG-show 3SG.POSS PL-child DEF
Translation: The woman didn't tell her children about the case.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Áféí ǹnàm̀fò yí kyìǹkyíńń àdɔ́fó kàkrá â wóníḿ wɔ́ń nó sò krákràà wɔ̀ǹ .
Glosses: now PL-friend these REDU-roam-COMPL PL-lover few REL 3PL.SUBJ-know 3PL.OBJ DCM on REDU-bid.farewell-COMPL 3PL.OBJ
Translation: Now these two friends visited some of their friends to bid them farewell.' (; Ak)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Né nà nà négyà éwúwú .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS mother and 3SG.POSS-father PERF-REDU-die
Translation: Both his mother and father are dead.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Akosua kyèè àkókɔ́ nó .
Glosses: Akosua catch-COMPL chicken DEF
Translation: Akosua caught the chicken.' (As)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Òkùàfó nó ádáádàà ɔ̀bɔ̀fó nó .
Glosses: SG-farm-IDM DEF PERF-REDU-deceive SG-hit-IDM DEF
Translation: The farmer has deceived the hunter.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Òwíàà náḿ nó .
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ-steal-COMPL fish DEF
Translation: He stole the fish.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Òwíàà nò ńdédà .
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ-steal-COMPL 3SG.OBJ yesterday
Translation: He stole it yesterday.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Mààmé nó síì dáń ḿfédà .
Glosses: woman DEF build-COMPL house last.year
Translation: The woman built a house last year.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Èdzìbàń nó ábèǹ .
Glosses: food DEF PERF-be.cooked
Translation: The food is cooked.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ɔ̀sɔ́fó nó wúù ńdédà .
Glosses: SG-pray-IDM DEF die-COMPL yesterday
Translation: The priest died yesterday.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Mààmé nó máà m̀bòfrá nó èdzìbáń .
Glosses: woman DEF give-COMPL PL-child DEF food
Translation: The woman gave the children food.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Pàpá nó kyɛ́ɛ̀ hɔ̀ǹ sìká .
Glosses: man DEF gift-COMPL 3PL.OBJ money
Translation: The man gave them money.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Yaakwa nábákáń gyínàè yɛ́ɛ̀ kyèámé bɔ́ɔ̀ fíé àmàǹdzɛ̀ɛ́ kyérɛ̀ɛ̀ àhɔ́hó nó .
Glosses: Yaakwa 3SG.POSS-first.born stand-COMPL be-COMPL spokesperson tell-COMPL home news show-COMPL PL-visitor DEF
Translation: Yaakwa's eldest son stood as the spokesperson and briefed the visitors.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Wɔ̀twéè nó gyìnáà ǹkyɛ́ń .
Glosses: 3PL.SUBJ-pull-COMPL DEF stand-COMPL aside
Translation: They pulled him aside.' (; Ak)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Mààmé nó àǹtɔ́ èdzìbàń àm̀má né ḿbá nó .
Glosses: woman DEF COMPL-NEG-buy food COMPL-NEG-give 3.SG.POSS PL-child DEF
Translation: The woman did not buy food for her children.
Language: Fante
Transcription: Wɔ̀dè àsɛ́ḿ nó kɔ́ɔ̀ àhèm̀fíé .
Glosses: 3PL.SUBJ-take matter DEF go-COMPL palace
Translation: They took the case to the palace.' (Ak)
Language: Fante
Transcription: Ɔ̀dzè náhòɔ̀dzéń nyìná yɛ́ɛ̀ èdwúmá nyáà sìká .
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ-take 3SG.POSS-strength all do-COMPL work get-COMPL money
Translation: She worked very hard and made money.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Àǹkàá nó áprɔ́.
Glosses: oranges DEF PERF-rot
Translation: The oranges are rotten.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ɔ̀bɔ̀fóɔ́ nó kúù ɔ̀sónó .
Glosses: SG-hit-IDM DEF kill-COMPL elephant
Translation: The hunter killed an elephant.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Abam síèè né mààmé .
Glosses: Abam bury-COMPL 3SG.POSS mother
Translation: Abam buried his mother.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ńtsí ɔ̀máà nò àhɛ́ń èbìásá .
Glosses: so 3SG.SUBJ-give-COMPL 3SG.OBJ PL-boat three
Translation: So she gave him three boats.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Esi kyɛ́ɛ̀ pàpá nó sìká .
Glosses: Esi gift-COMPL man DEF money
Translation: Esi gave the man money.
Language: Yaw
Transcription: Kofi ékù Yaw .
Glosses: Kofi PERF-kill Yaw
Translation: Kofi has killed Yaw.
Language: Yaw
Transcription: Kofi ékù nó hó .
Glosses: Kofi PERF-kill 3SG.POSS self
Translation: Kofi has killed himself.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Aba twùtwúẁẁ Ekua nó hó .
Glosses: Aba wash.wash-COMPL Ekua 3SG.POSS self
Translation: Aba washed Ekua.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Aba twùtwúẁẁ nó hó .
Glosses: Aba wash.wash-COMPL 3SG.POSS self
Translation: Aba washed someone/herself.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Efua séràà Kwesi nó hó .
Glosses: Efua smear-COMPL Kwesi 3SG.POSS self
Translation: Efua used lotion on Kwesi.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Efua séràà nó hó .
Glosses: Efua smear-COMPL 3SG.POSS self
Translation: Efua used lotion on someone/herself.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Efua séràè .
Glosses: Efua smear-COMPL
Translation: Efua used lotion (on herself).
Language: Akan
Transcription: Hwɛ́, émí nà wóégyà yèhúńǹ hɛ́ń hó béŕ â mídzíì m̀fé èdùònú ànáń nó .
Glosses: look 1SG.EMPH and 2SG.POSS-father 1PL.SUBJ-see-COMPL 1PL.POSS self time REL 1SG.SUBJ-eat-COMPL PL-year twenty four DCM
Translation: Your father and I got to know each other when I was twenty-four years.
Language: Akan
Transcription: M̀bèráńtsé nà ǹkàtàásíá nó nyé Araba Akɔm hámèè yèyáẁẁ hɔ̀ń hó mà ɔ̀yɛ́ɛ̀ àsɛ́ḿ wɔ̀ skúùl .
Glosses: PL-man and PL-woman DEF accompany Araba Akɔm quarrel-COMPL REDU-insult-COMPL 3PL.POSS self that 3SG.SUBJ-make-COMPL issue in school
Translation: The young men and young women quarreled with Araba Akɔm and insulted each other such that it became an issue in the school.
Language: Fante
Transcription: nà wɔ̀bòbɔ́ɔ̀ ǹkùràbá nó â ɔ́dzédzè hɔ́ń ńsámú nó .
Glosses: and 3PL.SUBJ-REDU-break-COMPL PL-jar DEF REL 3PL.SUBJ-REDU-hold 3PL.POSS hand-in DCM
Translation: … and they broke the jars that were in their hands.' (Judges 7:19 Fante Bible; )
Language: Fante
Transcription: ǹkùràbá nó â ɔ́dzédzè hɔ́ń ńsámú nó bòbɔ́è .
Glosses: PL-jar DEF REL 3PL.SUBJ-REDU-hold 3PL.POSS hand DCM REDU-break-COMPL
Translation: … and the jars in their hands broke.
Language: Fante
Transcription: nà Moses hyéẁẁ tsíŕ nó .
Glosses: and Moses burn-COMPL head DEF
Translation: … and Moses burned the head.' (Leviticus 8:20 Fante Bible; )
Language: Fante
Transcription: nà tsíŕ nó hyéẁèè .
Glosses: and head DEF burn-COMPL
Translation: . . . and the head burned.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Wɔ̀ákyèr̀ èwìfó nó .
Glosses: 3PL.SUBJ-PERF-catch thief-PL DEF
Translation: They have arrested the thieves.'/`The thieves have been arrested.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Wɔ̀átò ésíkyìré nó bó mú .
Glosses: 3PL.SUBJ-PERF-raise sugar 3SG.POSS price in
Translation: They have increased the price of sugar.'/`The price of sugar has been increased.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Wɔ̀bɔ́ɔ̀ Nò m̀bèàmúdúá mù , Òwúì , wòsíéè Nò .
Glosses: 3PL.SUBJ-hit-COMPL 3SG.OBJ cross in 3SG.SUBJ-die 3PL.SUBJ-bury-COMPL 3SG.OBJ
Translation: He was crucified, dead and buried.' (Source: Christian Asɔr Ndwom; )
Language: Akan
Transcription: Bànyíń nó ábòẁ ǹsá .
Glosses: man DEF PERF-be.drunk alcohol
Translation: The man is drunk (with alcohol).
Language: Akan
Transcription: Bànyíń nó ábòẁ .
Glosses: man DEF PERF-be.drunk
Translation: The man is drunk.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Àpɔ̀ǹkyé nó ádɔ̀rè sèràdéɛ́.
Glosses: goat DEF PERF-be.fatty fat
Translation: The goat is fatty.' (Lit. `The goat is fatty with fat.') (As)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Àpɔ̀ǹkyé nó ádɔ́ré .
Glosses: goat DEF PERF-be.fatty
Translation: The goat is fatty.' (As)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Araba séràà ǹkú .
Glosses: Araba smear-COMPL shea.butter
Translation: Araba applied shea butter on her body.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Araba séràè .
Glosses: Araba smear-COMPL
Translation: Araba applied (some substance) to her body.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Araba séràà àbòfrá nó ǹkú .
Glosses: Araba smear-COMPL child DEF shea.butter
Translation: Araba applied shea butter on the child.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Araba séràà àbòfrá nó .
Glosses: Araba smear-COMPL child DEF
Translation: Araba applied (some substance) on the child.
Language: Fante
Transcription: Nà òbùbúù hɔ́ń m̀pòkyèrɛ́ mù èsìǹésíń .
Glosses: and 3SG.SUBJ-REDU-break-COMPL 3PL.POSS chains in REDU-piece
Translation: … and he broke their chains in pieces.' (Fante Bible Psalm 107:14; )
Language: Fante
Transcription: Hɔ́ń m̀pòkyèrɛ́ mù bùbúù èsìǹésíń .
Glosses: 3PL.POSS chains in REDU-break-COMPL REDU-piece
Translation: Their chains broke into pieces.
Language: Fante
Transcription: Kofi ákyéá àbàá nó .
Glosses: Kofi PERF-bend stick DEF
Translation: Kofi has bent the stick.
Language: Fante
Transcription: Àbàá nó ákyéá .
Glosses: stick DEF PERF-bend
Translation: The stick is bent.
Language: Fante
Transcription: Nà ɔ̀dzè m̀pòmá nó hyèhyɛ́ɛ̀ àdáká nó hó .
Glosses: and 3SG.SUBJ-take PL-pole DEF REDU-put-COMPL box 3SG.POSS self
Translation: And he took the poles and put them on the ark.'/`And he put the poles on the ark.' (Fante Bible, Exodus 40: 20; )
Language: Fante
Transcription: M̀pòmá nó hyèhyɛ̀ àdáká nó hó .
Glosses: PL-pole DEF REDU-CONT box 3SG.POSS self
Translation: The poles are on the ark.
Language: Fante
Transcription: Wɔ̀dè wɔ̀ń ákyɛ́ḿ sèǹsɛ́nè wàfásúó hó hyìá .
Glosses: 3PL.SUBJ-take 3PL.POSS PL-shield REDU-hang/HAB 3SG.POSS-PL-wall self meet/HAB
Translation: They hang their shields around your walls.' (Asante Bible, Ezekiel 27: 11; )
Language: Fante
Transcription: Wɔ̀ń ákyɛ́ḿ sèǹsɛ́nè wàfásúó hó hyìá .
Glosses: 3PL.POSS PL-shield REDU-hang/HAB 3SG.POSS-PL-wall self meet/HAB
Translation: Their shields hang around your walls.' (As)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ato dzè kàǹdzéá nó síì póń nó dó .
Glosses: Ato take lantern DEF stand-COMPL table DEF on
Translation: Ato placed the lantern on the table.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ama dàà àwìá .
Glosses: Ama sleep-COMPL afternoon
Translation: Ama slept in the afternoon.' (As)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ama dèdáà àbòfrá nó àwìá .
Glosses: Ama REDU-sleep-COMPL child DEF afternoon
Translation: Ama put the child to sleep in the afternoon.' (As)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Kofi díì àdùáń nó .
Glosses: Kofi eat-COMPL food DEF
Translation: Kofi ate the food.' (Ak)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Kofi dìdíì .
Glosses: Kofi REDU-eat-COMPL
Language: Akan
Transcription: Kofi dìdíì àdùáń nó .
Glosses: Kofi REDU-eat-COMPL food DEF
Translation: Kofi ate the food.
Language: Akan
Transcription: Òbíárá dìdí nàdwúmá hó .
Glosses: everybody REDU-eat 3SG.POSS-work self
Translation: Everybody benefits from their work.' (Ak)
Language: Akan
Transcription: Ǹkrɔ̀fó nó dìdíì ɔ̀héń nó ásé .
Glosses: people DEF REDU-eat-COMPL chief DEF under
Translation: The people sabotaged the chief.' (Ak)
Language: Degema
Transcription: e=gbóm(*én)ón̄íné=ēn .
Glosses: 3PL=bite-(*FE)-RPS=FE
Translation: They bit each other.
Language: Degema
Transcription: Breno o=ḍúwíy mé mọ̄=tá .
Glosses: Breno 3SG.SET2=follow-ITER me 3SG.SET1=go
Translation: Breno goes with me all the time.
Language: Igbo
Transcription: ọ́ tụ́fùrù ákwụ́kwọ́.
Glosses: he throw-be.lost-TNS paper
Translation: He threw paper away.’ (Igbo; )
Language: Ewe
Transcription: Ma ɖa nu ɖu .
Glosses: I-FUT cook thing eat
Translation: I will cook something and eat it.
Language: Degema
Transcription: Ma aqǁhu ’o djo ki kx’u na .
Glosses: 1SG PROG-pour put.in water PARTICLE pot in
Translation: I am pouring water into the pot.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: /d͡ʒi/ [ad͡ʒiɾoɾaa]
Glosses: CL4 3SG-CL4.OBJ-see-PRS
Translation: He sees it.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: /d͡ʒib/ [ked͡ʒibaa]
Glosses: answer CL7-answer-PRS
Translation: It is answering.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: /d͡ʒirit͡ʃi/ [ed͡ʒiɾit͡ʃi]
Glosses: bull CL9-bull
Translation: bull
Language: Logooli
Transcription: /t͡ʃɛɛre/ [m̩t͡ʃɛɛɾe]
Glosses: rice CL3-rice
Translation: rice
Language: Kaonde
Transcription: nakayile
Glosses: 1SG-TNS-play-RP
Translation: I played.
Language: Kaonde
Transcription: watangile
Glosses: CL1-TNS-read-RP
Translation: He read.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Mugamba , arazja mʊ ɪskuru .
Glosses: 3-tomorrow 1-NF-go-FV LOC 9-school
Translation: Tomorrow, s/he will go to school.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Voosi varaɲora ɪtaʤi .
Glosses: 2-all 2-NF-find-FV 9-crown
Translation: All will find a crown (in heaven).’ (Funeral song, ln 5)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Mihanda ʤirava mirahɪ .
Glosses: 4-road 4-NF-be-FV 4-good
Translation: The roads will be good (in heaven).’ (Funeral song, ln 7)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Ziseendi zira , zirakukoɲa kʊ viindo vivjo vira .
Glosses: 10-money 10-DEM 10-NF-2SG-help-FV LOC 8-thing 8:RED-2SG.POSS 8-DEM
Translation: That money, it will help you with those things of yours.’ (B. E. cow care, ln 69)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Kaande , ɪrakuha za maveere .
Glosses: again 9-NF-2SG-give-FV LINK 6-milk
Translation: Again, it will give you milk.’ (B. E. cow care, ln 45)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ɪve ɪndahɪ , kɪgera ʊraguriza kʊ .
Glosses: 9-be-FV 9-good because 2SG-NF-sell-CAUS-FV LOC
Translation: It is good, because you will sell of it.’ (B. E. cow care, ln 80)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ʊtareta kʊ ɪŋombe ɪve ɪmbarava haaŋgo daave ,
Glosses: 2SG-NEG-bring-FV LOC 9-cow 9-be-FV 9-fierce 16-home not
Translation: Don’t bring home a cow that is fierce,
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ɪrakuretera ɪʃida .
Glosses: 9-NF-2SG-bring-APPLIC-FV 9-trouble
Translation: it will bring trouble for you.’ (B. E. cow care, ln 130)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ɪŋombe si ɪrakwema maveere daave .
Glosses: 9-cow NEG 9-NF-2SG-deny-FV 6-milk not
Translation: The cow will not deny you milk.’ (B. E. cow care, ln 32)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Varageriza kwiŋgira jo ,
Glosses: 2-NF-try-CAUS-FV 15-enter-FV 9.there
Translation: They will try to enter there,
Language: Logooli
Transcription: navuzwa si variɲara mba .
Glosses: but NEG 2-IF-be.able-FV NEG
Translation: but they will not be able to.’ (Funeral song, lns 11-12)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Si variɲora kʊ vihanwa .
Glosses: NEG 2-IF-find-FV LOC 8-gift
Translation: They will not find any presents.’ (Funeral song, ln 13)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Naavola , mundʊ urjataɲa karara ,
Glosses: CONSEC-1-say.APPLIC-FV 1-person 1-5-break-FV 12-one
Translation: And she said, the person who breaks it just a little,
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ndimuʃira wa gʊnani .
Glosses: 1SG-IF-1-take-FV 1.GEN 20-ogre
Translation: I will take her to the ogre.’ (Funeral song, lns 11-13)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Nakʊsjaje , nakʊsjaje Majki wetu mauwa .
Glosses: MF-1PL-award-FV MF-1PL-award-FV Mike 1-1PL.POSS 6-flower
Translation: We will award, we will award our Mike flowers.’ (Praise song, ln 1)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Vaaʤiba varamara .
Glosses: 2-RP-reply-FV 2-NF-finish-FV
Translation: They replied (that) they will finish.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Jaavaha nɪviituŋga nɪvaamara .
Glosses: 1-RP-2-give-FV CONSEC-2-RP-?knit-FV CONSEC-2-RP-finish-FV
Translation: She gave (the wings) to them and they knitted (them) and finished.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Jaavavorera mwituŋgaŋgi amavaha gaaŋge
Glosses: 1-RP-2-say-APPLIC-FV 2PL-knit-PROGR-PERF AUG-6-wing 6-1SG.POSS
Translation: She told them, (since) you have knitted my wings,
Language: Logooli
Transcription: namumbe kɪ ?
Glosses: MF-2PL-1SG-give-FV what
Translation: what will you give me?
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Vaavʊgʊra ɪmburi nɪvaamuha naazja .
Glosses: 2-RP-take-FV 9-goat CONSEC-2-RP-1-give-FV CONSEC-1-RP-go-FV
Translation: They took a goat and gave (it) to her and she went.’ (G. O. woman and hen, lns 16-17)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mukana murara neva arakaataɲe kʊ ɪsjoŋgo ɪjɪ ,
Glosses: 1-girl 1-one if 1-RF-break-FV of 9-pot 9-DEM
Translation: One girl, if she will break a pot,
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndakamuʃire wa gʊnani .
Glosses: 1SG-RF-1-take-FV 1.GEN 20-ogre
Translation: I will take her to the ogre.’ (H. M. woman and eight girls, lns 6-7)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Aa ! Mama ambole ndɪ mundʊ urakaataɲe kʊ ɪsjoŋgo
Glosses: no mother 1-1SG-say.APPLIC-PERF that 1-person 1-RF-break-FV of 9-pot
Translation: Uh-uh! Mother told me that a person who will break a pot,
Language: Logooli
Transcription: arakamuʃire wa gʊnani gʊrazja kʊmurja .
Glosses: 1-RF-1-take-FV 1.GEN 20-ogre 20-NF-go-FV 15-1-eat-FV
Translation: she will take her to the ogre, who will go to eat her.' (H. M. woman and eight girls, lns 11-12)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Naakore ɪgaasi .
Glosses: MF-1-do-FV 9-work
Translation: S/he will do work (after tomorrow).
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Naaakore ɪgaasi .
Glosses: RF-1-do-FV 9-work
Translation: S/he will do work (at a later date).
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ʊgɪhe amaaze… nɪɪdooka saa saba ,
Glosses: 2SG-9-give-SUBJ AUG-6-water FOC-9-arrive-FV hour seven
Translation: You (will) give it water … when (the time) arrives at one o’clock,
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ʊgɪkere amaveere…
Glosses: 2SG-9-milk-SUBJ AUG-6-milk
Translation: you milk it…’ (B. E. cow care, lns 27-29)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Karoono , azeza kʊnwa ɪkahava .
Glosses: now/today 1-go.PRES.PROGR-FV 15-drink-FV 9-coffee
Translation: Now, s/he is going to drink coffee.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Mugamba , man̪a nzje mʊ ɪskuru .
Glosses: 3-tomorrow 1SG.know-FV 1SG-go-SUBJ LOC 9-school
Translation: Tomorrow, I will go to school.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ʊman̪a ʊn̪ore mʊ amaveere sja weɲaŋga .
Glosses: 2SG-know-FV 2SG-find-SUBJ LOC AUG-6-milk how 2SG-desire-PROGR-FV
Translation: You will find in it milk as you desire.’ (B. E. cow care ln 31)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Man̪a nzje m̩mʊreme , nzje kwaha irikove ,
Glosses: 1SG.know-FV 1SG-go-SUBJ LOC-farm 1SG-go-SUBJ 15-pick AUG-5-veg.sp
Translation: I will go to the farm, I will pick rikove,’ (C. C. lunchtime ln 6)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Gwaakaɲaara , ɪman̪a ɪdooke ɪsaa , ʃímbe saa taano ,
Glosses: 3-FUTPERF-shrivel-FV 9-know-FV 9-arrive-SUBJ 9hour near hour five
Translation: Once (the greens) have shriveled, it will arrive at, close to eleven o’clock,
Language: Logooli
Transcription: saa siita , aambeke kʊ mahiga .
Glosses: hour six CONSEC2-1SG-put-SUBJ LOC 6-stove
Translation: twelve o'clock, then I will put (it) on the stove.’ (lns 13-16)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Ndaakarika , man̪a nduke .
Glosses: 1SG-FUTPERF-put.water.on-FV 1SG.know-FV 1SG-make.cornmeal-SUBJ
Translation: Once I've put water on, I will make the cornmeal.’ (lns 37-38)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Zja ʊman̪a nɪɪveta kʊ mundʊ ,
Glosses: so 2SG-know-FV CONSEC-9-PASS-FV LOC 1-person
Translation: So you know when (the cow) passes by a person,
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ɪvore kʊmuduja daave .
Glosses: 9-refrain-SUBJ 15-1-hit-FV not
Translation: it will not hit him.’ (B. E. cow care, ln 133)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Ma , nɪkʊtʊra jo , ma vaande nɪvazja…
Glosses: then CONSEC-1PL-leave-FV 9.there then 2-other CONSEC-2-go-FV
Translation: Then, we left there, then the others went…’ (M. I. today tomorrow lns 21-22)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Mujaajɪ na mukaana vaaman̪a vaaromba kɪserero .
Glosses: 1-boy CONJ 1-girl 2-RP-know-FV 2-RP-make-FV 7-wedding
Translation: The boy and the girl made a wedding.’ (G. O. girls who wanted luck, ln 78)
Language: Idakho
Transcription: Jaan̪ora ɪmbwa haaŋgo .
Glosses: 1-RP-find-FV 9-dog 16-home
Translation: He found the dog at home.
Language: Idakho
Transcription: Jaaman̪a naavʊgʊra ɪmbwa jɪjo ,
Glosses: 1-RP-know-FV CONSEC-1-RP-take-FV 9-dog 9.DEM
Translation: He took that dog,
Language: Idakho
Transcription: naataaŋga kʊmben̪a najo .
Glosses: CONSEC-1-RP-begin-FV 15-?1-?stay-FV CONJ-9
Translation: and started to stay with it.’ (G. O. girls who wanted luck lns 39-41)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Ma mugamba mamboke , manzje kʊ ɪgaasi jeende .
Glosses: then 3-tomorrow NF2-1SG-wake-SUBJ NF2-1SG-go-SUBJ LOC 9-work 9-other
Translation: Then tomorrow I will wake up, then I will go to another job.’ (M. I. today, tomorrow ln 62)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Aanzahe neende mutere , aan̪ore .
Glosses: CONSEC2-1SG-uproot-SUBJ with 3-veg.sp CONSEC2-separate.leaves.from.stems-SUBJ
Translation: I will uproot (it) together with umutere, then I will separate the leaves from the stems.’ (C. C. lunchtime lns 7-8)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Vjage , kwaata mmba , aviivi .
Glosses: 8-barn 1PL-put-FV LOC-house AUG-2-thief
Translation: As for the barns, we have put (them) in the houses: thieves.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vakun̪o kʊno , ʊkobe zikwiiri , na vakutemagaa .
Glosses: 2-2SG-find LOC-DEM 2SG-beat-SUBJ 10-cries CONJ 2-2SG-chop-PRES.PROG
Translation: They find you there; cry out, and they are chopping you.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: Aakwaata ha vʊriri .
Glosses: CONSEC2-1PL-put-FV LOC 14-eating
Translation: (Thus) we have put (them) in the eating area.’ (, barns lns 1-3)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vuri muundu asyeevi .
Glosses: every 1person 1-dance-PST
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vaandu voosi vasyeevi .
Glosses: 2person 2-all 2SA-dance-PST
Translation: All the people danced.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vaandu valla vasyeevi .
Glosses: 2person 2-one SA-dance-PST
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vaandu viinge vasyeevi .
Glosses: 2person 2-many 2SA-dance-PST
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: vaandu voosi vageengi mudoga .
Glosses: 2person 2-all 2SA-lift-PST car
Translation: All the people lifted a car.’ distributive, collective
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: vuri muundu ageengi mudoga .
Glosses: every 1-person 1SA-lift-PST car
Translation: Every person lifted a car.’ distributive, ×collective
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vaandu voosi vageengi mudoga halla .
Glosses: 2person 2-all 2SA-lift-PST car together
Translation: All the people lifted a car together.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vaandu voosi vavugaani .
Glosses: 2person 2-all 2SA-gather-PST
Translation: All the people gathered.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: soomi vuri kitabu .
Glosses: 1SG.SA.read-PST every 7-book
Translation: I read every book.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: soomi vuri vitabu .
Glosses: 1SG.SA.read-PST every 8-book
Translation: I read every group of books.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: nguri vuri mazi .
Glosses: 1SG.SA.buy-PST every 6-water
Translation: I bought every (bottle of) water.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: soomi kitabu choosi .
Glosses: 1SG.SA.read-PST 7-book 7-all
Translation: I read all of the book.’ or ‘I read the whole book.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: soomi vitabu vyoosi .
Glosses: 1SG.SA.read-PST 8-book 8-all
Translation: I read all the books.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: nguri mazi goosi .
Glosses: 1SG.SA.buy-PST 6-water 6-all
Translation: I bought all the water.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vaandu {yavo/valla/vavere/vanene} vasyeevi .
Glosses: 2person {2those/2-one/2-two/2-important} 2SA-dance-PST
Language: Logooli
Transcription: kunyi voosi kusyeevi .
Glosses: we 2-all 1PL.SA-dance-PST
Language: Logooli
Transcription: *vuri kunyi {asyeevi / kusyeevi}.
Glosses: every we {1SA-dance-PST / 1PL.SA-dance-PST}
Translation: (Intended interpretation: ‘We each danced.’)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: kunyi {valla/vavere/vanene/viinge} kusyeevi .
Glosses: we {2-one/2-two/2-important/2-many} 1PL.SA-dance-PST
Translation: We {some/two/important/many} danced.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: voosi vasyeevi .
Glosses: 2-all 2SA-dance-PST
Language: Logooli
Transcription: *vuri asyeevi .
Glosses: every 1SA-dance-PST
Translation: (Intended interpretation: ‘Everyone danced.’)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: {valla/vavere/vanene/viinge} vasyeevi .
Glosses: {2-one/2-two/2-important/2-many} 1PL.SA-dance-PST
Language: Logooli
Transcription: kunyi vaana kusyeevi .
Glosses: we 2child 1PL.SA-dance-PST
Language: Logooli
Transcription: soomi vuri kitabu choosi .
Glosses: 1SG.SA.read-PST every 7-book 7-all
Translation: I read every whole book.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vaana {vaange/yavo/vanene/vya Chazima/vavere} voosi vagonaa .
Glosses: 2children {2my/2those/2-important/2of Chazima/2-two} 2-all 2SA-sleep-PRS
Translation: All {my/those/important/of Chazima's/two} children are sleeping.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vaana voosi {vaange/yavo/vanene/vya Chazima/vavere} vagonaa .
Glosses: 2children 2-all {2my/2those/2-important/2of Chazima/2-two} 2SA-sleep-PRS
Translation: All {my/those/important/of Chazima's/two} children are sleeping.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ridirisha riveye vuri murumu .
Glosses: 5-window 5-have-PRS every 3-room
Translation: i. ‘There is one particular window that is in every room.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ridirisha riveye mu zirumu zyoosi .
Glosses: 5-window 5-have-PRS with 3-room 3-all
Translation: i. ‘There is one particular window that is in all rooms.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ridirisha llara riveye vuri murumu .
Glosses: 5-window 5-one 5-have-PRS every 3-room
Translation: i. ‘There is one particular window that is in every room.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: ridirisha llara riveye mu zirumu zyoosi .
Glosses: 5-window 5-one 5-have-PRS with 3-room 3-all
Translation: i. ‘There is one particular window that is in all rooms.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: muundu woosi asyeevi ku mba .
Glosses: 1person 1all 3SA-dance-PST KU NEG
Language: Logooli
Transcription: vuri muundu anyara ku mba .
Glosses: every 1person 1SA-mess.up-PST KU NEG
Translation: Every person did not mess up.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: muundu woosi anyara ku mba .
Glosses: 1person 2-all 1SA-mess.up-PST KU NEG
Translation: No one messed up.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: yayaanza vaandu voosi mba .
Glosses: 1SA-like-PRS 2person 2-all NEG
Translation: He doesn't like anyone.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: asyoomi kitabu choosi .
Glosses: 1SA-read-PST 7-book 7-all
Translation: She read the whole book.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: muundu woosi anyara kusyeeva .
Glosses: 1person 1-any 1SA-can-PRS INF-dance-PRS
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: kangiphegi .
Glosses: NEG-1.SM-cook-PRS.NEG
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: isilwane besinganhle .
Glosses: 7-lion COP-7.SM-PST.NEG-pretty
Translation: The lion wasn't pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: umfana kakhalanga .
Glosses: 1-boy NEG-cry-EP-PST.NEG
Translation: The boy wasn't crying.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: ngiphega .
Glosses: 1.SM-cook-prs
Translation: I cook.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: mina ngikhale .
Glosses: I 1.SM-cry-PST
Translation: I was crying.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: mina angikhalanga .
Glosses: I NEG-1.SM-cry-EP-PST.NEG
Translation: I wasn't crying.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: isilwane sihle .
Glosses: 7-lion 7.SM-pretty
Translation: The lion is pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: isilwane asi∅sihle .
Glosses: 7-lion NEG-7.SM-∅-7.SM-pretty
Translation: The lion is not pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: isilwane besi∅sihle .
Glosses: 7-lion be.PST-7.SM-∅-7.SM-pretty
Translation: The lion was pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: isilwane besi∅ngasihle .
Glosses: NC-lion be.PST-7.SM-∅-NEG-7.SM-pretty
Translation: The lion wasn't pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: yenza isilwane sibesihle .
Glosses: make 7-lion 7.SM-be.PST-7.SM-pretty
Translation: Make the lion be pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: yenza isilwane sibe∅nganhle .
Glosses: make 7-lion 7.SM-be.PST-∅-NEG-pretty
Translation: Make the lion not be pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: yenza isilwane sibesi∅nganhle .
Glosses: make 7-lion 7.SM-be.PST-7.SM-∅-NEG-pretty
Translation: Make the lion not be pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: yenza isilwane sibesi∅ngasihle .
Glosses: make 7-lion 7.SM-be.PST-7.SM-∅-NEG-7.SM-pretty
Translation: Make the lion not be pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: *yenza isilwane sibe∅ngasihle .
Glosses: make 7-lion 7.SM-be.PST-∅-NEG-7.SM-pretty
Translation: Make the lion not be pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: *isilwane besi∅si∅ngasihle .
Glosses: 7-lion be.PST-7.SM-∅-7.SM-∅-NEG-7.SM-pretty
Translation: The lion wasn't pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: isilwane sizabe si∅sihle .
Glosses: 7-lion 7.SM-FUT-be.PST 7.SM-∅-7.SM-pretty
Translation: The lion will be pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: isilwane sizabe si∅ngasihle .
Glosses: 7-lion 7.SM-FUT-be.PST 7.SM-∅-NEG-7.SM-pretty
Translation: The lion will not be pretty.
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: hamba !
Glosses: go-FV
Translation: Go!
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: ungahambi !
Glosses: 1.SM-NEG-go-NEG
Translation: Don't Go!
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: vala umngango !
Glosses: close-FV 3-door
Translation: Close the door!
Language: Sumayela Ndebele
Transcription: ungavali umngango !
Glosses: 1.SM-NEG-close-NEG 3-door
Translation: Don't close the door!
Language: Swahili
Transcription: Mtoto alifunga dirisha .
Glosses: 1-child 1SM-PT-shut-FV 5.window
Translation: The child shut the window.
Language: Swahili
Transcription: Mtoto alifungua dirisha .
Glosses: 1-child 1SM-PT-shut-REV-FV 5.window
Translation: The child opened the window.
Language: Swahili
Transcription: Walitulipia .
Glosses: 2SM-PT-us-pay-APP-FV
Translation: They paid for us.
Language: Swahili
Transcription: Walipisheni .
Glosses: 2OM-pay-CAUS-IMP
Translation: (You all) make them pay.
Language: Sira
Transcription: Sira ahani muriaŋgo .
Glosses: Sira 1-close-FV 3door
Translation: Sira closed the door.
Language: Sira
Transcription: muriaŋgo guhaniki .
Glosses: 3door 3-close-VK-FV
Translation: The door closed.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: muriaŋgo guhani .
Glosses: 3door 3-close-FV
Translation: The door closed.
Language: Sira
Transcription: muriaŋgo guhanwi (na Sira).
Glosses: 3door 3-close-PASS-FV by Sira
Translation: The door was closed (by Sira).
Language: Sira
Transcription: muriaŋgo guhani (*na Sira).
Glosses: 3door 3-close-FV by Sira
Translation: The door closed (*by Sira).
Language: Sira
Transcription: muriaŋgo guhaniki (*na Sira).
Glosses: 3door 3-close-VK-FV by Sira
Translation: The door closed (*by Sira).
Language: Sira
Transcription: muriaŋgo guaraminywi (*kutorona na imboza).
Glosses: 3door 3-open-PASS-FV from by 9wind
Translation: The door was opened (*because of/from the wind).
Language: Sira
Transcription: muriaŋgo guarami (kutorona na imboza).
Glosses: 3door 3-open-FV from by 9wind
Translation: The door opened (because of/from the wind).
Language: Sira
Transcription: muriaŋgo guaramiki (kuturona na imboza).
Glosses: 3door 3-open-VK-FV from by 9wind
Translation: The door opened (because of/from the wind).
Language: Logooli
Transcription: imbwa yuminywi (na itahoro).
Glosses: 9dog 9-dry-CAUS-PASS-FV PRT 9towel
Translation: The dog was dried (with a towel).
Language: Logooli
Transcription: imbwa yumi (*na itahoro).
Glosses: 9dog 9-dry-FV PRT 9towel
Translation: The dog dried (*with a towel).
Language: Logooli
Transcription: imbwa yumiki (*na itahoro).
Glosses: 9dog 9-dry-VK-FV PRT 9towel
Translation: The dog dried (*with a towel).
Language: Nyanja
Transcription: # nenya murianggo guhanwɛ .
Glosses: _ 1sg-want-FV 3door 3-close-PASS-FV
Translation: I want the door to be closed.
Language: Nyanja
Transcription: # nenya murianggo guhanɛ .
Glosses: _ 1sg-want-FV 3door 3-close-FV
Translation: I want the door to close.
Language: Nyanja
Transcription: nenya murianggo guhanekɛ .
Glosses: 1sg-want-FV 3door 3-close-VK-FV
Translation: I want the door closed.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: murianggo guhanwi daave .
Glosses: 3door 3-close-PASS-FV NEG
Translation: The door wasn’t closed.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: murianggo guhani daave .
Glosses: 3door 3-close-FV NEG
Translation: The door didn’t close.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: # murianggo guhaneki daave .
Glosses: _ 3door 3-close-VK-FV NEG
Translation: The door didn’t close.
Language: Greek
Transcription: mpira gutoonywanga .
Glosses: 3ball 3-drop-PASS-PROG-FV
Translation: The ball was being dropped.
Language: Greek
Transcription: mpira gutoonyanga .
Glosses: 3ball 3-drop-PROG-FV
Translation: The ball is dropping.
Language: Greek
Transcription: *mpira gutoonyikanga .
Glosses: 3ball 3-drop-VK-PROG-FV
Translation: (‘The ball is being dropped.’/‘The ball is dropping.’)
Language: Logooli
Transcription: maguta gadinyizwi (netare gakere madoto).
Glosses: 6butter 6-harden-CAUS-PASS-FV but 6-be.still-FV 6-soft
Translation: The butter was hardened (but it’s still soft).
Language: Logooli
Transcription: maguta gadinyi (netare gakere madoto).
Glosses: 6butter 6-harden-FV but 6-be.still-FV 6-soft
Translation: The butter hardened (but it’s still soft).
Language: Logooli
Transcription: maguta gadinyiki (#netare gakere madoto).
Glosses: 6butter 6-harden-VK-FV but 6-be.still-FV 6-soft
Translation: The butter hardened (#but it’s still soft).
Language: Logooli
Transcription: nenya imbwa yumike .
Glosses: 1sg-want-FV 9dog 9-dry-VK-FV
Translation: I want the dog to be dry.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: imbwa yumeki daave .
Glosses: 9dog 9-dry-VK-FV NEG
Translation: The dog didn’t dry.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: imbwa yumeka .
Glosses: 9dog 9-dry-VK-FV
Translation: The dog is drying.
Language: Logooli
Transcription: imbwa yumiki (netare ikere inzilu hadi).
Glosses: 9dog 9-dry-VK-FV but 9-be.still-FV 9-wet some.of
Translation: The dog dried (but it’s still a little wet).
Language: Sira
Transcription: iroli irorwe na Sira .
Glosses: 9truck 9-see-PASS-FV by 1Sira
Translation: The truck was seen by Sira.
Language: Sira
Transcription: iroli iroreke (*na Sira).
Glosses: 9truck 9-see-VK-FV by 1Sira
Translation: The truck was seen (by Sira).
Language: Kinyarwanda
Transcription: Umugabo arandika inkuru .
Glosses: 1-man 1S-PRES-write-IMP 9-story
Translation: The man is writing the story.
Language: Kinyarwanda
Transcription: Umugabo arandikira umwana inkuru .
Glosses: 1-man 1S-PRES-write-APPL-IMP 1-child 9-story
Translation: The man is writing the child the story.
Language: Swahili
Transcription: Juma alivaa kanzu .
Glosses: Juma 1S-PST-wear-FV kanzu
Translation: Juma was wearing a Kanzu.
Language: Swahili
Transcription: Juma alivalia nguo rasmi .
Glosses: Juma 1S-PST-wear-APPL-FV clothes official
Translation: Juma was dressed up in official/formal clothes.
Language: Swahili
Transcription: #Juma alivalia kanzu .
Glosses: Juma 1S-PST-wear-APPL-FV kanzu
Translation: Intended: `Juma was wearing a Kanzu.
Language: Tswana
Transcription: mòsímàné ókíbítlà fátlàsé gádìtlhàrè .
Glosses: 1-boy 1S-run.heavily-IMP NEARBY-under LOC-8-tree
Translation: The boy is running with heavy footfall under the trees.
Language: Tswana
Transcription: mòsímàné ókíbítlȩ̀là kwátlàsé gáthàbà .
Glosses: 1-boy 1S-run.heavily-to-IMP DISTANT-under LOC-mountain
Translation: The boy is running with heavy footfall to under the mountain.
Language: Kinyarwanda
Transcription: Yohani ari kuvuga .
Glosses: John 1S-BE INF-talk-IMP
Translation: John is talking.
Language: Kinyarwanda
Transcription: Yohani ari kuvugira mu nzu .
Glosses: John 1S-BE INF-talk-APPL-IMP 18 9-house
Translation: John is talking in the house.
Language: Kinyarwanda
Transcription: Yohani ari kwiruka .
Glosses: John 1S-be INF-run-IMP
Translation: John is running.
Language: Kinyarwanda
Transcription: Yohani ari kwirukira kw' isoko .
Glosses: John 1S-BE INF-run-APPL-IMP 17 5-market
Translation: John is running to the market.
Language: Kinyarwanda
Transcription: Ndi kwinjira mu nzu .
Glosses: 1SG-BE INF-enter-IMP 18 9-house
Translation: I am entering the house.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ndi kwinjirira mu nzu mu muryango .
Glosses: 1SG-BE INF-enter-APPL-IMP 18 9-house 18 3-door
Translation: I am entering the house through the door.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Karemera y∅ambutse inyanja .
Glosses: Karemera 1S-PST-cross-PERF 9-ocean
Translation: Karemera crossed the ocean.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Karemera y∅ambukiye i Mombasa (mu) nyanja .
Glosses: Karemera 1S-PST-cross-APPL-PERF 23 Mombasa (18 9-ocean
Translation: Karemera crossed the ocean from Mombasa.