lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [[Daidokorono madokara shiroi nekoga haittekita] sono shiroi neko]ga ima sakanao totte nigeta .
Glosses: kitchen-GEN window-from white cat-NOM come.in-PAST that white cat-NOM now fish-ACC steal run.away-PAST
Translation: A white cat came in from the kitchen window and that white cat now stole a fish and ran away.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [[Daidokorono madokara shiroi nekoga kinoo deteitta] sono shiroi neko]ga ima sakanao tabeteiru .
Glosses: kitchen-GEN window-from white cat-NOM yesterday go.out-PAST that white cat-NOM now fish-ACC eat-Prog-PRES
Translation: A white cat went out of the kitchen window yesterday, and that white cat is now eating a fish.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: ?*Kenwa [[[Naomiga ofisuni {Luckyo/ sono haiirono nekoo} tsuretekita]no]no ke]o katta .
Glosses: Ken-TOP Naomi-NOM office-DAT Lucky-ACC/ that grey-GEN cat-ACC bring-PAST-NL-GEN hair-ACC cut-PAST
Translation: Naomi brought {Lucky / that gray cat} to the office and Ken cut her hair.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Kenwa [[[Naomiga ofisuni {Luckyo/ kono haiirono nekoo} tsuretekita] sono {Lucky/ kono haiirono neko}]no ke]o katta .
Glosses: Ken-TOP Naomi-NOM office-DAT Lucky-ACC this grey-GEN cat-ACC bring-PAST that Lucky this grey-GEN cat-GEN hair-ACC cut-PAST
Translation: Naomi brought {Lucky, this grey cat} to the office and Ken cut that {Lucky’s/ this grey cat’s} hair.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Tarowa Ayakano kukkiio reezookoni ireta .
Glosses: Taro-TOP Ayaka-GEN cookies-ACC fridge-in put-PAST
Language: Japanese
Transcription: #[Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttano]ga chokochippu kukkii datta .
Glosses: Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-NOM chocolate-chip cookies COP-PAST
Translation: Taro put Ayaka’s cookies in the fridge. Ayaka made cookies, and they were chocolate chip cookies.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Tarowa [Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttano]o reezookoni ireta .
Glosses: Taro-TOP Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-ACC fridge-in put-PAST
Translation: Ayaka made cookies, and Taro put them in the fridge.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [Ayakaga kesa kukkiio tsukuttano]o sudeni tabeteshimatta .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM this-morning cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-ACC already eat.up-PAST
Translation: Ayaka made cookies this morning, but Junya already ate them up.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: #Junyawa [Taroga [Ayakaga kesa kukkiio tsukuttato] (korekara) houkokusuruno]o sudeni tabeteshimatta .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Taro-NOM Ayaka-NOM this-morning cookies-ACC make-PAST-COMP (this-after) announce-do-PRES-NL-ACC already eat.up-PAST
Translation: Taro will announce (after this) that Ayaka made cookies this morning, but Junya already ate them up.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[Taroga [Ayakaga kesa [e] tsukuttato] (korekara) houkokusuru] kukkii]o sudeni tabeteshimatta .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Taro-NOM Ayaka-NOM this-morning gap make-PAST-COMP (this-after) announce-do-PRES cookies-ACC already eat.up-PAST
Translation: Junya already ate up the cookies that Taro will announce (after this) that Ayaka made this morning.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: #[Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttano]ga chokochippu kukkiide aru .
Glosses: Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-NOM chocolate-chip cookies-COP
Translation: Intended: ‘Ayaka made cookies, and they are chocolate chip cookies.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttano]o tanoshinda .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-ACC enjoy-PAST
Translation: Ayaka made cookies, and Junya enjoyed them.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: #Junyawa [[[Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttano]ga chokochippu kukkiide aru] oyatsu]o tanoshinda .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-NOM chocolate-chip cookies-COP snack-ACC enjoy-PAST
Translation: Intended: ‘Ayaka made cookies, and they are chocolate chip cookies; Junya enjoyed the snack.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[Ayakaga [e] tsukutta] kukkii]ga chokochippu kukkiide aru] oyatsu]o tanoshinda .11
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM gap make-PAST cookies-NOM chocolate-chip cookies-COP snack-ACC enjoy-PAST
Translation: The cookies Ayaka made are chocolate chip cookies; Junya enjoyed the snack.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttano]o tabemashita .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-ACC eat-PAST
Translation: Ayaka made cookies, and Junya ate them.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: #[Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttano]ga chokochippu kukkii da .
Glosses: Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-NOM chocolate.chip cookie COP
Translation: Ayaka made cookies, and they are chocolate chip cookies.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [[Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttano]no shurui]ga chokochippu kukkii da .
Glosses: Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-GEN kind-NOM chocolate-GEN cookie COP
Translation: Ayaka made cookies, and their kind is chocolate chip cookies.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [[Ayakaga [e] tsukutta] kukkii]ga chokochippu kukkii da .
Glosses: Ayaka-NOM gap make-PAST cookies-NOM chocolate-GEN cookie COP
Translation: The cookies Ayaka made are chocolate chip cookies.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Sono uchuuhikooshiwa [[uchuude mottomo mitsudoga takai wakuseiga meno maeni chikazuitekita]no]no hyoomen]o kansatsushita
Glosses: that astronaut-TOP universe-in most density-NOM high planet-NOM eye-GEN before-DAT get.closer-NL-GEN surface-ACC observe-PAST
Translation: The densest planet in the universe was coming before an astronaut and the astronaut observed its surface.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Ayakaga kukkiio 20mai tsukutta .]
Glosses: Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC 20-CL make-PAST
Translation: Ayaka made 20 cookies.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[Yokoga korekara hotondono kukkiio reezookoni ireru] sono kukkii]o zenbu paatiini motteiku tsumori da .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Yoko-NOM this-after almost-all-GEN cookies-ACC fridge-DAT put-in-PRES those cookies-ACC all party-DAT bring-PRES intention COP
Translation: After this, Yoko will put most of the cookies into the fridge, and Junya intends to bring those cookies to the party.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[darega korekara hotondono kukkiio reezookoni ireru] sono kukkii]o zenbu paatiini motteiku tsumori na no ?
Glosses: Junya-TOP who-NOM this-after almost-all-GEN cookies-ACC fridge-DAT put-in-PRES those cookies-ACC all party-DAT bring-PRES intention COP >Q
Translation: After this, who will put most of the cookies into the fridge such that Junya will bring those cookies to the party?
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[sakanaga yaketa] sono nioi]ga kininatta .
Glosses: Junya-TOP fish-NOM get-broiled-PAST that smell-NOM worry.about-PAST
Translation: A fish got broiled, and Junya worried about that smell.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[Ayakaga tegiwayoku kukkiio tsukutta] sono tegiwayosa]o hometa .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM with-finesse cookie-ACC make-PAST that finesse-ACC praise-PAST
Translation: Ayaka made cookies with finesse, and Junya praised that finesse.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[Johnga sankono nashio katte Maryga nikono ringoo katta] sono kudamono]o tabeta .
Glosses: Junya-TO John-NOM three-CL-GEN pear-ACC buy-and Mary-NOM two-CL-GEN apple-ACC buy-PAST that fruit-ACC eat-PAST
Translation: John bought three pears and Mary bought two apples and Junya ate that fruit (= the 3 pears and the 2 apples).
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[Ayakaga kukkiio tsukutta] tegiwayosa]o hometa .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM cookie-ACC make-PAST finesse-ACC praise-PAST
Translation: Junya praised the finesse with which Ayaka made cookies
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Junyawa [[Ayakaga tegiwayoku kukkiio tsukutta]no]o hometa .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM with-finesse cookie-ACC make-PAST-NL-ACC praise-PAST
Translation: (Intended) ‘Ayaka made cookies with finesse, and Junya praised the finesse.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [[[Ayakaga kukkiio tsukutta] [sono kukkii]]
Glosses: Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST so-GEN cookies
Translation: Ayaka made cookies: those cookies
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Billwa [[Maryga ringoo shibottekureta]no]o nonda .
Glosses: Bill-TOP Mary-NOM apple-ACC squeeze-PAST-NL-ACC drink-da
Translation: Mary squeezed apples and Mary drank (the resulting juice).
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Billwa [[[Johnga waino dashitekureta]no] to [[[Maryga ringoo shibottekureta] oishisoona]no]]o (sanbai) nonda .
Glosses: Bill-TOP John-NOM wine-ACC serve-PAST-NL and Mary-NOM apple-ACC squeeze-PAST delicious.looking-one-ACC three-CL drink-PAST
Translation: John served wine and Mary squeezed apples, and Bill drank {it, three glasses of them altogether} (= the wine and apple juice).
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Billwa [[[Johnga waino dashitekureta]no] to [[Maryga ringoo shibottekureta]no]]o (sanbai) nonda .
Glosses: Bill-TOP John-NOM wine-ACC serve-PAST-NL and Mary-NOM apple-ACC squeeze-PAST-NL-ACC three-CL drink-PAST
Translation: John served wine and Mary squeezed apples, and Bill drank {it, three glasses of them altogether} (= the wine and apple juice).
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Bokutachiwa [[[Johnga waino tsuidekureta]no] to [[[Maryga ringoo shibottekureta] oishisoona]no]]o nonde yatto kutsuroida .
Glosses: we-TOP John-NOM wine-ACC pour-PAST-NL and Mary-NOM apple-ACC squeeze-PAST delicious.looking-one-ACC drink finally relax-PAST
Translation: John served wine and Mary the very delicious looking stuff that she made by squeezing apples, and we relaxed finally.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Tarowa [[Naokoga [e] shoukaishitekureta] kawaii]no]to tsukiaihajimeta .
Glosses: Taro-TOP Naoko-NOM gap introduce-do-give-PAST pretty-one-with start-dating-PAST
Translation: Taro started dating with the pretty one Naoko introduced to him.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [[[Majoga omajinaide shoojoo henshinsaseta] koounnano]no konouenai utsukushisa]ga oojisamao torikonishita .
Glosses: good fairy-NOM magic.spells-with girl-ACC transform-cause-PAST fortunate-NL-GEN extraordinary beauty-NOM prince-ACC get-enslaved-PAST
Translation: The good fairy transformed a girl with magic spells, and her extraordinary beauty enslaved the prince.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [[[Majoga omajinaide shoojoo henshinsaseta]no]no konouenai utsukushisa]ga oojisamao torikonishita .
Glosses: good fairy-NOM magic.spells-with girl-ACC transform-cause-PAST-NL-GEN extraordinary beauty-NOM prince-ACC get-enslaved-PAST
Translation: The good fairy transformed a girl with a magic spell, and her extraordinary beauty enslaved the prince.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Majoga omajinaide shoojoo ohimesamani henshinsaseta .
Glosses: good fairy-NOM magic.spells-with girl-ACC princess-DAT transform-cause-PAST
Translation: The good fairy transformed a girl into a princess with a magic spell.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Kinou Ayakaga kukkiiga yakekiranaiuchini kaetteshimattanoo , Junyaga kyou yakinaoshita .
Glosses: yesterday Ayaka-NOM cookies-NOM bake-finish-NEG-before go.home-end.up-NL-ACC, Junya-NOM today bake-do.again-PAST
Translation: Yesterday Ayaka went home before cookies were completely baked, and Junya re-baked them today.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Yokowa [[[Taroga asa pro gesutoo shookaisita]no]o 3nin] yoruni dinaa paatiini shootaisita .
Glosses: Yoko-TOP Taro-NOM morning guest-ACC introduce-do-PAST-NL-ACC 3-CL evening-in dinner party-to invite-do-PAST
Translation: Taro introduced three guests to Yoko in the morning and she invited them to a dinner party in the evening.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Tarowa [[[Yokoga yoruni dinaa paatiini gesutoo shootaisita]no]o 3nin] asa pro {? shookaisita/ shookaishiteita}.
Glosses: Taro-TOP Yoko-NOM evening-in dinner party-to guest-ACC invite-do-PAST-NL-ACC 3-CL morning introduce-do-PAST/ introduce-do-be-PAST
Translation: Yoko invited three guests to a dinner party in the evening and Taro ?(had already) introduced them to her in the morning.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: ?Kinou Ayakaga kukkiio tsukuttanoga chokochippu kukkii dattanode , chokozukino Junyawa yorokonda .
Glosses: Yesterday Ayaka-NOM cookies-ACC make-PAST-NL-NOM chocolate.chip cookie COP-PAST-because chocolate-loving-GEN Junya-TOP be.pleased-PAST . 
Translation: Because Ayaka made cookies yesterday and they were chocolate chip cookies, Junya, a chocolate lover, was happy.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa Ayakaga ringoo muita (oishisoona)no/yatsuo tabeta .
Glosses: Junya-TOP Ayaka-NOM apple-ACC peel-PAST delicious.looking-NL/thing-ACC eat-PAST
Translation: Ayaka peeled some apple(s)i and Junya ate (lit. delicious-looking) it/themi.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Junyawa [[yuujinga kaigairyuugakuni shuppatsusuru] (*shitashii)no]no kansoono tameni paatiio hiraita .
Glosses: Junya-TOP friend-NOM study abroad-DAT departure-do-PRES close-NL-GEN send-off-GEN purpose-DAT party-ACC hold-PAST
Translation: A (*close) friend of Junya’s is going to leave for study abroad, and he (=Junya) held his/her send-off party.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I gata ine mesa sto kuti .1               nonprojective
Glosses: the cat is IN se-the box
Translation: The cat is in the box.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I gata ine mesa sto kuti .               nonprojective
Glosses: the cat is IN se-the box
Translation: The cat is in the box.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ta klidia ine sto trapezi .
Glosses: the keys are se-the table
Translation: The keys are on the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ta ruxa ine stin dulapa .
Glosses: the clothes are se-the closet
Translation: The clothes are in the closet.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria ine sto spiti .
Glosses: the Mary is se-the house
Translation: Mary is at home.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria / ta psaria / to spiti ine sti thalasa .
Glosses: the Mary  the fish  the house is/are se-the sea
Translation: Mary/the fish/the house is/are at/in/by the sea.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mesa stin dulapa
Glosses: IN se-the closet
Translation: in the closet
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria ine brosta stin tileorasi .              ‘in front of’
Glosses: the Mary is FRONT se-the TV
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I laba ine pano sto trapezi .                 ‘on’
Glosses: the lamp is UP se-the table
Translation: The lamp is on the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I gata ine ( pano  ) sto trapezi .
Glosses: the cat is  UP se-the table
Translation: The cat is on the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Chios ine konta stin / [apo tin ] Turkia .
Glosses: the Turkey is CLOSE se-the  apo the Turkey
Translation: The island of Chios is [close to] / [not far from] Turkey.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Turkia ine konta # sti /  [apo ti ] Xio .
Glosses: the Turkey is CLOSE se-the apo the  Chios
Translation: Turkey is #[close to] / [not far from] Chios.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ta molyvia ine (* 5 ek) mesa sto syrtari .
Glosses: the pencils are 5 cm IN se-the drawer
Translation: The pencils are (* 5 cm) in the drawer.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ta molyvia ine (* 5 ek  ) pano sto trapezi .17
Glosses: the pencils are 5 cm UP se-the table
Translation: The pencils are (* 5 cm) on the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: To karfi ine 5 xiliosta mesa ston tixo .
Glosses: the nail is 5 mm IN se-the wall
Translation: The nail is 5mm inside/into the wall.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Imaste 100 km mesa sti Servia .
Glosses: we.are 100 km IN se-the Serbia
Translation: We are 100km inside/into Serbia.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: To karfi ine (5 xiliosta) mesa ston tixo .
Glosses: the nail is 5 mm IN se-the wall
Translation: The nail is 5mm inside/into the wall.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: To karfi ine mesa ston tixo .
Glosses: the nail is IN se-the wall
Translation: The nail is in/inside the wall.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria egerne (*10 ek) kontra ston tixo .
Glosses: the Mary leaned 10 cm against se-the wall
Translation: Mary was leaning (*10cm) against the wall.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: O Yanis itan (  *2km  ) konta sto parko .
Glosses: the Yanis was 2km NEAR se-the park
Translation: Yanis was (*2km) close to the park.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I gata itan (*2m) anamesa ston Yani ke ti Maria .
Glosses: the cat was 2m between se-the Yanis and the Mary
Translation: IM: ‘The cat was lying between Yanis and Mary at a 2m distance from either.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: O Yanis kathete (*2 m) brosta / dipla stin tileorasi .
Glosses: the Yanis sits 2 m FRONT  SIDE se-the TV
Translation: IM: ‘Yanis is sitting 2 meters in front of / beside the TV.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: O Yanis kathete ( *isia / *  diagonia  ) brosta /dipla sti Maria .
Glosses: the Yanis sits straight  diagonally FRONT/SIDE se-the Mary
Translation: Yanis is sitting straight / diagonally in front of / beside Mary.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: To vivlio ine isia / diagonia pano sto trapezi .
Glosses: the book is straight / diagonally UP se-the table
Translation: The book is lying straight/diagonally on the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a . [ SW [ se DP ] ] complex sePP / nonprojective
Glosses: b . [ SW [ apo DP ] ] complex apo-PP / projective
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I valitsa ine mesa sto aftokinito .
Glosses: the suitcase is IN se-the car
Translation: The suitcase is inside the car.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I valitsa ine sto aftokinito mesa .
Glosses: the suitcase is se-the car IN
Translation: The suitcase is inside the car.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I gata kathete pano sto trapezi .
Glosses: the cat sits UP se-the table
Translation: The cat is sitting on the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Eki ine ena dentro ke o Michalis kathete apopiso .19
Glosses: there is a tree and the Michael sits apo-BACK
Translation: (Over) there is a tree and Michael is standing/sitting behind it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria ine ston kipo .            locative
Glosses: the Mary is se-the garden
Translation: Mary is in the garden.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria pige ston kipo .          goal
Glosses: the Mary went se-the garden
Translation: Mary went to the garden.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria xorepse sto saloni .              locative only
Glosses: the Mary danced se-the living-room
Translation: Mary danced in the living-room.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria efige sti Germania .            goal
Glosses: the Mary left se-the Germany
Translation: Mary went away to Germany.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria perase sto saloni .                goal
Glosses: the Mary passed se-the living-room
Translation: Mary moved on into the living room.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: * I gata vgike / perase apo mesa sto kuti .
Glosses: the cat got_out / passed apo IN se-the box
Translation: The cat [got out of] / [went through] the box.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: pano ston kanape
Glosses: UP se-the couch
Translation: on the couch
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: i gata (ine) pano ston kanape
Glosses: the cat (is) UP se-the couch
Translation: The cat is on the couch.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: (I gata anevike) pano ston kanape .
Glosses: the cat got_on UP se-the couch
Translation: The cat jumped onto the couch.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Eki ine ena dentro ke o Michalis kathete apopiso .
Glosses: there is a tree and the Michael sits apo-BACK
Translation: (Over) there is a tree and Michael is standing/sitting behind it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: O Yanis ine pano (,) stin taratsa
Glosses: the Yanis is UP  se-the roof
Translation: Yanis is up on the roof.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I Maria ine konta sto spiti .
Glosses: the Mary is CLOSE se-the house
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #  Ine to ktirio brosta sti Maria ,
Glosses: Is the building FRONT se-the Mary
Translation: … ke gia afto den borume na ti dume. … ‘and that’s why we can’t see her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ine kolimeno ena aftokolito pano sto thranio .
Glosses: is stuck a sticker UP se-the desk
Translation: There is a sticker on the desk(’s side).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: (*mesa) ston aera
Glosses: IN se-the air
Translation: in the air / on air
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: O Michalis kathete apopiso apo to dentro .
Glosses: the Michael sits apo-BACK apo the tree
Translation: Michael is sitting/standing behind the tree.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Smax=hl gyukwsxwit t .
Glosses: bear=CN wake 
Translation: It was a bear that woke.’ (Bicevskis et al. 2017: 291)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Luu sa hetxw 'nii'y .
Glosses: in blocking stand-VAL 1SG.III
Translation: I stood in, blocking the way.’ (adapted from Rigsby 1986: 373)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dim amksiwaamaxda .
Glosses:  white.person-language-3PL.INDP
Translation: They’ll speak English.’ (Rigsby 1986: 415)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw=hl miilugwi'y .
Glosses: =CN dance-1SG.II
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Wilaayi=s Mary=hl wat / simhe .
Glosses: know-TR.PN Mary=CN name-3.II / truth
Translation: Mary knows his name/the truth.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Yukw=t wilaax=s Mary=hl wat /simhe .
Glosses: =3SG.II know=PN Mary=CN name-3.II /truth
Translation: Consultants’ comments: “It’s like saying, ‘She’s knowing the truth.” “Yukw and wilaax don’t match.” (Schwan 2019: 14)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw=hl a'laxdiit .
Glosses: PROG=CN angry-3PL.II
Translation: They are angry.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw=hl siipxwt .
Glosses: =CN sick-3.II
Translation: S/he is sick.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dim dibagwi'y=hl eejam t'ilix .
Glosses:  COM-arrive.PL-TR-1SG.II=CN fry-ATTR grease
Translation: I’ll bring fry bread.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dim dikw'itxwi'y eeja'am anaax .
Glosses:  COM-arrive-TR.1SG.II fry-ATTR bread
Translation: I’ll bring fry bread.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Yukw dim=in dibakw=hl eejam t'ilix .
Glosses:  =1SG.I COM-arrive.PL=CN fry-ATTR grease
Translation: I’m going to bring fry bread.’ Consultant’s comment: “No, it’s not offering to be the one to bring the fried bread, it’s just saying that you’re going to bring the fried bread.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Yukw dim=in dikw'itxw eeja'am anaax .
Glosses:  =1SG.I COM-arrive fry-ATTR bread
Translation: I’m going to bring fry bread.’ Consultant’s comment: “When you say yukw dim, it doesn’t sound good in the context … when people use yukw dim, you are literally going to.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dim ts‘ilim 'nii'y e=hl eejam anaax , ji asagan .
Glosses:  bring 1SG.III PREP=CN fry-ATTR bread IRR want-2SG.II
Translation: I’ll bring fry bread, if you want.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Yukw dim ts'ilimi'y e=hl eejam anaax , ji asagan .
Glosses:   bring-1SG.II PREP=CN fry-ATTR bread IRR want-2SG.II
Translation: I’m going to bring fry bread, if you want.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dim ḵ'oji'y=hl g̱esin a=hl xwsdins .
Glosses:  cut-TR-1SG.II=CN hair-2SG.II PREP=CN five
Translation: I’ll cut your hair for five dollars.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xwsdins=hl gwiikw dim win dip ḵ'ots=hl gesin .12
Glosses: five=CN groundhog  COMP 1PL.I cut=CN hair-2SG.II
Translation: For five dollars we’ll cut your hair.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Yukw=ni dim ḵ'ots=hl g̱esin a=hl xwsdins .
Glosses: =1SG.I  cut-1SG.II hair-2SG.II PREP.CN five
Translation: I’m going to cut your hair for five dollars.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Xwsdins=hl gwiikw yukw dim win dip ḵ'ots=hl gesin .
Glosses: five=CN groundhog   COMP 1PL.I cut=CN hair-2SG.II
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ham ji des=hl aats'ip , dim hluxwt !
Glosses: don’t.2SG IRR touch=CN door  explode-3.II
Translation: Don’t touch the door, it will explode!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ham ji des=hl aats'ip , yukw dim hluxwt .
Glosses: don’t.2SG IRR touch=CN door   explode=3.II
Translation: Don’t touch the door, it’s gonna explode!’ Consultant’s comment: “Yukw dim means it’s going to. It’s something like a plan that you’re gonna go through. [(35)a’] is better.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Ham ji dulbint … dim x̲hluxw=hl bomb !
Glosses: don’t.2SG IRR be.near-3SG.II  explode=CN bomb
Translation: Don’t go near it, the bomb will explode!’ Consultant’s comment: “When you say Dim x̲hluxwhl bomb, it’s if you touch the door.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Ha'w ji hagwin yin loot , dim xhluxwd=is !
Glosses: don’t IRR toward go-2SG.II OBL-3.II  explode-3.II=QUDD
Translation: Don’t go near it, it will explode!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ham ji dulbint … yukw dim x̲hluxw=hl bomb !
Glosses: don’t.2SG IRR near-3SG   explode=CN bomb
Translation: Don’t go near it, the bomb is going to explode!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ha'w ji hagwin yin loot , yukw dim xhluxwd=is !
Glosses: don’t IRR toward go-2SG.II OBL-3.II   explode-3.II=QUDD
Translation: Don’t go near it, it’s going to explode!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Oo nee , yukw=hl dim saa gost !
Glosses: oh NEG =CN  away jump-3.II
Translation: Oh no, he’s going to jump!’ CHOSEN
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw=hl dim neksi'y !
Glosses: =CN  marry-1SG.II
Translation: I’m going to get married!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Dim neksi'y !
Glosses:  marry-1SG.II
Translation: I will get married!’ Consultant’s comment: “She could be so excited she forgot some words [i.e., she forgot yukw].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Gilbil=hl ganuutxw=hl hli=daa=t mahli=s Diana dim wil yeet goo=hl Winnipeg ji hlaa (am) k'i'y=hl ganuutxw .
Glosses: two=CN week=CN PRT=SPT=3.I tell-T=PN Diana  COMP go-3.II LOC=CN Winnipeg IRR PROX (only) one=CN week
Translation: Diana said two weeks ago that she would go to Winnipeg after one week.’ (Rullmann and Matthewson 2018: 292; adapted from Jóhannsdóttir & Matthewson 2007)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mahldis Aidan loo'y yukw dim iijam anaaxt .
Glosses: tell-T-TR=PN Aidan OBL-1SG.II   fry-ATTR bread-3.II
Translation: Aidan told me that he was going to cook fried bread.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Da'ahlxwi=s Henry #(dim) jamt .
Glosses: -TR=PN Henry #() cook-3.II
Translation: Henry is able to cook.’ / ‘Henry was able to cook.’ (Matthewson 2013: 371)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw (hli)22 dim mehli=s Hector=hl wila wilt dis wil=hl kwʹitxw=s Michael .
Glosses:  (HYP)  tell-T.PN Hector=CN MANR LVB-3.II TIME LVB.CN arrive=PN Michael
Translation: Hector was going to tell a story when Michael showed up.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dim ḵ'otsdi'y=hl g̱esin .
Glosses:  cut-T-TR-1SG.II=CN hair-2SG.II
Translation: I’ll cut your hair.’ Consultant’s comment: “It’ll either be right now, or in the future.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hlaa dim=in ḵ'ots=hl g̱esin .
Glosses:  =1SG.I cut=CN hair-2SG.II
Translation: I’m about to cut your hair.’ Consultant’s comment: “Means five minutes, ten minutes, I’m gonna cut your hair.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nem=dii di~t’aa ji hlaa bekwsi'm , yukw dim (*yukw) ixw'y .
Glosses: NEG+FUT=FOC DUR~sit IRR PROX arrive-2PL.II   ( fish-1SG.II
Translation: I won’t be home when you guys get here, I’m going to be fishing.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw dim bax̱t .
Glosses:   run-3.II
Translation: He’s going to run.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Dim yukw bax̱t .
Glosses:   run-3.II
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw dim yukw limx=hl get wil ts'inin .
Glosses:    sing=CN man COMP enter-2SG.II
Translation: The man is going to be singing when you go in.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw dim yukw=hl limx=hl get , ji hlaa ts'inin .
Glosses:   =CN sing=CN man IRR PROX enter-2SG.II
Translation: People will be singing when you come in.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yukw dim limx=hl get , ji hlaa ts'inin .
Glosses:   sing=CN man IRR PROX enter-2SG.II
Translation: People will sing when you come in.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kalam poʈʈum
Glosses: pot.NOM break-FUT
Translation: The pot will break.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋan kalam poʈʈikkum
Glosses: he.NOM pot.ACC break.FUT
Translation: He will break the pot.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ammu paaɖi
Glosses: Ammu.NOM sing-PST
Translation: Ammu sang.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: cinnu ammuʋine paaɖiccu
Glosses: Chinnu.NOM Ammu-ACC sing.PST
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: keʈʈiɖaŋŋaɭ uɳɖaayi
Glosses: buildings.NOM become-PST
Translation: Buildings came to be built.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: haɾi keʈʈiɖaŋŋaɭ uɳɖaakki
Glosses: Hari.NOM buildings.ACC make-PST
Translation: Hari built buildings.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hanagan hirkid oto
Glosses: the-musician danced him
Translation: The musician made him dance.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ie ga tatta
Glosses: house NOM build-PST
Translation: The house came to be built.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Bill ga ie o tateta
Glosses: Bill NOM house ACC build-PST
Translation: Bill built a house.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n̪akʂat̪raŋŋaɭ t̪uuŋŋi
Glosses: stars.NOM hang-PST
Translation: (There were) stars hung.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋan n̪akʂatram t̪uukki
Glosses: he.NOM star.ACC hang-PST
Translation: He hung the star.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi ammaye koɳɖɨ n̪akʂatram t̪uukkiccu
Glosses: child.NOM mother-ACC with star.ACC make hang.PST
Translation: The child made the mother hang the star.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋar aʋaɭe koɳɖɨ muttam t̪uuppiccu
Glosses: they.NOM she-ACC with courtyard.ACC make sweep.PST
Translation: They made her sweep the courtyard.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ʋiɭakkɨ minni
Glosses: lamp.NOM strobe-PST
Translation: The lamp strobed.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ammu paaʈʈɨ paaɖi
Glosses: Ammu.NOM song.ACC sing-PST
Translation: Ammu sang a song.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ceecci n̪ookki*iɾiccappam oɾu kaɖeelɨ oɾu kokkine kaɳɖu (A , 2;5 .16)
Glosses: ceecci n̪ookk-i-iɾin̪n̪-appam oɾu kaɖ-eelɨ oɾu kokkin-e kaɳɖu [expected form]
Translation: sister.NOM look-PTCP-sit.PST-ADV one shop-LOC one crane-ACC see.PST ‘When sister looked, she saw a crane.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuɖukka poʈʈi
Glosses: piggy bank.NOM break-PST
Translation: The piggy bank broke.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi [ammaye koɳɖɨ] kuɖukka poʈʈippiccu
Glosses: child.NOM [mother-ACC with] piggy bank.ACC break.PST
Translation: The child made the mother break the piggy bank.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: akʂaɾaŋŋaɭ maayun̪n̪u
Glosses: letters.NOM fade-PRS.PROG
Translation: Letters are fading.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi akʂaɾaŋŋaɭ maaykkun̪n̪u
Glosses: child.NOM letters.ACC erase-PRS.PROG
Translation: The child is erasing the letters.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kaal t̪enni
Glosses: leg.NOM slip-PST
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kat̪akɨ anaŋŋi
Glosses: door.NOM move-PST
Translation: The door moved.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: puucca ooɖi
Glosses: cat.NOM run-PST
Translation: The cat ran.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi kaari
Glosses: child.NOM screech-PST
Translation: The child screeched.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ammu saikkaɭ t̪aɭɭi
Glosses: Ammu.NOM cycle.ACC push-PST
Translation: Ammu pushed the cycle.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi bukkɨ kiiri
Glosses: child.NOM book.ACC tear-PST
Translation: The child tore the book.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maɻa peid̪u
Glosses: rain.NOM cascade-PST
Translation: It rained.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mukkuʋan ʋala n̪ei̪du
Glosses: fisherman.NOM net.ACC weave-PST
Translation: The fisherman wove the net.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi maɾam n̪aʈʈu
Glosses: child.NOM tree.ACC plant-PST
Translation: The child planted the tree.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ammu ceɖikaɭ n̪anaccu
Glosses: Ammu.NOM plant-PL.ACC water.PST
Translation: Ammu watered the plants.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: cinnu [ammuʋine koɳɖɨ] ceɖikaɭ n̪anappiccu
Glosses: Chinnu.NOM [Ammu-ACC with] plant-PL.ACC make water.PST
Translation: Chinnu made Ammu water the plants.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: puucca eliye kaɖiccu
Glosses: cat.NOM rat-ACC bite.PST
Translation: The cat bit the mouse.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maɻa ʋaɳɖikaɭe t̪enniccu
Glosses: rain.NOM vehicle-PL-ACC make slip.PST
Translation: Rain caused the vehicles to slip.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: amma [kuʈʈiye koɳɖɨ] kaakkaye ooɖiccu
Glosses: mother.NOM [child-ACC with] crow-ACC chase.PST
Translation: The mother made the child chase away the crow.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maayaaʋi [kuʈʈuusane koɳɖɨ] kuppi t̪urappiccu
Glosses: Mayavi.NOM [Kuttusan-ACC with] bottle.ACC make open.PST
Translation: Mayavi made Kuttusan open the bottle.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ceɖikaɭ n̪anaɲɲu
Glosses: plant-PL.NOM get wet.PST
Translation: The plants got wet.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi uraŋŋi
Glosses: child.NOM sleep-PST
Translation: The child slept.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: amma kuʈʈiye urakki
Glosses: mother.NOM child-ACC sleep-PST
Translation: The mother made the child to sleep.’ (Lit. ‘The mother slept the child.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: paal kuruki
Glosses: milk.NOM thicken-PST
Translation: The milk thickened.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋan paal kurukki
Glosses: he.NOM milk.ACC thicken-PST
Translation: He thickened the milk.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: miiɾa paʈʈiye n̪aɖat̪t̪i
Glosses: miiɾa.NOM child-ACC walk-PST
Translation: Meera walked the dog.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: man̪t̪ri pat̪aaka uyart̪t̪i
Glosses: minister.NOM flag.ACC raise-PST
Translation: The minister raised the flag.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aaɭugaɭ aanaye n̪aɖat̪t̪iccu
Glosses: person-PL.NOM elephant-ACC make walk.PST
Translation: People made the elephant walk.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɖaakini [maayaaʋiye koɳɖɨ] ʋimaanam parat̪t̪iccu
Glosses: Dakini.NOM [Mayavi-ACC with] aeroplane.ACC make fly.PST
Translation: Dakini made Mayavi fly the plane.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi [ammaye koɳɖɨ] paal aatticcu
Glosses: child.NOM [mother-ACC with] milk.ACC make cool.PST
Translation: The child made the mother cool the milk.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kappal muŋŋi
Glosses: ship.NOM sink-PST
Translation: The ship sank.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋan kappal mukki
Glosses: he.NOM ship.ACC sink-PST
Translation: He sunk the ship.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋar [aʋane koɳɖɨ] kappal mukkiccu
Glosses: they.NOM [he-ACC with] ship.ACC make sink.PST
Translation: They made him sink the ship.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋar [aʋane koɳɖɨ] maaʋɨ aɾappiccu
Glosses: they.NOM [he-ACC with] batter.ACC make blend.PST
Translation: They made him blend the batter.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋan maɾam ʋiiɻt̪t̪i
Glosses: he.NOM tree.ACC fell-PST
Translation: He felled the tree.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋan paʈʈam parat̪t̪i
Glosses: he.NOM kite.ACC fly-PST
Translation: He flew the kite.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi cakram t̪iɾikkun̪n̪u
Glosses: child.NOM wheel.ACC spin-PRS.PROG
Translation: The child is spinning the wheel.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kaattɨ cakram t̪iɾiyikkun̪n̪u
Glosses: wind.NOM wheel.ACC spin-PRS.PROG
Translation: Wind makes the wheel spin.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kuʈʈi ammaye koɳɖɨ cakram t̪iɾippikkun̪n̪u
Glosses: child.NOM mother-ACC with wheel.ACC spin-PRS.PROG
Translation: The child is making the mother spin the wheel.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n̪eruppu aɳayn̪d̪ad̪u
Glosses: fire.NOM extinguish-PST-3SG.N
Translation: The fire got extinguished (went out).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: raaman n̪eruppai aɳayt̪t̪aan
Glosses: Rama.NOM fire-ACC extinguish-PST-3SG.M
Translation: Rama extinguished (put out) the fire.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *raaman siit̪aʋaala n̪eruppai aɳayppit̪t̪aan
Glosses: Rama.NOM Sita-INS fire-ACC extinguish-PST-3SG.M
Translation: Ram had Sita extinguish (put out) the fire.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: raaman siit̪aaʋai n̪eruppai aɳaykka ʋeit̪t̪aan
Glosses: Rama.NOM Sita-ACC fire-ACC extinguish make-PST-3SG.M
Translation: Ram made Sita extinguish (put out) the fire.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aʋan [aʋaɭe koɳɖɨ] kaʂʈappeʈʈɨ paaɖiccu
Glosses: he.NOM [she-ACC with] with difficulty make sing.PST
Translation: He made her sing with difficulty.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: amma [kuʈʈiye koɳɖɨ] ʋeegam t̪iitticcu
Glosses: mother.NOM [child-ACC with] quickly make eat.PST
Translation: The mother made the child eat quickly.
Language: Dâw
Transcription: id tonêe [xaay] idẽj rõot
Glosses: 1PL give.birth-PST forest 1PL.BEN far
Translation: Far away, we gave birth in the forest [landscape term].’ (MFM, ailla:254700, 20130723_historia_MFM.wav, 0:40–1:10)
Language: Dâw
Transcription: [taaw wâ’] daad têen ridi’
Glosses: town on write now 3PL.FOC
Translation: Now they are studying in the town (São Gabriel da Cachoeira) [landscape term].’ (NMS, ailla:254700, 20130725_narrativa_NMS.wav, 3:40–3:55)
Language: Dâw
Transcription: id nõx yêtêe’ merecêe merecêe taa , [xeew wâ’]
Glosses: 1PL fall lie.down-PST Mercês Mercês in.front beach on
Translation: We arrived in front of (the city of) Mercês, at the beach [landscape term].’ (JA, MIRJ, daw_28122017_ko_01.wav, 0:20–0:42)
Language: Dâw
Transcription: abʉg xut buy yêt mãr ãayʉ̃ʉy’ [tuu] ✓(rid)
Glosses: and.then man knock.down lie.on.ground REP woman-OBJ ground LOC
Translation: And then, they say, the man knocked the woman down on the ground.’ (DFS, ailla:254700, 20130725_historia_onca_paje_DFS.wav, 3:00–3:20)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Voavohan’ilay vavy ilay varavarana .
Glosses: PV-open-N-DEM girl DEM door
Translation: That door was opened by that girl.’ Verb + EA
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tranon’ilay olona
Glosses: house-N-DEM person
Translation: that person’s house’ Possessee + Possessor
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: amin’ilay seza
Glosses: PREP-N-DEM chair
Translation: on that chair’ Preposition + Complement
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mihinana ny akondro Rabe
Glosses: AV-PFX-eat DET banana Rabe
Translation: Rabe is eating the banana.’ Verbal predicate
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tany antsena izy .
Glosses: PST.there at-market 3SG.NOM
Translation: She was at the market.’ Prepositional predicate
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Roa ny zanadRasoa .
Glosses: two DET child-Rasoa
Translation: Rasoa has two children.’ (lit. ‘Rasoa’s children are two.’) Weak quant. predicate
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mandidy ny trondro amin’ny antsy ny vavy .
Glosses: AV-PFX-cut DET fish with-DET knife DET girl
Translation: The girl cuts the fish with the knife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mipetraka any Antsirabe ny vehivavy .
Glosses: AV-PFX-live there Antsirabe DET woman
Translation: The woman lives in Antsirabe.’ (Pearson 2005)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ataon’ilay vehivavy ny fiomanana .
Glosses: PV-make-N-DEM woman DET preparation
Translation: The preparations are being made by that woman.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Didia(n)n’ilay vavy amin’ny antsy ny trondro .
Glosses: cut-PV-N-DEM girl with-DET knife DET fish
Translation: The fish is cut by that girl with the knife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Voavohan’ilay vavy ny varavarana .
Glosses: PV-open-N-DEM girl DET door
Translation: The door was opened by that girl.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nametraha(n)n’ilay vavy ny boky ny latabatra .
Glosses: PST-PFX-put-CV-N-DEM girl DET book DET table
Translation: The books were put on the table by that girl.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nohanin’ny gidro haingana ny voankazo omaly .
Glosses: PST.PV.eat-DET lemur quickly DET fruit yesterday
Translation: The fruit was eaten by the lemur quickly yesterday.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nijinja antsirambina ny vary ny mpamboly .
Glosses: PST.AV.cut carelessly DET rice DET farmer
Translation: The farmer harvested the rice carelessly.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mandidy ny trondro amin’ny antsy ilay vavy .
Glosses: AV-PFX-cut DET fish with-DET knife DEM girl
Translation: That girl cuts the fish with the knife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Voadidin’ilay vavy amin’ny antsy ny trondro .
Glosses: VOA-cut-N-DEM girl with-DET knife DET fish
Translation: The fish was cut by that girl with the knife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Andidia(n)n’ilay vavy ny trondro ny antsy .
Glosses: PFX-cut-CV-N-DEM girl DET fish DET knife
Translation: The knife is used by that girl to cut the fish.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Mandidin’ny trondro amin’ny antsy ilay vavy .
Glosses: AV-PFX-cut-n-DET fish with-DET knife DEM girl
Translation: Intended: ‘That girl cuts the fish with the knife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Voadidy ilay vavy amin’ny antsy ny trondro .
Glosses: vOA-cut DEM girl with-DET knife DET fish
Translation: Intended: ‘The fish was cut by that girl with the knife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Andidiana ilay vavy ny trondro ny antsy .
Glosses: PFX-cut-CV DEM girl DET fish DET knife
Translation: Intended: ‘The knife is used by that girl to cut the fish.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Voadidy ny trondro .
Glosses: PV-cut DET fish
Translation: The fish was cut.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Voadidy amin’ny antsy ny trondro .
Glosses: PV-cut PREP-DET knife DET fish
Translation: The fish was cut with the knife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maintin’ny molaly
Glosses: black-N-DET soot
Translation: blackened by (the) soot’ (Paul 1996)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: alohany
Glosses: in.front-3SG.GEN
Translation: in front of him/her
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: alohan’ilay fiara
Glosses: in.front-N-DEM car
Translation: in front of that car
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mandidy ny trondro ny vavy .
Glosses: AV-PFX-cut DET fish DET girl
Translation: The girl cuts the fish.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Didia(n)n’ny vavy ny trondro .
Glosses: cut-PV-N-DET girl DET fish
Translation: The fish is cut by the girl.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Iza no mamono ny akoho amin’ny antsy ?
Glosses: who FOC AV.kill DET chicken PREP-DET knife
Translation: Who is killing the chickens with the knife?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Inona no vonoin’ny mpamboly amin’ny antsy ?
Glosses: what FOC PV.kill-DET farmer PREP-DET knife
Translation: What is the farmer killing with the knife?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Inona no amonoan’ny mpamboly ny akoho ?
Glosses: what FOC CV.kill-DET farmer DET chicken
Translation: What is the farmer killing the chicken with?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Inona no mamono amin’ny antsy ny mpamboly ?
Glosses: what FOC AV.kill with-DET knife DET farmer
Translation: Intended: ‘What is the farmer killing with the knife?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: aminilay seza
Glosses: PREP-N-DEM chair
Translation: on that chair’ (Pearson 2005)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: alohan’ny fiara
Glosses: in.front-N-DET car
Translation: in front of the car
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Novangiany ny ankizy .
Glosses: PST.PV.visit-3GEN DET children
Translation: The children were visited by him/her/them.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ny tranony
Glosses: DET house-3GEN
Translation: his/her/their house
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nojereny tany antokotany i Koto .
Glosses: PST.PV.watch-3GEN there garden DET Koto
Translation: He/she/they watched Koto in the garden.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hitan’izaho sy ny zaza tany antokotany i Koto .
Glosses: PST.PV.see-N-1NOM and DET child there garden DET Koto
Translation: I and the child watched Koto in the garden.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Jeren’ianao irery ilay alika .
Glosses: PRS.PV-N-2NOM alone DEM dog
Translation: This dog is being watched by you alone.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nojeren’izy mivady tany antokotany i Koto .
Glosses: PST.PV.watch-N-3NOM AV.married there garden DET Koto
Translation: They, the married couple, watched Koto in the garden.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Nojereko sy ny zaza tany antokotany i Koto .
Glosses: PST.PV.watch-1GEN and DET child there garden DET Koto
Translation: Intended: ‘I and the child watched Koto in the garden.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Nojereny sy ny zaza tany antokotany i Koto .
Glosses: PST.PV.watch-3GEN and DET child there garden DET Koto
Translation: He/she and the child watched Koto in the garden.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nojerenareo sy ny zaza tany antokotany i Koto .
Glosses: PST.PV.watch-2PL.GEN and DET child there garden DET Koto
Translation: You all and the child watched Koto in the garden.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: novidindRabe
Glosses: PST.PV-buy-N-Rabe
Translation: bought by Rabe
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: amindRabe
Glosses: PREP-N-Rabe
Translation: with Rabe
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ambimbava
Glosses: excess-N-mouth
Translation: a surplus of food
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: lambambaravarana
Glosses: cloth-N-window/door
Translation: curtain
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: feonkira
Glosses: sound-N-song
Translation: melody
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tranonkala
Glosses: house-N-spider
Translation: spider-web
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mandídy ny trondro aho .
Glosses: AV-PFX-cut DET fish 1NOM
Translation: I cut the fish.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Didíana ny trondro .
Glosses: cut-PV DET fish
Translation: The fish is cut.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: DEF → n / V_
Glosses:   -ə / C_
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɑχ .t͡ʃiɡn=u də .ʁɑn
Glosses: girl-DEF=and boy-DEF
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɑχ .t͡ʃi .ɡə u də .ʁɑn
Glosses: girl-DEF and boy-DEF
Translation: The girl and the boy.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɡu .mɑɾn ɑ .rɑ
Glosses: amount-DEF bought.PST1SG
Translation: I bought the amount.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɡu .mɑ .ɾə ɑ .rɑ
Glosses: amount-DEF bought.PST1SG
Translation: I BOUGHT the amount.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a . Western: ALIGNFOC , ALIGN >> ONSET
Glosses: b . Eastern: ALIGN.FOC >> ONSET >> ALIGN
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: iŋkʰ n =e
Glosses: him -DEF =is
Translation: It is him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: iŋkʰ n/ən =e
Glosses: him -DEF =is
Translation: It is HIM.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɡevoɾkʰə ɑtɑmn uni
Glosses: Gevork-DEF tooth-DEF has.PRS1SG
Translation: Gevork has the tooth.
Language: French
Transcription: Grâce à la mode du catsitting , les chats se font plus facilement garder .
Glosses: thanks to the trend of cat-sitting, the cats REFL make more easily keep
Translation: Thanks to the trend of cat-sitting, it is easier to have your cats kept.
Language: French
Transcription: À qui estce que ce film est facile à montrer ?
Glosses: to who is it that this film is easy to show
Translation: Who is this film easy to show to?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: La soirée s’annonçait sinistre , mais , grâce à ce bouteentrain de Gaston , la glace a été facile à briser .
Glosses: the evening promised to be sinister but thanks to this jolly fellow of Gaston the ice has been easy to break
Translation: The evening promised to be dreadful, but thanks to that jolly fellow Gaston the ice was easy to break.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Hanakoga hashittaka ?
Glosses: Hanako-NOM ran-KA
Translation: Did Hanako ran?
Language: Finnish
Transcription: Lähtikö Mari ?
Glosses: left-PolQP Mari
Translation: Did Mari leave?