lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: asii/ona-ne billii paalii e
Glosses: 1PL.OBL/3PL.OBL-ERG cat.F.SG raise.PFV.F.SG be.PRS.3SG
Translation: We/they have raised a cat.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: asii oss billii-nuu paaleyaa e
Glosses: 1PL.OBL that cat.F.SG-DOM raise.PFV.M.SG be.PRS.3SG
Translation: We raised that cat.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *asii/tusii billii paalde je
Glosses: 1PL.NOM/2PL.NOM cat.F.SG raise.HAB.M.PL ALLOC.PL
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: o billii paaldaa je
Glosses: 3SG.NOM cat.F.SG raise.HAB.M.SG ALLOC.PL
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: asii/ona-ne billii paalii je
Glosses: 1PL.OBL/3PL.OBL-ERG cat.F.SG raise.PFV.F.SG ALLOC.PL
Translation: We/they raise cats.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: asii oss billii-nuu paaleyaa je
Glosses: 1PL.OBL that cat.F.SG-DOM raise.PFV.M.SG ALLOC.PL
Translation: We raised that cat.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *asii/tusii billii paalde saaN/so je
Glosses: 1PL.NOM/2PL.NOM cat.F.SG raise.HAB.M.PL be.PST.1PL/2PL ALLOC.PL
Translation: We/you used to raise cats.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: o billii paaldaa (*e) je
Glosses: 3SG.NOM cat.F.SG raise.HAB.M.SG be.PRS.3SG ALLOC.PL
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: o billii paaldaa sii je
Glosses: 3SG.NOM cat.F.SG raise.HAB.M.SG be.PST.3SG ALLOC.PL
Translation: He used to raise cats.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maiN-nuu vekhyaa suu/e
Glosses: 1SG.DOM see.PFV.M.SG 3SG.CL/be.PRS.3SG
Translation: S/he saw me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan roz vekhdaa suu/e
Glosses: Karan.NOM everyday see.HAB.M.SG 3SG.CL/be.PRS.3SG
Translation: Karan sees him/her everyday.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maiN/tuu vekhdaa aaN/eN/*suu
Glosses: 1SG.NOM/2SG.NOM see.HAB.M.SG be.PRS.1SG/be.PRS.2SG/*3SG.CL
Translation: I/you see him/her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maiN/tuu o-nuu vekhdaa aaN/eN
Glosses: 1SG.NOM/2SG.NOM 3SG.DOM see.HAB.M.SG be.PRS.1SG/be.PRS.2SG
Translation: I/you saw him/her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne o-nuu vekhyaa e/*suu
Glosses: Karan-ERG 3SG.DOM see.PFV.M.SG be.PRS.3SG/3SG.CL
Translation: Karan saw him/her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #karan-ne toR dittaa suu
Glosses: Karan-ERG break give.PFV.M.SG 3SG.CL
Translation: Karan has broken it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne maareyaa suu
Glosses: Karan-ERG hit.PFV.M.SG 3SG.CL
Translation: Karan has hit her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne muurtiyaaN/billiyaaN vekhiyaaN ne
Glosses: Karan-ERG statue.F.PL/cat.F.PL see.PFV.F.PL be.PRS.3PL
Translation: Karan has seen the statues/cats.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne ki-nuu maareyaa
Glosses: Karan-ERG who-DOM hit.PFV.M.SG
Translation: Who did Karan hit?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: (o-nuu) karan-ne (o-nuu) maareyaa (o-nuu)
Glosses: 3SG.DOM Karan-ERG 3SG.DOM hit.PFV.M.SG 3SG.DOM
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: (*suu) karan-ne (*suu) maareyaa suu
Glosses: 3SG.CL Karan-ERG 3SG.CL hit.PFV.M.SG 3SG.CL
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne maiN-*(nuu)/tai-*(nuu) vekhyaa
Glosses: Karan-ERG 1SG-DOM/2SG-DOM see.PFV.M.SG
Translation: Karan saw me/you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne miraa-*(nuu)/apneaap-*(nuu) vekhyaa
Glosses: Karan-ERG Mira-DOM/self-DOM see.PFV.M.SG
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne o-nuu maareyaa
Glosses: Karan-ERG 3SG.DOM hit.PFV.M.SG
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne kuRii-nuu/kuRii vekhyaa/vekhii
Glosses: Karan-ERG girl-DOM/girl see.PFV.M.SG/F.SG
Translation: Karan saw the girl/a girl.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne miitaa-nuu kitaab dittii
Glosses: Karan-ERG Mita-DAT book.F.SG give.PFV.F.SG
Translation: Karan gave the book to Mita.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne maiN-nuu merii maa-nuu dittaa
Glosses: Karan-ERG 1SG.DOM my mother-DAT give.PFV.M.SG
Translation: Karan gave me to my mother’, but not ‘Karan gave my mother to me.
Language: Korean
Transcription: Kamki keli-si-ess-unikka swui-si-eyo
Glosses: cold catch-HON.PST-since rest-HON-IMP.POL
Translation: Since you have a cold, rest!
Language: Korean
Transcription: Na-lul 1SG .ACC
Glosses: follow-come-IMP ttala-o-la ! 
Translation: Follow me!’ (Rally cry)
Language: Korean
Transcription: Na-lul ttala-o-#la/ala !
Glosses: 1SG.ACC follow-come-IMP
Translation: Follow me!’ (Specific student-teacher interaction)
Language: Korean
Transcription: Yumi-ka Inho-hanthey [choysen-ul ta ha-la/*ela-ko] malha-ess-ta
Glosses: Yumi-NOM Inho-to best-ACC all do-IMP.COMP say-PST-DEC.PLAIN
Translation: Yumi told Inho to do his best.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan-ne keyaa ki mira kal aayegii je
Glosses: Karan-ERG say.PFV.M.SG that Mira tomorrow come.FUT.F.SG ALLOC.PL
Translation: Karan said that Mira will come tomorrow.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kidde-naal karan-ne keyaa ki [mira aayegii je]
Glosses: who.GEN-with Karan-ERG say.PFV.M.SG that Mira come.FUT.F.SG ALLOC.PL
Translation: With whom did Karan say that Mira will come?
Language: French
Transcription: Vous êtes/*es loyal
Glosses: 2PL be.2PL/be.2SG loyal.M.SG
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: saare jaa-o/jaayaa je
Glosses: all go-IMP.2PL/go ALLOC.PL
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tuu kii kar reyaa eN
Glosses: 2SG.NOM what do PROG.M.SG be.PRS.2SG
Translation: What are you doing?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: roTTii khaa reyaa aaN
Glosses: bread.F.SG eat PROG.M.SG be.PRS.1SG
Translation: I am eating the bread.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tuu kii kittaa sii
Glosses: 2SG.OBL what do.PFV.M.SG be.PST.3SG
Translation: What did you do?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: roTTii khaadii sii
Glosses: bread.F.SG eat.PFV.F.SG be.PST.3SG
Translation: I ate the bread.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ye] bhi meri tarah haiN . jahaaN pro dana dekha , udhar pro gaye or pet bhar kar pro uR gaye
Glosses: 3PL.NOM also 1SG.GEN.F.SG like be.PRS.3PL where pro seed.M.SG.ACC see.PFV.M.SG there pro go.PFV.M.PL and stomach fill having pro rise go.PFV.M.PL
Translation: They (topic) are also like me. Where (they cont.topic) see a seed, there (they cont.topic) go and having filled (their) stomach, (they cont.topic) fly away.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: jaa-o/jaayaa je
Glosses: go-IMP.2PL/go ALLOC.PL
Translation: Go!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #ae sac nayii e
Glosses: this truth NEG be.PRS.3SG
Translation: This is not true.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maiN bajaar jaa-v-aaN-g-aa je
Glosses: 1SG.NOM market go-SUBJ-1SG-FUT-M.SG ALLOC.PL
Translation: I will go to the market.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *tusii bajaar jaa-v-o-g-e je
Glosses: 2PL.NOM market go-SUBJ-2PL-FUT-M.PL ALLOC.PL
Translation: You will go to the market.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maiN baazaar jaa-v-aaN-g-aa (*aaN)
Glosses: 1SG.NOM market go-SUBJ-1SG-FUT-M.SG be.PRS.1SG
Translation: I will go to the market.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: maiN maar-Ø-aaN-g-ii suu
Glosses: 1SG.NOM hit-SUBJ-1SG-FUT-F.SG 3SG.CL
Translation: I will hit him/her.
Language: Magahi
Transcription: Santeeaa Banteeaa-ke kahk-ain ki Ram-ke Sita-se baat karek-e chah-au
Glosses: Santee Bantee-DAT told-ALLOC.HHON that Ram-DAT Sita-INS talk do-INF should-ALLOC.NHON
Translation: Santee told Bantee that Ram should talk to Sita (said to a teacher).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: karan twaaDe-naal/*tere-naal bajaar gayaa sii je
Glosses: Karan.NOM 2PL.GEN-with/2SG.GEN-with market go.PFV.M.SG be.PST.3SG ALLOC.PL
Translation: Karan went to the market with you.
Language: Korean
Transcription: Ne-na cal ha-si-eyo
Glosses: you-na well do-HON-DEC.POL
Translation: Mind your own business.’ (Lit: ‘YOU do well.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: weil in seinem Traum im Mittelalter in Europa alle Frauen schön beautiful
Glosses: because in his dream in.the Middle.Ages in Europe all women waren were
Translation: [… ] because in his dream in the Middle Ages in Europe all women were beautiful.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Thorolf hat Bier gekauft .
Glosses: Thorolf has beer bought
Translation: Thorolf bought beer.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Wein] hat Thorolf gekauft , nicht Bier .
Glosses: wine has Thorolf bought not beer
Translation: Thorolf bought wine, not beer.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Chiara hat ein neues Auto gekauft .
Glosses: Chiara has a new car bought
Translation: Chiara bought a new car.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [EIN NEUES AUTO] hat sie gekauft !? Ich dachte , sie wollte ein neues Fahrrad kaufen !
Glosses: A new car has she bought I thought she wanted a new bike buy
Translation: She bought a new car? I thought she was going to buy a new bike!
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Dugar [ mi:sgɘi zagaha ɘdj-ɘ: /ɘdi-xɘ gɘžɘ] han-a:
Glosses: Dugar  cat.NOM fish eat-PST /eat-POT COMP think-PST
Translation: Dugar thought that a cat ate / will eat the fish.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Dugar [mi:sgɘi zagaha ɘdj-ɘ: gɘžɘ] han-a: xarin mi:sgɘi zagaha ɘdj-ɘ:-güi
Glosses: Dugar cat.NOM fish eat-PST COMP think-PST but cat fish eat-PST-NEG
Translation: Dugar thought that a cat ate the fish, but a cat didn’t eat the fish.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Dugar [ mi:sgɘi-n zagaha ɘdj-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ-n’] han-a:
Glosses: Dugar.NOM  cat-GEN fish eat-PART-ACC-3 think-PST
Translation: Dugar remembered a cat’s eating the fish.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #Dugar [mi:sgɘi-n zagaha ɘdj-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ-n’] han-a: xarin mi:sgɘi zagaha ɘdj-ɘ:-güi
Glosses: Dugar cat-GEN fish eat-PART-ACC-3 think-PST but cat fish eat-PST-NEG
Translation: #‘Dugar remembered a cat’s eating the fish, but a cat didn’t eat the fish.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Bi Badma tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ: gü gɘžɘ mɘdɘ-nɘ-güi-b…
Glosses: 1SG.NOM Badma.NOM cart break-PST Q COMP know-PRS-NEG-1SG
Translation: I don’t know whether Badma broke the cart…
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: # …(xarin) Sajana [Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ] han-a:
Glosses: (but) Sajana.NOM Badma-GEN cart break-PART-ACC think-PST
Translation: # ‘…(but) Sajana remembered that Badma broke the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: …(xarin) Sajana [Badma tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ: gɘžɘ] han-a:
Glosses: (but) Sajana.NOM Badma.NOM cart break-PST COMP think-PST
Translation: …(but) Sajana thought that Badma broke the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Garag-ai xojor-to Sajana [Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ-n’] han-a:
Glosses: day-GEN two-DAT Sajana.NOM Badma-GEN cart break-PART-ACC-3 think-PST
Translation: On Tuesday Sajana remembered Badma’s breaking the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Badma tɘrgɘ garag-ai nɘgɘn-dɘ ɘmdɘlɘ-ʒɘ ɘxil-ɘ:
Glosses: Badma.NOM cart day-GEN one-DAT break-CVB begin-PST
Translation: Badma began to break the cart on Monday.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #Badma tɘrgɘ garag-ai gurban-da ɘmdɘlɘ-ʒɘ ɘxil-ɘ:
Glosses: Badma.NOM cart day-GEN three-DAT break-CVB begin-PST
Translation: Badma began to break the cart on Wednesday.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sɘsɘg gar-ga-x-a: bai-ga:n üxibü-jɘ: han-a:
Glosses: Seseg go.out-CAUS-POT-REFL be-PFCT child-ACC.REFL think-PST
Translation: Seseg remembered her future child.’ (lit. ‘her child that will be caused to go out of her’)
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #Badma naiman tarxi-tai mi:sgɘi-(ɘ) hana-na
Glosses: Badma eight head-COM cat-(ACC) think-PRS
Translation: # ‘Badma is remembering an eight-headed cat.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Badm-ain tarxi so: naiman tarxi-tai mi:sgɘi or-o:
Glosses: Badma-GEN head in eight head-COM cat come-PST
Translation: Badma thought of an eight-headed cat.’ (lit. ‘An eight-headed cat came into Badma’s head.’)
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sɘsɘg gar-ga-x-a: bai-ga:n üxibü-n tuxai-ga: hana-na
Glosses: Seseg go.out-CAUS-POT-REFL be-PFCT child-NOM about-ACC.REFL think-PRS
Translation: Seseg is thinking about her future child.’ ✓ Context: Seseg is not pregnant.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: ?Badma naiman tarxi-tai mi:sgɘi tuxai hana-na
Glosses: Badma eight head-COM cat about think-PRS
Translation: Badma is thinking about an eight-headed cat.’ ✓ Context: Badma is imagining a non-existing magical animal.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana Badm-i:jɘ han-a:
Glosses: Sajana.NOM Badma-ACC think-PST
Translation: Sajana remembered Badma.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Ojuna [Sajan-i:n du: du:la-ʒa bai-x-i:jɘ] hana-na
Glosses: Ojuna Sajana-GEN song sing-CVB be-POT-ACC think-PRS
Translation: Ojuna is remembering that Sajana is singing a song.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Üsɘgɘldɘr Sɘlmɘg Badm-i:n hain xüdɘl-dɘg-i:jɘ türü:∫ɘnxijɘ: han-a:
Glosses: yesterday Selmeg Badma-GEN well work-HAB-ACC for.the.first.time think-PST
Translation: Yesterday Selmeg thought for the first time of Badma working well.’ ✓ Context A: We have all known for a long time that Badma works very well. Selmeg, however, didn’t have any thoughts on whether Badma worked well until yesterday. Comment: ‘Ojlgoxo ‘understand, sense’ is better fit for this context, but hanaxa is acceptable too.’9 # Context B: We don’t know if Badma works well. Selmeg didn’t have any thoughts on whether Badma worked well until yesterday.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Ju: honin ? Ju: xɘ-x-ɘ: bai-na-∫?
Glosses: what news what do-POT-REFL be-PRS-2SG
Translation: How are you? What are you planning to do?
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ-n’ han-a:-b . Tɘrgɘ zaha-lsa-x-u: ali ügi:-g hur-a:d jɘrɘ-xɘ-m
Glosses: Badma-GEN cart break-PART-ACC-3 think-PST-1SG cart fix-SOC-POT-Q DISJ no-Q ask-CVB2 go-POT-1SG
Translation: I remembered that Badma broke a cart. I plan to go ask whether he needs any help to fix it.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Urdanai grɘg-u:d gazar xabtagar gɘžɘ buru: hana-dag bai-ga:
Glosses: former Greek-PL Earth flat COMP wrong think-HAB be-PST
Translation: Ancient Greeks mistakenly thought that the Earth is flat.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Gansa greg-u:d bɘ∫ɘ ! # Dugar gazar-ai xabtagar bai-ga:∫-i:jɘ hana-dag
Glosses: only Greek-PL not  Dugar Earth-GEN flat be-PART-ACC think-HAB
Translation: Intended: ‘Not only Greek people (had this opinion)! Dugar thinks that the Earth is flat.’ Comment: ‘The reply of the second person contradicts what the first one says.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #Bi Badma tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ: gü gɘžɘ mɘdɘ-nɘ-güi-b , Sajana [Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ] hana-na gü ?
Glosses: 1SG.NOM Badma.NOM cart break-PST Q COMP know-PRS-NEG-1SG Sajana.NOM Badma-GEN cart break-PART-ACC think-PRS Q
Translation: Intended: ‘I don’t know whether Badma broke the cart or not. Does Sajana think/remember that Badma broke the cart?
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #[Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ] Sajana han-a:-güi , Badma tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:-güi
Glosses: Badma-GEN cart break-PART-ACC Sajana.NOM think-PST-NEG Badma.NOM cart break-PST-NEG
Translation: Intended: ‘Sajana didn’t think/remember that Badma broke the cart, (and) Badma didn’t break the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana [Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-tɘ-n’] ɘtig-ɘ:, xarin Badma tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:-güi
Glosses: Sajana Badma-GEN cart break-PART-DAT-3 believe-PST but Badma cart break-PST-NEG
Translation: Sajana believed that Badma broke the cart (lit. ‘in Badma’s breaking the cart’), but Badma didn’t break the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana [Sɘsɘg-ɘi xada dɘ:rɘ gar-a:∫a-da] naida-na , xarin Sɘsɘg xada dɘ:rɘ gar-a:-güi
Glosses: Sajana Seseg-GEN mountain up go.to-PART-DAT hope-PRS but Seseg mountain up go.to-PST-NEG
Translation: Sajana hopes that Seseg went up the mountain (lit. ‘in Seseg’s going up the mountain’), but Seseg didn’t go up the mountain.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Darima Sajan-i:n Burjati tuxai du: du:l-a:∫-i:jɘ han-a:, Sɘsɘg Sajan-i:n Burjati tuxai du: du:l-a:∫-i:jɘ han-a:, Narana baha Sajan-i:n Burjati tuxai du: du:l-a:∫-i:jɘ han-a:
Glosses: Darima Sajana-GEN Buryatia about song sing-PART-ACC think-PST Seseg Sajana-GEN Buryatia about song sing-PART-ACC think-PST Narana also Sajana-GEN Buryatia about song sing-PART-ACC think-PST
Translation: Darima remembered Sajana’s singing a song about Buryatia, Seseg remembered Sajana’s singing a song about Buryatia, and Narana also remembered Sajana’s singing a song about Buryatia.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana [ Badm-i:n Xurumxa:n-ha: jɘr-ɘ:d bai-ga:∫-i:jɘ-n’] [ gɘr-tɘ xulgai∫an or-o: gɘžɘ] han-a:
Glosses: Sajana  Badma-GEN Kurumkan-ABL come-CVB2 be-PART-ACC-3  house-DAT burglar go.in-PST COMP think-PST
Translation: Sajana recalled the/an event of Badma returning from Kurumkan, (thinking) that a burglar entered the house.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana [Badma tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ: gɘžɘ] han-a:
Glosses: Sajana.NOM Badma.NOM cart break-PST COMP think-PST
Translation: Sajana thought that Badma broke the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Badma bɘ∫ɘg bɘ∫ɘ-žɘ ɘxil-ɘ:
Glosses: Badma letter write begin-PST
Translation: Badma began to write a letter.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: [Ojuna üxibü: türɘ-žɘ], Badma ɘsɘgɘ bolo-bo
Glosses: Ojuna.NOM child give.birth.to Badma.NOM father become-PST2
Translation: As Ojuna gave birth to a child, Badma became a father.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Üsɘgɘldɘr Badma bɘ∫ɘg bɘ∫ɘ-žɘ ɘxil-ɘ:, ba münödɘr (Badma) baha ti:-žɘ ɘxil-ɘ:
Glosses: yesterday Badma letter write begin-PST and today (Badma) also do.so begin-PST
Translation: Yesterday Badma began to write a letter, and today he also began to do so [= write a letter].
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Badma [Sajana bulj-a: gɘ-žɘ] han-a:, Ojuna baha ti:-žɘ / *ti:-mɘ / *tɘrɘn-i:jɘ han-a:
Glosses: Badma.NOM Sajana.NOM win-PST say think-PST Ojuna.NOM also do.so  do.so-ADJ  that-ACC think-PST
Translation: Badma thought that Sajana won, Ojuna also thought so.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: <Sajana> [ Badma jɘr-ɘ: gɘ-žɘ] <Sajana> mɘdɘ-nɘ
Glosses: Sajana  Badma come-PST say-CVB Sajana know-PRS
Translation: Sajana knows that Badma came.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: <za:bol> Rinčin <za:bol> ajaga <za:bol> uga:-xa
Glosses: certainly Rinchin certainly dishes certainly wash-POT
Translation: Rinchin will certainly wash the dishes.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: *[ Badma tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-hɘn gɘ-žɘ] Sajan-i:jɘ ga:r-u:l-a:
Glosses:  Badma cart break-PFCT say-CVB Sajana-ACC anger-CAUS-PST
Translation: Intended: ‘That Badma broke the cart angered Sajana.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: [ ɘnɘ tɘrgɘ-n] Sajan-i:jɘ ga:r-u:l-a:
Glosses:  this cart-NOM Sajana-ACC anger-CAUS-PST
Translation: This cart angered Sajana.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: [ Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫ɘ-n’] Sajan-i:jɘ ga:r-u:l-a:
Glosses:  Badma-GEN cart break-PART-3.NOM Sajana-ACC anger-CAUS-PST
Translation: That Badma broke the cart angered Sajana.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana [Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ-(n’)] han-a:
Glosses: Sajana.NOM Badma-GEN cart break-PART-ACC-(3) think-PST
Translation: Sajana remembered that Badma broke the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Bi [Dugar-ai Baigal-ha: jɘr-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ] mɘdɘ-nɘ-b
Glosses: 1SG.NOM Dugar-GEN Baikal-ABL come--ACC know-PRS-1SG
Translation: I know that Dugar returned from Baikal.’ ✓ Context A ( Yesterday Dugar returned from Baikal. # Context B ( Dugar is currently on his way here, returning from Baikal. # Context C ( Next week Dugar will return from Baikal.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Badma [Darim-i:n dɘn türgö:r ma∫ina:r jab-a:∫-i:jɘ] hana-na , xarin Badma [ (Darima) dɘn türgö:r ma∫ina:r jab-a: gɘžɘ] hana-na-güi
Glosses: Badma Darima-GEN too.much quickly by.car go-PART-ACC think-PRS but Badma (Darima) too.much quickly by.car go-PST COMP think-PRS-NEG
Translation: Paraphrase: ‘Badma remembers an event of Darima’s driving too quickly, but he doesn’t think that Darima drove too quickly.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Darima [gɘr-tɘ xulgai∫an or-o: gɘžɘ] hana-na , xarin tɘrɘ axa-n’ Xurumxa:n-ha: jɘrɘ-hɘn bai-ga:
Glosses: Darima.NOM house-DAT thief.NOM enter-PST COMP think-PRS but that brother-3.NOM Kurumkan-ABL come-PFCT be-PST
Translation: Darima thinks that a thief entered the house, but it was her brother coming back from Kurumkan.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #Darima [gɘr-tɘ xulgai∫an-ai or-o:∫-i:jɘ] hana-na , xarin tɘrɘ axa-n’ Xurumxa:n-ha: jɘrɘ-hɘn bai-ga:
Glosses: Darima.NOM house-DAT thief-GEN enter-PART-ACC think-PRS but that brother-3.NOM Kurumkan-ABL come-PFCT be-PST
Translation: Intended: ‘Darima thinks that a thief entered the house, but it was her brother coming back from Kurumkan.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana [Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ] han-a:
Glosses: Sajana.NOM Badma-GEN cart break-PART-ACC think-PST
Translation: Sajana remembered Badma’s breaking the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: … ɘnɘ u∫ar gaza: bol-o:
Glosses:  this event outside become-PST
Translation: …This event happened outside.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana aja:r xɘzɘ:-n-hɘ: xoi∫o [Sɘsɘg xada dɘ:rɘ gar-a: gɘžɘ] arsald-a:
Glosses: Sajana long.ago when-NOM-ABL back Seseg.NOM mountain to go-PST COMP argue-PST
Translation: Sajana argued all along that Seseg went up the mountain.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: *Sajana aja:r xɘzɘ:-n-hɘ: xoi∫o [Sɘsɘg-ɘi xada dɘ:rɘ gar-a:∫-i:jɘ] arsald-a:
Glosses: Sajana long.ago when-NOM-ABL back Seseg-GEN mountain to go-PART-ACC argue-PST
Translation: Intended: ‘Sajana argued all along that Seseg went up the mountain.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #Sɘsɘg gar-ga-x-a: bai-ga:n üxibü-jɘ: hana-na
Glosses: Seseg go.out-CAUS-POT-REFL be-PFCT child-ACC.REFL think-PRS
Translation: Seseg remembers her future child.’ (lit. ‘her child that will be caused to go out of her’)
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana Dugar-ha: Badm-i:n tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ du:l-a:
Glosses: Sajana Dugar-ABL Badma-GEN cart break-PART-ACC hear-PST
Translation: Sajana heard from Dugar about Badma’s breaking the cart.’ ✓ Context A: Badma broke the cart, and Dugar told Sajana about it. # Context B: Badma didn’t break the cart. Dugar lied to Sajana that he did.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: # … xarin Badma tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ:-güi
Glosses:  but Badma cart break-PST-NEG
Translation: But Badma didn’t break the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana Sɘsɘg-ɘi xada dɘ:rɘ gar-a:∫-i:jɘ xɘl-ɘ:
Glosses: Sajana Seseg-GEN mountain to go-PART-ACC say-PST
Translation: Sajana said (something) about Seseg’s going up the mountain.’ ✓ Context A: Seseg went up the mountain. # Context B: Seseg didn’t go up the mountain.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #… xarin Sɘsɘg xada dɘ:rɘ gar-a:-güi
Glosses:  but Seseg mountain to go-PST-NEG
Translation: But Seseg didn’t go up the mountain.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: [Badma üstɘr nom un∫-a: g-ɘ:∫ɘ] buru:
Glosses: Badma yesterday book read-PST say false
Translation: That Badma read a book yesterday is false.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Dugar [mi:sgɘi-n zagaha ɘdj-ɘ: g-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ] han-a:, xarin mi:sgɘi zagaha ɘdj-ɘ:-güi
Glosses: Dugar cat-GEN fish eat-PST say-PART-ACC think-PST but cat fish eat-PST-NEG
Translation: Dugar remembered (the claim) that the cat ate the fish, but the cat didn’t eat the fish.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #Mi:sgɘi zagaha ɘdj-ɘ: gɘ-žɘ xɘn-∫jɘ xɘzɘ:-∫jɘ han-a:-güi , (xarin) dugar [mi:sgɘi-n zagaha ɘdj-ɘ: g-ɘ:∫-i:jɘ] han-a:
Glosses: cat fish eat-PST say-CVB who-PTCL when-PTCL think-PST-NEG (but) Dugar cat-GEN fish eat-PST say-PART-ACC think-PST
Translation: # ‘Noone has ever thought that the cat ate the fish, (but) Dugar remembered (the claim) that the cat ate the fish.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Bi jɘxɘ bolo-xo-d-o:, tomo gɘr aba-xa-b
Glosses: 1SG.NOM big become-POT-DAT-REFL huge house buy--1SG
Translation: When I will grow up, I will buy a huge house.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Tɘ:d-∫jɘ , ∫i ü∫ö: baga-∫, bu: ürgɘl-xɘ-∫ni ü∫ö: üdi:
Glosses: but-PTCL you still little-2SG, gun lift-POT-2SG still NEG
Translation: Moreover, you are still little, you still can’t lift a gun.’ (Skribnik & Darzhaeva 2016: 201)
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Badm-ain gurban buti:lka hü aba-x-i:jɘ hana-n-u:-∫?
Glosses: Badma-GEN three bottle milk buy-POT-ACC think-PRS-Q-2SG
Translation: Do you remember Badma’s buying three bottles of milk?’ ✓ Context A: Some time ago Badma bought three bottles of milk. ✓ Context B: Someone is making a list of things to buy, and I see them write “3 bottles of milk” on that list. They might not realize that Badma already has planned to buy 3 bottles of milk himself.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Oi . Badm-i:n mjaxa aba-x-i:jɘ-n’ haja hana-ba-b . Ba:rhan Badma , mjaxa aba-xa-güi .
Glosses: oh Badma-GEN meat buy-POT-ACC-3 just.now think-PST2-1SG poor Badma meat buy-POT-NEG
Translation: Oh. I just remembered (about) Badma’s buying meat. Poor Badma, he will not buy meat.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Bi [Dugar-ai Baigal-ha: jɘrɘ-x-i:jɘ] hana-na-m , xarin bi Dugar Baigal-ha: jɘrɘ-xɘ-güi gɘžɘ mɘdɘ-nɘ-b
Glosses: 1SG.NOM Dugar-GEN Baikal-ABL come-POT-ACC think-PRS-1SG but 1SG.NOM Dugar Baikal-ABL come-POT-NEG COMP know-PRS-1SG
Translation: I remember that Dugar should/is supposed to return from Baikal, but I know that Dugar will not return from Baikal.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: alim-de alma-la zoqe-le . # alim alma-nɨ tü∫-ür-gen-di
Glosses: Alim-LOC apple-PL exist-PL  Alim apple-ACC fall-CAUS-PFCT-3
Translation: Alim had no apples. # Alim dropped an apple.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: alim [fatima-nɨ sabij-i eri∫ü-de qat-xan-ɨ-n] es-i-ne tü∫-ür-gen-di , # alaj fatima-nɨ sabij-i eri∫ü-de qɨtdɨr-ʁan-dɨ
Glosses: Alim Fatima-GEN child-3 contest-LOC win-PFCT-3-ACC memory-3-DAT fall-CAUS-PFCT-3  but F.-GEN child-3 contest-LOC lose-PFCT-3
Translation: Alim remembered that Fatima’s child won the contest (lit. ‘dropped Fatima’s child’s winning the context into his memory’), # but Fatima’s child lost the contest.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sovsem iz golovy vyletelo , [čto ja obeščal vstretit’sja s nim v sem’ časov].
Glosses: completely out.of head flew.out COMP I promised to.meet with him in seven hours
Translation: I completely forgot (lit. ‘it flew out of head’) that I promised to meet with him at seven o’clock.’ ✓ Context A: The speaker promised to meet with him at seven o’clock. # Context B: The speaker didn’t promise to meet with him at seven o’clock.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Rahuler mone hoy /#pore [je Ram mithye bolechilo], kintu Ram mithye boleni .
Glosses: Rahul.(GEN) mind.LOC happen.PRS.3 fall.PRS.3 that Ram lie tell.PST.3 but Ram lie tell.PST.NEG.3
Translation: Rahul thinks /#recalls that Ram lied, but he didn’t.’ (examples (1)–(2) from Banerjee et al. 2019)
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: [Manai tai∫-a: tuxai du: garg-a:∫a] xün ɘnɘ-l da:
Glosses: 1SG.GEN taishi-REFL about song bring.out-PART human this-PTCL EMPH.PTCL
Translation: Here is that very person who composes songs about our taishi (a community leader in Mongolic culture).’ (Sanzheev et al. 1962: 175)
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: Sajana [Badma / Badm-i:jɘ tɘrgɘ ɘmdɘl-ɘ: gɘžɘ] han-a: / mɘd-ɘ: / xɘl-ɘ: / oilg-o:
Glosses: Sajana Badma.NOM / Badma cart break-PST COMP think-PST / know-PST / say-PST / realize-PST
Translation: Sajana {thought/found out/said/realized} about Badma that he broke the cart.
Language: Barguzin
Transcription: #Bi Dugar-ai Baigal-ha: jɘrɘ-x-i:jɘ mɘdɘ-nɘ-b
Glosses: 1SG.NOM Dugar-GEN Baikal-ABL come-POT-ACC know-PRS-1SG
Translation: Intended: ‘I know about Dugar’s returning from Baikal.
Language: German
Transcription: Max hat verloren , obwohl er sehr gut gespielt hat .
Glosses: Max has lost although he very well played has
Translation: Max lost although he played very well.
Language: German
Transcription: Max hat verloren , hat er auch sehr gut gespielt .
Glosses: Max has lost has he MP very well played
Translation: Max lost, although he played very well.
Language: German
Transcription: Keiner₁ wurde bleich , als er₁ erschrocken ist .
Glosses: no-one got pale when he frightened got
Translation: No-one turned pale when he got frightened.
Language: German
Transcription: *Keiner₁ wurde bleich , obwohl er₁ erschrocken ist .
Glosses: no-one got pale although he frightened got
Language: German
Transcription: *Keiner₁ wurde bleich , ist er₁ auch erschrocken .
Glosses: no-one got pale got he MP frightened
Language: German
Transcription: Der Angeklagte blieb sitzen , als der Richter den RAUM betrat .
Glosses: the defendant remained seated when the judge the room entered
Translation: The defendant remained seated when the judge entered the room.
Language: German
Transcription: ??Der Angeklagte blieb sitzen , obwohl der Richter den RAUM betrat .
Glosses: the defendant remained seated although the judge the room entered
Language: German
Transcription: *Der Angeklagte blieb sitzen , hat der Richter auch den RAUM betreten .
Glosses: the defendant remained seated has the judge MP the room entered
Language: German
Transcription: Max ist nicht gegangen , als Maria kam , sondern als die Musik schlecht wurde .
Glosses: Max is not left when Maria came but when the music bad became
Translation: ʻMax didn’t leave when Maria came, but when the music got bad.
Language: German
Transcription: *Max ist nicht gegangen , obwohl Maria kam , sondern obwohl die Musik gut war .
Glosses: Max is not left although Maria came but although the music good was
Language: German
Transcription: *Max ist nicht gegangen , kam auch Maria , sondern war auch die Musik gut .
Glosses: Max is not left came MP Maria but was MP the music good
Language: German
Transcription: Natürlich kann ein jeder₁ , obwohl er₁ sich für die Marathonstrecke angemeldet hat , auch entweder die 115 km oder die 165 km Strecke fahren .
Glosses: of course may one each although he REFL for the marathon-distance signed-up has also either the 115 km or the 165 km distance drive
Translation: Of course everyone can drive either the 115 km or the 165 km distance although he signed up for the marathon.
Language: German
Transcription: *Jeder₁ ist mit dem Hotel unzufrieden , obwohl er₁ ein schönes Zimmer bekam .
Glosses: everyone is with the hotel dissatisfied although he a nice room got
Language: German
Transcription: Wenn Hans ein schönes Zimmer bekam , dann ist er mit dem Hotel zufrieden .
Glosses: if Hans a nice room got then is he with the hotel satisfied
Translation: If Hans got a nice room, then he is satisfied with the hotel.
Language: German
Transcription: Nein , jeder₁ ist mit dem Hotel unzufrieden , obwohl er₁ ein schönes Zimmer bekam .
Glosses: no everyone is with the hotel dissatisfied although he a nice room got
Translation: No, everyone is dissatisfied with the hotel although he got a nice room.
Language: German
Transcription: Obwohl es geregnet hat , war Heinz im Garten .
Glosses: although it rained has was Heinz in-the garden
Translation: Although it was raining, Heinz was in the garden.
Language: German
Transcription: Während Max (*ja) vorgetragen hat , wurde er unterbrochen .
Glosses: while Max MP presented has was he interrupted
Translation: While Max was presenting, he was interrupted.
Language: German
Transcription: Obwohl Max ja häufig unterbrochen wurde , blieb er ruhig .
Glosses: although Max MP frequently interrupted was stayed he calm
Translation: Although Max was frequently interrupted, he remained calm.
Language: German
Transcription: Max dachte , dass Maria ja wunderbar ruhig blieb .
Glosses: Max thought that Maria MP wonderfully calm stayed
Translation: Max thought that Maria remained wonderfully calm.
Language: German
Transcription: Als Max (*leider) unterbrochen wurde , wurde er unruhig .
Glosses: when Max unfortunately interrupted was became he nervous
Translation: When Max was (*unfortunately) interrupted, he became nervous.
Language: German
Transcription: Obwohl Max leider unterbrochen wurde , blieb er ruhig .
Glosses: although Max unfortunately interrupted was remained he calm
Translation: Although Max was unfortunately interrupted, he remained calm.
Language: German
Transcription: *Als uns [der Kellner jedenfalls] freundlich begrüßt hatte , sind wir froh gelaunt zum reservierten Tisch gegangen .
Glosses: when us the waiter at-least friendly welcomed had are we glad tempered to-the reserved table gone
Language: German
Transcription: Obwohl uns [der Kellner jedenfalls] freundlich begrüßt hatte , sind wir missmutig zum reservierten Tisch gegangen .
Glosses: although us the waiter at-least friendly welcomed had are we bad-tempered to-the the reserved table gone
Translation: Although the waiter, at least, had pleasantly welcomed us, we went to the reserved table in a bad mood.
Language: German
Transcription: Jeder₁ hat protestiert , weil er₁ unterbrochen wurde .
Glosses: everyone has protested because he interrupted was
Translation: Everyone protested because he was interrupted.
Language: German
Transcription: Weil er ja/leider unterbrochen wurde , hat Max protestiert .
Glosses: because he MP/unfortunately interrupted was has Max protested
Translation: Because he was Ø/unfortunately interrupted, Max protested.
Language: German
Transcription: *Jeder Anwesende₁ hat protestiert , weil er₁ ja/leider unterbrochen wurde .
Glosses: every attendee has protested because he MP/unfortunately interrupted was
Language: German
Transcription: *Nein , jeder₁ ist mit dem Hotel unzufrieden , obwohl er₁ schon ein schönes Zimmer bekam .
Glosses: no everyone is with the hotel dissatisfied although he MP a nice room got
Language: German
Transcription: Nein , Hans ist mit dem Hotel unzufrieden , obwohl er schon ein schönes Zimmer bekam .
Glosses: no Hans is with the hotel dissatisfied although he MP a nice room got
Translation: ʻNo, Hans is dissatisfied with the hotel although he did get a nice room.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria hat nicht schnell promoviert , ist sie auch sehr begabt .
Glosses: Maria has not quickly graduated is she MP very talented
Translation: Maria hasn’t graduated quickly although she is very talented.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria wird schnell promovieren , ist sie doch sehr begabt .
Glosses: Maria will quickly graduate is she MP very talented
Translation: Maria will quickly graduate because she is very talented.
Language: German
Transcription: Max hat die Prüfung bestanden , worüber er sich sehr gefreut hat .
Glosses: Max has the exam passed about-what he REFL very been-glad has
Translation: Max passed the exam, about which he was very glad.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria hat nicht schnell promoviert , wobei sie sehr begabt ist .
Glosses: Maria has not quickly graduated, whereby she very talented is
Translation: Maria hasn’t graduated quickly although she is very talented.
Language: German
Transcription: Hans denkt , [dass Maria nicht schnell promovieren wird , obwohl sie sehr begabt ist].
Glosses: Hans thinks that Maria not quickly graduate will although she very talented is
Translation: ʻHans thinks that Maria won’t graduate quickly although she’s very talented.
Language: German
Transcription: *Hans denkt , [dass Maria nicht schnell promovieren wird , ist sie auch sehr begabt].
Glosses: Hans thinks that Maria not quickly graduate will is she MP very talented
Language: German
Transcription: *Hans denkt , [dass Maria nicht schnell promovieren wird , wobei sie sehr begabt ist].
Glosses: Hans thinks that Maria not quickly graduate will whereby she very talented is
Language: German
Transcription: *Max hat erzählt , [dass Maria sehr begabt ist , hab ich recht ?]
Glosses: Max has told that Maria very talented is, have I right
Language: German
Transcription: *[Weil Maria sehr begabt ist , hab ich recht ?], wird sie schnell promovieren .
Glosses: since Maria very talented is have I right will she quickly graduate
Language: German
Transcription: Maria wird schnell promovieren , [ist sie doch sehr begabt , hab ich recht ?]
Glosses: Maria will quickly graduate is she MP very talented have I right
Translation: Maria will graduate quickly, because she is very talented, am I right?
Language: German
Transcription: *[Obwohl Max echt wenig gearbeitet hat , Mann], hat er die Prüfung brillant gemeistert .
Glosses: although Max MP little worked has man has he the exam brilliantly mastered
Language: German
Transcription: Max hat die Prüfung bestanden , [hat er auch echt wenig gearbeitet , Mann].
Glosses: Max has the exam passed has he MP MP little worked man
Translation: Max passed the exam although he really didn’t work much, man.
Language: German
Transcription: Sprich mal mit Max\ – / obwohl der manchmal etwas schwierig ist .
Glosses: talk MP to Max although this-one sometimes a-little difficult is
Translation: Talk to Max although he’s sometimes a little difficult.
Language: German
Transcription: Wer wollte ihm das verweigern ?/ – /Ist er auch einer der am wenigsten vertrauenswürdigsten Leute in der ganzen Gruppe .
Glosses: who would him that deny is he MP one of-the least trustworthy people in the whole group
Translation: Who would deny him that? – Although he is one of the least trustworthy people in the whole group.
Language: German
Transcription: Es regnet bedauerlicherweise .
Glosses: it rains unfortunately
Language: German
Transcription: Es ist bedauerlich , dass es regnet .
Glosses: it is unfortunate that it rains
Translation: ʻIt’s unfortunate that it’s raining.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria ist ja zum Vortrag gekommen .
Glosses: Maria is MP to-the lecture come
Translation: Maria came to the lecture.
Language: German
Transcription: Hans jedenfalls wird mithelfen .
Glosses: Hans at-least will help
Translation: Hans, at least, will help.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria ist nicht zum Vortrag gekommen , Mann .
Glosses: Maria is not to-the lecture come man
Translation: Maria didn’t come to the lecture, man.
Language: German
Transcription: Florian hat wahrhaftig/im Ernst/ungelogen die Arie nicht gut gesungen .
Glosses: Florian has truly/seriously/in-truth the aria not well sung
Translation: Florian truly/seriously/in truth didn’t sing the aria well.
Language: German
Transcription: Eva sagte , dass wahrhaftig/im Ernst/ungelogen ihre Mutter nichts davon hält .
Glosses: Eva said that truly/seriously/in-truth her mother nothing of-it thinks
Translation: Eva said that truly/in all seriousness/in truth her mother has a low opinion of it.
Language: German
Transcription: *Eva denkt , dass wahrhaftig/im Ernst/ungelogen ihre Mutter nichts davon hält .
Glosses: Eva thinks that truly/seriously/in-truth her mother nothing of-it thinks
Language: German
Transcription: *Obwohl Max wahrhaftig/im Ernst/ungelogen schlecht vorbereitet war , hat er die Prüfung bestanden .
Glosses: although Max truly/seriously/in-truth badly prepared was has he the exam passed
Language: German
Transcription: Max hat die Prüfung bestanden , war er auch wahrhaftig/im Ernst/ungelogen schlecht vorbereitet .
Glosses: Max has the exam passed was he MP truly/seriously/in-truth badly prepared
Translation: Max passed the exam even though he truly/seriously/in truth was badly prepared.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria ist sehr bleich , weil sie krank ist .
Glosses: Maria is very pale because she ill is
Translation: Maria is very pale because she is ill.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria ist krank , weil sie sehr bleich ist .
Glosses: Maria is ill because she very pale is
Translation: Maria is ill because she is very pale.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria ist krank – weil du dich doch immer für sie interessierst .
Glosses: Maria is ill because you REFL MP always in her interested-are
Translation: Since you are always interested in Maria, she is ill.
Language: German
Transcription: Obwohl er schlecht vorbereitet war , hat Max die Prüfung mit Bravour bestanden .
Glosses: although he badly prepared was has Max the exam brilliantly passed
Translation: ʻAlthough he was badly prepared, Max passed the exam brilliantly.
Language: German
Transcription: Obwohl er die Prüfung mit Bravour bestanden hat , war Max schlecht vorbereitet .
Glosses: although he the exam brilliantly passed has was Max badly prepared
Translation: ʻAlthough he passed the exam brilliantly, Max was badly prepared.
Language: German
Transcription: Max hat die Prüfung mit Bravour bestanden – obwohl dich das vielleicht gar nicht interessiert .
Glosses: Max has the exam brilliantly passed although you that perhaps at-all not interests
Translation: Max passed the exam brilliantly – although perhaps that doesn’t interest you at all.
Language: German
Transcription: *Fast jeder Anwesende₁ ist krank , weil er₁ sehr bleich ist .
Glosses: nearly every attendee is ill because he very pale is
Language: German
Transcription: *Fast jeder Kollege₁ ist krank , weil du dich doch immer für ihn₁ interessierst .
Glosses: nearly every colleague is ill because you REFL MP always in him interested-are
Language: German
Transcription: Weil sie ja/leider sehr bleich ist , ist Maria wohl krank .
Glosses: since she MP/unfortunately very pale is is Maria MP ill
Translation: Because she’s unfortunately very pale, Maria must be ill.
Language: German
Transcription: *Weil du es ja doch erfährst , lässt sich Peter scheiden .
Glosses: since you it MP MP learn gets REFL Peter divorced
Language: German
Transcription: *Peter sagte zu Maria , [dass er sich scheiden lässt , weil sie es ja doch erfährt].
Glosses: Peter said to Maria that he REFL divorced gets because she it MP anyway learns
Language: German
Transcription: Maria ist sehr bleich , ist sie doch krank .
Glosses: Maria is very pale is she MP ill
Translation: Maria is very pale because she’s ill.
Language: German
Transcription: Maria ist krank , ist sie doch sehr bleich .
Glosses: Maria is ill is she MP very pale
Translation: Maria is ill because she’s very pale.
Language: German
Transcription: Weil du doch immer alles weißt , ist Maria krank ?
Glosses: since you MP always all know is Maria ill
Translation: Since you always know everything, is Maria ill?
Language: German
Transcription: Weil das Licht im Arbeitszimmer an ist , denkt Paul , dass Max zu Hause arbeitet .
Glosses: because the light in-the study on is thinks Paul that Max at home works
Translation: ʻBecause the light is on in the study, Paul thinks that Max is working at home.
Language: German
Transcription: Weil das Licht im Arbeitszimmer an ist , arbeitet Max zu Hause .
Glosses: because the light in-the study on is works Max at home
Translation: ʻBecause the light is on in the study, Max is working at home.
Language: German
Transcription: Weil das Licht in seinem₁ Arbeitszimmer an ist , denkt jeder₁ , dass Einbrecher im Haus sind .
Glosses: because the light in his study on is thinks everyone that burglars in-the house are
Translation: ʻBecause the light is on in his study, everyone thinks that burglars are in the house.
Language: German
Transcription: *Weil das Licht in seinem₁ Arbeitszimmer an ist , arbeitet jeder₁ zu Hause .
Glosses: because the light in his study on is works everyone at home
Language: German
Transcription: *Jede₁ hat das Examen bestanden , obwohl sie₁ schlecht vorbereitet war .
Glosses: everyone has the exam passed although she badly prepared was
Language: German
Transcription: Jede₁ denkt , [dass das Examen gut gehen wird , obwohl sie₁ schlecht vorbereitet ist].
Glosses: everyone thinks that the exam well go will although she badly prepared is
Translation: Everyone thinks that the exam will go well although she is badly prepared.
Language: German
Transcription: *Wir gehen spazieren , sind wir auch etwas müde und wird es auch bald regnen .
Glosses: we go for-a-walk are we MP a-little tired and will it MP soon rain
Translation: intended: ʻWe are going for a walk even though we are a little tired and it’s going to rain soon.
Language: German
Transcription: Wir gehen spazieren , obwohl wir etwas müde sind und obwohl es bald regnen wird .
Glosses: we go for-a-walk although we a-little tired are and although it soon rain will
Translation: We are going for a walk although we are a little tired and although it’s going to rain soon.
Language: German
Transcription: Max hat sehr gut gespielt . Trotzdem hat er verloren .
Glosses: Max has very well played nevertheless has he lost
Translation: Max played very well. Nevertheless he lost.
Language: German
Transcription: Von Mann zu Mann , Max wird überschätzt .
Glosses: from man to man, Max is overrated
Translation: Man to man, Max is overrated.
Language: German
Transcription: Ich muss heute zum Amt , Mann .
Glosses: I must-go today to-the office man
Translation: I have to go to the office today, man.
Language: German
Transcription: Wetten ? Maria wird gewinnen .
Glosses: want-to-bet Maria will win
Translation: Wanna bet? Maria will win.
Language: German
Transcription: Peter wird sicherlich zum Vortrag kommen , obwohl – er ist zurzeit in München .
Glosses: Peter will certainly to-the lecture come although he is currently in Munich
Translation: Peter will certainly come to the lecture although – he is currently in Munich.
Language: German
Transcription: Ist sie auch sehr begabt , hat sie *(doch/dennoch) nicht schnell promoviert .
Glosses: is she MP very talented, has she MP/still not quickly graduated
Translation: Although she is very talented, she still didn’t graduate quickly.
Language: German
Transcription: Wenn du mich fragst , lässt Peter sich scheiden .
Glosses: if you me ask gets Peter REFL divorced
Language: German
Transcription: Maria sagte , obwohl er sehr gut gespielt hat , hat Max verloren .
Glosses: Maria said although he very well played has has Max lost
Translation: Maria said, although he played very well, Max lost.
Language: German
Transcription: *dass keiner₁ kürzlich – obwohl er₁ gut vorbereitet war – die Prüfung bestanden hat
Glosses: that no-one recently although he well prepared was the exam passed has
Language: Dutch
Transcription: Alles wat je moet doen is dat terzijde leggen .
Glosses: all what you must do is that aside put
Translation: All you should do is put that aside.
Language: German
Transcription: Alles was du brauchst , ist Liebe .
Glosses: all what you need is love
Translation: All you need is love.
Language: French
Transcription: Tout ce que je veux , c’est que Gottéron gagne le titre .
Glosses: all what I want, it is that Gottéron wins the title
Translation: All I want is that Gottéron wins the title.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: All I ate t for dinner was a sandwich .
Glosses: ALL accompanying clause copula counterweight
Language: Dutch
Transcription: de man *(die) ik zag t
Glosses: the man that I saw 
Translation: the man that I saw
Language: Dutch
Transcription: Dat is alles *(wat) je hoeft te doen .
Glosses: that is all what you need to do
Translation: That’s all you need to do.
Language: Dutch
Transcription: Ik heb alles gekocht .
Glosses: I have everything (=all) bought
Translation: I bought everything.
Language: Gun
Transcription: Sέ́sínú wὲ dà Àsíàbá .
Glosses: Sessinou FOC marry Asiaba
Translation: SESSINOU married Asiaba.
Language: Gun
Transcription: Àsíàbá wὲ Sέ́sínú dà .
Glosses: Asiaba FOC Sessinou marry
Language: Wolof
Transcription: Xale bi l-a-a gis .
Glosses: child the XPL-COP-1SG see
Translation: It’s the child that I saw.
Language: Wolof
Transcription: Ca lekkool ba l-a-a gis-e Isaa .
Glosses: P school the XPL-COP-1SG see-APPL Isaa
Translation: It’s at school that I saw Isaa.
Language: Wolof
Transcription: Gaaw l-a-a ubbe-e bunt bi .
Glosses: quickly XPL-COP-1SG open-MANN door the
Translation: It’s quickly that I opened the door.
Language: Sinhala
Transcription: Ranjit [Chitra ee potǝ tamay kieuw-e kiyǝla] dannǝw-a .
Glosses: Ranjit Chitra that book FOC read-E that know-A
Translation: Ranjit knows that it was that book that Chitra read.
Language: Sinhala
Transcription: Ranjit [Chitra ee potǝ tamay kieuw-a kiyǝla] dann-e .
Glosses: Ranjit Chitra that book FOC read-A that know-E
Translation: It is that book that Ranjit knows that Chitra read.
Language: Sinhala
Transcription: [Ranjit ee potǝ kieuw-a] tamay
Glosses: Ranjit that book read-A FOC
Translation: It was only that Ranjit read that book.
Language: Old Japanese
Transcription: Pito = koso sira-ne matu = pa siru ramu .
Glosses: Person = KOSO know-NEG.IZ pine = TOP know MOD.RT
Translation: Though people do not understand, the pine may know.
Language: Italian
Transcription: Chi ha scritto questo articolo ?
Glosses: who has written this article
Translation: Who wrote this article?
Language: Italian
Transcription: L’ ha scritto Gennaro .
Glosses: it has written Gennaro
Language: Italian
Transcription: Gennaro l’ha scritto .
Glosses: Gennaro it has written .
Language: Italian
Transcription: Credo che l’abbia scritto Gennaro quando era in Graduate School .
Glosses: I think that it has-SUBJ written Gennaro when was in Graduate School . 
Translation: I think Gennaro wrote it when he was in Graduate School.