lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [χɕɤlzgoŋ ɯ-ŋgɯ kɤ-ntɕʰɤr-tɕi] nɯra pɯ-mto-t-a
Glosses: mirror 3SG.POSS-in AOR-appear-1DU DEM:PL AOR-see-PST:TR-1SG
Translation: I saw both of us in the mirror.' (elicitation, )
Language: Japhug
Transcription: mɯ́j-tɯ-mbɣom ri tʰa kɯ-z-maqʰu-tɕi
Glosses: NEG:SENS-2-be.in.a.hurry LNK later 2→1-CAUS-be.after:FACT-1DU
Translation: [If] you don't hurry [up], you will get us late.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-qʰu-cʰu ɯ-stu ʑo a-mɤ-jɤ-kɯ-pʰɣo ra ma tɕe kɯ-mto tɕe kɯ-ndo ɕti tu-ti-nɯ
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-behind-APPROX.LOC 3SG.POSS-direction EMPH IRR-NEG-PFV-GENR:S/O-flee be.needed:FACT LNK LNK GENR:S/O-see:FACT LNK GENR:S/O-take:FACT be.AFF:FACT IPFV-say-PL
Translation: People say that you should not flee in the direction behind[the yeti], as it would see you and catch you.' (140510 mYWrgAt)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ma tú-wɣ-ndza tɕe , ɲɯ-kɯ-z-nɯtɯfɕɤl ɕti
Glosses: LNK IPFV-INV-eat LNK IPFV-GENR:S/O-CAUS-have.diarrhea be.AFF:FACT
Translation: If you eat [mold], it causes you diarrhea.' (20-sWrna) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003564#S51"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rasti cʰo rɤjndoʁ ni , pjɯ́-wɣ-ʁndzɤr-ndʑi tɕe ɲɯ́-wɣ-z-nɯɴɢɤt-ndʑi ŋu .
Glosses: turnip COMIT turnip.root DU IPFV-INV-cut-DU LNK IPFV-INV-CAUS-ACAUS:separate-DU be:FACT
Translation: One separates the turnip from its root by cutting them.' (150903 kAJar)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: qaʑo cʰɯ-krɤɣ-nɯ tɕe tɤ-pɤtso ra kɯ nɯ qaʑo ɣɯ ɯ-ku nɯ ku-kɯ-sɯ-ndo .
Glosses: sheep IPFV-shear-PL LNK INDEF.POSS-child PL ERG DEM sheep GEN 3SG.POSS-head DEM IPFV-GENR:S/O-CAUS-take
Translation: [Every time the adults] sheared the sheep's wool, they would ask the children (us) to grab the sheep's head.' (160712 smAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tu-ndze-a-ndʑi ra
Glosses: IPFV-eat[III]-1SG-DU be.needed:FACT
Translation: I'd like to eat them.' (lWlu 2002)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tu-kɯ-nɯmɢla-a jɤɣ ma nɤ-pi ni kɯ tɤ́-wɣ-nɯmɢla-a-ndʑi ɕti
Glosses: IPFV-2→1-step.over-1SG be.allowed:FACT LNK 2SG.POSS-elder.sibling DU ERG AOR-INV-step.over-1SG-DU be.AFF:FACT
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-pi ra , aʑɯɣ kukutɕu a-mɤ-kɤ-cʰa ci ɣɤʑu tɕe … tu-kɯ-qur-a-nɯ ɲɯ-ntsʰi
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-elder.sibling PL 1SG:GEN here 1SG.POSS-NEG-OBJ:PCP-can INDEF exist:SENS LNK _ IPFV-2→1-help-1SG-PL SENS-be.better
Translation: Sisters, I have a problem (something that I cannot do) here, help me!' (150828 donglang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯnɯ [tɕʰeme pɯ~pɯ-mto-t-a-nɯ] ɯ-ŋgɯ nɯ kɯ-fse kɯ-mpɕɤr maŋe
Glosses: DEM girl TOTAL~AOR-see-PST:TR-1SG-PL 3SG.POSS-inside DEM SBJ:PCP-be.like SBJ:PCP-be.beautiful not.exist:SENS
Translation: This is the most beautiful among all the girls I have ever seen.' (150818 muzhi guniang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: to-k-ɤlɯlɤt-ndʑi-ci
Glosses: IFR-PEG-fight-DU-PEG
Translation: They fought each other.
Language: Japhug
Transcription: βdɯt a-mɤ-jɤ-zɣɯt ra ma tɯ́-wɣ-ndza
Glosses: demon IRR-NEG-PFV-arrive be.needed:FACT LNK 2-INV-eat:FACT
Translation: (She said) `[Let us hope that] the demon will not arrive, otherwise it will eat you.' (tWxtsa2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tú-wɣ-ndza-a nɯ mɤ-jɤɣ nɤ́ma nɤʑo nɤ-ndʐa pɯ-ɣe-a ɕti tɕe
Glosses: IPFV-INV-eat-1SG DEM NEG-be.allowed:FACT SFP 2SG 2SG.POSS-reason AOR:DOWN-come[II]-1SG be.AFF:FACT LNK
Translation: [The demon cannot] eat me, I came for you [to save you].' (tWxtsa2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tʰɯ-tɯ-rgɤz tɕe ki tɯ́-wɣ-stu tɯ́-wɣ-nɯcʰɤmda ɕti tɕe ,
Glosses: AOR-2-be.old LNK DEM.PROX 2-INV-do.like:FACT 2-INV-drink.with.a.straw:FACT be.AFF:FACT LNK
Translation: When you become old, they will drink you (your blood) like this with a straw (planted on your back)' (2012 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ki tú-wɣ-stu tɕe ɲɯ́-wɣ-cɯ
Glosses: DEM.PROX IPFV-INV-do.like LNK IPFV-INV-open
Translation: One opens it like this.' (26-tCAkWG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: χsɯ-tɤxɯr ʑo tó-wɣ-sɯ-lɤt tɕe tɤ-βɟu ɯ-taʁ tɕe pjɤ́-wɣ-βde .
Glosses: three-turn EMPH IPFV-INV-CAUS-release LNK INDEF.POSS-mat 3SG.POSS-on LOC IFR-INV-throw
Translation: She made the [horse] run three laps and throw her on the mat.' (2003kAndzwsqhaj2)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: koxtɕɯn-ri nɯnɯ tɤ́-wɣ-χtɯ ɕimɯma ɕɤɣ nɯra wuma ɲɯ-mpɕɤr ri ,
Glosses: silk-thread DEM AOR-INV-buy immediately be.new:FACT DEM:PL really SENS-be.beautiful LNK
Translation: Silk threads are very beautiful when one has just bought them, when they are new.' (2002thaXtsa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯɲɤt tʰɯ-ɣe nɯ ɯ-rca nɯtɕu tɕe , nɯŋa pɯ-kɯ-nɯrɯ nɯ tɤrca cʰɤ́-wɣ-ɣɯt , tɯ-rdoʁ . tɕe nɯnɯ cʰɤ́-wɣ-ɣɯt tɕendɤre iɕqʰa nɯ , nɤki tɯ-ci kɯ cʰɤ́-wɣ-ɣɯt qʰe
Glosses: landslide AOR:DOWNSTREAM-come[II] DEM 3SG.POSS-following DEM:LOC LOC cow PST.IPFV-SBJ:PCP-eat.grass DEM together IFR:DOWNSTREAM-INV-bring one-piece, LNK DEM IFR:DOWNSTREAM-INV-bring LNK FILLER DEM FILLER INDEF.POSS-water ERG IFR:DOWNSTREAM-INV-bring LNK
Translation: When the landslide occurred, it took away a cow that was grazing [there], the water took it away.' (160715 nWNa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pɤŋɤxɕaj nɤki , kʰɯna kɯ tu-ndze tɕe lú-wɣ-sɯ-qioʁ ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: plant.sp . FILLER dog ERG IPFV-eat[III] LNK IPFV-INV-CAUS-vomit SENS-be
Translation: [The plant called] pɤŋɤxɕaj_i, when a dog_j eats it_i, it makes it_j vomit.' (140505 panaxCAj)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: <yancong> ɯ-ŋgɯ ɲɯ-ɲaʁ rcanɯ , tɕe kumpɣɤtɕɯ ra ɲɤ́-wɣ-sɯɣ-ɲaʁ-nɯ ʑo , nɯ-kɯ-ɤkʰra ra mɯ-ɲɤ-χsɤl ʑo tɕendɤre ʑɯrɯʑɤri qale tu-βze , tɯmɯ kɯ pjɯ́-wɣ-χtɕi-nɯ tɕe ɲɯ-me ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: chimney 3SG-inside IPFV-be.black UNEXP:DEG LNK sparrow PL IFR-INV-CAUS-be.black-PL EMPH 3PL.POSS-NMLZ:S/A-be.colourful PL NEG-IFR-be.clear EMPH LNK progressively wind IPFV-make[III] INDEF.POSS-weather ERG IPFV-INV-wash-PL LNK IPFV-not.exist SENS-be
Translation: As it is black inside the chimney, the sparrows were completely blackened by it, the patterns and colours [on their feathers] were not visible any more, but progressively, the wind and the rain wash them away and [the soot on their feathers] disappears.' (22-kumpGatCW) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003925#S52"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: cɯrmbɯ ɯ-taʁ nɯ nɯ-z-rɤʑi ɲɤ-me ma tɯ-ci to-ɣi qʰe , tɕendɤre nɤki βʑɯ ra kɤsɯfse tʰa-nɯ-tsɯm . qʰe pɯ-si-nɯ .
Glosses: stone.heap 3SG.POSS-on DEM 3PL.POSS-NMLZ:OBL-stay IFR-not.exist LNK INDEF.POSS-water IFR:UP-come LNK LNK FILLER mouse PL all AOR:DOWNSTREAM:3→3'-AUTO-take.away LNK AOR-die-PL
Translation: The place where they_j stayed on the stone heap disappeared as the water_i came up, and it_i took the mice_j downstream. And they_j died. (150831 BZW kAnArRaR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ndʑi-sɤtɕʰa nɯnɯ ɣɯ jɯl nɯnɯ rcanɯ kʰu kɯ lonba ʑo tʰa-ɕkɯt ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: 3DU.POSS-place TOP GEN villager DEM UNEXP:DEG tiger ERG all EMPH AOR:3→3'-eat SEN-be
Translation: All the villagers in their land had been eaten by a tiger.' (khu2005)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: “mtsʰoʁlaŋ ni a-kʰɤkɯm , nɤki , a-kʰɯna ʑo a-pɯ-fse-ndʑi ra" to-ti ɲɯ-ŋu tɕe mtsʰoʁlaŋ ni kɯ pjɤ́-wɣ-nɤliɤliɤt ʑo ɕti
Glosses: water.monster DU 1SG.POSS-doorstep FILLER 1SG.POSS-dog EMPH IRR-IPFV-be.like-DU be.needed:FACT IFR-say SENS-be LNK water.monster DU ERG IFR-INV-greet.like.a.dog EMPH be.AFF:FACT
Translation: He said `May the water monsters be like dogs on my doorstep' and the water monsters greeted him like dogs.' (2012 Norbzang) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003768#S175"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-mpʰɯz nɯnɯ tɤjpɣom kɯ pjɤ-ndo qʰendɤre ,
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-buttocks DEM ice ERG IFR-take LNK
Translation: (The leopard's) buttocks had been caught in the ice.' (140427 qala cho kWrtsAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rɟɤlpu nɯ kɯ [ɯ-mɲaʁ ɲɤ-z-nɤmbju] ʑo pjɤ-mto tɕe ,
Glosses: king DEM ERG 3SG.POSS-eye IFR-CAUS-be.bright EMPH IFR-see LNK
Translation: The king_j saw it [the thread]_i as it_i dazzled his_j eyes.' (2012 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-rkɯ nɯtɕu , si kɯ-wxti a-pɯ-tu tɕe ɲɯ́-wɣ-z-maqʰu qʰe ɯʑo tu-mbro mɯ́j-cʰa .
Glosses: 3DU.POSS-side DEM:LOC tree SBJ:PCP-be.big IRR-IPFV-exist LNK IPFV-INV-CAUS-be.after LNK 3SG IPFV-be.big NEG:SENS-can
Translation: If there is a big tree_j next to it_i, it_j delays its_i growth and it_i cannot grow very big.' (14-sWNgWJu)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: cān o-tēm-a kī-mākwam-ik
Glosses: ANTHR 3SG.POSS-dog-OBV PST-bit-INV
Translation: John_prox's dog_obv bit him_prox.'
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-wa ɯ-ɣi ra nɯ-ɕki kó-wɣ-ndʑɯ , … tɕendɤre a-wa ɯ-ɣi ra kɯ tó-wɣ-nɤmqe
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-father 3SG.POSS-relative PL 3PL.POSS-DAT IFR-INV-accuse _ LNK 1SG.POSS-father 3SG.POSS-relative PL ERG IFR-INV-scold
Translation: [The old monk] complained about my father_i to his_i parents, and my father_i's parents scolded him_i.' (08-kWqhi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe ɯ-pi ʁnɯz nɯni kɯnɤ mɯ-pjɤ́-wɣ-sɯχsɤl
Glosses: LNK 3SG.POSS-elder.sibling two DEM:DU also NEG-IFR-recognize
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre rɟɤlpu ɣɯ ɯ-rʑaβ ɲɤ-k-ɤβzu-ci tɕe , tɕe ɯ-pi ni kɯ wuma ʑo , nɤkinɯ , pjɤ́-wɣ-nɤʑɤmŋɤn
Glosses: LNK king GEN 3SG.POSS-wife IFR-PEG-become-PEG LNK LNK 3SG.POSS-elder.sibling DU ERG really EMPH FILLER IFR.IPFV-INV-envy
Translation: She_i became the queen, and her_i sisters were envious of her_i.' (140514 huishuohua de niao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕʰeme wuma ʑo kɯ-pe ci pɯ-ŋu qʰe , ɯ-mu ɯ-wa ni kɯ ɲɯ-z-nɤja-ndʑi qʰe mɯ-ta-sɯ-ɣe-ndʑi ,
Glosses: girl really EMPH SBJ:PCP-be.good INDEF PST.IPFV-be LNK 3SG.POSS-mother 3SG.POSS-father DU ERG SENS-CAUS-be.regrettable-DU LNK NEG-AOR:3→3'-CAUS-come[II]-DU
Translation: [His wife]_i was a very nice girl, her_i parents were unwilling to part with her_i and did not let her_i come.' (14-siblings)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: stu kɯ-xtɕi nɯ kɯ `...' to-ti tɕendɤre qro nɯnɯ ɯ-ŋga nɯ to-nɯ-ŋga qʰe , tɕe nɯ ɯ-mke ko-rqoʁ qʰe tɕendɤre tó-wɣ-tsɯm to-nɯqambɯmbjom qʰe
Glosses: most SBJ:PCP-be.small DEM ERG _ IFR-say LNK pigeon DEM 3SG.POSS-clothes TOP IFR-AUTO-wear LNK LNK DEM 3SG.POSS-neck IFR-hug LNK LNK IFR-INV-take.away IFR:UP-fly LNK
Translation: The smallest [daughter]_i said `…', she_i wore the pigeon skin, he_j hugged her_i neck, and she_i took him_j and flew away [with him].' (07-deluge)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯɕnɯ-sŋi kɯɕnɤ-rʑaʁ nɯ́-wɣ-z-nɤʁaʁ ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: seven-day seven-night IPFV-INV-CAUS-have.a.good.time SENS-be
Translation: [The king] let [Padma 'Od'bar] have a good time for seven days and seven nights.' (2005 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-tɕɯ nɯ kɯ , … nɯnɯ tɕʰeme χsɯm nɯ lonba pa-sɯxɕɤt ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-boy DEM ERG _ DEM girl three dem all AOR:3→3'-teach SENS-be
Translation: The boy (Padma 'Od'bar) taught the whole [mantra] to the three girls.' (2005 Norbzang, 380; Padma 'Od'bar > girls)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre “jɤɣ" ti nɤ χsɤrzaŋ nɯ́-wɣ-ɕɯ-rŋo-nɯ ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: LNK be.possible:FACT say:FACT LNK artefact AOR-INV-CAUS-borrow SENS-be
Translation: [The king] said `yes' and lent the Gserbzang to [the three girls].'(2005 Norbzang, 406; girls > king)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre rɟɤlpu kɯ na-nɯsŋom ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: LNK king ERG AOR:3→3'-envy SENS-be
Translation: The king envied [Padma 'Od'bar].' (2005 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre tɕetu ndɤre , pɤnmawombɤr ka-tɕɤβ-nɯ ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: LNK up.there LNK ANTHR AOR:3→3'-burn-PL SENS-be
Translation: [The king and his servants] burned Padma 'Od'bar up there.' (2005 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre tɤ-wɯ nɯ kɯ ɲɤ́-wɣ-ngɤjtsʰi tɕe , nɤki , tɯmgo ɲɤ́-wɣ-mbi , tɯ-ci ra ɲɤ́-wɣ-j-tsʰi tó-wɣ-ɕɯ-fka tɕe tɕe
Glosses: LNK INDEF.POSS-grandfather DEM ERG IFR-INV-give.to.eat.and.drink LNK FILLER food IFR-INV-give INDEF.POSS-water PL IFR-INV-CAUS-drink IFR-INV-CAUS-be.full LNK LNK
Translation: The old man gave him food and drinks, gave him food to eat, water to drink, gave him enough for him to eat his fill.' (2011-05-nyima)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe nɯ jamar tɕe ci nɯni kɯ “lɯlu kɯ ɣɯ́-ndza-tɕi" ra mɯ-ɲɤ-sɯso-ndʑi kɯ , “aʑo ɣɤŋgi-a nɤ aʑo ɣɤŋgi-a" ɲɤ-sɯso-ndʑi , tɕendɤre lɯlu nɯ kɯ ci ko-mɟa , ci ɲo-mɟa tɕe , ndɤre ʁnaʁna ʑo cʰɤ́-wɣ-ndza-ndʑi tɕe ,
Glosses: LNK DEM about LNK INDEF DEM:DU ERG cat ERG INV-eat:FACT-1DU PL NEG-IFR-think-DU ERG 1SG be.right:FACT-1SG ADD 1SG be.right:FACT-1SG IFR-think-DU LNK cat DEM ERG one IFR:EAST-grab one IFR:WEST-grab LNK LNK both EMPH IFR-INV-eat-DU LNK
Translation: The other two were not thinking `The cat will eat us', but rather `I am right, I am right', and the cat grabbed one on his left and one on his right, and both ended up eaten by him.' (lWlu 2002)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rɟɤlpu ɣɯ ɯ-ʁjoʁ nɯra kɯ ɲimawozɤr , nɯnɯ ɣɤrɤt-nɯ pjɤ-ŋu , ɣɯ-tsɯm pjɤ-ŋu tɕeri ,
Glosses: king GEN 3SG.POSS-servants DEM:PL ERG ANTHR DEM throw:FACT-PL IFR.IPFV-be INV-take.away:FACT IFR.IPFV-be LNK
Translation: As the king's servants were about to throw him [into the lake], as they were about to take him away.' (Nyima wodzer2002)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-tɕʰira … ɣɯ ɯ-fkaβ nɯnɯ jó-wɣ-kio . tɕe nɯ tó-wɣ-cɯ tɕe nɯtɕu tɕe tɕe li , nɯɕimɯma tɕe li , ɯ-ŋga ra kɯ-mpɕɯ~mpɕɤr ci , ɯ-ʁzɯɣ ra kɯ-βdɯ~βdi ci , tɕʰemɤpɯ ci , iɕqʰa tɕʰira ɣɯ ɯ-ŋgɯ nɯtɕu to-nɯ-ɬoʁ .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-jar _ GEN 3SG.POSS-cover DEM IFR-INV-slide LNK DEM IFR-INV-open LNK DEM:LOC LNK LNK again immediately LNK again 3SG.POSS-clothes PL SBJ:PCP-EMPH~be.beautiful INDEF 3SG.POSS-appearance PL SBJ:PCP-EMPH~be.nice INDEF girl INDEF the.aforementioned jar GEN 3SG.POSS-in DEM:LOC IFR:UP-AUTO-come.out
Translation: The jar's cover slid over and opened, and a girl with beautiful clothes and a very nice appearance came immediately out of it.' (150827 tianluo-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre ri , ku-rtoʁ tɕe ɯ-tɯ-ci nɯra pjɤ́-wɣ-lwoʁ tɕe kɯ-tu pjɤ-me qʰe ,
Glosses: LNK LNK IPFV-look LNK 3SG.POSS-INDEF.POSS-water DEM:PL IFR-INV-spill LNK SBJ:PCP-exist IFR.IPFV-not.exist LNK
Translation: He_i realized that someone had spilled the water [in his_i gourd], and none was left.' (140505 liuhaohan zoubian tianxia-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe ɕkrɤz ɣɯ ɯ-mat nɯ tʰɣe tu-kɯ-ti ŋu
Glosses: LNK oak GEN 3SG.POSS-fruit DEM acorn IPFV-GENR-say be:FACT
Translation: The fruit of the oak is called an acorn.' (08-CkrAz)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tu-ndze ŋu maʁ mɤ-xsi .
Glosses: IPFV-eat[III] be:FACT not.be:FACT NEG-GENR:know
Translation: I don't know whether [bears] eat [humans] or not.' (21-pri) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003580#S112"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤŋe na-βzu qʰe ɲɯ-me ɕti .
Glosses: sun AOR:3→3'-make LNK IPFV-not.exist be.AFF:FACT
Translation: It disappears when the sun appears.' (25-RmArYWG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-taʁ ri kɯ-wɣrum ku-te , ku-kɯ-ta ci tu qʰe , nɯnɯ li kʰɯrwum ŋu
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-on LOC SBJ:PCP-be.white IPFV-put[III] IPFV-SBJ:PCP-put INDEF exist:FACT LNK DEM again mold be:FACT
Translation: A white thing grows on [meat that has been left to rot], there is something that grows on it, this is also mold.' (20-sWrna)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: akɯcʰoʁle nɯ to-βzu tɕe rcanɯ ,
Glosses: east.wind DEM IFR-make LNK UNEXP:DEG
Translation: The East (North) Wind blew.' (aesop feng he taiyang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤrtsa kɯ-wxti tsa tɯ-βzu to-ʑa .
Glosses: wave SBJ:PCP-be.big a.little INF:II-make IFR-start
Translation: There started to be big waves [on the sea].' (140430 yufu he tade qizi-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre cʰa ɯ-skɤt ɯ-βzu lo-ʑa .
Glosses: LNK alcohol 3SG.POSS-speech 3SG.POSS-BARE.INF:make IFR-start
Translation: He started drunk-talking.' (150906 qingfeng-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: jisŋi tɯ-mɯ nɯ kɯ-fse tʰa-sɯ-ɤmɲɤm ʑo , tɤŋe tɕi mɯ-na-βzu , tɯ-mɯ tɕi mɯ-ka-lɤt
Glosses: today INDEF.POSS-sky DEM SBJ:PCP-be.like AOR:3→3'-be.homogeneous EMPH sun also NEG-AOR:3→3'-make INDEF.POSS-weather also NEG-AOR:3→3'-release
Translation: Today the weather was uniform, there was neither sun nor rain.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯ-rɤrma ra nɯ-ɕki nɯtɕu , nɤki , kuxtɕo ci z-ɲɤ-rŋo ,
Glosses: SBJ:PCP-work PL 3PL.POSS-DAT DEM:LOC FILLER basket INDEF TRAL-IFR-borrow
Translation: [The leopard] borrowed a basket from the workers.' (2002 qalakWcqraq)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre rɟɤlpu ɯ-pʰe la-tsɯm ɲɯ-ŋu ,
Glosses: LNK king 3SG.POSS-DAT AOR:3→3:UPSTREAM-take.away SENS-be
Translation: He brought[the shoe] to the king.' (tWxtsa 2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-tʰe jɤɣ
Glosses: IMP-ask[III] be.allowed:FACT
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-wa kɯ , tɯrme ɣɯ ɯ-rʑaβ nɯ́-wɣ-kʰo-a ɕti nɤ
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-father ERG person GEN 3SG.POSS-wife AOR-INV-give-1SG be.AFF:FACT SFP
Translation: My father has offered me in marriage to someone.' (150828 liangshanbo zhuyingtai-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo <laoshi> ɯ-ɕki ta-ndʑɯ
Glosses: 1SG professor 3SG.POSS-DAT 1→2-accuse:FACT
Translation: I will issue a complain against you to the professor.' (150826 liangshanbo zhuyingtai-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006244#S81"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo a-xtu ɯ-ŋgɯ cʰɯ-ta-rku
Glosses: 1SG 1SG.POSS-belly 3SG.POSS-in IPFV:DOWNSTREAM-1→2-put.in
Translation: I will put you in my belly.' (140505 xiaohaitu-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003921#S80"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: sɯmat kɤ-kɯ-ɕtʂɯ-a
Glosses: fruit AOR-2→1-entrust.with-1SG
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-me nɯ nɤ-rʑaβ ɲɯ-ta-mbi ŋu
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-daughter DEM 2SG.POSS-wife IPFV-1→2-give be:FACT
Translation: I will give you my daughter in marriage.' (`I will give her to you as your wife') (140428 yonggan de xiaocaifeng-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-pi ni kɯ nɯra tɤ́-wɣ-stu-a-ndʑi ndʐa ɕti ma ,
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-elder.sibling DU ERG DEM:PL AOR-INV-do.like-1SG-DU reason be.AFF:FACT LNK
Translation: [This is because] my two brothers treated me like that.' (2003 qachGa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-wa kɯ aʑo nɯ́-wɣ-rɤ-mbi-a
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-father ERG 1SG AOR-INV-APASS-give-1SG
Translation: My father gave me away.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤʑo kɯ aʑo ɲɤ-kɯ-rɤ-mbi-a
Glosses: 2SG ERG 1SG IFR-2→1-APASS-give-1SG
Translation: You gave me away (without me knowing).' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-wɯ tɯ-ci ɲɯ-kɯ-j-tsʰi-tɕi ɯ́-jɤɣ ?
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-grandfather INDEF.POSS-water IPFV-2→1-CAUS-drink-1DU QU-be.allowed:FACT
Translation: Grandfather, could you give us water to drink?' (nyima wodzer 2002)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo tɯ-mɯ kɯ pɯ-kɯ-sɯ-χtɕi-a , tɤndʐo nɯ !
Glosses: 1SG INDEF.POSS-weather ERG AOR-2→1-CAUS-wash-1SG cold SFP
Translation: You caused me to be drenched by the rain, it is so cold!' (2014-kWlAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤʑo tɤ-ndze ma alo ma-lɤ-tɯ-tsɯm ma tʰa li kɯ-sɯ-ʁndɯ-a
Glosses: 2SG IMP-eat[III] LNK upstream NEG-IMP:UPSTREAM-2-take.away LNK later again 2→1-CAUS-hit-1SG
Translation: Eat it, don't take it up there, you would cause me to be beaten again.' (2003-kWBRa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo ɕɤrɯ ɲɯ-kɯ-z-nɯntsʰo-a
Glosses: 1SG meat IPFV-2→1-CAUS-eat-1SG
Translation: You make me eat the bones.' (2014-kWlAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯʑo kɯ nɤʑo pɯ́-wɣ-sɯ-mto-a
Glosses: 3SG ERG 2SG IPFV-INV-CAUS-see-1SG
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯʑo kɯ aʑo pɯ-tɯ́-wɣ-sɯ-mto
Glosses: 3SG ERG 1SG AOR-2-INV-CAUS-see
Language: Japhug
Transcription: wortɕʰi ʑo , nɤ-χsɤrzaŋ ɲɯ-kɯ-ɕɯ-rŋo-j
Glosses: please EMPH 2SG.POSS-magical.object IPFV-2→1-CAUS-borrow-1PL
Translation: Please, lend us you magical object.' (2005 Kunbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo a-βdaχpu nɯ kɯ pjɤ-nɯmto tɕe tɕendɤre nɤ-ɕki jɤ́-wɣ-sɯ-ɣɯt-a ŋu tɕe ,
Glosses: 1SG 1SG.POSS-master DEM ERG IFR-find LNK LNK 2SG.POSS-DAT AOR-INV-CAUS-bring-1SG be:FACT LNK
Translation: My master found it and sent me to bring it to you.' (140513 qianshang he xiaotou-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: sɤrndzu cʰo tatsʰi ra kɯ sɤŋu-pɯ tu-nɯ-ti-nɯ tɕe , ʁdɯrɟɤt ra sɤŋu-pɯ tú-wɣ-sɤrmi-j ŋu .
Glosses: TOPO COMIT TOPO PL ERG pl.p-person.from IPFV-AUTO-say-PL LNK TOPO PL TOPO-person.from IPFV-INV-give.name-1PL be:FACT
Translation: Those from Gsar-rdzong and Da-tshang say `Sangu people', they name us, [those] of Gdong-brgyad, `Sangu people'.' (23-tCAphW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-βlɯ-a
Glosses: AOR-burn-1SG
Language: Japhug
Transcription: smi tɤ-βlɯ-t-a
Glosses: fire AOR-burn-PST:TR-1SG
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕʰeme ci pɯ-taʁ ɲɯ-ŋu ,
Glosses: girl INDEF PST.IPFV-weave SENS-be
Translation: A girl was weaving.' (tWxsta2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯnɯ mɯntoʁ nɯ tʰa-taʁ tɕe ,
Glosses: DEM flower DEM AOR:3→3'-weave LNK
Translation: [When] he wove this pattern, …' (150825 huluwa) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006346#S95"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: cɯ ɲɯ́-wɣ-pʰɯt , tu-kɯ-ɕlu ,
Glosses: stone IPFV-INV-take.out IPFV-INV-plough
Translation: One has to take out the stones, to plough,' (2010-10)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯ-ji nɯ lú-wɣ-ɕlu tɕe
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-field DEM IPFV-INV-plough LNK
Translation: One ploughs the fields, and …' (2002-tWsqar)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-mɲaʁ nɯ wuma ɲɯ-mto ɲɯ-ʂa ɲɯ-ŋu nɤ́ma ,
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-eye DEM really SENS-be.sharp SENS-be.strong SENS-be SFP
Translation: The [eagle] has a sharp eyesight.' 140522 Kamnyu zgo, 226
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe nɯ aj pjɯ-sɯso-a tɕe nɯnɯ tɯ-tɯpʰu ɲɯ-ŋu-ndʑi tɕe
Glosses: LNK DEM 1SG IPFV-think-1SG LNK DEM one-species SENS-be-DU LNK
Translation: In my opinion, these two [animals belong to] the same species.' (20-ldWGi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pjɯ-rɯ-sɯso nɤ pjɯ-rɯ-sɯso tɕe ,
Glosses: IPFV-APASS-think ADD IPFV-APASS-think LNK
Translation: He thought about it over and over.' (02-deluge2012) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003376#S60"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕʰeme nɯ tɕe tɕe ɯ-kʰa nɯtɕu ko-z-rɤʑi tɕe , ɲɯ-nɯʁjoʁ tu-z-rɤme pjɤ-ŋu .
Glosses: girl DEM LNK LNK 3SG.POSS-house DEM:LOC IFR-CAUS-stay LNK IPFV-give.orders IPFV-CAUS-work[III] IFR.IPFV-be
Translation: The witch kept the girl in the house, and gave her orders and put her to work.' (140507 tangguowu-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003933#S107"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: sŋi qʰe z-ɲɯ-nɯʁjoʁ tɕe kɯβʁa ra nɯ-ma z-ɲɯ-nɤme
Glosses: day LNK TRAL-IPFV-work.as.servant LNK noble PL 3PL.POSS-work TRAL-IPFV-do.work[III]
Translation: In the day, he would work as a servant, and do work for the nobles.' (150828 donglang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-tɕɯ ʁnɯz nɯ pjɤ-si , tɯ-rdoʁ nɯ ɲɤ-ri qʰe
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-son two DEM IFR-die one-piece DEM IFR-remain LNK
Translation: Two of her sons died, and one remained [alive].' (Gesar 2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-sroʁ kɤ-tɯ-ri-t
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-life AOR-2-save-PST:TR
Translation: You saved my life.' (150906 qingfeng-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006366#S109"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-ʑmbrɯ nɯnɯ … rɟɤmtsʰu ɣɯ ɯ-ŋgɯ rŋgɯ tu-kɯ-nɯ-ɬoʁ nɯ ɯ-taʁ ko-rpu .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-boat DEM _ sea GEN 3SG.POSS-in boulder IPFV-SBJ:PCP-AUTO-come.out DEM 3SG.POSS-on IFR-bump
Translation: His boat ran on a reef (a boulder coming out of the sea).' (150830 baihe jieme-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-ku kɯm ɯ-taʁ kɤ-nɯ-rpu-t-a
Glosses: 1SG;POSS-head door 3SG.POSS-on AOR-AUTO-bump.into-PST:TR-1SG
Translation: I bumped my head against the [top frame of the] door.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: maka ʑo mɯ-kɤ-rpu-a tɕe mɯ-tɤ-nɯɣmaz-a
Glosses: AT.ALL EMPH NEG-AOR-bump.into-1SG LNK NEG-AOR-be.wounded-1SG
Translation: I did not hit [the bottom] and was not injured.' (150824 kelaosi-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo a-zgroʁ sqʰi ɯ-taʁ ku-nɯ-rpe-a ndʐa ɕti
Glosses: 1SG 1SG.POSS-bracelet tripod 3SG.POSS-on IPFV-AUTO-bump[III]-1SG reason be.AFF:FACT
Translation: This is because [I accidentally made] my bracelet clang against the tripod.' (tWxtsa 2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯ-sɤŋo je
Glosses: IMP-listen SFP
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pɣɤɲaʁ nɯnɯ ɯ-skɤt ɲɯ-kɯ-sɤŋo tɕe saχsɤl ma kɤ-mto rkɯn
Glosses: pheasant DEM 3SG.POSS-voice IPFV-GENR:S/O-listen LNK be.obvious:FACT a.part.from OBJ:PCP-see be.rare:FACT
Translation: The pheasant, one can recognize its presence by listening to its voice, but it is rarely seen.' (23-pGAYaR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤ-ŋga ɲɯ-rtaʁ ɕi mɯ́j-rtaʁ kɯ nɯ-sɤŋo
Glosses: 2SG.POSS-clothes SENS-be.enough QU NEG:SENS-be.enough SFP IMP-listen
Translation: Make sure (literally `feel whether') you have enough clothes.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe a-mu a-wa ra ka-sɤŋo tɕe lɤ-ari tɕe ,
Glosses: LNK 1SG.POSS-mother 1SG.POSS-father PL AOR:3→3'-obey LNK AOR:UPSTREAM-go[II] LNK
Translation: He listened to my parents and went there.' (14-siblings)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: <xiaoqian> nɯ wuma ʑo tɕʰeme ɲɯ-pe , ɲɯ-sɤ-sɤŋo ,
Glosses: ANTHR DEM really EMPH girl SENS-be.good SENS-APASS:HUM-listen
Translation: Xiaoqian is a very nice girl, she is obedient.' (150907 niexiaoqian-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006262#S156"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: iɕqʰa tɯmɲa nɯ cʰa pjɤ-rga qʰe
Glosses: the.aforementioned arrow DEM alcohol IFR.IPFV-like LNK
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ʁzɤmi ni wuma ʑo pjɤ-rga-ndʑi .
Glosses: husband.and.wife DU really EMPH IFR.IPFV-be.happy-DU
Translation: The husband and his wife were very happy.' (140506 woju guniang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤ-tʂɯnlɤn ɲɯ-ta-fsɯɣ ra
Glosses: 2SG.POSS-gratitude IPFV-1→2-repay be.needed:FACT
Translation: I have to return the favour.' (150827 tianluo-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006250#S138"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤ-tʂɯnlɤn ɲɯ-nɯ-fsɯɣ-a
Glosses: 2SG.POSS-gratitude IPFV-AUTO-repay-1SG
Translation: I will return the favour.' (elicited, adapted from example ex:nAtsxWnlAn.YWtafsWG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rɟɤlpu nɯ kɯ tɯtɯrca kʰa ɯ-ŋgɯ jó-wɣ-tsɯm-ndʑi
Glosses: king DEM ERG together house 3SG.POSS-in IFR-INV-take.away-DU
Translation: The king brought them together into a house.' (140505 liuhaohan zoubian tianxia-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: jɯɣmɯr ndɤre nɤ-rca tu-kɯ-tsɯm-a ra
Glosses: this.evening LNK 2SG.POSS-following IPFV:UP-2→1-take.away-1SG be.needed:FACT
Translation: This evening, take me with you [to heaven].' (07-deluge) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003426#S47"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre <yinliao> to-nɯ-ndo-ndʑi , kɤndza ra to-nɯ-ndo-ndʑi qʰe , qrɤŋgɤɣ ɯ-tʰɤcu tɕe , to-nɯna-ndʑi qhe , ɲɤ-nɤmɲole-ndʑi qʰe , tɕe ko-nɯ-ɣi-ndʑi
Glosses: LNK drink IFR-AUTO-take-DU food PL IFR-AUTO-take-DU LNK TOPO 3SG.POSS-downstream LOC IFR-rest-DU LNK IFR-do.sightseeing-DU LNK LNK IFR:EAST-VERT-come-DU
Translation: The two of them took with them drinks and food, and rested and did sightseeing further down from Qrangak, and then came back.' (conversation 140510)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯnɯnɯtɕu tɯ-tɯpɯ pjɤ-tu-nɯ
Glosses: DEM:LOC ONE-household IFR.IPFV-exist-PL
Translation: there was one household there.' (140512 yufu yu mogui-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003973#S3"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯnɯreri tsʰɤko ʁnɯz tu .
Glosses: DEM:LOC stone.mount two exist:FACT
Translation: There are two stone mounts there.' (140522 Kamnyu zgo) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0004059#S133"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯɕɯŋgɯ tɕe , ʁzɤmi ci pjɤ-tu-ndʑi tɕe , ndʑi-tɕɯ χsɯm pjɤ-tu .
Glosses: long.ago LOC husband.and.wife INDEF IFR.IPFV-exist-DU LNK 3DU.POSS-son three IPFV.IPFV-exist
Translation: Long ago, there was a husband and his wife, and they had three sons.' (140430 jin e-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe lɤ-zo-nɯ kɯnɤ tɯtɯrca lu-zo-nɯ , tʰɯ-nɯqambɯmbjom-nɯ kɯnɤ tɯtɯrca cʰɯ-nɯqambɯmbjom-nɯ ,
Glosses: LNK AOR:UPSTREAM-land-PL also together IPFV:UPSTREAM-land-PL AOR:DOWNSTREAM-fly-PL also together IPFV:DOWNSTREAM-fly-PL
Translation: When they land they all land together, when they fly they all fly together.' (24-qro)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯtɯrca kɯ-dɯ~dɤn tu-ɬoʁ-nɯ ŋu .
Glosses: together SBJ:PCP-EMPH~be.many IPFV-come.out-PL be:FACT
Translation: They grow together in great numbers.' (21-jmAGni) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003572#S78"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯ-dɯ~dɤn ʑo tɯtɯrca tu-ɬoʁ ŋu .
Glosses: SBJ:PCP-EMPH~be.many EMPH together IPFV-come.out be:FACT
Translation: They grow together in great numbers.' (21-jmAGni) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003572#S80"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-rɟit kɯngɯt tɤ-tu ri , kɯtʂɤɣ nɯ-si . kɯtʂɤɣ nɯ-si-nɯ qʰe
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-child nine AOR-exist LNK six AOR-die six AOR-die-PL LNK
Translation: She had nine children, but six [of them] died. Six died, and…' (14-siblings) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003508#S16"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɤndʑi-ʁi ni s-cʰɯ́-wɣ-qru ŋu
Glosses: COLL-sibling DU TRAL-IPFV:DOWNSTREAM-INV-welcome be:FACT
Translation: Let's invite the two brothers down here.' (Nyima wodzer2003-2)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-tɤɕime ra , ci ɲɯ-ɣɯtsʰɤdɯɣ tɕe , kɤ-nɯ-rŋgɯ-nɯ
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-lady PL a.little SENS-be.hot LNK IMP-AUTO-lie.down-PL
Translation: My lady, it is a bit hot, lie down [to sleep].' (2014-kWlAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕeri tɤ-mu nɯ kɯ rɟɤlpu ra mɤ-rɤʑi-nɯ tɕe , pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ pjɤ-sɯ-sat .
Glosses: LNK INDEF.POSS-mother DEM ERG king PL NEG-stay:FACT-PL LNK bird DEM IFR-CAUS-kill
Translation: The woman had the bird killed while the king was away.' (2014-kWlAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: wo a-ʑi ra tɕʰindʐa ɲɯ-tɯ-nɤre ŋu
Glosses: INTERJ 1SG.POSS-young.lady PL why IPFV-2-laugh be:FACT
Translation: My lady, why are you laughing?' (2005 Kunbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-ʁi , nɤki tɕetʰi tɕe , tɯ-ci ɯ-ŋgɯ ɕ-pɯ-ru tɕe , ɕɯ kɯ ɲɯ-mpɕɤr-tɕi kɯ ?
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-younger.sibling FILLER downstream LOC INDEF.POSS-water 3SG.POSS-inside TRAL-IMP:DOWN-look LNK who ERG SENS-be.beautiful-1DU SFP
Translation: Sister, go and look down there in the water, who is the most beautiful of us?' (2014-kWlAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: “tɯ-rdoʁ kɯ a-sci a-tʰɯ-ndo-nɯ ntsʰi" ɲɯ-sɯsɤm pjɤ-ŋu
Glosses: one-piece ERG 1SG.POSS-instead IRR-PFV-take-PL be.better:FACT IPFV-think[III] IFR.IPFV-be
Translation: [The king] was thinking: `One of [my sons] should inherit the throne.” (140510 sanpian yumao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: iʑora tɕe ɕkɤpʰɤr tu-ti-nɯ tsuku kɯ ɕkɤjwaʁ tu-ti-nɯ ŋu ma
Glosses: 1PL LNK wild.chives IPFV-say-PL some ERG wild.chives IPFV-say-PL be:FACT LNK
Language: Japhug
Transcription: mɤ-xsi ko , nɯra ɲɤ-nɯ-jmɯt-a
Glosses: NEG-GENR:know SFP DEM:PL IFR-AUTO-forget-1SG
Translation: I don't know, I forgot about these things.' (phone conversation, 2013-12-24)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: skalpa ndʑɯɣ nɯ ɲɯ-ŋu tɕe , ji-nɯŋa pjɯ́-wɣ-nɯ-ntɕʰa ɲɯ-ntsʰi
Glosses: world be.destroyed:FACT DEM SENS-be LNK 1PL.POSS-cow IPFV-INV-AUTO-butcher SENS-be.better
Translation: The world is about to be destroyed, let us kill our cow.' (07-deluge) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003426#S7"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: iʑo kɯ-mɤku pɤjkʰu , ɯ-ɕɣa kɯ-mtɕoʁ nɯ ci ɲɯ́-wɣ-pʰɯt
Glosses: 1PL SBJ:PCP-be.first still 3SG.POSS-tooth SBJ:PCP-be.sharp DEM a.little IPFV-INV-take.out
Translation: Let us first take out its sharp teeth.' (150908 menglang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: iʑo kɯrɯ ra , nɤkinɯ , qajɣi lú-wɣ-nɯ-βzu tɕe
Glosses: 1PL Tibetan PL FILLER bread IPFV-INV-AUTO-make LNK
Translation: We Tibetans, when we make bread,' (160706 thotsi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯʑɤra pɯ-xtɕi-j tɕe ,
Glosses: GENR PST.IPFV-be.small-1PL LNK
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe jinde aj pɯ-mto-t-a me ri , pɯ-kɯ-xtɕi tɕe pɯ́-wɣ-mto
Glosses: LNK now 1SG AOR-see-PST:TR-1SG not.exist:FACT LNK PST.IPFV-GENR:S/O-be.small LNK AOR-INV-see
Translation: I have not seen any [wild crane] recently, but when we were young, we did see (some).' (22-qomndroN)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ʁʑɯnɯ tɕʰemɤli ra , ɲo-ta-nɯ tɕe , ɲo-ta tɕe ,
Glosses: young.man young.woman PL IFR-put-PL LNK IFR-put LNK
Translation: She left [there] the young men and women.' (2003kandzWsqhaj)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: oma , kɯβde pjɤ-sɯ-ɣe nɤ ! kɯβde pjɤ-sɯ-ɣe qʰe , nɯnɯra ɲɤ-nɤrɯra-ndʑi ri , ɲɤ-nɤrɯra-nɯ ri ,
Glosses: INTERJ four IFR:DOWN-CAUS-come SFP four IFR:DOWN-CAUS-come LNK DEM:PL IFR-look.around-DU LNK IFR-look.around-PL LNK
Translation: He sent four (of his daughters, not three), he sent four of them, and they looked around.' (150826 baoliandeng-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006370#S214"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ndɤre ɯ-pi ra kɯ lɤ́-wɣ-ɕaβ-ndʑi nɤ kɤ-akʰu-ndʑi ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: LNK 3SG.POSS-elder.sibling PL ERG AOR:UPSTREAM-INV-catch.up-DU LNK AOR-call-DU SENS-be
Translation: Her elder sisters and the others caught up with them and called.' (2005 Kunbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯnɯ kɯ-fse ʁnɯz jɤ-ɣe-ndʑi tɕe , ji-kʰa zɯ jɤ-ɣe tɕe
Glosses: DEM SBJ:PCP-be.like two AOR-come[II]-DU LNK 1PL.POSS-house LOC AOR-come[II] LNK
Translation: Two [ghosts] like that came, came to our house.' (150902 qixian-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006258#S136"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯŋa ra tɕi kɤ-ndza rga-nɯ , tɯrme kɯ tú-wɣ-ndza mɤ-sna .
Glosses: cow PL ERG INF-eat like:FACT-PL people ERG IPFV-GENR:A-eat NEG-be.good:FACT
Translation: Cows like to eat it, but it is not good for people.' (11-paRzwamWntoR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe lɯlu nɯ wuma ʑo pe tɕe , nɯnɯ , tɯrme ra kɯ nɯ nɯ-rga-nɯ tɕe
Glosses: LNK cat DEM really EMPH be.good:FACT LNK DEM people PL ERG DEM APPL-like:FACT-PL LNK
Translation: The cat is a very nice [animal], people like it.' (21-lWLU)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe wuma ʑo mɯ~mɤ-pɯ-kɯ-tso nɤ mɤ́-wɣ-mto
Glosses: LNK really EMPH COND~NEG-PST.IPFV-GENR:S/O-know LNK NEG-GENR:A-see:FACT
Translation: If you do not know it well, you won't see it.' (07-Cku) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003424#S57"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯrme pjɯ-sat-nɯ , tɯ-laχtɕʰa ɲɯ-kɯ-nɯsɯkʰo , tɕʰeme tɕe tu-kɯ-nɤkʰe kɯ-fse ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: people IPFV-kill-PL GENR.POSS-thing IPFV-GENR:S/O-rob woman LNK IPFV-GENR:S/O-bully SBJ:PCP-be.like SENS-be
Translation: They did things like killing people, robbing people's things, raping women.' (17-lhazgron)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯʑo tu-kɯ-rɯɕmi nɯra ɯ-ɲɯ́-tso ?
Glosses: GENR IPFV-GENR:S/O-speak DEM:PL QU-SENS-understand
Translation: Does [you son] understand when people speak?' (phone conversation 15-01-13)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕeri tɤ-pɤtso pɯ-kɯ-ŋu tɕe , nɯ kɤ-ndza wuma ʑo pɯ-kɯ-rga .
Glosses: LNK INDEF.POSS-child PST.IPFV-GENR:S/O-be LNK DEM INF-eat really EMPH PST.IPFV-GENR:S/O-like
Translation: When we were children, we used to like eating it a lot.' (12-ndZiNgri) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003488#S126"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯɕɯŋgɯ tɕe , iʑora tɕʰeme kɯ ʑɴɢro ɲɯ́-wɣ-lɤt , tɤ-tɕɯ ra kɯ ɟuli cʰɯ-lɤt-nɯ .
Glosses: long.ago LNK 1PL girl ERG Jews'.harp IPFV-GENR:A-release INDEF.POSS-boy PL ERG flute IPFV-release-PL
Translation: Long ago, among us women used to play the Jews' harp, while men used to play the flute.' (150907 ZNGro)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯnɯ kupa kɯ <gouweicao> tu-ti ŋu tɕe , kɯrɯ ra kɯ nɯ li kʰɯnajme tu-kɯ-ti ŋu tɕe ,
Glosses: DEM Chinese ERG setaria.viridis IPFV-say be:FACT LNK Tibetan PL ERG DEM again setaria.viridis IPFV-GENR-say be:FACTbe:FACT LNK
Translation: The Chinese call it `gouweicao', Tibetans call it khɯnajme.' (16-RlWmsWsi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe sɤndɤɣ tu-ti-nɯ ŋgrɤl . tɕe a-pɯ-sɯχsɤl-nɯ ʁo tɕe maka mɤ-pʰɯt-nɯ , na-pʰɯt-nɯ kɯnɤ cʰɯ-βde-nɯ ɕti . tɕe pjɯ-rɤtɕɯmtɕaʁ-nɯ ma `tɯrme ra kɯ a-mɤ-tɤ-ndo-nɯ ma ɣɯ-z-nɤndɤɣ-nɯ' ɲɯ-sɯso-nɯ .
Glosses: LNK be.poisonous:FACT IPFV-say-PL be.usually.the.case:FACT LNK IRR-PFV-recognize-PL ADVERS LNK at.all NEG-take.out:FACT-PL AOR:3→3'-take.out-PL even IPFV-throw.away-PL be.AFF:FACT LNK AOR-tread-PL LNK people PL ERG IRR-NEG-PFV-take-PL LNK INV-CAUS-be.poisoned:FACT-PL SENS-think-PL
Translation: People say that [this species of mushroom] is poisonous. If they recognize it, they don't pick it up, even if they pick it up they throw it away and stamp on it, thinking `[This way] other people won't take it and it will not poison them.” (23-grWBgrWBftsa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe ɯ-sɤ-rma nɯnɯ , praʁ , praʁpa tɕe ɕ-ku-rma ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: LNK 3SG.POSS-OBL:PCP-stay.the.night DEM cliff cavern LNK TRAL-IPFV-stay.the.night SENS-be
Translation: The place where its spends the night is the cliffs, it goes to spend the night in caverns under the cliffs.' (20-xsar)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-ɤstu (je)
Glosses: IMP-be.straight SFP
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-ɤstu-ndʑi (je)
Glosses: IMP-be.straight-DU SFP
Translation: Goodbye' (dual)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-ku-tɯ-nɤβdi ? ɯ-ku-tɯ-pe ?
Glosses: QU-PRS-2-feel.well QU-PRS-2-good
Translation: Do you feel well, are you fine?' (conversation, 16-12-28)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕiʑo ndɤ dɯxpa-tɕi ɣe , nɤ tɕendɤre , kɤ-ntɕʰa ɯ-spa ʑo ɕti-tɕi
Glosses: 1DU on.the.other.hand poor-1DU SFP LNK LNK OBJ:PCP-kill 3SG.POSS-material EMPH be.ASSERT:FACT-1DU
Translation: We, on the other hand, poor us! We are to be butchered.' (kandZislama2003.210)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ndʑi-ɣi ra , nɯni mɯ-ɲɤ-k-ɤtɯɣ-nɯ-ci , pjɤ-sɤzdɯɣpa-nɯ ma
Glosses: 3DU.POSS-relatives PL DEM:DU NEG-IFR-PEG-meet-PL-PEG IFR.IPFV-be.pityful-PL LNK
Translation: Their relatives did not meet them [again], poor them.' (2003 zrAntCW tWrme)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ŋa kə-ʃî-ŋ]=tə teɲê tsə̂s-ŋ
Glosses: 1SG SBJ:PCP-know[I]-1SG=TOP DEM:PL say[I]-1SG
Translation: I will say what I know about.' (Cogtse dialect, )
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [sanam-scə̄t kə no-kə-o-mbə̂-ŋ] tə , <zengguangxianwen> u-tʰiɛ̂ ˈnə-ŋɐs
Glosses: Bsod.nams-Skyid ERG AOR.INV-NMLZ-INV-give-1SG DET name 3SG.POSS-book SENS-be[I]
Translation: What Bsod nams Skyid gave me is the book `Zengguan xianwen.” (Bragbar dialect, )
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe mtsʰu nɯ ɲɤ-me tɕe ,
Glosses: LNK lake DEM IFR-not.exist LNK
Translation: Then the lake disappeared.' (2003nyima-2)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-ftsoʁ nɯ ɲo-me , ɲo-nɯ-ɣɤ-me qʰe
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-female.hybrid.yak DEM IFR-not.exist IFR-AUTO-CAUS-not.exist LNK
Translation: Her female hybrid yak was gone, she lost it.' (gesar 2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-pi ra ɯ-jmŋo ɯ-ŋgɯ nɯtɕu , pjɤ-nɯ-rɤ-rɤt-nɯ , pjɤ-ɤ<nɯ>ɣro-nɯ qʰe , wuma ʑo pjɤ-scit-nɯ ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-elder.sibling PL 3SG.POSS-dream 3SG.POSS-inside DEM:LOC IFR.IPFV-AUTO-APASS-write-PL IFR.IPFV-<AUTO>play-PL LNK really EMPH IFR.IPFV-be.happy-PL SENS-be
Translation: In her dream, her elder brothers were drawing, they were playing, they were very happy.' (140520 ye tiane-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe nɯra pjɤ-k-ɤ<nɯ>ɣro-nɯ-ci tɕe
Glosses: LNK DEM:PL IFR.IPFV-PEG-<AUTO>play-PL-PEG LNK
Translation: They were playing.' (140510 fengwang-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003939#S33"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tʂu ɯ-rkɯ zɯ si tɯ-pʰɯ pjɤ-tu , si tɯ-pʰɯ nɯ ɯ-pʰaʁ ɯ-ntsi nɯ pjɤ-rom ʑo , ɯ-pʰaʁ ɯ-ntsi nɯ pjɤ-k-ɤrŋi-ci ʑo ,
Glosses: path 3SG.POSS-side LOC tree one-tree IFR.IPFV-exist tree one-tree DEM 3SG.POSS-half 3SG.POSS-one.of.a.pair DEM IFR.IPFV-be.dry EMPH 3SG.POSS-half 3SG.POSS-one.of.a.pair DEM IFR.IPFV-PEG-be.green-PEG EMPH
Translation: On the side of the road, there was a tree, one half of that tree was dead and the other half was green. (The divination 2002)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕoχtsi ɯ-taʁ nɯtɕu , nɤkinɯ , qajɣi kɯβde , cʰa kɯβde-pʰoŋ pjɤ-k-ɤ-ta-ci .
Glosses: table 3SG.POSS-on DEM:LOC FILLER bread four alcohol four-bottle IFR.IPFV-PEG-PASS-put-PEG
Translation: There were four pieces of bread and four bottles of alcohol on the table.' (140510 sanpian sheye-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo , … tɯrme ɣɯ ɯ-ʁjoʁ ɲɤ-k-ɤβzu-a-ci
Glosses: 1SG _ person GEN 3SG.POSS-servant IFR-PEG-become-1SG-PEG
Translation: (The horse realized that he had been tricked by the man and thought) I have become a slave of men!' (2014 ma he lu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤʑo pɣa ɲɤ-tɯ-ɤβzu ɕti tɕe
Glosses: 2SG bird IFR-2-become be.AFF:FACT LNK
Translation: You have become a bird!' (160630 abao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: l̥amu ɲə-a-ʃe
Glosses: ANTHR IFR:WEST-IFR-go
Translation: Lhamu went westwards.' (Tatshi dialect, )
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɬamu ɲɤ-ɕe
Glosses: ANTHR IFR:WEST-go
Translation: Lhamu went westwards.' (Kamnyu dialect)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɲə-tə-a-nɯɲɐmkʰe
Glosses: B.PREVERB-2-IFR-be.lean
Translation: You got lean.' (Tatshi dialect, heard in context)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɲɤ-tɯ-nɯɲɤmkʰe
Glosses: IFR-2-be.lean
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-kɤcu tɕe iɕqʰa mtsʰu kɯ-wɣrum nɯ ɣɯ ɯ-taʁ nɯtɕu ko-zɣɯt-ndʑi .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-east LOC the.aforementioned lake SBJ:PCP-be.white DEM GEN 3SG.POSS-on DEM:LOC IFR:EAST-reach-DU
Translation: They arrived at the white lake east of there.' (28-smAnmi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: alo nɤ alo kɤ-ɣe-a ma ɯ-ʁɤri ku-kɯ-ɣi tɕe , ɲɯ-ɣɯtsʰɤdɯɣ .
Glosses: upstream ADD upstream AOR:EAST-come[II]-1SG LNK 3SG.POSS-front IPFV:EAST-GENR:S/O-come LNK SENS-be.hot
Translation: I came [here], (eastwards from the point of origin) by [the road that lies] closer to the mountain, when one comes by the [road that is located] in the front (closer to the river), it is too hot.' (conversation, 140510)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe ndzom ɯ-pa nɯtɕu tɯ-ci ɯ-rkɯ nɯtɕu pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ to-nɯ-ɬoʁ tɕe
Glosses: LNK bridge 3SG.POSS-under DEM:LOC INDEF.POSS-water 3SG.POSS-side DEM:LOC bird DEM IFR:UP-AUTO-come.out LNK
Translation: The bird came out from under the bridge, near the river.' (2002 qaCpa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯmɯnɤmkʰa zɯ pjɤ-nɯ-ɬoʁ-nɯ .
Glosses: heaven LOC IFR:DOWN-AUTO-come.out-PL
Translation: [They] came down from heaven.' (150828 niulang-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006318#S48"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: sɲikuku ʑo tɕe tɯmɯnɤmkʰa nɯtɕu , qro χsɯm pjɯ-ɣi-nɯ
Glosses: every.day EMPH LNK heaven DEM:LOC pigeon three IPFV:DOWN-come-PL
Translation: Everyday, three pigeons came down from heaven.' (31-deluge)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: <bazi> ɯ-ŋgɯ ri tɤ-ŋke-a ma , kɯ-ɤrqʰi kɤ-ɕe mɯ-ku-cʰa-a .
Glosses: yard 3SG.POSS-in LOC AOR-walk-1SG LNK SBJ:PCP-be.far INF-go NEG-PRS-can-1SG
Translation: I had a walk in the yard, I cannot go very far.' (conversation, 2017-09-21)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rɟɤmtsʰu ɯ-pɕoʁ tɕe jo-ndʑaʁ tɕe jo-ɕe .
Glosses: sea 3SG.POSS-side LOC IFR-swim LNK IFR-go
Translation: He swam towards the sea.' (150830 baihe jiemei-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rɟara ɯ-ŋgɯ cʰɤ-rɟɯɣ ri ,
Glosses: yard 3SG.POSS-in IFR:DOWNSTREAM-run LNK
Translation: He ran out into the yard.' (140505 bulaimei-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003911#S104"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe jo-ŋke jo-ɕe tɕe tɕe , <changcheng> … ɯ-kɯ-βzu ra nɯ-ɕki tɕe jo-zɣɯt .
Glosses: LNK IFR-walk IFR-go LNK LNK great.wall _ 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-make PL 3PL.POSS-DAT LOC IFR-arrive
Translation: She went [there] on foot and arrived where people were building the Great Wall.' (150827 mengjiangnv-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006290#S145"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: zgo tʰɤstɯɣ ja-nnɯ-pɣaʁ-ndʑi , tɯ-ci tɕʰi jarma ja-n-nɯmɢla-ndʑi mɤ-xsi ma ,
Glosses: mountain how.many AOR:3→3-AUTO-turn.over-DU INDEF.POSS-water what about AOR:3→3-AUTO-cross-DU NEG-GENR:know LNK
Translation: It is not known how many mountains and rivers they crossed.' (qajdoskAt 2002) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003366#S50"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ji-kʰɯtsa sɤ-rku tsʰaŋ nɯnɯ , ta-nɤjoʁjoʁ-nɯ ta-nɯtʰaj-nɯ qʰe rcanɯ , <xuexiao> ɣɯ ɯ-<caochang> ɯ-χcɤl ʑo na-tsɯm-nɯ .
Glosses: 1PL.POSS-bowl OBL:PCP-put.in cupboard DEM AOR:3→3-lift.up.and.go.around-PL AOR:3→3-lift.up.and.carry-PL LNK UNEXP:DEG school GEN 3SG.POSS-playground 3SG.POSS-center EMPH AOR:3→3:EAST-take.away-PL
Translation: They lifted up the cupboard where we put our bowls, and carried it to the middle of the school playground.' (150831 BZW kAnArRaR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-pɕi zɯ jú-wɣ-sco , sɤtɕʰa kɯ-ɤrqʰi zɯ pjɯ́-wɣ-lɤt ma-pɯ́-wɣ-sat ra tu-kɯ-ti ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-outside LOC IPFV-INV-send place SBJ:PCP-be.far LOC IPFV:DOWN-INV-release NEG-IMP-INV-kill be.needed:FACT IPFV:DOWN-GENR:S/O-say SENS-be
Translation: One has to send [the snake] outside, to a place far away without killing it, people say.' (2010-11)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-wa kɯ ɣɯ-lɤ́-wɣ-lɤt-i
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-father ERG CISL-IFR:UPSTREAM-INV-release-1PL
Translation: His father give us a ride here (from Chengdu to Mbarkham).' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rŋɯl rɟɤskɤt ɯ-taʁ tɤ́-wɣ-sɯx-ɕe ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: silver stairs 3SG.POSS-on IFR:UP-INV-CAUS-go SENS-be
Translation: They made her go up the silver stairs.' (2003 Kunbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɲɤ-mtsɯr qʰe tɕendɤre ɯ-pʰɯŋgɯ nɯtɕu iɕqʰa nɯ , qajɣi ci ɲɤ-tɕɤt tɕe to-nɯ-ndza .
Glosses: IFR-be.hungry LNK LNK 3SG.POSS-fold.of.clothes DEM.LOC FILLER DEM bread INDEF IFR-take.out LNK IFR-AUTO-eat
Translation: He became hungry, took a piece of bread from the folds of his clothes and ate it.' (150830 san ge heshang-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006416#S129"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rɟɤmtsʰu ɯ-mŋu zɯ ju-tɕɤt-nɯ tɕe
Glosses: ocean 3SG.POSS-border LOC IPFV-take.out-PL LNK
Translation: [The whalers] take [the whale] to the shore.' (160703 jingyu)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo tʰɤjtɕu jamar nɤ-kʰa ju-ɣi-a pe ?
Glosses: 1SG when about 2SG.POSS-house IPFV-come-1SG be.good:FACT
Translation: What time should I go to your house?' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-rca jɤ-ɣi
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-following IMP-come
Translation: Come with me.' (several attestations)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤ-rca tu-ɣi-a ra ma kutɕu aʑo-sti ku-rɤʑi-a mɯ́j-cʰa-a
Glosses: 2SG.POSS-following IPFV:UP-come-1SG be.needed:FACT LNK here 1SG-alone IPFV-stay-1SG NEG:SENS-can-1SG
Translation: I am going [to heaven] with you, I cannot stay here alone.' (02-deluge) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003376#S74"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤ-rca tu-kɯ-tsɯm-a ra
Glosses: 2SG.POSS-following IPFV:UP-2→1-take.away-1SG be.needed:FACT
Translation: Take me with you [to heaven].' (31-deluge) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0004077#S71"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe tɕekɯ zɯ rŋɯl-kʰri ndi ɲɤ-ɕtʰɯz , tɕendi zɯ kɯ ko-ɕtʰɯz tɕe ,
Glosses: LNK east.DISTAL LOC silver-seat west IFR:WEST-turn.towards west.DISTAL LOC east IFR:EAST-turn.towards LNK
Translation: On the eastearn side, he turned the silver seat towards the west, and on the western side he turned [the other seat] towards the east.' (smAnmi2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe nɯ kʰɯtsa nɯ tu-ɕtʰɯz-nɯ , tɯ-mɲaʁ ɯ-pa ri tu-ɕtʰɯz-nɯ kɯ-fse tɕe ,
Glosses: LNK DEM bowl DEM IPFV:UP-turn.towards-PL INDEF.POSS-eye 3SG.POSS-below LOC IPFV:UP-turn.towards-PL INF:STAT-be.like LNK
Translation: [The lamas] turn the bowl upwards below the eye [of the patient].' (27-tApGi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯ-fsoʁ ɯ-jroʁ kɯ-fse ci ju-tʰi tɕe ,
Glosses: SBJ:PCP-be.bright 3SG.POSS-trace SBJ:PCP-be.like INDEF IPFV:UNSPECIFIED-leave.trace[III] LNK
Translation: The shooting star leaves something like a bright trail.' (29-mWBZi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: jɤ-armbat tɕe ku-rtoʁ tɕe , tɕeri ɯʑo ɯ-pi ʁnɯz nɯni pjɤ-ŋu-ndʑi .
Glosses: AOR-be.close LNK IPFV-look LNK LNK 3SG 3SG.POSS-elder.sibling two DEM:DU IFR.IPFV-be-DU
Translation: As he moved closer, he saw that [the people about to be executed] were his brothers.' (140507 jinniao-zh) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003931#S318"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: mɯ-jɤ-ɲat ʑo mɤɕtʂa jo-ɕe
Glosses: NEG-AOR-be.tired EMPH until IFR-go
Translation: He went [after them] until he became tired.' (160706 poucet6) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0006109#S45"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: alo nɤ lo-rɟɯɣ atʰi nɤ cʰɤ-rɟɯɣ
Glosses: upstream ADD IFR:UPSTREAM-run downstream ADD IFR:DOWNSTREAM-run
Translation: He ran upstream and downstream.' (160720 kandZislama)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-ndɤcu tɕe , mtsʰu kɯ-wɣrum ci ɲɤ-k-ɤtɯɣ-ci .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-west LOC lake SBJ:PCP-be.white INDEF IFR:WEST-PEG-meet-PEG
Translation: In the west from there, he came upon a white lake.' (28-smAnmi) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0004063#S97"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕʰi nɯ ɣɯ ɯ-taʁ tɤ-ari ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: tree.trunk.stairway DEM GEN 3SG.POSS-on AOR:UP-go[II] SENS-be
Translation: He went up the tree trunk stairway.' (2005 Kunbzang)