lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: we ndï=tï akïnaka=pe
Glosses: sago 3PL=take young=COP-DEP
Translation: [We] took the sago starch when [we] were young.’ [ulwa014_00:13]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: manji alum ma=tï indae
Glosses: 3SG.OBJ-POSS child 3SG.OBJ=take walk-IPFV
Translation: [I] carried her child around.’ [ulwa032_16:32]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ko angwena ma=n inim atïna nai
Glosses: just why 3SG.OBJ=OBL water hit-IRR DETR-go.PFV
Translation: Why did [you] just go to throw it in the water?’ [ulwa032_28:44]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nïnji alum ndï nï Wopata anda=pe ndï=inap
Glosses: 1SG-POSS child 3PL 1SG [place] SG.DIST=be-DEP 3PL=get-PFV
Translation: My children – I had them when I was there at Wopata.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Talamba ulum ala ndï ndï=nap ambla=walie
Glosses: [place] palm PL.DIST 3PL 3PL=for PL.REFL=hit-IPFV
Translation: Those palms at Talamba – they were fighting on account of them.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nïpïl ala ala ndï=walie
Glosses: vine PL.DIST PL.DIST 3PL=hit-IPFV
Translation: Those vines – people used to beat them.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nïnji yenat ngala nï na=n ndï=ta
Glosses: 1SG-POSS daughter PL.PROX 1SG talk=OBL 3PL=say
Translation: My daughters – I told them: …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: yana mï yata ma=asap i
Glosses: woman 3SG.SUBJ man 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV go.PFV
Translation: The woman hit the man [and] [the woman/*the man] left.’ [elicited]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kolpe mana ma=toplïp liu
Glosses: [name] spear 3SG.OBJ=throw-put-PFV down-put
Translation: Kolpe threw the spear [but] [Kolpe/*the spear] fell.’ [elicited]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: alum mï uleplïp
Glosses: child 3SG.SUBJ jump-put-PFV
Translation: The child jumped.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: alum mï liu
Glosses: child 3SG.SUBJ down-put
Translation: The child fell.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï amun natan
Glosses: 1SG now DETR-say-IPFV
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï amun kïkalwana
Glosses: 1SG now ear-feel
Language: English
Transcription: yata mï awal ya ma=tï yananu ma=nana
Glosses: man 3SG.SUBJ yesterday coconut 3SG.OBJ=take woman 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV
Translation: Yesterday the man gave the woman a coconut.
Language: English
Transcription: ma=nata we mï ma=n ulum ndï=n alin[da]
Glosses: 3SG.OBJ=give-COND then 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ=OBL palm 3PL=OBL scrape-IRR
Translation: If [they] give her [it], then she will scrape sago palms with it.’ [ulwa022_00:18]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï=nane mane ndï ndï=amae
Glosses: 3PL=give-PFV-DEP go-IPFV-DEP 3PL 3PL=eat-IPFV
Translation: Going and giving them, they would eat them.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Alma mï lamndu ma=tï Kongos ma=nan
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ pig 3SG.OBJ=take [name] 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV
Translation: Alma gave a pig to Kongos.’ (Literally ‘Alma took a pig; [Alma] gave Kongos.’) [elicited]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï=tï wa nai ndï=tï nïnji inom ma=nana
Glosses: 3PL=take village DETR-go.PFV 3PL=take 1SG-POSS mother 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV
Translation: [He] brought them home and gave them to my mother.’ (Literally ‘took them; gave my mother’) [ulwa013_01:22]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ngan tana ma=tï ma=nan
Glosses: 1DU.EXCL axe 3SG.OBJ=take 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV
Translation: We gave him the axe.’ (Literally ‘We took the axe; [we] gave him.’) [ulwa014†]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: wawana mu ko=tï ma=nane
Glosses: plant.species fruit INDF=take 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV-DEP
Translation: [They] gave him a fruit.’ [ulwa020_02:01]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: imba pta wondi anda=tï unan=nanda
Glosses: night be-COND bandicoot SG.DIST=take 1PL.INCL=give-IRR
Translation: When night comes, [he] will give us that bandicoot.’ [ulwa029_05:31]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: an ango kuma=tï u=nanda
Glosses: 1PL.EXCL NEG some=take 2SG=give-IRR
Translation: We won’t give you any!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mu kuma=tï nï=nan
Glosses: seed some=take 1SG=give-IMP
Translation: Give some seeds to me!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï yena ndï=tï ndï=nane ndï ndï=ul wop
Glosses: 3PL woman 3PL=take 3PL=give-PFV-DEP 3PL 3PL=with sleep-PFV
Translation: They gave the women to them and they slept with them.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: uma ndï=tïne Wombasame ma=nane mï ndï=n nie
Glosses: bone 3PL=take-PFV-DEP [name] 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV-DEP 3SG.SUBJ 3PL=OBL act-IPFV
Translation: [They] gave the bones to Wombasame, and he began playing with them.’ [ulwa001_00:47]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï ani ndï=mokop ndï=nana
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ bilum 3PL=take-PFV 3PL=give-PFV
Translation: He gave them the bilum [= string bags] [one by one].’ [ulwa001_04:59]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï=tï wa i ndï=weawe ndï=mokoe lapun ndï=nane
Glosses: 3PL=take village go.PFV 3PL=cut-put.IPFV-DEP 3PL=take-DEP old 3PL=give-PFV-DEP
Translation: [They] used to bring them home, cut them, and give them out to the old people.’ (lapun = TP) [ulwa029_01:46]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ndï=tï anmbïlïp ndï=mokoe ambla=nane
Glosses: 3PL 3PL=take out-here-put-PFV 3PL=take-DEP PL.REFL=give-PFV-DEP
Translation: They got them out and were sharing them among themselves.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ilum mokoe ambla=nane
Glosses: 3PL little take-DEP PL.REFL=give-PFV-DEP
Translation: They would share little [pieces] with each other.’ [ulwa029_02:35]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï atuma wot ala mundu mokoe ambla=nane
Glosses: 3PL older.brother younger PL.DIST food take-DEP PL.REFL=give-PFV-DEP
Translation: They, those brothers, shared the food.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ma isi wanap yawa ala=nanda
Glosses: 3SG.OBJ soup cook-PFV uncle PL.DIST=give-IRR
Translation: [They] will cook her soup and give [it] to the uncles.’ [ulwa014_38:05]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: an keka ma=nïkïp ndï=nan
Glosses: 1PL.EXCL completely 3SG.OBJ=dig-PFV 3PL=give-PFV
Translation: We butchered it and gave it out completely to them.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï=in u itïtïl ndï=sie
Glosses: 3PL=in from dust 3PL=push-IPFV
Translation: [I] was pushing the dust out from them.’ (i.e., shaking out the dust) [ulwa037_57:21]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u=nap ndï=si apïn lïp
Glosses: 2SG=for 3PL=push fire put-PFV
Translation: [They] put them on the fire for you.’ [ulwa014_36:41]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nawoli mangusuwa imbakae apa i wutï si nï=imbamlïp
Glosses: [name] 3SG.OBJ-poor night-at-DEP house go.PFV leg push 1SG=under-put-PFV
Translation: Nawoli, the poor thing, came to [my] house at night and put [his] legs under me.’ [ulwa014_22:02]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nungol mï ikali ma=si
Glosses: child 3SG.SUBJ hand-send 3SG.OBJ=push
Translation: The son grabbed it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u wa li ma=ma ikali ma=sina
Glosses: 2SG just down 3SG.OBJ=go hand-send 3SG.OBJ=push-IRR
Translation: You’ll just go down there and grab it?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Gwam mï tawa ndï=n yena min=ul sina
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ wound 3PL=OBL mother 3DU=with push-IRR
Translation: Gwam will show her wounds to the two women.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Gwam mï tawa ndï=n ndï wopa lu sie
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ wound 3PL=OBL 3PL all with push-IPFV
Translation: Gwam is showing her wounds to everyone.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: itom nap=nï uta ma=asap
Glosses: father arrow=OBL bird 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: Father shot the bird with an arrow.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï manji sina ma=n mundu ma=weup
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ-POSS knife 3SG.OBJ=OBL food 3SG.OBJ=cut-put-PFV
Translation: He cut the food with his knife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Anton mangusuwata inim=nï an=anap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.OBJ-poor water=OBL 1PL.EXCL=scrub-PFV
Translation: Anton, the poor thing, baptized us.’ (Literally ‘scrubbed us with water’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï anam=nï ndï=atïna
Glosses: 1SG lightning=OBL 3PL=hit-IRR
Translation: I will strike them with lightning.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï yot=nï ma=asap
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ machete=OBL 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: He hit it with [his] machete.’ [ulwa035_02:25]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nïnji apa ma=i nji ndï=n apa up
Glosses: 1SG-POSS house 3SG.OBJ=go.PFV thing 3PL=OBL house put-PFV
Translation: [I] went to my house and put things in the house.’ [ulwa040_00:17]
Language: English
Transcription: lamndu nungol ko=asape an ma=n im itap
Glosses: pig child INDF=hit-PFV-DEP 1PL.EXCL 3SG.OBJ=OBL tree tie-PFV
Translation: [They] killed a small pig and we tied it to stick.’ [ulwa031_03:51]
Language: English
Transcription: wa ala lïmndï unan=nï mbïu ma=utae
Glosses: village PL.DIST eye 1PL.INCL=OBL here-from 3SG.OBJ=grind-IPFV
Translation: Those [people from other] villages see it here among us.’ [ulwa037_23:05]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: min=tï ambï=n ani ma=inlïp
Glosses: 3DU=take SG.REFL=OBL bilum 3SG.OBJ=in-put-PFV
Translation: [I] put them into the bilum [= string bag] for myself.’ [ulwa037_01:57]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï ma=ul apïn=nï ma=amae
Glosses: 1SG 3SG.OBJ=with fire=OBL 3SG.OBJ=eat-IPFV
Translation: I burn it with him.’ (Literally ‘I eat it with [= by means of] fire with [= along with] him.’) [ulwa014_13:05]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï ma=ul ndï=n mbïup
Glosses: 1SG 3SG.OBJ=with 3PL=OBL here-put-PFV
Translation: I planted them here with him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï=n maka ya ndï=iya ata undae
Glosses: 3PL=OBL thus coconut 3PL=toward up go-IPFV
Translation: With them [= straps around their feet] [they] would go up coconut trees like that.’ [ulwa018_01:05]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ala nï=n amba nga=u numbu lïp itana man
Glosses: PL.DIST 1SG=OBL mens.house SG.PROX=from post put-PFV build-IRR go-IPFV
Translation: They are going to tie me to a post in this men’s house.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ango maka ngin=nï utae
Glosses: NEG thus net=OBL grind-IPFV
Translation: [They] didn’t catch [fish] with the nets.’ [ulwa036_02:24]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ango ma=n ambi itanate
Glosses: NEG 3SG.OBJ=OBL big build-IRR-SPEC-DEP
Translation: [I] won’t build it [too] big.’ [ulwa042_05:46]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ango ndï=n anma asap
Glosses: 3PL NEG 3PL=OBL good hit-PFV
Translation: They did not kill them well.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u ma=tï indae ma=n anma tï indae
Glosses: 2SG 3SG.OBJ=take walk-DEP 3SG.OBJ=OBL good take walk-DEP
Translation: You carry her, carry her well.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: apa mï ndï ma=n tembi itap
Glosses: house 3SG.SUBJ 3PL 3SG.OBJ=OBL bad build-PFV
Translation: The house – they built it poorly.
Language: German
Transcription: mï unan=n ma=wat pe wombïn=n nie
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ 1PL.INCL=OBL 3SG.OBJ=atop be-DEP work=OBL act-IPFV
Translation: He is hurting us by doing work during it [= this period of mourning].’ [ulwa030_05:00]
Language: German
Transcription: tembi nji ngala apa=n ndï=n mbïlïp
Glosses: bad thing PL.PROX house=OBL 3PL=OBL here-put-PFV
Translation: These bad things [= flies] have put [their] house [i.e., nest] here to their disadvantage.’ [ulwa032_30:19]
Language: German
Transcription: ndï mokum an=ïn wandam pe ndï=ama
Glosses: 3PL stealth 1PL.EXCL=OBL jungle be-DEP 3PL=eat
Translation: They are stealthily in [our] jungles, eating them [= our crops]!’ [ulwa032_38:45]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ala an=ïn pe ndï=walie
Glosses: PL.DIST 1PL.EXCL=OBL be-DEP 3PL=hit-IPFV
Translation: People were killing them [= our dogs], while we were there suffering for it.’ [ulwa032_11:43]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nïpokonam=pta u=n ma=pna
Glosses: hard=COP-COND 2SG=OBL 3SG.OBJ=be-IRR
Translation: If [the soil] is hard, [it] will be no good for you.’ (Literally ‘If hard, [it] will be there to your disadvantage.’) [ulwa037_50:58]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï awal wandam ma=u lop
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ yesterday jungle 3SG.OBJ=from go-PFV
Translation: Yesterday, he went around in jungle.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: un amun ma=n u maka wombïn nga=mokop
Glosses: 2PL now 3SG.OBJ=OBL from thus work SG.PROX=take-PFV
Translation: You recently got this work from him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: an mbïlop wop mundu anasae
Glosses: 1PL.EXCL here-go-PFV sleep-PFV hunger 1PL.EXCL-hit-IPFV
Translation: We came here, spent the night, and we were hungry.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mundu u=atïna
Glosses: hunger 2SG=hit-IRR
Translation: You will be hungry.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï ango mundu nï=walie
Glosses: 1SG NEG hunger 1SG=hit-IPFV
Translation: I wasn’t hungry.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï ndï=n ka mata ndï mundu ndï=atïna
Glosses: 1SG 3PL=OBL let go-COND 3PL hunger 3PL=hit-IRR
Translation: If I leave them and go, they will be hungry.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nïnji nungolke ngala mundu ndï=asape
Glosses: 1SG-POSS child PL.PROX hunger 3PL=hit-PFV-DEP
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: unan mbïpe mane mundu unan=ae
Glosses: 1PL.INCL here-be-DEP go-IPFV-DEP hunger 1PL.INCL-break-IPFV
Translation: But we are going around here and hunger is breaking us.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nïnji uma ngala apïn=pe
Glosses: 1SG-POSS bone PL.PROX fire=COP-DEP
Translation: These bones of mine were hurting.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï ndï=nap unipe
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ 3PL=for shout-PFV-DEP
Translation: She was angry about them [= seeds].’ [ulwa014_12:24]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: we nï ma=ul unie
Glosses: then 1SG 3SG.OBJ=with shout-IPFV
Translation: Then I got angry with her.
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: Dimes Susan min luke i ma=pta minnji itana mane
Glosses: [name] [name] 3DU too go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=be-COND 3DU-POSS build-IRR go-IPFV-DEP
Translation: If Dimes and Susan go there, too, [then they] are going to build their [house there].’ [ulwa042_06:08]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: imnde ame ala=tï indae
Glosses: basket basket PL.DIST=take walk-IPFV
Translation: [They] carried around baskets.’ [ulwa014_67:27]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: yeta yena ala nakuklunda
Glosses: man woman PL.DIST DETR-gather-put-IRR
Translation: The boys and girls would gather.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: manji atana atuma ndï=iya wa i
Glosses: 3SG.OBJ-POSS older.sister older.brother 3PL=toward village go.PFV
Translation: [He] went to his older brothers and sisters in the village.’ [ulwa001_03:35]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï=tïne nïnji wutï i tembi=pe
Glosses: 1SG=take-PFV-DEP 1SG-POSS leg hand bad=COP-DEP
Translation: When it got me, my legs and arms were injured.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Bill Elvis ndï ma=lop
Glosses: [name] [name] 3PL 3SG.OBJ=go-PFV
Translation: Bill and Elvis went there.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: anapa yawa ngata ndunduma ndï wopa ma=landa
Glosses: sister uncle grand great-grandparent 3PL all 3SG.OBJ=eat-IRR
Translation: Sisters, uncles, grandparents, and great-grandparents would all eat it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ganmali Dumngul an ma=lop lilïp
Glosses: [name] [name] 1PL.EXCL 3SG.OBJ=cut-PFV down-put-PFV
Translation: Ganmali, Dumngul, and I cut it down.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Awandana nganwe indape ngan iwa tï ndï=nambïlïp indap
Glosses: [name] 1DU.EXCL-PART.INT walk-PFV-DEP 1DU.EXCL basket take 3PL=skin-put-PFV walk-PFV
Translation: When Awandana and I alone went, we two got the fish trap, blocked them, and went.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: njukuta ambi nain
Glosses: small big DETR-come-PFV
Translation: Both big and small [people] came.’ [ulwa029_03:52]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tïn mbunmana ambi mï unip
Glosses: dog black big 3SG.SUBJ shout-PFV
Translation: The big, black dog barked.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tïmbïl ambi nïpat ngata anda=itana
Glosses: fence big giant grant SG.DIST=build-IRR
Translation: [You] will build that big, huge, giant fence.’ [ulwa042_00:43]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tokples njukuta ilum wa ndï=tane
Glosses: tokples small little just 3PL=say-IPFV-DEP
Translation: Little, short tokples [= vernacular] stories – [I] am just telling them.’ (tokples = TP) [ulwa032_14:59]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: namndu mï ambi ngata=pe
Glosses: pig 3SG.SUBJ big grand=COP-DEP
Translation: The pig was really big.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Alimban mï lamndu ma=asap ma=amap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV
Translation: Alimban killed and ate the pig.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yawana mï utam ma=wanap ma=amap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ yam 3SG.OBJ=cook-PFV 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV
Translation: Yawana cooked and ate the yam.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: min ko ma=asa ma=amap
Glosses: 3DU just 3SG.OBJ=hit 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV
Translation: The two killed and ate it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Guren mï lïmndï lamndu ma=ala ma=asap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ eye pig 3SG.OBJ=see 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: Guren saw and killed the pig.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: lamndu walie ndï=amae
Glosses: pig hit-IPFV 3PL=eat-IPFV
Translation: [They] would kill and eat pigs.’ [ulwa014_62:54]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Alimban mï lamndu ma=asap mundu ndï=wanap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV food 3PL=cook-PFV
Translation: Alimban killed the pig and cooked the meat.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [mangusuwa asa] [mï nip]
Glosses: [3SG.OBJ-poor hit] [3SG.SUBJ die-PFV]
Translation: [They] struck the poor thing and he died.’ [ulwa037_30:42]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [nï mbïwap] [ma=kotp]
Glosses: [1SG here-be.PST] [3SG.OBJ=break-PFV]
Translation: I stayed here and [I] bore her.’ [ulwa014†]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [mangusuwa mbïwap] [mï amun naman]
Glosses: [3SG.OBJ-poor here-be.PST] [3SG.SUBJ now DETR-go-IPFV]
Translation: The poor thing stayed here and today she’s leaving.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [mï ango maka Nïmalnu wa ma=p] [mï nai]
Glosses: [3SG.SUBJ NEG thus Manu village 3SG.OBJ=be] [3SG.SUBJ DETR-go.PFV]
Translation: He didn’t stay in Manu village, but he went.
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: u wandam mana o nï wandam mana
Glosses: 2SG jungle go-IRR or 2SG jungle go-IRR
Translation: Either you will go to the jungle or I will go to the jungle.’ (o < TP o ‘or’)
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: wambana tïn ma=landa o an ma wanwane angop i ndï=wanap ndï=landa
Glosses: fish take-PFV 3SG.OBJ=eat-IRR or 1PL.EXCL go mushroom pull.out-PFV go.PFV 3PL=cook-PFV 3PL=eat-IRR
Translation: Either [they] would catch a fish and [we] would eat it or we would go, pick mushrooms, go cook them, and eat them.’ (o < TP o ‘or’) [ulwa032_01:53]
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: nï mana o nï mbïpna nï ango kalam
Glosses: 1SG go-IRR or 1SG here-be-IRR 1SG NEG knowledge
Translation: Should I go or should I stay? I don’t know.’ (o < TP o ‘or’)
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: Kawana mï mïnda o utam amap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ banana or yam eat-PFV
Translation: Kawana ate either a banana or a yam.’ (o < TP o ‘or’)
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: u o nï wandam mana
Glosses: 2SG or 1SG jungle go-IRR
Translation: Either you or I will go to the jungle.’ (o < TP o ‘or’)
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: mïnal o mil o utam o nongontam mï keka ndï=n up
Glosses: taro or sugarcane or yam or kaukau 3SG.SUBJ completely 3PL=OBL put-PFV
Translation: [Whether it be] taro or sugarcane or yam or kaukau [= sweet potato], he planted them all.’ (o < TP o ‘or’) [ulwa006_02:53]
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: Bopten na Yar ngusuwa ndï wome ma=tï ndï=nane
Glosses: [place] and [place] poor 3PL middle 3PL=take 3PL=give-PFV-DEP
Translation: The poor [people from] Bopten and Yar gave them the middle [piece of land between Bopten and Yar villages].’ (na < TP na ‘and’) [ulwa014_17:02]
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: tïklika na anmbïi
Glosses: turn-let and out-here-go.PFV
Translation: [I] turned and came out.’ (na < TP na ‘and’) [ulwa040_00:32]
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: Pisuwa ma Yaluwa min=ul loe
Glosses: [name] and [name] 3DU=with go-IPFV
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nambul ma Wangasa min ma=wat pe ambin=asap
Glosses: [name] and [name] 3DU 3SG.OBJ=atop be-DEP DU.REFL=hit-PFV
Translation: Nambul and Wangasa fought over it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Donna ma ndï ma=lop
Glosses: [name] and 3PL 3SG.OBJ=go-PFV
Translation: Donna and they went there.
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: ay nïkïp ma ndï=mokota ndï=nata mana
Glosses: sago dig-PFV and 3PL=take-COND 3PL=give-COND go-IRR
Translation: [I] have made sago and will go and give them [= servings of sago] to them.’ [ulwa013_01:03]
Language: Ambakich
Transcription: nïnji yanat mï tembi=pe nonganup
Glosses: 1SG-POSS daughter 3SG.SUBJ bad=COP-DEP vomit-put-PFV
Translation: My daughter vomited because she was sick.’ (Literally ‘Since my daughter was sick, she vomited.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: itom mundu ma=asae utam ma=amap
Glosses: father hunger 3SG.OBJ=hit-DEP yam 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV
Translation: Father ate the yam because he was hungry.’ (Literally ‘Since father was hungry, he ate the yam.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nu pe Kumba ala unan=lu ambla=walie
Glosses: near be-DEP Bun PL.DIST 1PL.INCL=with PL.REFL=hit-IPFV
Translation: Since [Bun village] is close, the Bun people fight with us.’ [ulwa014_24:48]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nipe nganwe nini ngan mbïp
Glosses: die-PFV-DEP 1DU.EXCL-PART.INT two 1DU.EXCL here-be
Translation: Since [our two siblings] have died, we two alone – we stay here.’ [ulwa028_00:21]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ya ulwa=pe an wa inim=nï ndï=wanae
Glosses: coconut nothing=COP-DEP 1PL.EXCL just water=OBL 3PL=cook-DEP
Translation: Since there were no coconuts, we just cooked them in water.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: wanmbi ulwa=pe nï wa aw nga=n wa akïnaka landa man
Glosses: daka nothing=COP-DEP 1SG just betel.nut SG.PROX=OBL just new eat-IRR go-IPFV
Translation: Since there’s no daka [= betel pepper], I’m just going to chew this betel nut fresh.’ (i.e., without daka pepper or lime) [ulwa037_35:03]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: unannji ngata alanji luwa ala=wapta maka apa anda=itana
Glosses: 1PL.INCL-POSS grand PL.DIST-POSS place PL.DIST=be.PST-COND thus house SG.DIST=build-IRR
Translation: Since those were our ancestors’ lands, [we] will thus build that house.’ [ulwa037_38:58]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ndï=lï kuma=tï ine kuma wa mïnwata wandam lïp
Glosses: 3PL 3PL=put some=take come-PFV-DEP some just rotting jungle put-PFV
Translation: Although they have brought some of them [home], [they] have left others just rotting in the jungle.’ [ulwa032_54:29]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: wot mï maka lïmndï ma=tïne atuma mï nupu ma=tïn
Glosses: younger 3SG.SUBJ thus eye 3SG.OBJ=take-PFV-DEP older.brother 3SG.SUBJ base 3SG.OBJ=take-PFV
Translation: Whereas the younger [brother] got the eye [side of the coconut], the older brother got the base [side of the coconut].’ [ulwa010_01:22]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: wa mïnoma=pta ndï=in pta tem ma=tï an ma=kolpe mï wa nambït=ïn ninda
Glosses: just cold=COP-COND 3PL=in be-COND time 3SG.OBJ=take out 3SG.OBJ=break-PFV-DEP 3SG.SUBJ just smell=OBL act-IRR
Translation: Even though [the meat] will get cold in them [= pots], when [you] have taken it out and broken it, it will just smell [good]!’ (tem < TP taim ‘time’) [ulwa014_64:11]
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: Plas maambi ango mbïpe nji tïngïn=n up
Glosses: [name] 3SG.OBJ-TOP NEG here-be-DEP thing many=OBL put-PFV
Translation: As for Plas, he didn’t plant many things while he was here.
Language: English
Transcription: an njukuta=pe ndï=ul indae
Glosses: 1PL.EXCL small=COP-DEP 3PL=with walk-IPFV
Translation: When we were small, we went with them.
Language: English
Transcription: ala ndï=andïla ma=pta suwan ndï=nap naulonda mane
Glosses: PL.DIST 3PL=await 3SG.OBJ=be-COND rack 3PL=for DETR-from-cut-IRR go-IPFV-DEP
Translation: So, while they are there waiting for them, [they] are going to cut [things] for the mesh racks.’ [ulwa014_67:53]
Language: English
Transcription: nï tembi=pe u malasin ala=kali nï=n anmbï lïp
Glosses: 1SG bad=COP-DEP 2SG medicine PL.DIST=send 1SG=OBL out-here put-PFV
Translation: When I was sick, you sent medicine to me.’ (malasin = TP marasin)
Language: English
Transcription: anmbïi atwana tae ndï ma=n nï=ta
Glosses: out-here-go.PFV question say-DEP 3PL 3SG.OBJ=OBL 1SG=say
Translation: When [I] came out and asked, they told me.’ [ulwa037_39:36]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ala apïn=n ma=amape nï wa mbïi ndï=moni pe
Glosses: PL.DIST fire=OBL 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV-DEP 1SG just here-go.PFV 3PL=between be-IPFV
Translation: After they burned it, I just came to this place and live among them.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï ma=wap liie na ndï=tïna
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ=be.PST down-go.PFV-DEP talk 3PL=take-IRR
Translation: After he’s stayed there and [then] come down, [he] will get the conversations.’ [ulwa014_33:58]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ndï=amap inim lopop ataie an anmbïi un=iya wa ma=lop
Glosses: 3PL 3PL=eat-PFV water wash-PFV up-go.PFV-DEP 1PL.EXCL out-here-go.PFV 2PL=toward village 3SG.OBJ=go-PFV
Translation: After they ate them, washed and came up, we came out to you in the village.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï ma=nïkïpe ndï moko ambla=nan
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ=dig-PFV-DEP 3PL take PL.REFL=give-PFV
Translation: After he butchered it, they shared [it] among themselves.’ [ulwa035_05:29]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mbïi wa mbï itape ndï Yetani ala=n u ma=tïn
Glosses: here-go.PFV village here build-PFV-DEP 3PL Yamen PL.DIST=OBL from 3SG.OBJ=take-PFV
Translation: After [they] came here and made this village, they got it [= sorcery] from the Yamen people.’ [ulwa037_10:59]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: min anmbï naie an mï=nanaamape an tawnam naulop
Glosses: 3DU out-here DETR-go.PFV-DEP 1PL.EXCL 3SG.SUBJ=DETR-DETR-eat-PFV-DEP 1PL.EXCL net DETR-from-go-PFV
Translation: After the two came out, we ate, and then we went to [our] mosquito nets.’ (tawnam = TP taunam) [ulwa041_01:20]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: min nai wambana ndï=utap min nai wambana ndï=utape wa namane
Glosses: 3DU DETR-go.PFV fish 3PL=grind-PFV 3DU DETR-go.PFV fish 3PL=grind-PFV-DEP village DETR-go-IPFV-DEP
Translation: The two went and caught fish. After the two went and caught fish, [they] headed home.’ [ulwa011_00:34]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï wolka nawow wolka nawowe mï ma=ala yana angla nalo
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ again DETR-sleep.IPFV again DETR-sleep.IPFV-DEP 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ=for woman await DETR-go
Translation: Again it fell asleep. After again sleeping, it went searching for a wife for him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï ma=ul wop ma=ul wope yana mï tïnanga lïmndï wa ma=ala
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ=with sleep-PFV 3SG.OBJ=with sleep-PFV-DEP woman 3SG.SUBJ arise eye just 3SG.OBJ=see
Translation: She slept with him. Having slept with him, the woman got up and noticed him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ma=tï i ma=tï nowe anda=u ma=lïp ma=tï nowe anda=u ma=lïpe mï ma=wat pe
Glosses: 3SG.OBJ=take go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=take sago.species SG.DIST=from 3SG.OBJ=put-PFV 3SG.OBJ=take sago.species SG.DIST=from 3SG.OBJ=put-PFV-DEP 3SG.SUBJ 3SG.OBJ=atop be-IPFV
Translation: [It] brought him and put him on a sago palm. Having put him on the sago palm, he stayed atop it.’ [ulwa006_01:26]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kowe ma=ul anmbïi nïmal mbïi nïmal mbïie anmbïwap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.OBJ=with out-here-go.PFV river here-go.PFV river here-go.PFV-DEP out-here-be.PST
Translation: [We] came out with Kowe, came here to the river. After coming here to the river, [we] stayed here.’ [ulwa013_11:05]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Alkumot yana mï alum ma=kotp ma=tï al ma=lïp al ma=lïpe mï i
Glosses: [name] woman 3SG.SUBJ child 3SG.OBJ=break-PFV 3SG.OBJ=take net 3SG.OBJ=put-PFV net 3SG.OBJ=put-PFV-DEP 3SG.SUBJ go.PFV
Translation: The woman Alkumot bore the child and put it in a mosquito net. Having put it in the mosquito net, she went.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: wondi mï i ma=wa inmi ma=i inmi ma=ie mï mïnda ma=kotp ma=tï li lïp ma=tï li lïpe mï inmi ma=wap
Glosses: bandicoot 3SG.SUBJ go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=atop hole 3SG.OBJ=go.PFV hole 3SG.OBJ=go.PFV-DEP 3SG.SUBJ banana 3SG.OBJ=break-PFV 3SG.OBJ=take down put-PFV 3SG.OBJ=take down put-PFV-DEP 3SG.SUBJ hole 3SG.OBJ=be.PST
Translation: The bandicoot went onto her in the hole. [After it] went into the hole, he cut the banana tree and put it down. When [he] put it down, she was [still] in the hole.’ [ulwa001_02:17]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: rays muku ko=tï nï=n ani lïp e Dora lïmndï nï=ala
Glosses: rice package INDF=take 1SG=OBL bilum put-PFV DEP [name] eye 1SG=see
Translation: [He] put a package of rice into my bilum [= string bag]. And Dora saw me.’ (rays = TP rais) [ulwa014_29:27]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: min ma=tï i pul ko i ma=tï lïp wulïnup e wolka tïnanga ma=tïn ma=tï
Glosses: 3DU 3SG.OBJ=take go.PFV piece one go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=take put-PFV rest-put-PFV DEP again arise 3SG.OBJ=take-PFV 3SG.OBJ=take
Translation: The two brought it, went to a place, put it down, and rested. And then [they] got up again, got it, were getting it.’ [ulwa035_04:20]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï maka lop e ndï we ndï=mokop e ndï mbïlop
Glosses: 3PL thus go-PFV DEP 3PL sago 3PL=take-PFV DEP 3PL here-go-PFV
Translation: They went like that. And then they got the sago starch. And then they came here.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: we ndï=tï anmbï mbïi Taw mbïi pe Brian manji inom mï wolka tïklika lïmndï tïn ma=ala
Glosses: sago 3PL=take out-here here-go.PFV [place] here-go.PFV be-DEP [name] 3SG.OBJ-POSS mother 3SG.SUBJ again turn-let eye dog 3SG.OBJ=see
Translation: [They] brought sago starch out there, went there to Taw. And [after they had gone] Brian’s mother turned back and saw the dog.’ [ulwa037_61:14]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ma=pe ma=alep amun wa mbïlop pe nï tïnanga anmbï mbïi
Glosses: 3PL 3SG.OBJ=be-DEP 3SG.OBJ=scrape-PFV now village here-go-PFV be-DEP 1SG arise out-here here-go.PFV
Translation: They were there scraping it and now came home. And then I got up and came out here.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ango anma=p tembi=p pe ndï naina
Glosses: 3PL NEG good=COP bad=COP be-DEP 3PL DETR-come-IRR
Translation: They were not healthy, but sick. And [when they were sick] they would come.’ [ulwa029_09:34]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ita we unan ma=atïna
Glosses: 3PL go.PFV-COND then 1PL.INCL 3SG.OBJ=hit-IRR
Translation: If they come, then we will kill him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: utam ndï=n ma=nïkïp we Kowe mangusuwa amun nga=ulop
Glosses: yam 3PL=OBL 3SG.OBJ=dig-PFV then [name] 3SG.OBJ-poor now SG.PROX=from-cut-PFV
Translation: [I] planted yams there and then Kowe, the poor thing, only recently cleared this place.’ [ulwa014_53:05]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mundu wanata ndï=angla lumop ndï anmbïi we nalanda
Glosses: food cook-COND 3PL=await put-PFV 3PL out-here-go.PFV then DETR-eat-IRR
Translation: Once [you] have cooked food and put it [there] for them, they will come out and then eat.’ [ulwa030_00:39]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: itom ngata mï nip
Glosses: father grand 3SG.SUBJ die-PFV
Translation: The old man died.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï [nipe] itom ngata ma=kambp
Glosses: 1SG [die-PFV-DEP] father grand 3SG.OBJ=shun-PFV
Translation: I avoided the old man who died.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [nipe] itom ngata mï ankam anma
Glosses: [die-PFV-DEP] father grand 3SG.SUBJ person good
Translation: The old man who died is a good person.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï lïmndï [nipe] itom ngata ma=ala
Glosses: 3PL eye [die-PFV-DEP] father grand 3SG.OBJ=see
Translation: They saw the old man who died.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Damnda mï [nipe] itom ngata ma=iya i
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ [die-PFV-DEP] father grand 3SG.OBJ=toward go.PFV
Translation: Damnda went to the old man who died.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ankam mï lamndu ma=asap
Glosses: person 3SG.SUBJ pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: The person killed the pig.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Damnda mï lïmndï [lamndu ma=asape] ankam ma=ala
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ eye [pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV-DEP] person 3SG.OBJ=see
Translation: Damnda saw the person who killed the pig.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [lamndu ma=asape] mï wandam ma=i
Glosses: [pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV-DEP] 3SG.SUBJ jungle 3SG.OBJ=go.PFV
Translation: The person who killed the pig went to the jungle.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Sinda mï [lamndu ma=asape] ankam ma=iya i
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ [pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV-DEP] person 3SG.OBJ=toward go.PFV
Translation: Sinda went to the person who killed the pig.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï lïmndï [mana=nï lamndu ma=asape] ankam ma=ala
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ eye [spear=OBL pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV-DEP] person 3SG.OBJ=see
Translation: She saw the man who stabbed the pig with the spear.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï lïmndï [ankam ul natane] yana ma=ala
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ eye [person with DETR-say-IPFV-DEP] woman 3SG.OBJ=see
Translation: She saw the woman who is talking with the man.
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: ndï [manji ma=ul anmbïie] ndï kwa ma=asap
Glosses: 3PL [3SG.OBJ-POSS 3SG.OBJ=with out-here-go.PFV-DEP] 3PL one 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: They killed one [of] his [brothers] who came along with him.’ [ulwa001_12:39]
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: awal [ma=in pe] nji ndï=kuklïp
Glosses: yesterday [3SG.OBJ=in be-DEP] thing 3PL=gather-put-PFV
Translation: Yesterday [we] gathered [our] things that were in it [= the house].’ [ulwa042_05:16]
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: [anga ma=pe] numïni mï angani ma=pe
Glosses: [side 3SG.OBJ=be-DEP] ditch 3SG.SUBJ behind 3SG.OBJ=be-IPFV
Translation: The ditch that is on the other side [of the river] is behind it.’ [ulwa014†]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [nï=ul mbïie] yanat maambi umbenam nai
Glosses: [1SG=with here-go.PFV-DEP] daughter 3SG.OBJ-TOP morning DETR-go.PFV
Translation: As for the daughter who came with me, she left this morning.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [apa mbïpe] itom inom min luke nji ulwa=p
Glosses: [house here-be-DEP] father mother 3DU too thing nothing=COP
Translation: The two home-owners have nothing either.’ (Literally ‘The father and mother who are in the house here, too, have no things.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [wandam wapen] ndï wa nain
Glosses: [jungle be.PST-NMLZ] 3PL village DETR-come-PFV
Translation: Those who were in the jungle came home.’ (Literally ‘the having-been-in-the-jungle [people] …’) [ulwa018_04:09]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ata nga=pe wowen] anda ma=u anmbïundae
Glosses: [up SG.PROX=be-DEP sleep.IPFV-NMLZ] SG.DIST 3SG.OBJ=from out-here-go-IPFV
Translation: That one who lives upstream is coming around here from there.’ (Literally ‘that sleeping-up-(in)-this-(place) [person] …’) [ulwa032_15:13]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Tïrïngïn inaen] i ma=n nï=ta
Glosses: [[name] get-NMLZ] go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=OBL 1SG=say
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [tembi ala] [ndï wa mbïp]
Glosses: [bad PL.DIST] [3PL village here-be]
Translation: Those people here in the village are bad.’ (Literally ‘Those [people] are bad; they are here in the village.’) [ulwa032_47:06]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ango mundu kom] [un ma=tï nï=nan]
Glosses: [NEG food NEG] [2PL 3SG.OBJ=take 1SG=give-PFV]
Translation: That’s not food you gave me!’ (Literally ‘Not food; you gave it to me.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [anda nji tembi wa] [mï unan=iya wa ine]
Glosses: [SG.DIST thing bad just] [3SG.SUBJ 1PL.INCL=toward village come-PFV-DEP]
Translation: That’s a bad thing that’s come to our village.’ (Literally ‘That is a bad thing; it has come to us, to the village.’ There is no prosodic break between the clauses.)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [numbu anma anda] [u ma=loe]
Glosses: [garamut good SG.DIST] [2SG 3SG.OBJ=cut-IPFV]
Translation: That’s a good garamut drum that you’re carving.’ (Literally ‘That is a good garamut; you are carving it.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: un ango ame tï indae
Glosses: 2PL NEG basket take walk-IPFV
Translation: You don’t carry baskets around.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï ulo unnji alum nïpat nga=tï indape
Glosses: 1SG from-go 2SG-POSS child giant SG.PROX=take walk-PFV-DEP
Translation: I carried that giant daughter of yours around.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: apïn ngïn tembi nji ngala ndï ndï=tï indae
Glosses: fire cloud bad thing PL.PROX 3PL 3PL=take walk-IPFV
Translation: These marijuana cigarettes – they carry them around.’ (Literally ‘these bad smoke things’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï upin ma=tï anmbïi ma=tï ma=nane
Glosses: 1SG crowned.pigeon 3SG.OBJ=take out-here-go.PFV 3SG.OBJ=take 3SG.OBJ=give-PFV-DEP
Translation: I brought the crowned pigeon out here and gave it to her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: uma ndï=tï li undae
Glosses: bone 3PL=take down go-IPFV
Translation: [She] would bring [their] bones down.’ [ulwa020_00:13]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ma=tï wa ita unan ma=lan
Glosses: 3SG.OBJ=take village go.PFV-COND 1PL.INCL 3SG.OBJ=eat-IMP
Translation: If [we] bring it [= a crocodile] home, we’ll eat it!’ [ulwa038_04:29]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï=tï u=iya mana
Glosses: 3PL=take 2SG=toward go-IRR
Translation: [They] would bring them to you.’ [ulwa014_36:45]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ndï=inap ndï=tï nï=nap ie
Glosses: 3PL 3PL=get-PFV 3PL=take 1SG=for go.PFV-DEP
Translation: They got them and brought them for me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u naamap
Glosses: 2SG DETR-eat-PFV
Translation: (a) ‘Have you eaten?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: inom mï amun ya utae
Glosses: mother 3SG.SUBJ now coconut grind-IPFV
Translation: (a) ‘Is mother grinding coconut now?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: alum mï ikali ya ndï=sina
Glosses: child 3SG.SUBJ hand-send coconut 3PL=push-IRR
Translation: (a) ‘Can the child catch the coconuts?
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: u ango anmbï mbïi e
Glosses: 2SG NEG out-here out-go.PFV INTERJ
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: iya nï awal mbïi lïmndï tawatïp ndï=alae
Glosses: yes 1SG yesterday here-go.PFV eye child 3PL=see-DEP
Translation: Yes, I came out yesterday and watched the children.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a nïnji nungol ala angos landa
Glosses: ah 1SG-POSS child PL.DIST what eat-IRR
Translation: Ah, what will my children eat?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u angos natan
Glosses: 2SG what DETR-say-IPFV
Translation: What are you saying?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kwa tïki ma=n tïnangana
Glosses: one again 3SG.OBJ=OBL arise-IRR
Translation: Who will get it [= the school] up again?’ [ulwa014_54:01]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ko ma=tï indae
Glosses: one 3SG.OBJ=take walk-IPFV
Translation: Who is carrying it around?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u ma=n ko lïp sina
Glosses: 2SG 3SG.OBJ=OBL one put-PFV push-IRR
Translation: Whom will you blame?’ (Literally ‘Onto whom will you push with it?’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: wambana anjika inim ma=u man
Glosses: fish how.many water 3SG.OBJ=from go-IPFV
Translation: How many fish are swimming?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: U wambana anjika tïn
Glosses: 2SG fish how.many take-PFV
Translation: How many fish did you catch?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u inim ambi amap
Glosses: 2SG water big eat-PFV
Translation: How much water did you drink?’ (Literally ‘Did you drink big [i.e., much] water?’) [elicited]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u inim ilum amap
Glosses: 2SG water little eat-PFV
Translation: How much water did you drink?’ (Literally ‘Did you drink little water?’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nungol mï inim ambi amae
Glosses: child 3SG.SUBJ water big eat-IPFV
Translation: How much water does the child drink?’ (Literally ‘Does the child drink big [i.e., much] water?’) [elicited]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u anjikaka apa ma=itap
Glosses: 2SG how house 3SG.OBJ=build-PFV
Translation: How did you build the house?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Alimban mï anjikaka lamndu ma=asap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ how pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: How did Alimban kill the pig?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Alimban mï tïn ma=ul lamndu ma=asap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ dog 3SG=with pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: Alimban killed the pig with the dog.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Alimban mï mana=nï lamndu ma=asap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ spear=OBL pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: Alimban killed the pig with the spear.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: itom mï anjikalaka apa ma=itana
Glosses: father 3SG.SUBJ how.many-IRR-let house 3SG.OBJ=build-IRR
Translation: How will father build the house?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nungol ndï anjikalaka wambana ndï=utana
Glosses: child 3PL how.many-IRR-let fish 3PL=grind-IRR
Translation: How will the boys catch the fish?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nga kwa anjikalakana mane
Glosses: SG.PROX one how.many-IRR-let-IRR go-IPFV-DEP
Translation: What is this one going to do?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u ma=nï anjikalakana
Glosses: 2SG 3SG.OBJ=OBL how.many-IRR-let-IRR
Translation: What will you do with it?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: itom mï mana ma=nï anjikalakana
Glosses: father 3SG.SUBJ spear 3SG.OBJ=OBL how.many-IRR-let-IRR
Translation: What is father going to do with the spear?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u ndï=tï indata ndï=n anjikalakana
Glosses: 2SG 3PL=take walk-COND 3PL=OBL how.many-IRR-let-IRR
Translation: What will you do with them if you carry them around?
Language: English
Transcription: ango wa maka=pe wombïn
Glosses: which village thus=COP-DEP work
Translation: Which village has work like this?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u ango tïlwa u mbïi
Glosses: 2SG which road from here-go.PFV
Translation: Along which road have you come here?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mbïpta ango ini ma=wat pta
Glosses: here-be-COND which ground 3SG.OBJ=atop be-COND
Translation: If [they] stay, which ground will they live on?’ [ulwa014_21:01]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ayndin nï angos na u=kïna
Glosses: [name] 1SG what talk 2SG=say-IRR
Translation: Ayndin, what should I say to you?’ (Literally ‘what talk?’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: unan wandam ma=wap angos wombïn=n ninda
Glosses: 1PL.INCL jungle 3SG.OBJ=be.PST what work=OBL act-IRR
Translation: [When] we are in the jungle, what [sort of] work will [we] do?’ [ulwa030_01:08]
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: Kapos mï ango tem lamndu ma=asap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ which time pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: When did Kapos kill the pig?’ (tem < TP taim ‘time’)
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: Kapos mï awal lamndu ma=asap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ yesterday pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: Kapos killed the pig yesterday.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: itom mï ango tem utam ma=amap
Glosses: father 3SG.SUBJ which time yam 3SG.OBJ=eat-PFV
Translation: When did father eat the yam?’ (tem < TP taim ‘time’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ango tem ma=n ninda
Glosses: which time 3SG.OBJ=OBL act-IRR
Translation: When will [we] do it?’ (tem < TP taim ‘time’) [ulwa031_01:27]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kapos mï ango tem=nï lamndu ma=asap
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ which time=OBL pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: When did Kapos kill the pig?’ (tem < TP taim ‘time’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ango tem=nï natana
Glosses: which time=OBL DETR-say-IRR
Translation: When will the meeting start?’ (Literally ‘[They] will at which time talk?’) (tem < TP taim ‘time’) [elicited]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u ango u mbïi
Glosses: 2SG which from here-go.PFV
Translation: Where did you come from?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nï wandam u mbïi
Glosses: 1SG jungle from here-go.PFV
Translation: I came from the jungle.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: popo ndï u=n ango luwa pe
Glosses: papaya 3PL 2SG=OBL which place be-IPFV
Translation: Where are your papayas?’ (Literally ‘The papayas for you are at which place?’; popo < TP popo ‘papaya’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yanapi mï ango=pna
Glosses: [name] 3SG.SUBJ which=COP-IRR
Translation: Where will Yanapi be?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: itom mï ango=pe lamndu ma=asap
Glosses: father 3SG.SUBJ which=COP-DEP pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-PFV
Translation: Where did father kill the pig?’ (Literally something like ‘Father killed the pig, having been where?’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: itom mï ango=pta lamndu ma=walinda
Glosses: father 3SG.SUBJ which=COP-COND pig 3SG.OBJ=hit-IRR
Translation: Where will father kill the pig?’ (Literally ‘Father will kill the pig if [he] is where?’) [elicited]
Language: Ulwa (Papua New Guinea)
Transcription: u angwena mbïi
Glosses: 2SG why here-go.PFV
Translation: Why did you come here?
Language: Ulwa (Papua New Guinea)
Transcription: itom mï angwena apa ma=itap
Glosses: father 3SG.SUBJ why house 3SG.OBJ=build-PFV
Translation: Why did father build the house?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mï ndï=n angwena ndï=tï indae
Glosses: 3SG.SUBJ 3PL=OBL why 3PL=take walk-IPFV
Translation: Why is he walking around with them?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: un angwena ma=wat pe nie
Glosses: 2PL why 3SG.OBJ=atop be-DEP act-IPFV
Translation: Why are you doing [things] during it [= this period of mourning]?’ [ulwa032_03:15]
Language: English
Transcription: ango luwa angos nji ndï=landa
Glosses: which place what thing 3PL=eat-IRR
Translation: Where will [we] find something to eat?’ (Literally ‘[We] will eat what things [at] which place?’) [ulwa032_07:52]
Language: English
Transcription: u ango luwa angos ma=tïna
Glosses: 2SG which place what 3SG.OBJ=take-IRR
Translation: Where will you get something?
Language: English
Transcription: ngan ndï=andï ango luwa u angos tïna
Glosses: 1DU.EXCL 3PL=for which place from what take-IRR
Translation: From which place can we two get what for them?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: e ngusuwa ko angwena angos mundu wananda nata
Glosses: ay poor just why what food cook-IRR DETR-say
Translation: Ay, why did that poor thing say that he would cook whatever kind of food?’ (Literally ‘Why did the poor thing say that [he] would cook what food?’) [ulwa014_15:28]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï ango luwa wandam lota angos mundu ma=lan[da]
Glosses: 3PL which place jungle go-COND what food 3SG.OBJ=eat-IRR
Translation: Where will they go and what will they eat?’ (Literally ‘If they go to which jungles, what food will [they] eat?’) [ulwa032_14:00]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndï nji ndï=watlonda
Glosses: 3PL thing 3PL=atop-cut-IRR
Translation: Will they clear the things?’ (The anticipated response is: ‘No, they will not.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u ko wandam nji ndï ango luwa pe u ko lïmndï ndï=ala
Glosses: 2SG just jungle thing 3PL which place be-DEP 2SG just eye 3PL=see
Translation: Where are your jungle properties? Do you see them?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u nï=ul man
Glosses: 2SG 1SG=with go-IMP
Translation: Go with me!’ (said to one person)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ngun naman
Glosses: 2DU DETR-go-IMP
Translation: Go!’ (said to two people)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: u ikali nga=sin
Glosses: 2SG hand-send SG.PROX=push-IMP
Translation: Hold this!’ (said to one person)