lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu=kan ᵐZidantan addaš=šan kuenta
Glosses: CONN=PTC Zidanta.ACC.SG father.ACC.SG=his.ACC.SG kill.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: Then he killed Zidanta, his father.’ (KBo 3.1 + i 68)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu=za=kan Arinnandan ēpper
Glosses: CONN=REFL=PTC Arinnanda.ACC take.3PL.PST.ACT
Translation: They took Mt. Arinnanda for themselves.’ (KBo 3.4 ii 34)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu 3-ŠU palwait
Glosses: CONN thrice make.noise.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: He shouted out three times.’ (KBo 26.65 iv 15–17)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu likzi
Glosses: CONN swear.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: Then he shall swear an oath (in support of his claim)’ (KBo 6.2 iv 3)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: man=war==mu MUTI=YA kišari
Glosses: IRR=QUOT=3SG.C.NOM=1SG.DAT husband=my become.3SG.NPST.NACT
Translation: (If …), he would become my husband.’ (KBo 5.6 iii 12–13)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: n= aranda
Glosses: CONN=3PL.C.NOM stand.3PL.NPST.NACT
Translation: Then they stand still.’ (StBoT 25.25 obv. i 6; Neu 1980: 63)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu=kan antuḫšātar kuit INA URU .DIDLI .ḪI .A=ŠUNU EGIR-pa pān 
Glosses: CONN=PTC population.N.NOM.SG because into.cities=their back go.PTCP.N.NOM.SG be.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: Because the population had gone back into their cities…’ (KBo 5.6 i 19–20)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: mān UN-aš U[(N-ši) men]aḫḫan<da> lingan 
Glosses: if man.C.NOM.SG man.DAT.SG toward swear.PTCP.N.NOM/ACC.SG have.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: If a man has sworn (a false oath) to another man’ (KUB 30.51 i 17–18 + KUB 30.34 i! 10; Dardano 2006: 128)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: KUR ᵁᴿᵁKinza=ya=z ABU=YA taruḫḫan 
Glosses: land of.Kinza=CONJ=REFL father=my conquer.PTCP.N.NOM/ACC.SG have.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: Because my father had also conquered the land of Kinza.’ (KBo 5.6 ii 19)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: tarra– ‘be capable’ ⟹ tarra-nu– ‘make capable/powerful’
Glosses:   (e.g., 3PL.NPST.ACT tarranuanzi)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: ur/war– ‘burn’ ⟹ war-nu– ‘cause to burn’
Glosses:   (e.g., 1SG.NPST.ACT warnumi)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: zeya– ‘get cooked’ ⟹ za-nu– ‘cook’
Glosses:   (e.g., 3SG.NPST.ACT zanuzzi)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: KUR-iyaš kuraš IZI-it warnutari
Glosses: land.GEN.SG field.C.NOM.SG fire.INS burn.3SG.NPST.NACT
Translation: The field of the land shall be burnt by fire.’ (KUB 8.25 i 8–9)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n= laḫḫa paizzi
Glosses: CONN=3SG.C.NOM campaign.ALL.SG go.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: Then he goes on campaign.’ (KBo 6.3 ii 48)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: takku ŠAḪ⟨-aš⟩ UR .GI₇ katta kuiški waštai aki=
Glosses: if pig.GEN.SG dog.GEN.SG with someone.C.NOM.SG sin.3SG.NPST.ACT die.3SG.NPST.ACT=3SG.C.NOM
Translation: If someone sins with a pig (or) a dog, he shall die.’ (KBo 6.26 iv 16–17)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: šalliešt= n= mēani āraš
Glosses: large.INCH.3SG.PST.ACT=3SG.C.NOM CONN=3SG.C.NOM maturity.LOC.SG arrive.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: He grew up and reached maturity.’ (KBo 32.14 iii 3–4)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: man INA ᵁᴿᵁḪayaša pāun=pat nu=za MU .KAM-za šer tepaweššanza 
Glosses: IRR to.Hayasa go.1SG.PST.ACT=FOC CONN=REFL year.C.NOM.SG for small.INCH.PTCP.C.NOM.SG be.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: I wanted to go also to Hayasa, but the year had become too short for me.’ (KBo 4.4 iii 22–3; cf. Goetze 1933: 139)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: KUR ᵁᴿᵁNerik ḫūdak=pat karūliyaš ANA LUGAL karū ḫarkanza 
Glosses: land of.Nerik suddenly=FOC former.LOC.PL in.the.kings already perish.PTCP.C.NOM.SG be.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: Already in the time of the earlier kings the land of Nerik had suddenly perished.’ (KUB 21.19 + iii 11)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: eš/aš– ‘be’ ⟹ aš-nu– ‘take care of’
Glosses:   (e.g., 3SG.PST.ACT aššanut)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: ḫuiš– ‘live’ ⟹ ḫuiš-nu– ‘make live , rescue’
Glosses:   (e.g., 1SG.NPST.ACT ḫuišnumi)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: ḫuw(a)i– ‘move’ ⟹ ḫui-nu– ‘make move’
Glosses:   (e.g., 3SG.NPST.ACT ḫuinuzi)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nink– ‘get drunk’ ⟹ nink-nu– ‘make drunk’
Glosses:   (e.g., 3PL.NPST.ACT ninganuwanzi)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: ḫatk-ešš– ‘become narrow’ ⟹ ḫatk-ešš-nu ‘cause to become narrow’
Glosses:   (e.g., 2SG.NPST.ACT ḫatkišnuši)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: maḫḫa]n=ma=at=kan ašnuwantari n=uš IŠTU Ì .UDU iškanzi
Glosses: when=TOP=3PL.NOM=PTC take.care.of.3PL.NPST.NACT CONN=3PL.C.ACC with sheep.fat 
Translation: When they get taken care of and they smear them with sheep fat, (then…)’ (KUB 29.40 ii 7; cf. Kammenhuber 1961: 178)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: ᵈIM-aš=wa LUGAL-un SAL .LUGAL-ann=a aššuli paḫšaru
Glosses: storm-god.C.NOM.SG=QUOT king.C.ACC.SG queen.C.ACC.SG=CONJ goodness.LOC.SG protect.3SG.IMP.NACT
Translation: May the Storm-god protect the king and the queen in goodness.’ (KUB 30.40 iii 4–6)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: n=ašta EN .SISKUR ANA NINDA .GUR₄ .RA awan arḫa tepu paršiya
Glosses: CONN=PTC ritual.client from thick.loaf INT.away small.N.ACC.SG break.3SG.NPST.NACT
Translation: The ritual client breaks off a little (piece) from the thick loaf.’ (KBo 13.164 iv 6)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: kinun=a 1 UDU LU-naš kāššaš=(š)aš ḫuittiyanta
Glosses: now=TOP 1 sheep man.C.GEN.SG in.place.of=his draw.3PL.NPST.NACT
Translation: But now in place of the man they shall drag in one sheep.’ (KBo 6.26 i 41)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: parkuwa=ya TÚG .ḪI .A waššan ḫarkandu
Glosses: clean.N.ACC.PL=CONJ clothes wear.PTCP.N.NOM/ACC.SG have.3PL.IMP.ACT
Translation: And let them have worn clean clothes.’ (KUB 13.4 i 16)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: kuitman=ma=z=(š)an BEL SÍSKUR IŠTU SAG .DU=ŠU tētan laplē[pan] enērann=a ḫūittiyannai ᴹᵁᴺᵁˢŠU .GI=ma luwili kiššan ḫūkkiškezzi
Glosses: while=TOP=REFL=PTC ritual.client from head=his hair.C.ACC.SG eyelash.C.ACC.SG eyebrow.C.ACC.SG=CONJ pull.IPFV.3SG.NPST.ACT woman=TOP in.Luwian as.follows recite.IPFV.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: While the ritual client is pulling the hair, lashes, and brows from his own head, the Old Woman is reciting in Luwian as follows.’ (KUB 32.8 iii 6–10)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: ANA DUMU .NAM .LÚ .U₁₉ .LU=pat=kan anda memian .C .ACC .SG kišan mem[i]škanzi
Glosses: in mortal.LOC=FOC=PTC among word as.follows speak.IPFV.3PL.NPST.ACT
Translation: Among mortals they have a saying: “…”’ (KUB 21. 27 ii 15–16)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: n=ašta EN ÉRIN .MEŠ šarikuwan 1-an 1-an anda tarniškezzi
Glosses: CONN=PTC army.commander š-troop.C.ACC.SG 1.C.ACC.SG 1.C.ACC.SG in let.IPFV.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: And the army commander admits one š-troop after another.’(VS 28.30 iii 16–7)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: tūriyanzi=ma=aš mašiyanki nu KASKAL-ši KASKAL-ši=pat INA 7 .IKU . anda penneškanzi
Glosses: hitch.up.3PL.NPST.ACT=TOP=3PL.C.ACC how.many.times CONN occasion.LOC.SG occasion.LOC.SG=FOC for.7.IKUs in drive.IPFV.3PL.NPST.ACT
Translation: But as many times as they hitch them up, each time they drive them 7 IKU-measures.’ (KBo 3.5 ii 13–5)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: ᴸᵁSANGA=ma=kan IŠTU GÌR .GÁN KÙ .BABBAR GEŠTIN ḫaniškezzi=pat
Glosses: priest=TOP=PTC from.a.bowl silver wine draw.liquid.IPFV.3SG.NPST.ACT=FOC
Translation: The priest keeps dipping up wine from a silver bowl (and pouring it out into other cups).’ (KBo 15.37 v 8–11 +)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: kētt=a kētt=a GI-an ḫuittiannāi tarnāi=ma=an natta īī ḫalziššai
Glosses: on.this.side=CONJ on.this.side=CONJ arrow.C.ACC.SG draw.IPFV.3SG.NPST.ACT release.3SG.NPST.ACT=TOP=3SG.C.ACC NEG ee.ee cry.aloud.IPFV.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: He keeps drawing his arrow toward this side and that, but he does not let it go, and he keeps shouting “ee ee!”.’ (KBo 17.43 i 10–11)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu=mu ÉRIN .MEŠ peškewan dāir
Glosses: CONN=1SG.DAT troops give.IPFV.SUP place.3PL.PST.ACT
Translation: They began giving me troops.’ (KBo 3.4 iii 24)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: MUḪALDIM ḫuganniwan [t]ianzi
Glosses: cooks slaughter.IPFV.SUP place.3PL.NPST.ACT
Translation: The cooks began slaughtering.’ (KBo 17.74 + KBo 21.25 + i 44)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu ēšḫar=summit eššuwan tiyēr
Glosses: CONN blood.N.ACC=their make.IPFV.SUP step.3PL.PST.ACT
Translation: They began killing them (lit. ‘making their blood’).’ (KBo 3.1 i 21–3)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: kāru 1 MA .NA KÙ .BABBAR pišker kinun=a 20 GÍN KÙ .BABBAR pāi
Glosses: formerly one mina silver give.IPFV.3PL.PST.ACT now=TOP twenty shekel silver give.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: In the past they would give one mina of silver, but now one gives twenty shekels of silver.’ (KUB 6.2 i 9–10)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: zankilatar=ma ariyanzi
Glosses: penalty.N.ACC.SG=TOP determine.by.oracle.3PL.NPST.ACT
Translation: They determine the penalty by oracle.’ (KUB 22.40 ii 23)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nu ABU=YA arišket
Glosses: CONN father=my determine.by.oracle.IPFV.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: And my father kept inquiring by oracle.’KUB 14.13 obv. 50)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: apāšš=a apiya arieškattari
Glosses: DEM.C.NOM.SG=CONJ then determine.by.oracle.IPFV.3SG.NPST.NACT
Translation: That one too shall then be investigated by oracle.’ (KUB 5.6 ii 37)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n=an ḫullaši
Glosses: CONN=3SG.C.ACC defeat.2SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: And then you shall defeat him.’ (KUB 37.223 rev. 7)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: LÚ .MEŠ ᵁᴿᵁAzzi=ma ᵈUTU=ŠI kuit karū ḫulliškenun
Glosses: men of.Azzi=TOP majesty=his because formerly defeat.IPFV.1SG.PST.ACT
Translation: Because I had already defeated the men of Azzi…’ (KBo 4.4 iii 60)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kūš LUGAL ÉRIN ŠU-TUM kuezza ḫulliškattari
Glosses: DEM.NOM.PL of.king troops š-. what.INS defeat.IPFV.3SG.NPST.NACT
Translation: By what were these š-troops of the king defeated?’ KUB 16.18 + KUB 50.30 obv. 1–2)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n=an INA UD .3 .KAM mūgāmi
Glosses: CONN=3SG.C.ACC for.3.days incite.1SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: I incite her for three days.’ (KUB 9.27 + KUB 7.8 i 5)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nu=tta kāša mukiškemi ᴺᴵᴺᴰᴬḫaršit ᴰᵁᴳišpanduzit
Glosses: CONN=2SG.ACC right.now incite.IPFV.1SG.NPST.ACT bread.INS libation.INS
Translation: I am hereby inciting you with bread (and) libations.’ (KUB 24.2 obv. 12)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nu=za ᵈUTU ᵁᴿᵁAri[nna=y]a zikila mukeškeḫḫut
Glosses: CONN=REFL Sun-goddess of.Arinna yourself incite.IPFV.2SG.IMP.NACT
Translation: And you yourself, O Sun-goddess of Arinna, bestir yourself!’ (KUB 24.3 iii 12–13)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: [HAZ]ZINNA paltani=šši dāi peran=a palwiškezzi
Glosses: axe shoulder.LOC=his.LOC place.3SG.NPST.ACT before=TOP shout.IPFV.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: He places the axe on his shoulder and he cries out in front.’ (KBo 25.109 iii 7)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu ŠA KUR ᵁᴿᵁPītašša ku[…] karū linkišket
Glosses: CONN of.land of.Pitassa  already swear.IPFV.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: Concerning the land of Pitassa he had already sworn (an oath).’ (KUB 14.1 rev. 50–1)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: GÚ-aš=(š)maš ēskedumat
Glosses: back.LOC.PL=3PL.DAT sit.IPFV.2PL.IMP.NACT
Translation: Sit down on their backs!’ (KUB 12.63 + 36.70 obv. 5)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: n=ašta IŠTU É DINGIR É .LUGAL=ya p[(rā)] dušgarannašš=a memiyaš GIŠ ᵈINANNA-aš g[alg(altūriyaš)] ḫa[(lugaš)] išdušduškettaru
Glosses: CONN=PTC from houses of.gods house.of.king=CONJ forth joy.GEN.SG=CONJ word.C.NOM.SG Ishtar-instrument.GEN tambourine.GEN message.C.NOM.SG RED.become.evident.IPFV.3SG.IMP.NACT
Translation: Forth from the temples and the palaces let even the word of joy, the message of the Ishtar-instrument(s) (and) of the tambourine(s) resound!’ (KBo 52.85 + KUB 43.58 ii 53–4; Strauß 2006: 337)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: n=ašta apāš KÚR kuwapi naiškettari nu=mu ḫatreški
Glosses: CONN=PTC DEM.C.NOM.SG enemy where turn.IPFV.3SG.NPST.NACT CONN=1SG.DAT write.IPFV.2SG.IMP.ACT
Translation: Keep writing me as to where that enemy is turning.’ (HKM 27: 8–10)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: karū=ma [ŠÀ] É DUMU .MEŠ-an  kinun=a natta kuwāpikki pāun
Glosses: formerly=TOP inside house children.GEN.PL go.IPFV.1SG.PST.NACT now=TOP NEG anywhere go.1SG.PST.ACT
Translation: I used to go to the children’s quarters, but recently I haven’t gone anywhere.’ (KBo 17.1 iv 11–13)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: INA UD .1 .KAM=ya=aš 1 AMMATU  [(INA ITU .1 .KAM=ma=aš 1 IKU-an)]  … [(mān INA UD .15 .KAM ti)yat n]u NA₄ parkišta
Glosses: in.one.day=CONJ=3SG.C.NOM one cubit tall.INCH.IPFV.3SG.NPST.NACT in.one.month=TOP=3SG.C.NOM 1 IKU tall.INCH.IPFV.3SG.NPST.NACT  when on.fifteenth.day enter.3SG.PST.ACT CONN stone tall.INCH.3SG.PST.ACT
Translation: In one day he grows one cubit, in one month he grows one IKU-measure … When the fifteenth day came, the Stone had grown tall.’ (KUB 33.93 iv 18–9, 22; CHD P: 160)
Language: Hittite
Transcription: nu LUGAL-uš NINDA ān NINDA .KU₇ .ḪI .A kue paršiya n=ašta ḫūma<n>daz peran arḫa tepu 
Glosses: CONN king.C.NOM.SG bread warm.N.ACC.SG sweet.breads which.N.ACC.PL break.3SG.NPST.NACT CONN=PTCL all.ABL in.front away little.N.ACC.SG break.IPFV.3SG.NPST.ACT
Translation: The warm bread (and) sweet breads which the king breaks, from all (those) he keeps breaking off a little from the front.’ (KBo 30.69 iii 11–13)
Language: Modern Greek
Transcription: O Janis ekapse ti supa
Glosses: the John.NOM burnt.ACT the soup.ACC
Translation: John burnt the soup.
Language: Modern Greek
Transcription: I supa kegete
Glosses: the soup.NOM burns.NACT
Translation: The soup is burning.
Language: Modern Greek
Transcription: O Janis dolofonithike apo ton Kosta
Glosses: the John.NOM murdered.NACT by the Kostas
Translation: John was murdered by Kostas.
Language: Modern Greek
Transcription: O Janis plithike
Glosses: the John.NOM washed.NACT
Translation: John washed.
Language: Modern Greek
Transcription: O Janis metahirizete to leksiko
Glosses: the John.NOM use.NACT the dictionary.ACC
Translation: John uses the dictionary.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: senex in culīnā clāma-t , hortā-tur coquōs
Glosses: old.man.NOM.SG in kitchen.ABL.SG shout-3SG.ACT urge-3SG.PASS cook.ACC.PL
Translation: The old man is shouting in the kitchen and urging on the cooks.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: sed coquōs , quasi in marī sole-t hortātor rēmigēs hortā-rier , ita hortā-bā-tur
Glosses: but cook.ACC.PL like in sea.ABL be.wont-3SG.ACT urger.NOM.SG oarsman.ACC.PL urge-INF.PASS, thus urge-PST-3SG.PASS
Translation: But as for the cooks, he was urging them on, like a steersman (lit. ‘urger’) is in the habit of urging on oarsmen at sea.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: El libro está bajo la mesa .
Glosses: the book is under the table
Translation: The book is under the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: El libro está debajo de la mesa .
Glosses: the book is DE.under of the table
Translation: The book is under the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan estaba escondido tras la columna .
Glosses: Juan was hidden behind the column
Translation: Juan was hidden behind the column.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan estaba escondido detrás de la columna .
Glosses: Juan was hidden DE.behind of the column
Translation: Juan was hidden behind the column.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: María se paró ante la catedral .
Glosses: María SE stood front the cathedral
Translation: María stood in front of the cathedral.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: María se paró delante de la catedral .
Glosses: María SE stood DE.L.front2 of the cathedral
Translation: María stood in front of the cathedral.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tus amigos trajeron vino/ copas .
Glosses: your friends.NOM brought wine.ACC/ wine-glasses.ACC
Translation: Your friends brought wine/wine glasses.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Vino es bueno para la salud .
Glosses: wine.NOM is good for the health
Translation: Wine is good for the health.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Cayeron amigos .
Glosses: fell friends.NOM
Translation: (Some) friends dropped by.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Amigos cayeron .
Glosses: friends.NOM fell
Translation: (Some) friends dropped by.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Fue encontrado petróleo en Jamaica .
Glosses: was found oil.NOM in Jamaica
Translation: Oil was found in Jamaica.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *?Petróleo fue encontrado en Jamaica .
Glosses: oil.NOM was found in Jamaica
Translation: Oil was found in Jamaica.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Chicos festejaron .
Glosses: kids.NOM celebrated
Translation: Kids celebrated.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Festejaron chicos .
Glosses: celebrated kids.NOM
Translation: Kids celebrated.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Los chicos festejaron .
Glosses: the kids.NOM celebrated
Translation: The kids celebrated.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Festejaron los chicos .
Glosses: celebrated the kids.NOM
Translation: The kids celebrated.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Tu amiga consideraba interesantes películas . (Cf . las películas)
Glosses: your friend considered interesting movies.ACC 
Translation: Your friend used to consider movies to be interesting.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: El pirata escondió el tesoro bajo tierra .
Glosses: the pirate hid the treasure under earth
Translation: The pirate hid the treasure underground.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *El pirata escondió el tesoro debajo de tierra .6
Glosses: the pirate hid the treasure DE.under of earth
Translation: The pirate hid the treasure underground.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: La ciudad estaba enterrada bajo nieve .
Glosses: the city was buried under snow
Translation: The city was buried in snow.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *La ciudad estaba enterrada debajo de nieve .
Glosses: the city was buried DE.under of snow
Translation: The city was buried in snow.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Había personas escondidas tras muros .
Glosses: have.PAST people hidden behind walls
Translation: There were people hidden behind walls.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?Había personas escondidas detrás de muros .
Glosses: have.PAST people hidden DE.behind of walls
Translation: There were people hidden behind walls.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Me gusta pintar sobre madera .
Glosses: CL.1SG like paint.INF on wood
Translation: I like to paint on wood.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Me gusta pintar encima de madera .
Glosses: CL.1SG like paint.INF on.top of wood
Translation: I like to paint on wood.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Stathika piso tis .
Glosses: stood-1SG behind she-CL-GEN
Translation: I stood behind her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kathomun epano tu .
Glosses: was.sitting-1SG on he-CL-GEN
Translation: I was sitting on him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: El gato me espiaba desde debajo de la mesa .
Glosses: the cat CL.1SG was.spying from DE.under of the table
Translation: The cat was spying on me from under the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Venía un hombre detrás mío .11
Glosses: was.coming a man DE.behind mine
Translation: A man was coming behind me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?El gato me espiaba desde bajo la mesa .
Glosses: the cat CL.1SG was.spying from under the table
Translation: The cat was spying on me from under the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Venía un hombre tras mío .
Glosses: was.coming a man behind mine
Translation: A man was coming behind me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pusimos los estantes sobre la mesada .15
Glosses: put.PAST.1PL the shelves over the counter
Translation: We put the shelves above the counter.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Pusimos los estantes muy sobre la mesada
Glosses: put.PAST.1PL the shelves very over the counter
Translation: We put the shelves too high up above the counter.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Pusimos un estante más sobre la mesada que el otro .
Glosses: put.PAST.1PL a shelf more above the counter than the other
Translation: We put one shelf higher above the counter than the other one.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan se paró detrás de la columna .
Glosses: Juan SE stood DE.behind of the column
Translation: Juan stood behind the column.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Juan se paró muy detrás de la columna .
Glosses: Juan SE stood very DE.behind of the column
Translation: Juan stood a considerable distance behind the column.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Juan se paró más detrás de la columna que Pedro .16
Glosses: Juan SE stood more DE.behind of the column than Pedro . 
Translation: Juan stood further behind the column than Pedro.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hay migas debajo [de la cama y de la mesa].
Glosses: have.PRES breadcrumbs DE.under of the bed and of the table
Translation: There are breadcrumbs under the bed and the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *?Hay migas bajo [la cama y la mesa].
Glosses: have.PRES breadcrumbs under the bed and the table
Translation: There are breadcrumbs under the bed and the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [La cama y la mesa] están en el depósito . [subject]
Glosses: the bed and the table are in the warehouse 
Translation: The bed and the table are in the warehouse.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tenemos que lustrar [la cama y la mesa]. [object]
Glosses: have.PRES.1PL that polish.INF the bed and the table 
Translation: We have to polish the bed and the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Visité a [mi hermana y la tía Enriqueta].18
Glosses: visited.1SG A my sister and the aunt Enriqueta
Translation: I visited my sister and Aunt Enriqueta.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Visité [a mi hermana] y [a la tía Enriqueta].
Glosses: visited.1SG A my sister and A the aunt Enriqueta
Translation: I visited my sister and Aunt Enriqueta.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Hay migas debajo de [la cama y la mesa].
Glosses: have.PRES breadcrumbs DE.under of the bed and the table
Translation: There are breadcrumbs under the bed and the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?Juan se paró ante [la catedral y la casa de gobierno].
Glosses: Juan SE stood front the cathedral and the house of government
Translation: Juan stood in front of the cathedral and the house of government.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan se paró delante [de la catedral y de la casa de gobierno].
Glosses: Juan SE stood DE.L.front of the cathedral and of the house of government
Translation: Juan stood in front of the cathedral and the house of government.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?Apoyó el bolso sobre [el dibujo y la tarjeta].
Glosses: placed.3SG the bag on the drawing and the card
Translation: He/she placed the bag on the drawing and the card.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Apoyó el bolso encima [del dibujo y de la tarjeta].
Glosses: placed.3SG the bag on.top of.the drawing and of the card
Translation: He/she placed the bag on top of the drawing and the card.’23
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *El libro está debajo la mesa .
Glosses: the book is DE.under the table
Translation: The book is under the table.’24
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hay migas bajo (*probablemente) la cama .
Glosses: have.PRES breadcrumbs under probably the bed
Translation: There are probably breadcrumbs under the bed.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hay migas debajo (%probablemente) de la cama .
Glosses: have.PRES breadcrumbs DE.under probably of the bed
Translation: There are probably breadcrumbs under the bed.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan se escondió tras (*probablemente) la columna .
Glosses: Juan SE hid behind probably the column
Translation: Juan probably hid behind the column.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan se escondió detrás (%probablemente) de la columna .
Glosses: Juan SE hid DE.behind probably of the column
Translation: Juan probably hid behind the column.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Deberíamos pararnos ante (*quizás) la estatua de mármol .
Glosses: should.1PL stand.INF.CL front perhaps the statue of marble
Translation: We should perhaps stand in front of the marble statue.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Deberíamos pararnos delante (%quizás) de la estatua de mármol .
Glosses: should.1PL stand.INF.CL DE.L.front perhaps of the statue of marble
Translation: We should perhaps stand in front of the marble statue.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Estos chicos están *debajo de/bajo mi responsabilidad .
Glosses: these kids are DE.under of/under my responsibility
Translation: These kids are under my responsibility.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nicolás decidió seguir *detrás de/tras los pasos de su padre .
Glosses: Nicolás decided follow.INF DE.behind of/behind the steps of his father
Translation: Nicolás decided to follow in his father’s footsteps.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nos quedamos sin palabras *delante de/ante su generosidad .
Glosses: CL.1PL remained without words DE.L.front of/ front his generosity
Translation: His generosity left us speechless.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Se paró bajo el toldo .
Glosses: SE stood under the canopy
Translation: He/she stood under the canopy.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Se paró debajo del toldo .
Glosses: SE stood DE.under of.the canopy
Translation: He/she stood under the canopy.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nos acostamos a descansar bajo el sol .
Glosses: CL.1PL lay to rest.INF under the sun
Translation: We lay down to rest in the sun.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Nos acostamos a descansar debajo del sol .
Glosses: CL.1PL lay to rest.INF DE.under of.the sun
Translation: We lay down to rest right underneath the sun.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Me gusta dormir bajo las estrellas .
Glosses: CL.1SG like sleep.INF under the stars
Translation: I like to sleep under the stars.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Me gusta dormir debajo de las estrellas .
Glosses: CL.1SG like sleep.INF DE.under of the stars
Translation: I like to sleep right underneath the stars.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan se paró ante el lindísimo paisaje .
Glosses: Juan SE stood front the nice.INTENS landscape
Translation: Juan stood before the beautiful landscape.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Juan se paró delante del lindísimo paisaje
Glosses: Juan SE stood DE.L.front of.the nice.INTENS landscape
Translation: Juan stood before the beautiful landscape.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hay escarcha sobre la pradera .
Glosses: have.PRES frost on the prairie
Translation: There’s frost on the prairie.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Hay escarcha encima de la pradera .
Glosses: have.PRES frost on.top of the prairie
Translation: There’s frost on the prairie.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hay escarcha encima de/sobre la mesa .
Glosses: have.PRES frost on.top of/on the table
Translation: There is frost on the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pablo le mandó un diccionario a Gabi .
Glosses: Pablo CL sent a dictionary to Gabi
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pablo le puso azúcar al mate .29
Glosses: Pablo CL put sugar to.the mate
Translation: Pablo put sugar in the mate.’ (Lit. ‘Pablo put the mate sugar.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pablo puso azúcar en el mate .
Glosses: Pablo put sugar in the mate . 
Translation: Pablo put sugar in the mate.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pablo puso azúcar en la mesa .
Glosses: Pablo put sugar on the table . 
Translation: Pablo put sugar on the table,
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pablo le puso azúcar al mate .
Glosses: Pablo CL put sugar to.the mate
Translation: Pablo put sugar in the mate.’ (Lit. ‘Pablo put the mate sugar.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Pablo le puso azúcar a la mesa .
Glosses: Pablo CL put sugar to the table
Translation: Pablo put sugar on the table.’ (Lit. ‘Pablo put the table sugar.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: El mate tiene azúcar .
Glosses: the mate has sugar
Translation: The mate has sugar in it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #La mesa tiene azúcar .
Glosses: the table has sugar
Translation: There’s sugar on the table.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Los pescadores tiraron petróleo en el mar .
Glosses: the fishermen threw oil in the sea
Translation: The fishermen poured oil into the sea.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Los pescadores le tiraron petróleo al mar .
Glosses: the fishermen CL threw oil to.the sea
Translation: The fishermen poured oil into the sea.’ (Lit. ‘The fishermen poured the sea oil.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan tiró cloro en la pileta .
Glosses: Juan threw chlorine in the swimming-pool . 
Translation: Juan poured chlorine into the swimming pool.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan le tiró cloro a la pileta .
Glosses: Juan CL threw chlorine to the swimming-pool
Translation: Juan poured chlorine into the swimming pool.’ (Lit. ‘Juan poured the swimming-pool chlorine.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #El mar tiene petróleo .
Glosses: the sea has oil
Translation: There is oil in the sea.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: La pileta tiene cloro .
Glosses: the swimming-pool has chlorine . 
Translation: The swimming-pool has chlorine.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: debajo de tierra muy húmeda
Glosses: DE.under of earth very moist
Translation: under very moist earth
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: debajo de tierra y arena
Glosses: DE.under of earth and sand
Translation: under earth and sand
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: debajo de la mesa
Glosses: DE.under of the.FEM table.FEM
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: debajo suyo [suyo = de la mesa]
Glosses: DE.under POSS.MASC.SG
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan se paró muy detrás del pelotón de entrada .
Glosses: Juan SE stood very DE.behind of.the group of entry
Translation: Juan stood very much behind the group at the entrance.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Juan se paró más detrás del pelotón que Pedro .
Glosses: Juan SE stood more DE.behind of.the group than Pedro
Translation: Juan stood further back behind the group than Pedro.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Evgenija otpravila posylku v Moskvu ?
Glosses: Evgenija send.PST.SG.F package.ACC to Moscow.ACC
Translation: Did Eugenia send the package to Moscow?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ne otpravila . / Otpravila .
Glosses: NEG send.PST.SG.F / send.PST.SG.F
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: A-r sciob an cat an t-eireaball den luch ?
Glosses: Q.PAST cut.PAST the cat the tail off-the mouse
Translation: Did the cat cut the tail off the mouse?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Sciob . / Ní-or sciob .
Glosses: cut.PAST / NEG-PAST cut.PAST
Translation: It did. / It didn’t.
Language: Irish
Transcription: Níor cheannaigh mé teach ariamh , ach dhíol .
Glosses: NEG-PAST buy I house ever but sold
Translation: I never bought this house, but sold it.
Language: Russian
Transcription: Našël li Paša knigu v biblioteke , I žurnal v stolovoj ?
Glosses: find.PST.SG.M Q Paša book.ACC in library.PREP and magazine.ACC in cafeteria.PREP
Translation: Did Pasha find a book in the library, and a magazine in the cafeteria?
Language: Russian
Transcription: Net , ne našël , a poterjal .
Glosses: No, NEG find.PST.SG.M but lose.PST.SG.M
Translation: No, he didn’t find (…), he lost (…).
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-a-siz
Glosses: write-PRS-2
Translation: You write.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-d-ingiz
Glosses: write-PST-2
Translation: You wrote.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-gan-man .
Glosses: write-PTCP-1SG
Translation: I have written.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-gan-d-im .
Glosses: write-PTCP-PST-1SG
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq-siz .
Glosses: interesting-2
Translation: You are interesting.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq e-d-ingiz .
Glosses: interesting E-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba-man .
Glosses: student-1SG
Translation: I am a student.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba e-d-im .
Glosses: student E-PST-1SG
Translation: I was a student.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod bilan-man .
Glosses: Farhod with-1SG
Translation: I am with Farhod.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod bilan e-d-im .
Glosses: Farhod with E-PST-1SG
Translation: I was with Farhod.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma-y-man .
Glosses: write-NEG-PRS-1SG
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma-d-im .
Glosses: write-NEG-PST-1SG
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz-ma(s) e-d-im .
Glosses: write-NEG E-PST-1SG
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba-mas-man .
Glosses: student-NEG-1SG
Translation: I’m not a student.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Talaba-mas-d-im .
Glosses: student-NEG-PST-1SG
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba-mas e-d-im .
Glosses: student-NEG E-PST-1SG
Translation: I was not a student.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma-d-ingiz .
Glosses: write-NEG-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz e-ma(s) e-d-ingiz .
Glosses: write E-NEG E-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz-ma(s) e-d-ingiz .
Glosses: write-NEG E-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz e-ma(s)-d-ingiz .
Glosses: write E-NEG-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma-y-siz
Glosses: write-NEG-PRS-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz e-ma(s) e-siz .
Glosses: write E-NEG E-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz-ma(s) e-siz .
Glosses: write-NEG E-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz e-ma(s)-siz .
Glosses: write E-NEG-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Talaba-mas-d-ingiz .
Glosses: student-NEG-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba e-mas e-d-ingiz .
Glosses: student E-NEG E-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba-mas e-d-ingiz .
Glosses: student-NEG E-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: ?Talaba e-mas-d-ingiz .
Glosses: student E-NEG-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba-mas-siz .
Glosses: student-NEG-2
Translation: You are not a student.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Talaba e-mas e-siz .
Glosses: student E-NEG E-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Talaba-mas e-siz .
Glosses: student-NEG E-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba e-mas-siz .
Glosses: student E-NEG-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma-y(-*mi)-siz-mi ?
Glosses: write-NEG-PRS(-*Q)-2-Q
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma(-*mi)-d-ingiz-mi ?
Glosses: write-NEG(-*Q)-PST-2-Q
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq-mi-siz ?
Glosses: interesting-Q-2
Translation: Are you interesting?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq-siz-mi ?
Glosses: interesting-2-Q
Translation: Are you interesting?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq-mas-mi-siz ?
Glosses: interesting-NEG-Q-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq-mas-siz-mi ?
Glosses: interesting-NEG-2-Q
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq e-mas-mi-siz ?
Glosses: interesting E-NEG-Q-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq e-mas-siz-mi ?
Glosses: interesting E-NEG-2-Q
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq-mas-mi-d-ingiz(-*mi)?
Glosses: interesting-NEG-Q-PST-2(-*Q)
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba-mas-mi-d-ik(-*mi)?
Glosses: student-NEG-Q-PST-1PL(-*Q)
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq e-mas-mi-d-ingiz(-*mi)?
Glosses: interesting E-NEG-Q-PST-2(-*Q)
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba e-mas-mi-d-ik(-*mi)?
Glosses: student E-NEG-Q-PST-1PL(-*Q)
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni yoz-gan-d-ingiz .
Glosses: book-ACC write-PTCP-PST-2
Translation: You had written the book.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni o’qi-gan-d-im .
Glosses: book-ACC read-PTCP-PST-1SG
Translation: I had read the book.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni yoz-ma-gan-d-ingiz .
Glosses: book-ACC write-NEG-PTCP-PST-2
Translation: You hadn’t written the book.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni o’qi-ma-gan-d-im .
Glosses: book-ACC read-NEG-PTCP-PST-1SG
Translation: I hadn’t read the book.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni yoz-ma-gan e-d-ingiz .
Glosses: book-ACC write-NEG-PTCP E-PST-2
Translation: You hadn’t written the book.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni o’qi-ma-gan e-d-im .
Glosses: book-ACC read-NEG-PTCP E-PST-1SG
Translation: I hadn’t read the book.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni yoz-ma-gan-d-ingiz-mi ?
Glosses: book-ACC write-NEG-PTCP-PST-2-Q
Translation: Hadn’t you written the book?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni yoz-ma-gan-mi-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: book-ACC write-NEG-PTCP-Q-PST-2
Translation: Hadn’t you written the book?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni o’qi-ma-gan-d-im-mi ?
Glosses: book-ACC read-NEG-PTCP-PST-1SG-Q
Translation: Hadn’t I read the book?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni o’qi-ma-gan-mi-d-im ?
Glosses: book-ACC read-NEG-PTCP-Q-PST-1SG
Translation: Hadn’t I read the book?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni yoz-gan-mas-d-ingiz .
Glosses: book-ACC write-PTCP-NEG-PST-2
Translation: You hadn’t written the book.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni yoz-gan e-mas-d-ingiz .
Glosses: book-ACC write-PTCP E-NEG-PST-2
Translation: You hadn’t written the book.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Kitob-ni yoz-ma-gan-mas-d-ingiz .
Glosses: book-ACC write-NEG-PTCP-NEG-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Kitob-ni yoz-ma-gan e-mas-d-ingiz .
Glosses: book-ACC write-NEG-PTCP E-NEG-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Bu kitob-ni yoz-ma-d-ingiz-mi ?
Glosses: this book-ACC write-NEG-PST-2-Q
Translation: Didn’t you write this book?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq e-mas-mi-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: interesting E-NEG-Q-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq e-mas(*-e)-mi-(*e-)d-ingiz ?
Glosses: interesting E-NEG(*-E)-Q-(*E-)PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq e-mas e-d-ingiz-mi ?
Glosses: interesting E-NEG E-PST-2-Q
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Qiqiz e-mas e-mi-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: interesting E-NEG E-Q-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Qiziq e-mas mi-e-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: interesting E-NEG Q-E-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma-gan-mi-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: write-NEG-PTCP-Q-PST-2
Translation: Haven’t you written?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma-gan(*-e)-mi(*-e)-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: write-NEG-PTCP(*-E)-Q(*-E)-PST-2
Translation: Haven’t you written?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-ma-gan e-d-ingiz-mi ?
Glosses: write-NEG-PTCP E-PST-2-Q
Translation: Haven’t you written?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz-ma-gan e-mi-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: write-NEG-PTCP E-Q-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Yoz-ma-gan mi-e-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: write-NEG-PTCP Q-E-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Talaba-d-im .
Glosses: student-PST-1SG
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: ?/*Talaba-mas-d-im .
Glosses: student-NEG-PST-1SG
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-gan-mas-mi-d-ingiz(-*mi)?
Glosses: write-PTCP-NEG-Q-PST-2(-*Q)
Translation: Haven’t you written?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Yoz-gan e-mas-mi-d-ingiz(-*mi)?
Glosses: write-PTCP E-NEG-Q-PST-2(-*Q)
Translation: Haven’t you written?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Talaba-mi-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: student-Q-PST-2
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Talaba-d-ingiz-mi ?
Glosses: student-PST-2-Q
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Qiziq-mi-d-ingiz ?
Glosses: interesting-Q-PST-2
Translation: Were you interesting?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Qiziq-d-ingiz-mi ?
Glosses: interesting-PST-2-Q
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kitob-ni o’qi-d-ingiz-mi ?
Glosses: book-ACC read-PST-2-Q
Translation: Did [you] read the book?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Ha , o’qi-d-im . / Yo’q , o’qi-ma-d-im .
Glosses: yes read-PST-1SG / no read-NEG-PST-1SG
Translation: Yes, [I] read [the book].’ / ‘No, [I] didn’t read [the book].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Men Farhod sabzi-ni xomligicha ye-ma-d-i deb o’yla-d-im , lekin siz ye-d-i deb ayt-d-ingiz .
Glosses: 1SG Farhod carrot-ACC raw eat-NEG-PST-3 C think-PST-1SG but 2SG eat-PST-3 C say-PST-2
Translation: I thought that Farhod didn’t eat the carrot raw, but you said that [he] ate [the carrot raw].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Bu mashina-ni bir qo’l-i bilan boshqara ol-a-di .
Glosses: this machine-ACC one hand-3SG.POSS with manage take-PRS-3SG
Translation: [(S)he (#someone)] can operate this machine with one hand.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Bu yerda kecha sigaret chek-d-i-mi ? Ha , chek-d-i .
Glosses: this here yesterday cigarette smoke-PST-3-Q yes smoke-PST-3
Translation: Did [(s)he (#someone)] smoke a cigarette here yesterday?’ ‘Yes, [(s)he (#someone)] smoked [a cigarette here yesterday].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Doska-da yoz-ayot-gan-d-i-mi ? Ha , yoz-ayot-gan-d-i .
Glosses: board-LOC write-PROG-PTCP-PST-3-Q yes write-PROG-PTCP-PST-3
Translation: Had [(s)he (#someone)] been writing on the blackboard?’ ‘Yes, [(s)he (#someone)] had been writing [on the blackboard].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kim-dir bu mashina-ni bir qo’l-i bilan boshqara ol-a-di-mi ? Ha , boshqara ol-a-di .
Glosses: some-one this machine-ACC one hand-3SG.POSS with manage take-PRS-3SG-Q yes manage take-PRS-3SG
Translation: Can someone operate this machine with one hand?’ ‘Yes, [someone] can operate [this machine with one hand].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kim-dir bu yerda kecha sigaret chek-d-i-mi ? Ha , chek-d-i .
Glosses: some-one this here yesterday cigarette smoke-PST-3-Q yes smoke-PST-3
Translation: Did someone smoke a cigarette here yesterday?’ ‘Yes, [someone] smoked [a cigarette here yesterday].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Kim-dir doska-da yoz-ayot-gan-d-i-mi ? Ha , yoz-ayot-gan-d-i .
Glosses: some-one board-LOC write-PROG-PTCP-PST-3-Q yes write-PROG-PTCP-PST-3
Translation: Had someone been writing on the blackboard?’ ‘Yes, [someone] had been writing [on the blackboard].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod Zamira-ga savol ber-d-i-mi ? Yo’q , Farida-ga ber-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod Zamira-DAT question give-PST-3-Q no Farida-DAT give-PST-3
Translation: Did Farhod ask a question of Zamira? No, [he] asked [a question] of Farida.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod ko’ylak-ni kirligicha sumka-ga sol-d-i . Zamira esa , tozaligicha sumka-ga sol-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod clothes-ACC dirty bag-LOC put-PST-3 Zamira EMPH clean bag-LOC put-PST-3
Translation: Farhod put clothes into the bag dirty. Zamira, on the other hand, put [clothes] into the bag clean.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod kim-ni-dir hursandligida ko’r-d-i . Hasan esa , xafaligida ko’r-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod who-ACC-one happy see-PST-3 Hasan EMPH happy see-PST-3
Translation: Farhod saw someone (being) happy. Hasan, on the other hand, saw [someone] (being) sad.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ora-lar-ing-da biror kishi xafa e-d-i-mi ? Ha , *(xafa) e-d-i .
Glosses: among-PL-2-LOC any person sad E-PST-3-Q yes sad E-PST-3
Translation: Among you was anyone sad? Yes, [someone] was sad.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: U yosh e-d-i , va siz ham *(yosh) e-d-ingiz .
Glosses: 3SG young E-PST-3 and 2SG also young E-PST-2
Translation: He was young, and you also were young.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: U talaba e-d-i , va siz ham *(talaba) e-d-ingiz .
Glosses: 3SG student E-PST-3 and 2SG also student E-PST-2
Translation: He was a student, and you also were a student.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Farhod Zamira-ni xafalaligida ko’r-d-i va Hasan Nigora-ni ko’r-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod Zamira-ACC sad see-PST-3 and Hasan Nigora-ACC see-PST-3
Translation: Farhod saw Zamira sad and Hasan saw Nigora (≠ sad).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Farhod to’siq-ni qizil-ga bo’ya-d-i . Zamira esa , eshik-ni bo’ya-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod fence-ACC red-DAT paint-PST-3 Zamira EMPH door-ACC paint-PST-3
Translation: Farhod painted the fence red. Zamira, on the other hand, painted the door (≠ red).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hasan men-ga hursand ko’rin-d-i . Zamira Farhod-ga *(hursand) ko’rin-d-i .
Glosses: Hasan 1SG-DAT happy seem-PST-3 Zamira Farhod-DAT happy seem-PST-3
Translation: Hasan seemed happy to me. Zamira seemed happy to Farhod.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hasan tez tayyor bo’l-d-i , lekin Zamira asta-sekin *(tayyor) bo’l-d-i .
Glosses: Hasan quickly ready become-PST-3 but Zamira slowly ready become-PST-3
Translation: Hasan became ready quickly, but Zamira became ready slowly.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Farhod Zamira-ni xafaligida ko’r-d-i-mi ? Ha , ko’r-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod Zamira-ACC sad see-PST-3-Q yes see-PST-3
Translation: Did Farhod see Zamira sad? Yes, [he] saw [her sad].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Farhod to’siq-ni qizil-ga bo’ya-d-i-mi ? Ha , bo’ya-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod fence-ACC red-DAT paint-PST-3-Q yes paint-3-PST
Translation: Did Farhod paint the fence red? Yes, [he] painted [the fence red].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Farhod men-ga hursand ko’rin-d-i . Zamira-ga esa , ko’rin-ma-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod 1SG-DAT happy seem-PST-3 Zamira-DAT EMPH seem-NEG-PST-3
Translation: Farhod seemed happy to me. And to Zamira, [he] didn’t seem [happy].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hasan tez tayyor bo’l-d-i-mi ? Ha , bo’l-d-i .
Glosses: Hasan quickly ready become-PST-3-Q yes become-PST-3
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Biror kishi hursand bo’l-d-i-mi ? Ha , bo’l-d-i .
Glosses: any person happy become-PST-3-Q yes become-PST-3
Translation: Did anyone become happy? Yes, [someone] became [happy].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Biror kishi hursand e-d-i-mi ?
Glosses: any person happy E-PST-3-Q
Translation: Was anyone happy?
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Ha , *(hursand) e-d-i .
Glosses: yes happy E-PST-3
Translation: Yes, [someone] was happy.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: *Ha , -d-i .
Glosses: yes PST-3
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod Zamira-ni bugun jinni qil-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod Zamira-ACC today crazy do-PST-3
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod Zamira-ni bugun kasal qil-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod Zamira-ACC today sick do-PST-3
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod Zamira-ni bugun jinni qil-d-i . Kecha esa , qil-ma-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod Zamira-ACC today crazy do-PST-3 yesterday EMPH do-NEG-PST-3
Translation: Farhod made Zamira crazy today. Yesterday, though, [he] didn’t make [Zamira crazy].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod Zamira-ni bugun kasal qil-d-i . Kecha esa , qil-ma-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod Zamira-ACC today sick do-PST-3 yesterday EMPH do-NEG-PST-3
Translation: Farhod made Zamira sick today. Yesterday, though, [he] didn’t make [Zamira sick].
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod Zamira-ni bugun jinni qil-d-i . Kecha esa , u Nigora-ni *(jinni qil-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod Zamira-ACC today crazy do-PST-3 Yesterday EMPH 3SG Nigora-ACC crazy do-PST-3
Translation: Farhod made Zamira crazy today. Yesterday, though, he made Nigora crazy.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Farhod bugun devor-ni qumshuvoq qil-d-i . O’tgan yili ham qil-gan-d-i .
Glosses: Farhod today wall-ACC spackle do-PST-3 last year also do-PTCP-PST-3
Translation: Farhod spackled the wall today. [He] had done [spackling the wall] last year too.
Language: Northern Uzbek
Transcription: Bugun Farhod to’siq-ni qizil-ga bo’ya-d-i . Ancha yil oldin ham bo’ya-gan-d-i .
Glosses: today Farhod fence-ACC red-DAT paint-PST-3 many year ago also paint-PTCP-PST-3
Translation: Today Farhod painted the fence red. Many years ago [he] also had painted [the fence red.]