lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Khen ch Dulmaa-g kharaa-güi .
Glosses: who.NOM CH Dulmaa-ACC see.PST-NEG
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Khen ch Dulmaa-g khar-san .
Glosses: who.NOM CH Dulmaa-ACC see-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara [ Dulmaa(-g) khen-iig ch kharaa-güi gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara [ Dulmaa(-ACC) who-ACC CH see.PST-NEG COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Nara said that Dulmaa did not see anyone.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Nara [ Dulmaa-g khen-iig ch khar-san gej ] khelee-güi .
Glosses: Nara [ Dulmaa-ACC who-ACC CH see-PST COMP ] say.PST-NEG
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara khen(-iig) ch iree-güi gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara who(-ACC) CH come.PST-NEG COMP say-PST
Translation: Nara said that nobody came.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Nara khen(-iig) ch ir-san gej khelee-güi .
Glosses: Nara who(-ACC) CH come-PST COMP say.PST-NEG
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Lusyn dagina bodit endalrach bai-deg-güi ch , Navchaa [ lusyn dagina(-iig) irch bai-n gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: mermaid real in.life COP-HAB-NEG CH Navchaa [ mermaid(-ACC) come.FUT AUX-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Although mermaids don’t exist, Navchaa said that a mermaid is coming.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Sharlovan(*-g) Bat-id baigaa .
Glosses: carrot(*-ACC) Bat-DAT COP.PRES
Translation: Bat has a carrot.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dulmaa chang-aar [ sharlovan-g Bat-id baigaa gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dulmaa loud-INSTR [ carrot-ACC Bat-DAT COP.PRES COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Dulmaa said loudly that Bat has a carrot.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Dulmaa(*-g) sain seheetin gej ] khel-gd-sen .
Glosses: [ Dulmaa(*-ACC) good noble COMP ] say-PASS-PST
Translation: It was said that Dulmaa is good and noble.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Bat(*-iig) chikher id-sen gedge n’ ] nama-ig gaikhsh-ruul-san .
Glosses: [ Bat(*-ACC) candy eat-PST COMP POSS.3 ] 1SG-ACC surprise-CAUS-PST
Translation: That Bat ate candy surprised me.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Dorj(*-iig) tsagtaa ir-sen (gedge) n’ ] nama-ig gaikhsh-ruul-san .
Glosses: [ Dorj(*-ACC) late come-PST (COMP) POSS.3 ] 1SG-ACC surprise-CAUS-PST
Translation: That Dorj arrived late surprised me.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Odgerel [ Dulmaa-d shine baishin(*-g) baigaa gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Odgerel [ Dulmaa-DAT new house(*-ACC) COP.PRES COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Odgerel shine baishin(-g) Dulmaa-d t baigaa gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Odgerel new house(-ACC) Dulmaa-DAT t COP.PRES COMP say-PST
Translation: Odgerel said that Dulmaa has a new house.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Margaash egch-ee ir-ne .
Glosses: tomorrow sister.NOM-REFL.POSS come-N.PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘My sister is coming tomorrow.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Margaash egch (miin) ir-ne .
Glosses: tomorrow sister (POSS.1SG) come-N.PST
Translation: My sister is coming tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: John bagsh-aas-aa asuu-san .
Glosses: John teacher-ABL-REFL.POSS ask-PST
Translation: John asked his teacher.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat [ Nara [ muur har-sn-iig-aa ] khel-sen gej ] med-n .
Glosses: Bat [ Nara [ cat see-PST-ACC-REFL.POSS ] say-PST COMP ] know-N.PST
Translation: Bat knows that Nara said that she saw a cat.’ (Lit.: ‘Bat knows [that Nara said [-aa seeing a cat]]’.)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bat chang-aar [ egch-ee gaikhal-tai gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat loud-INSTR [ sister.NOM-REFL.POSS wonder-with COMP ] say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Bat said loudly that his (own) sister is wonderful.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bat [ margaash egch-ee ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat [ tomorrow sister.NOM-REFL.POSS come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Bat said that his (own) sister is coming tomorrow.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat [ margaash egch-iig-ee ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat [ tomorrow sister-ACC-REFL.POSS come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Egch-iig-ee ir-ne gej ] Bat t khel-sen .
Glosses: [ sister-ACC-REFL.POSS come-N.PST COMP ] Bat t say-PST
Translation: Bat said that his (own) sister is coming tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ pro öör-öö öör-t-öö durtai ]-d bi bayartai bai-n .
Glosses: [ pro self-REFL self-DAT-REFL like ]-DAT 1SG.NOM grateful COP-N.PST
Translation: I am grateful that (s)he loves herself/himself.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Bat öör-öö öör-t-öö durtai ]-d bi bayartai bai-n .
Glosses: [ Bat self-REFL self-DAT-REFL like ]-DAT 1SG.NOM grateful COP-N.PST
Translation: I am grateful that Bat loves himself.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bat [ (margaash) [ öör-iin-kh-öö aav ] ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat [ (tomorrow) [ self-GEN-EPTH-REFL father.NOM ] come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Bat said loudly that his (own) father will come (tomorrow).’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat [ (margaash) [ öör-iin-kh-öö aav-iig ] ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat [ (tomorrow) [ self-GEN-EPTH-REFL father-ACC ] come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ [ Öör-iin-kh-öö aav-iig ] ir-ne gej ] Bat t khel-sen .
Glosses: [ [ self-GEN-EPTH-REFL father-ACC ] come-N.PST COMP ] Bat t say-PST
Translation: Bat said (loudly) that his (own) father will come (tomorrow).
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Tuya [ margaash öör-öö Mongol ruu yav-n gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Tuya [ tomorrow self.NOM-REFL Mongolia towards go-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Tuya [ margaash öör-iig-öö Mongol ruu yav-n gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Tuya [ tomorrow self-ACC-REFL Mongolia towards go-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Tuya said that she is going to Mongolia tomorrow.’8
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Odgerel [ margaash ter ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Odgerel [ tomorrow 3SG.NOM come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Odgerel said that (s)he (Odgerel or someone else) is coming tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Odgerel [ margaash tüün-iig ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Odgerel [ tomorrow 3SG-ACC come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Odgerel said that (s)he (only someone else, not Odgerel) is coming tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dorj [ {margaash} Dulmaa(-g) {margaash} ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj [ {tomorrow} Dulmaa(-ACC) {tomorrow} come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Dorj said loudly that Dulmaa will come tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dorj [ {*khurdan} Nara(-g) {khurdan} baishin {khurdan} bari-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj [ {*quickly} Nara(-ACC) {quickly} house {quickly} build-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Dorj said that Nara built a house quickly.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: {Dulmaa-d} Odgerel [ PRO {Dulmaa-d} nom ögö-kh ] durtai .
Glosses: {Dulmaa-DAT} Odgerel [ PRO {Dulmaa-DAT} book give-INF ] like
Translation: Odgerel likes to give books to Dulmaa.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat [ Dorj(-iig) Dulmaa-d nom-oo ög-sön gej ] chang-aar khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat [ Dorj(-ACC) Dulmaa-DAT book-REFL.POSS give-PST COMP ] loud-INSTR say-PST
Translation: Bat said loudly that Dorj gave his book to Dulmaa.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Dulmaa-d Bat [ Dorj(-iig) t nom-oo ög-sön gej ] chang-aar khel-sen .
Glosses: Dulmaa-DAT Bat [ Dorj(-ACC) t book-REFL.POSS give-PST COMP ] loud-INSTR say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara [ Dorj-iig vaar khagal-deg gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara [ Dorj-ACC vase break-HAB COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Nara said that Dorj broke a vase.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Vaar Nara [ Dorj-iig t khagal-deg gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: vase Nara [ Dorj-ACC t break-HAB COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat chang-aar [ Dorj sain seheetin gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat loud-INSTR [ Dorj.NOM good noble COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat Dorj-iig chang-aar [ ec sain seheetin gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat Dorj-ACC loud-INSTR [ ec good noble COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Bat said loudly that Dorj is good and noble.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat chang-aar [ nokhoi gaikhal-tai gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat loud-INSTR [ dog.NOM wonder-with COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat {nokhoi-g} chang-aar {nokhoi-g} gaikhal-tai gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat {dog-ACC} loud-INSTR {dog-ACC} wonder-with COMP say-PST
Translation: Bat said loudly that dogs are wonderful.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat {egch-iig-ee} chang-aar {egch-iig-ee} gaikhal-tai gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat {sister-ACC-REFL.POSS} loud-INSTR {sister-ACC-REFL.POSS} wonder-with COMP say-PST
Translation: Bat said loudly that his sister is wonderful.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat Dulmaa(-g) nom unsh-n gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat Dulmaa(-ACC) book read-N.PST COMP say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dulmaa-g Bat [ ec nom unsh-n gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dulmaa-ACC Bat [ ec book read-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Bat said that Dulmaa will read a book.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Shine baishin-g Odgerel [ ec Dulmaa-d baigaa gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: new house-ACC Odgerel [ ec Dulmaa-DAT COP.PRES COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Odgerel said that Dulmaa has a new house.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dorj chang-aar Bat-iin nüd(-iig) ore deer-ee gar-san gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj loud-INSTR Bat-GEN eye(-ACC) top on-REFL.POSS climb-PST COMP say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: ?Dorj Bat-iin nüd-iig chang-aar [ ec oree deer-ee gar-sen gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj Bat-GEN eye-ACC loud-INSTR [ ec top on-REFL.POSS climb-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Dorj said loudly that Bat was very surprised.’ (Lit.: ‘Dorj said loudly that Bat’s eyes climbed on top of themselves.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Navchaa chang-aar [ Odgerel deeremchn-iig bari-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Navchaa loud-INSTR [ Odgerel.NOM thief-ACC catch-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Navchaa said loudly that Odgerel caught a thief.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Navchaa deeremchn-iig chang-aar [ Odgerel ec bari-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Navchaa thief-ACC loud-INSTR [ Odgerel.NOM ec catch-PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dorj Nara-g chang-aar [ (*ter) sain gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj Nara-ACC loud-INSTR [ (*3SG) good COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Dorj said loudly that Nara will come tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *[ t sain seheetin gej ], Bat Dorj-iig chang-aar t khel-sen .
Glosses: [ t good noble COMP ] Bat Dorj-ACC loud-INSTR t say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘That Dorj is good and noble, Bat said loudly.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bi Bold [ pro ene muur-iig zur gej ] yatga-san .
Glosses: 1SG Bold.NOM [ pro this cat-ACC draw COMP ] persuade-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bi Bold-iig [ pro ene muur-iig zur gej ] yatga-san .
Glosses: 1SG Bold-ACC [ pro this cat-ACC draw COMP ] persuade-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: ?Bi Bold-iig [ ter / tüün-iig ene muur-iig zur gej ] yatga-san .
Glosses: 1SG Bold-ACC [ 3SG.NOM / 3SG-ACC this cat-ACC draw COMP ] persuade-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Pro ene muur-iig zur gej ] bi Bold-iig t yatga-san .
Glosses: [ pro this cat-ACC draw COMP ] 1SG Bold-ACC t persuade-PST
Translation: I persuaded Bold to draw this cat.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara [ muur bömbög-öör toglo-dog baa nokhoi yas-aar toglo-dog gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara [ cat.NOM ball-INSTR play-HAB CONJ dog.NOM bone-INSTR play-HAB COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara muur-iig bömbög-öör toglo-dog baa nokhoi-g yas-aar toglo-dog gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara cat-ACC ball-INSTR play-HAB CONJ dog-ACC bone-INSTR play-HAB COMP say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Nokhoi-g Nara muur-iig bömbög-öör toglo-dog baa ec yas-aar toglo-dog gej khel-sen .
Glosses: dog-ACC Nara cat-ACC ball-INSTR play-HAB CONJ ec bone-INSTR play-HAB COMP say-PST
Translation: Nara said that the cat plays with a ball and the dog plays with a bone.’15
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat chang-aar Odgerel(-iig) üdeshiilich-d ilbechin ur-val , Och bayla-n gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat loud-INSTR Odgerel(-ACC) party-DAT magician invite-COND Och happy-N.PST COMP say-PST
Translation: Bat said loudly that, if Odgerel invites a magician to the party, Och will be happy.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bat Odgerel-iig chang-aar [ ec üdeshiilich-d ilbechin ur-val , Och bayla-n gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat Odgerel-ACC loud-INSTR [ ec party-DAT magician invite-COND Och happy-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Odgerel-iig Bat chang-aar [ ec üdeshiilich-d ilbechin ur-val , Och bayl-an gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Odgerel-ACC Bat loud-INSTR [ ec party-DAT magician invite-COND Och happy-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat ene nom-iig unsh-san .
Glosses: Bat this book-ACC read-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Ene nom-iig Bat t unsh-san .
Glosses: this book-ACC Bat t read-PST
Translation: Bat read this book.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat [ margaash Dulmaa-d nom bai-na gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat [ tomorrow Dulmaa-DAT book COP-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat [ nom margaash Dulmaa-d t bai-na gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat [ book tomorrow Dulmaa-DAT t COP-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Bat said that Dulmaa will have a book tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bold Tuya*(-g) haramsaltai-gaar [ t teneg gej ] bod-son .
Glosses: Bold Tuya*(-ACC) sadly-INST [ t stupid COMP ] think-PST
Translation: Bold thought with sadness that Tuya is stupid.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bat Dorj chang-aar [ t sain seheetin gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat Dorj.NOM loud-INSTR [ t good noble COMP ] say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Bat said loudly that Dorj is good and noble.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Dorj Bat [ t Dulmaa-d nom-oo ög-sön gej ] chang-aar khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj.NOM Bat [ t Dulmaa-DAT book-REFL.POSS give-PST COMP ] loud-INSTR say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Bat said loudly that Dorj gave his book to Dulmaa.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Navchaa deeremchn-iig chang-aar [ Odgerel t bari-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Navchaa thief-ACC loud-INSTR [ Odgerel.NOM t catch-PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Deeremchn-iig Navchaa chang-aar [ Odgerel t bari-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: thief-ACC Navchaa loud-INSTR [ Odgerel.NOM t catch-PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara [ Dorj vaar khagal-deg gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara [ Dorj.NOM vase break-HAB COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Nara said that Dorj broke a vase.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Nara vaar [ Dorj t khagal-deg gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara vase [ Dorj.NOM t break-HAB COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Vaar Nara [ Dorj t khagal-deg gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: vase Nara [ Dorj.NOM t break-HAB COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dulmaa chang-aar [ Bat hal uzej khaluun chu luu-g doloo-son gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dulmaa loud-INSTR [ Bat.NOM fire UZEJ hot stone-ACC lick-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Dulmaa said loudly that Bat has a difficult life.’ (Lit.: Dulmaa said loudly that Dulmaa licked a fire-hot stone.)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Dulmaa hal uzej khaluun chuluu-g chang-aar [ Bat t doloo-son gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dulmaa fire UZEJ hot stone-ACC loud-INSTR [ Bat.NOM t lick-PST COMP ] say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bat Dulmaa-d [ Dorj(-iig) t nom-oo ög-sön gej ] chang-aar khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat Dulmaa-DAT [ Dorj(-ACC) t book-REFL.POSS give-PST COMP ] loud-INSTR say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bat Dulmaa-g chang-aar [ Dorj t nom ög-sön gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat Dulmaa-ACC loud-INSTR [ Dorj.NOM t book give-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Bat said loudly that Dorj gave a book to Dulmaa.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Öör-iin-kh n’ bagsh oyuutan bür-iig zur-san .
Glosses: self-GEN-EPTH-REFL POSS.3 teacher student every-ACC draw-PST
Translation: Her/His teacher drew every student.’ (NOT: ‘For every x, x’s teacher drew x.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Oyuutan bür-iig öör-iin-kh n’ bagsh t zur-san .
Glosses: student every-ACC self-GEN-EPTH POSS.3 teacher t draw-PST
Translation: For every x, x’s teacher drew x.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Aav n’ Dulmaa-d nom ög-sön .
Glosses: father POSS.3 Dulmaa-DAT book give-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dulmaa-d aav n’ t nom ög-sön .
Glosses: Dulmaa-DAT father POSS.3 t book give-PST
Translation: Her/His father gave Dulmaa a book.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bi tüün-d Dulmaa-g-iin nom-iig ög-sön .
Glosses: 1SG.NOM 3SG-DAT Dulmaa-EPTH-GEN book-ACC give-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bi ted-end Dulmaa Navchaa khoyor-iin nom-iig ög-sön .
Glosses: 1SG.NOM 3PL-DAT Dulmaa Navchaa two-GEN book-ACC give-PST
Translation: I gave them Dulmaa’s and Navchaa’s book.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bi ted-end öör-sd-iin-kh-öö nom-iig ög-sön .
Glosses: 1SG.NOM 3PL-DAT self-PL-GEN-EPTH-REFL book-ACC give-PST
Translation: I (and other people) gave them our own book.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara *(Bat khoyor) tedn-iig bukh buuz-iig id-sen gej negneg-n-ii-kh-ee eej-id khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara *(Bat two) 3PL-ACC every buuz-ACC eat-PST COMP one.another-EPTH-GEN-EPTH-REFL mother-DAT say-PST
Translation: Nara and Bat told each other’s mothers that they ate all the buuz.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara bukh oyuutan(-iig) ir-ne gej öör-iin-kh-öö bagsh-id khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara every student(-ACC) come-N.PST COMP self-GEN-EP-REFL teacher-DAT say-PST
Translation: Nara told her teacher that every student is coming.’ (NOT: ‘Nara told their teacher that every student is coming tomorrow.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Dulmaa-g aav-aa [ t sain khun gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dulmaa-ACC father-REFL.POSS [ t good person COMP ] say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Her (own) father said that Dulmaa is a good person.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: {*Deeremchn-iig} Navchaa {*deeremchn-iig} chang-aar [ Odgerel {deeremchn-iig} bari-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: {*thief-ACC} Navchaa {*thief-ACC} loud-INSTR [ Odgerel.NOM {thief-ACC} catch-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Navchaa said loudly that Odgerel caught a (certain) thief.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dulmaa-d shine baishin baigaa .
Glosses: Dulmaa-DAT new house COP.PRES
Translation: Dulmaa has a new house.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Tüün-d Dorj-iin nom baigaa .
Glosses: 3SG-DAT Dorj-GEN book COP.PRES
Translation: He/She has Dorj’s book.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Odgerel [ Dulmaa-d shine baishin baigaa gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Odgerel [ Dulmaa-DAT new house COP.PRES COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Odgerel said that Dulmaa has a new house.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *{Dulmaa-g} Odgerel {Dulmaa-g} shine baishin baigaa gej khel-sen .
Glosses: {Dulmaa-ACC} Odgerel {Dulmaa-ACC} new house COP.PRES COMP say-PST
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Öör-iin-kh n’ eej okhin bür(-iig) ukhaan-tai gej khel-sen .
Glosses: self-GEN-EPTH POSS.3 mother girl every(-ACC) intelligence-with COMP say-PST
Translation: Her/His (e.g. Dorj’s) mother said that every girl is intelligent.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Okhin bür-iig öör-iin-kh n’ eej [ t ukhaan-tai gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: girl every-ACC self-GEN-EPTH POSS.3 mother [ t intelligence-with COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Her mother said that every girl is intelligent.’ (‘For every girl x, x’s mother said that x is intelligent.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Öör-sd-iin-kh n’ eej Bat Dulmaa khoyor(-iig) sain khümüüs gej khel-sen .
Glosses: self-PL-GEN-EPTH POSS.3 mother Bat Dulmaa two(-ACC) good people COMP say-PST
Translation: Their mothers said that Bat and Dulmaa are good people.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat Dulmaa khoyor-iig öör-sd-iin-kh n’ eej [ t sain khümüüs gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat Dulmaa two-ACC self-PL-GEN-EPTH POSS.3 mother [ t good People COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Their mothers said that Bat and Dulmaa are good people.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Tüünii eej [ margaash Dorj(-iig) ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: 3SG.GEN mother [ tomorrow Dorj(-ACC) come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: His mother said that Dorj is coming tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dorj-iig tüünii eej [ margaash t ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj-ACC 3SG.GEN mother [ tomorrow t come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: His mother said that Dorj is coming tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Tüünii eej Dorj(-iig) geriin daalgavar-aa khii-sen gej khel-sen .
Glosses: 3SG.GEN mother Dorj(-ACC) homework-REFL.POSS do-PST COMP say-PST
Translation: His mother said that Dorj did his homework.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dorj-iig tüünii eej [ t geriin daalgavar-aa khii-sen gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj-ACC 3SG.GEN mother [ t homework-REFL.POSS do-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: His mother said that Dorj did his homework.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Eej n’ [ margaash Dorj(-iig) ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: mother POSS.3 [ tomorrow Dorj(-ACC) come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: His mother said that Dorj is coming tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dorj-iig eej n’ [ margaash t ir-ne gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Dorj-ACC mother POSS.3 [ tomorrow t come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: His mother said that Dorj is coming tomorrow.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bi Bat(-iig) sain khün gej tüün-d khel-sen .
Glosses: 1SG.NOM Bat(-ACC) good person COMP 3SG-DAT say-PST
Translation: I told her/him that Bat is a good person.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat-iin eej-iig bi [ t sain khün gej ] tüün-d khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat-GEN mother-ACC 1SG.NOM [ t good person COMP 3SG ] DAT say-PST
Translation: I told her/him that Bat’s mother is a good person.
Language: Levantine Arabic
Transcription: Miin ʔilli l-ʔasad ʔakal -ha mbaariḥ ?
Glosses: who that the-lion ate -her yesterday
Translation: Who did the lion eat yesterday?
Language: Levantine Arabic
Transcription: *miin ʔilli l-ʔasad ʔakal  mbaariḥ ?
Glosses: who that the-lion ate e yesterday
Language: Levantine Arabic
Transcription: *Miin ʔilli hi ʔaklat l-ʔasad mbaariḥ ?
Glosses: who that she ate the-lion yesterday
Language: Levantine Arabic
Transcription: Miin ʔilli  ʔaklat l-ʔasad mbaariḥ ?
Glosses: who that e ate the-lion yesterday
Translation: Who ate the lion yesterday?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Bat yu id-sen *(be)?
Glosses: Bat what eat-PST *(Q)
Translation: What did Bat eat?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Navchaa [ Odgerel khen-iig khar-san {*be} gej ] khel-sen {be}?
Glosses: Navchaa [ Odgerel.NOM who-ACC see-PST {*Q} COMP ] say-PST {Q}
Translation: Who did Navchaa say that Odgerel saw?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Odgerel üdeshiilich-d ilbechin ur-val , Och bayrla-na .
Glosses: Odgerel party-DAT magician invite-COND Och happy-N.PST
Translation: If Odgerel invites a magician to the party, Och will be happy.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Odgerel khen-iig ur-val {be}, Och bayrla-na {be}?
Glosses: Odgerel who-ACC invite-COND {Q} Och happy-N.PST {Q}
Translation: (Lit.: ‘Who will, if Odgerel invites ec to the party, Och be happy?’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Och(-iig) buuz id-sen eseh-iig Bold assu-san .
Glosses: Och(-ACC) buuz eat-PST whether-ACC Bold ask-PST
Translation: Bold asked whether Och ate buuz.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Och(-iig) yu id-sen eseh-iig Bold assu-san be ?
Glosses: Och(-ACC) what eat-PST whether-ACC Bold ask-PST Q
Translation: (Lit.: ‘What did Bold ask whether Och ate?’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Bat öör-iin-kh-öö yamar zurg-iig shataa-san gej ] Nara Dulmaa khoyor khel-sen be ?
Glosses: [ Bat self-GEN-EPTH-REFL which picture-ACC burn-PST COMP ] Nara Dulmaa two say-PST Q
Translation: Which picture of himself did Nara and Dulmaa say that Bat burned?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Bat öör-sd-iin-kh-öö yamar zurg-iig shataa-san gej ] Nara Dulmaa khoyor khel-sen be ?
Glosses: [ Bat self-PL-GEN-EPENTH-REFL which picture-ACC burn-PST COMP ] Nara Dulmaa two say-PST Q
Translation: Which picture of themselves did Nara and Dulmaa say that Bat burned?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Tüünii eej [ Tuya khen-iig khar-san gej ] khel-sen be ?
Glosses: 3SG.GEN mother [ Tuya.NOM who-ACC see-PST COMP ] say-PST Q
Translation: Who does her/his mother said Tuya saw?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Dorj [ Och khen-d ene nom-iig ög-sön gej ] khel-sen be ?
Glosses: Dorj [ Och.NOM who-DAT this book-ACC give-PST COMP ] say-PST Q
Translation: To whom did Dorj say that Och gave a book?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Öör-sd-iin-kh n’ eej [ Odgerel(-iig) khen-d ene nom-iig ög-sön gej ] khel-sen ?
Glosses: self-PL-GEN-EPTH POSS.3 mother [ Odgerel(-ACC) who-DAT this book-ACC give-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Who did her/his mother say that Odgerel gave a book to?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara [ khen-d shine baishin baigaa gej ] khel-sen be ?
Glosses: Nara [ who-DAT new house COP.PRES COMP ] say-PST Q
Translation: Who did Nara say has a new house?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Tüünii eej khen(-iig) geriin daalgavar-aa khii-sen gej khel-sen be ?
Glosses: 3SG.GEN mother who(-ACC) homework-REFL.POSS do-PST COMP say-PST Q
Translation: Who did her/his mother say did her/his homework?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Eej n’ [ margaash khen-iig ir-ne gej ] khel-sen be ?
Glosses: mother POSS.3 [ tomorrow who-ACC come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST Q
Translation: Who did her/his mother say is coming tomorrow?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Ter [ Bold khen-iin zurg-iig shataa-san gej ] khel-sen be ?
Glosses: 3SG.NOM [ Bold.NOM who-GEN picture-ACC burn-PST COMP ] say-PST Q
Translation: Whose picture did (s)he say that Bold burned?
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Yî̤in Ø-cí̤ môc tî̤iŋ .
Glosses: you 2-PRF.OV man.GEN see.NF
Translation: You, the man has seen.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Mìir à-càa tî̤iŋ .
Glosses: giraffe 3SG-PRF.1SG see.NF
Translation: A giraffe, I have seen.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Miɛ̀ɛr á-càa ké tî̤iŋ .
Glosses: giraffes 3PL-PRF.1SG 3PL see.NF
Translation: Giraffes, I have seen.
Language: Dinka
Transcription: Mòc é̤bɛ̤́n à-yíi tiéeŋ-dè luêeel [ è̤ __thɛt ].
Glosses: man every 3S-HAB.OV woman-SG.3SG say.NF [ C__cook.SV ]
Translation: Every man, his wife says is cooking.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Bat chang-aar Odgerel üdeshiilich-d ilbechin ur-val , Och-iig bayla-n gej khel-sen .
Glosses: Bat loud-INSTR Odgerel.NOM party-DAT magician invite-COND Och-ACC happy-N.PST COMP say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Bat said loudly that, if Odgerel invites a magician to the party, Och will be happy.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Navchaa chang-aar [ deeremchn-iig Odgerel t bari-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Navchaa loud-INSTR [ thief-ACC Odgerel.NOM t catch-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Navchaa said loudly that Odgerel caught a thief.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: [ Deeremchn-iig Odgerel t bari-san gej ] Navchaa chang-aar khel-sen .
Glosses: [ thief-ACC Odgerel.NOM t catch-PST COMP ] Navchaa loud-INSTR say-PST
Translation: That Odgerel caught a thief, Navchaa said loudly.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Ted neg neg-n-ii-kh-ee eej-iig khar-san .
Glosses: 3PL.NOM one.another-EPTH-GEN-EPTH-REFL mother-ACC see-PST
Translation: They saw each other’s mothers.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Ted-nii bagsh neg neg-n-ii-kh-ee eej-iig khar-san .
Glosses: 3PL.GEN teacher one.another-EPTH-GEN-EPTH-REFL mother-ACC see-PST
Translation: Their teachers saw each other’s mothers.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Ted [ Bat neg neg-n-ii-kh-ee eej-iig khar-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: 3PL.NOM [ Bat.NOM one.another-EPTH-GEN-EPTH-REFL mother-ACC see-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: (Lit.: ‘They said that Bat saw each other’s mothers.)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Ted [ Bat Dulmaa khoyor neg neg-n-ii-kh-ee eej-iig khar-san gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: 3PL.NOM [ Bat Dulmaa two.NOM one.another-EPTH-GEN-EPTH-REFL mother-ACC see-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: They said that Bat and Dulmaa saw each other’s mothers.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Okhin bür öör-iin-kh n’ eej [ t ukhaan-tai gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: girl every.NOM self-GEN-EPTH POSS.3 mother [ t intelligence-with COMP ] say-PST
Translation: (Int.: ‘Her/His (e.g. Dorj’s) mother said that every girl is intelligent.’)
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: *Khen-d Dorj [ Och t ene nom-iig ög-sön gej ] khel-sen be ?
Glosses: who-DAT Dorj [ Och.NOM t this book-ACC give-PST COMP ] say-PST Q
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Buuts-iig bol bi [ Bat / Bat-iin / *Bat-iig t avčer-ex ]-iig harsen .
Glosses: dumplings-ACC TOP I [ Bat.NOM / Bat-GEN / *Bat-ACC t bring-INF ]-ACC saw
Translation: As for the dumplings, I saw Bat bringing them.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Nara [ Dorj(-iig) buuz-iig id-sen gej ] khel-sen .
Glosses: Nara [ Dorj(-ACC) buuz-ACC eat-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: Nara said that Dorj ate the buuz.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: Buuz-iig bol Nara [ Dorj(-iig) t id-sen gej ] hel-sen .
Glosses: buuz-ACC TOP Nara.NOM [ Dorj(-ACC) t eat-PST COMP ] say-PST
Translation: The buuz, Nara said that Dorj ate.
Language: Halh Mongolian
Transcription: %Eej n’ [ margaash khen ir-ne gej ] khel-sen be ?
Glosses: mother POSS.3 [ tomorrow who.NOM come-N.PST COMP ] say-PST Q
Translation: Who did his mother say is coming tomorrow?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae hynny ’n syniad da iawn . Ai ti feddyliodd amdano fo gynta ?
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG that PRED idea good very Q.FOC you.SG think.PST.3SG about.3MSG it.M first
Translation: That’s a very good idea. Was it you that thought of it first?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae ’r drws (yn)6 cau agor .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG the door (PROG) CAU open.INF
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae Aled yn chwarae .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG Aled PROG play.INF
Translation: Aled is playing.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dydi Aled ddim yn chwarae .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG Aled NEG PROG play.INF
Translation: Aled is not playing.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ceith/Geith Aled chwarae .
Glosses: get.FUT.3SG Aled play.INF
Translation: Aled will be allowed to play.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Geith/Cheith Aled ddim chwarae .
Glosses: NEG.get.FUT.3SG Aled NEG play.INF
Translation: Aled will not be allowed to play.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dydi Aled ddim (yn) helpu neb .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG Aled NEG (PROG) help.INF no.one
Translation: Aled is helping no one./Aled isn’t helping anyone.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Welodd Aled neb .
Glosses: NEG.see.PST.3SG Aled no.one
Translation: Aled saw no one.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dw i ddim erioed wedi gweld hyn o’r blaen .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.1SG I NEG never PRF see.INF this before
Translation: I have never seen this before.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Does dim neb yn bwysicach na ’i gilydd .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG NEG no.one PRED more.important than RECP
Translation: No one is more important than each other.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dw i erioed wedi gweld hyn o’r blaen .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.1SG I never PRF see.INF this before
Translation: I have never seen this before.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Does neb yn bwysicach na ’i gilydd .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG no.one PRED more.important than RECP
Translation: No one is more important than each other.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dydi ’r drws (yn) cau agor .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG the door (PROG) CAU open.INF
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dydi ’r drws ddim (yn) cau agor .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG the door NEG (PROG) CAU open.INF
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dydi Mari ddim yn medru agor y drws a dydi Ifan ddim yn medru chwaith .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG Mari NEG PROG be.able.INF open.INF the door and NEG.be.PRS.3SG Ifan NEG PROG be.able.INF either
Translation: Mari can’t open the door and Ifan can’t either.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae Mari ’n disgwyl gadael yn gynnar ac mae Ifan yn disgwyl *(gwneud) hefyd .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG Mari PROG expect.INF leave.INF PRED early and be.PRS.3SG Ifan PROG expect.INF do.INF too
Translation: Mari expects to leave early and Ifan expects to (do) too.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae ’r wal wedi dechrau disgyn ac mae ’r tŵr wedi dechrau ??(gwneud) hefyd .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG the wall PRF start.INF fall.INF and be.PRS.3SG the tower PRF start.INF do.INF too
Translation: The wall has started to fall and the tower has started to too.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Gwnaeth Mari adael yn gynnar .
Glosses: do.PST.3SG Mari leave.INF PRED early
Translation: Mari left early.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Gadawodd Mari yn gynnar .
Glosses: leave.PST.3SG Mari PRED early
Translation: Mari left early.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ [ gwneud] [ gadael yn gynnar]]
Glosses:  do.INF leave.INF PRED early
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae d’ un di ’n agor ond dydi f’ un i cau (gwneud).
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG 2SG one you PROG open.INF but NEG.be.PRS.3SG 1SG one me CAU do.INF
Translation: Yours is opening, but mine won’t (do).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae dy gar chdi ’n cau cychwyn .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG 2SG car you PROG CAU start.INF
Translation: (We’d better phone the garage.) Your car won’t start.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dydi dy ffôn di cau gweithio .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG 2SG phone you CAU work.INF
Translation: (I can’t phone them.) Your phone won’t work.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dydi ein teledu ni ddim yn cau gweithio .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG 1PL television we NEG PROG CAU work.INF
Translation: (We’ll have to go to friends to watch the film.) Our TV won’t work.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Does neb yn cau dod allan efo fi .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG no.one PROG CAU come.INF out with me
Translation: (I’ve got to stay home tonight.) No one will come out with me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Mae neb (yn) cau dod allan efo fi .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG no.one PROG CAU come.INF out with me
Translation: (‘No one will come out with me.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Does neb isio dod allan efo fi .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG no.one want come.INF out with me
Translation: No one wants to come out with me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ond tydi o dal cau .
Glosses: but NEG.be.PRS.3SG he still CAU
Translation: (I’ve asked Aled to phone them already.) But he still won’t.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dydi Aled ddim yn dawnsio .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG Aled NEG PROG dance.INF
Translation: Aled isn’t dancing.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: (Mi) naeth Aled ddawnsio .
Glosses: PRT do.PST.3SG Aled dance.INF
Translation: Aled danced.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae Aled (yn) cau dawnsio .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG Aled PROG refuse.INF dance.INF
Translation: Aled is refusing to dance.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Mae neb (yn) cau dawnsio .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG n-one PROG CAU dance.INF
Translation: (‘No one will dance.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae/Dydi o ’n methu dawnsio .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG/NEG.be.PRS.3SG he PROG be.unable.INF dance.INF
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mae/Dydi hi heb fynd eto .
Glosses: be.PRS.3SG/NEG.be.PRS.3SG he NEG.PRF go.INF yet
Translation: She hasn’t gone yet.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: %Doedd Mari ddim yn chwarae heddiw ond roedd Ifan yn .
Glosses: NEG.be.IMPF.3SG Mari NEG PROG play.INF today but be.IMPF.3SG Ifan PROG
Translation: Mari wasn’t playing today but Ifan was.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: %Dydi Mari ddim wedi dod heddiw ond mae Ifan wedi .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG Mari NEG PRF come.INF today but be.PRS.3SG Ifan PRF
Translation: Mari hasn’t come today, but Ifan has.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: %Dydi Mari ddim yn hwyr ond mae Ifan yn .
Glosses: NEG.be.PRS.3SG Mari NEG PRED late but be.PRS.3SG Ifan PRED
Translation: Mari isn’t late but Ifan is.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: X-at-in-tz’ët .
Glosses: CP-A2S-A1S-see
Translation: I saw you.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: X-i-tz’et .
Glosses: CP-A1S-see.PAS
Translation: I was seen.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: X-Ø-käm .
Glosses: CP-A3S-die
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: X-Ø-ki-kam-isaj .
Glosses: CP-A3S-E3P-die-CAUS
Translation: They killed him.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: nu-b’aq
Glosses: E1S-bone
Translation: My bone
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: nu-b’aq-il
Glosses: E1S-bone-ABST
Translation: My very bones
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: ri nim-äq che’
Glosses: the big-PL tree
Translation: the big trees
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: X-Ø-nim-ïr .
Glosses: CP-a3s-big-INCH
Translation: It got big.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: At ch’eq-ël .
Glosses: A2S wet-P.STAT
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: X-a-ch’eq-e’.
Glosses: CP-A2S-wet-P.ITV
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: ri ch’eq-ech’-äq ak’wal-a’
Glosses: the wet-P.ADJ-PL child-PL
Translation: the very wet children
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: X-e’-ru-ch’eq-eb’a ri ak’wal-a’.
Glosses: CP-A3P-E2S-wet-P.TV the child-PL
Translation: You got the children wet.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: *At ch’eq .
Glosses: A2S wet
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: *X-a-ch’eq .
Glosses: CP-A2S-wet
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: *ri ch’eq-äq ak’wal-a’
Glosses: the wet-PL child-PL
Translation: the very wet children
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: At nïm .
Glosses: A2S big
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: X-a-nüm .
Glosses: CP-A2S-get.hungry
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: ri nim-äq ak’wal-a’
Glosses: the big-PL child-PL
Translation: the big children
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ri a Xwan (más) nïm ch-u-wäch xta Mariy .
Glosses: the CLF Juan (more) big PREP-E3S-face CLF Maria
Translation: Juan is bigger than Maria.’ lit. ‘Juan is big(ger) in front of Maria
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ri käq jot-öl r-ajil ch-u-wäch ri xar .
Glosses: the red elevated-P.STAT E3s-price P-E3s-face the blue
Translation: The red is more expensive than the blue.’ lit. ‘The red one’s price is higher than the blue one’s.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: La xat’at’ la’ kot-öl ch-u-wäch ri jun chïk .
Glosses: that staff there bent-P.STAT P-E3s-face the one other
Translation: That forked staff there is more bent than the other one.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ru-chi ri jay jaq-äl ch-u-wäch ru-chi ri ch’ich’.
Glosses: E3S-door the house open-P.STAT PREP-E3S-face E3S-door the car
Translation: The door to the house is more open than the door to the car.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ri ala’ ch’eq-ël ch-u-wäch ri xtän .
Glosses: the boy wet-P.STAT PREP-E3S-face the girl
Translation: The boy is more wet than the girl.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ri pa’s pach’-äl ch-u-wäch ri po’t .
Glosses: the belt rip-P.STAT PREP-E3S-face the blouse
Translation: The belt is more ripped than the blouse.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ø b’uy-ül .
Glosses: A3s soft-P.STAT
Translation: It’s soft.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ø b’uy-üb’-ïk .
Glosses: A3s soft-P.ADJ-SG
Translation: It’s very soft.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ø chuk’-ül .
Glosses: A3s stiff-P.STAT
Translation: It’s stiff.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ø chuk’-üch-ïk .
Glosses: A3s soft-P.ADJ-SG
Translation: It’s very stiff.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ø jech’-ël .
Glosses: A3s twisted-P.STAT
Translation: It’s twisted.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ø jech’-ëj-ïk .
Glosses: A3s twist-P.ADJ-SG
Translation: It’s very twisted.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ø b’uy-ül , po man Ø b’uy-üb’-ïk ta .
Glosses: A3S soft-P.STAT, but NEG A3s soft-P.ADJ-SG IRR
Translation: It’s soft, but it’s not very soft.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: #Ø b’uy-üb’-ïk , po man Ø b’uy-ül ta .
Glosses: A3s soft-P.ADJ-SG, but NEG A3s soft-P.STAT IRR
Translation: It’s very soft, but it’s not soft.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ø jech’-ël , po man Ø jech’-ej-ïk ta .
Glosses: A3s twist-P.STAT, but NEG A3s twist-P.ADJ-SG IRR
Translation: It’s twisted, but it’s not extremely twisted.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: #Ø jech-ej-ïk , po man Ø jech’-ël ta .
Glosses: A3s soft-P.ADJ-SG, but NEG A3s soft-P.STAT IRR
Translation: It’s extremely twisted, but it’s not twisted.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Man Ø jor-öl ta , po man Ø ti’oj ta chuqa’.
Glosses: NEG A3S skinny-P.STAT IRR, but NEG A3S fat IRR also
Translation: He’s not skinny, but he’s not fat either.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Man Ø kich-ïl ta , po man Ø nuk’-ül ta chuqa’.
Glosses: NEG A3S messy-P.STAT IRR, but NEG A3S tidy-P.STAT IRR also
Translation: It’s not messy, but it’s not tidy either.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: #Man Ø ch’eq-ël ta w-aq’a’, po k’o b’a ya’ ch-r-ij .
Glosses: NEG A3S wet-P.STAT IRR E1S-hand, but exist little water PREP-E3S-back
Translation: My hands are not wet, but they got a little water on them.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: #Man Ø ch’em-ël ta , po jub’a x-Ø-pax el ru-chi’.
Glosses: NEG A3S chip-P.STAT IRR, po little CP-A3S-break DIR E3S-mouth
Translation: It isn’t chipped, but its edge cracked a bit and fell off.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: #Jam-äl la chachäch la’, po t-Ø-a-chap-a’ el jun aw-ik’oy .
Glosses: empty-P.STAT that basket there, but IMP-A3S-E2S-handle-SS DIR a E2S-güicoy
Translation: That basket there is empty, but grab yourself a Güicoy.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: #Titz-ïl ri costal ch-u-pan , po t-Ø-a-ya’ más ch-u-pan .
Glosses: empty-P.STAT the bag PREP-E3S-inside, but IMP-A3S-E2S-give more PREP-E3S-inside
Translation: The bag is full of beans, but put more in.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ri ak’wäl mas qeb’-äl chi-ki-waäch r-ach’alal .
Glosses: the child more seated(fat)-P.STAT PREP-e3p-front E3S-brother
Translation: The boy is fatter (seated) than his brothers.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ø Jot-öl r-ajil .
Glosses: A3S elevated-P.STAT E3S-price
Translation: That’s expensive.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: #Ø Jot-öl r-ajil .
Glosses: A3S elevated-P.STAT E3S-price
Translation: That’s expensive.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Yalan Ø jot-öl r-ajil .
Glosses: very A3S elevated-P.STAT E3S-price
Translation: It’s very expensive.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Yalan Ø tew .
Glosses: very A3S cold
Translation: It’s very cold.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Jub’a Ø jot-öl r-ajil .
Glosses: little A3S elevated-P.STAT E3S-price
Translation: It’s a little expensive.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Jub’a Ø tew .
Glosses: little A3S cold
Translation: It’s a little cold.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ri käq (mas) jot-öl r-ajil ch-u-wäch ri xar .
Glosses: the red (mas) elevated-P.STAT E3S-price P-E3S-face the blue
Translation: The red is more expensive than the blue.’ lit. ‘The red one’s price is higher than the blue one’s.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ri jun ala’ (mas) nïm r-aqan ch-u-wäch ri jun chïk .
Glosses: the one boy (mas) big E3S-leg P-E3S-face the one other
Translation: The one boy is taller than the other.’ lit. ‘The one boy’s leg is bigger than the other one’s.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ø A3S
Glosses: white säq . 
Translation: It’s white.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ø jot-öl .
Glosses: A3S high-P.STAT
Translation: It’s high.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: *Ø jot r-ajil .
Glosses: A3S high E3S-price
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Yalan Ø ch’eq-ël .
Glosses: very A3S wet-P.STAT
Translation: It’s very wet.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Jub’a Ø k’äy .
Glosses: little A3S bitter
Translation: It’s a little bitter.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ju-jaj jot-öl nu-ch’akät chi kaj .
Glosses: one-arm.length elevated-P.STAT E1S-chair P heaven
Translation: My chair is one arm-length tall in height.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: In (mas) ch’eq-ech-ïk ch-u-wäch rija’.
Glosses: A1S (mas) wet-P.ADJ-SG P-E3S-face PRO.3S
Translation: I’m more soaked than him.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ø ch’eq-ech-ïk .
Glosses: A3S wet-P.ADJ-SG
Translation: It’s very wet.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Ø jam-aj-ïk
Glosses: A3s empty-P.ADJ-SG
Translation: READING SOUGHT: ‘It’s very empty.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: paj-b’äl
Glosses: measure-INSTR
Translation: measuring instrument
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: war-b’äl
Glosses: sleep-INSTR
Translation: sleeping place
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #tzay-b’äl
Glosses: salty-INSTR
Translation: READING SOUGHT: ‘salt shaker’/‘salty place
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #wuj-b’äl
Glosses: book-INSTR
Translation: READING SOUGHT: ‘book store
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: weq-b’äl
Glosses: adorned-INSTR
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: tzuy-b’äl
Glosses: seated-INSTR
Translation: seat
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: qaj-en
Glosses: lower-NOM
Translation: lowering
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: war-en
Glosses: sleep-NOM
Translation: sleeping
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: jot-ol-en
Glosses: high-P.STAT-NOM
Translation: height
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: tzuy-ul-en
Glosses: sit-P.STAT-NOM
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #kaq-en
Glosses: red-NOM
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #nim-en
Glosses: big-NOM
Translation: READING SOUGHT: ‘bigness
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Ø Yun-uy-ïk ru-chi ri rij-iläj achin .
Glosses: A3S shut (mouth)-P.ADJ-SG E3S-mouth the old-SUP man
Translation: The old man’s mouth was shut tight.’ SPEAKER COMMENT: His mouth is shut tight and his face all wrinkled.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: *Ju-jaj nu-ch’akät jot-öl chi kaj .
Glosses: one-arm.length E1S-chair elevated-P.STAT P heaven
Translation: My chair is one arm-length tall in height.
Language: Kaqchikel
Transcription: Nu-ch’akät ju-jaj jot-öl chi kaj .
Glosses: E1S-chair one-arm.length elevated-P.STAT P heaven
Translation: My chair is one arm-length tall in height.
Language: Czech
Transcription: Vy jste byl-a dobr-á / *byl-y dobr-é .
Glosses: you AUX.2.PL been-F.SG good-F.SG / been-F.PL good-F.PL
Translation: You (female addressee) were good.
Language: Czech
Transcription: Vy jste byl-a učitelk-a / *byl-y učitelk-y .
Glosses: you AUX.2.PL been-F.SG teacher-F.SG / been-F.PL teacher-F.PL
Translation: You (female addressee) were a teacher.
Language: Ukrainian
Transcription: Vy kupyl-y / *kupyl-a avto .6
Glosses: you buy.PRT-PL / buy.PRT-F.SG car
Translation: You (female addressee) bought a car.
Language: Ukrainian
Transcription: Vy (je) ǧarn-a .
Glosses: you (aux.PRES) beautiful-F.SG.NOM
Translation: You (female addressee) are beautiful.
Language: Bulgarian
Transcription: Vie ste bil-i (standard) / bil-a (possible) umoren-a .
Glosses: you AUX.2.PL been-PL  / been-F.SG  tired-F.SG
Translation: You (female addressee) were tired.
Language: Macedonian
Transcription: Vie ste bil-e pametn-a / pametn-i !
Glosses: you AUX.2.PL been-PL smart-F.SG / smart-PL
Translation: Oh, you (female addressee) are smart!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Vi ste bil-i pospan-i .
Glosses: you AUX.2.PL been-M.PL sleepy-M.PL
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #Vi ste bil-a pospan-a .
Glosses: you AUX.2.PL been-F.SG sleepy-F.SG
Translation: You (female addressee) were sleepy.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ja sam umorna .
Glosses: 1.SG be.1.SG tired.F.SG
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ti si umoran .
Glosses: 2.SG be.2.SG tired.M.SG
Translation: You (male referent) are tired.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mi smo umorne .
Glosses: 1.PL be.1.PL tired.F.PL
Translation: We (female referents) are tired.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Vi ste umorne .
Glosses: 2.PL be.2.PL tired.F.PL
Translation: You (female referents) are tired.
Language: Bulgarian
Transcription: Vie ste bil-i umoren-a .
Glosses: you AUX.2.PL been-PL tired-F.SG
Translation: You (female addressee) were tired.