lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Walman
Transcription: Kum apum y-o sopuer .
Glosses: 1SG body 3PL-be tired
Translation: I am feeling lethargic.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Runon apum y-o mayay .
Glosses: 3SG.M body 3PL-be shy
Translation: He feels ashamed.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Kon woru chomchom w-a<n>pu .
Glosses: night mosquito many/much 3SG.F-attack<3SG.M>
Translation: At night, many mosquitoes bit him.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Kum m-kawlo-ø woru .
Glosses: 1SG 1SG-count-3SG.F mosquito
Translation: I counted the mosquitoes.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Nyanam nngkal pa l-an l-oruen .
Glosses: child small that 3.DIMIN-be.at 3.DIMIN-cry
Translation: The small child was crying.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Pelen pa<l>ten l-o lapo-l .
Glosses: dog that<DIMIN> 3.DIMIN-be large-DIMIN
Translation: That puppy is large.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Runon n-akrowon chu ni l-alma pa .
Glosses: 3SG.M 3SG.M-think wife REL 3.DIMIN-die there
Translation: He mourned his dear wife who had died there.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Kum m-a<l>wul selenyue .
Glosses: 1SG 1SG-buy<3.DIMIN> axe
Translation: I bought a small axe.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Wuel woyue-l n-arul .
Glosses: pig bad-DIMIN 3SG.M-run.away
Translation: The naughty little male pig ran away.
Language: Walman
Transcription: Wuel woyue-n l-arul .
Glosses: pig bad-MASC 3.DIMIN-run.away
Translation: The naughty little male pig ran away.
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: samlaɣun-kyasom u-pe
Glosses: mid.size:II-girl(II) II-that
Translation: that mid-size boy/girl
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: samlaɣin-kyasom i-pe
Glosses: mid.size:I/II.PL-girls(II) I/II.PL-that
Translation: those mid-size boys/girls
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: samlaɣan-da e-pe
Glosses: mid.size:III-sago(III) III-that
Translation: that mid-size sago palm/those mid-size sago palms
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: samlaɣin-bomi i-pe
Glosses: mid.size:IV-termite.mound(IV) IV-that
Translation: that mid-size termite mound/those mid-size termite mounds
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: ip-enam-n-asak-e
Glosses: ABSC:I/II.PL-RECP-1.U-fight-IPFV
Translation: They are fighting.
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: kosi-awe up-Ø-kwaɣita !
Glosses: small-fish(II) ABSC:II-3SG.A-be.swimming.inside
Translation: A little fish is swimming in there!
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: ep-ak-o-laɣ-e !
Glosses: ABSC:I-1.A-3SG.DAT-talk-IPFV
Translation: I am talking to him!
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: no-ɣ-amuk-e
Glosses: 1.A-2SG.U-kill-IPFV
Translation: I'm going to kill you.
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: na-dahetok
Glosses: 3PL.A-return
Translation: They returned.
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: a-naɣam
Glosses: 3SG.A-many.come
Translation: They came.
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: awe ah-laleh !
Glosses: fish(II) IMP-string:3SG.U
Translation: String one fish!
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: awe ah-lalah !
Glosses: fish(II) IMP-string:3PL.U
Translation: String many fish!
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: muy ah-lalig !
Glosses: meat(III) IMP-string.inanimate
Translation: String the piece(s) of meat!
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: saleɣ a-n-asib
Glosses: inflorescence(IV) 3SG.A-1.U-hit
Translation: The coconut inflorescence (fell and) hit me.
Language: Coastal Marind
Transcription: yaba-mesin i-pe t-i-k-at-n-esol-e
Glosses: big-machine(IV) IV-that GIV-IV-PRS-PRSTL-3PL.A-make.noise-IPFV
Translation: The generator is making noise.
Language: Sepik
Transcription: Max wasilaka ri-a
Glosses: M . big 3SG.M-INTEN
Translation: Max is big.
Language: Sepik
Transcription: Lusi kava awu-n u-nda sir-a
Glosses: L . bad fight-OBJ do-HAB 3SG.F-INTEN
Translation: Lusi is a good fighter.
Language: Sepik
Transcription: masiji-n tivi unak si horngo-ku-a
Glosses: hair-OBJ tie so.that.not 3SG.F loosen-FUT-INTEN
Translation: Tie the hair so that it won't loosen.
Language: Sepik
Transcription: Ha-kwe youk se seyr .
Glosses: 1SG.SBJ-TOP paddle 3SG.M.OBJ cut
Translation: I cut the `paddle' tree.
Language: Sepik
Transcription: Ha-kwe youk ke lira .
Glosses: 1SG.SBJ-TOP paddle 3SG.F.OBJ see
Translation: I see the paddle.
Language: Mek
Transcription: alja si ne-ra Zakheus be-k u-lu-m-ok
Glosses: 3SG.GEN name N-TOP Z . M-ABS be-IPFV-PST.3SG
Translation: a man called by name Zacchaeus' (Lk 19:2)
Language: Mek
Transcription: Nadya genong ge-ra heknya do ?
Glosses: 1SG.GEN mother F-TOP who Q
Translation: Who is my mother?' (Mk 12:48)
Language: Mek
Transcription: Na bi-nim-na pik e-ra ugun-da ella u-lu-lum …
Glosses: 1SG go-FUT-PRS.1SG way DEFAULT-TOP 2PL-TOP knowledge be-IPFV-PRS.2PL _
Translation: And you know the way where I am going.' (Jn 14:4)
Language: Mek
Transcription: … nimi nauba a-ra seleb longo-m-ek-a' a-k eib-ok
Glosses: _ men many NNOUN-TOP already assemble-PRF-PST.3PL-NMLZ NNOUN-ABS see[PFV]-PST.3SG
Translation: … he saw the large crowds…' (Mt 6:34; lit. `he saw that many men had assembled')
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: y-atia y-anes
Glosses: 3M-father 3M-old
Translation: His father is old.'/`his old father
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: y-me m-anes
Glosses: 3M-mother 3U-old
Translation: His mother is old.'/`his old mother
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: amah m-api
Glosses: house 3U-big
Translation: The house is big.'/`the big house
Language: Mek
Transcription: alja si ne-ra Zakheus be-k u-lum-ok
Glosses: 3SG.GEN name N-TOP Z . M-ABS be-IPFV-PST.3SG
Translation: a man called by name Zacchaeus' (Lk 19:2)
Language: Oceanic
Transcription: a inu a beera
Glosses: ART.I.SG house ART.I.SG big
Translation: the big house
Language: Oceanic
Transcription: o buaku o hoi
Glosses: ART.II.SG two ART.II.SG basket
Translation: the two baskets
Language: Oceanic
Transcription: a inu a rutaa
Glosses: ART.I house ART.I small
Translation: the small house / the house is small
Language: Oceanic
Transcription: Ép rumai i mètèk .
Glosses: ART.CO1 house 3SG new
Translation: The house is new.
Language: Rotokas
Transcription: riako-va aveke-va peka-e-vo uva rakoru keke-e-vo uva kea-o-e oisio uo-va
Glosses: woman-SG.F stone-SG.F turn.over-3SG.F-IPST and snake look.at-3SG.F-IPST and mistake.for-3SG.F-IPST as eel-SG.F
Translation: The woman turned over to the stone and saw a snake but mistook it for an eel.
Language: Rotokas
Transcription: kaveakapie-vira aveke tovo-i-vo uva kove-o-e
Glosses: insecure-ADV stone place-3PL-IPST and fall-3SG.F-IPST
Translation: They placed the stone insecurely and it fell down.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mu-sankwa
Glosses: CL1-boy
Translation: boy
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tu-sankwa
Glosses: CL12-boy
Translation: small boy
Language: Burmeso
Transcription: Da de koya bek-abo .
Glosses: 1SG 1SG.POSS grandfather good-M.SG
Translation: My grandfather is well.
Language: Burmeso
Transcription: Da mibo j-ihi-maru .
Glosses: 1SG banana V.SG-see-TPST
Translation: I saw a banana.
Language: Burmeso
Transcription: Sunam n-asna-b .
Glosses: axe.SG III.SG-white-M.SG
Translation: (The) axe is white.
Language: North Bougainville
Transcription: Pita vaio ora Kariri ava-si-ei voka-sia
Glosses: P . DL.ANIM and K . go-3DL.M-PRS walk-DEP.SEQ
Translation: Peter and Kariri are going for a walk.
Language: North Bougainville
Transcription: gorupasi isi rutu karuvera isi aio-a-voi
Glosses: strong CL.round very Singapore CL.round eat-1SG-PRS
Translation: I am eating a really strong Singapore fruit.
Language: Ushojo
Transcription: ek phoó asíl-u , se seekel-aá yáa áal-u
Glosses: one boy(M) be.PST-M.SG 3SG.NOM bicycle-LOC going come.PFV-M.SG
Translation: There was a boy, he came riding on a bicycle.' (USH-PearStoryAH:001)
Language: Ushojo
Transcription: ek phuí … seekal-aá yáa mušíin tarapayá áal-i
Glosses: one girl(F) _ bicycle-LOC going to.near in.direction come.PFV-F.SG
Translation: A girl… came in his direction, riding on a bicycle.' (USH-PearStoryAH:012)
Language: Ushojo
Transcription: axeér oóš čóku bíl-i
Glosses: finally wind(F) quiet become.PFV-F.SG
Translation: Finally the wind gave up.' (USH-NorthwindAH:007)
Language: Ushojo
Transcription: maáti šídal bíl-u
Glosses: 1SG.DAT coldness(M) become.PFV-M.SG
Translation: I feel cold [lit. Coldness came to me].' (USH-ValQuestAH:060)
Language: Khowar
Transcription: dúr-a roy asúni
Glosses: house-LOC people(AN) be.PRS.ACT.3.AN.PL
Translation: There are people in the house.' (KHW-PredFA:011)
Language: Khowar
Transcription: kitáb ma dúr-a šéni
Glosses: book(INAN) 1SG.GEN house-LOC be.PRS.ACT.3.INAN.PL
Translation: The books are in my house.' (KHW-PredFA:009)
Language: Dameli
Transcription: i mač mruy thaa
Glosses: PROX.AN man(M) hunter be.PRS.3M.SG
Translation: This man is a hunter.' (DML-ValQuestHM:070)
Language: Dameli
Transcription: poši koki thui
Glosses: cat(F) asleep be.PRS.3F.SG
Translation: The cat is asleep.' (DML-ErgSurvHM:013)
Language: Dameli
Transcription: bum šukisan daru
Glosses: ground dry be.PRS.3SG.INAN
Translation: The ground is dry.' (DML-ValQuestHM:068)
Language: Kashmiri
Transcription: n'uul kooṭh
Glosses: blue.M.SG coat(M)
Translation: a blue coat
Language: Kashmiri
Transcription: niil kooṭh
Glosses: blue.M.PL coat(M)
Translation: blue coats
Language: Kashmiri
Transcription: niiǰ kəmiiz
Glosses: blue.F shirt(F)
Language: Kashmiri
Transcription: niiǰ-i kəmiiz-ɨ
Glosses: blue.F-PL shirt(F)-PL
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ro baál-se khiṛkí phuṭ-eéɡ-u
Glosses: REM.M.SG boy(M)-ERG window(F) break-PFV-3M.SG
Translation: The boy broke the window.' (SCL-ValQuestAH:025)
Language: Palula
Transcription: phoo-á darúṛi phooṭéel-i
Glosses: boy(M)-OBL window(F) break.PFV-F
Translation: The boy broke the window.' (PHL-ValQuestNH:025)
Language: Palula
Transcription: asíi iskuúl bi asaám the bíiḍ-i dhúura hín-i
Glosses: 1PL.GEN school(F) also 1PL.ACC to much-F distant be.PRS-F
Translation: Our school is also very far away for us.' (PHL-OUR:016)
Language: Indus Kohistani
Transcription: zã̀ĩ bakàr
Glosses: 1PL.POSS.F goat(F)
Translation: our goat
Language: Indus Kohistani
Transcription: zã̀ã baá
Glosses: 1PL.POSS.M house(M)
Translation: our house
Language: Gawri
Transcription: raan poo
Glosses: good.M.SG boy
Translation: good boy
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: rään lukuṭor
Glosses: good.M.PL boy.PL
Translation: good boys/children
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: reen bire
Glosses: good.F girl
Translation: good girl
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: reen likiṭeer
Glosses: good.F girl.PL
Translation: good girls
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: poo bäč-an-t
Glosses: boy go-IPFV.M.SG-PRS
Translation: The boy is going.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: lukuṭor bäč-än-t
Glosses: boy.PL go-IPFV.M.PL-PRS
Translation: The boys are going.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: bire bäč-en-t
Glosses: girl go-IPFV.F-PRS
Translation: The girl is going.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: likiṭeer bäč-en-t
Glosses: girl.PL go-IPFV.F-PRS
Translation: The girls are going.
Language: Bateri
Transcription: yak muuṣ as-uu
Glosses: one man(M) be.PST-M.SG
Translation: There was a man.' (BTV-PearStoryMB:001)
Language: Bateri
Transcription: muuṣ ḍaaṇ sand-id
Glosses: man(M) stick make-PST
Translation: The man made a stick.' (BTV-ValQuestMB:085)
Language: Gawar-Bati
Transcription: woi ṭekura-an-i awaaz then-i
Glosses: PROX.SG boy(M)-POSS-F voice(F) be.PRS-3F.SG
Translation: This is a boy's voice.' (GWT-NPhonNU:071-4)
Language: Gawar-Bati
Transcription: ṭekuri-e kitaab-an-a faṭaa daal-us
Glosses: girl-ERG book(M)-POSS-M leaf(M) tear-PST.3SG
Translation: The girl tore the page from the book (lit. the book's leaf).' (GWT-ValQuestAS:032)
Language: Gawar-Bati
Transcription: pol-i ṭekuri hans-ui
Glosses: small-F girl(F) laugh-PRS.3F.SG
Translation: The little girl laughed.' (GWT-ValQuestAS:057)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: pari-y kelaa kaṭ-ee=šeer-a ne-l-aw-aa-e aas
Glosses: Pari(F)-OBL boy(M) cot-OBL=head-LOC sit-TRZ-STV.PTC-M-POSS.3SG be.AN.M.PRS.3
Translation: Pari has seated the boy on the cot.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: miy maada-y doa be ka-w-aa-e š-i
Glosses: DEM.SG.OBL woman(F)-OBL prayer(M) too do-STV.PTC-M-POSS.3SG be.INAN.PRS-3
Translation: This woman has made a prayer.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mam pelek meez-ee=šeer-a ǰe-w-i-m š-i
Glosses: I cup(F) table(F)-OBL=on-LOC place-STV.PTC-F-POSS.1SG be.INAN.PRS-3
Translation: I have placed the cup on the table.
Language: Chitral Kalasha
Transcription: ɡheri tya-y a-aw=e , tasa ek bab-as ɡuɫin-a tya-y š-iu .
Glosses: again hit-PFV.PTC AUX.AN.ACT-3SG=when 3SG.REM.OBL a sister-OBL.SG lap-LOC hit-PFV.PTC AUX.INAN-PRS/FUT.3SG
Translation: When he hit [the ball] again, it was hit into her sister's lap.
Language: Kohistani Shina
Transcription: séso asóṛ ṭíki d-eéɡ-i .
Glosses: 3F.SG.ERG.PFV 1PL.DAT bread give-PFV-3F.SG
Translation: She gave us food.
Language: Kohistani Shina
Transcription: sési ráaty-oo kom th-áa-o .
Glosses: 3M.SG.ERG.PFV night-ABL work do-PFV-3M.SG
Translation: He worked all night.
Language: Kohistani Shina
Transcription: ses dõṍc̣hi áɡo c̣ic̣-eé táam th-úu .
Glosses: 3SG.ERG.IPFV tomorrow headshawl embroider-CV complete do-FUT.3F.SG
Translation: She will finish embroidering the headshawl tomorrow.
Language: Kohistani Shina
Transcription: sa ruleé b-eé boǰ-áa-n-i .
Glosses: 3SG.NOM disguise be-CV go-IPFV-AUX.PRS-3F.SG
Translation: She goes (there) disguised.
Language: Gawri
Transcription: ääs sä äsẽẽ duu isaal yeeš .
Glosses: 3SG.OBL.VIS.AN with 3SG.VIS.POSS.F two women come.PFV.F.PST
Translation: Both his wives had also come with him.
Language: Gawri
Transcription: abdul häq-ẽẽ än mäy ɣärääz nããt
Glosses: Abdul Haq-POSS.F 3SG.OBL.VIS.INAN in interest is.not
Translation: For Abdul Haq, there is no interest in it.
Language: Khowar
Transcription: awá ho mar-ít-am
Glosses: 1SG.NOM 3SG.DIST.OBL kill-PST.ACT-1SG
Language: Khowar
Transcription: tu ho paš-ís-an-a
Glosses: 2SG.NOM 3SG.DIST.OBL see-2SG-PRS/FUT.SPC-Q
Translation: Can you see that? [the speaker pointing to an object a few feet away]' (PronDemAA:018)
Language: Burushaski
Transcription: hilés-e dasín-mo r toofá-muts píiš ó-t-imi
Glosses: boy-ERG girl-OBL.F to gift(X)-PL.ABS present 3PL.X-do-3SG.HM.PST
Translation: The boy presented gifts to the girl.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: jaˤbu
Glosses: horse
Translation: horse
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: jaˤb-ne
Glosses: horse-PL
Translation: horses
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: taˤj
Glosses: foal
Translation: foal
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: tuˤj-re
Glosses: foal-PL
Translation: foals
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: č'aˤʡaˤ
Glosses: cane
Translation: cane
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: č'uʡaˤ
Glosses: straw
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: uʡaˤ
Glosses: cheese
Translation: cheese
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʜuˤli
Glosses: fat
Translation: fat
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʜaˤl-me
Glosses: fat-PL
Translation: fats
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: usaʔʷ-as
Glosses: M.sleep:PFV-INF
Translation: sleep
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: k-ib
Glosses: bring.to:PFV-AOR
Translation: s/he brought something to somebody
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ib
Glosses: say:PFV.AOR
Translation: s/he said
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: g-ub
Glosses: see:PFV-AOR
Translation: s/he saw
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: g-ib
Glosses: give:PFV-AOR
Translation: s/he gave
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: χ-ib
Glosses: bring:PFV-AOR
Translation: s/he brought
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: uq'láha
Glosses: window
Translation: window
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: uq'láha-li-če-r
Glosses: window-OBL-SUPER-F[ESS]
Translation: on the window
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-ak'-íb
Glosses: M-come:PFV-AOR
Translation: he came'-5pt
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-ak'-íša
Glosses: M-come:PFV-FUT.EGO
Translation: I (male) will come'-5pt
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-ak'-ás
Glosses: M-come:PFV-FUT
Translation: he will come
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: bek'á
Glosses: hill
Translation: hill
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-ék'-a
Glosses: HPL-choose:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: choose (them)!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: dužé
Glosses: night
Translation: night
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-úž-e
Glosses: NPL-drink:IPFV-IMP
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: béč'
Glosses: head
Translation: head
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: beč'-lá
Glosses: head-GEN
Translation: (e.g. part) of a head
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: buč'-ré
Glosses: head-PL
Translation: heads
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: g-úb
Glosses: see:PFV-AOR
Translation: (s)he saw
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: gʷ-išá
Glosses: see:PFV-FUT.EGO
Translation: I will see
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: gʷ-és
Glosses: see:PFV-FUT
Translation: he will see
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-ik-íb
Glosses: N-become:PFV-AOR
Translation: he became
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħa-b-ík-ib
Glosses: NEG-N-become:PFV-AOR
Translation: he didn't become
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ar-b-ík-ib
Glosses: PV-N-fall:PFV-AOR
Translation: he fell
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ar-ħa-b-ík-ib
Glosses: PV-NEG-N-fall:PFV-AOR
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: adáj
Glosses: father
Translation: father
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ádaj
Glosses: father[VOC]
Translation: fatherǃ
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: urší
Glosses: brother
Translation: brother
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: úrši
Glosses: brother[VOC]
Translation: brotherǃ
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: lúč'-ab
Glosses: read:IPFV-OPT
Translation: if only he would read
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: úrc-ab
Glosses: fly:IPFV-OPT
Translation: if only he would fly
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: árc-e
Glosses: fly:PFV-IMP
Translation: fly!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: arc-é-na
Glosses: fly:PFV-IMP-IMP.PL
Translation: fly! (to a group of people)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: mu-luč-adi
Glosses: NEGVOL-read:IPFV-PROH
Translation: don't read
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: mi-d-ic'-adi
Glosses: NEGVOL-NPL-thaw:IPFV-PROH
Translation: don't thaw it
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: mi-d-ilc-adi
Glosses: NEGVOL-NPL-sell:IPFV-PROH
Translation: don't sell them (non-humans)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: m-ib-adi
Glosses: NEGVOL-sew:IPFV-OPT
Translation: don't sew
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ar-b-uχ-ib
Glosses: away-N-bring:PFV-AOR
Translation: took it away
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-irʔ-an
Glosses: NPL-gather:IPFV-HAB
Translation: gathers them
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħa-d-irʔ-an
Glosses: NEG-NPL-gather:IPFV-HAB
Translation: does not gather them
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʜaˤ-d-irʡ-aˤn
Glosses: NEG-NPL-freeze:IPFV-HAB
Translation: they are not freezing
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: č'uˤʡ-ne
Glosses: straw:PL-PL
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: čiqʷaˤ
Glosses: bird
Translation: bird
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: čiˤqʷ-ne
Glosses: bird:PL-PL
Translation: birds
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʡali w-ak'-ib .
Glosses: Ali(NOM) M-come:PFV-AOR
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: adaj-ni mašinka-li-ni muc'ur b-erč-ur .
Glosses: father-ERG hair.cutter-OBL-ERG beard(NOM) N-cut.hair:PFV-AOR
Translation: The father cut his beard with clippers.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: baba nab inc'ul uk-es ħa-d-ig-an .
Glosses: granny I.DAT more M.eat:PFV-INF NEG-NPL-want:IPFV-HAB
Translation: Granny, I don't want to eat any more.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: χʷe-li-če-la ažda b-uh-ub .
Glosses: dog-OBL-SUPER-EL crocodile N-become:PFV-AOR
Translation: The dog has become a crocodile.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: k'ʷi-jal saʡaˤt-li-ni rasul ħule w-ilz-uwe le-w-re ši-la surt-me-če .
Glosses: two-CARD hour-OBL-ERG Rasul(NOM) look M-LV:IPFV-CVB.IPFV be-M-PST village-GEN picture-PL-SUPER(LAT)
Translation: Rasul has been looking at the photos of (his) village for two hours.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasuj-ni ar-d-uk-ib muħammad-la kʷihme .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG away-NPL-lead:PFV-AOR Muhammad-GEN sheep.PL
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: nuša-la le-b ʁarʁ-u-be-la qali .
Glosses: we-GEN be-N stone-PL.STEM-PL-GEN house
Translation: We have a stone house.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: muħammad-la kʷihme .
Glosses: Muhammad-GEN sheep.PL
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: musa-la le-b qali .
Glosses: Musa-GEN be-N house
Translation: Musa has a house.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasuj-ze-b di-la dis le-b .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-INTER-N(ESS) I.OBL-GEN knife be-N
Translation: Rasul has got my knife', `My knife is with Rasul.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: *rasuj-ze-b dis .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-INTER-N(ESS) knife
Translation: (someone else's) knife that Rasul has got.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: abaj-ni gi-b sadaq'ači-li-s t'ult'.
Glosses: mother-ERG give:PFV-AOR pauper-OBL-DAT bread
Translation: Mother gave bread to a pauper.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: har duže rasuj-ni dursi-li-s χabar-t luč'-ib .
Glosses: every night Rasul.OBL-ERG girl-OBL-DAT story-PL read:IPFV-IPFT
Translation: Every night Rasul read stories to his daughter.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: nuša-jni qali b-aq'-ib-i rasuj-s .
Glosses: we-ERG house N-do:PFV-AOR-ATR Rasul.OBL-DAT
Translation: We built a house for Rasul.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasuj-ni gi-b muħammadi-ze dis .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG give:PFV-AOR Muhammad-INTER(LAT) knife
Translation: Rasul lent a knife to Muhammad.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħu nab eba uh-ub .
Glosses: you.sg I.DAT boring M.become:PFV-AOR
Translation: You bored me.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: jusupi-s d-ig-uwe le-r pat'imat .
Glosses: Jusup-DAT F1-want:IPFV-CVB.IPFV be-F Patimat
Translation: Jusup loves Patimat.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasul urʁes w-ik-ib muħammadi-ču .
Glosses: Rasul fight:IPFV-INF M-LV:PFV-AOR Muhammad-COMIT
Translation: Rasul fought with Muhammad.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasuj-ni ulq'uli rasdisi-ču b-elk-un .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG plank saw-COMIT N-cut:PFV-AOR
Translation: Rasul sawed the plank with a saw.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasuj-ni ħi šin-ču d-urʔun d-aq'-ib .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG blood water-COMIT NPL-clean N-do:PFV-AOR
Translation: Rasul washed the blood off with water.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ?se-li-čible ħu tusnaq' w-aq'-ib-i ?
Glosses: what-OBL-CAUSAL you.sg arrest M-do:PFV-AOR-ATR
Translation: Why did you get arrested?
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ?di-la χuligan-deši-čible nu tusnaq' w-aq'-ib .
Glosses: I.OBL-GEN hooligan-NMLZ-CAUSAL I arrest M-do:PFV-AOR
Translation: I got arrested because of my hooliganism.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: nu adaj-čemadal tukaj-ħe w-aˤq'-un-na
Glosses: I father-SUBST shop.OBL-IN(LAT) M-go:PFV-AOR-EGO
Translation: I went to the shop instead of father
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: dilaj-sum b-aq'-a
Glosses: I.OBL-REPL N-do:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Do as I do
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ustuj-če-b ʁadara le-b .
Glosses: table.OBL-SUPER-N(ESS) plate be-N
Translation: A plate is on the table.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: surat aqi-le le-b baˤʜi-ze-b / *baˤʜi-če-b .
Glosses: picture up-ADVZ be-N wall-INTER-N(ESS) / *wall-SUPER-N(ESS)
Translation: A picture is hanging on the wall.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: iχija b-arš-ib-i t'uleka le-b t'uj-če-b / *t'uj-ze-b .
Glosses: this.GEN N-become.beautiful:PFV-AOR-ATR ring be-N finger.OBL-SUPER-N(ESS) / finger.OBL-INTER-N(ESS)
Translation: She has a beautiful ring on her finger.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʡali-ni mažar baˤʜi-če b-ix-ib .
Glosses: Ali-ERG rifle wall-SUPER(LAT) N-put:PFV-AOR
Translation: Ali put the rifle against the wall.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: nu baˤʜi-če-la ʡaˤq ʡaˤr-aˤq'-un-na .
Glosses: I wall-SUPER-EL far away-M.go:PFV-AOR-EGO
Translation: I stepped away from the wall.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasul quwati le-w muħammadi-če-w .
Glosses: Rasul strong be-M Muhammad-SUPER-M(ESS)
Translation: Rasul is stronger than Muhammad.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasul laχu uk'-uwe le-w muħammadi-če .
Glosses: Rasul scream M.LV:IPFV-CVB.IPFV be-M Muhammad-SUPER(LAT)
Translation: Rasul is shouting at Muhammad.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasul w-aˤld-un muħammadi-če-la .
Glosses: Rasul M-hide:PFV-AOR Muhammad-SUPER-EL
Translation: Rasul hid from Muhammad.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: k'ʷi-jal saʡaˤti-če rasuj-ni kung b-elč-un .
Glosses: two-CARD hour-SUPER(LAT) Rasul.OBL-ERG book N-read:PFV-AOR
Translation: Rasul read the book in two hours.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħarši k'unk'ur-le-ħe-r le-r .
Glosses: soup pot-OBL-IN-NPL(ESS) be-NPL
Translation: The soup is in the pot.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħarši k'unk'ur-le-r le-r .
Glosses: soup pot-OBL.IN-NPL(ESS) be-NPL
Translation: The soup is in the pot.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: k'as ħark'ʷi-ze-b le-b .
Glosses: fish river-INTER-N(ESS) be-N
Translation: The fish is in the river.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: surat aqi-le le-b baˤʜi-ze-b .
Glosses: picture up-ADVZ be-N wall-INTER-N(ESS)
Translation: A picture is hanging on the wall.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: di-ze-la / *di-ze-b-adala mašina b-oˤrʡ-oˤb .
Glosses: I.OBL-INTER-EL / *I.OBL-INTER-N-EL car N-break:PFV-AOR
Translation: I accidentally broke the car.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasuj-ze-la aq b-aq'-as b-uh-es ʁarʁa .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-INTER-EL up N-do:PFV-INF N-become:PFV-FUT stone
Translation: Rasul will be able to lift the stone.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasuj-ni si-k'al ħa-ib muħammadi-ze .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG what-PTCL NEG-say:PFV.AOR Muhammad-INTER(LAT)
Translation: Rasul said nothing to Muhammad
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: nuša ustuj-šu-b ka-b-iʔ-i-ra .
Glosses: we table.OBL-AD-HPL(ESS) PV-HPL-sit:PFV-AOR-EGO
Translation: We are sitting near the table.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: nu w-aˤq'-un-na aħmadi-šu .
Glosses: I M-go:PFV-AOR-EGO Ahmad-AD(LAT)
Translation: I visited Ahmad.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: nuša ustuj-ʡeˤ-b ka-b-iʔ-i-ra .
Glosses: we table.OBL-APUD-HPL(ESS) PV-HPL-sit:PFV-AOR-EGO
Translation: We are sitting at the table.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: lut'i-le-ʡeˤ-b
Glosses: bottom-OBL-APUD-N(ESS)
Translation: on the bottom' (of a pond etc.)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: rasuj-ni bars b-aq'-ib q'ʷaˤl šu-wal kʷiha-le-ʡeˤ-b .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG exchange N-do:PFV-AOR cow five-CARD sheep-OBL-APUD-N(ESS)
Translation: Rasul exchanged the cow for five sheep.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: škaf unza-le-ʡeˤ-di b-aˤq'-un .
Glosses: wardrobe door-OBL-APUD-TRANS N-go:PFV-AOR
Translation: The wardrobe went through the door.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: škaf unza-le-ħe-di b-aˤq'-un .
Glosses: wardrobe door-OBL-IN-TRANS N-go:PFV-AOR
Translation: The wardrobe went through the door.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: har-ħa-d-uq-un .
Glosses: PV-NEG-F1-flee:PFV-AOR
Translation: She did not run away.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: luč'-uwe le-w .
Glosses: read:IPFV-CVB.IPFV AUX-M
Translation: He is reading.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: luč'-uwe agʷara .
Glosses: read:IPFV-CVB.IPFV AUX:NEG
Translation: He is not reading.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-iz~mi-d-iz-ad (also mi-d-iz-ad)
Glosses: F1-wash:IPFV~NEGVOL-F1-wash:IPFV-PROH (also NEGVOL-F1-wash:IPFV-PROH
Translation: Do not wash her!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-ak'~ħa-k'-ib-i d-ak'~ħa-d-ak'-ib-i
Glosses: M-come:PFV~NEG-M.come:PFV-AOR-ATR F1-come:PFV~NEG-F1-come:PFV-AOR-ATR
Translation: the one who did not come
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: illi-če-la iz-uwe werħ d-aʔ-i-ra k'ʷan ʡaj inc'-ul d-aʔ꞊ra ħa-d-aʔ-i-ra k'ʷan .
Glosses: this-SUPER-EL be.ill:IPFV-CVB.IPFV seven F1-arrive:PFV-AOR-EGO QUOT PTCL more F1-arrive:PFV꞊ADD NEG-F1-arrive:PFV-AOR-EGO QUOT
Translation: From this (day) she fell ill, seven days, she said, it took not more
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: hanna hete b-aʔ-ib-i-jaʁle d-uc-ib nu buʁa muħamma-jni q'uq'u-be-če , d-uc꞊ra d-uc-i-le χal b-aq'-ib .
Glosses: now there(LAT) HPL-arrive:PFV-ATR-CVB.ANTE F1-take:PFV-AOR I Buga Muhammad-ERG knee-PL-SUPER(LAT) F1-take:PFV꞊ADD F1-take:PFV-AOR-CVB seek N-do:PFV-AOR
Translation: When we arrived there, Buga Muhammad took me on his lap; having taken
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: uz-e
Glosses: M.work:IPFV-IMP
Translation: Work!' (to one person)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-uz-e-na
Glosses: HPL-work:IPFV-IMP-IMP.PL
Translation: Work!' (to many)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: uc-a
Glosses: M.catch:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Catch him!' (to one person)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-uc-a
Glosses: HPL.catch:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Catch them!' (to one person)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: uc-a-na
Glosses: M.catch:PFV-IMP.TR-IMP.PL
Translation: Catch him!' (to many)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-uc-a-na
Glosses: HPL.catch:PFV-IMP.TR-IMP.PL
Translation: Catch them!' (to many)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-aš-aq-u-we le-b-re .
Glosses: HPL-go:IPFV-CAUS-CVB.IPFV AUX-HPL-PST
Translation: He made them go (repeatedly).
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: a-b-iz-aq-ib abzul꞊la χalq'-ane .
Glosses: PV-HPL-stand.up:PFV-CAUS-AOR all꞊ADD people-PL
Translation: (She) woke up everybody.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: hanna uzi-li-ʔini ruzi-li-ze b-ah-aq-ib:
Glosses: now brother-OBL-ERG sister-OBL-INTER(LAT) N-know:PFV-CAUS-AOR:
Translation: Then the brother announced (made it known) to the sister: …
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aq'-ib duboˤʡoˤr-t niʔ-ane , χajagun-t , d-aq'-ib , si-k'al ħa-b-erkʷ-aq-i-le w-aq-ħa-q-ib .
Glosses: NPL-do:PFV-AOR dish-PL milk-PL, fried.egg-PL NPL-do:PFV-AOR what-INDEF NEG-N-eat:PFV-CAUS-AOR-CVB M-let.go:PFV-NEG-M.let.go:PFV-AOR
Translation: (She) prepared meals, milk products, fried eggs (she) made, she did not
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: χ-aχaq-ib
Glosses: bring.?-CAUS-AOR
Translation: caused to bring (it)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ar-uχ-aq-iša .
Glosses: away-M.bring:PFV-CAUS-FUT.EGO
Translation: I will cause you to be brought away (by the river).
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ar-m-iχ-aq-adi
Glosses: away-NEGVOL-M.bring:IPFV-PROH
Translation: Let (the river) not bring me away!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-uˤq'-aq-as
Glosses: HPL-go:PFV-CAUS-INF
Translation: cause (them) to go' (perfective causative infinitive)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-aš-aq-uwe
Glosses: HPL-go:IPFV-CAUS-CVB.IPFV
Translation: making them come again and again' (imperfective causative converb)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-elʁ-aq-aq-ib
Glosses: N-eat.full:PFV-CAUS-CAUS-AOR
Translation: made someone feed (an animal)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-erc'-aq-aq-ib
Glosses: N-fry:PFV-CAUS-CAUS-AOR
Translation: made someone fry (it)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aˤʜʷ-aˤq-aq-ib
Glosses: NPL-get.wet:PFV-CAUS-CAUS-AOR
Translation: made someone get them (feet) wet
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-alk'ʷ-aq-aq-ib
Glosses: N-burn:PFV-CAUS-CAUS-AOR
Translation: made someone get (it) burning
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-arχ-aq-aq-ib
Glosses: N-touch:PFV-caus-caus
Translation: made someone touch (it)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-ac'-aq-aq-ib
Glosses: N-melt-CAUS-CAUS-AOR
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-alħ-aq-aq-ib
Glosses: F1-wake.up:PFV-caus-caus-aor
Translation: woke her up
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aˤrʡ-aq-aq-ib
Glosses: M-freeze:PFV-CAUS-CAUS-AOR
Translation: made him freeze
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aˤbʡ-aq-aq-ib
Glosses: M-kill:PFV-CAUS-CAUS-AOR
Translation: made someone kill him
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: urx-ne q'-aˤb-ib k'ʷan , unza ʡaj-k'-i-le b-ik-ib .
Glosses: key-PL PV-close:PFV-AOR QUOT door lock-LV:PFV-AOR-CVB N-happen:PFV-AOR
Translation: The lock has locked itself, the door closed (=locked).
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: abaj hil-l-ix-i-le r-arg-i-ra , unza꞊ra ʡaj-k'-i-le , hil-l-ix-i-le r-arg-i-ra abaj .
Glosses: mother PV-F-lie.down:PFV-AOR-CVB F-find:PFV-AOR-EGO door꞊ADD lock-LV:PFV-AOR-CVB PV-F-lie.down:PFV-AOR-CVB F-find:PFV-AOR-EGO mother
Translation: I found (my) mother already gone to bed – I discovered that, having
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: it-ini mura d-iχ-ib .
Glosses: this-ERG hay NPL-bring:IPFV-IPFT
Translation: He was bringing hay.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: it mura-li-ni w-iχ-ib .
Glosses: this hay-OBL-ERG M-bring:IPFV-IPFT
Translation: He was bringing hay.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: q'us꞊ra w-iʔ-i-le dursi-la širbit-la dubilhani b-ilh-uwe le-w-re il .
Glosses: be.squatted꞊ADD M-sit:PFV-AOR-CVB daughter-GEN shoe-GEN lace N-tie:IPFV-CVB.IPFV AUX-M-PST this
Translation: He (lit. this one) squatted and was tying (his) daughter’s shoelace.
Language: Chirag
Transcription: nomir꞊ra χal b-aq'-i-ra k'ʷan šula-le le-b-u-g-es .
Glosses: number꞊ADD seek N-do:PFV-AOR-EGO QUOT tight-ADVZ be-N-Q-VERIF-INF
Translation: I touched the number (plate), to see whether was fixed tightly.
Language: Chirag
Transcription: w-eˤʡe , ħule w-iz-e , či-ja le-b-u-gʷ-a .
Glosses: M-go:PFV look M-LV:PFV-IMP who-Q be-N-Q-VERIF-IMP
Translation: Go and look, see who is there.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: niʔ urt'-e !
Glosses: milk pour:IPFV-IMP
Translation: Pour the milk!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħu w-aqnal duc' ulq-e !
Glosses: you.sg(NOM) M-often run M.LV:IPFV-IMP
Translation: Run more often!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: niʔ art'-a !
Glosses: milk pour:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Pour the milk!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: qa-d-iʔ-e heše-r .
Glosses: down-F1-sit:PFV-IMP here-F(ESS)
Translation: Sit down here.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: qali , abx-e !
Glosses: house open:PFV-IMP
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʡali , b-aˤld-a ʁarʁa !
Glosses: Ali N-hide:PFV-IMP.TR stone
Translation: Ali, hide the stone!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʡali , w-aˤld-e ʁarʁa-la ʡa‹w›ad !
Glosses: Ali M-hide:PFV-IMP stone-GEN ‹M›behind
Translation: Ali, hide behind the stone!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʡali , b-erqʷ-a ħawa !
Glosses: Ali, N-tear:PFV-IMP.TR dress
Translation: Ali, tear the dress!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħawa , b-erqʷ-e !
Glosses: dress N-tear:PFV-IMP
Translation: Dress, get torn!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħa-ze arʁ-e !
Glosses: you.sg.OBL-INTER(LAT) understand:PFV-IMP
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħa-ze arʁ-a !
Glosses: you.sg.OBL-INTER(LAT) understand:PFV-IMP.TR
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: gʷ-e bet'-a !
Glosses: see:PFV-IMP say:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Let him see!' (he should make attempts to see)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: gʷ-a bet'-a !
Glosses: see:PFV-IMP.TR say:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Let him see!' (he should make attempts to see)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-ak'-e !
Glosses: M-come:PFV-IMP
Translation: Come to me (addressing a men)!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-ak'-e !
Glosses: F1-come:PFV-IMP
Translation: Come to me (addressing a girl)!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-ak'-e-na !
Glosses: HPL-come:PFV-IMP-IMP.PL
Translation: Come to me (addressing several people)!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-aˤbʡ-a urš-be !
Glosses: HPL-kill:PFV-IMP.TR boy-PL
Translation: Kill these boys (addressing one person)!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aˤbʡ-a-na rasul !
Glosses: M-kill:PFV-IMP.TR-IMP.PL Rasul
Translation: Kill Rasul (addressing several people)!
Language: Southwestern Dargwa
Transcription: nu dub aˤʡ-aq-a !
Glosses: I eat LV-CAUS-IMP.TR
Translation: Feed me!
Language: Southwestern Dargwa
Transcription: ħu učitel uʔ-e !
Glosses: you.sg(NOM) teacher M.be:PFV-IMP
Translation: [You] become a teacher!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ħu-ni deč' b-aq'-a !
Glosses: you.sg-ERG song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: [You] sing the song!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: muħammad , deč' b-aq'-a .
Glosses: Muhammad(NOM) song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Muhammad, sing the song.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: muħammad , učitel uʔ-e !
Glosses: Muhammad(NOM) teacher M.be:PFV-IMP
Translation: Muhammad, become a teacher!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: muħammad-ini deč' b-aq'-a .
Glosses: Muhammad-ERG song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: [Muhammad] sing the song.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: it-ini deč' b-aq'-a .
Glosses: this-ERG song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: [He] sing the song.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: it w-ak'-e .
Glosses: that(NOM) M-come:PFV-IMP
Translation: [He] come.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: muħammad-ini꞊ra deč' b-aq'-a .
Glosses: Muhammad-ERG꞊ADD song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: [Muhammad] sing the song.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: it꞊ra w-ak'-e !
Glosses: that(NOM)꞊ADD M-come:PFV-IMP
Translation: [He] come!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: pat'imat꞊ra d-ak'-e , asijat꞊ra d-ak'-e .
Glosses: Patimat(NOM)꞊ADD F1-come:PFV-IMP Asijat(NOM)꞊ADD F1-come:PFV-IMP
Translation: Patimat come, and Asijat come.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: pat'imat-li deč' b-aq'-a , asijat-li deč' bel'č'-a .
Glosses: Patimat-ERG song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR Asijat-ERG song read:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Patimat sing the song, and Asijat read the rhyme.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: mallarasbadij-ni ib iš-di-li-ze : ca udi-di w-iz-e-na , ca aqu-di w-iz-e-na , urga-w nu w-iz-iša , nu-ni ħuša k'ʷi-jal-la χʷasar b-aq'-iša ca-ca ʁuruši-ze .
Glosses: Molla Nasreddin.OBL-ERG say:PFV.AOR that-PL-OBL-INTER(LAT) one below-TRANS M-stand:IPFV-IMP-IMP.PL one up-TRANS M-stand:IPFV-IMP-IMP.PL between-M I(NOM) M-stand:IPFV-FUT.EGO I-ERG you.pl two-ORD-ADD rescue HPL-do:PFV-FUT.EGO one-one rouble-INTER(LAT)
Translation: Molla Nasreddin told them: one of you stand higher, the other stand
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: deč' b-aq'-a-w !
Glosses: song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR-PTCL
Translation: Sing a song! (addressing women or men)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʜaˤramir-ti-la ʁuša-ne elʔ-a-ca .
Glosses: Haramirt-PL-GEN house-PL count:PFV-IMP.TR-PTCL
Translation: List the families of the Haramirt (clan).' (Text 19. Clans, 1.6)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: abaj , b-uh-es꞊u nu-ni g-es rasuj-s k'amp'it'?
Glosses: mother N-become:PFV-INF꞊Q I-ERG give:PFV-INF Rasul-DAT sweet
Translation: – Mother, can I give a sweet to Rasul?
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-uh-es b-eg-a / ??b-eg-a-w / ??b-eg-a-ca .
Glosses: N-become:PFV-INF N-give:PFV-IMP.TR / N-give:PFV-IMP.TR-PTCL / N-give:PFV-IMP.TR-PTCL
Translation: – You can, give it to him.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: Abaj ag-a / ag-a-ca / ?ag-a-w nab k'amp'it'.
Glosses: Mother give:PFV-IMP.TR / give:PFV-IMP.TR-PTCL / give:PFV-IMP.TR-PTCL I.DAT sweet
Translation: Mother, give me a sweet.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ?Maisarat Magomedovna ag-a-ca di-ze kung .
Glosses: Maisarat Magomedovna give:PFV-IMP.TR-PTCL I.OBL-INTER(LAT) book
Translation: Maisarat Magomedovna, give me the book please.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: pat'imat ħu d-ak'-e-w-ca !
Glosses: Patimat you.sg(NOM) F1-come:PFV-IMP-PTCL-PTCL
Translation: Patimat, [you] come!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-uc-a maza aʔ-a b-uħna .
Glosses: N-catch:PFV-IMP.TR sheep drive:PFV-IMP.TR N-inside(LAT)
Translation: Catch the sheep, let it inside.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: pat'imat kaltuška꞊ra d-urʔun d-aq'-i-le ħarši d-aq'-a !
Glosses: Patimat potato꞊ADD NPL-clean NPL-do:PFV-AOR-CVB soup NPL-do:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Patimat, peel the potato and make the soup!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: k'amp'it'-une as-i-le tukaj-ħe-la ħu-ni꞊jal mu-d-uk-adi .
Glosses: sweet-PL take:PFV-AOR-CVB shop-IN-EL you.sg-ERG꞊EMPH NEGVOL-NPL-eat:IPFV-PROH
Translation: Buy some sweets, (but) don't eat them.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: deč' mi-m-iq'-adi !
Glosses: song NEGVOL-N-do:IPFV-PROH
Translation: Don't sing!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: mu-lug-adi d-uk'-a-k'a-ra , maja g-i-le le-l-le hub-li-s .
Glosses: NEGVOL-give:IPFV-PROH F1-say:IPFV-IRR-COND-ADD Maja give:PFV-AOR-CVB AUX-F-CVB husband-OBL-DAT
Translation: Although she said: `Don't give', they still married Maja off'. (Text 14. Laces, 1.3)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: gurda b-ik'-uwe le-b sinka-li-ze b-is-mi-m-is-adi ħu .
Glosses: fox N-say:IPFV-CVB.IPFV AUX-N bear-OBL-INTER(LAT) N-cry-NEGVOL-N-cry-PROH you.sg(NOM)
Translation: The fox said [to the bear]: “Don't cry”.' (Text M. A bear, a wolf
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: deč' mi-m-iq'-adi-na !
Glosses: song NEGVOL-N-do:IPFV-PROH-IMP.PL
Translation: Don't sing!' (addressing several speakers)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: *deč' mi-m-iq'-ad-na !
Glosses: song NEGVOL-N-do:IPFV-PROH-IMP.PL
Translation: Intended: `Don't sing!' (addressing several speakers)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: pat'imat , deč' mi-m-iq'-adi .
Glosses: Patimat song NEGVOL-M-do:IPFV-PROH
Translation: Patimat, don't sing the song.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: pat'imat-li deč' mi-m-iq'-adi .
Glosses: Patimat-ERG song NEGVOL-M-do:IPFV-PROH
Translation: [Patimat] don't sing the song.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: mi-m-iq'-adi-ca hel deč'!
Glosses: NEGVOL-M-do:IPFV-PROH-PTCL this song
Translation: Don't sing this song!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ma !
Glosses: INTJ
Translation: Take!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ma-na !
Glosses: INTJ-IMP.PL
Translation: Take (addressed to several people)!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ma as-a !
Glosses: INTJ take:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Take!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ma-na as-a-na !
Glosses: INTJ-IMP.PL take:PFV-IMP.TR-IMP.PL
Translation: Take (addressed to several people)!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: hara !
Glosses: INTJ
Translation: Look!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: hara-na !
Glosses: INTJ-IMP.PL
Translation: Look! (addressing several people)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aš-e χal w-aq'-as ħa-la urtaq'.
Glosses: M-go:IPFV-IMP seek M-do:PFV-INF you.sg.OBL-GEN friend
Translation: Let's look together for your friend' (Aspectual test 1, 1.121)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: pat'imat , d-aš-e di-šu !
Glosses: Patimat, F1-go:IPFV-IMP I.OBL-AD(LAT)
Translation: Patimat, come to me!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aš-e tukaj-ħe !
Glosses: F1-go:IPFV-IMP shop-IN(LAT)
Translation: Let's go to the shop!' (addressing a women)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ʡali , w-aš-e di-šu !
Glosses: Ali, M-go:IPFV-IMP I.OBL-AD(LAT)
Translation: Ali, come to me!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aš-e tukaj-ħe !
Glosses: M-go:IPFV-IMP shop-IN(LAT)
Translation: Let's go to the shop!' (addressing a man)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-aš-ina tukaj-ħe !
Glosses: HPL-go:IPFV-IMP.PL shop.OBL-IN(LAT)
Translation: Go to the shop!' / `Let's go to the shop!' (addressing several people)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aš-e uz-es !
Glosses: M-come:IPFV-IMP M.work:IPFV-INF
Translation: Let us work! (addressing a boy)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aš-e d-uz-es !
Glosses: F1-come:IPFV-IMP F1-work:IPFV-INF
Translation: Let us work! (addressing a girl)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aš-e deč' b-aq'-as !
Glosses: F1-come:IPFV-IMP song N-do:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's sing a song! (addressing a girl)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aš-e deč' b-aq'-as !
Glosses: M-come:IPFV-IMP song N-do:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's sing a song! (addressing a boy)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aš-e urši w-it'-es !
Glosses: F1-go:IPFV-IMP boy M-draw:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's draw a boy! (addressing a girl)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aš-e dursi d-it'-es .
Glosses: M-go:IPFV-IMP girl F1-draw:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's draw a girl (addressing a boy)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-aš-ina deč' b-aq'-as .
Glosses: HPL-come:IPFV-IMP.PL song N-do:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's sing a song (addressing several people)!
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aš-e nuša tukaj-ħe b-uˤq'-as .
Glosses: F1-go:IPFV-IMP we shop.OBL-IN(LAT) HPL-go:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's go to the shop (addressing a girl)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-aš-e sinka b-erkʷ-es nuša-jni !
Glosses: N-go:IPFV-IMP bear N-eat:PFV-INF we-ERG
Translation: Let's eat the bear!' (fox addressing wolf) (Text M. A bear, a wolf and
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aš-e deč' ħa-b-aq'-as .
Glosses: F1-come:IPFV-IMP song NEG-N-do:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's not sing a song (addressing a girl)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aš-e urši ħa-jt'-es .
Glosses: F1-go:IPFV-IMP boy NEG-M.draw:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's not draw a boy (addressing a girl)
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: mi-d-ik'-adi deč' b-aq'-as .
Glosses: NEGVOL-F1-come:IPFV-PROH song N-do:PFV-INF
Translation: Don't come to sing a song.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-aš-ina qali꞊ra b-aq'-as , q'ʷaˤl꞊ra as-es .
Glosses: HPL-go:IPFV-IMP.PL house꞊ADD N-do:PFV-INF cow꞊ADD take-INF
Translation: Let's build the house and buy the cow.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: b-aš-ina qali b-aq'-as .
Glosses: HPL-go:IPFV-IMP.PL house N-do:PFV-CVB
Translation: Let's build the house.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: ?qali b-aq'-as b-aš-ina .
Glosses: house N-do:PFV-CVB HPL-go:IPFV-IMP.PL
Translation: Let's build the house.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: w-aš-e-ca heč' xunul ʡaˤχ r-aq'-as .
Glosses: M-go:IPFV-IMP-PTCL that.higher woman good F-do:PFV-INF
Translation: Let's help that women.' (Text 06. Mahmud Omar who was friends with
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: musa uz-e bet'-a .
Glosses: Musa M.work:IPFV-IMP say:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Let Musa work.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: sa‹w›i-jal uˤq'-e bet'-a heʔʷan-i ʁiz-be-ču .
Glosses: ‹1›self-EMPH M.go:PFV-IMP say:PFV-IMP.TR similar-ATR hair-PL-COMIT
Translation: With this kind of hair, let him drive on his own.' (Aspectual test 1,
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: d-aq-a , niʔ d-ert-e / d-ert-a bet'-a .
Glosses: NPL-let:PFV-IMP.TR milk NPL-spoil:PFV-IMP / NPL-spoil:PFV-IMP.TR say:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Leave it, let the milk spoil.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: urš-be-jni deč' b-aq'-a bet'-a .
Glosses: boy-PL-ERG song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR say:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Let the boys sing a song (addressing one person).
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: urš-be-jni deč' b-aq'-a bet'-a-na .
Glosses: boy-PL-ERG song N-do:PFV-IMP say:PFV-IMP.TR-IMP.PL
Translation: Let the boys sing a song (addressing several people).
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: muħammad-ini deč' b-aq'-a bet'-a .
Glosses: Muhammad-ERG song N-do:PFV-IMP.TR say:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Let Muhammad sing a song.
Language: North-Central Dargwa
Transcription: musa-ze uz-e bet'a .
Glosses: Musa-INTER(LAT) M.work:IPFV-IMP say:PFV-IMP.TR
Translation: Tell Musa to work.