lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: German Sign Language
Transcription: IX .1 HANS ZWING [ PRO WURM ESS]
Glosses: I Hans force   worm eat
Language: German Sign Language
Transcription: IX .2 LÖFFEL IX-lf [PRO FLACH-lf] HÄMMER-lf KANN
Glosses: you spoon the  flat hammer can
Translation: You can hammer the spoon flat.
Language: German Sign Language
Transcription: LÖFFEL IX-lf HÄMMER-lf [PRO FLACH-lf] WER
Glosses: spoon the hammer  flat who
Translation: Who hammered the spoon flat?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: MARY LICK PLATE NO-TRACE-LEFT
Glosses:  cause result
Translation: Mary licked the plate clean/empty.
Language: German Sign Language
Transcription: HANS TELLER LECK+ SAUBER
Glosses: Hans plate lick clean
Translation: Hans licked the plate clean.
Language: German Sign Language
Transcription: IX-2 LÖFFEL IX-lf FLACH-lf HÄMMER-lf KANN
Glosses: you spoon it/the flat hammer can
Translation: You can hammer the spoon flat.
Language: German Sign Language
Transcription: HANS TELLER LECK+ [ PRO SAUBER]
Glosses: Hans plate lick  clean
Translation: John licked the plate clean.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: t SUSI IX-fr TASCHE GEBURTSTAG GEB-fr WER
Glosses:  Susi she purse birthday give who
Translation: Who gave Susi a purse for her birthday?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *t WEIN GRUND W .M VORBEI WER
Glosses:  cry reason worldcup over who
Translation: Who is crying because the (soccer) world cup is over?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *t SCHLAF BIS WINTER VORBEI WER
Glosses:  sleep until winter over who
Translation: Who sleeps until the winter is over?
Language: Polish
Transcription: Wiem , że wygrali-śmy/ły-śmy .
Glosses: know.1SG that win.PART.VIR.PL-1/PART.NVIR.PL-1
Translation: I know that we won.
Language: Polish
Transcription: Wiem , że-śmy wygrali/ły .
Glosses: know.1SG that-1 win.PART./PART . 
Translation: I know that we won.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Chcę , że-by-ś przestał mi przeszkadzać .
Glosses: want.1SG that stop.PART.M.SG I.DAT disturb.INF
Translation: I want you to stop disturbing me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Chcę , że przestał-by-ś mi przeszkadzać .
Glosses: want.1SG that stop.PART.M.SG I.DAT disturb.INF
Translation: I want you to stop disturbing me.
Language: Polish
Transcription: *Chcę , że-by-ś przestał-eś mi przeszkadzać .
Glosses: want.1SG that stop.PART . I.DAT disturb.INF
Translation: I want you to stop disturbing me.
Language: Polish
Transcription: Maria chce , żebyśmy ja i mój sąsiad wyszli .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 I and my neighbor.M.SG left . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebyśmy ja i mąż wytrwali
Glosses: that.COND.1 I and husband persevered .
Language: Polish
Transcription: żeby on i Pierwsza Dama mogli wysłuchać postulatów
Glosses: that.COND.3 he and First Lady could . listen.INF demands
Language: Polish
Transcription: żeby mama i babcia mogły normalnie żyć
Glosses: that.COND.3 mother and grandmother could . normally live.INF
Language: Polish
Transcription: żeby świat i miasto zapadły w gruzy
Glosses: that.COND.3 world and city fell . in ruble
Language: Polish
Transcription: Maria chce , żebym ja i mój sąsiad wyszli .
Glosses: Maria want.3SG that.COND.1 I and my neighbor.M.SG left . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebym ja i moje dziecko miały zabezpieczoną przyszłość
Glosses: that.COND.1 I and my child had secured future
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebym ja i mój brat przejęli jego “imperium”
Glosses: that.COND.1 I and my brother took.over his empire
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebyś Ty i Twoja córeczka miały lepsze życie
Glosses: that.COND.2 you and your daughter had better life
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ich dink de-s/*det doow en ich ôs kenne treffe .
Glosses: I think that-2SG/that you.2SG and I each.other can.PL meet
Translation: I think that you and I can meet.
Language: Polish
Transcription: Maria chce , żebym ja i mój sąsiad wyszedł .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 I and my neighbor . left
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebyście wy i ten przedział był zdolny do użytku .
Glosses: that.COND.2 you.2 and this compartment . was . fit for use
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebym ja i dziecko czuło
Glosses: that.COND.1 I and child . felt .
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebyśmy my i nasza praca była traktowana z szacunkiem
Glosses: that.COND.1 we and our work was . treated with respect
Language: Polish
Transcription: *Maria chce , żebyśmy ja i mój sąsiad wyszedł .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 I and my neighbor . left . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: *Maria chce , żebyśmy ja i mój sąsiad wyszła .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 I and my neighbor.M.SG left . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: *Maria chce , żebym ja i mój sąsiad wyszła .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 I and my neighbor.M.SG left . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: *Maria chce , żeby ja i mój sąsiad wyszedł .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.3 I and my neighbor . left . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebym ja (i mi podobni) siedziała po godzinach
Glosses: that.COND.1 I and I.DAT similar.M.PL sat . after hours
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebyś ty i bliska ci osoba trafił na Łąki Asfoldelowe
Glosses: that.COND.2 you and close you.DAT person.F.SG found.way . to meadows Asphodel
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebyś Ty i każdy gość czuł się swobodnie
Glosses: that.COND.2 you and every guest.M.SG felt . REFL comfortable
Language: Polish
Transcription: żebym ja i moja rodzina była zdrowa
Glosses: that.COND.1 I and my family.F.SG was . healthy
Language: Polish
Transcription: Chcę żeby-ś przyszła na wykład .
Glosses: want.1SG that.COND-2 came . to lecture
Translation: I want you to come to the lecture.
Language: Polish
Transcription: Ja i Maria przyszłyśmy na wykład .
Glosses: I and Maria came . to lecture
Translation: I and Maria came to the lecture.
Language: Polish
Transcription: *Ja i-śmy Maria poszły na wykład .
Glosses: I and-1 Maria went.NVIR.PL to lecture
Translation: Maria and I went to the lecture.
Language: Polish
Transcription: *[Ja i Maria]-śmy poszły na wykład .
Glosses: I and Maria-1 went.NVIR.PL to lecture
Translation: Maria and I went to the lecture.
Language: Polish
Transcription: Wczoraj kupili: Jan książkę , a Piotr dictionary .
Glosses: yesterday bought . Jan . book and Piotr . słownik
Translation: Yesterday Jan bought a book and Piotr a dictionary.
Language: Polish
Transcription: ja i Maria przyszłyśmy na wykład .
Glosses: I and Maria came . to lecture
Translation: I and Maria came to the lecture.
Language: Polish
Transcription: Maria chce , żebyśmy wyszli , ja i mój sąsiad .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 left . I and my neighbor . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: Maria chce , żebym wyszedł , ja i mój sąsiad .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 left . I and my neighbor . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: *Maria chce , żebym wyszli , ja i moi sąsiedzi .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 left . I and my neighbors . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbors to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: Maria chce , żebym ja i moi sąsiedzi wyszli .
Glosses: Maria wants that.COND.1 I and my neighbors . left . 
Translation: Maria wants me and my neighbors to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: żeby-ś on/ona/my i ty
Glosses: that.COND-2 he/she/we and you
Language: Polish
Transcription: Jan chce , żebym ja i mój sąsiad wyszedł .
Glosses: Jan wants that.COND.1SG I and my neighbor.M.SG left.M.SG
Translation: Jan wants me and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Polish
Transcription: *Ja Jan chce , żebym t i mój sąsiad wyszedł .
Glosses: I Jan wants that.cond.1SG  and my neighbor.M.SG left.M.SG
Translation: Lit. ‘Me, Jan wants and my neighbor to leave.
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: A gyerekek a könyvet ANNÁNAK adták .
Glosses: the children.NOM the book.ACC Anna.DAT give.PAS.3PL
Translation: As for the children, they gave the book to ANNA.
Language: Gun
Transcription: ún dɔ` dɔ` [ dàn l´ɔ] yà , [Kòfí] wɛ` ún hù – ì ná
Glosses: 1.SG say.PERF that  snake the TOP Kofi FOC 1.SG kill.PERF.3SG prep
Translation: I said that as for the snake, I killed it for KOFI
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Désirée peut aller à New York . (poss)
Glosses: Désirée can go.INF to New York
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Désirée doit aller à New York . (necess)
Glosses: Désirée must go.INF to New York
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: Dórának New-Yorkba kell mennie . (deont)
Glosses: Dóra.DAT New-York.ILL must go.INF.3SG
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: Dórának nagyon kell szeretnie New-Yorkot ! (epist)
Glosses: Dóra.DAT much must like.INF.3SG New-York.ACC
Translation: Dóra must really like New-York!
Language: Min Dong Chinese
Transcription: Huoche yidingᴰ yaoᴰ kai le , women dei yizhao shijian-biao fache . (deont)
Glosses: Train obligatorily YAO start Inc we have.to according.to time-table launch
Translation: The train mustᴰ leave, so it has to launch according to the time table.
Language: Min Dong Chinese
Transcription: Huoche yidingᴱ (shi) yaoᴱ kai le , cai hui yizhi ming qidi .
Glosses: train surely be YAO start Inc just will continuously blow steam.whistle
Translation: The train mustᴱ be leaving, so it kept blowing the steam whistle.
Language: Catalan
Transcription: El lladre pogué entrar per la finestra
Glosses: The thief could come-in by the window
Translation: (i) ‘It is possible that the thief came in by the window.’ (ii) ‘The thief was able to come in by the window.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: En Jordi pot no haver sortit .
Glosses: the Jordi could not have left
Translation: It is possible that Jordi hasn’t left.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: En Jordi no ha pogut sortir .
Glosses: the Jordi not has could leave
Translation: Jordi hasn’t been able to leave.
Language: French
Transcription: Jean ne vient pas , il court .
Glosses: Jean NEG comes not he runs
Translation: Jean does not come, he runs.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Eija ne doit pas rater son train .
Glosses: Eija NEG must not miss.INF her train
Translation: Eija must not miss her train.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: On ne doit pas nécessairement passer devant , se rapprocher c’est déjà bien .15
Glosses: IMPS NEG must not necessarily move front, REFL get-closer it-is already good
Translation: You don’t necessarily have to be first, getting close is already good.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ferdaous ne peut pas partir .
Glosses: Ferdaous NEG can not go.INF
Translation: Ferdaous cannot go.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Elle ne peut pas ouvrir le dossier .
Glosses: she NEG can not open.INF the file
Translation: She cannot pen the file.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Vivre avec Liliane , ça ne doit pas être possible .18
Glosses: live.INF with Liliane, it NEG must not be possible
Translation: To live with Liliane must not be possible.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Gagner 3-0 sur un terrain aussi difficile , ça ne peut pas être banal .19
Glosses: win-.NF 3-0 on a ground so difficult, that NEG can not be unimpressive
Translation: To win 3-0 on such a difficult field cannot be unimpressive.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Il sugo non può essere pronto : non ne sento l’odore .
Glosses: the sauce NEG can be ready : NEG it smell.PRES.1SG the odour
Translation: The sauce can’t be ready: I can’t smell its odour.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Menjünk moziba !
Glosses: go.SUBJ.1PL movies.INESS
Translation: let’s go to the movies!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Bár (csak) aranyérmet nyerne Ilonka !
Glosses: if only gold-medal.ACC win.COND Ilonka.NOM
Translation: If only Ilonka would win a gold medal!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Allons au cinema !
Glosses: go.1PL to movie
Translation: Let’s go to the movies!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Puisse-t-elle gagner une médaille !
Glosses: can.SUBJ she win a medal
Translation: May she win a medal!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pourvu que Irina gagne une médaille !
Glosses: provided that Irina win.SUBJ.3S a medal
Translation: Let’s hope Irina wins a medal.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Si seulement Irina gagnait une médaille !
Glosses: if only Irina win.IMP.3S a medal
Translation: If only Irina would win a medal!
Language: French
Transcription: *La semaine prochaine , puisse-t-elle obtenir une médaille !
Glosses: the week next may.SUBJ she get.INF a medal
Language: French
Transcription: *A Sarajevo , pourvu qu’elle obtienne une médaille !
Glosses: at Sarajevo provided that she get.SUBJ a medal
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: *Jövő héten , bárcsak érmet nyerne !
Glosses: next week, if-only medal.ACC win.SUBJ.3SG
Language: French
Transcription: La semaine prochaine , elle peut/pourrait gagner une médaille .
Glosses: the next week she can.PRES/can.COND win a medal
Translation: Next week, she can/could win a medal.
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: Jövő héten , érmet nyerhet .
Glosses: next week.SUP medal.ACC win.POSS.3S
Translation: Next week she can win a medal.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Elle ne mange pas de bonbons .
Glosses: she NE eats NEG of sweets
Translation: She does not eat sweets.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ne mange-t-elle pas de bonbons ?
Glosses: NE eat-she NEG of sweets
Translation: Doesn’t she eat sweets?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Puissiez-vous  avoir raison !
Glosses: can.SUBJ.2PL you have right
Translation: May you be right!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Ne puissiez-vous  pas avoir raison !
Glosses: NEG can.SUBJ.2PL you not have right
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ne pouvez-vous pas venir ?
Glosses: NEG can you not come
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ils doivent être malades .
Glosses: they must.3PL be sick
Translation: They must be sick.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mettons-nous au travail !
Glosses: Put.1PL us to work
Translation: Let’s get to work!
Language: French
Transcription: La semaine prochaine , soyons à l’heure !
Glosses: the next week be.SUBJ.1PL on time
Translation: Next week, let’s be on time!
Language: French
Transcription: La boîte rouge , Kaniehtiio a dû la prendre exprès .
Glosses: the box red, Kaniehtiio has must it take.INF on-purpose
Translation: The red box Kaniehtiio can have taken on purpose.
Language: French
Transcription: *La boîte rouge , prends(-la)!
Glosses: the box red take.IMP (it)
Language: French
Transcription: *La boîte rouge , prenons(-la)!29
Glosses: the box red take.IMP.1PL (it)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Allons voir un film ce soir !
Glosses: go.IMP.1PL see.INF a film this night
Translation: Let’s go and see a film tonight!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: N’allons pas voir de film ce soir .
Glosses: NEG go.IMP.1PL not see.INF de film this night
Translation: Let’s not go and see a film tonight.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: N’allez pas voir ce film !
Glosses: NEG go.IMP.2PL not see.INF this movie
Translation: Don’t go and see this movie!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: N’allons ´pas voir un film ce soir !
Glosses: NEG go.IMP.1PL not see.INF a film this night
Translation: Let’s ´not go and see a film tonight.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Puissiez-vous  ne ´pas avoir raison (mais entièrement raison !)
Glosses: Can.SUBJ.2PL you NEG not have right but entirely right
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Puissiez-vous  ne ´pas entendre une bêtise !
Glosses: can.SUBJ.2PL you NEG not hear a stupidity
Translation: May you nót hear something stupid’!
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: Ursát VALINAK muttatuk be .
Glosses: Ursa-acc Vali-dat introduce-pas-1pl part
Translation: We introduced Ursa to VALI.
Language: Italian
Transcription: Il libro A VALERIO l’ha comprato Valentina .
Glosses: the book, to Valerio it-has bought Valentina
Translation: the book, Valentina bought it for VALERIO.
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: √Péter Lundba jár egyetemre .
Glosses: Peter.NOM Lund.ILLAT go.3S university.SUBL
Translation: (As for) Peter, he goes to university in Lund.
Language: Italian
Transcription: √il libro , l’ho letto ieri
Glosses: the book, it has read yesterday
Translation: the book, I read (it) yesterday
Language: French
Transcription: C’est à Xochitl que j’ai parlé , pas à Yvette
Glosses: It is to Xochitl that I spoke, not to Yvette
Language: French
Transcription: *C’est à Xochitl que j’ai parlé , pas chanté .
Glosses: It is to Xochitl that I spoke, not sang
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: ZORÁVAL beszéltem , nem Adával .
Glosses: Zora.INSTR speak.PAS.1S NEG Ada.INSTR
Translation: I spoke with ZORA, not with Ada.
Language: Hungarian
Transcription: *ZORÁVAL beszéltem , nem telefonáltam .
Glosses: Zora.INSTR speak.PAS.1S NEG phone.PAS.1S
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: non può essere pronto (Neg > Mod),
Glosses: NEG can be ready
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: può non essere pronto (Mod > Neg).
Glosses: can NEG be ready
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: non deve essere pronto (Mod > Neg)
Glosses: NEG must be ready
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: deve non essere pronto (Mod > Neg)
Glosses: must NEG be ready
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Paul a un frère
Glosses: Paul has a brother
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Paul n’a pas de frère
Glosses: Paul ne has not de brother
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Arno beklagt , dass Studentinnen Vorlesungen selten loben , und Uli beklagt es auch .
Glosses: Arno deplores that student.FEM.PL(.NOM) lecture.PL(.ACC) rarely praise.3PL and Uli deplores it too
Translation: Arno deplores (the fact) that students rarely praise lectures, and Uli deplores this, too.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Arno beklagt , dass Studentinnen Professoren selten loben , und Uli beklagt es auch .
Glosses: Arno deplores that student.FEM.PL(.NOM) professor.PL(.ACC) rarely praise.3PL and Uli deplores it too
Translation: Arno deplores (the fact) that students rarely praise professors, and …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Arno beklagt , dass Studentinnen Vorlesungen selten applaudieren , und Uli beklagt es auch .
Glosses: Arno deplores that student.FEM.PL(.NOM) lecture.PL(.DAT) rarely applaud.3PL and Uli deplores it too
Translation: Arno deplores (the fact) that students rarely applaud lectures, and …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Arno beklagt , dass Studentinnen Professoren selten applaudieren , und Uli beklagt es auch .
Glosses: Arno deplores that student.FEM.PL(.NOM) professor.PL(.DAT) rarely applaud.3PL and Uli deplores it too
Translation: Arno deplores (the fact) that students rarely applaud professors, and …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Peter berichtet , dass Banditen Postkutschen häufig ausrauben , und Ida berichtet das gleiche .
Glosses: Peter relates that bandit.PL(.NOM) post.coaches.PL(.ACC) often out.rob.3PL and Ida relates the same
Translation: Peter relates that bandits often rob stage coaches, and Ida relates the same.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Peter berichtet , dass Banditen Postboten häufig ausrauben , und Ida berichtet das gleiche .
Glosses: Peter relates that bandit.PL(.NOM) post.messengers.PL(.ACC) often out.rob.3PL and Ida relates the same
Translation: … that bandits often rob postmen, and Ida …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Peter berichtet , dass Banditen Postkutschen häufig auflauern , und Ida berichtet das gleiche .
Glosses: Peter relates that bandit.PL(.NOM) post.coaches.PL(.DAT) often on.lurk.3PL and Ida relates the same
Translation: … that bandits often waylay stage coaches, and Ida …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Peter berichtet , dass Banditen Postboten häufig auflauern , und Ida berichtet das gleiche .
Glosses: Peter relates that bandit.PL(.NOM) post.messengers.PL(.DAT) often on.lurk.3PL and Ida relates the same
Translation: … that bandits often waylay postmen, and Ida …
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-ga eigo-o/ga hanas-e-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM English-ACC.NOM speak-can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can speak English.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: John-ga migime-dake-o tumur-e-ru .
Glosses: John-NOM right.eye-only-ACC close-can-PRES
Translation: John can close only his right eye.’ (i) can > only (John can wink his right eye.) (ii) ?*only > can (It is only his right eye that he can close.)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: John-ga migime-dake-ga tumur-e-ru .
Glosses: John-NOM right.eye-only-NOM close-can-PRES
Translation: John can close only his right eye.’ (i) *can > only (ii) only > can
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: John-wa migime-dake-o tumur-u koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: John-TOP right.eye-only-ACC close-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: John can close only his right eye.’ (i) can > only (ii) ?*only > can
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: John-wa migime-dake-ga tumur-u koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: John-TOP right.eye-only-NOM close-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: John can close only his right eye.’ (i) *can > only (ii) only > can
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Watasi-wa [eigo-o ryuutyooni hanasu koto] to [piano-o ryoote-de hiku koto]-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: I-TOP English-ACC fluently speak NMLZ and piano-ACC both.hands-with play NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: I can speak English fluently and play the piano with both hands.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Watasi-wa eigo-ga ryuutyooni hanasu koto to piano-ga ryoote-de hiku koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: I-TOP English-NOM fluently speak NMLZ and piano-NOM both.hands-with play NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: I can speak English fluently and play the piano with both hands.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa [Hanako-ga gohan-o zenbu tabetesimatta koto]-ni mattaku hara-o tate-nakat-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP Hanako-NOM rice-ACC all ate NMLZ-DAT at.all belly-ACC make.stand.up-not-past
Translation: Taroo did not get angry at all at Hanako’s eating all the rice.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Taroo-wa [Hanako-ga gohan-o tabe-nai koto]-ni mattaku hara-o tate-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP Hanako-NOM rice-ACC eat-not NMLZ-DAT at.all belly-ACC make.stand.up-past
Translation: Lit. ‘Taroo got angry at all at Hanako’s not eating rice.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa [Hanako-ga mattaku gohan-o tabe-nai koto]-ni hara-o tate-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP Hanako-NOM at-all rice-ACC eat-not NMLZ-DAT belly-ACC make.stand.up-past
Translation: Taroo got angry at Hanako’s not eating rice at all.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa [mattaku migime-o tumur-anai koto]-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP at.all right.eye-ACC close-not NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo is able not to close his right eye at all.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Taroo-wa [mattaku migime-ga tumur-anai koto]-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP at.all right.eye-NOM close-not NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo is able not to close his right eye at all.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa migime-ga [mattaku tumur-anai koto]-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP right.eye-NOM at.all close-not NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo is able not to close his right eye at all.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: John-wa migime-dake-ga₁ [PRO pro₁ tumur]-e-ru .
Glosses: John-TOP right.eye-only-NOM close-can-PRES
Translation: John can close only his right eye.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: John-wa migime-dake-ga₁ [PRO pro₁ tumur-u] koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: John-TOP right.eye-only-NOM close-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: John can close only his right eye.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-ga Hanako-ni₁ zibun₁-no migite-dake-ga age-sase-ru koto-ga deki-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM Hanako-DAT self-GEN right.hand-only-NOM raise-cause-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-past
Translation: Lit. ‘Taroo could make Hanako₁ raise only self₁’s right hand.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Zibun₁-no sensei-wa Hanako₁-ni mondai-o tok-ase-ta .
Glosses: self₁-GEN teacher-TOP Hanako₁-DAT question-ACC answer-cause-past
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [Hanako-ni]₁ sensei-wa t₁ mondai-o tok-ase-ta .
Glosses: Hanako-DAT teacher-TOP  question-ACC answer-cause-past
Translation: The teacher made Hanako answer the question.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: John-ga migime-dake-ga tumur-e-na-i .
Glosses: John-NOM right.eye-only-NOM close-can-not-PRES
Translation: John cannot close only his right eye.’ (only > not > can)
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-ga Hanko-ni hihans-are-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM Hanako-DAT criticize-PASS-past
Translation: Taroo was criticized by Hanako.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Hanako-wa [Taroo-ga nani-o kat-ta to mo] omowa-nakat-ta .
Glosses: Hanako-TOP Taroo-NOM what-ACC buy-past that PART think-not-past
Translation: Hanako did not think that Taroo bought anything.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Dare-ga warai-mo si-nakat-ta .
Glosses: who-NOM laugh-PART do-not-past
Translation: Nobody laughed.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa dare-ni ai-mo si-nakat-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP who-DAT see-PART do-not-past
Translation: Taroo did not meet anyone.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Koremade dare-ga kangae-mo si-nakat-ta aidia
Glosses: this.till who-NOM think-PART do-not-past idea
Translation: the idea which nobody has ever thought of
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?Watasi-wa dare-ni [koi to mo] itte-inai .
Glosses: I-TOP who-DAT come that PART said-have.not
Translation: I haven’t said to anyone to come.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-ga nattoo-o tabe , Jiroo-ga koohii-o nom-u yooni natta .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM nattoo-ACC eat Jiroo-NOM coffee-ACC drink-PRES COMP happened
Translation: It happened that Taroo ate nattoo and Jiroo drank coffee.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Taroo-ga Hanako-ni nattoo-o tabe , John-ga Mary-ni koohii-o nomu yooni itta .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM Hanako-DAT nattoo-ACC eat John-NOM Mary-DAT coffee-ACC drink COMP told
Translation: Taroo told Hanako to eat nattoo and John told Mary to drink coffee.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Hanako-wa gakuhu-ga surasurato yom-u koto-ga deki , piano-ga ryooote-de hik-u koto-ga deki-ru yooni natta .
Glosses: Hanako-TOP score-NOM easily read-PRES NMLZ-NOM can piano-NOM both.hands-with play-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES COMP happened
Translation: It happened that Hanako was able to read scores easily and play the piano by both hands.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Taroo-ga okane-ga hosii/hituyoo-da/aru .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM money-NOM want/need-be/have
Translation: Taroo {wants/needs/has} some money.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa issyookenmei benkyoos-uru koto-o kokoromi-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP hard study-PRES NMLZ-ACC try-past
Translation: Taroo tried to work hard.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa migime-dake-ga tumur-u koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP right.eye-only-NOM close-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can close only his right eye.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa dare-ni-mo awa-nakat-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP who-DAT-PART see-not-past
Translation: Taroo did not see anyone.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Taroo-wa dare-ni-mo at-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP who-DAT-PART see-past
Translation: Lit. ‘Taroo saw anyone.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Taroo-wa [Hanako-ga dare-ni-mo au to] iwa-nakat-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP Hanako-NOM who-DAT-PART see that say-not-past
Translation: Taroo did not say that Hanako would see anyone.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Henni leiddust strakarnir .
Glosses: her.DAT bored boys.the.NOM
Translation: She found the boys boring.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-ga nani-mo yoma-nakat-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM what-PART read-not-past
Translation: Taroo did not read anything.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Taroo-wa [dare-ni-mo purezento-o age-ru koto]-o kokoromi-nakat-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP who-DAT-PART present-ACC give-PRES NMLZ-ACC try-not-past
Translation: Taroo didn’t try to give a present to anyone.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa [dare-ni-mo purezento-o age-ru koto]-ga deki-nai .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP who-DAT-PART present-ACC give-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-not
Translation: Taroo can’t give a present to anyone.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *[Dare-ni-mo purezento-o age-ru koto]-ga kokoromi-rare-nakat-ta .
Glosses: who-DAT-PART present-ACC give-PRES NMLZ-NOM try-PASS-not-past
Translation: Lit. ‘It was not tried to give a present to anyone.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-ga katta hon
Glosses: Taroo-NOM bought book
Translation: the book Taroo bought
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-no katta hon
Glosses: Taroo-GEN bought book
Translation: the book Taroo bought
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Kono-hon-o/*ga Taroo-ga yon-da .
Glosses: this-book-ACC.NOM Taroo-NOM read-past
Translation: Taroo read this book.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-ga migime-dake-o tumur-u koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM right.eye-only-ACC close-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can close only his right eye.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dieser Text ist schwer zu lessen .
Glosses: this text.NOM is hard to read
Translation: This text is hard to read.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *weil den Traktor leicht zu riparieren ist
Glosses: since the tractor.ACC easy to repair is
Translation: since the tractor is easy to repair
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [ [ Kono-hon-o/*ga ₁ [ Taroo-ga [ t₁ yon]]]-da].
Glosses:  this-book-ACC/NOM Taroo-NOM read-past
Translation: Taroo read this book.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa migime-dake-o/*ga tumur-u koto-o kokoromi-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP right.eye-only-ACC/NOM close-PRES NMLZ-ACC try-past
Translation: Taroo tried to close only his right eye.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa [eigo-ga/*no hanas-u koto]-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP English-NOM.GEN speak-PRES NMLZ.NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can speak English.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa [Hanako-ga/no kaetta koto]-o sitta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP Hanako-NOM.GEN left NMLZ-ACC knew
Translation: Taroo knew that Hanako left.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-no/ga hone-ga ore-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-GEN.NOM bone-NOM break-past
Translation: Taroo’s bone broke.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Subete-no gakusei-ga sono-hon-o yoma-nakat-ta .
Glosses: all-GEN student-NOM the-book-ACC read-not-past
Translation: All the students did not read the book.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: John-ga migime-dake-o tumur-e-na-i .
Glosses: John-NOM rightv.eye-only-ACC close-can-not-PRES
Translation: John cannot close only his right eye.’ (not > can > only)
Language: Japanese
Transcription: John-ga subete-no hon-o yom-e-na-i .
Glosses: John-NOM all-GEN book-ACC read-can-not-PRES
Translation: John cannot read all the books.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa dareka-ni 40izyoo-no sigoto-o makase-ru koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP someone-DAT more.than.40-GEN job-ACC leave-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can leave someone more than 40 jobs.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa dareka-ni 40izyoo-no sigoto-ga makase-ru koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP someone-DAT more.than.40-GEN job-NOM leave-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can leave someone more than 40 jobs.
Language: Paakantyi
Transcription: Taroo-wa ryuutyooni Kankokugo-o hanas-u koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP fluently Korean-ACC speak-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can speak Korean fluently.
Language: Paakantyi
Transcription: ??/*Taroo-wa ryuutyooni Kankokugo-ga hanas-u koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP fluently Korean-NOM speak-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can speak Korean fluently.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Taroo-ga Hanako-ni zibun-no migite-dake-ga age-sase-rare-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-NOM Hanako-DAT self-GEN right.hand-only-NOM raise-cause-can-past
Translation: Lit. ‘Taroo could make Hanako raise only self’s right hand.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa sono sigoto-ga Hanako-ni makase-ru koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP that job-NOM Hanako-DAT leave-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can leave the job to Hanako.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: ??Taroo-wa Hanako-ni sono sigoto-ga makase-ru koto-ga deki-ru .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP Hanako-DAT that job-NOM leave-PRES NMLZ-NOM can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can leave the job to Hanako.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Eigo-ga hanas-e]-sae₁ Kai-ga t₁ sita .
Glosses: English-NOM speak-can-even Kai-NOM did 
Translation: Even to be able to speak English, Kai managed.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-wa Hanako-ga kaetta koto-o sitta .
Glosses: Taroo-TOP Hanako-NOM left NMLZ-ACC knew
Translation: Taroo knew that Hanako left.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroo-sika ko-nakat-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-only come-not-past
Translation: Only Taroo came.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Taroo-sika ki-ta .
Glosses: Taroo-only come-past
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [t₁ tumuru koto-ga]₂ Taroo-wa migime-dake-ga₁ t₂ deki-ru .
Glosses:  close NMLZ-NOM Taroo-TOP right.eye-only-NOM  can-PRES
Translation: Taroo can close only his right eye.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *[Mary-ga t₁ yonda to]₂ sono hon-o₁ John-ga t₂ itta (koto).
Glosses: Mary-NOM read that that book-ACC John-NOM said fact
Translation: (the fact that) John said that Mary read that book.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Hanako-ni purezento-o/*ga age-ru koto-ga kokoromi-rare-ta .
Glosses: Hanako-DAT present-ACC/NOM give-PRES NMLZ-NOM try-PASS-past
Translation: Lit. ‘It was tried to give a present to Hanako.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: [kotosi sinju-no yasuku-naru] kanoosee
Glosses: this.year pearl-GEN cheap-become possibility
Translation: the possibility that pearl will become cheap this year
Language: Japanese
Transcription: kinoo Taroo-ga/*no waga-ya-ni kita koto
Glosses: yesterday Taroo-NOM.GEN my-house-to came fact
Translation: the fact that Taroo came to my house yesterday
Language: Japanese
Transcription: natu-yasumi-no aidani Taroo-ga/*no daizina zikken-ni sippaisita kanoosei
Glosses: summer-break-GEN during Taroo-NOM.GEN important experiment-at failed possibility
Translation: the possibility that Taroo failed an important experiment during the summer break
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: À (rínɡ) wò gā tí sā:rā t∫Í sā:rā .
Glosses: pro (say) PL COMP head LOG hurt LOG
Translation: They said [ that they had headaches].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Barnið lét ekki í ljós [að það hef-ði verið hugsað vel um sig].
Glosses: child.DEF put not in light that there had-SBJV been thought well about ANAPH
Translation: [The child] didn’t reveal [ that she had been taken good care of].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Barnið bar þess ekki merki [að það hef-ði verið hugsað vel um sig].
Glosses: child.DEF bore of it not signs that there had-SBJV been thought well about ANAPH
Translation: [The child] didn’t look [ as if she had been taken good care of].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Han dra-r den mot seg .
Glosses: He[NOM] pull-PRS it towards ANAPH
Translation: He pulls it towards himself.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Forbrukerråd-et argumentere-r mot [seg selv]
Glosses: consumer.council-DEF argue-PRS against ANAPH self . 
Translation: [The consumer council] argues against itself.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Iinkai-ga zibun-o erab-I soo ni nat-ta toki , Takasi-wa huanni nat-ta .
Glosses: committee[NOM] ANAPH-ACC elect likely become-PST when Takasi-TOP worried become-PST
Translation: When it came to be likely that the committee might elect self, Takashi became anxious.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Iinkai-ga zibun-o erab-i soo ni nat-ta toki , Takasi-wa gussuri nemut-te-i-ta .
Glosses: committee[NOM] ANAPH-ACC elect likely become-PST when Takasi-TOP fast asleep be-PST
Translation: When it came to be likely that the committee might elect self, Takashi was fast asleep.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: La-propria moglie preoccupa molto Gianni .
Glosses: self’s wife worries a lot Gianni
Translation: Gianni is worried by self’s wife.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Naan [ Seetha tann-æ paar-tt-aaɭ ŭnnŭ] so-nn-een .
Glosses: I[NOM]  Seetha[NOM] ANAPH-ACC see-PST-3FSG COMP say-PST-1SG
Translation: I said [ that Seetha saw me].’ (Intended)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Nii [ pasaŋ-gaɭ tann-æ aɖi-tt-aaŋ gaɭ-ŭnnŭ] nene-tt-aaj .
Glosses: You[NOM]  boys-PL[NOM] ANAPH-ACC hit-PST-3M PL-COMP think-PST-2SG
Translation: You thought [ that the boys hit you].’ (Intended)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman tann-ooɖæ eɖædŭ-pakkattŭ-læ irŭ-nd-æ paamb-æ ko-nn-aan .
Glosses: Raman ANAPH-DAT left-side-LOC be-PST-REL snake-ACC kill-PST-3MSG
Translation: Raman killed the snake that was to his left.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman avan-ŭkkŭ eɖædŭ-pakkattŭ-læ irŭ-nd-æ paamb-æ ko-nn-aan .
Glosses: Raman he-DAT left-side-LOC be-PST-REL snake-ACC kill-PST-3MSG
Translation: Raman killed the snake (that was) to his left.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Andæ muʈʈaaɭ neʤamaa-vee school-æ viʈʈ-aan-aa ?
Glosses: that idiot[NOM] really-EMPH school-ACC leave-PST-3MSG-Q
Translation: Had that idiot really dropped out of school?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Taan andæ muʈʈaaɭ-æ patti kanavŭka-ɳɖ-aan-aa ?
Glosses: ANAPH.NOM that idiot-SG.ACC about dream-PST-3MSG-Q
Translation: Had he dreamed about [that idiot]?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Kuuɖam [PRO tann-æ elect-sejj-æ] varam-poɻŭdŭ] Raman kavalæ-paɖæ-aaramb-ičč-aar .
Glosses: committee[NOM]  ANAPH.NOM elect-do-INF come-when Raman[NOM] worry-do-start-PST-3HON.MSG
Translation: When the committee was about to elect him, Raman started worrying.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Kuuɖam [PRO avaɻ-æ elect-sejj-æ] varam-poɻŭdŭ] Raman tuuŋg-i-kkoɳɖ-iru-nd-aar .
Glosses: committee[NOM]  he.HON.NOM elect-do-INF come-when Raman[NOM] sleep-PST-ASP-COP-PST-3HON.MSG
Translation: When the committee was about to elect him, Raman slept.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Kuuɖam [PRO tann-æ elect-sejj-æ] varam-poɻŭdŭ] Raman tuuŋg-i-kkoɳɖ-iru-nd-aar .
Glosses: committee[NOM]  ANAPH.NOM elect-do-INF come-when Raman[NOM] sleep-PST-ASP-COP-PST-3HON.MSG
Translation: When the committee was about to elect him, Raman slept.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman-ŭkkŭ [taan ʤejčč-æ višijam-ee] teri-jaadŭ .
Glosses: Raman-DAT ANAPH[NOM] win-INF news-EMPH know-NEG
Translation: Raman didn’t even know [ of his having won].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ Raman Anand-kiʈʈæ [ Seetha tann-æ kaappaatt-in-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ] so-nn-aan-nnŭ] Krishnan paar-tt-aan .
Glosses:  Raman[NOM] Anand-ALL  Seetha[NOM] ANAPH-ACC save-PST-3FSG-COMP] say-PST-3MSG-COMP Krishnan[NOM] saw-PST-3MSG
Translation: Krishnan saw [ that Raman told Anand [ that Seetha saved him]].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Krishnan [ Seetha tann-æ kaadali-kkir-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ] Raman-æ nenekka-vej-tt-aan .
Glosses: Krishnan[NOM]  Seetha[NOM] ANAPH-ACC love-PRS-3FSG-COMP Raman-ACC think-CAUS-PST-3MSG
Translation: Krishnan made Raman believe [ that Seetha loved him].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ [ Taan avvaɭavŭ eeɻæ-jaaga irŭnd-adŭ] [ Raman-ooɖæ aɳɳaav-æ] rombæ-vee baadi-jirŭ-kkir-adŭ .]
Glosses:  ANAPH[NOM] so poor-ADJ be-PST-3NSG.NOM  Raman-GEN brother-ACC very-EMPH affect-be-PRS-3NSG
Translation: [ His having been so poor] has really affected [ [ Raman]’s brother].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Seetha-vŭkkŭ oɳɳum purija-læ . Taan maʈʈum een ivvaɭavŭ kašʈappaɖa-ɳum ?
Glosses: Seetha-DAT anything understand-NEG . ANAPH.NOM alone why this.much suffer-must
Translation: Seetha didn’t understand at all. Why must she alone suffer this much?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Raman tann-æ paar-tt-aan .
Glosses: Raman[NOM] ANAPH-ACC see-PST-3MSG
Translation: Intended: ‘Raman saw himself.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Nii paris-æ tookkapoo r-æ-nnŭ] avan namb-in-aan .
Glosses: you[NOM] prize-ACC lose.go PRS-2SG-COMP he[NOM] believe-PST-3MSG
Translation: He believed [ that you would lose the prize].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Avaɭ paris-æ tookkapoo r-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ] avan namb-in-aan .
Glosses: she[NOM] prize-ACC lose.go PRS-3FSG-COMP he[NOM] believe-PST-3MSG
Translation: He believed [ that she would lose the prize].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Avaɭ [ avan [ taan paris-æ tookkapoo-gir-aaɭ-nnŭ] namb-in-aan-ŭnnŭ] [pasaŋ-gaɭ-kiʈʈæ] kaaʈʈ-in-aaɭ .
Glosses: she[NOM]  he[NOM]  ANAPH[NOM] prize-ACC lose.go-PRS-3FSG-COMP believe-PST-3MSG-COMP boy-3PL-ALL show-PST-3FSG
Translation: She showed [the boys] [ that he believed [ that herself/*himself/*themselves would lose the prize]].’ (literal)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Avaɭ [ avan [ taan paris-æ tookkapoo-gir-aan-nnŭ] namb-in-aan-ŭnnŭ] [pasaŋ-gaɭ-kiʈʈæ] kaaʈʈ-in-aaɭ .
Glosses: she[NOM]  he[NOM]  ANAPH[NOM] prize-ACC lose.go-PRS-3MSG-COMP believe-PST-3MSG boy-3PL-ALL show-PST-3FSG
Translation: She showed [the boys] [ that he believed [ that himself/*herself/*themselves would lose the prize]].’ (literal)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Koɻændæ naɖandadæ-patti joosi-čč-adŭ . Taan een kašʈappaʈʈ-adŭ ?
Glosses: the.child[NOM] happening-ACC-about reflect-PST-3NSG . ANAPH[NOM] why suffer-PST-3NSG
Translation: The child reflected about what had happened. Why had itself suffered?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman [ taan viiʈʈ-ŭkkŭ tanijaa poo-r-een-nnŭ] so-nn-aan .
Glosses: Raman  ANAPH[NOM] house-DAT alone go-PRS-1SG-COMP say-PST-3MSG-COMP
Translation: LITERAL: ‘Raman said [CP that self am going home alone].’ READING: ‘Raman said [CP that he is going home alone].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman [ Krishnan [ taan Seetha-væ kaadali-kkir-een/*aan-nnŭ] so-nn-aan-nnŭ] so-nn-aan .
Glosses: Raman[NOM]  Krishnan[NOM]  ANAPH[NOM] Seetha-ACC love-PRS-1SG/*3MSG-COMP say-PST-3MSG-COMP overhear-PST-3MSG
Translation: Raman said [ that Krishnan said [ that he loves Seetha]].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman [ Krishnan [ taan Seetha-væ kaadali-kkir-aan/*een-nnŭ] so-nn-aan-nnŭ] so-nn-aan .
Glosses: Raman[NOM]  Krishnan[NOM]  ANAPH[NOM] Seetha-ACC love-PRS-3MSG/*1SG-COMP say-PST-3MSG-COMP say-PST-3MSG
Translation: Raman said [ that Krishnan said [ that he loves Seetha]].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pasaŋ-gaɭ [taaŋ-gaɭ viiʈʈŭkkŭ tanijaa poo-r-oom-ŭnnŭ] so-nn-aaŋ-gaɭ .
Glosses: boy-PL.NOM [ANAPH-PL.NOM home-DAT alone go-PRS-1PL-COMP] say-PST-3M-PL
Translation: Literal: ‘The boys said [ that themselves are going home alone].’ Reading: ‘The boys said [ that they are going home alone].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nii [ nii viiʈʈ-ŭkkŭ tanijaa poo-r-een-nnŭ] so-nn-ij-aa ?
Glosses: you.SG.NOM  you.SG.NOM house-DAT alone go-PRS-1SG-COMP say-PST-2SG-Q
Translation: Literal: ‘Did you say [ that you am going home alone]?’ Reading: ‘Did you say [ that you are going home alone]?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Avaɭ [ avaɭ viiʈʈ-ŭkkŭ tanijaa poo-r-een-nnŭ] so-nn-aaɭ .
Glosses: she.SG.NOM  she.SG.NOM house-DAT alone go-PRS-1SG-COMP say-PST-3FSG
Translation: Literal: ‘She said [ that she am going home alone].’ Intended reading: ‘She said [ that she is going home alone].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Naan [ taan school-ŭkkŭ poo-r-een-nnŭ] so-nn-een .
Glosses: I[NOM]  ANAPH[NOM] school-DAT go-PRS-1SG-COMP say-PST-1SG
Translation: I said [ that I am going to school].’ (Intended)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman [avaɭ [ [ pro taan paris-æ tookkapoo-gir-aan-nnŭ]] namb-in-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ] [Krishnan-kiʈʈæ] kaaʈʈ-in-aan .
Glosses: Raman[NOM] she    ANAPH[NOM] prize-ACC lose.go-PRS-3MSG-COMP believe-PST-3MSG-COMP Krishnan-OBL show-PST-3MSG
Translation: Raman showed [Krishnan] [ that she believed [ [ pro that himself/*herself/*Krishnan would lose the prize]]].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman [avaɭ [ [ pro taan paris-æ tookkapoo-gir-aan-ŭnnŭ]] namb-in-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ] [Krishnan-kiʈʈæ] kaaʈʈ-in-aan .
Glosses: Raman[NOM] she    ANAPH[NOM] prize-ACC lose.go-PRS-3MSG-COMP believe-PST-3MSG-COMP Krishnan-OBL show-PST-3MSG
Translation: Raman showed [Krishnan] [ that he believed [ [ pro that himself/*herself/*Krishnan would lose the prize]]].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kumar [ [ pro [tan manaivi-kkŭ]]] [ [ PRO [tan-gæ viiʈʈ-æ]]] kaaʈʈ-in-aan .
Glosses: Kumar[NOM]    ANAPH.GEN wife-DAT]    self-PL.GEN house-ACC] show-PST-3MSG
Translation: Literal: ‘Kumar showed self’s wife selves house.’ Reading: ‘Kumar showed his wife their house.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman-ŭkkŭ daan andæ teacher-ŭ kkŭ tann-æ puɖikk-aadŭ-nnŭ neneppŭ .
Glosses: Raman-DAT only that teacher-DAT ANAPH-ACC like-NEG-COM thinks
Translation: Literal: ‘Only Raman thinks the teacher doesn’t like self.’ Scenarios compatible with (72): ✔(70), ✔(71).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Takasi-dake-ga sensei-ga zibun-o suisen suru to omow-te iru .
Glosses: Takasi-only-NOM teacher-NOM ANAPH-ACC recommend do that think be
Translation: Only Takashi thinks the teacher will recommend self.’ BOUND-VARIABLE ✔: ∀x[Think(x, Recommend(iy.teacher(y), x)) → (x = Takashi)] STRICT ✔: ∀x[Think(x, Recommend(iy.teacher(y), Takashi)) → (x = Takashi)]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Avan tann-æ paar-tt-aan .
Glosses: he[SG.NOM] ANAPH-ACC see-PST-3MSG
Translation: Intended: ‘He saw himself.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Raman [ taan tann-æ paar-tt-aan-nnŭ] nenæ-čč-aan .
Glosses: Raman[NOM]  ANAPH[NOM] ANAPH-ACC see-PST-3MSG-COMP think-PST-3MSG
Translation: LITERAL: ‘Raman thought [ that self saw self].’ READING: ‘Raman thought [ that he saw himself].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Sri [Mia [ [ ta(a)n tann-æ aɖi-čč-adaagæ]] kanavuka-ɳɖ-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ] so-nn-aan .
Glosses: Sri Mia  ANAPH[NOM] ANAPH-ACC hit-PST-NMLZ dream-PST-3FSG-COMP say.3MSG
Translation: Literal: ‘Sri said [ that Mia dreamed [ of self hitting self]].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Sri [Mia [ avaɭ avan-æ aɖi-čč-adaagæ] kanavuka-ɳɖ-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ] so-nn-aan .
Glosses: Sri Mia  she[NOM] he-ACC hit-PST-NMLZ dream-PST-3FSG-COMP say.3MSG
Translation: Sri said [ that Mia dreamed [ that she hit him]].’ (81), as reported by Krishnan, is compatible with: ✔(79c).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Sri [Mia [ avan avaɭ-æ aɖi-čč-adaagæ] kanavuka-ɳɖ-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ] so-nn-aan .
Glosses: Sri Mia  he[NOM] her-ACC hit-PST-NMLZ dream-PST-3MSG-COMP say.3MSG
Translation: Sri said [ that Mia dreamed [ that he hit her]].’ (82), as reported by Krishnan, is compatible with: ✔(79d).
Language: Coyutla Totonac
Transcription: Raman [ [ Seetha tann-ooɖæ paɳatt-æ [ [ tan-akkŭ pakkatt-ŭlæ]] oɭi-čč-aaɭ-ŭnnŭ]] nenæ-čč-aan .
Glosses: Raman[NOM]  Seetha ANAPH-GEN money-ACC  ANAPH-DAT near-LOC hide-PST-3FSG-COMP think-PST-3MSG
Translation: Literal: ‘Raman thought [ [ pro that Seetha hid self’s cash [ [ pro near self]]]].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: K-en-cow so yuruma .
Glosses: 1+2O-see-TP.COLL COLL duck
Translation: The duck saw us[.incl].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tooto komo nî-wîn-tîka-cow .
Glosses: people COLL 3S-sleep-COMPL-TP+COLL
Translation: All the people went to sleep.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Pahxaxa amna ø-c-e-sî .
Glosses: tomorrow 1+3PRO 3S-go-SF.INP
Translation: Tomorrow we (excluding addressee) will go.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: áine ŋára
Glosses: woman that-SG
Translation: that woman
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: áine ŋára-di
Glosses: woman that-PL
Translation: those women
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: áine ŋara-dí-a-ru
Glosses: woman that-PL-LINKER-DL
Translation: those two women
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: an -i -ge
Glosses: [+author] PL [–participant]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: an -i
Glosses: [+author] PL
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: an -i -∅
Glosses: D PL [author, addressee]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ayer mi hermana fue capaz de solucionar el enigma .
Glosses: yesterday my sister was.PFV capable of solve the enigma
Translation: Yesterday my sister was capable of solving the enigma.