lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: duru=k 'ēn ma=n lumgav ne vōwal lumgav ne vōwal anē di ne laa-laka senē wo ne virig ma …
Glosses: 3DL=AOR see hither=ART young.man NUM one young.man NUM one DEM.ADDR.A 3SG AOR:3SG RED-dance MAN.DEM.ADDR and AOR:3SG rush hither …
Translation: Then the two spotted a young man. And the young man, he danced, and then (he) came over, [and sat down under the wild kava plant].'1.PALA.044–045
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: van ma din̄ ēn bē bē ne vōwal anē=n so-gi=n Bē'elmamgin .
Glosses: go hither reach ART water water NUM one DEM.ADDR.A=ART name-3SG=ART PLACE.NAME
Translation: Went here and reached a river. This (some) river, its name (is) Bē'elmamgin [lit. `Cold to dive water'].' AS.1.071–073
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: ote mu-n e ni'i-ren̄e anē ne ma' e duru=k 'ēn …eh=n 'ama-gi ne 'ēn gōr ēn ni'i-ren̄e anē vaavan 'e=n 'ama-gi anē ne ma'.
Glosses: mum POSS.GEN-CS PERS small-female DEM.ADDR.A AOR:3SG dead DISC 3DL=AOR see COR=ART father-3SG AOR:3SG see secure ART small-female DEM.ADDR.A RED-go DISC=ART father-3SG DEM.ADDR.A AOR:3SG dead
Translation: Then the mother of the little girl died. So her father looked after the little girl, on and on, and then her father died.' ANV.005–007
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: wo 'isim̄ēre anē ne 'an̄ vē'ē=n dudu vada ne vōwal .
Glosses: and firstborn DEM.ADDR.A AOR:3SG hand release=ART leaf pandanus NUM one
Translation: (The devil was then sucking in the sea again, and the sea current [that arose from that] brought the canoe [the two siblings are sitting in] ever closer to him.) So then the older sister let go of a pandanus leaf.'2.PALA.091
Language: Bislama
Transcription: duru=k wos ēn n̄ar wos ēn n̄ar anē dir'ōl da=n wig me big 'ō sa=n rōrō' ē alē duru=k wos ēn n̄ar .
Glosses: 3DL=AOR hammer ART canarium.nut hammer ART canarium.nut DEM.ADDR.A 3TL do=ART wig FUT eat carry EMPH=ART k.o.cabbage DEM.DIST INTERJ 3DL=AOR hammer ART canarium.nut
Translation: So they would smash up the canarium nuts. Smash up the canarium nuts to make wig (a kind of nalot (Bislama), i.e. K.o. pudding), which was to be had with that cabbage (that they had gotten earlier on). All right, so they smashed the canarium nuts (and then started making nalot).' AS.1.028–030
Language: Bislama
Transcription: wede di=m luwo di ne le=n nak susu ē .
Glosses: rain 3SG=TAM1 big 3SG AOR:3SG take=ART canoe RED-paddle DEM.DIST
Translation: Then the rain became big, and it took out that canoe.' JJQ.104–105
Language: Bislama
Transcription: ba di =m gis ēn menre kōlōv 'ar-'ara ē ne mul 'ō' lē =n lōlō im̄ē .
Glosses: but 3SG =TAM1 hold ART piece chipping RED-chop DEM.DIST AOR:3SG go carry LOC =ART iniside house
Translation: But he took a piece of that chipping, and took it home with himself.'JJQ.052
Language: Bislama
Transcription: laklaka ē=m van .
Glosses: dance DEM.DIST=TAM1 go
Translation: And then that dance happened.' ISWM.319
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: dir=m suō kal wal din̄ sar ma anē e Qo' ne lan̄ wōr wal ēn nak .
Glosses: 3PL=TAM1 paddle up once reach inland hither DEM.ADDR.A PERS PERS.NAME AOR:3SG slap split once ART canoe
Translation: And as they had just come up on the shore, Qo' smashed the canoe to pieces.' JJQ.257
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: alē duru=m inin va-van anē e Dōl so o no man qē'.
Glosses: INTERJ 3DL=TAM1 RED:drink RED-go DEM.ADDR.A PERS PERS.NAME QUOT INTERJ 1SG PFV finish
Translation: All right, so the two of them drank and drank until [up to this point, and then…] Dōl said: “I am done. (The kava has kicked in.)”' 1.AS.039–040
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: ba dir'ōl=s vanvan anē=n 'isim̄ēre mal lama'i so=n 'ama'.
Glosses: but 3TL=SIM RED:go DEM.ADDR.A=ART lastborn REM.PFV know CPL=ART devil
Translation: But as the three were walking along, the younger sister had already realised that is was a devil.' 2.PALA.018–019
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: so Qo' di ne sag 'i anē … di e lama'i ros so di me 'isiw siviē .
Glosses: ?? PERS.NAME 3SG AOR:3SG sit DEL DEM.ADDR.A _ 3SG NEG1 know NEG2 CPL 3SG FUT climb.down how
Translation: (And then they turned towards Gaua). But Qo', he was sitting up there, [that darag towla it is so big so] he didn’t know how to climb down.'JJQ.171–172
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: e Qo' ne sag rēn sag kēkē ē sag wo e raga 'i-'isi-gi anē van rōw lē=n vunuō .
Glosses: PERS PERS.NAME AOR:3SG sit stuck up above DEM.DIST sit and PERS HUM:PL RED-younger.same.sex.sibling-3SG DEM.ADDR.A go down LOC=ART village
Translation: So Qo' was now stuck up there (in the tree). Sat (there) while his brothers went down to the village. (They stole his wife and his canoe, and paddled off with it.)' JJQ.151–152
Language: Vera'a
Transcription: ge'ew'i ne wil 'alan̄ ēn nuō ē qē' duru=k vrig kal kēl lē=n lōlō vunu
Glosses: other AOR:3SG turn.over upside.down ART turtle DEM.DIST finish 3DL=AOR rush up back LOC=ART inside village
Translation: And then the other one turned the turtle over onto its back, and after that the two ran back up into the village.' GAQG.057–058
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: tu anging
Glosses: ART wind
Translation: the wind (e.g. which blew down my coconut palms.)
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: ni anging
Glosses: ART wind
Translation: the wind (e.g. which is blowing now.)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Tu ruma itu ancor lantaran da kena bom waktu prang .
Glosses: ART.D house that broken because PST affected bomb time war
Translation: That house is broken because it was bombed in the war.’ (PPB:2)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Tu parkara ini so lama nyanda klar-klar .
Glosses: ART.D issue DEM.P PFV long NEG solved
Translation: This issue has not been solved (lit. finished) for a long time.’ (PPB:62)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Kita so isi tu loto deng padi .
Glosses: 1SG PFV fill ART.D basket with rice
Translation: I have already filled the basket with rice.
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Kita so isi tu padi di loto .
Glosses: 1SG PFV fill ART.D rice at basket
Translation: I have already filled the rice with a basket.
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Tu anak pe gaga . depe mata basar deng depe mulu kacili .
Glosses: ART.D child POSS beautiful 3SG.POSS eyes big and 3SG.POSS mouth small
Translation: How beautiful the child is. Her eyes are big, and her eyes are big, and her mouth is small.’ (elicited)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Sayang ini pohon , depe ujung so potong .
Glosses: pity DEM.P tree 3SG.POSS tip PFV cut
Translation: (This) poor tree, the (its) top has been chopped off.’ (elicited)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Serta tu depe ubi milu deng sambiki so mandidi .
Glosses: after ART.D 3SG.POSS potato corn and pumpkin PFV boil
Translation: after the potato, corn and pumpkin are boiled.’ (elicited narrative, speaker D: 45)
Language: English
Transcription: Kita suka ayang pe kaki , mar nyanda suka depe dada .
Glosses: 1SG like chicken POSS leg but NEG . like 3SG.POSS breast
Translation: I like chicken leg meat, but not chicken breast meat.’ (elicited)
Language: English
Transcription: Bole pinjam tu _ ni pulpen
Glosses: may borrow ART.D / ART.P ballpoint.pen
Translation: May I borrow that ballpoint pen?’ (elicited)
Language: English
Transcription: Ada parampuang gaga deng dua anak da masuk ke satu ruangan . kita langsung tahu sapa tu parampuan itu .
Glosses: exist woman beautiful and two child PST enter to one room 1SG directly know who ART.D woman DEM.D
Translation: An elegant lady and two children came in the room. I immediately knew who the woman was.
Language: English
Transcription: Kita lebe suka Australia daripada Jepang karna depe sayur-sayur lebe sadap deng murah .
Glosses: 1SG more like Australia from Japan because 3SG.POSS vegetable.RED more tasty and cheap
Translation: I like Australia more than Japan, because vegetables there are tastier and cheaper.’ (elicited)
Language: English
Transcription: Kita baru pulang dari pesta kaweng . Depe broid ta pe tamang .
Glosses: 1SG just come.back from party wedding . 3SG.POSS bride 1SG POSS friend
Translation: I have just come back from a wedding party. The bride was a friend of mine.’ (elicited)
Language: English
Transcription: Depe cuaca bae .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS weather good
Translation: The weather is nice (today).’ (spontaneous utterance obtained from daily conversation)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Mantaap Beng pe besar-besar kang tu depe ubi
Glosses: great Beng very big.RED ITR ART.D 3SG.POSS yam
Translation: Great Beng the (lit. the its) potatoes are very big, aren’t they?
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Banyak tu depe batata ada panen .
Glosses: many ART.D 3SG.POSS sweet.potato PST harvest
Translation: Lots of the (lit. the its) sweet potatoes were harvested.
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Albert so nya mo pusing deng orang laeng pe emosi . So bagitu Albert pe kalakuan .
Glosses: Albert PFV NEG want bothered with person other POSS emotion PFV like.that Albert POSS behavior
Translation: Albert doesn’t want to be bothered with other people's feelings. The character of Albert is like that.’ (elicited)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Aa kase ancor bawang <me-> bawang putih so kase ancor ϕ lagi iris-iris ϕ lagi hh campur ϕ di tahu .
Glosses: ITJ CAUS crush onion <re-> onion white PFV CAUS crush _ again slice _ again ITJ mix _ at tofu
Translation: Aa…(she) crushes the onion…the garlic, after crushing, (she) will slice (it) and mix (it) with tofu.’ (speaker H 37–38)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Serta so ta-kaluar depe kuli , mo kupas lei tu sambiki .
Glosses: after PFV PASS-peel 3SG.POSS skin FUT peel again ART.D pumpkin
Translation: After all the peel has been removed, (then she) will peel the pumpkin, too.’ (H 13)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Skarang mo bekeng depe tahu . tahu taro di panci .
Glosses: now FUT do 3SG.POSS tofu tofu put at pan
Translation: Now (we) want to make the tofu. Put the tofu in the pan.’ (I 052)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Itu mo bekeng depe laburan .
Glosses: that FUT make 3SG.POSS sauce
Translation: There (she) is going to cook the (its) sauce’. (D 80)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Mo bekeng masakan nama-nya tinutuan .
Glosses: want make food name-3SG.POSS(BI) tinutuan
Translation: (She) wants to cook food named tinutuan.’ (Speaker H: 01)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Ado e pe sadap skali ini , aah ini batata , depe batata , depe ubi .
Glosses: ITJ ITJ ITJ delicious very this ITJ this sweet.potato, 3SG.POSS sweet.potato, 3SG.POSS yam
Translation: Oh, it is very delicious, this is sweet potato, the sweet potato, the yam.
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Aah sekarang depe batata mo di-kupas kase kaluar depe kuli .
Glosses: ITJ now 3SG.POSS sweet.potato FUT PASS-peel give go.out 3SG.POSS skin
Translation: Ah, now (she) is going to peel the potato, peel off the skin.’ (Speaker H: 11)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Pertama kase bersi tu bete , kupas depe kuli .
Glosses: first CAUS clean ART.D taro peel 3SG.POSS skin
Translation: First, clean the taro, and peel its skin.’ (Speaker I: 18)
Language: Manado Malay
Transcription: Kase ancor tu depe sambiki supaya dapa lia warna kuning .
Glosses: cause smash ART.D 3SG.POSS pumpkin so.that get see color yellow
Translation: (We) smashed the pumpkin, so that we could see the yellow color.’ (I 42)
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Engko sa mutang sa engko kén panak-mu-n-e .
Glosses: 2 PART MID.debt PART 2 to child-2-LIG-DEF
Translation: You still owe your son/daughter (a ritual).
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Saking engko dot [__ mati-ang oké]
Glosses: really 2SG want _ UV.dead-CAUS 1SG
Translation: You really want me to kill you?
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Glema-néné nagih [__ ngmati-ang i rangsasa].
Glosses: person-DEF want _ AV.dead-CAUS ART giant
Translation: This person wants to kill the giant.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: [[Buwin pidan]Foc [cening lakar mlali]IP]CP
Glosses: [[again when [kid FUT MID.go.sightseeing
Translation: When again will you go (there)?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [[(En) cening]Top , [buwin pidan]Foc [_ lakar mlali]IP]CP
Glosses: [[as.for kid [again when _ FUT MID.sightseeing
Translation: As for you, kid, when again will you go (there)?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Meme ibi ntakon [buwin mani apa [ia teka mai]IP]CP .
Glosses: mother yesterday AV.ask [again tomorrow if [3SG come here
Translation: Mother yesterday asked whether TOMORROW he would come here.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Iya]ContrTop , [[icang ba]ContrFoc_i [__i mehang nasi]IP]CP .
Glosses: [3SG [[]1SG PART [PIV AV.give rice
Translation: As for him, I am the one who provided meals.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Iya]ContrTop , [icang ba]ContrFoc_i [ane_i [_i mehang nasi]IP]CP .
Glosses: [3SG [1SG PART [REL [PIV AV.give rice
Translation: As for him, I am the one who provided meals.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Iya]ContrTop ane_i [icang ba]ContrFoc_i [_i mehang nasi]IP]CP .
Glosses: *[3SG REL 1SG PART PIV AV.give rice
Translation: As for him, I am the one who provided meals.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [En buat ngamah]Frame , [icang ba]ContrFoc mehang iya nasi .
Glosses: [if about AV.eat [1SG PART AV.give 3SG rice
Translation: As for eating needs, I am the person who gave him meals.
Language: Russian
Transcription: Maksím ubivájet Aleksé´j-a .
Glosses: Maxim.NOM kills Alex-ACC
Language: Russian
Transcription: A Víktor-a
Glosses: and Victor-ACC
Translation: And Victor?
Language: Russian
Transcription: Víktor-a Máksim zaščǐščajet .
Glosses: Victor-ACC Maxim.NOM defends
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Bakat tanah-e
Glosses: UV.obtain land-DEF
Translation: Did you get the land?
Language: Balinese
Transcription: [Ngara]Foc , [ngara]Foc bakat .
Glosses: [NEG [NEG UV.obtain
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Miasa: Tanah-anne Patra m-isi apa dowang
Glosses: Miasa: land-3SG.POSS Patra AV-contain what PART
Translation: What is Patra’s land planted with?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dora: Mara jani m-isi poh .
Glosses: Dora: new now AV-content mango
Translation: Young mango trees. It has just been planted with mangos.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Ngelah [panak]P]Emph .Foc [meme]A .Top [mara besik]P .NewFoc madan Butuh Dora .
Glosses: [AV.have [child [mother [[still one MID.name Butuh Dora
Translation: I (mother) gave birth to the first (lit. still one) child, named Butuh Dora.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ba kento [∅]A .Top buwin sa ngelah [panak]Foc , [∅]S .Top buwin [ninnya]Foc .
Glosses: after like.that _ again PART AV.have [child _ again [male
Translation: After that, I again gave birth to a child, (and) (he’s) again a baby boy.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Tau-tau [pipis-e]P .TOP [ngara setor=a ke kantor]FOC , [[juwang=a amah=a di jalan]CONTRFOC]NEWFOC [ento]P .PIV .TOP [ajak=a wakil prebekel-e]NEWFOC .
Glosses: know-RED [money-DEF [NEG transfer=3 to office [[UV.take=3 UV.eat=3 on road [that [accompany=3 deputy head.villate-DEF
Translation: Surprisingly, the money was [not transferred to the (Land) office]Foc, that (money) was [taken and eaten along the way]ContrFoc by him and the village head.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Ba ada [ukuran lima bulan]NewFoc [ubuwin]]Comment [kucit-e]P .Top , [mara ukuran setengah]ContrFoc [gede-n kucit-e]S .Top , [mati]ContrFoc [kucit-e]S .Top .
Glosses: [already exist [about five month [UV.look.after [piglet-DEF [just about half [size-NML piglet-DEF [die [piglet-DEF
Translation: Presumably, for about five months, I looked after the pig. The size of the pig’s body was about half the size of a mature one’s, (but) it died unexpectedly.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Nang , [ba tepud ba]ContrFoc [lakar baju-ne]S .Top .
Glosses: father [PERF done PART [material shirt-DEF
Translation: Father, it’s done, the material for the shirt.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Kene ojog=a masan parah=sen jeg apa ngara ngelah .
Glosses: like.this visit=3 time hard=very PART what NEG AV.have
Translation: The worst time hit hard at this time, I had NOTHING whatsoever.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Tut Sik , meme jeg dokter ba alih-ang di Jakula nto .
Glosses: Tut Sik mother PART doctor PART UV.find-APPL PREP place that
Translation: Tut Gasik, as for me (Mother), you just find a DOCTOR (nobody else) for me in Tejakula.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Gelema kalud ng-luyur ngara nyak pati me-gaé]Pred .ContrFoc , [sommah meme-né ento]S .Top .
Glosses: [person PART AV-wander NEG want ever AV-work [husband mother-POSS DEM
Translation: A person who’s wandering around, not wanting to work, my husband is.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Ba kento , behang=a meme jagung tigang atak , nunun ntas meme lakar baju , ba tepud ento … ba kento , jagung-e ento ada a=bulan tengah dahar…
Glosses: after that UV.give=3 mother corn three two.hundred AV.waive then mother material shirt PERF finish that _ PERF that corn-DEF that exist one=month half UV.eat
Translation: After that, I (mother) was given 600 ears of corns…I then waived shirt material; it was then done…after that, the 600 ears of corn were consumed in about one month and a half…
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Ngelah panak [meme]A .Top mara besik , madan Butuh Dora .
Glosses: AV.have child.P [mother still one MID.name B . Dora
Translation: I (mother) gave birth to my first child, named Butuh Dora.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Buina ngelah panak mara patpat kento teh , [nanang]A .PIV .TOP cahi-ne ngalih somah buwin .
Glosses: moreover AV.have child.P still four like.that PART [father 2SG-DEF AV.take wife.P again
Translation: In addition, when I had given birth to four children, your father took another wife.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Ba keto mara [tiyang]A .Piv .Top_i ngelah panak siya .
Glosses: after that just [1SG AV.have child nine . 
Translation: Then, after, I gave birth to a total of nine children.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: [∅]A .Piv .Top Ba nau ne ba .
Glosses: [i PERF happy this PERF
Translation: I was already happy.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: [∅]A .Piv .Top Ba lupa [∅]A .Piv .Top ba ngucapang …
Glosses: [i PERF forget [i PERF AV.mention …
Translation: I forgot to mention (something).
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Ada [tutur-an satua]NewTop , madan I Bapa Sedok .
Glosses: exist [tell-NML story MID.call ART Father Sedok
Translation: There is a story often talked about called I Bapa Sedok.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Ada nak nimbalin , Sumarwi adan-anne neh nimbalin .
Glosses: exist person AV.replace Sumarwi name-POSS REL AV.replace
Translation: There’s a person reimbursing (the money); Sumarwi is the name of the person who reimbursed the money.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: ‘Tawah [I Sapin-e ento]_i . [[panak[-a]_i ]_j ngara gaen-ang[=a]A_i banten behan ∅S_i ngara ngelah , orahhang[=a]A_i aget=se …’ kento [iya]S .Top_k m-peta , [madu-n-né ento]Top_k .
Glosses: ‘strange [ART Sapin-DEF that [[child-3 _ NEG make-APPL=3 ritual because _ NEG AV.have say=3 lucky=PART _ like.that [3SG AV-mention [co-wife-LIG-3POSS DET
Translation: Sapin_i was strange. [Her_i child]_j. She_i didn’t make any ritual
Language: English
Transcription: Ba kento mara [meme]A .Top_i ngelah panak patpat ,
Glosses: after that just.after [mother AV.have child four
Translation: Then, after, I (mother) gave birth to four children,
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Madu-telu-ang[=a]A .Top2_j [meme]P .Top1 .
Glosses: co-wife-CAUS=3 [mother
Translation: I was made one of his three wives.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: [Meme]P .Top_i ngara ajak=a ng-(g)ellah-ang tanah warisan di Pramboan mapan [iya ba]Top_j , [somah-anne senikan ento]P_j ajak=a .
Glosses: [mother NEG invite=3 AV-own-APPL land inheritance in Pramboan since [3SG EMPH [wife-3SG.POSS younger that UV.invite=3
Translation: [I (mother)] was not invited to share the inherited land in
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Ne]Top [cahi]A .Piv .Foc ba ngelahang . Ne ngara ukur Bapak ne .
Glosses: this 2SG PART AV.have.APPL this NEG UV.measure father this
Translation: As for this piece of land, YOU are the one who owns (it). This one, I didn’t measure it.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: [Beli Dora]_i , nang tua jua ng-adep-in iya_i nyuh pluk_kutus puhun .
Glosses: [Beli Dora father old PART AV-sell-APPL 3SG coconut eighteen trees
Translation: As for Brother Dora, it was uncle who sold eighteen coconut trees to him.
Language: Austronesian
Transcription: [Behas]P .ContrTop , [iya]A .Piv .ContrFoc ane lakar meli-ang .
Glosses: [rice [3SG REL FUT AV.buy-APPL
Translation: As for rice, he is the one who will buy it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Ne]Top [cahi]A .Piv .Foc ba ane ngelahang .
Glosses: [this [2SG PART REL AV.have.APPL
Translation: This (land), YOU are the one who owns (it).
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [Ne]Top ba [cahi]A .Piv (ba) ane ngelahang .
Glosses: [this PART [2SG (PART REL AV.have.APPL
Translation: THIS (LAND), YOU are the one who owns (it).
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Men Sugih ngalih Men Tiwas .
Glosses: Men Sugih AV.look.for Men Tiwas
Translation: Men Sugih looked for Men Tiwas.
Language: Balinese
Transcription: Nyen ngalih Men Tiwas
Glosses: who AV.look.for Men Tiwas
Translation: Who looked for Men Tiwas?
Language: Balinese
Transcription: [Nyen]Foc_ji [Men Tiwas]Top [_j ngalih __i]
Glosses: [who [Men Tiwas [A.PIV AV.look.for P.OBJECT
Translation: i) ‘Who was looking for Men Tiwas?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ba kento [ditu sa]Frame_i [meme]S .Top bareng megae [di Butuh Catra-ne ento]_i .
Glosses: after like.that [there PART [mother together MID.work [at Butuh Catra-DEF that
Translation: After that, THERE at Butuh Catra’s place (i.e. not at other places), I (mother) work together.
Language: English
Transcription: [ngara]Foc , [ngara]Foc bakat .
Glosses: [NEG [NEG UV.obtain
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kucit-e ngara mati ulihan nyai .
Glosses: piglet-DEF NEG die because.of 2SG.F
Translation: i. ‘The piglet was not dead because of you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kucit-e mati ngara ulihan nyai .
Glosses: piglet-DEF NEG die because.of 2SG.F
Translation: * i. ‘The piglet was not dead because of you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ento kucit mati kinnya behan sakiten; [ngara [ulihan nyai]]Foc kada mati .
Glosses: that piglet dead because by sickness [NEG [because.of 2SG.F make dead
Translation: The piglet died because of its sickness; not because of you, (the thing that) caused its death.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Budi luwas ke gunung ngalih sela , [nyuh]ContrFoc ngara ngelah .
Glosses: want go to mountain AV.get sweet.potato [coconuts NEG AV.have
Translation: I was going to go to the mountain to trade for sweet potatoes, but, as for COCONUTS, I didn’t have any.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Mel meng-ambil kimono .
Glosses: Mel MEN-fetch kimono
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Sepasang suami istri yang sedang pergi ke tahlilan keluarga di Cirebon di-serang oleh geng motor .
Glosses: one.couple husband wife REL in.process go to tahlilah family LOC Cirebon DI-attack by gang motor
Translation: A husband and wife, who went to a family tahlilan event in Cirebon, were attacked by a motorcycle gang.’ (, Indosiar, 9/11/2015)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Babu itu me-lihat air yang berkilauan . … Kemudian di-ambil-nya abu , di-siram-kan pada air kencing dan …
Glosses: maid that MEN-see water REL BER-shine … _ then DI-get-3SG ash DI-pour-APPL LOC water urine and
Translation: The maid looked at the shining liquid. […]. Then she took some ashes and sprinkled (them) on the urine and […].’ (Pramoedya Ananta ; cited in ; translation from )
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: Di-cuci-nya muka-nya , kemudian di-lap-nya kering-kering , lalu kembali ke kamar-nya .
Glosses: DI-wash-3SG face-3SG then DI-wipe-3SG dryly then return to room-3SG
Translation: Shei washed her facej, shei wiped [ ]j dry, then [ ]i returned to her room.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Ku-guyur seluruh tubuh-ku dengan air dari keran wudu .
Glosses: 1SG-pour.water entire body-1SG with water from tap wudu
Translation: I poured water on my body with water from the wudu tap.
Language: English
Transcription: Mereka me-ngurung-nya di dalam sel , meng-ganti pakaian-nya dengan seragam hitam bau kapur barus dan lemari kayu , me-ringkuk di satu dipan meng-hadap-i susu hangat yang tak di-cecap-nya , meng-hadap-i sepiring nasi ikan tongkol yang tak di-lumat-nya .
Glosses: 3PL MEN-cage-3SG LOC inside cell MEN-change clothes-3SG with uniform black smell chalk barus.tree and wardrobe wood MEN-curl.up LOC one wooden.bed MEN-face-APPL milk warm REL NEG DI-taste-3SG MEN-face-APPL one.plate rice fish tuna REL NEG DI-devour-3SG
Translation: Theyi put himj in a cell, [ ]i changed hisj clothes into a black uniform smelling of mothballs and wooden wardrobe, [ ]j curled up on a wooden bed [ ]j facing (a glass of) warm milk hej didn’t drink, [ ]j facing a plate of tuna rice hej didn’t devour.’ (; my translation)
Language: English
Transcription: meng-hadap-i susu hangat yang tak di-cecap-nya
Glosses: MEN-face-APPL milk warm REL NEG DI-taste-3SG
Translation: face (a glass of) warm milk he didn’t drink
Language: English
Transcription: meng-hadap-i sepiring nasi ikan tongkol yang tak di-lumat-nya
Glosses: MEN-face-APPL one.plate rice fish tuna REL NEG DI-devour-3SG
Translation: face a plate of tuna rice that he didn’t devour
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Maesa Dewii me-lihat bayangan cemerlangj yang tak di-kenal-i-nyai , me-mancar mem-beri silau kepada mata-nya , men-desak-nyai ke belakang dan suatu benturan meng-hantam kepala-nyai saat itu []i me-nentang dinding pintu di belakang , []j meng-henti-kan-nyai sejenak sebelum []i me-rosot dan tumbang ke lantai .
Glosses: Maesa Dewi MEN-see shadow brilliant REL NEG DI-recognise-APPL-3SG MEN-shine MEN-give blinding toward eye-3SG MEN-force-3SG to back and INDEF knock MEN-whack head-3SG moment that _ MEN-hit wall door LOC back _ MEN-stop-APPL-3SG for.a.moment before _ MEN-slide.down and collapse to floor
Translation: Maesa Dewii saw a luminous shadowj, which shei did not recognise, [ ]j shone brightly, giving her eyes a blinding light, [ ]j pushed heri backwards and a knock hit her head at that moment (until) [ ]i knocked the back door, [ ]j stopped her momentarily before [ ]i slid down and [ ]i fell to the floor.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tiba-tiba Novel di-datang-i dua orang bersepeda motor dan langsung me-nyiram-nya dengan air keras . Novel lalu berteriak dengan sekencang-kencangnya .
Glosses: suddenly-RDP Novel DI-come-APPL two person on.bicyle motor and immediately MEN-pour-3SG with water hard Novel then scream with as.loud.as.possible-RDP
Translation: Suddenly Noveli was approached by two peoplej on a motorbike and [ ]j threw acid on himi. Novel screamed as loudly as he could.’ (, Aiman, Kompas TV, 3 July 2017)
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Almashirai mem-buka gorden biru muda bermotif vineyard , me-natap-i tetes hujan deras yang mem-basah-i jendela kamar-nya yang ter-letak di tempat yang paling private di rumah-nya , alias di loteng . Di-ambil-nyai sweter-nyaj yang gombrong dan nyaman , lalu me-makai-kan-nyaj di tubuh-nya yang langsing .
Glosses: Almashira MEN-open curtain blue light have.pattern vineyard MEN-gaze-APPL drop rain hard REL MEN-wet-APPL window bedroom-3SG REL TER-position LOC place REL most private LOC house-3SG none.other.than LOC upstairs DI-get-3SG sweater-3SG REL loose and comfortable then MEN-put.on-APPL-3SG LOC body-3SG REL slim
Translation: Almashirai opened the light blue curtain with a vineyard motif, stared at the raindrops falling on the window of her bedroom which is located in the most private section of her house, namely upstairs. Shei grabbed her loose and comfortable sweaterj, and put itj on her slim body.
Language: English
Transcription: Rosna me-langkah ke dalam , mem-buka pintu tengah , lalu pergi menuju kamar mandi setelah ia meng-ambil handuk yang ter-gantung di sampiran . Di-cuci-nya muka-nya , kemudian di-lap-nya kering-kering , lalu kembali ke kamar-nya .
Glosses: Rosna MEN-step to inside MEN-open door middle then go toward room bath after 3SG MEN-fetch towel REL TER-hang LOC clothes.line DI-wash-3SG face-3SG then DI-wipe-3SG dryly then return to room-3SG
Translation: Rosna stepped inside, opened the door in the middle (of the room), and then headed towards the bathroom after she fetched a towel that was hanging on the rail. She washed her facei, then she wiped [ ]j dry, after which [ ]i returned to her room.
Language: English
Transcription: Ia mengambil sweter-nyaj yang gombrong dan nyaman , lalu me-makai-kan-nyaj di tubuh-nya yang langsing .
Glosses: 3SG MEN-take sweater-3SG REL loose and comfortable then MEN-put.on-APPL-3SG LOC body-3SG REL slim
Translation: She grabbed her loose and comfortable sweater, and put it on her slim body.’ (adapted from )
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ia men-cuci muka-nya , kemudian me-lap kering-kering , lalu kembali ke kamar-nya .
Glosses: 3SG MEN-wash face-3SG then MEN-wipe-3SG dryly-RDP then return to room-3SG
Translation: Shei washed her facej, then wiped [ ]j dry, after which [ ]i returned to her room.’ (adapted from )
Language: Standard Malay
Transcription: Cowok berparas kutu buku ini tertegun me-lihat salah .satu potongan gambar yang terasa begitu familiar di ingatan-nya . Perlahan di-pungut-nyai ujung kertas itu , me-natap-i-nyaj lama dengan berbagai luapan emosi bermain di refleksi mata-nya yang nanar .
Glosses: guy have.the.look lice book this stunned MEN-see one.of cut picture REL feel so familiar LOC memory.3SG slowly DI-pick.up-3SG corner paper that MEN-stare.at-APPL-3SG long with various explosion emotion play LOC reflection eye-3SG REL wild
Translation: This guy with the bookish face was stunned (at) seeing a piece of a picture which felt so familiar in his memory. Slowly he picked up the corner of the paper, [ ] stared at it for a long time with all sorts of emotions reflecting in his wild eyes.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ia paling-kan wajah-nya .
Glosses: 3SG turn.away-APPL face-3SG
Translation: She turned away.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Cincin-cincin tersebut iai cuci dengan sisa air , dan me-nelan-nyaj kembali .
Glosses: ring-RDP aforementioned 3SG wash with leftover water and MEN-swallow-3SG again
Translation: She washed the rings with the remaining water, and [ ]i swallowed themj again.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ia telah me-ngemas semua barang-barang-nya , dengan harapan jika ia pergi me-ninggalkan-nya , semua dalam keadaan rapi . Buku-buku yang semula berserakan di atas tempat tidur , meja dan lantai ia masukkan ke dalam kotak kardus dan me-numpuk-nya rapi di sudut kamar .
Glosses: 3SG PERF MEN-pack all belonging-RDP-3SG with hope if 3SG go MEN-leave-3SG/PL all LOC condition neat book-RDP REL previously scattered LOC top place sleep table and floor 3SG put.in to inside box cardboard and MEN-stack.up-3SG/PL neat LOC corner room
Translation: He has packed up all his belongings, with the hope that if he has to go away leaving them behind, all would be in a neat condition. He put the books which were lying on the bed, table and floor in cardboard boxes and [ ] stacked them up neatly in the corner of the room.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: ang matangkad na dalaga
Glosses: NOM tall LNK girl
Translation: the tall girl
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Matangkad ang dalaga .
Glosses: tall NOM girl
Translation: The girl is tall.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: K<in>áin-∅ ni Juan ang tokwa .
Glosses: <BEG>eat-PV GEN Juan NOM tofu
Translation: Juan ate the tofu.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: K<in>áin-∅ ang tokwa .
Glosses: <BEG>eat-PV NOM tofu
Translation: The tofu was eaten.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: K<um>áin ng tokwa si Juan .
Glosses: <AV.BEG>eat GEN tofu NOM Juan
Translation: Juan ate tofu.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: K<um>áin si Juan .
Glosses: <AV.BEG>eat NOM Juan
Translation: Juan ate.
Language: English
Transcription: Abogado si Jojo .
Glosses: lawyer NOM Jojo
Translation: Jojo is a lawyer.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: K<um>a∼káin ang laláki .
Glosses: <AV>IMPRF∼eat NOM man
Translation: The man is eating.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Laláki ang k<um>a∼káin .
Glosses: man NOM <AV>IMPRF∼eat
Translation: The eating one is a man.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [Sa Manila]FOC=ka=ba p<um>unta
Glosses: [OBL Manila=2S.NOM=QM <AV.PRF>go
Translation: Did you go to MANILA?' (`Was it to Manila that you went?')
Language: English
Transcription: [Sa Naga], p<um>unta=ka=ba
Glosses: [OBL Naga <AV.PRF>go=2S.NOM=QM
Translation: To Naga, did you go (there) already?
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Presiden (saja) bisa menilai kinerja menteri .
Glosses: president (*only can AV:evaluate output minister
Translation: A president can evaluate a minister's output.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Presiden saja yang bisa menilai kinerja menteri .
Glosses: president only RELT can AV:evaluate output minister
Translation: Only a president can evaluate a minister's output.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Presiden bisa menilai kinerja menteri saja .
Glosses: president can AV:evaluate output minister only
Translation: A president can only evaluate a minister's output.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Si Juan ang mag-da∼dala ng bag mo .
Glosses: NOM Juan NOM AV-IMPRF∼carry GEN bag 2SG.GEN
Translation: JUAN will carry your bag.' (Lit. `Juan will be the one to carry your bag.')
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: Sino ang d<um>ating
Glosses: who NOM <AV.BEG>arrive
Translation: Who arrived?
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: D<um>ating ang guro .
Glosses: <AV.BEG>arrive NOM teacher
Translation: The teacher arrived.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Siapa yang datang
Glosses: who RELT arrive
Translation: Who arrived?
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Datang abang-nya ...
Glosses: arrive elder.brother-3S.GEN
Translation: His brother arrived…' (Hikayat Pahang 128:9)
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Si Boyeti ang [p<um>atay [Si] kay Juan].
Glosses: NOM Boyet NOM <AV>kill _ OBL Juan
Translation: The who killed Juan is Boyet.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Ano ang g<in>a∼gawa=mo
Glosses: what NOM <BEG>IMPRF∼do.PV=2S.GEN
Translation: What are you doing?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hindi[=ko]=siya kaibigan[=ko].
Glosses: NEG=1S.GEN=3S.NOM friend=1S.GEN
Translation: He is not a friend of mine.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hindi[=ko] siya ang kaibigan[=ko].
Glosses: NEG=1S.GEN 3S.NOM NOM friend=1S.GEN
Translation: He is not the friend of mine.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Na-dapa[=ko] ang kapatid[=ko].
Glosses: BEG-fall=1S.GEN NOM sibling=1S.GEN
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: rumah (yang) besar
Glosses: house (RELT big
Translation: big house
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: (yang) ini
Glosses: (RELT this
Translation: this one
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: bahay (na) malaki
Glosses: house *(LNK big
Translation: big house
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: (na) ito
Glosses: (*LNK this
Translation: this
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: TP[DP[VP[Menilai kinerja mentri] itu] susah].
Glosses: TP[DP[VP[AV:evaluate output minister that difficult
Translation: Evaluating the output of ministers is difficult.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yang menilai kinerja menteri adalah Presiden .
Glosses: RELT AV:evaluate output minister COP president
Translation: (The one) who evaluates the output of a minister is the president.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Dia adalah yang di-tua-kan di antara sesamanya .
Glosses: 3S COP RELT PV-old-APPL PREP among colleague
Translation: It's him who is treated as an elder among colleagues.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Siapa (adalah) yang di-tua-kan
Glosses: who (*COP RELT PV-old-APPL
Translation: Who is treated as an elder?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Yang di-tua-kan (adalah) siapa
Glosses: RELT PV-old-APPL (COP who
Translation: The one treated as an elder is who?
Language: English
Transcription: He which that hath the shortest shall beginne .
Glosses: he RELT.PRON COMP has the shortest shall begin
Translation: He who has the shortest shall begin.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ku∼kun-in ko bukas ang hindì mo k<in>ain-∅ kahapon .
Glosses: IMPRF∼take-PV 1S.GEN tomorrow NOM NEG 2S.GEN <BEG>eat-PV yesterday
Translation: I will take tomorrow what you didn't eat yesterday.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Moal aja deui hajam (a)nu bisa hibar lapas .
Glosses: NEG EXT anymore chicken RELT can fly fast
Translation: In no case are there anymore chickens which can fly fast.
Language: Sundanese
Transcription: I sire apan məm-pangasi' su səngkamisa naḷiu e , niuntung bue .
Glosses: PM 3P what:LNK AV-plant.rice in one.week past DET lucky EMPH
Translation: They who planted rice last week, are lucky.
Language: Kulawi
Transcription: Ba bangkele to na-mate
Glosses: QM woman RELT PRF-die
Translation: Was it a woman who died?
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Ma-polos tuu' a sengke'-ku .
Glosses: INTR.I-hurt very ART back-1S
Translation: My back really hurts.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Boit-i-on a piso'-muu kabai sobii
Glosses: sharpen-APP-PV.I ART knife-2P or let.it.be
Translation: Should your knife be sharpened or shall we just leave it?
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: ...raaya'a a mam-bayar .
Glosses: ...3P ART AV.I-pay
Translation: …they were the ones who paid.
Language: Balantak
Transcription: Ai ime a men mae'
Glosses: EMPH.ART who ART RELT go
Translation: Who is going?
Language: Balantak
Transcription: Pi-pii takalan a (men) ala-on-muu
Glosses: RED-how.many liter ART RELT take-PV.I-2P
Translation: How many liters will you take?
Language: Balantak
Transcription: Pi-pii takalan (men) ala-on-muu
Glosses: *RED-how.many liter RELT take-PV.I-2P
Translation: How many liters will you take?
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Guro ako .
Glosses: teacher 1S.NOM
Translation: I am a teacher.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Matangkad ako .
Glosses: tall 1S.NOM
Translation: I am tall.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Iyan ang problema .
Glosses: that.NOM NOM problem
Translation: That's the problem.' (Lit. `The problem is that.')
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Ako ang guro .
Glosses: 1S NOM teacher
Translation: I am the teacher.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Ako iyan .
Glosses: 1S.NOM that.NOM
Translation: That's me.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Siya ang problema .
Glosses: 3S.NOM NOM problem
Translation: S/he's the problem.' (Lit. `The problem is s/he.')
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Ako siya .
Glosses: 1S.NOM 3S.NOM
Translation: S/he's me.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Iyan si Boboy .
Glosses: that.NOM NOM Boboy
Translation: That's Boboy.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Si Boboy iyan .
Glosses: NOM Boboy that.NOM
Translation: That's Boboy.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [Ang lalaki] ang na-kita ng babae .
Glosses: NOM man NOM NVOL.PV-see GEN woman
Translation: The man is who the woman saw.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [Ang na-kita ng babae] ang lalaki .
Glosses: NOM NVOL.PV-see GEN woman NOM man
Translation: The man is who the woman saw.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: A: Sino ang guro
Glosses: A: who.NOM NOM teacher
Translation: Who is the teacher?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: B: Ako ang guro .
Glosses: B: 1S.NOM NOM teacher
Translation: I am the teacher.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: A: Sino=ka
Glosses: A: who.NOM=2S.NOM
Translation: Who are you?
Language: Maranao
Transcription: M<iy>a-ilay=ako=ngka .
Glosses: <PRF>PV.NVOL-see=1S.NOM=2S.GEN
Translation: You saw me.
Language: Maranao
Transcription: M<iy>a-ilay=ngka=siran .
Glosses: <PRF>PV.NVOL-see=2S.GEN=3P.NOM
Translation: You saw them.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Serigala bisa membunuh orang .
Glosses: wolf can AV:kill person
Translation: Wolves can kill people
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Aku guru-nya .
Glosses: 1S teacher-DEF
Translation: I'm the teacher.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Hindi s<in>ulat ng babae kay Lisa ang isa-ng liham .
Glosses: NEG <UV.RLS>write GEN woman DAT Lisa NOM one-LK letter
Translation: The woman did not write a certain letter to Lisa.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Hindi s<um>ulat [ng liham] kay Lisa [ang babae].
Glosses: NEG <AV.RLS>write [GEN letter DAT Lisa [NOM woman
Translation: The woman did not write a(ny) letter/letters to Lisa.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Hindi s<in>ulat [ng babae] kay Lisa [ang liham].
Glosses: NEG <UV.RLS>write [GEN woman DAT Lisa [NOM letter
Translation: The woman did not write the letter/a (certain) letter to Lisa.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: S<in>ulat-an ng babae ng liham si Lisa .
Glosses: <UV.RLS>write‐GV GEN woman GEN letter NOM Lisa
Translation: The woman wrote Lisa a/the letter/letters.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: I‐s<in>ulat ng babae ang pangalan ni Lisa sa papel .
Glosses: TV-<UV.RLS>write GEN woman NOM name GEN Lisa DAT paper
Translation: The woman wrote Lisa’s name on (the) paper.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: I-p<in>an‐sulat ng babae kay Lisa ng liham ang lapis mo .
Glosses: IV-APPL_INSTR<UV.RLS>-write GEN woman DAT Lisa GEN letter NOM pencil your
Translation: The woman wrote the/a letter/letters to Lisa with your pencil.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: T<um>akot sa mga babae si Lena .
Glosses: <AV.RLS>scare DAT PL woman NOM Lena
Translation: Intended: `Lena scared the women.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: T<in>akot ni Lena ang isa-ng babae .
Glosses: <UV.RLS>scare GEN Lena NOM ONE-LK woman
Translation: Lena scared a woman.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Kay Angel , ang multo ay ang pagiging alipin sa alak at sigarilyo .
Glosses: DAT Angel, NOM ghost INV NOM developing slave DAT alcohol and cigarette
Translation: For Angel, the ghost is the developing addiction to alcohol and cigarettes.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [Kay Sylvia ,] t<um>a-takot [sa kaniya] [ang pagpapalaglag sa kanya-ng magiging anak].
Glosses: [DAT Sylvia <AV.RLS>IPFV.scare [DAT her [NOM abortion DAT her-LK developing child
Translation: As for Sylvia, the abortion of her developing child scares (is haunting) her.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Sabat naman ni Executive Sec . Ronaldo Zamora , t<in>a-takot lang ng rallies ang mga negosyante .
Glosses: answer likewise GEN Executive Sec . Ronaldo Zamora <UV>IPFV-scare just GEN rallies NOM PL negotiators
Translation: According to Executive Sec. Ronaldo Zamora, the rallies just frighten the negotiators/businessmen.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Hindi totoo-ng t<um>a-takot [ng mga negosyante] [ang rallies].
Glosses: Not true-LK <AV.RLS>IPFV-scare [GEN PL negotiator [NOM rallies
Translation: It is not true that the rallies frighten the negotiators/businessmen.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Ang t<um>a-takot [sa kanila], [yung pananatili ni Erap sa puwesto].
Glosses: NOM <AV.RLS>IPFV-scare [DAT them [NOM staying GEN Erap DAT spot
Translation: What scares them is Erap’s staying on his spot.
Language: English
Transcription: Nag-hi-hintay [sa akin] sa gubat [ang nagiisa-ng tao-ng puwede ko-ng pa-kita-an ng tunay na ako – si Gale].
Glosses: AV.RLS-IPFV-wait [DAT 1SG DAT forest [NOM alone-LK man-LK can 1SG.GEN-LK CAUS-visible-LV GEN true LK 1SG.NOM _ NOM Gale
Translation: Waiting for me in the woods is the only person I can show
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Dapat ba-ng mag-bigay ng pera sa mga guro
Glosses: should Q-LK AV-give GEN money DAT PL teacher
Translation: Should one give money to the teachers?
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Hinde , mag-bigay ka na_lang [ng KENDI] [sa mga BATA].
Glosses: NEG AV-give 2SG.NOM only [GEN candy [DAT PL child
Translation: No, (you) just give CANDY to the KIDS.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: K<in>a-usap ng bawat propeso ang mga estudyante , di ba
Glosses: <UV>COM-speak GEN each professor NOM PL student, NEG Q
Translation: Each professor spoke with the students, right?
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Hindi . Hindi k<in>a-usap ang mga estudyante ni [PROPESOR MARTINEZ].
Glosses: NEG NEG <UV>COM-speak NOM PL student GEN [Prof . Martinez
Translation: No. PROFESSOR MARTINEZ did NOT speak with the students.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [Si Peter]CTOPIC ay nag-ba-basa [ng LIBRO mo].
Glosses: [NOM Peter INV AV.RLS-IPFV-read [GEN book 2SG.GEN
Translation: PETER is reading your BOOK.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Ang libro mo ay nag-ba-basa nito si Peter .
Glosses: NOM book your INV <AV.RLS>read this.GEN NOM Peter
Translation: Intended: `The book, Peter is reading it.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [Si Peter] ay b<in>asa [ang libro mo]TOP .
Glosses: [NOM Peter INV <UV.RLS>read [NOM book your
Translation: PETER read your book.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Ang libro mo ay nag-basa si Peter .
Glosses: NOM book your INV <AV.RLS>read NOM Peter
Translation: Intended: `Peter read the BOOK.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Kahapon ay nag‐basa ng libro mo si Peter .
Glosses: yesterday INV AV.RLS‐read GEN book your NOM Peter
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: T<um>awa siya sa kaniya kahapon .
Glosses: <AV.RLS>laugh 3SG.NOM DAT 3SG.OBL yesterday
Translation: She laughed at him yesterday.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Kahapon siya t<um>awa sa kaniya .
Glosses: yesterday 3SG.NOM <AV.RLS>laugh DAT 3SG.OBL
Translation: It was yesterday that she laughed at him.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Sa kaniya siya t<um>awa kahapon .
Glosses: DAT 3SG.OBL 3SG.NOM <AV.RLS>laugh yesterday
Translation: It was at him that she laughed yesterday.
Language: English
Transcription: T<um>a-tawa siya .
Glosses: <AV.RLS>IPFV-laugh 3SG.NOM
Translation: He was laughing.
Language: English
Transcription: Siya ang t<um>a-tawa .
Glosses: 3SG.NOM NOM <AV.RLS>IPFV-laugh
Translation: He was the one laughing.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[Ang mga pusa]CTOPIC ay [g<um>a-gawa ng mga wala-ng kabuluha-ng bagay]]~.
Glosses: [[NOM PL cat INV [<AV.RLS>IPFV-do GEN PL NEG-LK sense-LK thing
Translation: Cats do a lot of things without sense.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[Um-a-akyat] [sila]TOP [sa mga kurtina]]~
Glosses: [[AV-IPFV-climb [3PL.NOM [DAT PL curtain
Translation: They climb up on curtains,
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: at [[nag-da-dala ng mga daga sa bahay]]~.
Glosses: and [[AV.RLS-IPFV-carry GEN PL mouse DAT house
Translation: and bring home mice.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [Kung may pagkakataon ,] [[nang-hu-huli] rin [sila]TOP [ng malaki-ng daga]]~.
Glosses: [if EXIST opportunity, [[AV.RLS-IPFV-catch also [3PL.NOM [GEN big-LK mouse
Translation: Cats also catch big mice (= rats), when there is an opportunity.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [Hindi lang [ang mga oso at lobo] ang na-nakot at nag-hu-huli [ng mga daga]TOP]~.
Glosses: [NEG only [NOM PL bear and wolf NOM AV.RLS.scare and AV.RLS-IPFV-catch [GEN PL rat
Translation: It is not only bears and wolves that threaten and catch rats.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[Ang mga pusa] din ay h<in>u-huli [sila]TOP]~.
Glosses: [[NOM PL cat also INV <UV.RLS>-IPFV-catch [3PL.NOM
Translation: Cats also catch them.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[Ang mga pusa]CTOPIC (rin) ay [nang-hu-huli at nag-ka-kain] [ng mga daga]TOP]~.
Glosses: [[NOM PL cat (also) INV [AV.RLS-IPFV-catch and AV.RLS-IPFV-eat [GEN PL rat
Translation: Cats (also) catch and eat rats.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[Delikado at ma-stress] [ang buhay ng mga daga]TOP]~.
Glosses: [Dangerous and stressful [NOM life GEN PL rats
Translation: The life of rats is stressful and dangerous.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[Ni-ni-nerbyos] [sila]TOP]~
Glosses: [[UV.RLS-IPFV-nervous [3PL.NOM
Translation: They are made nervous
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: at [[nag-kakasakit]]~
Glosses: and [[AV.RLS-become.sick
Translation: and become sick,
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[gawa ng ingay ng trapik]]~.
Glosses: [[done GEN noise GEN traffic
Translation: due to the noise of the traffic.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: At [[ang ating mga alagang pusa]CTOPIC ay [h<um>u-huli] rin [ng daga]TOP]~
Glosses: and [[NOM our PL pet cat INV [<AV.RLS>IPFV-catch also [GEN rat
Translation: And also our domestic cats catch rats,
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[kapag may pagkakataon]]~.
Glosses: [[if exist chance
Translation: when they get the chance.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: [[h<in>u-huli] rin [ang mga daga]TOP [ng mga pusa]CTOPIC]~.
Glosses: [[<UV.RLS>IPFV-catch also [NOM PL rat [GEN PL cat
Translation: Also cats catch rats.