lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Gurindji Kriol
Transcription: An\tnyanuny\tlidlwan\tngakparn\tboiwan\ti\tbin\ttop\tmarrat .
Glosses: and\t3SG.DAT\tlittle-NMLZ\tfrog\tmale-NMLZ\t3SG.SBJ\tPST\tbe\tmarry
Translation: And his little male frog was married.
Language: Gurindji Kriol
Transcription: Dij\tkarntingkama\tdei\tbin\tfaindim\tngakparn\tan\tnyanuny\twaip\tnyantu ,\tgelwan\tngakparn .
Glosses: this\tbranch-LOC-TOP\t3PL.SBJ\tPST\tfind-TR\tfrog\tand\t3SG.DAT\twife\t3SG\tfemale-NMLZ\tfrog
Translation: They found the frog and his wife, a female frog, under the log.
Language: Michif
Transcription: Li\tmaal\tshevr\tniikaaniiw\tpur\tlii\tmutuun .
Glosses: DEF.ART.M.SG\tmale\tgoat\tbe.ahead-3\tfor\tART.PL\tsheep
Translation: The billy goat leads the sheep.
Language: Kriol
Transcription: stori/tori;\tstreit/treit;\tstilimbat/tilimbat
Glosses: story\tstraight\tsteal-TR-PROG/steal-TR-PROG
Translation: story; straight; stealing
Language: Afrikaans
Transcription: straf;\tsplinter;\tskrikkeljaar
Glosses: punishment\tsplinter\tleap-year
Translation: punishment; splinter; leap-year
Language: Angolar
Transcription: ôu ,\tn'tê ,\tndjibela
Glosses: thread\thead\tpocket
Translation: thread, head, pocket
Language: Principense
Transcription: ugbôgôdô
Glosses: valley
Language: Malacca-Batavia Portuguese Creole
Transcription: abana
Glosses: fan
Translation: fan
Language: Chavacano
Transcription: pintá ,\tkalabása
Glosses: paint\tsquash
Translation: to paint, (a) squash
Language: Chavacano
Transcription: kláru ,\ttrabahá ,\tplatiká
Glosses: clear\twork\ttalk
Translation: clear, to work, to talk
Language: Kinshasa Lingala
Transcription: mbólókó
Glosses: antelope
Translation: antelope
Language: Chinese Pidgin Russian
Transcription: Wuʧila\tboliʃolə .
Glosses: yesterday\tcome-PFV
Translation: [I/you/he] came yesterday.
Language: Sri Lanka Malay
Transcription: Nyari\tlangit\tka\tagluðuk .\tGluðuk\tbaatupəðə\tjaato\tsuba\tjo\tjaði .
Glosses: today\tsky\tin\tPRS-thunder\tthunder\tstone-PL\tfall\tlike\tFOC\thappen
Translation: Today it is thundering. Thunder sounds like falling stones.
Language: Bahamas Creole English
Transcription: I\tsee\tplenty\tpeople\t[...].
Glosses: 1SG.SBJ\tsee[PFV]\tplenty\tpeople\t[...]
Language: Bahamas Creole English
Transcription: [...]\tand\tcassava\tand\tthings\t[...].
Glosses: [...]\tand\tcassava\tand\tthing.PL\t[...]
Translation: [...] and cassava and so on [...].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Shanks
Glosses: Shank-GEN
Translation: Shanks
Language: Angolar
Transcription: anda ,\tandji
Glosses: chew\twhere
Translation: to chew, where
Language: Principense
Transcription: okere
Glosses: corner
Translation: corner
Language: Malacca-Batavia Portuguese Creole
Transcription: adas
Glosses: dill
Translation: dill
Language: Malacca-Batavia Portuguese Creole
Transcription: borstrok
Glosses: waistcoat
Translation: waistcoat
Language: Chavacano
Transcription: mésa
Glosses: table
Translation: table
Language: Chavacano
Transcription: ságing
Glosses: banana
Translation: banana
Language: Kinshasa Lingala
Transcription: (1)\tlípa\t(2)\tmbanda
Glosses: (1)\tbread\t(2)\trival
Translation: (1) bread (2) rival
Language: Chinese Pidgin Russian
Transcription: Ti\tmalamala\tbulibəjwəj .
Glosses: 2SG\ta.little\tadd
Translation: Add a little.
Language: Sri Lanka Malay
Transcription: Appa\tasal\tmakanang\tamakang ?
Glosses: what\ttype\tfood\tPRS-eat
Translation: What type of food are you eating?
Language: Gurindji Kriol
Transcription: Mantu\ti\tbin\tjampurlk\tim\tdet\tkajirri\tna .
Glosses: man-ERG\t3SG.SBJ\tPST\tsquash\t3SG\tthe\told.woman\tFOC
Translation: The man squashed the old woman.
Language: Gurindji Kriol
Transcription: Karntingku\tturrp\tim\tfutta\tlungkarrak .
Glosses: tree-ERG\tpoke\t3SG\tfoot-LOC\tcry-INC
Translation: The stick goes through his foot and makes him cry.
Language: Media Lengua
Transcription: a .mida
Glosses: 1SG.OBJ-ACC
Translation: me
Language: Michif
Transcription: Soo\twiichihiweeshk\tdaa\tla\tpital\tayaayiw .
Glosses: 3.POSS.M\thelp-INDF.OBJ-NMLZ\tLOC\tDEF.ART.F.SG\thospital\tbe-POSS-3
Translation: Her helper is in the hospital.
Language: Michif
Transcription: Kayaash\tmaana\taen\tbinder\tkiiaapataen\tli\tgraen\teemanishust .
Glosses: long.ago\tusually\tINDF.ART.M.SG\tbinder\tPST-use\tART.M.SG\tgrain\tCOMP-cut-INDF.ACTOR
Translation: Long ago a binder was used to cut grain.
Language: Michif
Transcription: Niikinaahk\tkaaashamiht .
Glosses: in.our.house\tREL-feed-INDF.ACTOR
Translation: He is being fed at home. OR: He boards at home.
Language: Michif
Transcription: Miyuaashin\twaapinuhk\teemiitshuhk .
Glosses: be.good-3\tin.morning\tCOMP-eat-INDF.ACTOR
Translation: It's nice to eat breakfast.
Language: Trinidadian Creole English
Transcription: tèachér ,\tpòlíce ,\tfàrmér\tvs .\tfàrmèr ,\tbéttèr
Glosses: teacher\tpolice\tfarmer\tvs.\tFarmer\tbetter
Language: Pichi
Transcription: tif;\tman;\ttìfman
Glosses: steal\tman\tsteal.CPD-man
Translation: steal; man; thief
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Then\tyou\tgot\tto\tdo\tthose\tpapers\tagain\ta21/a24 ?
Glosses: then\t2SG\tgot\tto\tdo\tDEM\tpaper-PL\tagain\tPCL/PCL
Translation: So do you have to do those papers again? (interrogative requiring response) / (interrogrative not requiring response)
Language: Kituba (Democratic Republic of Congo)
Transcription: polopolo
Glosses: indiscrete
Translation: indiscrete
Language: Kituba (Democratic Republic of Congo)
Transcription: petepete
Glosses: (very).soft
Translation: (very) soft
Language: Sango
Transcription: ade\tlo\tga\tape
Glosses: PM-remain\t3SG\tcome\tNEG
Translation: He/she hasn't come yet.
Language: Kinshasa Lingala
Transcription: (1)\tnália\t(2)\tnaliá
Glosses: (1)\t1SG.SBJV-eat-FV\t(2)\t1SG-eat-PRS.PRF
Translation: (1) that I eat (2) I have eaten (long ago)
Language: Mbugu
Transcription: kipurukwa
Glosses: nightjar.bird
Translation: nightjar bird
Language: Saramaccan
Transcription: A\tkó\tpidí\tmi\ttáa\tmbéi\tmi\tdáén\twan\tpíki\tmóni .
Glosses: 3SG\tcome\trequest\t1SG\tsay\tmake\t1SG\tgive-3SG\tDEF.SG\tsmall\tmoney
Translation: He asked me to give him some money.
Language: Vincentian Creole English
Transcription: Di\tboot\tmek\touta\tbaambu .
Glosses: ART\tboat\tmake\tout-of\tbamboo
Translation: The boat is/was made from/with/out of bamboo.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: I\tjos\tsii\twanwan\tmaami .
Glosses: 3SG\tjust\tsee\tone-one\tmamee
Translation: He just saw a few mamee apples.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [...]\twan\tbai\twan\tdi\tmemba\tdem\ta\tdi\tfamali\tan\tfrenz\tput\tdem\tfuud\taafrin\taan\tdi\ttiebl\t[...].
Glosses: [...]\tone\tby\tone\tART.DEF\tmember\tPL\tof\tART.DEF\tfamily\tand\tfriend-PL\tput\t3PL.POSS\tfood\toffering\ton\tART.DEF\ttable\t[...]
Translation: [...] one by one the members of the family and friends put their food offerings on the table [...].
Language: Sea Island Creole English
Transcription: "Suckteeth"\tto\texpress\tdisdain
Glosses: "Suck-teeth"\tto\texpress\tdisdain
Translation: "Suck-teeth" to express disdain
Language: Tok Pisin
Transcription: Na\ttupla\tkam\traunim\tsteshen\tpinis\tnau ,\tol\tfaiaim\twanpla\tkain\tmisail\t[...].
Glosses: and\t3DU\tcome\tgo.around-TR\tstation\tCOMPL\tnow\t3PL\tfire-TR\tone-MOD\tkind\tmissile\t[...]
Translation: And when the two of them had come around the station, they fired a kind of missile [...].
Language: Kriol
Transcription: Dei\tbin\tdali\tmelabat\tlaikdat\tna ,\tCmob .
Glosses: 3PL\tPST\ttell:TR\t1PL.EXCL\tQUOT\tnow\tC-COLL
Translation: That's what they told us, C's family (did).
Language: Kriol
Transcription: Mi\tjidan\tmijelb ,\tkukumbat .
Glosses: 1SG\tsit\toneself\tcook-TR-PROG
Translation: I am by myself, cooking.
Language: Berbice Creole Dutch
Transcription: [...]\tan\tpamatɛ\tɛkɛ\tkaʃi\tju\ttoro
Glosses: [...]\tand\ttell-PRF\t1SG\tshut\t2SG\teye
Translation: [...] and told me: Close your eyes.
Language: Afrikaans
Transcription: [...]\tdie\tvennootskap\ttussen\tmens\ten\theuningvoël .
Glosses: [...]\tDEF.ART\tpartner-ship\tbetween\tMan\tand\thoney-bird
Translation: [...] the partnership between Man and honeybird.
Language: Afrikaans
Transcription: Hy\tkon\taan\tdie\twerk\tgewees\thet .
Glosses: 3SG.M\tcould\ton\tDEF.ART\tworking\tPTCP-been\tPST
Translation: He could have been working.
Language: Afrikaans
Transcription: Sy\tmoes\tbesig\tgewees\thet\tom\tte\ttrek .\tvs .\tSy\tmoet\tbesig\twees\tom\tte\ttrek .
Glosses: 3SG.F\tmust.PST\tbusy\tPTCP-been\thave.INF\tINF.CONJ\tINF\tmove.INF\tvs.\tShe\tmust\tbusy\tbe.INF\tINF.CONJ\tto\tmove.INF
Translation: She must have been in the process of moving. vs. She must be in the process of moving.
Language: Kabuverdianu
Transcription: p’es\ttorna\tmandam\tPraia
Glosses: so.that.they\tback\tsend-me\tPraia
Translation: so that they send me back to Praia
Language: Upper Guinea Crioulo
Transcription: I\tbin\tdjudan .
Glosses: 3SG\tcome\thelp-1SG
Translation: He came to help me.
Language: Upper Guinea Crioulo
Transcription: I\tbay\tdjudal .
Glosses: 3SG\tgo\thelp-3SG
Translation: He went to help him.
Language: Upper Guinea Crioulo
Transcription: N\tpuntau\tsi\ti\ttciga .
Glosses: 1SG\task.PST-2SG\tCOMP\t3SG\tarrive.PST
Translation: I asked you if he/she/it had arrived.
Language: Principense
Transcription: tava\tkuda\tvs .\tkudava
Glosses: PST\tthink\tvs.\tthink-PST
Translation: [s/he] thought
Language: Annobonese
Transcription: Eli\tbi\tfa\tno\tna\tté\tzuanxaf .
Glosses: 3SG\tANT\tspeak\t1PL\tNEG\thave\tsomething-NEG
Translation: He told us he had nothing. OR: He/she had told us already he/she had nothing.
Language: Annobonese
Transcription: Wansapa\tineni\tna\tten\tmazna\tpa\tbaiaif .
Glosses: much\t3PL\tNEG\tINTENS\tthink\tfor\tgo-there-NEG
Translation: Many never thought they would go there.
Language: Korlai Portuguese
Transcription: ʋɔ\taki\tmarʧan\tyaʋe\tki\tkhuren\tyaʋe ?
Glosses: 2SG.INFORMAL\there\twalk-PROG\tcame\tor\trun-PROG\tcame
Translation: Did you walk here or run here?
Language: Malabar-Sri Lanka Portuguese
Transcription: ɛnɛɛla\tda\tooru\tjaakay\tna\tpoosu
Glosses: ring\tof\tgold\tPST-fall\tin\twell
Translation: Ring of gold had fallen in the well.
Language: Malabar-Sri Lanka Portuguese
Transcription: avara\tkaazantu\tetus\tkustumaa\tjaakavaa\tsee\tnoospa\tkinistaa\tɔɔrasuntu\tnosa\tnoov\travkiin\tlodaa ,\tnaa\t[etuspa]\tpatokaa
Glosses: now\thouse-LOC\t3PL.HON\ttrain\tPST-finish\tCOND\t1PL-DAT\tHAB-need\twhen-LOC\t1PL.GEN\tnew\tviolin\tFUT-give\tTAG\t3PL.HON-DAT\tINF-play
Translation: Once they have finished training at home, when we need, we'll give our new violin, eh, [for them] to play (lit. If they have finished training at home, when we need, we'll give our new violin, eh, [for them] to play).
Language: Malabar-Sri Lanka Portuguese
Transcription: fereerus ,\tkarpinteerus ,\tkustreerus .\takas\ttudu\ttiraa\tsee\tmee\tnosa\ttɛɛrantu\tkii\ttasusta\tfalaatu\tetus\tlolembraa
Glosses: blacksmith-PL\tcarpenter-PL\ttailor-PL\tthat-PL\tall\ttake\tCOND\tFOC\t1PL.GEN\tcountry-LOC\twhat\tPRS-happen\tQUOT\t3PL.HON\tFUT-think
Translation: Blacksmiths, carpenters, tailors. Only if you take all those, they will know what is going on in our country.
Language: Malabar-Sri Lanka Portuguese
Transcription: noos\toondi\tjaanasa\tvoo\tdeevspa\tmee\tsaba
Glosses: 1PL\twhere\tPST-be.born\tINDF\tgod-DAT\tFOC\tknow
Translation: Where (the heck) we were born, God only knows.
Language: Ternateño
Transcription: Taayá\tyo\tna\tManila ,\tya\tbolbé\tyo\takí .
Glosses: LOC.be-there\t1SG\tLOC\tManila\tPFV\treturn\t1SG\there
Translation: I was there in Manila, I came back here.
Language: Chavacano
Transcription: Yabené\t'le\takí .
Glosses: PFV-come\ts/he\there
Translation: S/he has come here.
Language: Chavacano
Transcription: Makamyédo\tkumígo .
Glosses: CAUS-fear\tOBJ.SG
Translation: I am afraid of myself.
Language: Papiamento
Transcription: Nèt\te\tora\tei\ttabata\tpasa\tun\twardadó\tdi\tkarné\tku\tun\ttou\tdi\tkarné .
Glosses: just\tDEF\ttime\tDEM.NPROX\tPST\tpass\tINDF\tkeep-er\tof\tgoat\twith\tINDF\tflock\tof\tgoat
Translation: Just then, a shepherd passed with a flock of goats.
Language: Palenquero
Transcription: Ele\ta\tablámi\tp'\ti\tminí\takí .
Glosses: he/she\tPST\ttell-me\tfor\tI\tcome\there
Translation: He/she asked me to come here.
Language: Palenquero
Transcription: ¡Ese\tma\tkusa ,\tmahaná\ta\tasélo !
Glosses: this\tPL\tthing\tkids\tPST\tdo-it
Translation: These things, the kids did them!
Language: Haitian
Transcription: Ane\t1969\tla ,\tlè\tm\tte\tan\tFrans\tlan ,\tm\trankontre\tak\tPòlAntwàn .
Glosses: year\t1969\tDEF\twhen\t1SG\tANT\tin\tFrance\tDEF\t1SG\tmeet\tCOM\tPaul-Antoine
Translation: In 1969, while I was in France, I met Paul-Antoine.
Language: Guadeloupe-Martinique Creole French
Transcription: I\thalé\tMari\tandéwò\ttoua .
Glosses: 3SG\tpull\tMary\tout\thole-DEF
Translation: He pulled Mary out of the hole.
Language: Guadeloupe-Martinique Creole French
Transcription: Mari\tandéwò\ttoua .
Glosses: Mary\tout\thole-DEF
Translation: Mary is out of the hole.
Language: Morisyen
Transcription: premye\tzafer\tpu\tplaṅt\tsa\tkanla\tmem\tu\tbizeṅ\tmet\t[...]
Glosses: first\tthing\tfor\tplant\tDEM\tcane\tHL\t2SG\tMOD\tput\t[...]
Translation: The first thing to do if you plant this sugar cane is that you have to put [...].
Language: Sango
Transcription: ayi\tti\tvundu\tati\tna\tndo\t(ti)\tmbi\t[...]\tmingi
Glosses: PL-thing\tof\tgrief\tPM-fall\ton\ttop\t(of)\t1SG\t[...]\tmany
Translation: Many grievous things fell on me.
Language: Sango
Transcription: akozo\tzo
Glosses: PL-first\tperson
Translation: the first people OR: the first ones (i.e. persons)
Language: Sango
Transcription: zo\toko\toko\take\tga
Glosses: person\tone\tone\tPM-COP\tcome
Translation: Each and every person is coming.
Language: Sango
Transcription: melenge\tti\tmo\takono\tahon'\tmelenge\tti\tmbi
Glosses: child\tof\t2SG\tPM-be.large\tPM-pass\tchild\tof\t1SG
Translation: Your child is larger than my child.
Language: Sango
Transcription: ala\tduti\tfadeso ,\takoze\tkwe;\tlo\tga\tlo\tmu\tholengo\tnyama ,\tlo\tmu\tato\tna\tkogara\tti\tlo\tni
Glosses: 3PL\tsit\tnow\tPM-converse\tall\t3SG\tcome\t3SG\ttake\tdried\tmeat\t3SG\ttake\tPM-cook\tPREP\tin-law\tof\t3SG\tDET
Translation: So they sat and chatted until finished. He then took some dried meat, he took it and (had it) cooked it for his mother-in-law.
Language: Sango
Transcription: wali\tni ,\tlo\toko\tlaa\take\tlango\tna\tya\tti\tda
Glosses: woman\tDET\t3SG\tone\tFOC\tPM-COP\tsleep\tPREP\tbelly\tof\thouse
Translation: The wife, she only slept (habitually) in the house.
Language: Sango
Transcription: ndo\tni\tavoko\ttongaso\t[...]
Glosses: place\tDET\tPM-be.dark\tthus\t[...]
Translation: When it had become dark [...]. OR: When night had come [...].
Language: Sango
Transcription: lo\tga\tso ,\tkogara\tti\tlo\tni\talango
Glosses: 3SG\tcome\tthus\tin-law\tof\t3SG\tDET\tPM-sleep
Translation: When he came, his mother-in-law was sleeping. OR: On his arrival his mother-in-law was sleeping.
Language: Sango
Transcription: i\tke\tde\tba\tda\tnga ,\tamanke\tpepe
Glosses: 1PL\tCOP\tmake\toath\tthere\talso\tPM-lack\tNEG
Translation: We're also going to take an oath over that for sure.
Language: Sango
Transcription: amu\tmafuta\tti\tzo\tni\tamu\tna\tlo
Glosses: PM-take\tfat\tof\thuman\tDET\tPM-give\tPREP\t3SG
Translation: He gave her (his mother-in-law) the fatty meat of a human being.
Language: Sango
Transcription: amu\tnyama\tti\tzo\tso\tato\tamu\tna\tlo
Glosses: SM-take\tmeat\tof\thuman\tDEM\tSM-prepare\tSM-give\tPREP\t3SG
Translation: He gave the meat (to his wife) to prepare for her (the girl's mother). OR: He took this human flesh and had it prepared and given to her (the mother).
Language: Sango
Transcription: gango\tti\tni\tla\tni\tga\tso
Glosses: come-NMLZ\tof\t1SG.LOG\tTOP\t1SG.LOG\tcome\tthus
Translation: (She said), "This is my arrival (coming)." OR: This arrival just now is my arrival; What you see is my arrival.
Language: Sango
Transcription: gongo\tso\tmbi\tgwe\tso ,\tmbi\twara\tlo\tna\tlege
Glosses: go-NMLZ\tREL\t1SG\tgo\tthus\t1SG\tfind\t3SG\tPREP\tway
Translation: When I was going, I met her/him on the path.
Language: Sango
Transcription: nyama\tso\tafun'\tsioni
Glosses: meat\tthis\tPM-smell\tbad
Translation: This meat smells awful.
Language: Fanagalo
Transcription: Lo\tJohn\tna\tlo\tJane\tyena\thambile\tlapha\tThegwin .
Glosses: DEF.ART\tJohn\tCOM\tDEF.ART\tJane\tthey\tgo-PST\tDAT\tDurban
Translation: John and Jane went to Durban. OR: John went with Jane to Durban. OR:  John went to Durban with Jane.
Language: Mbugu
Transcription: héló\ti'azé\tiwé
Glosses: 16-have\tday\t5-one
Translation: On a certain day (once upon a time).
Language: Mbugu
Transcription: vézazeu\tvéáazoko\tma ?aze\tmáingi
Glosses: 2-herd\t2-PST-sit\tdays\t6-many
Translation: They went to herd and they stayed many days.
Language: Nubi
Transcription: nyerekú\tde\tbigirúa\tfi\tbé
Glosses: boy\tDEM\tFUT-IPFV-go\tin\thouse
Translation: The child will be going home.
Language: Nubi
Transcription: rután\tde\tgurúo\twóduru
Glosses: language\tDEM\tTAM-go\tdisappear
Translation: The language will disappear.
Language: South Sudanese Creole Arabic
Transcription: bagarát\tde\tzátu\tnum\tfi\tbet\thenák
Glosses: cow-PL\tDEM.PROX\tTOP\tsleep\tin\thouse\tthere
Translation: The same cows slept there in the house.
Language: Chinese Pidgin Russian
Transcription: Xeʧzu\tlisa\tkupila ,\tʧaʧika\tpusəkajla .
Glosses: Xeczu\trice\tbuy-PFV\tnet\tlet.flow-PFV
Translation: Xeczu bought some rice and let it flow into a net.
Language: Sri Lanka Malay
Transcription: Anak\taayər\tviiduyang\tsipiçaking .
Glosses: child\twater\tglass-ACC\tPST-break-CAUS
Translation: The child broke the water glass.
Language: Sri Lanka Malay
Transcription: Gope\tkuttalipəðə\tderangpe\tbuuka\tpakeanyangle\tgantung\tsuppang .
Glosses: 1SG-POSS\tfriend-PL\t3PL-POSS\topen\tclothing-ACC.DEF-COM\thang\tput
Translation: My friends unpacked and hung up their clothing.
Language: Baba Malay
Transcription: Awak\tlakilaki\tapasal\tdatang\tSingapore ?
Glosses: 2SG\tman-man\twhy\tcome\tSingapore
Translation: Why did your husband come to Singapore?
Language: Yimas-Arafundi-Pidgin
Transcription: wut\tkandək\tmənda\tkranan\ttaŋgut\tmən
Glosses: night\tOBL\tand.then\tcut-NONFUT\trope\tthat
Translation: Then at night they cut the rope.
Language: Yimas-Arafundi-Pidgin
Transcription: kumbut\tkandək\twanan
Glosses: village\tOBL\tgo-NONFUT
Translation: (He) went to the village.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Uwala\tbat\thamlog\tnai\tpuco .
Glosses: that\ttalk\t1-PL\tNEG\task
Translation: That talk, we didn't ask (about).
Language: Gurindji Kriol
Transcription: An\tkengkaru\ti\tbin\tkilim\tkurrupartuyawung\tdat\tkarungku .
Glosses: and\tkangaroo\t3SG.SBJ\tPST\thit-TR\tboomerang-COM\tthe\tchild-ERG
Translation: And it was the kangaroo that the kid hit with a boomerang.
Language: Gurindji Kriol
Transcription: Dei\tbin\tkayikayi\tngayu\tdem\tkaruwalijangku\tnyawarrattu .
Glosses: 3PL.SBJ\tPST\tchase\t1SG\tthose\tchild-PAUC-ERG\tthis-PL-ERG
Translation: They chased me, that mob of kids.
Language: Gurindji Kriol
Transcription: Jirribala\tmalyju\tdei\tgon\twarlakap\tjurlakayu .
Glosses: three\tboy\t3PL.SBJ\tgo\tlook.around\tbird-DAT
Translation: The three boys, they go looking around for birds.
Language: Gurindji Kriol
Transcription: LS\tim\tgon\tjarrpip\tKBjawung .
Glosses: LS\t3SG\tgo\tpick.up\tKB-COM
Translation: Lisa is walking with Kayne in her arms.
Language: Media Lengua
Transcription: sikyera\tkargabullaish ,\tpero\tkomingabullaish\tdachun ,\tsikyera\tpara\tkomir
Glosses: perhaps\tload-BEN-DELIM-ADD\tbut\teat-NMLZ-BEN-DELIM-ADD\tgive-3.HORT\tperhaps\tfor\teat
Translation: Let them give the food for a load or to eat, perhaps to eat.
Language: Media Lengua
Transcription: kuyigunada\tenkargachun\tzindo\tbinini
Glosses: guinea.pig-PL-ACC\thand.over-3.HORT\tsay-SUBORD\tcome-1SG
Translation: I come wanting him to hand over the guinea pigs (to me). OR: I come saying let him hand over the guinea pigs.
Language: Creolized Grand Ronde Chinook Jargon
Transcription: ukman\tyatl'kup\tlup
Glosses: the-man\t3SG-cut\trope
Translation: The man cuts a rope.
Language: Creolized Grand Ronde Chinook Jargon
Transcription: ukman
Glosses: that-man
Translation: the man, the men
Language: Michif
Transcription: Kiiatoshkaheewak\tparey\tskom\taen\tnisklaav .
Glosses: PST-work-CAUS-3.SBJ.3.OBJ-PL\tlike\tas\ta\tslave
Translation: They made her work like a slave.
Language: Michif
Transcription: La\tbwet\tmishaw .
Glosses: DEF.ART.F.SG\tbox\tbe.big.INAN-3
Translation: The box is big.
Language: Michif
Transcription: Namoya , niya nipaapaa kaapeekiyokeet .
Glosses: no (C) 1SG (C) 1SG-father (C) COMP-come-visit.TR.ANIM-3 (C)
Translation: No, MY father came to visit.
Language: Michif
Transcription: Asheekiiweepahtaw\taan\tbaa\taendookitotaat\tonhin .
Glosses: back-go.home-run-3\tLOC\tdown\tCOMP-go.and-speak-3.SBJ.3.OBJ\tDEM.PL
Translation: She ran back downstairs, to go and talk to them.
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: ı̨xę̀ę [edı Ølı̨]
Glosses: yesterday warm/feverish IPFV.3.SBJ-COP.IPFV
Translation: (Intended: ‘Yesterday was warm.’) (MLBW 2009)3
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: ı̨xę̀ę [eya ı̨lè]
Glosses: yesterday sick/painful
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: neyatıì ehkw’ı ha hǫt’e
Glosses: 2SG-word-PNS correct FUT FOC
Translation: Your words must be correct.’ (MLBW 2012)13
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: etedeht’ı̨
Glosses: THM--be.poor/pitiful.IPFV
Translation: I am poor.’ (MLBW 2009)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: tł’àɂeh ełèaek’à
Glosses: pants RECP-THM--wrinkle . 
Translation: The pants are wrinkled.’ (TCSA 2007)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: edza ts’ı̨ı̨hwǫ
Glosses: cold IPFV.1PL.SBJ-think.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: Į̀ı̨̨̀zha wegaaØt’ı̨
Glosses: shy 3.OBJ-THM-IPFV.3.SBJ-see.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: gıgha hoı̨zı̨ laànì gıgaaØt’ı̨
Glosses: 3PL-for THM-IPFV.3.SBJ-be.good.IPFV like 3PL-THM-IPFV.3.SBJ-See.IPFV
Translation: They look like they enjoy it.’ (Tłı̨chǫ Community Services Agency 2007)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: ezhı̨ hlı̨
Glosses: crazy IPFV.1SG.SBJ-.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: computer ghǫ ezhı̨ laàht’e
Glosses: computer about crazy like-IPFV.1SG.SBJ-COP.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: dıı sìı godı deèdlı̨ı̨ hǫt’e
Glosses: DEM FOC story real/worthy IPFV.3.SBJ-IPFV-COP.IPFV
Translation: This is a real story.’ (MLBW 2009)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: dzę edzaμ nìhòkw’ı ha
Glosses: day cold-REL THM-AR.IPFV-arrive.IPFV FUT
Translation: Cold days will come.’ (MLBW 2009)15
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: eyı nı̨htł’èkǫ̀ haı̨t’e
Glosses: DEM school THM-IPFV-COP.IPFV
Translation: That is the school.’ (MLBW 2009)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: ı̨̀ı̨̨̀zha hlı̨
Glosses: shy IPFV.1SG.SBJ-COP.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: sezha gıghǫ xàhohdıì
Glosses: 1SG-child 3PL-about THM-IPFV.1SG.SBJ-be.proud.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [tłı̨a nǫǫdea]
Glosses: dog-DIM youngest
Translation: the youngest puppy
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: tłı̨a [nǫǫdea Ølı̨].
Glosses: dog-DIM youngest IPFV.3.SBJ-COP.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: ı̨xę̀e [eya ı̨lè]
Glosses: yesterday sick/painful PFV.3.SBJ-COP.PFV
Translation: Yesterday he was sick.’ (repeated from (4b))
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: tłı̨ [eya Ølı̨]
Glosses: dog sick IPFV.3.SBJ-COP.IPFV
Translation: The dog is sick.’ (MLBW 2009)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: selà eya
Glosses: 1SG-hand sick/painful
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: godı [deèdlı̨ Ølı̨]
Glosses: story real IPFV-COP.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: dıı bò weelı̨ Ølı̨
Glosses: DEM meat fresh/pure IPFV-COP.IPFV
Translation: (Įntended: ‘This meat is fresh.’) (MLBW 2009)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: dzę edzaμ nı̀ı̨ǫ ha
Glosses: day cold-REL THM-arrive.IPFV FUT
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [dǫ ezhı̨ Ølı̨μ] eyı kǫ̀ nàØde
Glosses: person crazy IPFV.3.SBJ-COP.IPFV-REL DEM house THM-IPFV-live.IPFV
Translation: The crazy person lives in that house.’ (MLBW 2009)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [dǫ ezhı̨μ] eyı kǫ̀ nàØdè
Glosses: person crazy-REL DEM house THM-IPFV-live.IPFV
Translation: (Intended: ‘The crazy person lives in that house.’) (MLBW 2009)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [bò ı̨ht’e Ølı̨μ] ladà ka wheɂǫ
Glosses: meat raw IPFV-COP.IPFV-REL table on PFV-be.located.(chunky object).PFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [dzęę̀ edzaμ] nìhòØkw’ı ha
Glosses: day cold-REL THM-IPFV-come FUT
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [dzęę̀ edza Ølı̨μ] nìhòØkw’ı ha
Glosses: day cold IPFV-COP.IPFV-REL THM-IPFV-come FUT
Translation: (Intended: ‘Cold days will come.’) (MLBW 2009)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: sechı bògǫǫ̀ ghǫ shèØtı̨
Glosses: 1SG-younger.brother meat-dry of THM-IPFV-eat.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: kwe tedaèwò
Glosses: rock water-up-PFV-fall.PFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [eyı kwe sı̨làı] teètł’ı
Glosses: DEM rock five water--fall.plural.PFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [eyı tsı sı̨làı] edzǫ haı̨t’e
Glosses: DEM tree five black.spruce THM--COP.IPFV
Translation: Those five trees are black spruces.’ (ANON 2013)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [dechı̨ k’edıı̨] sekǫ̀ ga nàèyaμ sìı
Glosses: tree eight 1SG-house beside THM--stand.PFV FOC
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: [chekoa hazǫǫ̀] eya Ølı̨ gı̨̨ı̨lı̨
Glosses: child all sick/painful IPFV.3.SBJ-COP.IPFV IPFV.3SBJ-COP.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: whǫ danıghǫ nàahtso
Glosses: star why THM-IPFV.2-be.strong.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: xok’è dàanìghǫ edza nelı̨
Glosses: winter why cold IPFV.2SG.SBJ-COP.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: zah dàanǫ edza nelı̨
Glosses: snow why cold 
Translation: Snow, how come you’re cold?’ (AW 2012)
Language: We
Transcription: jıèk’o naèhdì ıhɂà
Glosses: orange THM-PFV.1SG.SBJ-buy.PFV PFV.1SG.SBJ-eat.PFV
Language: We
Transcription: jıèk’o naèhdì weıhɂà
Glosses: orange THM-PFV.1SG.SBJ-buy.PFV 3.OBJ-PFV.1SG.SBJ-eat.PFV
Translation: (Intended: ‘I bought an orange and ate it.’)23 (AW 2012)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: segha ełexèyeehtà ha
Glosses: 1SG-for RECP-with-4.OBJ-IPFV.3.SBJ-add.IPFV FUT
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: segha ełexègıehtà ha
Glosses: 1SG-for RECP-with-3-IPFV.3.SBJ-add.IPFV FUT
Translation: She is going to add them together for me.’ (MLBW 2011)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: behchı̨ı̨̀ ełenìdǫǫ̀ łeetła
Glosses: vehicle RECP-facing RECP-PFV-meet.PFV
Translation: The vehicles met each other head-on.’ (Tłı̨chǫ Community Services Agency 2007)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: Madlę̀ gozì nıìchì Mıshè ts’ǫ̀ yeèk’a
Glosses: Madeleine ball THM-PFV.3.SBJ-take.chunky.object.PFV Michel to 4.PFV.3.SBJ-throw.chunky.object.PFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: Madlę̀ gozì nàke nı̨ìle Mıshè ts’ǫ̀ yeèdè
Glosses: Madeleine ball two THM-PFV.3.SBJ-take.plural.objects.PFV Michel to 4.-throw.plural.objects . 
Translation: Madeleine took two balls and threw them to Michel.’ (AW 2012)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: gıgha gokwı̨ nanek’à
Glosses: 3 axe THM-IPFV.2SG.SBJ-file.IPFV
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: naxı̨ [dechı̨ wegà] naaahza nì dè dechı̨ gıɂį̀ı̨̨ naaahza nì dè
Glosses: 2PL tree 3-beside THM-IPFV.2PL.SBJ-stand.IPFV QN or [tree 3PL-behind] THM-IPFV.2PL.SBJ-stand.IPFV QN or
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: naxı̨ [dechı̨ gıgà] naaahza nì dè [dechı̨ gıɂį̀ı̨̨] naaahza nì dè
Glosses: 2PL tree 3PL-beside THM-IPFV.2PL.SBJ-stand.IPFV QN or tree 3PL-behind THM-IPFV.2PL.SBJ-stand.IPFV QN or
Translation: (Intended: ‘Are you all beside the trees or behind them?’) (AW 2012)
Language: Dogrib
Transcription: eya Ølı̨ welè
Glosses: sick/painful IPFV.3.SBJ-COP.IPFV JUSS
Language: German
Transcription: oh , das ist schlecht , weil die Wochenenden bei mir so ziemlich ausgebucht sind . (weilVF)
Glosses: oh, that is bad because the weekends for me so rather booked-up are
Translation: Oh, that’s bad, because my weekends are pretty much booked up.
Language: German
Transcription: das ist schlecht , weil da hab’ ich einiges vor . (weilV2)
Glosses: that is bad because then have I a.few.things ahead
Translation: That’s bad, because then I have already planned a few things.
Language: German
Transcription: oh , das is’ bei mir schlecht , denn da bin ich vom 26sten bis 27sten in Zell . (dennV2)
Glosses: oh that is for me bad for then am I from.the 26th till 27th in Zell
Translation: Oh, that suits me badly, for then I am in Zell from 26th till 27th.
Language: German
Transcription: das ist schlecht , da ich um zwölf Uhr ein Arbeitstreffen hier in München habe . (daVF)
Glosses: that is bad since I at twelve o’clock a work-meeting here in Munich have
Translation: That’s bad, because at 12 o’clock I already have a work meeting here in Munich.
Language: German
Transcription: $U$S$A , $UBahn
Glosses: U.S.A . u-train
Language: German
Transcription: #zweiundzwanzigsten
Glosses: two and twenty ‘twenty-two’
Language: German
Transcription: /im Ja=/– also , +/Treb=/+ Traube …
Glosses: in.the so grape
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: te u ‘aka ‘a e tangataná   a [na‘e ‘uma kia Mele ‘aneafi     ]
Glosses: FUT 1.SG kick ABS the man     -DEM-DEFACC PST kiss DAT Mary yesterday
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: te u ‘aka ‘a e tangatana [na‘e ‘uma kia Mele ‘aneafí     ] i
Glosses: FUT 1.SG kick ABS the man     -DEM PST kiss DAT Mary yesterday -DEFACC
Translation: I will kick that man who kissed Mary yesterday.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ‘oku lele ‘a e kumaa ‘i he fale    ni .
Glosses: PRS run ABS the mouse LOC the house-DEM
Translation: The mouse is running in this house.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ‘oku lele ‘a e kumaa ‘i he fale fo‘ouni .
Glosses: PRS run ABS the mouse LOC the house new -DEM
Translation: The mouse is running in this new house.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: *‘oku lele ‘a e kumaa ‘i he [NP fale    ni fo‘ou ]
Glosses: PRS run ABS the mouse LOC the  house-DEM new
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: he [NP falé    ]V
Glosses: the  house  -DEFACC
Translation: the house
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: he [NP fale fo‘oú ]V
Glosses: the  house new    -DEFACC
Translation: the new house
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: *he [NP falé    V fo‘ou]
Glosses: the  house-DEFACC new
Translation: Intended: ‘the new house
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: he [NP saalioté]V
Glosses: the  cart       -DEFACC
Translation: the cart
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: he [NP saaliote ‘a Feletí ]V
Glosses: the  cart POSS Feleti  -DEFACC
Translation: Feleti’s cart
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: he [NP saaliote ‘a Feleti mo Sioné]V
Glosses: the  cart POSS Feleti -DEFACC 
Translation: Feleti and Sione’s cart
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: he ‘ene [NP fakahaofi kinautolú]V
Glosses: the 3SG.POSS  rescuing 3PL           -DEFACC
Translation: His rescuing of them
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: Na‘e lea ‘a Sione(*V)
Glosses: PST speak ABS Sione(*-DEFACC)
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: Na‘e lea ‘a kinautolu(*V)
Glosses: PST speak ABS 3PL         (*-DEFACC)
Translation: They spoke.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: Na‘e lea ‘a e tamaiki (V)
Glosses: PST speak ABS the children(-DEFACC)
Translation: The children spoke.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: Na‘e lea ha tamaiki (*V)
Glosses: PST speak INDEF children(*-DEFACC)
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: he fale fo‘ouní    i
Glosses: the house new -DEM-DEFACC
Translation: this new house
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: *he fale fo‘ouú         ni
Glosses: the house new -DEFACC-DEM
Translation: Intended: ‘this new house
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: den gamla häst en 
Glosses:  old horse 
Translation: the old horse
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ce livre jaune ci 
Glosses:  book yellow 
Translation: this (here) yellow book
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: KO Piúla , ‘óku túli ‘a e [teevólo ‘okú ne túi ‘óku ‘i tu‘a      ] (#a)
Glosses: KO Piula, PRS chase ABS the devil PRS 3.SG believe PRS LOC outside (#-DEFACC)
Translation: Piula, she is chasing the devil that she believes is outside (but there is no devil).
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: e íka vale    ní   i
Glosses: the fish stupid-DEM-DEFACC
Translation: this stupid fish
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ce livre jaune  ci 
Glosses: DEM book yellow-DEM 
Translation: this (here) yellow book
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ‘oku ma‘a ‘a e sote (na) (a) [na‘a ku foo    ]
Glosses: PRS clean ABS the shirt (-DEM) -DEFACC PST 1.SG wash
Translation: That/the shirt that I washed is clean.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ‘oku ma‘a ‘a e sote (na) [na‘a ku foo   ] (o)
Glosses: PRS clean ABS the shirt (-DEM) PST 1.SG wash -DEFACC
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: *‘oku ma‘a ‘a e sote [na‘a ku foo   ] na
Glosses: PRS clean ABS the shirt PST 1.SG wash -DEM
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: *‘oku ma‘a ‘a e sote [na‘a ku foo   ] na a
Glosses: PRS clean ABS the shirt PST 1.SG wash -DEM -DEFACC
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ‘oku fiefia he ahoni ‘a e [tangata fa‘utohi [na‘e paaki‘enau tohi aneafi      ]] { i / *ni    }
Glosses: PRS happy the today ABS the authors PST print their book yesterday -DEFACC  *-DEM
Translation: The/*these authors who printed their book yesterday are happy today.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: e sóte lahi  ní    i na‘á ku fóo
Glosses: the shirt large-DEM-DEFACC PST 1.SG wash
Translation: this large shirt that I washed
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: e sóte lahí  ni na‘á ku foó   o
Glosses: the shirt large-DEM PST 1.SG wash-DEFACC
Translation: this large shirt that I washed
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: [IP ‘óku má‘a ‘á e soté e           ] [IP na‘á ku fóo    ]
Glosses:  PRES clean ABS the shirt-DEFACC  PAST 1.SG wash
Translation: The shirt that I washed is clean.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: [IP ‘óku má‘a ‘á e (soté e)      ] [IP(na‘á ku) fóo     ]
Glosses:  PRES clean ABS the shirt-DEFACC PAST 1.SG wash
Translation: The shirt that I washed is clean.
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ‘i [DP he púha lahí  i          ]
Glosses: LOC  the box large-DEFACC
Translation: in the large box
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ‘i [DP he puháa         ] fóki
Glosses: LOC  the box  -DEFACC also
Translation: also in the box
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: [DP he soté e na‘e fóo    ]
Glosses:  the shirt-DEFACC PST wash
Translation: the shirt that he washed
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: e hu‘akaú u [ ná‘e ínu ‘e [ Sióne]]
Glosses: the milk -DEFACC  PAST drink ERG  Sione
Translation: …the milk that Sione drank…
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: e hu‘akáu [ ná‘e ínu ‘e [ Sioné]] e
Glosses: the milk  PAST drink ERG  Sione -DEFACC
Translation: …the milk that Sione drank…
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: e soté e na‘a ku foó    o
Glosses: the shirt-DEFACC PST 1.SG wash-DEFACC
Translation: the shirt that I washed
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: *e sote ná   a na‘á ku foó   o
Glosses: the shirt-DEM-DEFACC PAST 1.SG wash-DEFACC
Translation: Intended: ‘That shirt that I washed
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: he [ta‘u [kuo ‘osi    ]] na
Glosses: DET year PERF finish    -DEM
Translation: Last year’ (Lit. ‘that just-finished year’)
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: [IP … e sote  ] [IP na‘a ku foo   o         ]
Glosses:   the shirt  PST 1.SG wash-DEFACC
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: <inlinegraphic xmlns:xlink="http://www .w3 .org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="figures/Icon1_web .jpg"/>☹[IP … e sote na‘a ku foo   o         ]
Glosses:   the shirt PST 1.SG wash-DEFACC
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: [IP … e sote ni] [IP na‘a ku foo   ]
Glosses:   the shirt-DEM  PST 1.SG wash
Language: Tonga (Tonga Islands)
Transcription: ‘oku kau kiate kitautolu Tonga    Vµ
Glosses: PRS pertain to 1.PL Tongans-DEFACC
Translation: It pertains to us Tongans.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Amemus rumoresque senum aestimemus unius assis
Glosses: love.1PL.SBJV rumors-and old.men.GEN.PL value.1PL.SBJV one.GEN penny.GEN
Translation: Let us love and value the rumors of the old men at one penny.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Man ketâb mixunam .
Glosses: I book ASP-read-1SG
Translation: I read books.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Mâ ketâb mixunim .
Glosses: we book ASP-read-1PL
Translation: We read books.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: To ketâb mixuni .
Glosses: you book ASP-read-2SG
Translation: You read books.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: shomâ ketâb mixunin .
Glosses: you book ASP-read-2PL
Translation: You read books.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Un ketâb mixune .
Glosses: he/she book ASP-read-3SG
Translation: He/she reads books.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Unâ ketâb mixunan .
Glosses: they book ASP-read-3PL
Translation: They read books.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea moalemeshro dust dâre .
Glosses: Kimea teacher-her-RÂ friend have-3SG
Translation: Kimea loves her teacher.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz ham e dust dâre .
Glosses: Parviz also  friend have-3SG
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz ham uno dust dâre .
Glosses: Parviz also him-RÂ friend have-3SG
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz ham moalemeshro dust dâre .
Glosses: Parviz also teacher-his-RÂ friend have-3SG
Translation: Parviz also loves his teacher.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea goft [ ke dustesh farsi balade].
Glosses: Kimea said  COMP friend-her Farsi know-3SG
Translation: Kimea said that her friend knows Farsi.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz goft [ ke e farânse balade].
Glosses: Parviz said  COMP  French know-3SG
Translation: Lit. Parviz said that e knows French.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz goft [ ke un farânse balade].
Glosses: Parviz said  COMP he French know-3SG
Translation: Lit. Parviz said that he knows French.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz be xâharesh ye ketâb dâd va Azita ham e ye ghalam dâd .
Glosses: Parviz to sister-his a book gave.3SG and Azita also  a pen gave.3SG
Translation: Parviz gave a book to his sister, and Azita also gave a pen (to her sister).
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz fekr mikone ke xâharesh bâhushtar az xodeshe ammâ Kimea fekr nemikone e .
Glosses: Parviz thought ASP-do-3SG COMP sister-his smarter of self-his-is but Kimea thought NEG-ASP-do-3SG 
Translation: Parviz thinks that his sister is smarter than him. But Kimea doesn’t think that his/her (=Parviz’s/Kimea’s) sister is smarter than Parviz/Kimea.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea mâshinesho bâ deghghat shost , va Arezu e xoshk kard .
Glosses: Kimea car-her-RÂ with precision washed.3SG and Arezu  dry did.3SG
Translation: Kimea washed her car carefully, and Arezu dried (her car).
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea setâ mo’alemro davat kard .
Glosses: Kimea three-CL teacher-RÂ invitation did.3SG
Translation: Kimea invited three teachers.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz ham unâro davat kard .
Glosses: Parviz also him/her-PL-RÂ invitation did.3SG
Translation: Lit. Parviz also invited them.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea goft [ ke setâ dâneshju mitunan ingilisi harf bezanan].
Glosses: Kimea said  COMP three-CL student ASP-can-3PL English talk SUBJ-hit-3PL
Translation: Kimea said that three students can speak English.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz goft [ ke e mitunan farânse harf bezanan].
Glosses: Parviz said  COMP  ASP-can-3PL French talk SUBJ-hit-3PL
Translation: Lit. Parviz said that e can speak French.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Parviz goft [ ke unâ mitunan farânse harf bezanan].
Glosses: Parviz said  COMP they ASP-can-3PL French talk SUBJ-hit-3PL
Translation: Lit. Parviz said that they can speak French.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: tu un otâgh ye doxtar dâre miraghse .
Glosses: in that room a girl have-3SG ASP-dance-3SG
Translation: In that room, a girl is dancing.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Sohrâb piranâro otuout nazad vali Rostam [ piranâro otu] zad .
Glosses: Sohrab shirt.PL-RÂ iron NEG-hit.PAST.3SG but Rostam  shirt.PL-RÂ iron hit.PAST.3SG
Translation: Sohrab didn’t iron the shirts, but Rostam did.
Language: Irish
Transcription: Ar cheannaigh siad teach ? Creidim gur cheannaigh .
Glosses: COMP.INTERR buy.PAST they house believe.PRES.1SG COMP buy.PAST
Translation: Did they buy a house?’ ‘I believe they did.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea nâmashro xund .
Glosses: Kimea letter-her-RÂ read.3SG
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea [ mâshinesho] [ bâ deghghat] mishost amma Ali e [ bâ bideghghati] khoshk mikard .
Glosses: Kimea car-her-RÂ with precision ASP-washed.3SG but Ali   with imprecision dry ASP-did.3SG
Translation: Kimea washed her car carefully, but Ali dried (her car) carelessly.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea [ bâ deghghat] [ mâshin] mishost amma Ali [ bâ bideghghati] e khoshk mikard .
Glosses: Kimea  with precision  car ASP-washed.3SG but Ali  with imprecision  dry ASP-did.3SG
Translation: Kimea washed cars carefully, but Ali dried cars carelessly.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea [ ketâbeshro] [ bâ Arezu] xund .
Glosses: Kimea  book-her-RÂ  with Arezu read.3SG
Translation: Kimea read her book with Arezu.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea [ bâ Arezu] [ ketâbeshro] t xund .
Glosses: Kimea  with Arezu  book-her-RÂ  read.3SG
Translation: Kimea read her book with Arezu.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: … ammâ Parviz e [ bâ Azita] naxund .
Glosses:  but Parviz   with Azita NEG-read.3SG
Translation: Lit.… but Parviz didn’t read e with Azita.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: *man t [ ke Kimea in kâroro migire] [ [ goft]am]].
Glosses: I   COMP Kimea this job-RÂ DUR-get-3SG  said-3SG
Translation: Intended: I said that Kimea will get this job.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: man goftam [ ke Kimea in kâroro migire].
Glosses: I said-3SG  COMP Kimea this job-RÂ DUR-get-3SG
Translation: I said that Kimea will get this job.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: *Kimea [ [ xund]] ketâbro/ketâb t .
Glosses: Kimea read.3SG book-RÂ/book 
Translation: Kimea read the book/book.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea ketâbro/ketâb xund .
Glosses: Kimea book-RÂ/book read.3SG
Translation: Kimea read the book/book.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Subeteno itinenseiga soituno booruo ketta .
Glosses: all-GEN first-year student-NOM that guy-GEN ball-ACC kicked
Translation: Every first-year student kicked his/her ball.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Subeteno ninenseimo  e ketta .
Glosses: all-GEN second-year student-NOM  kicked
Translation: Lit. Every second-year student also kicked e.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Subeteno ninenseimo  booruo ketta .
Glosses: all-GEN second-year student-also ball-ACC kicked
Translation: Every second-year student also kicked a ball.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea gozâsht [ ke kelâs avvaliyâ ketâbe xodeshuno bexunan].
Glosses: Kimea let  COMP class first-PL book-EZ self-their-RÂ SUBJ-read-3PL
Translation: Kimea let the first graders read their own book.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: ammâ e nazâsht [ ke kelâs dovvomiyâ e bexunan].
Glosses: but  NEG-let  COMP class second-PL  SUBJ-read-3PL
Translation: Lit… but (she) didn’t let the second graders read e.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: ammâ e nazâsht [ ke kelâs dovvomiyâ ketâb bexunan].
Glosses: but  NEG-let  COMP class second-PL book SUBJ-read-3PL
Translation: … but (she) didn’t let the second graders read books.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Johnwa zibunno tegamio suteta .
Glosses: John-TOP self-GEN letter-ACC discard-PAST
Translation: John threw out his letter.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Marymo e suteta .
Glosses: Mary-also  discard-PAST
Translation: Lit. Mary also threw e out.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Marywa [ zibunno teianga saiyoosareruto] omotteiru .
Glosses: Mary-TOP  self-GEN proposal-NOM accept-PASS-PRES-COMP think
Translation: Mary thinks that her proposal will be accepted.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Johnmo [  e saiyoosareruto] omotteiru .
Glosses: John-also  accept-PASS-PRES-COMP think
Translation: Lit. John also thinks that e will be accepted.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Taroowa sanninno senseio sonkesiteiru .
Glosses: Taro-TOP three-GEN teacher-ACC respect
Translation: Taro respects three teachers.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Hanakomo e sonkeisiteiru .
Glosses: Hanako-also  respect
Translation: Lit. Hanako also respects e.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Sanninno onnanokoga Taroni aini kita .
Glosses: three-GEN girl-TOP Taro-DAT see-to came
Translation: Three girls came to see Taro.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: e Kennimo aini kita .
Glosses:  Ken-TOP-also see-to came
Translation: Lit. e also came to see Ken.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Daremoni darekaga [ Maryga e attato] omotteiru .
Glosses: everyone-DAT someone-NOM  Mary-NOM  met-COMP think
Translation: Lit. Everyone, someone thinks that Mary met.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: [ Har pesariro] ye dâneshjuyi tu in kelâs fekr mikone [ ke Kimea t dust dâre].
Glosses:  every boy-IND-RÂ one student-IND in this class thought ASP-do-3SG  COMP Kimea  friend have-3SG
Translation: One student in this class thinks that Kimea loves every boy.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: ye dâneshjuyi tu in kelâs fekr mikone [ ke Kimea [ har pesariro] dust dâre ].
Glosses: one student-IND in this class thought ASP-do-3SG  COMP Kimea  every boy-IND-RÂ friend have-3SG
Translation: One student in this class thinks that Kimea loves every boy.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: Can [pro annesi]ni eleştirdi .
Glosses: John his mother-3SG-ACC criticize-PAST
Translation: John criticized his mother.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: Meteyse e övdü .
Glosses: Mete-however  praise-PAST
Translation: Lit. Meter, however, praised e.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: Can [[pro oğlu] İngilizce öğreniyor diye] biliyor .
Glosses: John his son-3SG English learn-PRES COMP know-PRES
Translation: John knows that his son learns English.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: Filizse [e Fransızca öğreniyor diye] biliyor .
Glosses: Phylis-however  French learn-PRES COMP know-PRES
Translation: Lit. Phylis, however, knows that e learns French.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: Can üç hırsız yakaladı .
Glosses: John three burglar catch-PAST
Translation: John caught three burglars.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: Filizse e sorguladı .
Glosses: Phylis-however  interrogate-PAST
Translation: Lit. Phylis, however, interrogated e.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: Üç öğretmen Canı eleştirdi .
Glosses: three teacher John-ACC criticize-PAST
Translation: Three teachers criticized John.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: e Filiziyse övdü .
Glosses:  Phylis-ACC-however praise-PAST
Translation: Lit. e praised Phylis, however.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: (Ben) bu makaleyi yavaşyavaş okuyacağım .
Glosses: (I) this article-ACC slowly read-FUT-1
Translation: I will read this article slowly.
Language: Turkish
Transcription: (Biz) her hafta sinemaya gideriz .
Glosses: (we) every week movie-DAT go-AOR-1
Translation: We go to the movies every week.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: ketâbâ ru miz bud/budan .
Glosses: book-PL on table be.3SG/be.3PL
Translation: The books was/were on the table.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: deraxtâ sabz shode/an .
Glosses: tree-PL green became-3SG/3PL
Translation: The trees has/have become green.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: ma’mulan Kimea tu ketâbxune dars mixune .
Glosses: usually Kimea in library lesson DUR-read-3SG
Translation: Kimea usually studies in the library.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Tu in bâgh [ derxtâsh] hamishe xub roshd mikone/an .
Glosses: in this garden,  tree-PL-its always well grow ASP-do-3SG/3PL
Translation: In this garden, its trees grow well.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Tu un bâgh , e hamishe xub roshd nemikone/an .
Glosses: in that garden,  always well grow NEG-ASP-do-3SG/3PL
Translation: In that garden, its (=that garden’s) trees don’t grow well.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: Kimea goft [ ke [ kârâsh] hamishe natije mide/an].
Glosses: Kimea said  COMP  work-PL-her always result ASP-give-3SG/3PL
Translation: Kimea said that her works always provide results.
Language: Western Farsi
Transcription: ammâ Sepide goft [ ke e hamishe natije nemide//an].
Glosses: but Sepide said  COMP  always result NEG-ASP-give-3SG/3PL
Translation: … but Sepide said that her (=Sepide’s) works always provide no results.