lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: lɪnga m-b-iigal-iile somma ʊ-kʊ-sook-a pa-nja
Glosses: if/when 1SG-2PL-close-APPL.PFV PROH AUG-15-leave-FV 16-outside
Translation: When I've locked you (pl.) in, don't go outside.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: i-kʊ-kwel-a kangɪ mu-m-piki n=ʊ-kw-endelel-a pa-kw-ap-a a-ma-peasi
Glosses: 1-PRS-climb-FV again 18-3-tree COM=AUG-15-continue-FV 16-15-pick-FV AUG-6-pear(<SWA)
Translation: He climbs up the tree again and continues to pick pears.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n̩-dʊ-baatɪko lw-a twe ba-Nyakyusa ʊ-n-nyambala ʊ-kʊ-pɪɪj-a , pamo ʊ-kʊ-suk-a ɪ-my-enda , pamo ʊ-kʊ-neg-a a-m-ɪɪsi bo ba-li=po a-ba-kiikʊlʊ mw-iko
Glosses: 18-11-procedure 11-ASSOC 1PL 2-Ny . AUG-1-man AUG-15-cook-FV or AUG-15-wash-FV AUG-4-clothe or AUG-15-draw_liquid-FV AUG-6-water as 2-COP=16 AUG-2-woman 3-taboo
Translation: In the custom of us, the Nyakyusa people, it is taboo for men to cook or wash clothes or draw water when women are around.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tʊ-tol-iigwe ʊ-kʊ-lɪ-kol-a ii-bole
Glosses: 1PL-defeat-PASS.PFV AUG-15-5-grasp/hold-FV 5-leopard
Translation: We've failed to catch the leopard.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-m-bwa sy-ɪm-aga pa-kʊ-ly-a ɪ-fi-fupa
Glosses: AUG-10-dog 10-PST.stand/stop-IPFV 16-15-eat-FV AUG-8-bone
Translation: The dogs would stop and eat the bones.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-ka-balɪlo ka-mo a-ba-hɪɪji ba-na ba-a-bʊʊk-ile kʊ-kʊ-hɪɪj-a ɪɪ-ng'ombe pa-kɪ-lo
Glosses: AUG-12-time 12-one AUG-2-thief 2-four 2-PST-go-PFV 17-15-steal-FV AUG-cow(10) 16-7-night
Translation: One time, four thieves went to steal cows at night.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kalʊlʊ a-lɪnkʊ-bʊʊk-a kʊ-lʊ-bʊbi kʊ-kʊ-laalʊʊsy-a lɪnga lʊ-mmw-ag-ile ʊ-n-kiikʊlʊ
Glosses: Hare 1-NARR-go-FV 17-11-spider 17-15-ask-FV if/when 11-1-find-PFV AUG-1-woman
Translation: Hare went to Spider to ask if it had found a woman.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: bo lʊ-fum-ile kʊ-kʊ-hah-a …
Glosses: as 11-come_from-PFV 17-15-seduce-FV _
Translation: When it [Spider] returned from seducing …' [Hare and Spider]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-ba-ndʊ ba-a-bʊʊk-ile n-kʊ-n-keet-a
Glosses: AUG-2-person 2-PST-go-PFV 18-15-1-watch-FV
Translation: People went to see her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Saliki a-lɪnkw-is-a ʊ-kʊ-fum-a n-kʊ-jaat-a
Glosses: S . 1-NARR-come-FV AUG-15-come_from-FV 18-15-walk-FV
Translation: Saliki came from taking a walk.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-lɪnkʊ-fimbɪlɪsy-a fiijo ʊ-kʊ-n̩-daalʊʊsy-a mpaka a-a-job-ile a-a-t-ile
Glosses: 2-NARR-persuade-FV INTENS AUG-15-1-ask-FV until 1-PST-speak-PFV 1-PST-say-PFV
Translation: They interrogated her much until she spoke.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ʊ-kʊ-keet-a kʊ-mwanya ki-kʊ-bon-a ʊ-mu-ndʊ
Glosses: AUG-15-watch-FV 17-high 12-PRS-see-FV AUG-1-person
Translation: Looking up he sees a person.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: bo i-kw-and-a itolo ʊ-kʊ-kam-a , ʊ-n̩-dʊme a-lɪnkʊ-sook-a ʊ-kʊ-fum-a kʊʊ-sofu n=ʊ-kʊ-n-kol-a ʊ-n-kiikʊlʊ jʊ-la
Glosses: as 1-PRS-begin-FV just AUG-15-milk-FV AUG-1-husband 1-NARR-leave-FV AUG-15-come_from-FV 17-room(9) COM=AUG-15-1-grasp/hold-FV AUG-1-woman 1-DIST
Translation: When she was starting to milk, the husband came out of [lit. left coming from] the bedroom and caught that woman.' [Killer woman]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po jɪ-lɪnkʊ-jɪ-lʊm-a ɪɪ-nine n=ʊ-kʊ-jɪ-gog-a
Glosses: then 9-NARR-9-bite-FV AUG-companion.9 COM=AUG-15-9-kill-FV
Translation: It [dog] bit the other one and killed it.' [Dogs laughed about each other]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: i-kʊ-pɪmb-a ɪ-kɪ-kapʊ ky-osa n-ky-eni mu-n-jɪnga n=ʊ-kʊ-sook-a=po
Glosses: 1-PRS-lift-FV AUG-7-basket 7-all 18-7-forehead 18-9-bicycle COM=AUG-15-leave-FV=16
Translation: He loads a whole basket onto the front of his bicycle and rides away.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ʊ-n-kasi gw-a lʊ-bʊbi a-a-b-ambɪliile n=ʊ-kʊ-ba-pɪɪj-ɪl-a ɪ-fi-ndʊ ɪ-f-ingi fiijo
Glosses: AUG-1-wife 1-ASSOC 11-spider 1-PST-2-receive.PFV COM=AUG-15-2-cook-APPL-FV AUG-8-food AUG-8-many INTENS
Translation: Spider's wife received them and cooked a lot of food for them.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n̩goosi a-lɪnkʊ-kʊl-a n=ʊ-kʊ-kiikʊlʊp-a
Glosses: N . 1-NARR-grow-FV COM=AUG-15-become_woman-FV
Translation: Ngoosi grew up and became a woman.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: boo=bʊno∼bʊ-no ba-lɪnkw-end-a , ba-lɪnkw-end-a , ba-lɪnkw-end-a n=ʊ-kw-end-a
Glosses: REF.14=REDUPL∼14-DEM 2-NARR-walk/travel-FV 2-NARR-walk/travel-FV 2-NARR-walk/travel-FV COM=AUG-15-walk/travel-FV
Translation: Thus they travelled, travelled, travelled and travelled.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-gwina j-iis-aga n-kʊ-j-eeg-a ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ n=ʊ-kʊ-bʊʊk-a na=jo pa-lʊ-sʊngo pa-kw-angal-a
Glosses: AUG-9-crocodile 9-PST.come-IPFV 18-15-9-take-FV AUG-9-monkey COM=AUG-15-go-FV COM=REF.9 16-11-island 16-15-be_well-FV
Translation: Crocodile used to come to pick up monkey and go with him to an island to spend time together.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ʊ-n-hɪɪj-i ʊ-jʊ a-a-longwile n-ky-eni a-lɪnkw-end-a n=ʊ-kʊ-kol-a ʊ-lw-igi
Glosses: AUG-1-thief AUG-PROX.1 1-PST-lead.PFV 18-7-forehead 1-NARR-walk/travel-FV COM=AUG-15-grasp/hold-FV AUG-11-door
Translation: The thief who was going ahead then grabbed the door.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-a-gomok-a ʊ-mw-anike jʊ-la n=ʊ-kʊ-fik-a pa-ka-aja pa-la n=ʊ-kʊ-m̩-bʊʊl-a n=ʊ-kʊ-n-nangɪsy-a ɪ-si ʊ-n̩-dʊme
Glosses: 1-SUBSEC-return-FV AUG-1-young_person 1-DIST COM=AUG-15-arrive-FV 16-12-homestead 16-DIST COM=AUG-15-1-tell-FV COM=AUG-15-1-show-FV AUG-PROX.10 AUG-1-husband
Translation: That young woman returned and arrived at home and told and showed her husband these things.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: nalooli ʊ-kʊ-kong-an-a n=ʊ-lʊ-gano ʊ-lʊ a-a-lɪ na=lo n̩goosi a-lɪnkʊ-jong-a n=ʊ-n-nyambala jʊ-mo
Glosses: really AUG-15-follow-RECP-FV COM=AUG-11-love AUG-PROX.11 1-PST-COP COM=REF.11 N . 1-NARR-run_away-FV COM=AUG-1-man 1-one
Translation: Because of the love that Ngoosi had, she eloped with a man.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ʊ-mu-ndʊ ʊ-jʊ a-fumwike ʊ-kʊ-fum-a pa-tali
Glosses: AUG-1-person AUG-PROX.1 1-be(come)_famous.PFV AUG-15-come_from-FV 16-long
Translation: This person has been famous since long ago.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tw-al-iiswisye ɪ-mi-fuko ʊ-kw-and-ɪl-a n=ʊ-lʊ-bʊnjo mpaka pa-muu-si
Glosses: 1PL-PST-be(come)_full.CAUS.PFV AUG-4-sack AUG-15-begin-APPL-FV COM=AUG-11-morning until 16-3-daytime
Translation: We filled sacks from morning till afternoon.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-lɪnkw-is-a ʊ-mu-ndʊ ʊ-gw-a kw-and-a
Glosses: 1-NARR-come-FV AUG-1-person AUG-1-ASSOC 15-begin-FV
Translation: The first person came.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-gwina n=ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ ba-a-lɪ bʊ-manyaani fiijo a-ka-balɪlo a-k-a ijolo
Glosses: AUG-9-crocodile COM=AUG-9-monkey 2-PST-COP 14-friendship INTENS AUG-12-time AUG-12-ASSOC old_times
Translation: Monkey and Crocodile were good friends long ago.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-jaat-an-il-aga n=ʊ-kw-angal-a pamopeene
Glosses: 2-PST-walk-RECP-APPL-IPFV COM=AUG-15-be_well-FV together
Translation: They visited and accompanied each other.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ii-sikʊ lɪ-mo ʊ-n-na gw-a n-gwina a-a-lɪ m̩-bine
Glosses: 5-day 5-one AUG-1-his_mother 1-ASSOC 9-crocodile 1-PST-COP 1-ill
Translation: One day Crocodile's mother was sick.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: bo j-iitog-ile pa-mwanya pa-n-gwina ʊ-kʊ-bʊʊk-a kʊ-kʊ-n-keet-a ʊ-n-na gw-a n-gwina bo ba-lɪ pa-katɪ pa-m-ɪɪsi bi-kw-end-a ɪ-n-gwina jɪ-lɪnkw-and-a ʊ-kʊ-lɪl-a a-ma-soosi
Glosses: as 9-mount-PFV 16-high 16-9-crocodile AUG-15-go-FV 17-15-1-watch-FV AUG-1-his_mother 1-ASSOC 9-crocodile as 2-COP 16-middle 16-6-water 2-PRS-walk/travel-FV AUG-9-crocodile 9-NARR-begin-FV AUG-15-cry-FV AUG-6-tear
Translation: When monkey had mounted Crocodile, going to see Crocodile's mother, when they were travelling in the middle of the water, Crocodile started to cry.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ fi-ki m-manyaani gw-angʊ kʊ-lɪl-a ?”
Glosses: then AUG-9-monkey 9-NARR-say 8-what 1-friend 1-POSS.1SG 2SG.PRS-cry-FV
Translation: Monkey said Why, my friend, are you crying?”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-gwina jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ n-sulumeenie fiijo paapo ʊlʊ n-iis-ile n-kʊ-kw-eg-a ʊ-ti-kʊ-gomok-a kangɪ
Glosses: AUG-9-monkey 9-NARR-say 1SG-afflict.PFV INTENS because now 1SG-come-PFV 18-15-2SG-take-FV 2SG-NEG-PRS-return-FV again
Translation: Crocodile said I'm very sad, because this time that I've come to pick you up you won't return.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ fi-ki n-di-kʊ-gomok-a kangɪ ?”
Glosses: then AUG-9-monkey 9-NARR-say 8-what 1SG-NEG-PRS-return-FV again
Translation: Monkey said Why won't I return?”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-gwina jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ tw-a-bʊʊk-ile kʊ-n̩-ganga . ʊ-n̩-ganga a-a-t-ile jɪ-kʊ-lond-igw-a ɪ-n-dumbula j-aa n-gambɪlɪ . go n-kota gw-a jʊʊba gw-angʊ . po i-kʊ-pon-a
Glosses: AUG-9-crocodile 9-NARR-say 1PL-PST-go-PFV 17-1-healer AUG-1-healer 1-PST-say-PFV 9-PRS-need-PASS-FV AUG-9-heart 9-ASSOC 9-monkey REF.3 3-medicine 3-ASSOC my_mother(1) 1-POSS.1SG then 1-PRS-heal-FV
Translation: Crocodile said: We went to a witch doctor. The witch doctor said that a monkey's heart is required. That is the medicine for my mother. Then she'll heal.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ somma ʊ-kʊ-paasy-a ! lee po keet-a , ʊ-ka-a-job-aga bo ʊ-kaalɪ ʊ-kʊʊ-ny-eeg-a ?”
Glosses: AUG-9-crocodile 9-NARR-say PROH AUG-15-worry-FV now/but then watch-FV 2SG-NEG-PST-speak-IPFV as 2SG-PERS AUG-15-1SG-take-FV ? 
Translation: Monkey said Don't worry! Now look, why didn't you speak before picking me up?”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-gwina jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ n-aa-paasy-aga ʊkʊtɪ aa=kʊ-kaan-a”
Glosses: AUG-9-crocodile 9-NARR-say 1SG-PST-worry-IPFV COMP FUT=2SG.PRS-refuse-FV
Translation: Crocodile said I was worrying that you would refuse.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ lɪno po ʊ-bomb-ile kabiibi paapo ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ si-ti-kʊ-j-a n=ɪ-n-dumbula m-mu-nda . ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ tʊ-kʊ-si-lek-a m-mi-piki . pa-la gʊʊ-ny-aag-ile mu-m-piki ʊ-ka-fi-bon-a ɪ-fi fy-a-syut-aga fiijo mu-la ?”
Glosses: then AUG-9-monkey 9-NARR-say now/today then 2SG-do-PFV badly because AUG-10-monkey 10-NEG-PRS-be(come)-FV COM=AUG-10-heart 18-3?-inside_of_body AUG-10-monkey 1PL-PRS-10-let-FV 18-4-tree . 16-DIST 2SG-1SG-find-PFV 18-3-tree 2SG-NEG-8-see-FV AUG-PROX.8 8-PST-dangle-IPFV INTENS 18-DIST
Translation: Monkey said Now you did badly because monkeys don't have their hearts inside the body. Us monkeys we leave them in the trees. There where you met me, in the tree, didn't you see the things that were dangling in there?”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-gwina jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ ee , m-fi-bwene”
Glosses: AUG-9-monkey 9-NARR-say yes, 1SG-8-see.PFV
Translation: Crocodile said Yes, I saw them.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: jɪ-lɪnkʊ-tɪ syo n-dumbula sy-ɪnʊ ɪ-si si-li=po mu-la ? po ʊlʊ tʊ-gomok-e , tʊ-ka-tʊngʊl-e jɪ-mo”
Glosses: 9-NARR-say REF.10 10-heart 10-POSS.2PL AUG-PROX.10 10-COP=16 18-DIST then now 1PL-return-SUBJ 1PL-ITV-pick-SUBJ 9-one
Translation: It said Are those your hearts in there? Then let's return, let's pick one.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ɪ-n-gwina jɪ-lɪnkʊ-gomok-a mpaka kʊ-m-balɪ kʊ-lw-ɪsi
Glosses: then AUG-9-crocodile 9-NARR-return-FV until 17-9-side 17-11-river
Translation: Crocodile returned to the shore of the river.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ jɪ-lɪnkʊ-ba-bʊʊl-a a-ba-nine
Glosses: AUG-9-monkey 9-NARR-2-tell-FV AUG-2-companion
Translation: Monkey told the other monkeys.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: jɪ-lɪnkʊ-fyʊk-a mu-m-piki gw-a baa-mwembe
Glosses: 9-NARR-climb-FV 18-3-tree 3-ASSOC 2-mango(<SWA)
Translation: He climbed up a mango tree.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-lɪnkʊ-jɪ-koolel-a ɪ-n-gwina ʊkʊtɪ jɪ-j-e kɪfuki paa-si
Glosses: 1-NARR-9-call-FV AUG-9-crocodile COMP 9-be(come)-SUBJ near 16-below
Translation: He called crocodile so that it would be close below.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-lɪnkʊ-si-bʊʊl-a ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ ɪɪ-nine
Glosses: 1-NARR-10-tell-FV AUG-10-monkey AUG-companion.10
Translation: He told the other monkeys.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: si-lɪnkw-and-a ʊ-kʊ-jɪ-tuuny-a na=a-baa-mwembe ɪ-n-gwina
Glosses: 10-NARR-begin-FV AUG-15-9-throw-FV COM=AUG-2-mango AUG-9-crocodile
Translation: They started throwing mangoes at Crocodile.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: fyobeene ɪ-n-gwina ʊ-m̩-bɪlɪ gw-ake gʊ-ka-j-a n-nunu , paapo ba-a-jɪ-tuuny-ile fiijo
Glosses: therefore AUG-9-crocodile AUG-3-body 3-POSS.SG 3-NEG-be(come)-FV 3-good because 2-PST-9-throw-PFV INTENS
Translation: That is why, as for Crocodile, its body is not beautiful, because they threw at it hard.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: j-aaly-and-ile ʊ-kʊ-bop-a ʊ-kʊ-bop-el-a m-m-ɪɪsi
Glosses: 9-PST-begin-FV AUG-15-run-FV AUG-15-run-APPL-FV 18-6-water
Translation: It started to run, to run into the water.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ʊ-bʊ-manyaani bw-a n-gwina n=ɪ-n-gambɪlɪ bw-a-mal-iike
Glosses: AUG-14-friendship 14-ASSOC 9-crocodile COM=AUG-9-monkey 14-PST-finish-NEUT.PFV
Translation: The friendship between Crocodile and Monkey came to an end.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-ka ko ka-pango
Glosses: AUG-PROX.12 REF.12 12-story
Translation: This is the story.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po tʊ-kʊ-tɪ kalʊlʊ na nsyɪsyɪ ba-a-lɪ ba-manyaani fiijo
Glosses: then 1PL-PRS-say hare(1) COM skunk(1) 2-PST-COP 2-friend INTENS
Translation: We say, Hare and Skunk were good friends.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: b-end-aga b-oosa kʊkʊtɪ kʊ-no bi-kʊ-bʊʊk-a
Glosses: 2-PST.walk/travel-IPFV 2-all every 17-PROX 2-PRS-go-FV
Translation: They went together wherever they went.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po leelo ii-sikʊ lɪ-mo kalʊlʊ na nsyɪsyɪ ba-a-bʊʊk-ile n-kʊ-fwɪm-a
Glosses: then now/but 5-day 5-one hare(1) COM skunk(1) 2-PST-go-PFV 18-15-hunt-FV
Translation: So one day Hare and Skunk went to hunt.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po bo bi-kʊ-fwɪm-a ba-a-kol-ile ii-kanga
Glosses: then as 2-PRS-hunt-FV 2-PST-grasp/hold-PFV 5-guineafowl
Translation: When they were hunting they caught a guinea fowl.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ba-a-hobwike fiijo
Glosses: then 2-PST-be(come)_happy.PFV INTENS
Translation: They were very happy.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ba-lɪnkʊ-bʊʊk-a kʊ-ka-aja
Glosses: then 2-NARR-go-FV 17-12-homestead
Translation: They went home.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: bo ba-fik-ile kʊ-ka-aja ba-a-peeny-ile ii-kanga lɪ-la
Glosses: as 2-arrive-PFV 17-12-homestead 2-PST-remove_feathers-PFV 5-guineafowl 5-DIST
Translation: When they arrived home, they removed the feathers from that guinea fowl.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-peeny-ile
Glosses: 2-PST-remove_feathers-PFV
Translation: They removed feathers and removed feathers.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ba-aly-and-ile ʊ-k-ooky-a m-m-ooto
Glosses: then 2-PST-begin-PFV AUG-15-roast-FV 18-3-fire
Translation: They began to roast it over fire.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po bo bi-k-ooky-a po nsyɪsyɪ a-lɪnkʊ-m̩-bʊʊl-a kalʊlʊ a-lɪnkʊ-tɪ ɪɪ-nyama jɪ-p-iile , is-aga tʊ-ly-ege !”
Glosses: then as 2-PRS-roast-FV then skunk(1) 1-NARR-1-tell-FV hare(1) 1-NARR-say AUG-meat(9) 9-be(come)_burnt-PFV come-IPFV 1PL-eat-IPFV.SUBJ
Translation: As they were roasting, Skunk told Hare “The meat is done, come let's eat!”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po kalʊlʊ a-lɪnkʊ-tɪ taasi . jɪ-kaalɪ ʊ-kʊ-py-a”
Glosses: then hare(1) 1-NARR-say yet 9-PERS AUG-15-be(come)_burnt-FV
Translation: Hare said “Later. It's not yet done.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po nsyɪsyɪ a-lɪnkʊ-tɪ gwe jɪ-p-iile . is-aga tʊ-ly-ege !”
Glosses: then skunk(1) 1-NARR-say 2SG 9-be(come)_burnt-PFV come-IPFV 1PL-eat-IPFV.SUBJ
Translation: Then Skunk said “You, it's done. Come, let's eat!”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kalʊlʊ a-lɪnkʊ-tɪ jɪ-kaalɪ ʊ-kʊ-py-a”
Glosses: hare(1) 1-NARR-say 9-PERS AUG-15-be(come)_burnt-FV
Translation: Hare said “It's not yet done.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-lɪnkw-angal-a
Glosses: 2-NARR-be_well-FV
Translation: They sat together and sat together.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kangɪ nsyɪsyɪ a-lɪnkʊ-tɪ jɪ-p-iile ɪɪ-nyama , is-aga tʊ-ly-ege !”
Glosses: again skunk(1) 1-NARR-say 9-be(come)_burnt-PFV AUG-meat(9) come-IPFV 1PL-eat-IPFV.SUBJ
Translation: Then Skunk again said The meat is done, come let's eat!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Kalʊlʊ a-lɪnkʊ-tɪ jɪ-kaalɪ ʊ-kʊ-py-a”
Glosses: hare(1) 1-NARR-say 9-PERS AUG-15-be(come)_burnt-FV
Translation: Hare said “It's not yet done.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-a-l-iile pyʊ́
Glosses: 1-PST-eat-PFV o.c.c . 
Translation: He ate it up, he ate it up.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ii-sikʊ ɪ-lɪ-ngɪ po ba-lɪnkʊ-bʊʊk-a n-kʊ-lambalal-a
Glosses: 5-day AUG-5-other then 2-NARR-go-FV 18-15-lie_down-FV
Translation: ‎‎Another day they went to sleep.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po nsyɪsyɪ j-oope a-a-bʊʊk-ile
Glosses: then skunk(1) 1-also 1-PST-go-PFV
Translation: Skunk also went.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-a-j-ile kʊ-lond-a a-ma-ani
Glosses: 1-PST-go-PFV 15-search-FV AUG-6-leaf
Translation: He went and searched for leaves.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-al-iis-ile na=a-ma-ani ga-la bo a-gon-ile ʊ-tʊ-lo kalʊlʊ
Glosses: 1-PST-come-PFV COM=AUG-6-leaf 6-DIST as 1-rest-PFV AUG-13-sleep hare(1)
Translation: He came with those leaves, while Hare was asleep.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-alɪ-n-kupɪkiile pa-mwanya
Glosses: 1-PST-1-cover.PFV 16-above
Translation: He covered him [with the leaves].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po bo a-n-kupɪkiile a-a-lond-ile ɪ-n-gili , bo kalʊlʊ a-gon-ile ʊ-tʊ-lo
Glosses: then as 1-1-cover.PFV 1-PST-search-PFV AUG-9-stick as hare(1) 1-rest-PFV AUG-12-sleep
Translation: When he had covered him, he searched for a stick, while Hare was asleep.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-a-kom-ile
Glosses: 1-PST-hit-PFV
Translation: Then Skunk hit and hit and hit and hit him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-a-bop-ile pa-nja
Glosses: 1-PST-run-PFV 16-outside
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-a-sook-ile pa-nja
Glosses: 1-PST-leave-PFV 16-other
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po kalʊlʊ a-lɪnkʊ-lembʊk-a
Glosses: then hare(1) 1-NARR-awake-FV
Translation: Then Hare woke up.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: i-kʊ-kuut-a hɪhɪɪ . ba-n-gom-ile , ba-n-gom-ile , ba-n-gom-ile”
Glosses: 1-PRS-cry-FV of_crying 2-1SG-hit-PFV 2-1SG-hit-PFV 2-1SG-hit-PFV
Translation: He cries Hihii. They've beaten me, they've beaten me, they've beaten me.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po nsyɪsyɪ jw-ani a-kʊ-kom-ile ?”
Glosses: then skunk(1) 1-who 1-2SG-hit-PFV
Translation: Skunk: Who's beaten you?”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ndɪɪsi , ndɪɪsi , ndɪɪsi . ndɪɪsi , ndɪɪsi . ba-n-gom-ile .”
Glosses: I_don't_know I_don't_know I_don't_know I_don't_know I_don't_know . 2-1SG-hit-PFV
Translation: [Hare:] I don't know, I don't know, I don't know. I don't know, I don't know. They've beaten me.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po jw-ani a-kʊ-kom-ile , gwe ?”
Glosses: then 1-who 1-2SG-hit-PFV 2SG
Translation: [Skunk]: Who's beaten you?”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: gwe ndɪɪsi . ndɪɪsi , ndɪɪsi .”
Glosses: 2SG I_don't_know I_don't_know I_don't_know
Translation: [Hare:] I don't know. I don't know, I don't know.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po leelo po ii-sikʊ lɪ-mo ba-a-bʊʊk-ile b-oosa kʊ-kʊ-mog-a ɪ-n-goma
Glosses: then now/but then 5-day 5-one 2-PST-go-PFV 2-all 17-15-dance-FV AUG-9-type_of_drum
Translation: Then one day they went together to dance to the Ngoma drums.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po bo ba-fik-ile pa-la kalʊlʊ a-aly-eg-ile ɪ-n-goma
Glosses: then as 2-arrive-PFV 16-DIST hare(1) 1-PST-take-PFV AUG-9-t.o.drum
Translation: When they arrived there, Hare took a drum.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-aly-and-ile ʊ-kʊ-kom-a n-aa-l-iile j-oosa ɪɪ-nyama m-m-ooto . n-dɪnkʊ-tɪ jɪ-bwes-ile . n-dɪnkʊ-tɪ jɪ-bwes-ile”
Glosses: 1-PST-begin-PFV AUG-15-hit-FV 1SG-PST-eat-PFV 9-all AUG-meat(9) 18-3-fire 1SG-NARR-say 9-be_burnt_down-PFV 1SG-NARR-say 9-be_burnt_down-PFV”
Translation: He began to beat it I ate all the meat on the fire. I said it had burnt. I said it had burnt.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po nsyɪsyɪ a-lɪnkʊ-pɪlɪkɪsy-a
Glosses: then skunk(1) 1-NARR-listen-FV
Translation: Skunk listened.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po bo a-bɪɪk-ile paa-si ɪ-n-goma j-oope nsyɪsyɪ eeg-a ɪ-n-goma
Glosses: then as 1-put-PFV 16-below AUG-9-t.o.drum 1-also skunk(1) 1.SUBSEC.take-FV AUG-9-t.o.drum
Translation: When he [Hare] had put the drum on the ground, Skunk also took the drum.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-aly-and-ile ʊ-kʊ-kom-a ɪ-n-goma ʊ-kʊ-tɪ n-aa-lɪ-kom-ile , n-aa-lɪ-kom-ile . n-aa-lɪkomile∼lɪ-kom-ile paa-nyuma”
Glosses: 1-PST-begin-PFV AUG-15-hit-FV AUG-9-t.o.drum AUG-15-say 1SG-PST-5-hit-PFV 1SG-PST-5-hit-PFV 1SG-PST-REDUPL∼5-hit-PFV 16-back(9)
Translation: He started to beat the drum saying ”I beat him, I beat him. I beat him on the back.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po kalʊlʊ a-lɪnkʊ-pɪlɪkɪsy-a
Glosses: then hare(1) 1-NARR-listen-FV
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po bo i-kʊ-pɪlɪkɪsy-a po a-a-sumwike kalʊlʊ
Glosses: then as 1-PRS-listen-FV then 1-PST-depart.PFV hare(1)
Translation: As he was listening, Hare stood up.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-lɪnkʊ-m̩-bʊʊl-a nsyɪsyɪ ngɪmba jo ʊ-gwe gw-alɪ-n-gom-ile ?”
Glosses: 1-NARR-1-tell-FV skunk(1) behold REF.1 AUG-2SG 2SG-PST-1SG-hit-PFV
Translation: He told Skunk So it was you who beat me!?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: j-oope nsyɪsyɪ a-lɪnkʊ-tɪ ngɪmba jo ʊ-gwe gw-a-l-iile ɪɪ-nyama j-oosa ?
Glosses: 1-also skunk(1) 1-NARR-say behold REF.1 AUG-2SG 2SG-PST-eat-PFV AUG-meat(9) 9-all
Translation: Also Skunk said So you ate all the meat!?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ngɪmba jo ʊ-gwe gw-alɪ-n-gom-ile .”
Glosses: behold REF.1 AUG-2SG 2SG-PST-1SG-hit-PFV
Translation: [Hare:] So you beat me!?”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n-gʊ-tɪ jo ʊ-gwe gw-a-l-iile ɪɪ-nyama j-oosa .””
Glosses: 1SG-PRS-say REF.1 AUG-2SG 2SG-PST-eat-PFV AUG-meat(9) 9-all
Translation: [Skunk:] I'm saying You ate all the meat.””
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: n-gʊ-tɪ ngɪmba jo ʊ-gwe gw-alɪ-n-gom-ile ?” n-gʊ-kw-ani-a”
Glosses: 1SG-PRS-say behold 1.REF AUG-2SG 2SG-PST-1SG-hit-PFV 1SG-PRS-2SG-ask-FV
Translation: [Hare:] I'm saying It was you who beat me?” I'm asking you.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ngɪmba jo ʊ-gwe gw-a-l-iile ɪɪ-nyama j-oosa”
Glosses: behold REF.1 AUG-2SG 2SG-PST-eat-PFV AUG-meat(9) 9-all
Translation: [Skunk:] So you ate all the meat.”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ba-aly-angɪl-eene mu-m̩-bɪlɪ
Glosses: then 2-PST-catch-RECP.PFV 18-3-body
Translation: They grasped each other's bodies.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kol-aan-a , kol-aan-a , kol-aan-a ba-a-kol-eene
Glosses: grasp/hold-RECP-FV grasp/hold-RECP-FV grasp/hold-RECP-FV 2-PST-grasp/hold-RECP.PFV
Translation: Holding each other, holding each other, holding each other, they held each other.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po kalʊlʊ a-alɪ-n-kol-ile nsyɪsyɪ
Glosses: then hare(1) 1-PST-1-grasp/hold-PFV skunk(1)
Translation: Hare grasped Skunk.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-alɪ-m̩-bind-ile kʊ-ka-nwa
Glosses: 1-PST-1-squeeze-PFV 17-12-mouth
Translation: He squeezed around his [Skunk's] snout.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-aly-and-ile ʊ-kʊ-bind-a kʊ-ka-nwa
Glosses: 1-PST-begin-PFV AUG-15-squeeze-FV 17-12-mouth
Translation: He began to squeeze around his snout.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po j-oope nsyɪsyɪ a-a-kol-ile ɪ-m-bʊlʊkʊtʊ sy-a kalʊlʊ
Glosses: then 1-also skunk(1) 1-PST-grasp/hold-PFV AUG-10-ear 10-ASSOC hare(1)
Translation: Also Skunk grasped Hare's ears.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-aly-and-ile ʊ-kʊ-luus-a , ʊ-kʊ-luus-a
Glosses: 1-PST-begin-FV AUG-15-pull-FV AUG-15-pull-PFV
Translation: He started to pull, to pull.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-lɪnkʊ-lw-a
Glosses: 2-NARR-fight-FV
Translation: They fought and fought and fought.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po leelo j-aal-iis-ile ɪ-m-bwa
Glosses: then now/but 9-PST-come-PFV AUG-9-dog
Translation: Then Dog came.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: j-aa-t-ile ʊ-mwe na=mu-lek-e ʊ-kʊ-lw-a !”
Glosses: 9-PST-say-PFV AUG-2PL COM=2PL-let-SUBJ AUG-15-fight-FV
Translation: He said “You (pl.), now stop fighting!”
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ba-a-lek-eene
Glosses: then 2-PST-let-RECP.PFV
Translation: They released each other.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po lʊʊ∼lʊ nsyɪsyɪ kʊ-bobonjeele kʊ-ka-nwa
Glosses: then REDUPL∼now skunk(1) 17-be(come)_flat.PFV 17-12-mouth
Translation: So now Skunk is flat at the snout.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kalʊlʊ , ɪ-m-bʊlʊkʊtʊ n-dali
Glosses: hare(1) AUG-10-ear 10-long
Translation: As for Hare, his ears are long.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-ka-sumo ka-a kʊ-mog-a
Glosses: AUG-12-custom 12-ASSOC 15-dance-FV
Translation: The custom of dancing.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-li=po a-ba-ndʊ b-a ijolo a-ba-tasi
Glosses: 2-PST-COP=16 AUG-2-person 2-ASSOC old_times AUG-2-ancestor
Translation: There were the people of old times, the ancestors.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-lɪ n=ii-penenga
Glosses: 2-PST-COP COM=5-type_of_drum
Translation: They had the Penenga drum.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ɪ-n-dingala ɪ-jɪ j-aa-job-igw-aga ʊkʊtɪ ii-penenga
Glosses: AUG-9-drum AUG-PROX.9 9-PST-speak-PASS-IPFV COMP 5-penenga
Translation: This drum was called Penenga.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ʊ-lʊ-sumo lw-ake ba-a-mog-aga fiijo
Glosses: then AUG-11-custom 11-POSS.SG 2-PST-dance-IPFV INTENS
Translation: As to its custom, they danced much.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kʊ-kʊ-mog-a kw-ake ba-a-fwal-aga kanunu fiijo
Glosses: 17-15-dance-FV 15-POSS.SG 2-PST-dress/wear-IPFV well INTENS
Translation: For the dancing they dressed well.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: b-oog-aga fiijo
Glosses: 2-PST.bathe-IPFV INTENS
Translation: They bathed well.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-mo ba-a-sanjʊl-aga n=ɪɪ-nywili
Glosses: 2-one 2-PST-comb-IPFV COM=AUG-hair(10)
Translation: Some combed their hair.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: sy-a-fyʊk-aga fiijo
Glosses: 10-PST-climb-IPFV INTENS
Translation: It stood much.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-sanjʊl-aga
Glosses: 2-PST-comb-IPFV
Translation: They combed it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-t-ɪgɪ ɪ-fi-bwesi
Glosses: 2-PST-say-IPFV AUG-8-type_of_hairstyle
Translation: They called it Fibwesi [hairstyle].
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-mo ba-a-sanjʊl-aga
Glosses: 2-one 2-PST-comb-IPFV
Translation: Some combed it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-bɪɪk-aga n=ɪɪ-syɪti
Glosses: 2-PST-put-IPFV COM=AUG-parting(9)
Translation: They parted it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-kol-aga na=a-ma-koma ng'ombe ga-a kʊ-mog-el-a
Glosses: 2-PST-grasp/hold-IPFV COM=AUG-6-hit cow(9) 6-ASSOC 15-dance-APPL-FV
Translation: They also used whips for dancing.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ga-a-j-aga a-ma-fume fiijo
Glosses: 6-PST-be(come)-IPFV AUG-6-embroidered INTENS
Translation: They were nicely embroidered.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ga-a-fwan-aga mu-ndʊ a-ti-kʊ-kol-a=po
Glosses: 6-PST-resemble-IPFV 1-person 1-NEG-PRS-grasp/hold-FV=PART
Translation: They [were so clean that it] appeared as if a person never held them at all.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: looli leelo ngɪmba a-ba-ndʊ bi-kʊ-kol-a kʊʊ-nongwa j-aa kʊ-tɪ a-ba-ndʊ ba-la ba-a-j-aga b-iifyʊsi fiijo
Glosses: but now/but behold AUG-2-person 2-PRS-grasp/hold-FV 17-issue(9) 9-ASSOC 15-say AUG-2-person 2-DIST 2-PST-be(come)-IPFV 2-clean INTENS
Translation: But truely, behold, people hold them because those people were very neat.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po lɪnga bo ba-lɪ pa-kʊ-mog-a ba-a-mog-aga
Glosses: then if/when as 2-COP 16-15-dance-PFV 2-PST-dance-IPFV
Translation: When people were dancing, they danced.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ba-a-labɪl-aga ʊ-bʊ-pande bʊ-mo bw-ene
Glosses: 2-PST-go_in_direction-IPFV AUG-14-side<SWA 14-one 14-self
Translation: They tilted to one side.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: lɪnga bi-kʊ-sanuk-a kangɪ ba-a-sanuk-ɪl-aga ʊ-bʊ-pande
Glosses: if/when 2-PRS-alter-FV again 2-PST-alter-APPL-IPFV AUG-14-side
Translation: When they turned, they turned to the [other] side.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: lʊmo ba-a-bop-el-aga na n-ky-eni
Glosses: maybe 2-PST-run-APPL-IPFV COM 18-7-forehead
Translation: Sometimes they would run to the front.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po a-ba-kiikʊlʊ ba-a-j-anga=po ba-la ba-a kʊ-luluutɪl-a ʊkʊtɪ lulululululu”
Glosses: then AUG-2-woman 2-PST-be(come)-IPFV=16 2-DIST 2-ASSOC 15-ululuate-FV COMP of_ululating
Translation: As for the women, there were those that ululuated lulululululu.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: halafu lɪnga ba-luluutiile po ba-a-mog-aga fiijo
Glosses: afterwards(<SWA) if/when 2-ululate.PFV then 2-PST-dance-IPFV INTENS
Translation: When they [women] had ululuated, they [men] danced much.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: j-oope ɪ-n-dingala ba-a-kʊb-aga fiijo
Glosses: 9-also AUG-9-drum 2-PST-beat-IPFV INTENS
Translation: They also beated the drum hard.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po lɪnga ba-kʊb-ile bo ʊ-lʊ , lɪnga jɪ-lɪ kw-Itete kʊ-la , j-iis-aga kʊ-fik-a mpaka kʊ-no
Glosses: then if/when 2-beat-PFV as AUG-PROX.11 if/when 9-COP 17-I . 17-DIST 9-PST.come-IPFV 15-arrive-FV until 17-PROX
Translation: When they beated it like this, if it was in Itete over there, it [noise] would come to reach this place here.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a-ka-sumo ka-tɪ fi , ka-nog-eliile
Glosses: AUG-12-custom 12-say what 12-be_satisfying-INTS.PFV
Translation: The custom is what, it is very enjoyable.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po a-ba-ndʊ b-iisʊl-aga pa-la pa-kʊ-keet-a
Glosses: then AUG-2-person 2.PST-be(come)_full-IPFV 16-DIST 16-15-watch-FV
Translation: People crowded there to look.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kʊʊ-nongwa j-aa kʊ-tɪ fi-ki , ba-a-mog-aga kanunu fiijo
Glosses: 17-issue(9) 9-ASSOC 15-say 8-what 2-PST-dance-IPFV well INTENS
Translation: For what reason, [because] they danced very well.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po lɪnga ba-mog-ile kʊ-lʊ-mogo lw-abo a-ba-ndʊ ba-a-hobok-aga fiijo
Glosses: then if/when 2-dance-PFV 17-11-dance 11-POSS.PL AUG-2-person 2-PST-be(come)_happy-IPFV INTENS
Translation: When they danced, people rejoiced much at their dance.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kʊʊ-nongawa j-aa kʊ-ti fi-ndʊ fi-ki , jʊ-la ʊ-gw-a kʊ-kʊb-a j-oope a-kʊb-ile kanunu , a-ba-a kʊ-mog-a ba-mog-ile kanunu
Glosses: 17-issue(9) 9-ASSOC 15-say 8-thing 8-what 1-DIST AUG-1-ASSOC 15-beat-FV 1-also 1-beat-PFV well AUG-2-ASSOC 15-dance-FV 2-dance-PFV well
Translation: For what reason, [because] the drum player had played well, the dancers had danced well.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po bo n̩di sisii∼si po lo lw-iho lw-ɪtʊ twe ba-Nyakyusa
Glosses: then as 18 REDUPL∼PROX.10 then REF.11 11-custom 11-POSS.1PL 1PL 2-Ny . 
Translation: So this is the custom of us, the Nyakyusa people.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ii-penenga ɪ-lɪ ba-a-b-oot-aga n=ʊ-kʊ-b-oot-a lɪnga pamo si-li=mo ɪɪ-ʃerehe
Glosses: 5-t.o.drum AUG-PROX.5 2-PST-2-invite-IPFV COM=AUG-15-2-invite-FV if/when or 10-COP=18 AUG-festivity(9)(<SWA)
Translation: As for that drum, they invited and invited people when there was a celebration.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po ba-a-bʊʊk-aga kʊ-kʊ-mog-a
Glosses: then 2-PST-go-IPFV 17-15-dance-FV
Translation: So they went to dance.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po palɪ sisii∼si si-lɪ m̩-bʊ-pimba , m̩-bʊ-pimba
Glosses: then 16 REDUPL∼PROX.10 10-COP 18-14-short 18-14-short
Translation: So this is it in short, in short.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: po si-tumukiile papaa∼pa
Glosses: then 10-end_at.PFV REDUPL∼PROX.16
Translation: It has finished right here.
Language: Min Dong Chinese
Transcription: Lɯ chyaʔ pa bɔy ?
Glosses: you eat full not.yet
Translation: Have you already eaten?’ (tones not indicated)
Language: Spanish
Transcription: Pedro compró/rompió una llave y también Juan .
Glosses: Pedro bought/broke a key/etc . and also Juan
Translation: Pedro bought/broke a key/faucet/wrench, and so did Juan.
Language: Spanish
Transcription: Pedro encontró una llave al igual que Juan .
Glosses: Pedro found a key/etc . to.the same that Juan
Translation: Pedro found a key/faucet/wrench, just like Juan did.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: Sasaki sensei=wa watasi=ni koo o-hanasi .ni .nat-ta .
Glosses: Sasaki teacher=TOP 1sg=DAT this.way speak.HON-PAST
Translation: Prof. Sasaki told me this way.
Language: Japanese
Transcription: *Ame=ga o-huri .ni .nat-ta .
Glosses: rain=NOM fall.HON-PAST
Translation: (intended: ‘It rained.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ame=ga huri-mas-en desi-ta .
Glosses: rain=NOM fall-HON-NEG COP-PAST
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ame=wa huri-masi-ta-ka ?
Glosses: rain=TOP fall-HON-PAST-Q
Translation: Did it rain?’ (polite speech)
Language: Korean
Transcription: Chayk=ul ilk-ess-supnita .
Glosses: book=ACC read-PAST-DECL.FORM
Translation: I read the book.’ 5cmChayk=ul ilk-usipsio.
Language: Korean
Transcription: Chayk=ul ilk-ess-eyo .
Glosses: book=ACC read-PAST-DECL.POL
Translation: I read the book.’ 5cmChayk=ul ilk-useyyo.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Chayk=ul ilk-ess-e .
Glosses: book=ACC read-PAST-DECL.INT
Translation: I read the book.’ 5cmChayk=ul ilk-e.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Chayk=ul ilk-ess-ta .
Glosses: book=ACC read-PAST-DECL
Translation: I read the book.’ 5cmChayk=ul ilk-ela.
Language: Korean
Transcription: Pi=ka w-ayo .
Glosses: rain=NOM come-DECL.POL
Translation: It is raining.’ (polite)
Language: Korean
Transcription: Pi=ka an-w-ayo .
Glosses: rain=NOM NEG-come-DECL.POL
Translation: It is not raining.’ (polite)
Language: Korean
Transcription: Pi=ka w-ayo ?
Glosses: rain=NOM come-DECL.POL
Translation: Is it raining?’ (polite)
Language: Spanish
Transcription: María busca a un profesor que enseñ-a griego .
Glosses: Maria looks.for to a professor who teaches-IND Greek . 
Translation: Maria is looking for a professor who teaches Greek.
Language: Spanish
Transcription: María busca (a) un profesor que enseñ-e griego .
Glosses: Maria looks.for to a professor who teaches-SBJV Greek . 
Translation: Maria is looking for a professor who teaches Greek.
Language: Greek
Transcription: Theloume na proslavoume mia gramatea [pu gnorizi kala japonezika .]
Glosses: want.1PL SBJV hire.1PL a secretary REL know.3SG good Japanese
Translation: We want to hire a secretary that has good knowledge of Japanese.’ (Her name is Jane Smith.)
Language: Greek
Transcription: Theloume na proslavoume mia gramatea [pu na gnorizi kala japonezika .]
Glosses: want.1PL SBJV hire.1PL a secretary REL SBJV know.3SG good Japanese
Translation: We want to hire a secretary that has good knowledge of Japanese.’ (But it is hard to find one, and we are not sure if we will be successful.)
Language: Greek
Transcription: I Roxani theli na pandrefti {enan/*ton} andra [pu na exi pola lefta].
Glosses: the R . want.3SG SBJV marry.3SG {a/*the} man REL SBJV have much money
Translation: Roxanne wants to marry a/*the man who has a lot of money.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Prepi na grapso mia ergasia [pu *(na)_ ine pano apo 15 selidhes .]
Glosses: must.3SG SBJV write.1SG an essay REL SBJV is more than 15 pages
Translation: I have to write an essay longer than 15 pages.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: wá7=k’a s-t’al l=ti=tsítcw-s=a s=Philomena
Glosses: be=EPIS STAT-stop in=DET=house-3sg.POSS=EXIS NOM=Philomena
Translation: Philomena must/might be in her house.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: lán=lhkacw=ka áts’x-en ti=kwtámts-sw=a
Glosses: already=2sg.SUBJ=DEON see-DIR DET=husband-2sg.POSS=EXIS
Translation: You must/can/may see your husband now.
Language: Kalaallisut
Transcription: Inna-jaa-ssa-atit .
Glosses: go.to.bed-early-NEC-IND.2sg
Translation: You must go to bed early.
Language: Kalaallisut
Transcription: Københavni-mii-ssa-aq .
Glosses: Copenhagen-be.in-NEC-IND.3sg
Translation: She must be in Copenhagen.
Language: Kalaallisut
Transcription: Timmi-sinnaa-vuq .
Glosses: fly-can-IND.3sg
Translation: It can fly.
Language: Kalaallisut
Transcription: Nuum-mut aalla-reer-sinnaa-galuar-poq …
Glosses: Nuuk-ALLATIVE leave-already-can-however-3sg.IND …
Translation: He may well have left for Nuuk already, but…
Language: German
Transcription: Er muss nicht zu hause bleiben .
Glosses: he must not at home remain
Translation: He doesn’t have to stay home.
Language: German
Transcription: Er muss nicht zu Hause geblieben sein . Er kann auch weggegangen sein .
Glosses: he must not at home remained be he can also away.gone be
Translation: It doesn’t have to be the case that he stayed home (or: He didn’t necessarily stay home). He may also have gone away.
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: Dia mesti tidak belajar .
Glosses: 3SG must NEG study
Translation: He must not study.
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: Dia tidak mesti belajar .
Glosses: 3SG NEG must study
Translation: He is not obliged to study.
Language: Tenggarong Kutai Malay
Transcription: Inflasi tidak mesti ber-punca dari pemerintah…
Glosses: inflation NEG must MID-source from government
Translation: Inflation does not have to have the government as its source…
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Hiburan itu tidak mesti mem-bahagia-kan , tapi kebahagiaan itu sudah pasti meng-hibur-kan .
Glosses: entertainment that NEG must bless/make.happy but happiness that already certain comfort/entertain
Translation: Entertainment does not necessarily bring happiness, but happiness will definitely bring comfort.
Language: Tagalog
Transcription: Mabuti raw ang=ani .
Glosses: good HEARSAY NOM=harvest
Translation: They say that the harvest is good.
Language: Yauyos Quechua
Transcription: Qam-pis maqa-ma-shka-nki=mi .
Glosses: you-also hit-1.OBJ-PRF-2.SUBJ=DIRECT
Translation: You also hit me (I saw and/or felt it).
Language: Yauyos Quechua
Transcription: Qam-pis maqa-ma-shka-nki=shi .
Glosses: you-also hit-1.OBJ-PRF-2.SUBJ=HEARSAY
Translation: (Someone told me that) you also hit me (I was drunk and can’t remember).
Language: Yauyos Quechua
Transcription: Qam-pis maqa-ma-shka-nki=chi .
Glosses: you-also hit-1.OBJ-PRF-2.SUBJ=CONJECT
Translation: (I infer that) you also hit me.
Language: Tuyuca
Transcription: díiga apé-wi
Glosses: soccer play-VISUAL
Language: Tuyuca
Transcription: díiga apé-ti
Glosses: soccer play-NONVISUAL
Translation: He played soccer.’ (I heard the game and him, but I didn’t see it or him.)
Language: Tuyuca
Transcription: díiga apé-yi
Glosses: soccer play-INFERENCE
Translation: He played soccer.’ (I have seen evidence that he played: his distinctive shoe print on the playing field. But I did not see him play.)
Language: Tuyuca
Transcription: díiga apé-yigi
Glosses: soccer play-HEARSAY
Translation: He played soccer.’ (I obtained the information from someone else.)
Language: Tuyuca
Transcription: díiga apé-hĩyi
Glosses: soccer play-ASSUMED
Translation: He played soccer.’ (It is reasonable to assume that he did.)
Language: German
Transcription: Kim soll einen neuen Job angeboten bekommen haben .
Glosses: Kim should a new job offered get have
Translation: Kim has supposedly been offered a new job.
Language: Khalaj Turkic
Transcription: zefer qazan-miş-miş-am
Glosses: victory win-PRF-INDIRECT-1SG
Translation: reportedly I have won
Language: Yauyos Quechua
Transcription: Ines-qa mana=s qaynunchaw ñaña-n-ta-chu watuku-rqa-n .
Glosses: Inés-TOP not=REPORT yesterday sister-3-ACC-NEG visit-PAST1-3
Language: Yauyos Quechua
Transcription: Ines-qa qaynunchay ñaña-n-ta=s watuku-sqa .
Glosses: Inés-TOP yesterday sister-ACC=REPORT visit-PAST2
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mana=n chiqaq-chu . Manta-n-ta-lla=n watuku-rqa-n .
Glosses: not=DIRECT true-NEG mother-3-ACC-LIMIT=DIRECT visit-PAST1-3
Translation: That’s not true. She only visited her mother.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mana=n chiqaq-chu . #Mana=n chay-ta willa-rqa-sunki-chu .
Glosses: not=DIRECT true-NEG not=DIRECT this-ACC tell-PAST1-3S.2O-NEG
Translation: That’s not true. #You were not told this.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mana(*=si) para-sha-n-chu chayqa ri-sun-chis .
Glosses: not=REPORT rain-PROG-3-NEG then go-1.FUT-PL
Translation: If it is not raining we will go.
Language: Yauyos Quechua
Transcription: Para-sha-n=si , ichaqa mana crei-ni-chu .
Glosses: rain-PROG-3=REPORT but not believe-1-NEG
Translation: It is raining (someone says), but I don’t believe it.
Language: Cheyenne
Transcription: É-hoo'kȯhó-nėse naa oha ná-sáa-oné'séomátséstó-he-⌀.
Glosses: 3-rain-REPORT.INAN.SG and CONTR 1-NEG-believeINAN-MODANIM-DIR
Translation: It’s raining, they say, but I don’t believe it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Um’-en-tsal-itás ku7 i án’was-a xetspqíqen’kst táola , t’u7 aoz kw s-7um’-en-tsál-itas ku stam’.
Glosses: give-DIR-1sg.OBJ-3pl.ERG REPORT DET.PL two-DET hundred dollar but NEG DET NOM-give-DIR-1sg.OBJ-3pl.ERG DET what
Translation: They gave me $200 [I was told], but they didn’t give me anything.
Language: Yauyos Quechua
Transcription: Pilar-qa yacha-sha-n Marya-q hamu-sqa-n-ta{-n/-s/-chá}.
Glosses: Pilar-TOP know-PROG-3 Marya-GEN come-PAST.PTCP-3-ACC{-DIR/-REPORT/-CONJECT}
Translation: propositional content = ‘Pilar knows that Marya came.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tsut s-Lémya7 kw sqwemémn’ek ku7 s-Mary , t’u7 plán-lhkan ti7 zwát-en — áts’x-en-lhkan s-Mary áta7 tecwp-álhcw-a inátcwas .
Glosses: say NOM-name DET pregnant REPORT NOM-name but already-1sg.SUBJ DEM know-DIR — see-DIR-1sg.SUBJ NOM-name DEIC buy-place-DET yesterday
Translation: Lémya7 said that [she was told that] Mary is pregnant, but I already knew that — I had seen Mary at the store yesterday.
Language: German
Transcription: Ich habe den Bus verpasst , weil ich spät dran war .
Glosses: 1SG AUX the.ACC bus missed because 1SG late there was
Translation: I missed the bus because I got there late.
Language: German
Transcription: Die Straße ist ganz naß , weil es geregnet hat .
Glosses: the.NOM street is all wet because it rained AUX
Translation: The street is wet because it rained.
Language: German
Transcription: Es hat geregnet , denn die Straße ist ganz naß .
Glosses: it has rained because the.NOM street is all wet
Translation: It was raining, because the street is wet.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Denn ich habe schon wieder Hunger .
Glosses: because 1SG have already again hunger
Translation: Is there anything left over from lunch? Because I’m already hungry again.
Language: German
Transcription: Ich habe zwei Hunde gekauft .
Glosses: 1SG.NOM have two dogs bought.PTCP
Translation: I have bought two dogs.
Language: German
Transcription: Sie sagt , daß er dieses Buch gelesen hätte .
Glosses: 3SG.F.NOM says that 3SG.M.NOM this.ACC book read have.SBJV
Translation: She says that he has read this book.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: — Weil sie eine Maus sah .
Glosses: — because she a mouse saw
Translation: Why did the cat jump? — Because it saw a mouse.
Language: German
Transcription: [Sondern er hatte noch zu tun .]
Glosses: rather he had still to do
Translation: Paul wasn’t late because he missed the bus.
Language: German
Transcription: Wer kam zu spät , weil er den Bus verpaßt hat ?
Glosses: who came too late because he the bus missed has
Translation: Who was late because he missed the bus?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ich glaube nicht , daß Peter nach Hause geht , weil er Kopfschmerzen hat .
Glosses: 1SG believe NEG COMP Peter to home goes because he headache has
Translation: I don’t believe that Peter is going home because he has a headache.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ja , die ganze Straße steht unter Wasser , weil es geregnet hat .
Glosses: yes the whole street stands under water because it rained has
Translation: It rained a lot today.
Language: Portuguese
Transcription: Se ela é italiana , ela é européia .
Glosses: if she is Italian she is European
Translation: If/since she is Italian she is European.’ (I know that she is Italian.)
Language: Portuguese
Transcription: Se ela for italiana , ela é européia .
Glosses: if she be.3sg.FUT.SBJV Italian she is European
Translation: If she be Italian she is European.’ (I do not know whether she is Italian or not.)
Language: Portuguese
Transcription: Se ela fosse italiana , ela seria européia .
Glosses: if she be.3sg.IPFV.SBJV Italian she would.be.COND European
Translation: If she were Italian she would be European.’ (I know that she is not Italian.)
Language: Russian
Transcription: Esli ja pribudu na vokzal , menja posadjat v tjur’mu .
Glosses: if I arrive.IND at station me put.IND in prison
Translation: If I arrive at the station, they will throw me in prison.
Language: Russian
Transcription: Esli by ja pribyl na vokzal , menja by posadili v tjur’mu .
Glosses: if COND I arrive.COND at station me COND put.COND in prison
Translation: If I had shown up at the station, they would have thrown me in prison.
Language: Arabic
Transcription: Dá leanfadh sé dá chúrsa , bheadh deireadh leis .
Glosses: if follow.COND he of.his course be.COND end with.him
Translation: If he had persisted in his course, he’d have been finished.
Language: Arabic
Transcription: Má leanann tú de do chúrsa , beidh aithreachas ort .
Glosses: if follow.PRES you of your course be.FUT regret on.you
Translation: If you persist in your (present) course, you’ll be sorry.
Language: Kimaragang
Transcription: Ong noguring no koniab ino , atanaman no do paray benoy dara .
Glosses: if plowed.POTENT.PST already yesterday that planted.POTENT.NPST already ACC rice today FRUS
Translation: If that (field) had been plowed yesterday, it could have been planted with rice today.
Language: Kimaragang
Transcription: Amu dara agamit i kambing ong konoko ginipit sid susut .
Glosses: NEG FRUS caught.POTENT.NPST NOM goat if not trapped.PST LOC below
Translation: The goat could not have been caught if we hadn’t trapped it under the house.
Language: Kimaragang
Transcription: Ong amu nu ibaray ino siin dino , mangan tekaw posutay .
Glosses: if NEG you pay that money that AUX I.you cane
Translation: If you don’t pay that money I’ll cane you.
Language: Kimaragang
Transcription: Kaanak=i’ dati yalo dilo’ ong sumambat do=duktur .
Glosses: able.to.bear.child=EMPH PROB 3SG that if meet ACC=doctor
Translation: She could probably have children if she goes to the doctor.
Language: Standard Indonesian
Transcription: Musuko=ga ikite i-tara , ii noni naa !
Glosses: son=NOM alive be-if good though EXCLAM
Translation: If my son is alive, I’ll be so happy.
Language: German
Transcription: [Als Jan weg-gaat] ga ik ook weg .
Glosses: if John away-goes go I also away
Translation: If John goes away, I will go away too.
Language: German
Transcription: [Als je het wil weten] 4 is geen priem getal .
Glosses: if you it want know 4 is no prime number
Translation: If you want to know, 4 is not a prime number.
Language: German
Transcription: [Wenn Du mich brauchst], bleibe ich den ganzen Tag zu Hause .
Glosses: if you me need stay I the whole day at house
Translation: [If you need me], (only then) I will stay at home all day.
Language: German
Transcription: [Wenn Du mich brauchst], ich bleibe den ganzen Tag zu Hause .
Glosses: if you me need I stay the whole day at house
Translation: [If you need me], I’ll be at home all day (anyway).
Language: Lithuanian
Transcription: dirb-au
Glosses: work-1SG.PAST
Translation: I worked/ was working
Language: Lithuanian
Transcription: dirb-u
Glosses: work-1SG.PRESENT
Translation: I work/ am working
Language: Lithuanian
Transcription: dirb-s-iu
Glosses: work-FUTURE-1SG
Translation: I will work/ will be working