lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-tʂɯnlɤn ɲɯ-nɯ-fsɯɣ-a ɯ-ɲɯ-tɯ-sɯsɤm nɤ , nɯ tɤ-ste ti ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-favour IPFV-AUTO-pay.back-1SG Q-IPFV-2-think[III] LNK DEM IMP-do.this.way[III] say:FACT SENS-be
Translation: Direct: `If you think “I will return the favour (which I received from you)", do like that.
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕʰi tu-tɯ-ste ŋu , [kɤ-sɤ-fstɯn]
Glosses: what IPFV-2-do.like[III] be:FACT INF-APASS-serve
Translation: How do you treat people?' (2002 qaCpa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɤʑo kɤ-ɕɯ-nŋo] aʑo mɯ-ɲɯ-cʰa-a
Glosses: 2SG INF-CAUS-be.defeated 1SG NEG-IPFV-can-1SG
Translation: I cannot defeat you anymore.' (140513 abide he mogui-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [lɯlu kɯ aʑo ʁnɯz ʑo ka-ndo] pɯ-mto-t-a
Glosses: cat ERG 1SG two EMPH AOR:3→3-take AOR-see-PST:TR-1SG
Translation: I saw a cat catching two of them.' (22-kumpGatCW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: fsapaʁ ra [kɤ-ndza] wuma rga-nɯ
Glosses: animals PL INF-eat very like:FACT-PL
Translation: Farm animals like to eat it.' (19-qachGa mWntoR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [paʁ ra kɯ kɤ-ndza] wuma ʑo rga-nɯ
Glosses: pig PL ERG INF-eat very EMPH like:FACT-PL
Translation: Pigs like to eat it.' (12 ndZiNgri)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [<xinbada> nɯ tɕe li tɯ-ŋke] to-ʑa
Glosses: Sinbad DEM LNK again INF-walk IFR-begin
Translation: Sinbad started to walk again.' (140511 xinbada-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ kɯ [nɯɕimɯma ʑo tɯ-nɯrɤɣo] cʰɤ-ʑa
Glosses: bird DEM ERG immediately EMPH INF-sing IFR-begin
Translation: The bird immediately started to sing.' (140514 huishuohua de niao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [mɤ-kɤ-ɕe] nɯ mɤ-kʰɯ ri
Glosses: NEG-INF-go DEM NEG-be.possible:FACT LNK
Translation: [I] have no choice but to go.' (2005 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: sɤtɕʰa nɯ ju-rɤtɣe kɯ-fse qʰe , tu-ŋke ma nɯ ma [ɲɯ-nɯqambɯmbjom] ra mɯ́j-spe
Glosses: ground DEM IPFV-measure.by.span INF:STAT-be.like LNK IPFV-walk LNK DEM apart.from IPFV-fly PL NEG:SENS-be.able[III]
Translation: The [inchworm] moves as if it were measuring the ground span by span, it is not able fly.' (26-qambalWla)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯra [tɕʰeme jɤ-ɣɯt-a] ra mɯ-to-ti .
Glosses: DEM.PL girl AOR-bring-1SG PL NEG-IFR-say
Translation: He did not say that he had brought a girl home (and the related events).' (150909 hua pi-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [pɣɤtɕɯ ra tɯ-mbri] ra ta-ʑa-nɯ pɯ-tsu
Glosses: bird PL INF:II-cry PL AOR:3→3-start-PL PST.IPFV-have.time.to
Translation: [The solar eclipse] lasted long enough for the birds to start singing (as if night had come).' (29-RmGWzWn)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-nɯ-βlɯ] kɯnɤ mɤ-sna
Glosses: INF-AUTO-burn also NEG-be.good:FACT
Translation: It is not even good for burning (as firewood).' (11-qarGW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-mtsʰɤm] ma nɯ ma mɯ-pɯ-rɲo-t-a
Glosses: INF-hear LNK DEM apart.from NEG-AOR-experience-PST:TR-1SG
Translation: I only heard about it.' (I did not see it and do not even claim that it exists, of a mythological animal) (20-RmbroN)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯ-mna to-ʑa tɕe
Glosses: INF:II-be.better IFR:UP-start LNK
Translation: He started getting better.' (150907 yingning-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-χpi ɯ-fɕɤt pjɤ-ʑa .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-story 3SG.POSS-BARE.INF:tell IFR:DOWN-start
Translation: He started telling her a story.' (140517 buaishuohua-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯ-fsoʁ lo-ʑa tɕe ,
Glosses: INF:II-be.light IFR:UPSTREAM-start LNK
Translation: The day broke.' (140511 yinzi-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɟuli ɯ-lɤt cʰɤ-ʑa
Glosses: flute 3SG.POSS-BARE.INF:release IFR:DOWNSTREAM-start
Translation: He started playing the flute.' (140513 mutong de disheng-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯ-rɟaʁ ko-ʑa-ndʑi
Glosses: INF:II-dance IFR:EAST-start-DU
Language: Japhug
Transcription: li tɯ-ɕe jo-ʑa
Glosses: again INF:II-go IFR:INDEFINITE-start
Translation: He started leaving.' (140511 xinbada-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rɤɣo cʰɤ-ʑa
Glosses: song IFR:DOWNSTREAM-start
Translation: It started singing (i.e. began a song).' (140519 yeying-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pɣɤtɕɯ nɯ kɯ nɯɕimɯma ʑo tɯ-nɯrɤɣo cʰɤ-ʑa
Glosses: bird DEM ERG immediately EMPH INF-sing IFR:DOWNSTREAM-start
Translation: The bird immediately started to sing.' (140514 huishuohua de niao)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: <kaoshi> pɯ-cʰa
Glosses: exam AOR-can
Translation: He passed the exam.' (12-BzaNsa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-pɤtso nɯ kɯ nɯra [tɯ~ta-tɯt] nɯra pjɤ-cʰa
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-child DEM ERG DEM:PL TOTAL~AOR:3→3-say[II] DEM:PL IFR-can
Translation: The child had succeeded in doing everything that [the old king] had said.' (140428 yonggan de xiaocaifeng-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɯ-wa tɕʰi tɤ-stu-t-a] nɯ tu-ste-a ɲɯ-ɬoʁ
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-father what AOR-do.like-PST:TR-1SG DEM IPFV-do.like[III]-1SG SENS-be.needed
Translation: I have to deal with him in the same way as I dealt with his father. (=How I treated his father, I have to treat him like that)' (2012 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯɕimɯma ʑo iɕqʰa [kɯm nɯtɕu ɯ-ftaʁ tɤ-kɤ-ta] nɯ pjɤ-mto
Glosses: immediately EMPH the.aforementioned door DEM:LOC 3SG.POSS-mark PDV-INF/OBJ:PCP-put DEM IFR-see
Translation: She immediately saw the mark that had been put on the door / that someone had put a mark on the door.' (140512 alibaba-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: lo-fsoʁ tɕe tɕe tɤ-mu nɯ [ɯ-tɕɯ ɯ-kɯ-ɕar] cʰɤ-ɕe tɕe ,
Glosses: IFR-be.bright LNK LNK INDEF.POSS-mother DEM 3SG.POSS-son 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-search IFR:DOWNSTREAM-go LNK
Translation: When the sun came up (in the morning), the mother went to look for her son.' (tWJo 2012)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pri nɯ [ɯ-zda ɯ-kɯ-ɕar] jo-ɬoʁ .
Glosses: bear DEM 3SG.POSS-companion 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-search IFR-come.out
Translation: The bear came out to look for its companion (another bear).' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kʰro kɤ-mto] mɯ́j-ɣi ma ɯ-kɤ-ndza ɣɤʑu .
Glosses: much OBJ:PCP-see NEG:SENS-come LNK 3SG.POSS-OBJ:PCP-eat exist:SENS
Translation: (In the years when there are a lot of things to eat in the forest), it_i does not come to [places where it_i can] be seen, because it_i has things to eat. (23-pGAYaR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo βlama tɤ-nɯβlɤmtɕʰat-a
Glosses: 1SG lama AOR-ask.to.perform.a.task-1SG
Translation: I asked a lama to perform a [ceremony] for me.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯ-nɯβlɤmtɕʰɤt ɕe-a ra
Glosses: SBJ:PCP-ask.to.perform.a.task go:FACT-1SG be.needed:FACT
Translation: (Their lama said:) `I have to go to perform [a ceremony at someone's invitation].' (160720 kandZislama)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-fso-soz tɕe , [tɤ-rɟit ra kɯ nɯ ɯ-kɯ-ɕar] jo-ɕe-nɯ ɲɯ-ŋu tɕe
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-tomorrow-morning LNK INDEF.POSS-child PL ERG DEM 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-search IFR:UPSTREAM-go SENS-be LNK
Translation: The next morning, the children went (there) to look for him.' (2012 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɯ-wa nɯ kɯ kʰapa tɕe ɯ-kɯ-n-nɤjo] pjɤ-ɣi .
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-father DEM ERG downstairs LOC 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-AUTO-wait IFR:DOWN-come
Translation: His father came downstairs to wait for him.' (140506 loBzi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯ-maqʰu tɕe , tɤ-tɕɯ nɯ [kɯ-si] to-rɤŋgat
Glosses: SBJ:PCP-be.after LNK INDEF.POSS-son DEM SBJ:PCP-die IFR-be.about.to
Translation: The man was about to die.' (2002 rkongrgjal2)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [tsʰɤt ɯ-kɯ-mtsʰi] ci jɤ-ɣe tɕe
Glosses: goat 3SG.POSS-lead INDEF AOR-come[II] LNK
Translation: Someone came leading a goat.' (chen-pear)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-mbro ɯ-ndʐi nɯra [kɤ-ntsɣe] jo-tsɯm
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-horse 3SG.POSS-skin DEM:PL OBJ:PCP-sell IFR-take.away
Translation: He took the horses' skins to [the market] to sell them.' (150814 kelaosi-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kutɕu rca [kɤ-ntsɣe] ɯ-kuxtɕɯ~xtɕo ju-ɣɯt-nɯ ɕti .
Glosses: DEM.PROX:LOC UNEXP:DEG OBJ:PCP-sell 3SG.POSS-EMPH~basket IPFV-bring-PL be.AFF:FACT
Translation: [People] bring many basketfuls [of mushroom] to sell.' (23-mbrAZim)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-sat] ɯ-spa jó-wɣ-tsɯm ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: OBJ:PCP-kill 3SG.POSS-material IFR-INV-take.away SENS-be
Translation: He was taken away to be executed.' (tou dongxi de xiaohai-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯrme nɯ kɯ laχtɕʰa [kɤ-ntsɣe] (ɯ-spa) kɯ-dɯ~dɤn jo-ɣɯt .
Glosses: person DEM ERG thing OBJ:PCP-sell 3SG.POSS-material SBJ:PCP-EMPH~be.many IFR-bring
Translation: The man brought a lot of things to sell.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: paʁ nɯra ʁo lɯski , [ɕa kɤ-ndza] ɯ-spa ku-χsu-nɯ pjɤ-ŋu ri
Glosses: pig DEM:PL ADVERS of.course meat OBJ:PCP-eat 3SG.POSS-material IPFV-feed-PL IFR.IPFV-be LNK
Translation: As for the pigs, people of course raise them for their meat.' (150820 kAnWCkat)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-zda nɯra , [[pɣɤtɕɯ kɯ-ɣɤwu], [kʰɯna kɯ-ɤndzɯt], [lɯlu kɯ-ɣɤwu] kɯ-fse , nɯra tu-nɯɕpɯz] ɲɯ-spe
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-companion DEM:PL bird SBJ:PCP-cry dog SBJ:PCP-bark cat SBJ:PCP-cry INF:STAT-be.like DEM:PL IPFV-imitate SENS-be.able[III]
Translation: It is able to imitate other animals, sing like a bird, bark like a dog, meow like a cat or call like a fox.' (27-kikakCi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tu-kɯ-ɣi ɲɤ-ɣɤ-me qʰe ,
Glosses: IPFV:UP-SBJ:PCP-come IFR-CAUS-not.exist LNK
Translation: She made it impossible for her to come out (again).' (2003-kWBRa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [[rŋɯl kɯ ndʑi-kɯ-sɤndu] kɯ-cʰa] kɯ-fse pɯ~pɯ-tu nɤ
Glosses: silver ERG 3DU-SBJ:PCP-exchange SBJ:PCP-can SBJ:PCP-be.like COND~PST.IPFV-exist if
Translation: If there was someone who could redeem [the life of the two brothers] with money, …' (140507 jinniao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-tɕɯ nɯ lu-rɤ-ji , tɕe tɕʰeme nɯ kɯ li tɯ-taʁ cʰɯ-βze tɕe , mɯntoʁ ra tu-tʂɯβ qʰe ku-nɯ-rɤʑi-ndʑi pjɤ-ŋu .
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-boy DEM IPFV-APASS-plant LNK girl DEM ERG again NMLZ:ACTION-weave IPFV:DOWNSTREAM-make[III] LNK flower PL IPFV-sew LNK IPFV-AUTO-stay-DU IPFV.IFR-be
Translation: The boy was working in the fields, the girl was weaving and doing embroidery, they were living like that.' (150828 donglang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre tɯ-ɕkʰo pjɯ́-wɣ-nɯ-βzu qʰe , nɯ kɤ-ɣndʑɯr ɯ-spa nɯ pjɯ́-wɣ-ɕkʰo tɕe nɯ-rom kóʁmɯz cʰɯ́-wɣ-ndʑɯr ra tɕe , ɯnɯnɯra ɣɯ-tu-mɯrki tu-ndze ŋu .
Glosses: LNK NMLZ:ACTION-dry.in.the.sun IPFV:DOWN-INV-AUTO-make LNK DEM OBJ:PCP-grind 3SG.POSS-material DEM IPFV:DOWN-INV-dry.in.the.sun LNK AOR-be.dry only.after IPFV-INV-grind be.needed:FACT LNK DEM:PL CISL-IPFV-steal[III] IPFV-eat[III] be:FACT
Translation: When we dry things in the sun, when we dry the grains before grinding (one grinds them only after they have dried), it comes, steals them and eats them.' (22-CAGpGa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: rɤɣo ra cʰɯ-βzu-nɯ , tɯ-rɟaʁ ra pjɯ-βzu-nɯ pjɤ-ŋgrɤl ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: song PL IPFV-make-PL NMLZ:ACTION-dance PL IPFV-make-PL INDEF.IPFV-be.usually.the.case SENS-be
Translation: (Every year, when the festival took place), [people] would sing and dance.' (150906 toutao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe aʑo a-mtʰɯm ta-nɯ-tsɯm qʰe , a-jaʁ ra tɯ-mɯrʁɯz cʰɤ-lɤt qʰe , tɤ-se pa-tɕɤt .
Glosses: LNK 1SG 1SG.POSS-meat AOR:UP:3→3-VERT-take.away LNK 1SG.POSS-hand PL NMLZ:ACTION-scratch IFR:DOWNSTREAM-release LNK INDEF.POSS-blood AOR:3→3-take.out
Translation: The kite took away the meat (that was in my hand), it scratched my hand, and made it bleed.' (150909 qandZGi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: mtsʰu ɯ-ŋgɯ tɯ-tɯ-nɯmdar pjɤ-βzu-ndʑi
Glosses: lake 3SG.POSS-inside SIMULT-NMLZ:ACTION-jump IFR:DOWN-make-DU
Translation: They (the two of them) had jumped into the lake together.' (nyima wodzer 2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pri cʰo jlɤkrɯ nɯra tɯ-tɯ-tʂaβ ʑo pjɤ-βzu
Glosses: bear COMIT DEM:PL basket SIMULT-NMLZ:ACTION-cause.to.roll.down EMPH IFR:DOWN-make
Translation: He made the basket with the bear [in it] roll down (together).' (2011-13-qala)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɯ-ŋga tɯ-tɯ-tʂɯβ kɤ-βzu-t-a
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-clothes SIMULT-NMLZ:ACTION-sew AOR-make:PST:TR-1SG
Translation: I stiched the clothes together.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯʑora tɯ-tɯ-qur tɤ-ta-βzu-nɯ
Glosses: 2PL SIMULT-NMLZ:ACTION-help AOR-1→2-make-PL
Translation: I helped you all at the same time.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kʰramba-qur] ma-tɤ-kɯ-βzu-a
Glosses: lie-help NEG-IMP-2→1-make-1SG
Translation: Do not pretend to help me!' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kʰramba-nɤre] ɲɤ-βzu
Glosses: lie-laugh IFR-make
Translation: He pretended to laugh.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: qajɣi pjɯ́-wɣ-rɤpɣi tɕe tɕe , li [kɯzɣɤ-rɤlaj] ʑo pjɯ́-wɣ-βzu .
Glosses: bread INF-INV-mix.flour.and.water LNK LNK again long.time-knead EMPH IPFV-INV-make
Translation: When one mixes flour and water to make bread, one has to knead [the dough] for a long time.' (160706 thotsi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯ tu-nɯʁlɯmbɯɣ-a ɕti ri , ɯʑo kɯ kɤ-nɤma nɯ sɤpe
Glosses: DEM IPFV-guess-1SG be.AFF:FACT LNK 3SG ERG OBJ:PCP-work DEM do.well:FACT
Translation: I suppose that he will perform this task well.
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tu-ʁnɯ-a ɕti ma ɯʑo kɯ ta-tɯt ŋu maʁ mɤ-xsi
Glosses: IPFV-suspect-1SG be.AFF:FACT LNK 3SG ERG AOR:3→3-say be:FACT not.be:FACT NEG-GENR:know
Translation: I am wondering whether what he said is true or not (suspecting that it is not true).' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ku-rtoʁ tɕe [tɕʰeme nɯ wuma ʑo pjɤ-mpɕɤr]
Glosses: IPFV-look LNK girl DEM really EMPH IFR.IPFV-be.beautiful
Translation: He saw that that the girl was very beautiful.' (150909 xiaocui-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe lu-ru tɕe [ɯ-ŋgɯ nɯtɕu ɯʑo lu-ntɕʰɤr ɲɯ-ŋu]
Glosses: LNK IPFV:UPSTREAM-look.at LNK 3SG.POSS-inside DEM:LOC himself IPFV:UPSTREAM-be.reflected SENS-be
Translation: [The rooster] looked at [a window] and [saw] its own reflection in it.' (150819 kumpGa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯɕɯŋgɯ pjɯ-fɕɤt-nɯ tɕe , “nɯtɕu tɕaχpa pjɤ-tu” tu-ti-nɯ tɕe ,
Glosses: in.former.times IPFV-tell-PL LNK DEM:LOC bandit IFR.IPFV-exist IPFV-say-PL LNK
Translation: In former times, people used to say that there were bandits there.' (17-lhazgron)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɲɯ-sɤŋo tɕe , smɤt kɯβʁa nɯra , wuma ʑo nɯ-me , nɯ-me χsɯm pjɤ-tu tɕe
Glosses: IPFV-listen LNK TOPO noble DEM:PL really EMPH 3PL.POSS-daughter 3PL.POSS-daughter three IFR.IPFV-exist LNK
Translation: He had heard that nobles of Smad had three daughters.' (2002 qaCpa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: cʰɯ-ndɯl-nɯ tɕe [kɯ-ndɯ~ndɯβ] ʑo cʰɯ-βzu-nɯ
Glosses: IPFV-grind-PL LNK SBJ:PCP-EMPH~be.fine EMPH IPFV-make-PL
Translation: They grind [tobacco] and make it very smooth.' (30-CnAto)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-pʰɯ ɲɯ-wxti tɕe , nɯra tʰamtɕɤt ma-tɤ-tɯ-ɣɤ-wxti , aʑo nɯ tu-nɯ-χti-a [nɯra stʰɯci kɯ-wxti] ɯ-pʰɯ ma-tɤ-tɯ-βze , [kɯ-tʂaŋ] ci tɤ-βze
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-price SENS-be.big LNK DEM:PL all NEG-IMP-2-CAUS-be.big 1SG DEM IPFV-AUTO-buy[III]-1SG DEM:PL as.much SBJ:PCP-be.big 3SG.POSS-price NEG-IMP-2-make[III] SBJ:PCP-be.fair a.little IMP-make[III]
Translation: It is too expensive, don't make it that expensive, I will buy it, don't make its price that expensive, offer it for a fair price.' (Bargaining 12, 12)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: cɯβjiz kɯ-fse cʰɤ-ta tɕe , ɯ-kɯr ɯ-ŋgɯ tɕe , [tɯ-ci pjɯ-kɯ-lɤt] to-βzu
Glosses: flat.stone SBJ:PCP-be.like IFR:DOWNSTREAM-put LNK 3SG.POSS-mouth 3SG.POSS-in LOC INDEF.POSS-water IPFV-SBJ:PCP-release IFR-make
Translation: He positioned [the leaf of a rhododendron] like a flat stone [next to his younger brother's_i mouth] in such a way that water could flow into his_i mouth.' (2011-05-nyima)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: la-rɤɕi-nɯ tɕe , [[lu-nɯ-ɬoʁ] mɤ-kɯ-kʰɯ] tu-βzu-nɯ
Glosses: AOR:3→3-pull-PL LNK IPFV:UPSTREAM-AUTO-come.out NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.possible IPFV-make-PL
Translation: They pull [on the thread] (to close the opening) and prevent it from coming out.' (30-CnAto)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɕɯ-kɤ-βde mɤ-kɯ-ra] nɯ ndʑiʑo kɯ nɯ-tɯ-sɯ-ɤβzu-ndʑi ŋu
Glosses: TRAL-INF-throw NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.needed DEM 2DU ERG AOR-2-CAUS-become-DU be:FACT
Translation: Thanks to both of you, there is no need to throw [people] (in the lake) anymore.' (2011-05-nyima)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-tɯ-ci ɲɯ-tɯ-s-qarndɯm tɕe [[aʑo tɯ-ci kɯ-ɤmgri kɤ-tsʰi] mɤ-kɯ-kʰɯ] ɲɯ-tɯ-sɯ-ɤpe ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-INDEF.POSS-water IPFV-2-CAUS-be.muddy LNK 1SG INDEF.POSS-water SBJ:PCP-be.clear INF-drink NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.possible IPFV-2-CAUS-become[III] SENS-be
Translation: You have spoiled my water, you have made it so I am unable to drink clear water.' (lang he yang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe tɤ-mtʰɯm tʰamtɕɤt [kɤ-ndza mɤ-kɯ-sna] ɲɯ-sɯ-ɤβze ɲɯ-cʰa .
Glosses: LNK INDEF.POSS-meat all INF-eat NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.good IPFV-CAUS-become[III] SENS-can
Translation: [Maggots] can make all the meat improper for consumption (unfit to eat).' (25-akWzgumba)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: praʁ ɯ-pa nɯtɕu (...) ku-ta-z-rɤʑi tɕe , [tɯ-ci nɯnɯ sɲikuku ʑo tɕetu (...) nɤ-taʁ nɯtɕu pjɯ-kɯ-lɤt] ʑo tu-ta-sɯ-ɤβzu ŋu tɕe
Glosses: cliff 3SG.POSS-down DEM:LOC _ IPFV-1→2-CAUS-stay LNK INDEF.POSS-water DEM every.day EMPH up.there _ 3SG.POSS-on DEM:LOC IPFV:DOWN-SBJ:PCP-release EMPH IPFV-1→2-CAUS-become be:FACT LNK
Translation: (I will not kill you), but I will keep you under the cliffs, so that the water flows down onto you.' (150901 changfamei-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [mɯ-tu-kɤ-nɤtɯti kɯ-ra] tɤ́-wɣ-sɯ-βzu-a-nɯ ndʐa ɕti ma
Glosses: NEG-IPFV-INF-DISTR:say SBJ:PCP-be.needed AOR-INV-CAUS-make-1SG-PL reason be.AFF:FACT LNK
Translation: It is because they made me [swear] not to tell anyone about it.' (tWxtsa 2003)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-ɤlɯlɤt mɤ-kɯ-ra] ɲɤ-tɯ-tɕɤt
Glosses: INF-fight NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.needed IFR-2-take.out
Translation: You stopped them from fighting.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-sci] mɯ-nɯ-tɯ-ɣɤ-kʰɯ-t
Glosses: INF-be.born NEG-IPFV-2-CAUS-be.possible-PST:TR
Translation: You made it impossible for me to be born.' (Gesar)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-ɕpʰɤt nɯ a-pɯ-ɤndʑɤmstu tɕe , nɯ [kɯ-βdi] tu-sɯ-pa-nɯ ŋu
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-patch DEM IRR-IPFV-be.level LNK DEM SBJ:PCP-be.well IPFV-CAUS-do-PL be:FACT
Translation: If the patch is level (if it is neatly sewn), people consider it [to have been sewn] well.' (12-kAtsxWB-29)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯ ɯ-spa ra ɲɯ-naχtɕɯɣ ɕti , tɕe tʰoŋraʁ nɯ kɯ [kɯ-mɯm] tu-sɯ-pa-nɯ ŋu
Glosses: DEM 3SG.POSS-material PL SENS-be.the.same be.AFF:FACT LNK bucket.alcohol DEM ERG SBJ:PCP-be.tasty IPFV-CAUS-do-PL be:FACT
Translation: Although its ingredients are the same (as those used to make other types of alcohol), [some people] consider alcohol in a bucket to be tastier.' (30-thoNraR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tʰoŋraʁ nɯ kɯ ɲɯ-nɤ-mɯm-nɯ
Glosses: bucket.alcohol DEM ERG SENS-TROP-be.tasty-PL
Translation: They consider alcohol in bucket to be tastier.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤʑo ŋgumdʑɯɣ tu-ta-sɯ-pa ŋu
Glosses: 2SG leader IPFV-1→2-CAUS-do be:FACT
Translation: I consider you to be [my] leader.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe ɯ-ti cʰo ɯ-nɤma ra ci ʑo to-sɯ-pa
Glosses: LNK 3SG.POSS-BARE.INF:say COMIT 3SG.POSS-BARE.INF:work PL one EMPH IFR-CAUS-do
Translation: As he said it, he did it at the same time.' (150826 liyu tiao longmen-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯɕimɯma ɯ-ti cʰondɤre ɯ-tɯ-ɕe ci to-sɯ-pa tɕe
Glosses: immediately 3SG.POSS-BARE.INF:say COMIT 3SG.POSS-INF:II-go one IFR-CAUS-do LNK
Translation: As he said this, he immediately went [there].' (150830 baihe jiemei-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ki tɤ-ndɤm tɕe , koŋla ʑo , [ɯ-pɯ ɯ-pa] a-tɤ-tɯ-ɣɤ-βdi ma
Glosses: DEM.PROX IMP-take[III] LNK completely EMPH 3SG.POSS-keep(1) 3SG.POSS-BARE.INF:keep(2) IRR-PFV-2-CAUS-be.well LNK
Translation: Take this and keep it safe (make sure not to lose it).' (140428 mu e guniang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɤ-kɯ-mŋɤm koŋla kɤ-rtoʁ] a-pɯ-tɯ-sɯ-ʁzɤβ
Glosses: 2SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-hurt completely INF-look IRR-PFV-2-CAUS-be.careful
Translation: Let [a doctor] carefully examine your condition.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɯtɕu tɕe ɲɯ-kɤ-ɤtɯɣ tɕe ku-kɤ-ɤ-nɤjɯ~jo] to-pa-ndʑi ri ,
Glosses: DEM:LOC LNK IPFV-INF-meet LNK IPFV-INF-RECIP-wait IFR-do-DU LNK
Translation: The two of them agreed to meet there and wait for each other.' (150820 qaprANar)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɯʑo ku-kɤ-rɤʑi tɕe tu-kɤ-qur] to-pa-ndʑi .
Glosses: 3SG IPFV-INF-stay LNK IPFV-INF-help IFR-do-DU
Translation: They_i+j had a discussion and decided that he_i would stay and help him_j.' (140512 fushang he yaomo-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tʰa [aʑo-sɯso ɲɯ-nɯ-pe-a] kʰɯ
Glosses: later 1SG-as.wish IPFV-AUTO-do[III]-1SG be.possible:FACT
Translation: (Once he dies), it will become possible for me to do whatever I want.' (28-smAnmi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kutɕu ku-rɤʑi-a] ɲɯ-ɬoʁ
Glosses: DEM.PROX:LOC IPFV-stay-1SG SENS-be.needed
Translation: I had better (have no choice but to) stay here.' (28-qajdoskAt)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ʑara nɯ-skɤt mɤ-kɤ-βzu] mɯ́j-kʰɯ .
Glosses: 3PL 3PL.POSS-speech NEG-INF-make NEG:SENS-be.possible
Translation: There was no choice but to speak their language (with them, as they did not understand Japhug or Chinese) (150901 tshuBdWnskAt)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯ nɯ-mbɯt qʰe , tɕe [tɯ-mɲitsi kɤ-ɤ<nɯ>χa] ɬoʁ
Glosses: DEM AOR-ACAUS:take.off LNK LNK GENR.POSS-life INF-<AUTO>have.a.gap be.needed:FACT
Translation: If it (one's tooth) falls out, one is left with a gap [in one's teeth] all one's life.' (27-tWCGArgu)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [aʑo-sɯso kɤ-nɯ-pa] tu-kʰɯ ɕti
Glosses: 1SG-as.wish INF-AUTO-do IPFV-be.possible be.AFF:FACT
Translation: Then it will become possible for me to do whatever I want.' (150907 niexiaoqian-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-ʁi kutɕu kɤ-rɤʑi tɕe , [aʑo tɯ-ci z-ɲɯ-ɕar-a] ɲɯ-ntsʰi
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-younger.sibling DEM.PROX:LOC IMP-stay LNK 1SG INDEF.POSS-water TRAL-IPFV-look.for-1SG SENS-have.better
Translation: Brother, stay here, let me look for water.' (2011-05-nyima)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [aʑo pjɯ-si-a] ɲɯ-zgɤt ma
Glosses: 1SG IPFV-die-1SG SENS-be.needed LNK
Language: Japhug
Transcription: qʰe [ɲɯ-kʰam-a] jɤɣ ri , [nɤ-rca tu-kɯ-tsɯm-a] ra
Glosses: LNK IPFV-give[III]-1SG be.allowed:FACT LNK 2SG.POSS-together.with IPFV:UP-2→-take.away-1SG be.needed:FACT
Translation: I can give it to you (I agree to give it to you), but then you have to take me (to heaven) with you.' 31-deluge)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [tɤ-lu kɤ-tɕɤt] pɯ-jɤɣ
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-milk INF-take.out AOR-be.finished
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕeri tʰam tɕe [nɯra kɤ-stu] mɯ́j-jɤɣ ma ,
Glosses: LNK now LNK DEM:PL INF-do.like NEG:SENS-be.allowed LNK
Translation: Now doing these things (i.e. killing whales) is not allowed.' (160703 jingyu)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɤʑo kutɕu kɤ-nɯ-rɤʑi] jɤɣ
Glosses: 2SG DEM.PROX:LOC IMP-AUTO-stay be.allowed:FACT
Translation: You can stay here.' (140504 baixuegongzhu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-kʰa kɤ-nɯ-βzu mɯ-pjɤ-ŋgrɯ
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-house INF-AUTO-make NEG-IFR-succeed
Translation: (As he spends all his time singing rather than working, in the end) he did not manage to build his house.' (26-NalitCaRmbWm)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe [tɯ-xpa tɯ-ɣjɤn ma ɲɯ-ɤtɯɣ-nɯ] mɯ́j-jɤɣ
Glosses: LNK one-year one-time apart.from IPFV-meet-PL NEG:SENS-be.allowed
Translation: They can only meet (i.e. they are not allowed by the gods of heaven to meet more than) once a year.' (150828 niulang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: mɯ́j-tɯ-kʰɯ-nɯ qʰe tɕe , tɕe atu a-mu ci tu tɕe , nɯ ɯ-ɕki zɯ ɣɯ-tɤ-nɯ-tʰu-nɯ ma
Glosses: NEG:SENS-2-agree-PL LNK LNK LNK up.there 1SG.POSS-mother INDEF exist:FACT LNK DEM 3SG.POSS-DAT LOC CISL-IMP-AUTO-ask-PL LNK
Translation: (I am telling you that I am not the person you are looking for), you don't want to [listen to me],
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑɯɣ mɤ-tɯ-ra
Glosses: 1SG:GEN NEG-2-need:FACT
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɤʑo nɤ-kɯ-qur tɤ-ra tɕe
Glosses: 2SG 2SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-help AOR-need LNK
Translation: When you need someone to help you…' (140506 shizi he huichang de bailingniao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [a-sroʁ kɤ-ri] ri mɤ-tɯ-cʰa , [tu-kɯ-qur-a] ri mɤ-tɯ-cʰa
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-life INF-save also NEG-2-can:FACT IPFV-2→1-help-1SG also NEG-2-can:FACT
Translation: You can neither save my life nor help me.' (shizi he lare neithaoshu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [cʰɯ-tɯ-mɤɕi] tɯ-cʰa
Glosses: IPFV-2-be.rich 2-can:FACT
Translation: You can become rich.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [cʰɯ-tɯ-mɤɕi] cʰa
Glosses: IPFV-2-be.rich can:FACT
Translation: It will be possible for you to become rich.' (140515 facaimeng-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [aʑo ɲɯ-kɯ-ɕɯɣ-mu-a] mɤ-tɯ-cʰa
Glosses: 1SG IPFV-2→1-CAUS-be.afraid-1SG NEG-2-can:FACT
Translation: You cannot scare me.' (140516 guowang halifa-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tʰɯ-wxti-nɯ tsa tɕe tɕe , ta-tsɯm tɕe tu-ɣɤrʁɤβjɤβ ɲɯ-ɕti tɕe ɯʑo [kɤ-tsɯm] mɯ-ɲɯ́-wɣ-sɯx-cʰa .
Glosses: AOR-be.big-PL a.little LNK LNK AOR:3→3-take.away LNK IPFV-struggle SENS-be.AFF LNK 3SG INF-take.away NEG-SENS-INV-CAUS-can
Translation: When [piglets and lambs] have gotten big, [if the eagle tries to] carry away [one of them]_i, it_i struggles and [the eagle] is not strong enough to take it_i away.' (150819 RarphAB)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɣʑo kɯ-fse kɯ-wxti nɯra rcanɯ , [ʑaʑa ʑo kɤ-sat] mɤ́-wɣ-sɯx-cʰa ma ɯʑo ɲɯ-xtɕi , ci nɯ ɲɯ-wxti tɕe
Glosses: bee SBJ:PCP-be.like SBJ:PCP-be.big DEM:PL UNEXP:DEG soon EMPH INF-kill NEG-INV-CAUS-can:FACT LNK 3SG SENS-be.small INDEF DEM SENS-be.big LNK
Translation: In the case of a (relatively) big [insect] like a bee,_i [the spider]_j cannot kill it_i quickly, because it_j is small while the other one_i is bigger.
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo kupa-skɤt mɯ́j-spe-a
Glosses: 1SG Chinese-language NEG:SENS-be.able[III]-1SG
Translation: I am not able to [speak] Chinese.' (160721 XpWN)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɕoŋβzu ko-spa
Glosses: carpentry IFR-be.able
Translation: He learned carpentry.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [“a-mu" tu-ti] ɯ-ɲɯ́-spe ?
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-mother IPFV-say QU-SENS-be.able[III]
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɕɯ-kɤ-nɤkʰu] mɤ-naz-a
Glosses: TRAL-INF-invite NEG-dare:FACT-1SG
Translation: I do not dare to go and invite him.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [[kɤ-nɤkʰu] kɤ-ɕe] mɤ-naz-a
Glosses: OBJ:PCP-invite INF-go NEG-dare:FACT-1SG
Translation: I do not dare to go [to his house] as a guest.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [cʰɤci kɤ-tsʰi] ta-sɯso-nɯ tɕe , tɕe ki ɯ-qa ɯ-tʰɯm nɯ ɲɯ-χɕoʁ-nɯ tɕe
Glosses: alcohol INF-drink AOR:3→3-want-PL LNK LNK DEM.PROX 3SG.POSS-bottom 3sg.POSS-cork DEM IPFV-remove-PL LNK
Translation: When people want to drink the alcohol, they remove the cork at the bottom (of the jar).' (160703 araR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ku-ɣɯt-a] nɯ-sɯso-t-a ri ɲɤ-nɯ-jmɯt-a ma
Glosses: IPFV:EAST-bring-1SG AOR-want-PST:TR-1SG LNK IFR-AUTO-forget-1SG LNK
Translation: I wanted to bring it but I forgot it.' (23-tshAYCAnW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [a-rɤɣo ɲɯ-tɯ-sɤŋo] tɤ-tɯ-sɯso-t tɕe , a-ɣɯ-jɤ-kɯ-sɯɣe-a qʰe nɯ ɕti
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-song IPFV-2-listen AOR-2-want-PST:TR LNK IRR-CISL-invite-1SG LNK DEM be.AFF:FACT
Translation: When you want to listen to my songs, send people to come and invite me and that's it.' (140519 yeying-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯnɯ [tɤ-tɕɯ nɯ ɣɯ ɯ-kʰa nɯtɕu tɕʰeme kɯ-mpɕɤr ci ɣɤʑu] nɯ ko-tso-nɯ .
Glosses: DEM INDEF.POSS-son DEM GEN 3SG.POSS-house DEM:LOC girl SBJ:PCP-be.beautiful INDEF exist:SENS DEM IFR-understand-PL
Translation: They realized that there was a beautiful girl in the boy's house.' (150828 donglang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: li [iɕqʰa tɤɕime nɯ mɯ-pɯ-kɯ-si] nɯ ko-tso
Glosses: again the.aforementioned girl DEM NEG-AOR-SBJ:PCP-die DEM IFR-understand
Translation: She realized that the girl had not died.' (140504 baixuegongzhu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [tɤ-rʑaʁ tʰɤstɯɣ nɯ-ari] mɯ-pjɤ-tso
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-time how.much AOR-go[II] NEG-IFR-understand
Translation: He had not realized how much time had passed.' (28-smAnmi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe nɯnɯ kɯ [qaʑo tɤ-kɯ-nɯɕpɯz] nɯ pjɤ-sɯχsɤl .
Glosses: LNK DEM ERG sheep AOR-SBJ:PCP-disguised DEM IFR-recognize
Translation: He (the shepherd boy) had noticed that the [nobleman] was disguised as a sheep.' (40513 mutong de disheng-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: <liangshanbo> nɯ kɯ [aʑo tɕʰeme kɯ-ŋu] nɯ a-mɤ-pɯ́-wɣ-sɯχsal-a
Glosses: ANTHR DEM ERG 1SG girl SBJ:PCP-be DEM IRR-NEG-PFV-INV-realize-1SG
Translation: [I hope that] Liang Shanbo will not realize that I am a girl.' (150826 liangshanbo zhuyingtai-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [<tuolaji> kɤ-lɤt] ra ka-βzjoz
Glosses: tractor INF-release PL AOR:3→3-learn
Translation: He learned to drive a tractor.' (14-siblings)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [tɤfsɤri kɤ-βzu] ci pjɯ-ta-sɯxɕɤt
Glosses: thread INF-make a.little IPFV-1→2-teach
Translation: Let me teach you how to make a thread.' (vid-20140506043657)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kʰɯɣɲɟɯ ra s-cʰɤ-ru ri mɯ-pjɤ-mto
Glosses: window PL TRAL-IFR:DOWNSTREAM-look LNK NEG-IFR-see
Translation: She went and looked from the window but did not see him.' (140505 xiaohaitu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [sɯŋgi nɯ ɲɯ-ɣɤwu] nɯ pjɤ-mtsʰɤm
Glosses: lion DEM IPFV-cry DEM IFR-hear
Translation: [The mouse] heard that the lion was crying.' (shizi he laoshu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [[nɯ ɲɯ-sɤ-mtsɯɣ] kɤ-ti] mɯ-pɯ́-wɣ-mtsʰɤm .
Glosses: DEM SENS-APASS-bite OBJ:PCP-say NEG-AOR-INV-hear
Translation: I have not heard that it bites people.' (28-tshAwAre)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pjɯ-ru qʰe [tɕeki tɯ-ci ɯ-ŋgɯ ɯʑo pɯ-kɯ-ntɕʰɤr] nɯ pjɤ-mto .
Glosses: IPFV:DOWN-look LNK down INDEF.POSS-water 3SG.POSS-in 3SG AOR:DOWN-SBJ:PCP-appear DEM IFR-see
Translation: He looked down, and saw his own reflection in the water below (himself reflected in the water).' (140519 chou xiaoya-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɲɯ-sɤŋo tɕe [iɕqʰa sŋaʁspa nɯ kɯ “tɤtʂu ɣɯ-tɤ-sɤndu-nɯ" ɯ-kɯ-ti] nɯ pjɤ-mtsʰɤm tɕe
Glosses: IPFV-listen LNK the.aforementioned sorcerer DEM ERG lamp CISL-IMP-exchange-PL 3SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-say DEM IFR-hear LNK
Translation: She heard the sorcerer saying `Come and exchange [your] lamp'.' (140511 alading-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ŋotɕu jɤ-nɯ-ɬoʁ] tɕi mɯ-pɯ-mto-j , [ŋotɕu jɤ-ɕqʰlɤt] tɕi kɤ-ɕɯftaʁ mɯ-pjɤ-cʰa-j
Glosses: where IFR-AUTO-come.out also NEG-AOR-see-1PL where IFR-disappear also INF-remember NEG-IFR-can-1PL
Translation: We neither saw where she came from, nor can we remember which way she went.' (2003 sras)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo nɤ-paχɕi ci tu-kɯ-sɯ-rɲo-a
Glosses: 1SG 2SG.POSS-apple a.little IPFV-2→1-CAUS-taste-1SG
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo [kɤ-mtsɯɣ] mɯ-pɯ-rɲo-t-a ri , χpɤltɕɯn kɯ pjɤ-rɲo
Glosses: 1SG INF-bite NEG-AOR-experience-PST:TR-1SG but p.n ERG IFR-experience
Translation: I have never been stung [by a wasp], but Dpalcan has.' (26-ndzWrnaR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: χpɤltɕɯn kɯ [kɤ-mtsɯɣ] pjɤ-rɲo
Glosses: p.n ERG INF-bite IFR-experience
Translation: Dpalcan has been stung [by a wasp] before'. (elicitation based on ex:kAmtsWG.P)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo pɯ-xtɕɯ~xtɕi-a ʑo ri tɯxtɤŋɤm nɯ-atɯɣ-a tɕe , [nɯ kɤ-mŋɤm] pɯ-rɲo-t-a
Glosses: 1SG PST.IPFV-EMPH~be.small-1SG EMPH LOC dysentery AOR-meet-1SG LNK DEM INF-hurt AOR-experience-1SG
Translation: When I was very small, I had dysentery, [my belly] ached.' (24-pGArtsAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [a-xtu kɤ-mŋɤm] pɯ-rɲo-t-a .
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-belly INF-hurt AOR-experience-PST:TR-1SG
Translation: I have had stomachache.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɯ ɯ-ti] ta-stʰɯt
Glosses: DEM 3SG.POSS-BARE.INF:say AOR:3→3-finish
Translation: When she finished saying that…' (150818 muzhi guniang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [tɯ-nɯ kɤ-jtsʰi] na-stʰɯt tɕe tɕe tɤ-pɤtso nɯ li ɯ-sta nɯtɕu ko-ɕɯ-rŋgɯ
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-breast INF-give.to.drink AOR:3→3-finish LNK LNK INDEF.POSS-child DEM again 3SG.POSS-bed DEM:LOC IFR-CAUS-lay
Translation: After she had finished breastfeeding, she put back the child on his bed.' (140429 jiedi-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɯra pa-βzjoz] pa-stʰɯt tɕe ɯ-sloχpɯn nɯ kɯ taqaβ tɯ-ldʑa ɲɤ́-wɣ-mbi
Glosses: DEM:PL AOR:3→3-learn AOR:3→3-finish LNK 3SG.POSS-teacher DEM ERG needle one-CL IFR-INV-give
Translation: When he finished learning this [craft], his teacher gave him a needle.' (140508 benling gaoqiang de si xiongdi-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɯ-si] tɤ-rɤŋgat , tu-rɤru mɯ-nɯ-cʰa ri , _ nɯ ɯ-ɕɣa ra pɯ-tsʰoz ʑo .
Glosses: SBJ:PCP-die AOR-be.about IPFV-get.up NEG-AOR-can LNK _ DEM 3SG.POSS-tooth PL PST.IPFV-be.complete EMPH
Translation: Even when she was about to die (from old age), when she was not able to get up anymore, (…) she still had all her teeth.' (27-tWCGArgu)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: jɤ-tɯ-ari tɕe , (...) tɯrme [kɤ-sat] tɤ-kɯ-rɤŋgat (...) ʁnɯz tɯ-mtɤm ri
Glosses: AOR-2-go[II] LNK _ person SBJ:PCP-kill AOR-SBJ:PCP-be.about.to _ two 2-see[III]:FACT LNK
Translation: When you go there, you will see two people who are about to be killed.' (140507 jinniao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [a-kɯ-ʁndɯ] tu-tɯ-ɤɣɯɣu ɲɯ-ŋu tɕe
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-SBJ:PCP-hit IPFV-2-be.about.to SENS-be LNK
Translation: You are about to hit me.' (2014-kWlAG)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: aʑo ɣɯ-ɕaβ-a tɤ-ŋu tɕe , nɤʑo χcʰa nɯ a-nɯ-tɯ-ɕtʰɯz
Glosses: 1SG INV-catch.up:FACT-1SG AOR-be LNK 2SG right DEM IRR-PFV:WEST-2-turn.towards
Translation: When they are about to catch up with me, turn the [thing in your] right [hand] in [their direction].' (2011-04-smanmi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɕɤr tɕe tu] ŋgrɤl , [tu-mbri] ŋgrɤl
Glosses: night LOC exist:FACT be.usually.the.case:FACT IPFV-call be.usually.the.case:FACT
Translation: [Owls] appear, howl during the night.' (22-pGAkhW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [aʑo kumpɣa cʰɯ-nɯ-χse-a] pɯ-ŋgrɤl
Glosses: 1SG chicken IPFV-AUTO-feed[III]-1SG PST.IPFV-be.usually.the.case
Translation: I used to raise chickens (for my own sake).' (150819 kumpGa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕʰeme ɯ-ɕki “a-βɣo" tu-kɯ-ti mɤ-ŋgrɤl
Glosses: girl 3SG.POSS-DAT 1SG.POSS-FB IPFV-GENR-say NEG-be.usually.the.case:FACT
Translation: One cannot address a woman as `my uncle'.' (140425 kWmdza02) <a href="https://doi.org/10.24397/pangloss-0003786"></fn>
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe [ɕɤmɯɣdɯ kɤ-lɤt] nɯ tu-stu-nɯ ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: LNK gun INF-release DEM IPFV-do.like-PL SENS-be
Translation: People shoot with guns like that.' (28-CAmWGdW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-pʰɣo] tɕʰi a-tɤ-fse-j ?
Glosses: INF-flee what IRR-PFV-be.like-1PL
Translation: How will we flee?' (2012 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɤʑo kɤ-fsraŋ] tɕʰi tu-ste-a ?
Glosses: 2SG INF-protect what IPFV-do.like[III]-1SG
Translation: How [can] I save you?' (150901 dongguo xiansheng he lang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: pɣɤtɕɯ kɯ [nɤʑo kɤ-bɯwa] tɕʰi a-tɤ-ste ɕti ?
Glosses: bird ERG 2SG INF-carry.on.the.back what IRR-PFV-do.like[III] be.AFF:FACT
Translation: How will the bird carry you on its back?' (2003 zrAntCW tWrme)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɤʑo kɤ-fsraŋ] tɕʰi tu-ta-stu ?
Glosses: 2SG INF-protect what IPFV-1→2-do.like[III]
Translation: How [can] I save you?' (elicitation based on ex:kAfsraN.tChi.tustea)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕʰi ci ʑo tú-wɣ-stu tɕe pʰɤn
Glosses: what INDEF EMPH IPFV-INV-do.like LNK be.efficient:FACT
Translation: What should [we] do to successfully [treat your disease]?' (2011-04-smanmi)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [tɤ-wɯ nɯ kɯ tɯ~ta-stu] ʑo to-stu
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-grandfather DEM ERG TOTAL~AOR:3→3-do.like EMPH IFR-do.like
Translation: He did everything like the old man.' (140511 xinbada-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ɯ-nmaʁ jɤ-kɯ-ɣe nɯ ɕoŋβzu mkʰɤz tɕe
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-husband AOR-SBJ:PCP-come[II] DEM carpentry be.expert:FACT LNK
Translation: Her husband who came [to live in her family] is very good at carpentry.' (14-siblings)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕiʑo rcanɯ , [kɤ-taʁ] wuma ʑo mkʰɤz-tɕi
Glosses: 1DU UNEXPECTED INF-weave really EMPH be.expert:FACT-1DU
Translation: We are very good at weaving.' (140521 huangdi de xinzhuang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: <gang> stʰɯci mɯ́j-rko qʰe , ɲɯ-mpɯ qʰe [tu-ŋgɤɣ , ɲɯ-ɤjʁu] nɯra ɲɯ-mbat
Glosses: steel as.much NEG:SENS-be.hard LNK SENS-be.soft LNK IPFV-ACAUS:bend IPFV-be.curved DEM:PL] SENS-be.easy
Translation: [Iron] is not as hard as steel, it is soft and bends easily.' (30-Com)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [cʰɯ-wxti] ɯ-tɯ-mbat ɲɯ-sɤre ʑo
Glosses: IPFV-be.big 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.easy SENS-be.ridiculous EMPH
Translation: It grows extremely easily.' (25-akWzgumba)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-nɯrdoʁ] ri mɤ-aɲaj ma kɯ-ndɯ-ndɯβ ɕti
Glosses: INF-pick.up also NEG-be.quick:FACT LNK SBJ:PCP-EMPH~be.small be.AFF:FACT
Translation: It takes a lot of time (it is not done quickly) to pick up [the Zanthoxyllum seeds], because they are very small.' (07-tCGom)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤtʂo ɯ-ŋgɯ nɯtɕu [staχpɯ kɤ-ji] mɤ-pe
Glosses: earth.type 3SG.POSS-in DEM:LOC pea INF-plant NEG-be.good:FACT
Translation: Planting peas in tɤtʂo-type earth is not good.' (25-cWXCWz)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-<xuetang> ɯ-tɯ-mbro <kongzhi> tu-βze-a ŋu . [mɯ-tu-kɤ-mbro] ftɕaka tu-βze-a ŋu .
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-blood.sugar 3SG.POSS-NMLZ:DEG-be.high control IPFV-do[III]-1SG be:FACT NEG-IPFV-INF-be.high manner IPFV-do[III]-1SG be:FACT
Translation: I control my blood sugar, I do what I can to prevent it from being too high'. (conversation, 15-12-05)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [qartsɤβ kɤ-kɤ-βzu ra kɤ-tɤβ] ftɕaka ɣɯ-βzu ra
Glosses: harvest AOR-OBJ:PCP-make PL INF-thresh manner INV-make be.needed:FACT
Translation: Then one has to prepare to thresh the [grains] that have been harvested.' (2010.10)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-tɤβ] kú-wɣ-nɯftɕaka ra
Glosses: INF-thresh IPFV-INV-prepare be.needed:FACT
Translation: One has to prepare the threshing.' (2010.10)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ji-wɯ kɯ “a-mɤ-jɤ-tɯ-ɣi-nɯ” ɯ-skɤt to-βzu ɕti
Glosses: 1PL.POSS-grandfather ERG IRR-NEG-PFV-2-come-PL 3SG.POSS-language IFR-make be.AFF:FACT
Translation: (By these words) our father-in-law means that he does not want us to come back' (he means: `don't you come back') (2005 tAwakWcqraR)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɯ-βdaʁmu nɯ tu-tɯ-ndɤm] nɤ-sɯm ɯ́-ɕe ?
Glosses: 3PL.POSS-queen DEM IPFV-2-take[III] 2SG.POSS-mind QU-go:FACT
Translation: Do you want to become their queen?' (150818 muzhi guniang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-rɟit ra nɯ-ɣi-nɯ ɕti tɕetʰa , [kɤ-ndza] kowa tɯ́-wɣ-βzu ɕti tɕe ku-ta-sɯ-ɤnbaʁ ŋu
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-offspring PL VERT-come:FACT-PL be.AFF:FACT soon INF-eat manner 2-INV-make:FACT be.AFF:FACT LNK IPFV-1→2-CAUS-hide be:FACT
Translation: My children are coming back home soon, and they will try to eat you, let me hide you.' (2012 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕeri [zlawiɕɤrɤβ kɯ tɕʰoz pɯ-asɯ-zgrɯβ] ɯ-fɕɤt tu ma [jɯm pɯ-asɯ-ɕar] ɯ-fɕɤt me
Glosses: but Zlaba.shesrab ERG religion PST.IPFV-PROG-accomplish 3SG.POSS-story exist:FACT but wife:HON PST.IPFV-PROG-search 3SG.POSS-story not.exist:FACT
Translation: People say that Zlaba shesrab was studying religion, not looking for a wife.' (sras 79-80)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɲɯ-nɯqambɯmbjom] ɯ-zgra nɯ “vɯrwɯrwɯr” tu-ti ŋgrɤl .
Glosses: IPFV-fly 3SG.POSS-noise DEM ONOM IPFV-say be.usually.the.case:FACT
Translation: The sound it makes when it flies is `vrvr' (as its flying sound, it says `vrvr').' (26-quspunmbro)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [wortɕʰi ʑo pɤjkʰu ma-tɤ-tɯ-lɤt tɕe , nɤkinɯ , pɤjkʰu a-pɯ tɯ-nɯ ɲɯ-jtsʰi-a ra] ɯ-skɤt ra to-βzu tɕe … tɕe nɯnɯ nɯ-jɤɣ tɕe tɕendɤre ɯ-pɯ nɯ ki kɯ-fse ɲɤ-ɣɤntaβ , tɕe [tɤ-lɤt jɤɣ] ɯ-skɤt kɯra to-stu
Glosses: please EMPH yet NEG-IMP-2-release LNK FILLER yet 1SG.POSS-young INDEF.POSS-breast IPFV-give.to.drink-1SG be.needed:FACT 3SG.POSS-speech PL IFR-make LNK _ LNK DEM AOR-finish LNK LNK 3SG.POSS-young DEM DEM.PROX SBJ:PCP-be.like IFR-put LNK IMP-release be.allowed:FACT 3SG.POSS-speech DEM.PROX:PL IFR-do.like
Translation: [The monkey mother] made [a sign to the hunter] meaning `Please don't shoot yet, I still have to nurse my baby.' (…) and once she had finished, she put her baby aside like that, and made a sign meaning `(now) you can shoot'.' (19-GzW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: <donggua> cʰo <qiezi> ni tɕʰi ʑo mɯ́j-naχtɕɯɣ] ɣɯ ɯ-tɕʰa a-jɤ-tɯ-ɣɯt ra
Glosses: gourd COMIT eggplant DU what EMPH NEG:SENS-be.the.same GEN 3SG.POSS-information IRR-PFV-2-bring need:FACT
Translation: [Go there and come back to] to tell me how gourds and eggplants are different.' (yici bi yici you jinbu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [[nɤʑo ju-tɯ-ɕe] a-sɯm mɯ́j-ɕe]] ndʐa ŋu
Glosses: 2SG IPFV-2-go 1SG.POSS-mind NEG:SENS-go reason be:FACT
Translation: This is because I don't want you to leave.' (140506 shizi he huichang de bailingniao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [“ɣa" kɤ-ti] ɯ-sɯm mɯ-pjɤ-ɕe
Glosses: yes INF-say 3SG.POSS-mind NEG-IFR.IPFV-go
Translation: He did not want to say `yes'.' (140506 shizi he huichang de bailingniao-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɕɯ-kɤ-rŋgɯ] a-sɯm mɯ́j-ɕe
Glosses: TRAL-INF-lie.down 1SG.POSS-mind NEG:SENS-go
Translation: I don't want to go to sleep.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: daltsɯtsa tɕe tɕe kɤ-nɯ-ɕe tsa ɯ-sɯm to-ɣi .
Glosses: slowly LNK LNK INF-VERT-go a.little 3SG.POSS-mind IFR-come
Translation: He slowly started thinking of going home.' (150907 laoshandaoshi-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [kɤ-nɤma] tɯ-ʁjiz maka mɤ-ɣi .
Glosses: INF-work GENR.POSS-wish at.all NEG-come[III]:FACT
Translation: (When one is sick), one does not feel like working.' (27-tWfCAl)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: iɕqʰa [χpɯn kɯ-tsʰu nɯ kɯ tɯ-ci ɕ-tu-re] nɯ ɯ-ʁjiz mɯ-pjɤ-ɣi
Glosses: the.aforementioned monk SBJ:PCP-be.fat DEM ERG INDEF.POSS-water TRAL-IPFV:UP-bring[III] DEM 3SG.POSS-wish NEG-IFR.IPFV-come
Translation: The fat monk did not feel like (going down the river and) bringing the water [up to the monastery]. (150830 san ge heshang-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ʁdɯrɟɤt aʑo kɤ-ɕe] a-ʁa maŋe
Glosses: TOPO 1SG INF-go 1SG.POSS-free.time not.exist:SENS
Translation: I don't have time to go to Gdongbrgyad.' (conversation, 2016-03-20)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe nɯ [rɟɤdɯm mɯ-ɲɯ-kɤ-βzu] ɯ-ndʐa kɯ tɯ-ci kɯ-mɯɕtaʁ nɯtɕu pjɯ́-wɣ-fkri tɕe tɕe rɟɤdɯm mɤ-βze
Glosses: LNK DEM lumps NEG-IPFV-INF-make 3SG.POSS-reason ERG INDEF.POSS-water SBJ:PCP-be.cold DEM:LOC IPFV-INV-melt LNK LNK lumps NEG-make[III]
Translation: In order to prevent lumps from forming, one melts the flour in cold water [by mixing it] and lumps do not form.' (140428 rJAdWm)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [tu-ndze] nɯ ɣɯ ɯ-di nɯ pjɤ-mtsʰɤm-nɯ tɕe tɕe jo-ɣi-nɯ .
Glosses: IPFV-eat DEM GEN 3SG.POSS-smell DEM IFR-perceive-PL LNK LNK IFR-come-PL
Translation: [The flies] smelled [the jam] that he was eating and came.' (140428 yonggan de xiaocaifeng-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: kɯki [aʑo ɕkom tu-mtsʰi-a] ki ɣɯ ɯ-χpi ci pjɯ-fɕat-a
Glosses: DEM.PROX 1SG muntjac IPFV-lead-1SG DEM.PROX GEN 3SG.POSS-story INDEF IPFV-tell-1SG
Translation: I will tell (you) a story about this muntjac that I am leading.' (140512 fushang he yaomo-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [tɕʰeme kɯ-pe mɤ-kɯ-pe] nɯ ɣɯ koŋla ʑo ɯ-<biaozhun> ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: woman ?-be.good NEG-?-be.good DEM GEN really EMPH 3SG.POSS-criterion SENS-be
Translation: It is [one of the] criteria [by which one judges whether] a woman is good or bad.' (thaXtsa 2002)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [a-tɕɯ jɤ-kɯ-ɣe] ɣɯ ɯ-tɕʰa ja-ɣɯt
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-son AOR-SBJ:PCP-come[II] GEN 3SG.POSS-news AOR:3→3-bring
Translation: S/he came to tell [me/you] that my son came.' (elicited)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: †[ɯʑo kɯ [nɯra tu-rɤt] kɤ-stʰɯt] ɕɯŋgɯ tɕe
Glosses: 3SG ERG DEM:PL IPFV-draw INF-finish before LNK
Translation: Before he had finished drawing it.' (160718 huashetianzu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɯʑo kɯ [nɯra kɤ-rɤt] tu-stʰɯt] ɕɯŋgɯ tɕe
Glosses: 3SG ERG DEM:PL INF-draw IPFV-finish before LNK
Translation: Correction of (ex:turAt.kAsthWt.CWNgW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: a-ʁi kɯ [jɤ-ari] nɯtɕu tɕe , nɤkinɯ , qapi jo-rɤmbɯmbri qʰe , tɕendɤre nɯ jo-nɯɴqʰu-j qʰe , tɕe kʰa jɤ-azɣɯt-i
Glosses: 1SG.POSS-younger.sibling ERG AOR-go[II] DEM:LOC LOC FILLER white.stone IFR-drop.while.going LNK LNK DEM IFR-follow-1PL LNK LNK house AOR-reach-1PL
Translation: When he_i went (to the forest), our younger brother_i dropped white stones_j one by one on the way as he was going, and we followed them_j and found our way home.' (160701 poucet2)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: ʑakastaka ɯ-mdoʁ tɕi mɤ-kɯ-naχtɕɯɣ ɣɤʑu , ɯ-tsʰɯɣa tɕi mɤ-kɯ-naχtɕɯɣ ɣɤʑu .
Glosses: each.his.own 3SG.POSS-colour also NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.the.same exist:SENS 3SG.POSS-shape also NEG-SBJ:PCP-be.the.same exist:SENS
Translation: Each of them (species of starfishes) has its own different colour and different shape.' (180421 haixing)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕeri qartsɯ tɕe tɕe ɯ-jwaʁ nɯ pjɯ-nɯɕɯrɲɟo tɕe pjɯ-ŋgra ɲɯ-ɕti .
Glosses: LNK winter LOC LNK 3SG.POSS-leaf DEM IPFV-redden LNK IPFV-ACAUS:cause.to.fall SENS-be.AFF
Translation: In winter, its leaves redden and fall.' (14-sWNgWJu)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: nɯnɯ la-ɕlu-nɯ cʰo la-lɣa-nɯ tɕe tɕe qandʐe tu-nɯ-ɬoʁ ɲɯ-ŋu . tɕe nɯ ɕ-tu-nɯrdoʁ tɕe tu-ndze ɲɯ-ŋu .
Glosses: DEM AOR:3→3-plough COMIT AOR:3→3-dig LNK LNK earthworm IPFV-AUTO-come.out SENS-be LNK DEM TRAL-IPFV-collect LNK IPFV-eat[III] SENS-be
Translation: When [people] plough and dig the earth, earthworms come out, and crows go (into the fields) and pick [the earthworms] and eat them (one by one).' (140511 qajdo kW qandzxe tundze)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤɕime kɯ [tɕʰi a-tɤ-fse-a] tɕe mɤ́-wɣ-mto-a kɯ
Glosses: princess ERG what IRR-PFV-be.like-1SG LNK NEG-INV-see:FACT-1SG SFP
Translation: What should I do [in order] not to be seen by the princess?' (140505 xiaohaitu-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɤ-wi nɯ kɯ tɤ-ri nɯ rɟɤlpu ɯ-tɕʰaʁla scʰiz pjɤ-k-ɤz-nɤndɯndo-ci tɕe , rɟɤlpu nɯ kɯ [ɯ-mɲaʁ ɲɤ-z-nɤmbju] ʑo pjɤ-mto tɕe ,
Glosses: INDEF.POSS-grandmother DEM ERG INDEF.POSS-thread DEM king 3SG.POSS-yard APPROX.LOC IFR.IPFV-PEG-PROG-take.here.and.there-PEG LNK king DEM ERG 3SG.POSS-eye IFR-CAUS-be.bright EMPH IFR-see LNK
Translation: The old woman was taking the (well-spun) thread_i here and there in the yard of the king, and the king_j saw it_i as it_i dazzled his_j eyes (i.e. it_i was so well spun that it was dazzling bright).' (2012 Norbzang)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe ɯ-jaʁ kɯ [ki tu-ste] lu-z-naʁje ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: LNK 3SG.POSS-hand ERG DEM:PROX IPFV-do.like[III] IPFV-reach.into[III] SENS-be
Translation: [The cat] reaches with its paw [into the whole] like this.' (27-spjaNkW)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [ɯ-ʁar nɯ ki tu-ste] tɕe [tu-ʑ-mbri] ɲɯ-ŋu
Glosses: 3SG.POSS-wing DEM DEM.PROX IPFV-do.like[III] LNK IPFV-CAUS-make.noise SENS-be
Translation: [The grasshopper] makes noise by [moving] its wings like this.' (26-kWrNukWGndZWr)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕe ɯ-pɕi ju-ɕe tɕe , [ci ci pɣɤtɕɯ pjɯ-sat ju-ɣɯt], [ci ci βʑɯ pjɯ-sat ju-ɣɯt], [ci ci qaɲi ra pjɯ-sat tɕe ju-ɣɯt].
Glosses: LNK 3SG.POSS-outside IPFV-go LNK one one bird IPFV-kill IPFV-bring one one mouse IPFV-kill IPFV-bring one one mole PL IPFV-kill LNK IPFV-bring
Translation: (When her kittens are hungry), [the cat mother] goes out and sometimes kills a bird and brings it, sometimes kills a mouse and brings it, sometimes kills a mole or something and brings it [to them].' (21-lWLU)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: [nɯ-me stu kɯ-xtɕi nɯ ɲɤ-mbi-nɯ], tɕe [nɯ-me stu kɯ-xtɕi nɯ ɲɤ-mbi-nɯ tɕe], tɕe tɕʰeme nɯ to-nɯmbrɤpɯ ,
Glosses: 3PL.POSS-daughter most SBJ:PCP-be.small DEM IFR-give-PL LNK 3PL.POSS-daughter most SBJ:PCP-be.small DEM IFR-give-PL LNK LNK girl DEM IFR-ride
Translation: They gave [him] their daughter (in marriage), and as they gave [him] their daughter (in marriage), the girl mounted [a horse].' (2002 qaCpa)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: tɕendɤre [tɤ-pɤtso nɯnɯ li sɯŋgɯ zɯ jo-ɕe]. [sɯŋgɯ zɯ jo-ɕe] tɕe tɕendɤre , pʰaʁrgot nɯ kɯ tɤ-pɤtso nɯ pa-mto tɕe
Glosses: DEM boy DEM again forest LOC IFR-go forest LOC IFR-go LNK LNK boar DEM ERG boy DEM IFR:3→3-see LNK
Translation: The boy went again into the forest, and as he went into the forest, the boar saw the boy.' (140428 yonggan de xiaocaifeng-zh)
Language: Japhug
Transcription: sqʰi ɯ-rkɯ nɯtɕu kó-wɣ-sɯ-ɤmdzɯ-nɯ . sqʰi ɯ-rkɯ nɯtɕu ka-sɯ-ɤmdzɯ tɕe , (...) ra to-ti
Glosses: tripod 3SG.POSS-side DEM:LOC IFR-INV-CAUS-sit-PL tripod 3SG.POSS-side DEM:LOC AOR:3→3-CAUS-sit LNK _ PL IFR-say
Translation: [The woman] had them sit by the hearth. She had them sit by the hearth, and said (…).' (160703 poucet3)