lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ns qå k kant°hi-lai, the: i-m-t°i-p-l.
Glosses: yesterday 1sg go want-DEF:one:time 3sg DIR-NEG-CON-arrive-come
Translation: ÆYesterday when I wanted to go, s/he hadnflt returned yet.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tsetsi xsusuåÂguåuåpan, ÷~u å® it°itsin.
Glosses: this-pair thirty-COM-nine-size-COM-half 2sg one-time DIR-CON-see-2sg
Translation: (trying on shoes) ÆThis pair (is a) size 39 1/2, you try once
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tse-tsi xsusu-å-Âgu-åu-å-pan, ÷~u å-® i-t°i-tsi-n.
Glosses: this-pair thirty-COM-nine-size-COM-half 2sg one-time DIR-CON-see-2sg
Translation: (trying on shoes) ÆThis pair (is a) size 39 1/2, you try once
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: Ùzpies åffi håt°i`u`.
Glosses: fish-meat one-portion DIR-CON-COP
Translation: ÆAlso bring (give me) a portion of fish.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: Ùz-pies å-ffi hå-t°i-`u`.
Glosses: fish-meat one-portion DIR-CON-COP
Translation: ÆAlso bring (give me) a portion of fish.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: (qåqi)t°ulå ipks q:fi, qå i°t°imåqåjså Ùoikpå.
Glosses: 1sgREFL-home-LOC DIR-arrive-go-NOM before 1sg often one-two-sentences call-HABIT:1sg
Translation: ÆBefore returning to my own home, I often call out a few sentences.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: (qåqi)-t°u-lå i-p-k-s q:fi, qå i°t°imåqå-j-så Ùoi-kpå.
Glosses: 1sgREFL-home-LOC DIR-arrive-go-NOM before 1sg often one-two-sentences call-HABIT:1sg
Translation: ÆBefore returning to my own home, I often call out a few sentences.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: q:fitå, qå i°t°imåqå pies dzpå.
Glosses: before-LOC 1sg often meat eat-HABIT:1sg
Translation: ÆIn the past I often ate meat.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: q:fi-tå, qå i°t°imåqå pies dz-på.
Glosses: before-LOC 1sg often meat eat-HABIT:1sg
Translation: ÆIn the past I often ate meat.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: stuåhå t°hi°t°i tian® tse.
Glosses: 3sg food/rice eat-ADV:together television watch
Translation: ÆS/he eats while watching television.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: stuåhå t°h-i°t°i tian® tse.
Glosses: 3sg food/rice eat-ADV:together television watch
Translation: ÆS/he eats while watching television.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u lus uja!
Glosses: 2sg come-NOM COP-PART
Translation: ÆYou definitely must come!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u lu-s u-ja!
Glosses: 2sg come-NOM COP-PART
Translation: ÆYou definitely must come!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: zi(nå)!
Glosses: DIR-eat-2pl-IMP
Translation: ÆYou(pl) eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: -z-i-(nå)!
Glosses: DIR-eat-2pl-IMP
Translation: ÆYou(pl) eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ¿åquti(nå)!
Glosses: DIR-kneel-2pl-IMP
Translation: ÆYou(pl) kneel down!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ¿å-qut-i-(nå)!
Glosses: DIR-kneel-2pl-IMP
Translation: ÆYou(pl) kneel down!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tujui(nå)!
Glosses: DIR-stand-2pl-IMP
Translation: ÆYou(pl) stand up!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tu-ju-i-(nå)!
Glosses: DIR-stand-2pl-IMP
Translation: ÆYou(pl) stand up!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: håfui(nå)!
Glosses: DIR-spit-2pl-IMP
Translation: ÆYou(pl) spit it out!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: hå-fu-i-(nå)!
Glosses: DIR-spit-2pl-IMP
Translation: ÆYou(pl) spit it out!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u tsepeit°kn.
Glosses: 2sg water-one-CL DIR-drink-go-2sg
Translation: ÆGo drink a glass of water.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u ts-e-pei-t°-k-n.
Glosses: 2sg water-one-CL DIR-drink-go-2sg
Translation: ÆGo drink a glass of water.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: Ùuåt®ålåhå tx®ol(n)!
Glosses: bowl-DEF:one-pl DIR-gather-2sg
Translation: ÆGather the bowls together.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: Ùuåt®å-lå-hå t-x®ol-(n)!
Glosses: bowl-DEF:one-pl DIR-gather-2sg
Translation: ÆGather the bowls together.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: zl(n)!
Glosses: 3sg DIR-move-2sg
Translation: ÆBring it (here)!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: z-l-(n)!
Glosses: 3sg DIR-move-2sg
Translation: ÆBring it (here)!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: me:fi de°iwå, t°ile kmaqe®afi!
Glosses: rain DIR-fall-RCA 1pl go-NEG-able-HORT:1pl
Translation: ÆItfls raining, so letfls not go!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: me:fi de-°i-wå, t°ile k-ma-qe-®afi!
Glosses: rain DIR-fall-RCA 1pl go-NEG-able-HORT:1pl
Translation: ÆItfls raining, so letfls not go!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: stuåhå t°h®å!
Glosses: food/rice drink/eat-HORT:1sg
Translation: ÆLetfls eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: stuåhå t°h-®å!
Glosses: food/rice drink/eat-HORT:1sg
Translation: ÆLetfls eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°izzi it°i dz®å!
Glosses: 1dl together eat-HORT:1sg
Translation: ÆLetfls eat together!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°izzi it°i dz-®å!
Glosses: 1dl together eat-HORT:1sg
Translation: ÆLetfls eat together!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile the: Ùua ®afi.
Glosses: 1pl 3sg help HORT:1pl
Translation: ÆLetfls help him/her!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile tsai tianjin tsek®afi.
Glosses: 1pl now movie watch-go-HORT:1pl
Translation: ÆLetfls go watch a movie now!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile tsai tianjin tse-k-®afi.
Glosses: 1pl now movie watch-go-HORT:1pl
Translation: ÆLetfls go watch a movie now!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: må:, k®åwu?
Glosses: mom go-HORT:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆMom, Letfls go, O.K.?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: må:, k-®å-wu?
Glosses: mom go-HORT:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆMom, Letfls go, O.K.?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile bl®afiwu?
Glosses: 1pl do-HORT:1pl-REQU
Translation: ÆLetfls do it, O.K.?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile bl-®afi-wu?
Glosses: 1pl do-HORT:1pl-REQU
Translation: ÆLetfls do it, O.K.?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå tÙua låwu.
Glosses: 1sg DIR-help INDTV:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆLet me help you, O.K.?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå t-Ùua lå-wu.
Glosses: 1sg DIR-help INDTV:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆLet me help you, O.K.?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: oitshu åz aÙ`u låwu.
Glosses: hot.pepper one-CL DIR-put INDTV:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆLet me put in a little hot pepper.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: oitshu å-z a-Ù`u lå-wu.
Glosses: hot.pepper one-CL DIR-put INDTV:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆLet me put in a little hot pepper.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°hnbå!
Glosses: DIR-drink/eat-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆPlease eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: -t°h-n-bå!
Glosses: DIR-drink/eat-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆPlease eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: nåji usunbå!
Glosses: good-ADV DIR-teach/study-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆStudy hard!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: nå-ji u-su-n-bå!
Glosses: good-ADV DIR-teach/study-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆStudy hard!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå dz lå!
Glosses: 1sg eat INDTV:1sg
Translation: ÆLet me eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå ÷~u t®åuku tup`u
Glosses: 1sg 2sg look.after DIR-do INDTV:1sg
Translation: ÆLet me look after you.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå ÷~u t®åuku tu-p`u
Glosses: 1sg 2sg look.after DIR-do INDTV:1sg
Translation: ÆLet me look after you.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå tÙua låwu.
Glosses: 1sg DIR-help INDTV:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆLet me help!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå t-Ùua lå-wu.
Glosses: 1sg DIR-help INDTV:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆLet me help!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile tÙua lfiwu.
Glosses: 1pl DIR-help INDTV:1pl-REQU
Translation: ÆLet us help!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile t-Ùua lfi-wu.
Glosses: 1pl DIR-help INDTV:1pl-REQU
Translation: ÆLet us help!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå dy deÂge låwu.
Glosses: 1sg door DIR-open INDTV:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆLet me open the door!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå dy de-Âge lå-wu.
Glosses: 1sg door DIR-open INDTV:1sg-REQU
Translation: ÆLet me open the door!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: stuåhå °å:t°k.
Glosses: food/rice INDTV-eat-go
Translation: ÆLet (him/her) go eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: stuåhå °å:-t°-k.
Glosses: food/rice INDTV-eat-go
Translation: ÆLet (him/her) go eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u Âme unå?
Glosses: 2sg Qiang COP-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆAre you(sg) Qiang (a Qiang person)?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u Âme u-n-å?
Glosses: 2sg Qiang COP-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆAre you(sg) Qiang (a Qiang person)?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme uuå?
Glosses: 3sg Qiang COP-Q
Translation: ÆIs s/he Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme u-uå?
Glosses: 3sg Qiang COP-Q
Translation: ÆIs s/he Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷ile Âme uiuå?
Glosses: 2pl Qiang COP-2pl-Q
Translation: ÆAre you(pl) Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷ile Âme u-i-uå?
Glosses: 2pl Qiang COP-2pl-Q
Translation: ÆAre you(pl) Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: themle Âme ut°iuå?
Glosses: 3pl Qiang COP-3pl-Q
Translation: ÆAre they Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: themle Âme u-t°i-uå?
Glosses: 3pl Qiang COP-3pl-Q
Translation: ÆAre they Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: ¿åqnå?
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆDid you go to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: ¿å-q-n-å?
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆDid you go to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åquå?
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-Q
Translation: ÆDid s/he go to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-q-uå?
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-Q
Translation: ÆDid s/he go to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile wu Âme ufija?
Glosses: 1pl all Qiang COP:1pl-Q
Translation: ÆAre we all Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile wu Âme ufi-ja?
Glosses: 1pl all Qiang COP:1pl-Q
Translation: ÆAre we all Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå Âme måuåja?
Glosses: 1sg Qiang NEG-COP:1sg-Q
Translation: ÆAm I not Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå Âme må-uå-ja?
Glosses: 1sg Qiang NEG-COP:1sg-Q
Translation: ÆAm I not Qiang?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå i©i blå:ui?
Glosses: 1sg what do:PRS:1sg-Q
Translation: ÆWhat am I going to do?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå i©i blå:-ui?
Glosses: 1sg what do:PRS:1sg-Q
Translation: ÆWhat am I going to do?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå tpi kå:uå måkå:ui?
Glosses: 1sg tomorrow-ADV go:PRS-Q NEG-go:PRS:1sg-Q
Translation: ÆAm I going tomorrow or not? fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå tp-i kå:-uå må-kå:-ui?
Glosses: 1sg tomorrow-ADV go:PRS-Q NEG-go:PRS:1sg-Q
Translation: ÆAm I going tomorrow or not? fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme uluÙuå?
Glosses: 3sg Qiang COP-(guess)
Translation: ÆS/hefls Qiang, isnflt s/he?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme u-luÙuå?
Glosses: 3sg Qiang COP-(guess)
Translation: ÆS/hefls Qiang, isnflt s/he?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme må`u`luÙuå?
Glosses: 3sg Qiang NEG-COP-(guess)
Translation: ÆS/hefls not Qiang, is s/he?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme må-`u`-luÙuå?
Glosses: 3sg Qiang NEG-COP-(guess)
Translation: ÆS/hefls not Qiang, is s/he?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the:qåluÙuå?
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-(guess)
Translation: ÆS/he went in, didnflt s/he?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the:-qå-luÙuå?
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-(guess)
Translation: ÆS/he went in, didnflt s/he?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: tshinpiwak luÙuå.
Glosses: 3sg intelligent-very-INF Q
Translation: ÆShe is intelligent.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: tshinpi-wa-k luÙuå.
Glosses: 3sg intelligent-very-INF Q
Translation: ÆShe is intelligent.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: tshinpi wamtån u luÙuå.
Glosses: 3sg intelligent very-NOM-appearance COP Q
Translation: She possibly is intelligent.
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: tshinpi wa-m-tån u luÙuå.
Glosses: 3sg intelligent very-NOM-appearance COP Q
Translation: She possibly is intelligent.
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ps mpå wa, tpi tss t°åmpå: lu.
Glosses: today cold very tomorrow-ADV this-COMP CON-cold:PRS will
Translation: ÆToday is very cold, tomorrow is going to be even colder than this.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ps mpå wa, tp-i ts-s t°å-mpå: lu.
Glosses: today cold very tomorrow-ADV this-COMP CON-cold:PRS will
Translation: ÆToday is very cold, tomorrow is going to be even colder than this.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u håÙi å® itsik, zÙå wtshi poqu®luo Âi Ùu.
Glosses: 2sg DIR-go-ADV one-time DIR-look-go field-LOC bird livestock-perhaps exist allow
Translation: ÆYou go out and take a look, perhaps there are livestock or birds in the field.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u hå-Ù-i å-® i-tsi-k, z-Ùå wtshi poqu®-luo Âi Ùu.
Glosses: 2sg DIR-go-ADV one-time DIR-look-go field-LOC bird livestock-perhaps exist allow
Translation: ÆYou go out and take a look, perhaps there are livestock or birds in the field.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: kå:wå?
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu:LOC go:PRS-Q
Translation: ÆAre you really going to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: kå:-wå?
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu:LOC go:PRS-Q
Translation: ÆAre you really going to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: ¿åqnå ¿åmqånå?
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-2sg-Q DIR-NEG-go-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆDid you go to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: ¿å-q-n-å ¿å-m-qå-n-å?
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-2sg-Q DIR-NEG-go-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆDid you go to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åquå ¿åmqåuå?
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-Q DIR-NEG-go-Q
Translation: ÆDid he go to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-q-uå ¿å-m-qå-uå?
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-Q DIR-NEG-go-Q
Translation: ÆDid he go to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u jan t®henå met®henå?
Glosses: 2sg cigarette smoke-2sg-Q NEG-smoke-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆDo you smoke?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u jan t®he-n-å me-t®he-n-å?
Glosses: 2sg cigarette smoke-2sg-Q NEG-smoke-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆDo you smoke?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u jan t®ha:nå met®henå?
Glosses: 2sg cigarette smoke:PRS-2sg-Q NEG-smoke-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆWill you smoke?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u jan t®ha:-n-å me-t®he-n-å?
Glosses: 2sg cigarette smoke:PRS-2sg-Q NEG-smoke-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆWill you smoke?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t®uåtsle: swu zpwå?
Glosses: table-DEF:CL who-AGT DIR-buy-Q
Translation: ÆWho bought the table?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t®uåts-le: s-wu z-p-wå?
Glosses: table-DEF:CL who-AGT DIR-buy-Q
Translation: ÆWho bought the table?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: swu t®uåtsle: zpwå?
Glosses: who-AGT table-DEF:CL DIR-buy-Q
Translation: ÆWho bought the table?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: s-wu t®uåts-le: z-p-wå?
Glosses: who-AGT table-DEF:CL DIR-buy-Q
Translation: ÆWho bought the table?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: pi:tsålå swu ÷~u(t°) deluå?
Glosses: pen-this:one-CL who-AGT 2sg-GEN DIR-give-Q
Translation: ÆWho gave you this pen?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: pi:-tså-lå s-wu ÷~u-(t°) de-l-uå?
Glosses: pen-this:one-CL who-AGT 2sg-GEN DIR-give-Q
Translation: ÆWho gave you this pen?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~ut° pi:tsålå swu deluå?
Glosses: 2sg-GEN pen-this:one-CL who-AGT DIR-give-Q
Translation: ÆWho was it that gave you this pen?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u-t° pi:-tså-lå s-wu de-l-uå?
Glosses: 2sg-GEN pen-this:one-CL who-AGT DIR-give-Q
Translation: ÆWho was it that gave you this pen?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t®huåtsle: st° zpå:nå?
Glosses: table-DEF:CL who-GEN DIR-buy: PRS-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆFor whom are you going to buy the table?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t®huåts-le: s-t° z-på:-n-å?
Glosses: table-DEF:CL who-GEN DIR-buy: PRS-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆFor whom are you going to buy the table?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: st°t®hetsle: ¿auå?
Glosses: who-GEN-car-DEF:CL DIR-bad/broken-Q
Translation: ÆWhose car has broken down?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: s-t°-t®hets-le: ¿a--uå?
Glosses: who-GEN-car-DEF:CL DIR-bad/broken-Q
Translation: ÆWhose car has broken down?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t®hetsle: ike: tblnå?
Glosses: car-DEF:CL WH-INDEF:CL DIR-do-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆWhat did you do to the car?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t®hets-le: i-ke: t-bl-n-å?
Glosses: car-DEF:CL WH-INDEF:CL DIR-do-2sg-Q
Translation: ÆWhat did you do to the car?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: pi:tsålå swu ÷~u deluå?
Glosses: pen-this:one-CL who-AGT 2sg DIR-give-Q
Translation: ÆWho gave you this pen?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: pi:-tså-lå s-wu ÷~u de-l-uå?
Glosses: pen-this:one-CL who-AGT 2sg DIR-give-Q
Translation: ÆWho gave you this pen?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: khumtsiwu del.
Glosses: khumtsi-AGT DIR-give
Translation: ÆKhumtsi gave it (to me).fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: khumtsi-wu de-l.
Glosses: khumtsi-AGT DIR-give
Translation: ÆKhumtsi gave it (to me).fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: khumtsiwu.
Glosses: khumtsi-AGT
Translation: ÆKhumtsi (did)fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: khumtsi-wu.
Glosses: khumtsi-AGT
Translation: ÆKhumtsi (did)fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u k °t°åqmoluja?
Glosses: 2sg go heart-NEG-come-Q
Translation: ÆDonflt you want to go? fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u k °t°åq-mo-lu-ja?
Glosses: 2sg go heart-NEG-come-Q
Translation: ÆDonflt you want to go? fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u stuåhå st°jynå?
Glosses: 2sg food/rice DIR-eat-ASP-Q
Translation: ÆHave you already eaten? fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u stuåhå s-t°-jy-nå?
Glosses: 2sg food/rice DIR-eat-ASP-Q
Translation: ÆHave you already eaten? fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~, (st°ya).
Glosses: Yes, (DIR-eat:ASP:1sg)
Translation: ÆYes, I have. fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~, (s-t°ya).
Glosses: Yes, (DIR-eat:ASP:1sg)
Translation: ÆYes, I have. fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~h~, (smt°it°ha).
Glosses: NEG , (DIR-NEG-CON-eat:1sg)
Translation: ÆNo, I havenflt eaten yet. fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~h~, (s-m-t°i-t°ha).
Glosses: NEG , (DIR-NEG-CON-eat:1sg)
Translation: ÆNo, I havenflt eaten yet. fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~ut° °i åz ¿ojylåuå?
Glosses: 2sg-GEN wine one-CL DIR-pour-INDTV:1sg-Q
Translation: ÆWill you let me pour you a little wine?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u-t° °i å-z ¿o-jy-lå-uå?
Glosses: 2sg-GEN wine one-CL DIR-pour-INDTV:1sg-Q
Translation: ÆWill you let me pour you a little wine?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: t°u k °t°åqlu.
Glosses: 3sg home go heart-come
Translation: ÆS/he wants to go home.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: t°u k °t°åq-lu.
Glosses: 3sg home go heart-come
Translation: ÆS/he wants to go home.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå t°u k °t°åqluå.
Glosses: 1sg home go heart-come-1sg
Translation: ÆI want to go home.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå t°u k °t°åq-lu-å.
Glosses: 1sg home go heart-come-1sg
Translation: ÆI want to go home.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°u k °t°åqlun.
Glosses: 2sg home go heart-come-2sg
Translation: ÆYou want to go home.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°u k °t°åq-lu-n.
Glosses: 2sg home go heart-come-2sg
Translation: ÆYou want to go home.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå the: ipla: zuluå.
Glosses: 1sg 3sg DIR-arrive-come: PRS wait-1sg
Translation: ÆI hope s/he is going to return.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå the: i-p-la: zulu-å.
Glosses: 1sg 3sg DIR-arrive-come: PRS wait-1sg
Translation: ÆI hope s/he is going to return.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u the: ipla: zulun.
Glosses: 2sg 3sg DIR-arrive-come: PRS wait-2sg
Translation: ÆYou hope s/he is going to return.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u the: i-p-la: zulu-n.
Glosses: 2sg 3sg DIR-arrive-come: PRS wait-2sg
Translation: ÆYou hope s/he is going to return.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: the: ipla: zul`u.
Glosses: 3sg 3sg DIR-arrive-come: PRS wait
Translation: ÆS/he hopes s/he is going to return.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: the: i-p-la: zul`u.
Glosses: 3sg 3sg DIR-arrive-come: PRS wait
Translation: ÆS/he hopes s/he is going to return.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tpi me:fi °es måut°i.
Glosses: tomorrow-ADV rain release-NOM NEG-COP- ADV
Translation: ÆI hope it wonflt rain tomorrow.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tp-i me:fi °e-s må-u-t°i.
Glosses: tomorrow-ADV rain release-NOM NEG-COP- ADV
Translation: ÆI hope it wonflt rain tomorrow.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå t®hetsle: ¿as måut°i.
Glosses: 1sg car-DEF:CL DIR-bad/broken-NOM NEG-COP- ADV
Translation: ÆI hope my car hasnflt broken down.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå t®hets-le: ¿a--s må-u-t°i.
Glosses: 1sg car-DEF:CL DIR-bad/broken-NOM NEG-COP- ADV
Translation: ÆI hope my car hasnflt broken down.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: t®hetsle: ¿ås ui.
Glosses: 3sg car-DEF:CL DIR-bad/broken-NOM COP-ADV
Translation: ÆI hope his/her car has broken down.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: t®hets-le: ¿å--s u-i.
Glosses: 3sg car-DEF:CL DIR-bad/broken-NOM COP-ADV
Translation: ÆI hope his/her car has broken down.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tpi tianjin °es ui.
Glosses: tomorrow-ADV movie release-NOM COP-ADV
Translation: ÆI hope a movie is showing tomorrow.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tp-i tianjin °e-s u-i.
Glosses: tomorrow-ADV movie release-NOM COP-ADV
Translation: ÆI hope a movie is showing tomorrow.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tpi tianjin °es må`u`t°i.
Glosses: tomorrow-ADV movie release-NOM NEG-COP-PART
Translation: ÆI hope no movie is showing tomorrow.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tp-i tianjin °e-s må-`u`-t°i.
Glosses: tomorrow-ADV movie release-NOM NEG-COP-PART
Translation: ÆI hope no movie is showing tomorrow.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°olun®u.
Glosses: 2sg NEG.IMP-come-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆI hope you wonflt come.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°o-lu-n-®u.
Glosses: 2sg NEG.IMP-come-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆI hope you wonflt come.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°åkn®u.
Glosses: 2sg NEG.IMP-go-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆI hope you wonflt leave.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°å-k-n-®u.
Glosses: 2sg NEG.IMP-go-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆI hope you wonflt leave.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tpi t®utianÙå ipln®u.
Glosses: tomorrow-ADV six-oflclock-LOC DIR-arrive-come-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆI hope you will come tomorrow at six oflclock.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tp-i t®u-tian-Ùå i-p-l-n-®u.
Glosses: tomorrow-ADV six-oflclock-LOC DIR-arrive-come-2sg-DTV
Translation: ÆI hope you will come tomorrow at six oflclock.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå få °upuåthåu på:.
Glosses: 1sg clothes red-one-CL buy:PRS:1sg
Translation: ÆI am going to buy a set of red clothes.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå få °upu-å-thåu på:.
Glosses: 1sg clothes red-one-CL buy:PRS:1sg
Translation: ÆI am going to buy a set of red clothes.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå ÂmeÂ nåji suå:.
Glosses: 1sg Qiang-language well-ADV learn-PRS:1sg
Translation: ÆI am going to learn Qiang well.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå Âme-Â nå-ji su-å:.
Glosses: 1sg Qiang-language well-ADV learn-PRS:1sg
Translation: ÆI am going to learn Qiang well.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ÂmeÂ nåji suå:i.
Glosses: 3sg Qiang-language well-ADV learn-PRS-HS
Translation: ÆI heard s/he is going to learn Qiang well.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme-Â nå-ji su-å:-i.
Glosses: 3sg Qiang-language well-ADV learn-PRS-HS
Translation: ÆI heard s/he is going to learn Qiang well.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå Ùuqtå håÙå:.
Glosses: 1sg mountain-peak(head)-LOC DIR-go: PRS:1sg
Translation: ÆI am going to go up to the mountain top.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå Ùu-q-tå hå-Ùå:.
Glosses: 1sg mountain-peak(head)-LOC DIR-go: PRS:1sg
Translation: ÆI am going to go up to the mountain top.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå Ùuqtå håÙs ui.
Glosses: 1sg mountain-peak(head)-LOC DIR-go-NOM COP-ADV
Translation: ÆI am going to go up to the mountain top.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå Ùu-q-tå hå-Ù-s u-i.
Glosses: 1sg mountain-peak(head)-LOC DIR-go-NOM COP-ADV
Translation: ÆI am going to go up to the mountain top.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå t°iÙuåle: x¬ie °t°åqlu.
Glosses: 1sg house-DEF:CL build heart-come
Translation: ÆI want (plan) to build the house.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå t°iÙuå-le: x¬ie °t°åq-lu.
Glosses: 1sg house-DEF:CL build heart-come
Translation: ÆI want (plan) to build the house.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ÂmeÂ nåji sus u`u`.
Glosses: 3sg Qiang-language well-ADV learn-NOM COP-3sgU
Translation: ÆI / you / s/he must learn Qiang well.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme-Â nå-ji su-s u-`u`.
Glosses: 3sg Qiang-language well-ADV learn-NOM COP-3sgU
Translation: ÆI / you / s/he must learn Qiang well.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: stuåhå bls uji`u`.
Glosses: 3sg food/rice make-NOM COP-CSM-3sgU
Translation: ÆI / you / s/he must make the meal.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: stuåhå bl-s u-ji-`u`.
Glosses: 3sg food/rice make-NOM COP-CSM-3sgU
Translation: ÆI / you / s/he must make the meal.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ÷~u(tå) Ùuas usån.
Glosses: 3sg 2sg-DAT help-NOM COP-2sgU
Translation: ÆS/he should help you.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ÷~u-(tå) Ùua-s u-sån.
Glosses: 3sg 2sg-DAT help-NOM COP-2sgU
Translation: ÆS/he should help you.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile the: Ùuas u`u`.
Glosses: 1pl 3sg help-NOM COP-3sg
Translation: ÆWe ought to help him/her.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile the: Ùua-s u-`u`.
Glosses: 1pl 3sg help-NOM COP-3sg
Translation: ÆWe ought to help him/her.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile t°y:mile:uåi Âbot°us u(`u`).
Glosses: 1pl child-DEF:CL-BEN-ADV consider-NOM COP-3sg
Translation: ÆWe must consider the interests of the child.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t°ile t°y:mi-le:-uå-i Âbot°u-s u-(`u`).
Glosses: 1pl child-DEF:CL-BEN-ADV consider-NOM COP-3sg
Translation: ÆWe must consider the interests of the child.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: m å ©lu lzi oqpi
Glosses: DIR-become-HS
Translation: bank) they joined together, and so the brother and sister married (became a family).fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: m å ©lu l-zi oqpi
Glosses: DIR-become-HS
Translation: bank) they joined together, and so the brother and sister married (became a family).fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: Âmt®ile: tsile:ui ¿åthå
Glosses: DIR-give-NOM INT-thus COP-INF:HS-LNK
Translation: Æ(Because the emperor had said he would marry his daughter to whoever found the parrot,) the emperor had to marry his daughter to Huang Qianmen, and Huang Qianmen became the emperor, (he had to) give (him) the daughter.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: Âmt®i-le: tsi-le:-ui ¿å-thå
Glosses: DIR-give-NOM INT-thus COP-INF:HS-LNK
Translation: Æ(Because the emperor had said he would marry his daughter to whoever found the parrot,) the emperor had to marry his daughter to Huang Qianmen, and Huang Qianmen became the emperor, (he had to) give (him) the daughter.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: u, t°ål t°ål i©i us u,
Glosses: INT-this:manner arrange-DIR-do-INF:HS-PART
Translation: ÆThat night everybody made a plan together, where the needle should stay, where (each of them) should sleep and what not and it was all settled.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: u, t°å-l t°å-l i©i u-s u,
Glosses: INT-this:manner arrange-DIR-do-INF:HS-PART
Translation: ÆThat night everybody made a plan together, where the needle should stay, where (each of them) should sleep and what not and it was all settled.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå ks t°å`u`.
Glosses: 1sg go-NOM CON-COP
Translation: ÆI (still) must go.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå k-s t°å-`u`.
Glosses: 1sg go-NOM CON-COP
Translation: ÆI (still) must go.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå ks måt°u.
Glosses: 1sg go-NOM NEG-CON-COP
Translation: ÆI (still) shouldnflt go.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå k-s må-t°-u.
Glosses: 1sg go-NOM NEG-CON-COP
Translation: ÆI (still) shouldnflt go.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: l©z zds t°åu.
Glosses: 3sg book read/study-NOM CON-COP
Translation: ÆI (still) must study.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: l©z zd-s t°å-u.
Glosses: 3sg book read/study-NOM CON-COP
Translation: ÆI (still) must study.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: l©z zds måt°u.
Glosses: 3sg book read/study-NOM NEG-CON-COP
Translation: ÆI (still) donflt need to study.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: l©z zd-s må-t°-u.
Glosses: 3sg book read/study-NOM NEG-CON-COP
Translation: ÆI (still) donflt need to study.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: stuåhå t°hÙzeji.
Glosses: food/rice eat-must-CSM
Translation: Æ(We/You/One) ought to eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: stuåhå t°h-Ùze-ji.
Glosses: food/rice eat-must-CSM
Translation: Æ(We/You/One) ought to eat!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: stuåhå t°hmat°iÙze.
Glosses: food/rice eat-NEG-CON-must
Translation: Æ(We/You/One) ought not to eat yet!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: stuåhå t°h-ma-t°i-Ùze.
Glosses: food/rice eat-NEG-CON-must
Translation: Æ(We/You/One) ought not to eat yet!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ÂmeÂ de ©Â.
Glosses: 3sg Qiang-language speak can
Translation: ÆS/he can speak Qiang.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âme-Â de ©Â.
Glosses: 3sg Qiang-language speak can
Translation: ÆS/he can speak Qiang.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u ÂmeÂ de ©Ân.
Glosses: 2sg Qiang-language speak can-2sg
Translation: ÆYou can speak Qiang.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u Âme-Â de ©Â-n.
Glosses: 2sg Qiang-language speak can-2sg
Translation: ÆYou can speak Qiang.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå ÂmeÂ de ©Âå.
Glosses: 1sg Qiang-language speak can:1sg
Translation: ÆI can speak Qiang.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå Âme-Â de ©Âå.
Glosses: 1sg Qiang-language speak can:1sg
Translation: ÆI can speak Qiang.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: mi lå mål, w lå dÂ.
Glosses: person fly NEG-able bird fly able
Translation: ÆPeople cannot fly, but birds can.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: mi lå må-l, w lå dÂ.
Glosses: person fly NEG-able bird fly able
Translation: ÆPeople cannot fly, but birds can.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: misaqwu qå quaha tiÂ dÂ.
Glosses: sun-AGT 1sg face DIR-black-CAUS able
Translation: ÆThe sun can make my face become black.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: misaq-wu qå quaha t-i-Â dÂ.
Glosses: sun-AGT 1sg face DIR-black-CAUS able
Translation: ÆThe sun can make my face become black.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå ut°u målå.
Glosses: 1sg DIR-see NEG-able:1sg
Translation: ÆI canflt see.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå u-t°u må-lå.
Glosses: 1sg DIR-see NEG-able:1sg
Translation: ÆI canflt see.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âåwåle: ttsi qeuå?
Glosses: 3sg rock-DEF:CL DIR-lift able-Q
Translation: ÆCan s/he lift the rock?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Âåwå-le: t-tsi qe-uå?
Glosses: 3sg rock-DEF:CL DIR-lift able-Q
Translation: ÆCan s/he lift the rock?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tsi°i sei må©Â.
Glosses: infant walk NEG-can
Translation: ÆAn infant cannot walk.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tsi°i sei må-©Â.
Glosses: infant walk NEG-can
Translation: ÆAn infant cannot walk.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the:doqule: dakwu, pit° sei måljy.
Glosses: 3sg-foot-DEF:CL break-INST now walk NEG-able-ASP
Translation: ÆHis/her foot is broken so he/she cannot walk now.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the:-doqu-le: dak-wu, pit° sei må-l-jy.
Glosses: 3sg-foot-DEF:CL break-INST now walk NEG-able-ASP
Translation: ÆHis/her foot is broken so he/she cannot walk now.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t®uwaletsi sle guuå?
Glosses: shoe-DEF-CL DIR-pack able.to-Q
Translation: ÆCan this pair of shoes fit in?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: t®uwa-le-tsi s-le gu-uå?
Glosses: shoe-DEF-CL DIR-pack able.to-Q
Translation: ÆCan this pair of shoes fit in?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: °o°åuÙå ÂmeÂ deÂ Ùu.
Glosses: school-LOC Qiang-language speak-CAUS allow
Translation: ÆSpeaking Qiang is allowed in the school.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: °o°åu-Ùå Âme-Â de-Â Ùu.
Glosses: school-LOC Qiang-language speak-CAUS allow
Translation: ÆSpeaking Qiang is allowed in the school.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: °o°åuÙå ÂmeÂ deÂ ¿ese.
Glosses: school-LOC Qiang-language speak-CAUS DIR-allow
Translation: ÆSpeaking Qiang is allowed in school.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: °o°åu-Ùå Âme-Â de-Â ¿e-se.
Glosses: school-LOC Qiang-language speak-CAUS DIR-allow
Translation: ÆSpeaking Qiang is allowed in school.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tså Âes meje.
Glosses: here write-NOM NEG-possible
Translation: Æ(You) can't write here.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: tså Âe-s me-je.
Glosses: here write-NOM NEG-possible
Translation: Æ(You) can't write here.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: °o°åuÙå ÂmeÂ deji met°hi.
Glosses: school-LOC Qiang-language speak-EXC NEG-want
Translation: ÆIt is all right to speak Qiang in school.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: °o°åu-Ùå Âme-Â de-ji me-t°hi.
Glosses: school-LOC Qiang-language speak-EXC NEG-want
Translation: ÆIt is all right to speak Qiang in school.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ts tusujiwå, t°ile quaha ulåj met°hiji.
Glosses: water DIR-boil-CSM-RCA 1pl face wash-EXC NEG-want-CSM
Translation: ÆThe waterfls boiled, so we can wash our faces.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ts tu-su-ji-wå, t°ile quaha ulå-j me-t°hi-ji.
Glosses: water DIR-boil-CSM-RCA 1pl face wash-EXC NEG-want-CSM
Translation: ÆThe waterfls boiled, so we can wash our faces.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åq(w)u.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-VIS
Translation: ÆHe went to Chengdu.fl (used in a situation where the
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-q-(w)u.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-VIS
Translation: ÆHe went to Chengdu.fl (used in a situation where the
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°eun tupujin.
Glosses: 2sg marry DIR-do-ASP-2sg
Translation: ÆYou got married.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°eun tu-pu-ji-n.
Glosses: 2sg marry DIR-do-ASP-2sg
Translation: ÆYou got married.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: themle jimi desejiwut°iwå.
Glosses: 3pl fertilizer DIR-spread-CSM-VIS-3pl-EMPH
Translation: ÆThey spread the fertilizer.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: themle jimi de-se-ji-wu-t°i-wå.
Glosses: 3pl fertilizer DIR-spread-CSM-VIS-3pl-EMPH
Translation: ÆThey spread the fertilizer.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: jimi desejiwå.
Glosses: 3sg fertilizer DIR-spread-CSM-VIS-1sg
Translation: ÆShe spread the fertilizer.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: jimi de-se-ji-w-å.
Glosses: 3sg fertilizer DIR-spread-CSM-VIS-1sg
Translation: ÆShe spread the fertilizer.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå the:tå deweÂuå.
Glosses: 1sg 3sg-LOC DIR-hit-CAUS-VIS-1sg
Translation: ÆI hit him (accidentally).fl (The context for this was the speaker
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå the:-tå de-we-Â-u-å.
Glosses: 1sg 3sg-LOC DIR-hit-CAUS-VIS-1sg
Translation: ÆI hit him (accidentally).fl (The context for this was the speaker
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: mi Âb Âetek!
Glosses: person drum beat-INF
Translation: ÆSomeone is playing drums.fl (It seems to me from hearing a
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: mi Âb Âete-k!
Glosses: person drum beat-INF
Translation: ÆSomeone is playing drums.fl (It seems to me from hearing a
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åqk.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-INF
Translation: ÆHe went to Chengdu.fl (Used in a situation where the
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-q-k.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-INF
Translation: ÆHe went to Chengdu.fl (Used in a situation where the
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: °t°imi dik!
Glosses: 3sg heart sick-INF
Translation: ÆHefls unhappy!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: °t°imi di-k!
Glosses: 3sg heart sick-INF
Translation: ÆHefls unhappy!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: dy deÂgejik!
Glosses: door DIR-open-CSM-INF
Translation: ÆThe door is open!fl (just discovered; see that the door was
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: dy de-Âge-ji-k!
Glosses: door DIR-open-CSM-INF
Translation: ÆThe door is open!fl (just discovered; see that the door was
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: jan t®hemtån u.
Glosses: 3sg cigarettes smoke-NOM-appearance COP
Translation: ÆS/he might smoke (It seems s/he smokes).fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: jan t®he-m-tån u.
Glosses: 3sg cigarettes smoke-NOM-appearance COP
Translation: ÆS/he might smoke (It seems s/he smokes).fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: jan t®hemlåhån u.
Glosses: 3sg cigarettes smoke-NOM-DEF:one-kind COP
Translation: ÆS/he might smoke (might be a smoker).fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: jan t®he-m-lå-hån u.
Glosses: 3sg cigarettes smoke-NOM-DEF:one-kind COP
Translation: ÆS/he might smoke (might be a smoker).fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÆYou broke the thing.fl (inference from seeing the broken
Glosses: pån-le: ¿å--k-n. thing-DEF:CL DIR-broken-INF-2sg
Translation: pieces in the personfls hands)
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: themle stuåhå st°hjikt°i.
Glosses: 3pl food/rice DIR-eat-CSM-INF-3pl
Translation: ÆThey have already eaten.fl (inference from seeing used
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: themle stuåhå s-t°h-ji-k-t°i.
Glosses: 3pl food/rice DIR-eat-CSM-INF-3pl
Translation: ÆThey have already eaten.fl (inference from seeing used
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: (qå) dy ¿åmsuåkå!
Glosses: 1sg door DIR-NEG-lock-INF-1sg
Translation: ÆI didnflt lock the door!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: (qå) dy ¿å-m-suå-k-å!
Glosses: 1sg door DIR-NEG-lock-INF-1sg
Translation: ÆI didnflt lock the door!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: me:fi de°ikwå!
Glosses: rain DIR-release-INF-EMPH
Translation: ÆItfls raining!fl (just discovered; this clause could also mean
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: me:fi de-°i-k-wå!
Glosses: rain DIR-release-INF-EMPH
Translation: ÆItfls raining!fl (just discovered; this clause could also mean
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åqki!
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-INF-ADV
Translation: ÆHe went to Chengdu!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-q-k-i!
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-INF-ADV
Translation: ÆHe went to Chengdu!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: oh, the: Âb Âeteku!
Glosses: oh 3sg drum beat-INF-VIS
Translation: ÆOh, he WAS playing drums!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: oh, the: Âb Âete-k-u!
Glosses: oh 3sg drum beat-INF-VIS
Translation: ÆOh, he WAS playing drums!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: ¿åqkun.
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu DIR-go-INF-VIS-2sg
Translation: ÆYou went to Chengdu.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: ¿å-q-k-u-n.
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu DIR-go-INF-VIS-2sg
Translation: ÆYou went to Chengdu.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: oh, the: Âb Âetekuå!
Glosses: oh 3sg drum beat-INF-VIS-1sg
Translation: ÆOh, he IS playing a drum!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: oh, the: Âb Âete-k-u-å!
Glosses: oh 3sg drum beat-INF-VIS-1sg
Translation: ÆOh, he IS playing a drum!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå åpt°iantule: tså t°ykuå.
Glosses: 1sg grandfather-GEN-pipe-DEF:CL here bring-INF-VIS-1sg
Translation: ÆI mistakenly brought Grandfatherfls pipe here.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå åp-t°-iantu-le: tså t°y-k-u-å.
Glosses: 1sg grandfather-GEN-pipe-DEF:CL here bring-INF-VIS-1sg
Translation: ÆI mistakenly brought Grandfatherfls pipe here.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åqi.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-HS
Translation: ÆHe went to Chengdu.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-q-i.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-HS
Translation: ÆHe went to Chengdu.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qe:filot®uÙå, mutulå mujuq`u Âguzi wei.
Glosses: before-LOC heaven-LOC sun nine-CL exist-HS
Translation: Æ(It is said) in the past there were nine suns in the sky.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qe:filot®u-Ùå, mutu-lå mujuq`u Âgu-zi we-i.
Glosses: before-LOC heaven-LOC sun nine-CL exist-HS
Translation: Æ(It is said) in the past there were nine suns in the sky.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qe:fiqe:fitu ¿ålå kåpt® kou
Glosses: COP-INF :HS-PART
Translation: Æ(It is said) in the past there was an orphan.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qe:fi-qe:fi-tu ¿ålå kåpt® kou
Glosses: COP-INF :HS-PART
Translation: Æ(It is said) in the past there was an orphan.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°eun tupujiii!
Glosses: 2sg marry DIR-do-ASP-HS-ADV
Translation: Æ(I heard) you got married!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u t°eun tu-pu-ji-i-i!
Glosses: 2sg marry DIR-do-ASP-HS-ADV
Translation: Æ(I heard) you got married!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åqi sui.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-HS seem-ADV
Translation: ÆIt seems s/he went to Chengdu.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-q-i su-i.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-HS seem-ADV
Translation: ÆIt seems s/he went to Chengdu.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: dytå: le sui.
Glosses: Chengdu:LOC exist seem-ADV
Translation: ÆIt seems (s/he) lives in Chengdu.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: dytå: le su-i.
Glosses: Chengdu:LOC exist seem-ADV
Translation: ÆIt seems (s/he) lives in Chengdu.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: thå Âi.
Glosses: 3sg there exist
Translation: ÆS/he is there.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: thåÂimtån u.
Glosses: 3sg there-exist-NOM-appearance COP
Translation: ÆS/he might be there.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: thå-Âi-m-tån u.
Glosses: 3sg there-exist-NOM-appearance COP
Translation: ÆS/he might be there.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: thåÂis u.
Glosses: 3sg there-exist-NOM COP
Translation: ÆS/he is definitely there.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: thå-Âi-s u.
Glosses: 3sg there-exist-NOM COP
Translation: ÆS/he is definitely there.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ¿åqu uå?
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-VIS Q
Translation: ÆDid he go?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ¿å-q-u uå?
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-VIS Q
Translation: ÆDid he go?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ¿åqi uå?
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-HS Q
Translation: ÆDid he go?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ¿å-q-i uå?
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-HS Q
Translation: ÆDid he go?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: håqk uå?
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-INF Q
Translation: ÆDid he go?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: hå-q-k uå?
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-INF Q
Translation: ÆDid he go?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: ¿åqkn da?
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-INF-2sg Q
Translation: ÆDid you go down to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u dytå: ¿å-q-k-n da?
Glosses: 2sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-INF-2sg Q
Translation: ÆDid you go down to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åqk ja?
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-INF Q
Translation: ÆDid he go down to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-q-k ja?
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go-INF Q
Translation: ÆDid he go down to Chengdu?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u å qå aqs wekå:fi t°i?
Glosses: 2sg COM 1sg one-form exist-INF-PRS:1pl Q
Translation: Æ(Could it be) yours and mine are the same?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u å qå a-qs we-k-å:fi t°i?
Glosses: 2sg COM 1sg one-form exist-INF-PRS:1pl Q
Translation: Æ(Could it be) yours and mine are the same?fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ¿åqÂi.
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-CAUS-HS
Translation: ÆHe was made to go.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: ¿å-q-Â-i.
Glosses: 3sg DIR-go-CAUS-HS
Translation: ÆHe was made to go.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: pieye tupuji(u) qå dÂuk`u la.
Glosses: 3sg graduate DIR-do-CSM-VIS 1sg knowledge exist:1sg
Translation: ÆI know he graduated.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: pieye tu-pu-ji-(u) qå dÂuk`u la.
Glosses: 3sg graduate DIR-do-CSM-VIS 1sg knowledge exist:1sg
Translation: ÆI know he graduated.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: pieye tupujii qåmå.
Glosses: 3sg graduate DIR-do-CSM-HS 1sg DIR-hear:1sg
Translation: ÆI heard he graduated.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: pieye tu-pu-ji-i qå-må.
Glosses: 3sg graduate DIR-do-CSM-HS 1sg DIR-hear:1sg
Translation: ÆI heard he graduated.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿åqå met°hi, peit°inlå dåt°qåki.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go NEG-want Beijing-LOC DIR-CON-go-INF:HS
Translation: ÆIt seems he not only went to Chengdu, he also went to Beijing.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: dytå: ¿å-qå me-t°hi, peit°in-lå då-t°-qå-ki.
Glosses: 3sg Chengdu:LOC DIR-go NEG-want Beijing-LOC DIR-CON-go-INF:HS
Translation: ÆIt seems he not only went to Chengdu, he also went to Beijing.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Ùuqtå håqkitu, t°ike: tutsuki.
Glosses: 3sg mountain-top-LOC DIR-go-INF: HS-LNK bear-INDEF:CL DIR-meet-INF:HS
Translation: ÆWhen he went up on the mountain, he ran into a bear.fl (I
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: Ùu-q-tå hå-q-ki-tu, t°i-ke: tu-tsu-ki.
Glosses: 3sg mountain-top-LOC DIR-go-INF: HS-LNK bear-INDEF:CL DIR-meet-INF:HS
Translation: ÆWhen he went up on the mountain, he ran into a bear.fl (I
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qåwupåndelem mi.
Glosses: 1sg-AGT-thing-DIR-give-NOM person
Translation: Æthe person to whom I gave somethingfl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: qå-wu-pån-de-le-m mi.
Glosses: 1sg-AGT-thing-DIR-give-NOM person
Translation: Æthe person to whom I gave somethingfl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~uzun.
Glosses: 2sg DIR-sit-2sg
Translation: ÆYou sit!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u-zu-n.
Glosses: 2sg DIR-sit-2sg
Translation: ÆYou sit!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~uzun ji.
Glosses: 2sg DIR-sit-2sg say
Translation: ÆYou sit!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: ÷~u-zu-n ji.
Glosses: 2sg DIR-sit-2sg say
Translation: ÆYou sit!fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: hamale: u.
Glosses: 3sg stealthy-DEF:CL COP
Translation: He is the evasive one.
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: hama-le: u.
Glosses: 3sg stealthy-DEF:CL COP
Translation: He is the evasive one.
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: mi hamale:
Glosses: person stealthy-DEF:CL
Translation: the evasive person
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: mi hama-le:
Glosses: person stealthy-DEF:CL
Translation: the evasive person
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: hamai akhakhaqå.
Glosses: 3sg stealthy-ADV slowly DIR-go
Translation: S/he slowly and quietly goes/went in.
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: hama-i akhakha-qå.
Glosses: 3sg stealthy-ADV slowly DIR-go
Translation: S/he slowly and quietly goes/went in.
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: nåji mosu.
Glosses: 3sg good-ADV NEG-study
Translation: ÆS/he doesnflt study well.fl
Language: Northern Qiang
Transcription: the: nå-ji mo-su.
Glosses: 3sg good-ADV NEG-study
Translation: ÆS/he doesnflt study well.fl