lecslab/glosslm-corpus huggingface dataset:
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: haksayng-tul-i taypwupwun soselchayk-ul sa-ss-eyo .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM most novel-ACC buy-PAST-DECL
Translation: Most of the events of novel-buying involved students.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [kyosu-(uy) isip-phulo]-ka wassta .
Glosses: professor-GEN twenty-percent-NOM came
Translation: Twenty percent of the professors came.’ (conservative)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [kyosu]-ka isip-phulo wassta .
Glosses: professor-NOM twenty-percent came
Translation: Twenty percent of those who came were professors.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ecey ku chayk-ul sa-ss-e .
Glosses: yesterday KU book-ACC buy-PAST-DECL
Translation: I bought that book yesterday.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Minna-neun oneul achim-e chaeg se-gwon-gwa sinmun han-bu-leul sa-ss-da .
Glosses: Minna-TOP today morning-LOC book three-CL-and newspaper one-CL-ACC buy-PAST-DECL
Translation: Minna bought three books and one newspaper this morning.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Chaeg-*(tul)-eun naengjanggo-wi-e noh-yeo-iss-da .
Glosses: book-PL-TOP fridge-TOP-LOC lying-exist-DECL
Translation: The books are on top of the fridge.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: hoysa-eyse ipayk-myeng-uy yeca-eykey kongyen hongpo-lul hay-ss-ko , …
Glosses: company-FROM 200-CL-GEN woman-DAT show advertisement-ACC do-PAST-CONJ 
Translation: The company advertised the show to 200 women, and …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kongyen-ey ku yeca-tul-i sasip-myeng chamsekhay-ss-ta .
Glosses: show-DAT KU woman-PL-NOM 40-CL attend-PAST-DECL
Translation: Forty of those women attended the show.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kongyen-ey yeca-ka sasip-myeng chamsekhay-ss-ta .
Glosses: show-DAT woman-NOM 40-CL attend-PAST-DECL
Translation: Forty women attended the concert.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kongyen-ey yeca-tul-i sasip-myeng chamsekhay-ss-ta .
Glosses: show-DAT woman-PL-NOM 40-CL attend-PAST-DECL
Translation: {Forty of those women / Forty women} attended the show.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: … kongyen-ey [host noun]-i N-phulo chamsekhay-ss-ta .
Glosses: … show-DAT host noun-NOM N-percent attend-PAST-DECL
Translation: … N percent of {the women / women} attended the show.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [+DEF ,+CON] ku yeca-tul-i sasip-phulo …
Glosses:  KU woman-PL-NOM 40-%
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [+DEF ,–CON] ku yeca-tul-i phalsip-phulo …
Glosses:  KU woman-PL-NOM 80-%
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [–DEF ,+CON] yeca-ka sasip-phulo …
Glosses:  woman-NOM 40-%
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [–DEF ,–CON] yeca-ka phalsip-phulo …
Glosses:  woman-NOM 80-%
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng-tul-i sey-myeng maykcwu-lul masi-ess-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM 3-CL beer-ACC drink–PAST-DECL
Translation: Three students drank beer.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Haksayng-tul-i maykcwu-lul sey-myeng masi-ess-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM beer-ACC 3-CL drink–PAST-DECL
Translation: Three students drank beer.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?*Haksayng-tul-i ilpwule sey-myeng kong-ul pat-ass-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM deliberately 3-CL ball-ACC receive-PAST-DECL
Translation: Three students received a ball deliberately.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng-tul-i pwunmyenghi sey-myeng kong-ul pat-ass-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM evidently 3-CL ball-ACC receive–PAST-DECL
Translation: Evidently, three students received a ball.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng-tul-i sakwa-lul twu-myeng-i mek-ess-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM apple-ACC 2-CL-NOM eat–PAST-DECL
Translation: Two students ate apples.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng-tul-i sakwa-lul twu-myeng-man mek-ess-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM apple-ACC 2-CL-only eat–PAST-DECL
Translation: Only two students ate apples.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng-tul-i yelsimhi twu-myeng-i kong-ul cha-ss-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM diligently 2-CL-NOM ball-ACC kick-PAST-DECL
Translation: Two students kicked a ball diligently.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng-tul-i yelsimhi twu-myeng-man kong-ul cha-ss-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM diligently 2-CL-only ball-ACC kick-PAST-DECL
Translation: Two students kicked a ball diligently.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: uysa-tul-i pwunmyenghi isip-phulo chamkahay-ss-ta .
Glosses: doctor-PL-NOM certainly twenty-percent participate-PAST-DECL
Translation: Certainly, 20% of the doctors participated.’ [conservative] ‘Certainly, 20% of those who participated were doctors.’ [non-conservative]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: uysa-tul-I {capalcekulo / sengsilhi} isip-phulo chamkahay-ss-ta .
Glosses: doctor-PL-NOM voluntarily / diligently twenty-percent participate-PAST-DECL
Translation: 20% of the doctors voluntarily/diligently participated.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: malathon tayhoy-ey uysa-tul-i [adverb] isip-phulo chamkahay-ss-ta .
Glosses: marathon game-DAT doctor-PL-NOM [adverb] 20-% participate-PAST-DECL
Translation: ([Adverb],) 20% of the doctors participated ([adverb]) in the marathon.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [HIGH] … pwunmyenghi …
Glosses:  certainly
Translation: Certainly, 20% of the doctors participated in the marathon.’ ‘Certainly, 20% of those who participated in the marathon were doctors.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [LOW] … sengsilhi …
Glosses:  diligently
Translation: 20% of the doctors participated in the marathon diligently.’ *‘20% of those who participated diligently in the marathon were doctors.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ku kyowsu-tul-i taypwupwun wa-ss-ta .
Glosses: DEM professor-textscpl-NOM most come-PAST-DECL
Translation: Most of the professors came.’ [conservative] *‘Most of those who came were the professors.’ [non-conservative]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kyowsu-ka capalcekulo taypwupwun wa-ss-ta
Glosses: professor-NOM voluntarily most came
Translation: Most of the professors came voluntarily.’ [conservative] *‘Most of those who came voluntarily were professors.’ [non-conservative]
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: cinan hakhoy-ey kyoswu-tul-i twinuckey sasip-phulo tunglokhay-ss-ta .
Glosses: last conference-DAT professor-PL-NOM late 40-% register-PAST-DECL
Translation: At the last conference, 40% of those who registered late were professors.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: cinan hakhoy-ey kyoswu-tul-i twinuckey sasip-phulo-ka tunglokhay-ss-ta .
Glosses: last conference-DAT professor-PL-NOM late 40-%-NOM register-PAST-DECL
Translation: At the last conference, professors, 40% of them, registered late.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng myech-myeng-i khemphyuthe chayk-ul sass-ni ?
Glosses: student how.many-CL-NOM computer book-ACC bought-Q
Translation: How many students bought the computer book?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?Haksayng-i kukes-ul twu-myeng sa-sse .
Glosses: Student-NOM it-ACC 2-CL buy-PAST-DECL
Translation: Two students bought it.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng-i khemphyuthe-lul twu-myeng , phulinthe-lul sey-myeng sassta .
Glosses: student-NOM computer-ACC 2-CL printer-ACC 3-CL bought
Translation: Two student bought computers and three students bought printers.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Haksayng-tul-i maykcwu-lul sey-myeng motwu masi-ess-ta .
Glosses: student-PL-NOM beer-ACC 3-CL all drink–PAST-DECL
Translation: All three students drank beer.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *vo tum hɛ
Glosses: that you be.PRES.3S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘He/she is you.’ (A third person adopts your identity)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , mɛ̃ tum hũ:
Glosses: today=ABL, I you be.PRES.1S
Translation: From today, I play you.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘You play me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , tum mɛ̃ ho
Glosses: today=ABL, you I be.PRES.2S
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , mɛ̃ si:ta: hũ:
Glosses: today=ABL, I Sita.FS be.PRES.1S
Translation: From today, I play Sita.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘Sita plays me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , tum gi:ta: ho
Glosses: today=ABL, you Gita.FS be.PRES.2S
Translation: From today, you play Gita.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘Gita plays you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , si:ta: mɛ̃ hũ:
Glosses: today=ABL, Sita.FS I be.PRES.1S
Translation: From today, I play Sita.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘Sita plays me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , si:ta: gi:ta: hɛ aur gi:ta: si:ta: hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, Sita.FS Gita.FS be.PRES.3S and Gita.FS Sita.FS be.PRES.3S
Translation: From today, Sita plays Gita and Gita plays Sita.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , vo mɛ̃ hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, that I be.PRES.3S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, he/she plays me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , si:ta: mɛ̃ hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, Sita.FS I be.PRES.3S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, Sita plays me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , vo tum hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, that you be.PRES.3S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, he/she plays you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , si:ta: tum hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, Sita.FS you be.PRES.3
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, Sita plays you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , mɛ̃ vo ban gaya hũ:
Glosses: today=ABL, I(M) that become go.PFV.MS be.PRES.1S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, I have become him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , vo mɛ̃ ban gaya hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, that(M) I become go.PFV.MS be.PRES.3S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, he has become me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , vo tum ban gaya hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, that(M) you become go.PFV.MS be.PRES.3S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, he has become you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , vo mɛ̃ hũ:
Glosses: today=ABL, that I be.PRES.1S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, he/she plays me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , si:ta: mɛ̃ hũ:
Glosses: today=ABL, Sita.FS I be.PRES.1S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, Sita plays me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , vo tum ho
Glosses: today=ABL, that you be.PRES.2S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, he/she plays you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , si:ta: tum ho
Glosses: today=ABL, Sita.FS you be.PRES.2S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, Sita plays you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , ve log tum hɛ̃
Glosses: today=ABL, those people you be.PRES.3P
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, they play you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , ve log tum hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, those people you be.PRES.DEF
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, they play you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , vo mera: / tumha:ra: kirda:r nibha:egi:
Glosses: today=ABL, that(F) 1S.GEN  2S.GEN role play.FUT.FS
Translation: From today, she will play my/your role.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Sabah man-Ø-e
Glosses: Sabah I-be-3S
Translation: Sabah is me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ich bin/*ist er .
Glosses: I.NOM am/is he.NOM
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ???Er ist/bin ich .
Glosses: he.NOM is/am I.NOM
Translation: He is me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Er bin ich .
Glosses: he.NOM be.1S I.NOM
Translation: I am him.’ (UNAVAILABLE: ‘He is me.’)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Er ist meine Wenigkeit .
Glosses: he is my negligibility
Translation: He is me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ich bin/*bist du .
Glosses: I.NOM am/are you.NOM
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Du bist/*bin ich .
Glosses: you.NOM are/am I.NOM
Translation: You are me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Shadi-n yes ei/*er
Glosses: Shadi-SP I be.PST.1S/be.PST.3S
Translation: Shadi was me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: yes Shadi-n ei
Glosses: I Shadi-SP be.PST.1S
Translation: I was Shadi.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , si:ta: salma: aur gi:ta: hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, Sita Salma and Gita be.PRES.3S
Translation: From today, Sita plays Salma and Gita.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , salma: aur gi:ta: si:ta: hɛ̃
Glosses: today=ABL, Salma and Gita Sita be.PRES.3P
Translation: From today, Salma and Gita play Sita.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , si:ta: (mã: aur ba:p) donõ hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, Sita mother and father both be.PRES.3S
Translation: From today, Sita plays both mother and father.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , (mã: aur ba:p) donõ Sita hɛ̃
Glosses: today=ABL, mother and father both Sita be.PRES.3P
Translation: From today, both mother and father play Sita.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: %is na:Tak=mẽ , ra:m do pa:tr hɛ
Glosses: this play=LOC, Ram two characters be.PRES.3S
Translation: In this play, Ram plays two characters.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?is na:Tak=mẽ , ra:m do log hɛ
Glosses: this play=LOC, Ram two people be.PRES.3S
Translation: In this play, Ram plays two people.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: us din=se , salma: ramesh thi:
Glosses: that day=ABL, Salma(F) Ramesh(M) be.PST.FS
Translation: From that day onwards, Salma was Ramesh.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: us din=se , salma: ramesh hogi:
Glosses: that day=ABL, Salma(F) Ramesh(M) be.FUT.3FS
Translation: From that day onwards, Salma will be Ramesh.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: us din=se , ramesh salma: tha:
Glosses: that day=ABL, Ramesh(M) Salma:(F) be.PST.MS
Translation: From that day onwards, Ramesh was Salma.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: us din=se , ramesh salma: hoga:
Glosses: that day=ABL, Ramesh(M) Salma:(F) be.FUT.3MS
Translation: From that day onwards, Ramesh will be Salma.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ mi:na:=ka:/*mi:na: ṭi:na:=se ba:t karna:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses:  Mina=GEN/Mina Tina=INST talk do.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: Mina’s talking to Tina is necessary.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ mera:/*mɛ̃ ṭi:na:=se ba:t karna:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses:  I.GEN/I Tina=INST talk do.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: My talking to Tina is necessary.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mi:na:=ne kita:b paṛhi:
Glosses: Mina=ERG book.F read.PFV.FS
Translation: Mina read a/the book.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ mi:na:=ka: kita:b paṛhna:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses:  Mina=GEN book read.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: Mina’s reading a/the book is necessary.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [PRO adhya:pak hona:/banna:] acchi: ba:t hɛ
Glosses:  teacher be.INF/become.INF good.F thing.FS be.PRES.3S
Translation: It is a good thing to be/become a teacher.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [mi:na:=ka: adhya:pak hona:/banna:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses: Mina=GEN teacher be.INF/become.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: It is necessary for Mina to be/become a teacher.’ (note: no assumed identity interpretation is available)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *[ PRO mɛ̃/tum hona:/banna:] acchi: ba:t hɛ
Glosses:  I/you be.INF/become.INF good.F thing.FS be.PRES.3S
Translation: It is a good thing to be/become me/you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *[ mi:na:=ka: mɛ̃/tum hona:/banna:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses:  Mina=GEN I/you be.INF/become.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: It is necessary for Mina to be/become me/you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ mi:na:=ka: vo hona:/banna:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses:  Mina=GEN that be.INF/become.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: It is necessary for Mina to be/become that.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘It is necessary for Mina to be/become her/him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *[ mi:na:=ka: vo (adhya:pak) hona:/banna:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses:  Mina=GEN that teacher.MS be.INF/become.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: INTENDED:’It is necessary for Mina to be/become that teacher.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [PRO vina: *hona:/?banna:] acchi: ba:t hɛ
Glosses:  vi:na be.INF/become.INF good.F thing.FS be.PRES.3S
Translation: It is a good thing to be/become Vina.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [ mi:na:=ka: vi:na: *hona:/?banna:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses:  Mina=GEN Vina be.INF/become.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: It is necessary for Mina to be/become Vina.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [tumha:ra: vo hona:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses: you.GEN that be.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: It is necessary for you to be that.’ (where that picks out some salient property identified via ostension) Unavailable: ‘It is necessary for you to be him/her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [vo hona:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses: that be.INF necessary be.PRS.3SG
Translation: It is necessary for that to happen.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tum=ne vo uṭha:ya:
Glosses: you=ERG that lift.PFV.3MS
Translation: You lifted it/*him/*her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tum=ne us=ko uṭha:ya:
Glosses: you=ERG that=DOM lift.PFV.3MS
Translation: You lifted it/him/her.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mi:na: ashṭa:dhya:yi: paṛh rahi: hɛ
Glosses: Mina ashṭa:dhya:yi: read PROG.FS be.PRES.3S
Translation: Mina is reading Ashtadhyayi.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mi:na: si:ta:*(=ko) yahã bula: rahi: hɛ
Glosses: Mina Sita=DOM here call PROG.FS be.PRES.3S
Translation: Mina is calling Sita here.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ich zu sein ist nicht einfach .
Glosses: I.NOM to be.INF is not easy
Translation: It is not easy to be/play me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Er scheint ich zu sein .
Glosses: he.NOM seems I.NOM to be.INF
Translation: He seems to be me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: us din=se , mɛ̃ si:ta: tha:
Glosses: that day=ABL, I(M) Sita.FS be.PST.MS
Translation: From that day, I played Sita.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘Sita played me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?us din=se , si:ta: mɛ̃ thi:
Glosses: that day=ABL, Sita.FS I(M) be.PST.FS
Translation: From that day, Sita played me’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘I played Sita.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: us din=se , tum si:ta: the
Glosses: that day=ABL, you(MP) Sita.FS be.PST.MP
Translation: From that day, you played Sita.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘Sita played you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?us din=se , si:ta: tum thi:
Glosses: that day=ABL, Sita.FS you(M) be.PST.FS
Translation: From that day, Sita played you’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘you played Sita.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mɛ̃ si:ta: ban gaya: tha:
Glosses: I(M) Sita.FS become go.PFV.MS be.PST.MS
Translation: I became Sita.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘Sita became me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: si:ta: mɛ̃ ban gayi: thi:
Glosses: Sita.FS I(M) become go.PFV.FS be.PST.FS
Translation: Sita became me.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘I became Sita.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mɛ̃ si:ta: ban ja:ũ:ga:
Glosses: I(M) Sita.FS become go.FUT.1MS
Translation: I will become Sita.’ UNAVAILABLE: ‘Sita will become me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *si:ta: mɛ̃ ban ja:egi:
Glosses: Sita.FS I(M) become go.FUT.FS
Translation: INTENDED: ‘Sita will become me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ich war er .
Glosses: I be.PST.1/3 him
Translation: I was him.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Er war ich
Glosses: He be.PST.1/3 I
Translation: He was me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se , mɛ̃ si:ta: hũ:, aur si:ta: mɛ̃ hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, I Sita be.PRES.1S, and Sita I be.PRES.3S
Translation: From today, I am Sita, and Sita is me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , mɛ̃ si:ta: hũ:, aur si:ta: mɛ̃ 
Glosses: today=ABL, I Sita be.PRES.1S, and Sita I be.PRES.3S
Translation: From today, I am Sita, and Sita is me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *a:j=se ravi mɛ̃ hɛ aur mɛ̃ ravi hũ:.
Glosses: today=ABL Ravi I be.PRES.3S and I Ravi be.PRES.1S
Translation: INTENDED: ‘From today, Ravi is me and I am Ravi.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?a:j=se ravi mɛ̃ aur mɛ̃ ravi hũ:.
Glosses: today=ABL Ravi I and I Ravi be.PRES.1S
Translation: From today, Ravi is me and I am Ravi.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: gi:ta: mɛ̃ thi:
Glosses: Gita.FS I.(MS) be.PST.FS
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: gi:ta: tum thi:
Glosses: Gita.FS you.(MS) be.PST.FS
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *mi:ra:=ne [ ravi=ka mɛ̃ ban-na:] ca:ha: tha:
Glosses: Mira=ERG  Ravi=GEN I become-INF want.PFV.DEF be.PST.DEF
Translation: Mira had wanted Ravi to become me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mi:ra:=ne [ ravi=ka adhya:pak ban-na:] ca:ha: tha:
Glosses: Mira=ERG  Ravi=GEN teacher become-INF want.PFV.DEF be.PST.DEF
Translation: Mira had wanted Ravi to become a teacher.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mi:na: akhba:r paṛhegi:
Glosses: Mina.F newspaper.M read.FUT.3FS
Translation: Mina will read a/the newspaper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mi:na: tumhe akhba:r degi:
Glosses: Mina.F you.DAT newspaper.M read.FUT.3FS
Translation: Mina will give you a/the newspaper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: darwa:za: kal khulega:
Glosses: door.MS tomorrow open.FUT.3MS
Translation: The door will open tomorrow.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mujhe paise milẽge
Glosses: me.DAT money.MP find.FUT.3MP
Translation: I will get money.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: tum mi:na: ho
Glosses: you Mina be.PRES.2P
Translation: You are Mina.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: mi:na: vo (adhya:pak) hɛ
Glosses: Mina that teacher be.PRES.3SG
Translation: Mina is that teacher/Mina is that one.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *mi:na: tum ho/hɛ
Glosses: Mina you.P be.PRES.2P/be.PRES.2/3.S
Translation: Intended: ‘Mina is you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ravi=ne kita:b paṛhi:
Glosses: Ravi.M=ERG book.F read.PFV.FS
Translation: Ravi read a/the book.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ravi=ne mujhe kita:b di:
Glosses: Ravi.M=ERG me.DAT book.F give.PFV.FS
Translation: Ravi gave me a/the book.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: vo tum=ko/*tum ḍã:ṭega:
Glosses: 3MS you=DOM/you scold.FUT.3MS
Translation: He will scold you.
Language: Yang Zhuang
Transcription: a:j=se , vo tu: hɛ
Glosses: today=ABL, that 2NH be.PRES.3S
Translation: From today, he/she plays you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a:j=se , vo a:p hɛ̃
Glosses: today=ABL, that 2H be.PRES.3PL
Translation: From today, he/she plays you.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [akhba:r/akhba:r=ka: waqt=pe a:na:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses: newspaper/newspaper=GEN time=on come.INF necessary be.PRES.DEF
Translation: The newspaper’s coming on time is necessary.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *[ vo aurat waqt=pe a:-na:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses:  that woman time=on come-INF necessary be.PRS.3SG
Translation: intended: ‘It is necessary for that woman to come on time.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: [mera: vo aurat *ho-na:/?ban-na:] zaru:ri: hɛ
Glosses: me.GEN that woman be-INF/become-INF necessary be.PRS.3S
Translation: It is necessary for me to be/become that woman.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription:  us=ne vo aurat dekh-i:
Glosses:  that.OBL=ERG DEM woman see-PFV.F
Translation: He/she saw that woman.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: is na:ṭak=mẽ tum Ramesh nahĩ: ??(ho)?
Glosses: this play=IN you.PL Ramesh Neg be.PRS.2PL
Translation: Aren’t/are you not Ramesh in this play?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *is na:ṭak=mẽ Ramesh tum nahĩ: (hɛ)?
Glosses: this play=IN Ramesh you.PL Neg be.PRS.2PL
Translation: Intended: ‘Isn’t/is Ramesh not you in this play?
Language: German
Transcription: 30 Prozent der Studierenden arbeiten .
Glosses: 30 percent-NOM the-GEN students-GEN work
Translation: 30 percent of students work.’ (conservative)
Language: German
Transcription: 30 Prozent Studierende arbeiten hier .
Glosses: 30 percent-NOM students-NOM work here
Translation: 30 percent of workers here are students.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Korean
Transcription: Hoysa-ka [yeca-(uy) osip-phulo]-lul ceyyonghayssta .
Glosses: company-NOM woman-GEN fifty-percent-ACC hired
Translation: The company hired fifty percent of the women.’ (conservative)
Language: Korean
Transcription: Hoysa-ka yeca-lul osip-phulo ceyyonghayssta .
Glosses: company-NOM woman-ACC fifty-percent hired
Translation: The company hired fifty percent women.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Korean
Transcription: Hoysa-ka yeca-lul (maynyen) osip-phulo (maynyen) ceyyonghayssta .
Glosses: Company-NOM woman-ACC every.year fifty-percent every.year hired . 
Translation: The company hired fifty percent women every year.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Mandarin Chinese
Transcription: Tāmen lùyòng le 5% de běndì-rén
Glosses: 3PL . hire PERF 5% DE local-person
Translation: a. ‘They hired 5% of the locals.’ (conservative) b. ‘5% of the persons they hired are locals.’ (non-conservative)
Language: French
Transcription: Ce film a été vu par deux tiers des journalistes .
Glosses: This movie has been seen by two thirds of the journalists
Translation: Two thirds of the journalists have seen this movie.’ (conservative)
Language: French
Transcription: Ce film a été vu par deux tiers de journalistes
Glosses: this movie has been seen by two thirds of journalists
Translation: Two thirds of the people who have seen this movie are journalists.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Italian
Transcription: Gianni ha parlato a un terzo delle donne .
Glosses: Gianni has talked to a third of the women
Translation: Gianni talked to a third of the women.’ (conservative)
Language: Italian
Transcription: Gianni ha parlato a un terzo di donne .
Glosses: Gianni has talked to a third of women
Translation: A third of those Gianni talked to were women.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Brazilian Portuguese
Transcription: O filme foi visto por 1/3 dos jornalistas .
Glosses: the movie was seen by 1/3 of.the journalists
Translation: The movie was seen by 1/3 of the journalists.’ (conservative)
Language: Brazilian Portuguese
Transcription: O filme foi visto por 1/3 de jornalistas .
Glosses: the movie was seen by 1/3 of journalists
Translation: One third of the people who saw the movie were journalists.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Brazilian Portuguese
Transcription: O filme foi visto por 1/3 de jornalista .
Glosses: The movie was seen by 1/3 of journalist
Translation: One third of the people who saw the movie were journalists.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Brazilian Portuguese
Transcription: A Maria leu revista ontem .
Glosses: the Maria read magazine yesterday
Translation: Mary read magazines yesterday.’ (episodic sentence)
Language: Brazilian Portuguese
Transcription: Baleia está em extinção .
Glosses: whale is in extinction
Translation: Whales are/ the whale is on the verge of extinction.’ (kind predication)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Gato come rato .
Glosses: cat eat mouse
Translation: Cats eat mice’ (Ferreira 2021: 501)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: João gosta de cachorro .
Glosses: João likes of dog
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ele comprou computador .
Glosses: he bought computer
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Cachorro late (quando está bravo)
Glosses: dog barks (when is angry)
Translation: Dogs bark (when they are angry).’ (Ferreira 2021: 500)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mulher discutiu as eleições , homem discutiu futebol…
Glosses: woman discussed-PERF the elections man discussed-PERF soccer
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: No ano 2030 , gavião-real vai estar extinto .
Glosses: in.the year 2030 hawk-royal will be extinct
Translation: In the year 2030, royal hawks will be extinct.’ (Schmitt & Munn 2002: 187)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: “Perdi a minha aliança !” gritou Didi . (…) E nada de encontrar aliança .
Glosses: lost the my ring shouted Didi  and nothing of find ring
Translation: I have lost my wedding ring!” cried Didi. (…) And it was impossible to find it.’ (Cyrino & Espinal 2015: 480)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Eu vi criança na sala . E {ela estava / elas estavam} ouvindo .
Glosses: I saw child in.the room and she was  they were listening . 
Translation: I saw a child/children in the room. And she was/they were listening.’ (Munn & Schmitt 2005: 825)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ninguém poderá usar-nos/usá-lo como testemunha .
Glosses: nobody will.be.able to.use-us/him as witness
Translation: Nobody will be able to use us/him as witnesses/as witness.’ (Munn & Schmitt 2002)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Cachorro late .
Glosses: dog bark
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: A empresa contratou 55 porcento das mulheres .
Glosses: the company hired 55 percent of.the women
Translation: The company hired 55 percent of the women.’ (conservative; elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: A empresa contratou 55 porcento de mulheres .
Glosses: the company hired 55 percent of women
Translation: 55 percent of the people the company hired were women.’ (non-conservative; elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dez porcento de Americanos fumam Marlboro .
Glosses: ten percent of Americans smoke Marlboro
Translation: Ten percent of Americans smoke Marlboro.’ (conservative; elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Um terço das mulheres e meninas é vítima de violência .
Glosses: One third of women and girls is victim of violence
Translation: One third of the women and girls is victim of violence’ (conservative; elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Um terço de mulheres e meninas é vítima de violência .
Glosses: One third of women and girls is victim of violence
Translation: One third of women and girls is victim of violence’ (conservative: news article8)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Eles beberam 30 porcento da cerveja .
Glosses: they drank 30 percent of.the beer
Translation: They drank 30 percent of the beer.’ (conservative; elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Eles beberam 30 porcento de cerveja .
Glosses: they drank 30 percent of beer
Translation: 30 percent of what they drank was beer.’ (non-conservative; elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: A loja vendeu 30 porcento da prataria .
Glosses: the store sold 30 percent of.the silveware
Translation: The store sold 30 percent of the silverware.’ (conservative; elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: A loja vendeu 30 porcento de prataria .
Glosses: the store sold 30 percent of silverware
Translation: 30 percent of what the store sold was silverware.’ (non-conservative; elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tem que colocar 30% de mulheres , certo ? O partido que não coloca , ele vai incorrer em uma ilicitude . Vários candidatos masculinos foram cortados , porque tem que ter   , disse Bivar .
Glosses: must put thirty percent of women right the part that NEG put he will incur in a illegality . many candidates masculine were cut because must have thirty percent of woman, said Bivar
Translation: There must be 30% of women, right? The political party that does not include it will be doing something illegal. Several male candidates were cut because we must have 30% of women, said Bivar.’ (Twitter)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tipo pelo que falam dele e da empresa eu penso que nos EUA tem uns     já kk
Glosses: like about.the that speak of.him and of.the business I think that in.the USA have some 40 percent of car electric already kk
Translation: Based on what they say about him [Elon Musk] and his business, I would think that the US already has 40% of electric cars kk’ (Twitter)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: (…) Depois dá uma lida na biografia dele . Mas até ter     vai levar uns anos aí de muita gente fabricando carro elétrico (…)
Glosses:  afterwards give a read in.the biography of.him but until have 40 percent of car electric will take some years there of many people producing car electric
Translation: (…) When you can, read his biography. It will take a few years of many people fabricating electric cars [to have 40% of electric cars] (…)’ (Twitter)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: MDB se compromete a ter    nos cargos de direção .
Glosses: MDB SE commit to have 30 percent of woman in.the positions of management
Translation: MDB is committed to including 30% of women in management positions.’ (news article)11
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Li já irritada por ser cliché e a cada capítulo eu falo que vou parar e já se foram   (…).
Glosses: read already irritated by be cliché and at each chapter I speak that go stop and already SE went 20 percent of book . 
Translation: (…) I was already irritated when reading it because it is cliché, and every chapter I tell myself I am going to stop, and 20% of the book is already gone (…).’ (Twitter)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: roteiro inteligentíssimo . o Michael Fassbender entra só depois de    (…)
Glosses: screenplay most.intelligent the Michael Fassbender enters only after of one third of movie
Translation: Extremely intelligent screenplay. Michael Fassbender only enters after one third of the movie (…).’ (Twitter)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: dos 190 milhões de brasileiros 60 milhões têm menos de 18 anos . É       
Glosses: of.the 190 millions of Brazilians 60 millions have less than 18 years it.is one third of child/teenager of.the America Latin/Caribbean
Translation: (…) Of the 190 millions of Brazilians, 60 millions are less than 18 years old. It is one third of the children/teenager of Latin America/the Caribbean.’ (Twitter)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: #roteiro inteligentíssimo . o Michael Fassbender entra só depois de    
Glosses: screenplay most.intelligent the Michael Fassbender enters only after of one third of movies
Language: German
Transcription: Dreißig Prozent [westfälische] Studierende arbeiten here .
Glosses: thirty percent Westphalian students work here
Translation: Thirty percent of student workers here are Westphalian.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Eu vi criança na sala . E ela estava/ elas estavam ouvindo .
Glosses: I saw child in.the room and she was they were listening . 
Translation: I saw a child/children in the room. And she was/they were listening.’ (Munn & Schmitt 2005: 825)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Dez porcento de Americano fuma Marlboro .
Glosses: ten percent of American smoke Marlboro
Translation: Ten percent of Americans smoke Marlboro.’ (elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Tem que colocar   , certo ? O partido que não coloca , ele vai incorrer em uma ilicitude . Vários candidato-s masculino-s foram cortados , porque tem que ter   , disse Bivar .
Glosses: must put thirty percent of women right the part that NEG put he will incur in a illegality . many candidate-PL masculine-PL were.PL cut.PL because must have 30 percent of woman, said Bivar
Translation: There must be 30% of women, right? The political party that does not include it will be doing something illegal. Several male candidates were cut because we must have 30% of women, said Bivar.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Personne ne nous/le pourra prendre comme témoin .
Glosses: nobody NE us/him will.be.able.to take as witness
Translation: Nobody will be able to use us/him as witness.’ (French)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Nadie podrá usarnos/usarlo como testigo
Glosses: nobody will.be.able.to use.us/use.him as witness
Translation: Nobody will be able to use us/him as witness.’ (Spanish)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ninguém poderá nos usar/usar-nos/usá-lo como testemunha .
Glosses: nobody will.be.able.to us to-use/use.us/use.him as witness
Translation: Nobody will be able to use us/him as witness.’ (BrP)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Compré perros de cola larga .
Glosses: bought dogs of tail long
Translation: I bought dogs with long tails.’ (Spanish)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Comprei cachorros de rabo comprido .
Glosses: bought dogs of tail long
Translation: I bought dogs with long tails.’ (BrP)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: J’ai acheté des chiens à queue longue .
Glosses: I=have bought INDEF.PL dogs with tail long
Translation: I bought dogs with long tails.’ (French, elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Ce champ contient deux tiers de chevaux .
Glosses: this field contains two thirds of horses
Translation: Two thirds of the animals in this field are horses.’ (elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *Ce champ contient deux tiers de cheval .
Glosses: this field contains two thirds of horse
Translation: Intended: ‘Two thirds of the animals in this field are horses.’ (elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: La película fue vista por 1/3 de periodistas .
Glosses: the movie was seen by one third of journalists
Translation: Two thirds of the people who have seen this movie are journalists.’ (elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: *La película fue vista por 1/3 de periodista .
Glosses: the movie was seen by one third of journalist
Translation: Intended: ‘Two thirds of the people who have seen this movie are journalists.’ (elicited)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Un terzo di donne ha parlato a Gianni .
Glosses: a third of women have talked with Gianni
Translation: A third of those who talked to Gianni were women.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: ?Ha parlato a Gianni un terzo di donne .
Glosses: have talked with Gianni a third of women
Translation: A third of those who talked to Gianni were women.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhāngsān zhīdào wǒ/nǐ haì-le zìjǐ .
Glosses: Zhangsan know 1SG/2SG ruin-PERF self
Translation: Zhangsan knew that I/you ruined self.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhāngsān gàosù wǒ Lǐsì hèn zìjǐ .
Glosses: Zhangsan tell 1SG Lisi hate self
Translation: Zhangsan told me that Lisi hated self.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhāngsān shuō “wǒ xǐhuān wǒ .”
Glosses: Zhangsan say 1SG(=external speaker) like 1SG(=Zhangsan)
Translation: Zhangsan said “I liked me.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhāngsān yǐweí Lǐsì huì bǎ Xiǎomíng daì huí zìjǐ de jiā .
Glosses: Zhangsan think Lisi will BA Xiaoming bring back self DE home
Translation: Zhangsan thought Lisi would bring Xiaoming to self’s home.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhāngsān yǐweí Lǐsì huì bǎ nǐ daì huí zìjǐ de jiā .
Glosses: Zhangsan think Lisi will BA 2SG bring back self DE home
Translation: Zhangsan thought Lisi would bring you to self’s home.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhāngsān yǐweí wǒ huì bǎ nǐ daì huí zìjǐ de jiā .
Glosses: Zhangsan think 1SG will BA 2SG bring back self DE home
Translation: Zhangsan thought I would bring you to self’s home.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhāngsān gàosù biérén Lǐsì/wǒ juéde zìjǐ míngnián kéyǐ kǎojìn hǎo dàxué .
Glosses: Zhangsan tell others Lisi/1SG think self next-year can get-in good university
Translation: Zhangsan told others that Lisi/I thought self could get in a good university next year.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā tīngshuō wǒ/Wáng jiàoshoù gānggāng pīgaǐ le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG heard 1SG/Prof . Wang just grade PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he heard that I/Prof. Wang had just graded self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā tīngshuō wǒ gānggāng fābiǎo/pīgaǐ-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG heard 1SG just publish/grade-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he heard that I had just published/graded self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā wǒ tīngshuō gānggāng fābiǎo-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG 1SG heard just publish-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he heard that I had just published self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā tīngshuō wǒ gānggāng pīgaǐ-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG heard 1SG just grade-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he heard that I had just graded self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā tīngshuō Wáng jiàoshoù gānggāng fābiǎo-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG heard Prof . Wang just publish-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he heard that Prof. Wang had just published self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā tīngshuō Wáng jiàoshoù gānggāng pīgaǐ-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG heard Prof . Wang just grade-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he heard that Prof. Wang had just graded self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā gàosù wǒ Wáng jiàoshoù gānggāng fābiǎo-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG tell 1SG Prof . Wang just publish-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he told me that Prof. Wang had just published self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí-lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā gàosù wǒ Wáng jiàoshoù gānggāng pīgaǐ-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG tell 1SG Prof . Wang just grade-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he told me that Prof. Wang had just graded self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí-lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā gàosù biérén Wáng jiàoshoù gānggāng fābiǎo-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG tell others Prof . Wang just publish-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he told others that Prof. Wang had just published self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Xiǎomíng shì bānjí-lǐ de yōuxiù xuéshēng . Kè shàng , tā gàosù biérén Wáng jiàoshoù gānggāng pīgaǐ-le zìjǐ de xuéshù lùnwén .
Glosses: Xiaoming be class in DE good student lecture on 3SG tell others Prof . Wang just grade-PERF self DE academic paper
Translation: Xiaoming is a good student in the class. During the lecture, he told others that Prof. Wang had just graded self’s academic paper.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhè-xiē shùjù biǎomíng zhè-gè shàonián dānwù-le zìjǐ zhěngzhěng sān nián .
Glosses: This-CL data indicate this-CL boy waste-PERF self wholly three year
Translation: These data suggest that this boy had wasted self’s life for three whole years.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Zhè-gè shàonián biǎomíng zhè-xiē shùjù dānwù-le zìjǐ zhěngzhěng sān nián .
Glosses: this-CL boy indicate this CL data waste-PERF self wholly three years
Translation: This boy suggests that these data had wasted self’s life for three whole years.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Korean /kaps/ [kap] ‘price’
Glosses: Québec French /putr/ [pʊt] ‘beam’
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Cairene Arabic /katab-t-l-ha/ [ka .tab .til .ha] ‘I wrote to her’
Glosses: Chaha /srt/ [sɨrt] ‘cauterize !
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: /larg/ *[la .rge], [lar .ge], *[la .reg] ‘wide’
Glosses: /magr/ *[ma.gre], *[mag.re], [ma.ger] ‘thin’
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a . /nas/ [nat] ‘sickle’
Glosses: b . /hiɨh/ [hi.ɨt] ‘the letter /h/’
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: … le gouvernement | prend contact …
Glosses: … the government | makes contact …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: … le gouvernement … et s’assure | que …
Glosses: … the government … and ensures | that …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: La côte escarpée | …
Glosses: The steep hill | …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: … qui tournaient toujours | …
Glosses: … that always pivoted | …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Le hasard , | tout bêtement , | car le Premier Ministre , | …
Glosses: Happenstance, | quite frankly, | since the Prime Minister, | …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: … depuis les élections . | …
Glosses: … since the elections . | …
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a . The chameleon chased the butterfly .
Glosses: b . The butterfly chased the chameleon .
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a . The chameleon chased the butterfly , Charlie .
Glosses: b . You should know Charlie, that the chameleon chased the butterfly .
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: huzing=su kani , hu ?
Glosses: dog=2SG.GEN this PRT
Translation: This is your dog, right?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: huzing=su kani pi ?
Glosses: dog=2SG.GEN this PRT
Translation: Comment: This means you doubt whether it’s her dog. Paraphrase: ‘This is not your dog, right?’/‘Is this really your dog?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: lay tax-an yiga’ hani ra ?
Glosses: good watch-LV movie this PRT
Translation: This was a good movie, eh?
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: kyang huzing=mu la ki
Glosses: exist dog=1SG.GEN COS PRT
Translation: I have a dog.’ Comment: People don’t believe you have a dog, and you refute. (Shiwei Chen, p.c.)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: na , cha sa-ss-ta↓
Glosses: 1SG car buy-PAST-DECL
Translation: I bought a car.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: cha sa-ss-ta-ko-↓
Glosses: car buy-PAST-DECL-COMP
Translation: (I SAID) I bought a car!’ Ceong (2019: 133 (129a/c))
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: cha sa-ss-ta-y
Glosses: car buy-PAST-DECL-COMP-HEARSAY
Translation: (I was told by someone that) I bought a car.’ (H. Ceong, p.c.)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: swul sa-la↓
Glosses: alcohol buy-IMP
Translation: Buy a drink!
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: swul sa-la-ko↓
Glosses: alcohol buy-IMP-COMP
Translation: I said you should buy a drink!’ Ceong (2019: 160 (158))
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: swul sa-la-y
Glosses: alcohol buy-IMP-HEARSAY
Translation: pro said you should buy a drink!’ (H. Ceong, p.c.)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a . I am such an idiot .
Glosses: b . You are such an idiot .
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a . *Eliza , I am such an idiot .
Glosses: b . Eliza, you are such an idiot .
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: a . thought ➔ communication ➔ language
Glosses: b .   communication ➔ language = thought
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Huáwéi gù-le bǎifēnzhī sānshí de běndì-rén .
Glosses: Huawei hire-PRF percent 30 LNK local-people
Translation: Huawei has hired 30% of the locals.’ (conservative)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Huáwéi gù-le bǎifēnzhī sānshí de BĚNDÌ-RÉN .
Glosses: Huawei hire-PRF percent 30 LNK local-people
Translation: Huawei has hired 30% LOCALS and 70% NON-LOCALS.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Huáwéi gù-le 30% de BĚNDÌ-RÉN , 70% de WÀIDÌ-RÉN .
Glosses: Huawei hire-PRF 30% LNK local-people 70% LNK non-local-people
Translation: Huawei has hired 30% LOCALS and 70% NON-LOCALS.’ (non-conservative)
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Mǎlì pá-le zùi gāo de shān .
Glosses: Mary climb-PRF -est high LNK mountain
Translation: Mary climbed the highest mountain.
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Huáwéi méiyǒu gù 70% de běndì-rén .
Glosses: Huawei not hire 70% DE local-people
Language: Unknown language
Transcription: Huáwéi méiyǒu gù 70% de BĚNDÌ-RÉN .
Glosses: Huawei not hire 70% DE local-people