lecslab/glosslm-corpus-split huggingface dataset:
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-aku-rwaHr-í̲te
Glosses: SM1SG-NPST.IPFV-become_sick-STAT
Translation: I was sick.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-aku-sebez-a
Glosses: SM2-NPST.IPFV-work-FV
Translation: They were working.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-aku-tombwer-ang-a
Glosses: SM1SG-NPST.IPFV-weed-HAB-FV
Translation: Intended: ‘I used to weed.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-aku-rí kabú-end-a
Glosses: SM2-NPST.IPFV-be LOC.PL-work-FV
Translation: I was walking around.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ma-ínji ka-á̲-toHntor-á̲
Glosses: NP6-water PST.IPFV-SM6-be_cold-FV
Translation: The water was cold.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-bá̲-é̲nd-a na=ba-mbwá ba-a=bó
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM2-go-FV COM=NP2-dog PP2-CON=DEM.III2
Translation: She was walking with her dogs.’ (ZF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-há ka-bá̲-dama-dam-á̲ bu-ryaho
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I16 PST.IPFV-SM2-PL2-beat-FV NP14-like_that
Translation: When they were beating [the drum] like that…’ (ZF_Narr13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ndí̲-rwaHr-í̲te zyóna
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-become_sick-STAT yesterday
Translation: I was sick yesterday.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-zi-ryó ka-zí̲-ryoH-á̲
Glosses: AUG-NP8-food PST.IPFV-SM8-be_tasty-FV
Translation: Describing yesterday’s party: ‘The food was tasty.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: N-mu-ndaré ka-ndí̲-tw-á̲ shunu
Glosses: COP-NP3-maize PST.IPFV-SM1SG-pound-FV today
Translation: I was pounding maize today.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: N-mu-ndaré ka-ndí̲-tw-á̲ zyóna
Glosses: COP-NP3-maize PST.IPFV-SM1SG-pound-FV yesterday
Translation: I was pounding maize yesterday.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ha ka-ndí̲-teHk-á̲ ma-ínji ndi-ó=ku-sús-a e-ci-biya ci-angú
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I16 PST.IPFV-SM1SG-fetch-FV NP6-water SM1SG-CON=INF-drop-FV AUG-NP7-container PP7-POSS1SG
Translation: While I was fetching water, I dropped my container.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zyóna ka-ndi-shwen-é̲te
Glosses: yesterday PST.IPFV-SM1SG-become_tired-STAT
Translation: Yesterday, I was tired.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-á̲-riH-zoːr-á̲ng-a o-∅-ndavú ku-i-a kú-ku-cáːn-a
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1-REFL-turn-HAB-FV AUG-NP1a-lion INF-go-FV NP17-INF-hunt-FV
Translation: He used to turn himself into a lion to go hunting.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-shók-a ka-á̲-shoHk-á̲
Glosses: INF-rain PST.IPFV-SM1a-rain-FV
Translation: It has been raining.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ∅-ci-ntu cí̲-shakahar-á̲ e-cí ka-tú̲-kwesi tu-ambaur-á̲
Glosses: COP-NP7-thing SM7.REL-be_important-FV AUG-DEM.I7 PST.IPFV-SM1PL-PROG SM1PL-discuss-FV
Translation: It’s an important thing that we were discussing.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-á̲-shiH-ké̲ːzy-a mu-ru-shará ru-angú
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1-PER-come-FV NP18-NP11-back PP11-POSS1SG
Translation: He was still coming behind me.’ (ZF_Narr13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-tú̲-é̲nd-a no=zyú mu-énz-angú
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1PL-go-FV COM=DEM.I1 NP1-friend-POSS1SG
Translation: I was traveling with this friend of mine.’ (NF_Narr17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ndí̲-zyí̲mb-a
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-sing-FV
Translation: I used to sing/be a singer.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ndí̲-kabú-é̲nd-a
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-LOC.PL-walk-FV
Translation: I was walking around/walking in different places.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-zi-río ka-zí̲-ri zi-rótu
Glosses: AUG-NP8-food PST.IPFV-SM8-be NP8-good
Translation: The food was good.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-bá̲-ri ba-níni
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM2-be NP2-small
Translation: They were small.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-shók-a ka-á̲-shoHk-á̲
Glosses: INF-rain-FV PST.IPFV-SM1-rain-FV
Translation: It has been raining (but it’s not raining now).’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ndí̲-tombwer-á̲ng-a
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-weed-HAB-FV
Translation: I used to weed.’ (but not anymore) (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zyóna ka-ndi-shwen-é̲te shunu ta-ndi-shwen-ete-í̲
Glosses: yesterday PST.IPFV-SM1SG-become_tired-STAT today NEG-SM1SG-become_tired-STAT-NEG
Translation: Yesterday I was tired, today I’m not tired.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ndí̲-ba-zyiː
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1SG-OM2-get_to_know.STAT
Translation: I used to know them.’ (but they passed away) (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-á̲-nun-á̲ konó hanó shi-a-kabú-kat-a
Glosses: PST.IPFV-SM1-become_fat-FV but DEM.II16 INC-SM1-LOC.PL-become_thin-FV
Translation: She was getting fat, but now she’s getting thin again.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-berek-é
Glosses: SM1SG-work-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I should work.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndí̲-berek-é̲̲
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-work-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I will work.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-nd-áku-berek-a
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-SBJV.IPFV-work-FV
Translation: I will be working.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-áku-berek-a
Glosses: SM1SG-SBJV.IPFV-work-FV
Translation: I should be working.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndí̲-ciH-ku-toHró̲k-er-e
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-OM7-OM2SG-exlain-APPL-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I will explain it to you.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndí̲-toHrok-é̲
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-explain-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I will explain.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndí̲-ciH-toHrok-é̲
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-OM7-explain-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I will explain it.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mba-ndí̲-é̲nd-e
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-go-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I will go.’ (Zambian Fwe)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndí̲-é̲nd-e
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-go-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I will go.’ (Zambian and Namibian Fwe)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mba-ndí̲-rá̲ːr-e ma-sikú
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-sleep-PFV.SBJV NP6-evening
Translation: I will sleep tonight.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ba-bara mbo-bá̲-hur-é̲ shunu
Glosses: AUG-NP2-visitor NEAR.FUT-SM2-arrive-PFV.SBJV today
Translation: The visitors will arrive today.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mu-án-angú u-ó=mu-eri mbo-á̲-man-é̲ unó mu-áka
Glosses: NP1-child-POSS1SG PP1-CON=NP1-firstborn NEAR.FUT-SM1-finish-PFV.SBJV DEM.II3 NP3-year
Translation: My eldest child will finish school this year.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-ci-mbotwe ci-ó=ku-bá-ta-a iyé mbo-ndí̲-miH-tus-é̲
Glosses: AUG-NP7-frog PP7-CON=INF-OM2-say-FV that NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-OM2PL-help-PFV.SBJV
Translation: The frog told them, I will help you.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mwendi mbo-ndí̲-boHn-é̲ ne=rí ri-na-siá̲rir-ir-i
Glosses: maybe NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-see-PFV.SBJV COM=DEM.I5 SM5-PST-leave-APPL-NPST.PFV
Translation: Maybe I will see with the other one.’ (ZF_Narr14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndí̲-sebez-é̲ shúnu
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-work-PFV.SBJV today
Translation: I will work today.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndi-áku-berek-a e-∅-zyúba ne=∅-zyúba
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-SBJV.IPFV-work-FV AUG-NP5-day COM=NP5-day
Translation: I will work every day.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndi-áku-shamb-ang-a
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-SBJV.IPFV-wash-HAB-FV
Translation: I will wash regularly.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-inó N-súnda mbo-ndí̲-buːHk-á̲ng-e ka-éti
Glosses: AUG-DEM.II9 NP9-week NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-wake-HAB-PFV.SBJV ADV-eight
Translation: This week, I will wake up at eight.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ba-bara a-bó bá̲-hur-á̲ shunu
Glosses: AUG-NP2-visitor AUG-DEM.III2 SM2.REL-arrive-FV today
Translation: The visitors who will arrive today…’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ri ndí̲-ka-á̲mb-e
Glosses: NEG-be SM1SG.REL-DIST-speak-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I will not speak there.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zyóna na-ndí̲-na-mének-a
Glosses: tomorrow REM-SM1SG-REM.FUT-go_early-FV
Translation: Tomorrow I will go very early.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: na-ndí̲-na-óngoz-a
Glosses: REM-SM1SG-REM.FUT-shout-FV
Translation: I will shout.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: na-ndí̲-ra-cí-pang-a zyóna
Glosses: REM-SM1SG-REM.FUT-OM7-do-FV tomorrow
Translation: I will do it tomorrow.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-ára-end-a zyóna
Glosses: SM1SG-REM.FUT-go-FV tomorrow
Translation: I will go tomorrow.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-ára-tend-a
Glosses: SM1SG-REM.FUT-do-FV
Translation: I will do.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-ára-zyímb-a
Glosses: SM1SG-REM.FUT-sing-FV
Translation: I will sing.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mu-rá̲ːr-e tu-ára-zí-kandek-a zyóna
Glosses: SM2PL-sleep-PFV.SBJV SM1PL-REM.FUT-OM8-tell-FV tomorrow
Translation: Go to sleep, we’ll discuss it tomorrow.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-N-sundá i-ké̲ːzy-a na-ndí̲-na-i-a ku-ba-mate
Glosses: AUG-NP9-week SM9-come-FV REM-SM1SG-REM.FUT-go-FV NP17-NP2-Mate
Translation: Next week I will go to Mate.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: i-ára-dur-a cahá
Glosses: SM9-REM.FUT-be_expensive-FV very
Translation: It will be very expensive.’ (about a house that is currently being built) (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-tw-á̲ zyóna
Glosses: SM1SG-pound-FV tomorrow
Translation: I will pound tomorrow.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-ára-tw-á zyóna
Glosses: SM1SG-REM.FUT-pound-FV tomorrow
Translation: I will pound tomorrow.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-é̲nd-a zyóna
Glosses: SM1SG-go-FV tomorrow
Translation: I will go tomorrow.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-zyóna ndí̲-é̲nd-a
Glosses: COP-tomorrow SM1SG.REL-go-FV
Translation: It’s tomorrow that I will go.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-zyóna na-ndí̲-é̲nd-e
Glosses: COP-tomorrow REM-SM1SG.REL-go-PFV.SBJV
Translation: It’s tomorrow that I will go.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ri ne-ndí̲-ciH-pá̲ng-e zyóna
Glosses: NEG-be REM-SM1SG-OM7-do-PFV.SBJV tomorrow
Translation: I will not do it tomorrow.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-a-man-í̲ ku-í-dam-á e-N-jóka í-o=ku-fw-á
Glosses: SM1SG-PST-finish-NPST.PFV INF-OM9-beat-FV AUG-NP9-snake PP9-CON=INF-die-FV
Translation: I finished beating the snake, and it died.’ (ZF_Narr13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: na-ásham-i no=ku-káris-a ku-zyímb-a
Glosses: SM1.PST-open_mouth-NPST.PFV COM=INF-start-FV INF-sing-FV
Translation: She opens her mouth and starts to sing.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ha bá̲-ka-sú̲k-a=hó ba-ó=ka-end-a ka-hur-a kú-mu-nzi
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I16 SM2.REL-DIST-disembark-FV=LOC16 PP2-CON=INF.DIST-go-FV INF.DIST-arrive-FV NP17-NP3-village
Translation: When they climbed out of the canoe, then they walked and arrived home.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ni-ndí̲-a-zyáːk-a e-N-júo ndi-ó=ku-í-ǀap-a-ur-a
Glosses: REM-SM1-PST-build-FV AUG-NP9-house PP1SG-CON=INF-OM9-destroy-PL1-SEP.TR-FV
Translation: I built a house, then I took it apart again.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zyóna ka-ndí̲-end-ete mu-témwa ndí-o=ku-shótok-a ∅-zyóka
Glosses: yesterday PST.IPFV-SM1SG-go-STAT NP3-bush PP1SG-CON=INF-jump-FV NP5-snake
Translation: Yesterday I was on a walk in the bush, and I stepped on a snake.’ (ZF_Narr14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ha ka-ndí̲-shá̲mb-a ndi-ó=ku-bón-a o-∅-ngwena
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I16 PST.IPFV-SM1SG-swim-FV PP1SG-CON=INF-see-FV AUG-NP1a-crocodile
Translation: While I was swimming, I saw a crocodile.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-kéːzy-a ku-mu-shak-a ba-ó=ku-mu-tomen-a a-ó=ku-man-a ku-róbor-a no=kú-t-a íye a-hínd-e mu-kéntu u-akwé cwáre a-énd-e
Glosses: SM1-come-FV INF-OM1-propose-FV PP2-CON=INF-OM1-charge_dowry-FV PP1-CON=INF-finish-FV INF-pay_dowry-FV COM=INF-say-FV that SM1-take-PFV.SBJV NP1-woman PP1-POSS3SG then SM1-go-PFV.SBJV
Translation: He came to propose to her, then they charged him dowry, then he finished paying the dowry, then they said he can take his wife and go.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ka-róngo ka-ná̲-gw-i no=ku-fú-a
Glosses: AUG-NP12-pot SM12-PST-fall-NPST.PFV COM=INF-die-FV
Translation: The pot fell, and it broke.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-na-hí̲nd-i N-sánzu no=ku-bíːk-a ha-∅-ziku
Glosses: SM1SG-PST-take-NPST.PFV NP9-wood COM=INF-put-FV NP16-NP5-hearth
Translation: I took a piece of wood and put it on the fire.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ha ndí̲-iH-buHkum-á̲ buryaho ndi-ó=ku-í-dam-a no=ku-fú-a
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I16 SM1SG-OM5-throw-FV NP14-like_that PP1SG-CON=INF-OM9-hit-FV COM=INF-die-FV
Translation: When I threw it, I hit the snake and it [=the snake] died.’ (ZF_Narr13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-a-shónj-i o-∅-nyáti no=ku-fú-a
Glosses: SM1SG-PST-shoot-NPST.PFV AUG-NP1a-buffalo COM=INF-die-FV
Translation: Intended: ‘I shot a buffalo and it [not I] died.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-∅-mvúra a-kwesi a-shó̲k-a
Glosses: AUG-NP1a-rain SM1a-PROG SM1a-rain-FV
Translation: It is raining.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-kwesi ndi-riHkuk-á̲
Glosses: SM1SG-PROG SM1SG-have_hiccups-FV
Translation: I have the hiccups.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-kwesi ndi-ngoHngot-a=hó̲
Glosses: SM1SG-PROG SM1SG-knock-FV=LOC16
Translation: I am knocking on it.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-kwesi ndi-ngoHngot-a=kó̲
Glosses: SM1SG-PROG SM1SG-knock-FV=LOC17
Translation: I am knocking there.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-kwesi ba-raːHr-a=mó̲
Glosses: SM2-PROG SM2-sleep-FV=LOC18
Translation: S/he is sleeping in there
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-kwesi=kó̲ ndi-ngoHngot-a=kó̲
Glosses: SM1SG-PROG=LOC17 SM1SG-knock-FV=LOC17
Translation: I am knocking there (for a long time).
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-kwesi=kó̲ ba-hiHk-á̲
Glosses: SM2-PROG=LOC17 SM2-cook-FV
Translation: They are busy cooking.’ (stresses that they have already started)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-shiH-ní o-ku-man-a ndi-shiH-kwesi=kó̲ ndi-hiHk-á̲
Glosses: SM1SG-PER-be AUG-INF-finish-FV SM1SG-PER-PROG=LOC17 SM1SG-cook-FV
Translation: I have not yet finished, I am still cooking.’ (Answer to: ‘Did you finish cooking?’) (NF_Elic17
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-kwesi ndi-fwé̲b-a
Glosses: SM1SG-PROG SM1SG-smoke-FV
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-iná ndi-fwé̲b-a
Glosses: SM1SG-PROG SM1SG-smoke-FV
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-ina=hó̲ ndi-fwé̲b-a
Glosses: SM1SG-PROG=LOC16 SM1SG-smoke-FV
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: o-∅-mvúra a-kwesi a-shoHk-á̲
Glosses: AUG-NP1a-rain SM1-PROG SM1-fall-FV
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-∅-fóni i-o=zyú-mwi i-kwesi i-rir-á̲
Glosses: AUG-NP9-phone PP9-CON=PP1-other SM9-PROG SM9-cry-FV
Translation: Someone’s phone is ringing.’ (in a room, you hear a phone ringing) (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-kwesi ba-sep-ahar-á̲
Glosses: SM2-PROG SM2-trust-NEUT-FV
Translation: S/he is becoming important.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ci-kwesi ci-cen-á̲
Glosses: SM7-PROG SM7-become_clean-FV
Translation: It is becoming clean.’ (while you are washing it, you see it getting cleaner) (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ci-kwesi ci-ar-uk-á̲
Glosses: SM7-PROG SM7-close-SEP.INTR-FV
Translation: It keeps opening.’ (of a door that doesn’t close properly)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-kwesi ba-raːHr-a-mó̲
Glosses: SM2-PROG SM2-sleep-FV
Translation: S/he is sleeping in in there [for the duration of his/her stay].’ (of someone who is a temporary guest) (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-kwesi ba-fw-á̲
Glosses: SM2-PROG SM2-die-FV
Translation: They are dying.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ha ka-tú̲-kwesí̲ tu-kandek-á̲ e-zi-ntu no=ku-káris-a ku-kákan-a
Glosses: AUG-DEM16 PST.IPFV-SM1PL-PROG SM1PL-tell-FV AUG-NP8-thing COM=AUG-INF-start-FV INF-argue-FV
Translation: When we were discussing things, we started arguing.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-kwesi ba-fwé̲b-a mu-tómbwe
Glosses: SM2-PROG SM2-smoke-FV NP3-cigarette
Translation: S/he is smoking a cigarette.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-ásha-kabir-i mú-N-júo ku-iná o-zyo á̲-kwesi a-zwá̲t-a
Glosses: SM2SG-NEG.SBJV-enter-NEG NP18-NP9-house SM17-be_at AUG-DEM.III1 SM1.REL-PROG SM1-dress-FV
Translation: Don’t go in the house, there is someone getting dressed.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: shunu ku-sebez-a ndí̲-sebez-á̲
Glosses: today INF-work-FV SM1SG.REL-work-FV
Translation: Today I am working.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-shek-a bá̲-shek-á̲
Glosses: INF-laugh-FV SM2.REL-laugh-FV
Translation: They are laughing.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: N-ku-hóm-a á̲-hoHm-á̲
Glosses: COP-NP15-lie-FV SM1.REL-lie-FV
Translation: He’s lying.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: kó-ku-man-a ndí̲-man-á̲
Glosses: COP.DEF15-INF-finish-FV SM1SG.REL-finish-FV
Translation: I’ve just finished.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-paté̲h-ite (o-)ku-nyw-á e-∅-tiyi
Glosses: SM1SG-be_busy-STAT (AUG-)INF-drink AUG-NP9-tea
Translation: I’m busy drinking tea.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: N-ku-nyú-a ndí̲-nyw-á̲
Glosses: COP-INF-drink-FV SM1SG.REL-drink-FV
Translation: I am drinking.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ma-ira ndí̲-hib-á̲
Glosses: NP6-sorghum SM1SG.REL-steal-FV
Translation: the sorghum that I steal
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: N-ku-híb-a ndí̲-hib-á̲
Glosses: COP-INF-steal-FV SM1SG.REL-steal-FV
Translation: I am stealing.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-hond-a ndí̲-hó̲nd-a bu-hobe
Glosses: INF-cook-FV SM1SG.REL-cook-FV NP14-porridge
Translation: I am cooking porridge.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-end-a ndí̲-é̲nd-a mu-mu-témwa
Glosses: INF-walk-FV SM1SG.REL-walk-FV NP18-NP3-forest
Translation: I am walking through the forest.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-shók-a á̲-shó̲k-a o-∅-mvúra
Glosses: INF-fall-FV SM1.REL-fall-FV AUG-NP1a-rain
Translation: It is raining.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zwiná o-mu-ntu ku-kúr-a á̲-kuHr-á̲
Glosses: DEM.IV1 AUG-NP1-person INF-sweep-FV SM1.REL-sweep-FV
Translation: That person is sweeping.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-neng-a tú̲-kwesi tu-né̲ng-a
Glosses: INF-dance-FV SM1PL.REL-PROG SM1PL-dance-FV
Translation: We are dancing.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ku-kí-zik-ite ndí̲-kiH-zik-í̲te
Glosses: INF-REFL-hide-STAT SM1SG.REL-REFL-hide-STAT
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: N-mu-mu-témwa ndí̲-kiH-zik-í̲te
Glosses: COP-NP18-NP3-forest SM1SG­­.REL-REFL-hide-STAT
Translation: It’s in the forest that I’m hidden.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zyóna ku-sébez-a ka-ndi-sebez-á̲
Glosses: yesterday INF-work-FV PST.IPFV-SM1SG-work-FV
Translation: Yesterday, I was working.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-kéker-a ka-ndí̲-keHker-á̲ shunu
Glosses: INF-plough-FV PST.IPFV-SM1SG-plough-FV today
Translation: I was ploughing today.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-pot-a á̲-ka-pot-a ba-kwákwe mwa-namibia
Glosses: INF-visit-FV SM1-DIST-visit-FV NP2-relative NP18-Namibia
Translation: She’s visiting her relatives in Namibia.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-zyú mu-ánce ku-kú̲r-a á̲-kuHr-á̲
Glosses: DEM.I1 NP1-child INF-grow-FV SM1-grow-FV
Translation: The child is growing.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ba-ntu ku-berek-a bá̲-ka-berek-á̲ mwa-angora
Glosses: AUG-NP­2-person INF-work-FV SM2.REL-DIST-work-FV NP18-Angola
Translation: The people are working in Angola.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-ci-pupé cí-akó ku-zywizy-a cí̲-kwesi ci-zywí̲z-a
Glosses: AUG-NP7-container PP7-POSS2SG INF-leak-FV SM7.REL-PROG SM7-leak-FV
Translation: Your container is leaking!’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zywiná o-mu-ntu ku-nyú-a ka-a-nyu-á̲
Glosses: DEM.IV1 AUG-NP1-person INF-drink-FV PST.IPFV-SM1-drink-FV
Translation: That person has been drinking.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-shek-a ndí̲-aku-shek-a
Glosses: INF-laugh-FV SM1.REL-NPST.IPFV-laugh-FV
Translation: I was laughing.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-shúm-a na-mu-shúm-i konó ka-ná̲-fw-i
Glosses: INF-bite-FV SM1.PST-OM1-bite-NPST.PFV but NEG-SM1.PST-die-NPST.PFV
Translation: He bit him, but he didn’t die.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: shúnu a-ba-ánce ku-zan-a bá̲-zá̲n-e
Glosses: today AUG-NP2-child INF-play-FV SM2.REL-play-PFV.SBJV
Translation: Today the children will be playing.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-amb-a-ur-a tú̲-amb-a-ur-á̲ kwamana no=∅-mfúmu
Glosses: INF-talk-PL1-SEP.TR-FV SM1PL.REL-talk-PL1-SEP.TR-FV about COM=NP1a-chief
Translation: We are talking about the chief.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-rí-is-a á̲-riH-is-á̲ o-mu-cece
Glosses: INF-eat-CAUS-FV SM1.REL-eat-CAUS-FV AUG-NP1-child
Translation: She is feeding the child.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-zík-ite ndi-kiH-zik-í̲te
Glosses: INF-hide-STAT SM1SG.REL-REFL-hide-STAT
Translation: I am hiding.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-tw-ír-a ndí̲-mu-tw-í̲r-a
Glosses: INF-pound-APPL-FV SM1SG.REL-OM1-pound-APPL-FV
Translation: I am pounding for someone.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-N-tí ku-hór-a í̲-shiH-hoHr-á̲
Glosses: AUG-NP9-tea INF-cool-FV SM9.REL-PER-cool-FV
Translation: The tea is still cooling down.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-sebez-a ka-ndí̲-ka-sebez-á̲
Glosses: INF-work-FV PST.IPFV-SM1SG-DIST-work-FV
Translation: I worked there.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-shamb-á̲ng-a
Glosses: SM1SG-swim-HAB-FV
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-cí ci-ntu ka-ci-riH-iw-á̲ng-a
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I7 NP7-thing NEG-SM7-eat-PASS-HAB-FV
Translation: This thing, it is not eaten.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: tu-kiH-ŋoHr-er-á̲ng-a a-ma-ŋoró
Glosses: SM1PL-REFL-write-APPL-HAB-FV AUG-NP6-letter
Translation: We write each other letters.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-ú mu-shámu u-náku-ndi-sukur-is-ang-a
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I3 NP3-medicine SM3-HAB-OM1SG-become_dozy-CAUS-HAB-FV
Translation: This medicine makes me sleepy.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-∅-zyúba ne=∅-zyúba ka-á̲-i-ang-a kú-ru-wa
Glosses: AUG-NP5-day COM=AUG-NP5-day PST.IPFV-SM1-go-HAB-FV NP17-NP11-field
Translation: Every day, she went to the field.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mu-∅-zyúba ma-síkusíku ndi-nyw-á̲ng-a ma-samba
Glosses: NP18-NP5-day NP6-morning SM1SG-drink-HAB-FV NP6-tea
Translation: Every morning I drink tea.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ∅-ká-sikisi ndí̲-buːHk-á̲ng-a
Glosses: COP-ADV-six SM1SG.REL-wake-HAB-FV
Translation: It’s at six that I normally wake up.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: a-ba-mbwá ba-bboHz-á̲ng-a
Glosses: AUG-NP2-dog SM2-bark-HAB-FV
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-N-shukí zi-á=ba-nkarámba zi-tub-á̲ng-a
Glosses: AUG-NP10-hair PP10-CON=NP2-old_person SM2-be_white-HAB-FV
Translation: Old people’s hair is white.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-raper-á̲ng-e mú-∅-zyúba
Glosses: SM2SG-pray-HAB-PFV.SBJV NP18-NP5-day
Translation: You should pray every day.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: inú e-N-víki o-áku-mének-ang-a éwe
Glosses: DEM.II9 AUG-NP9-week SM2SG-SBJV.IPFV-wake_early-HAB-FV PERS2SG
Translation: This week, you should wake up early every day.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ndi-áku-berek-ang-a
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM1SG-SBJV.IPFV-work-HAB-FV
Translation: I will work every day.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-ntu ba-náku-rim-a o-mu-ndaré
Glosses: NP2-person SM2-HAB-farm-FV AUG-NP3-maize
Translation: People usually farm maize.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ná(ku)-ka-tongauk-a
Glosses: SM1-HAB-DIST-complain-FV
Translation: She always complains there.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: náku-rí-hind-a-u-ir-a zi-ntu zi-á=ba-ntu
Glosses: SM1.HAB-REFL-take-PL1-SEP-APPL-FV NP8-thing PP8-CON=NP2-person
Translation: S/he is always taking people’s things for him/herself.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zi-náku-tíiz-a
Glosses: SM8-HAB-be_dangerous-FV
Translation: They are dangerous.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ha-hená ndi-náku-búːk-ang-a iyé N-ma-shene N-ma-shene
Glosses: EMPH-DEM.IV16 SM1SG-HAB-wake-HAB-FV that COP-NP6­-worm COP-NP6-worm
Translation: Every time I wake up and say: there are worms, there are worms.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: tu-náku-ziH-boHn-á̲ng-a ka-ri N-bu-ryó tú̲-á̲mb-a konó ∅-zi-ntu tú̲-bweHne zi-tend-é̲here
Glosses: SM1PL-HAB-OM8-see-HAB-FV NEG-be COP-NP14-only SM1PL-speak-FV but COP-NP8-thing SM1PL.REL-see.STAT SM8-do-NEUT.STAT
Translation: We usually see these things, we’re not just talking, they’re things that we see happening.’ (ZF_Conv13)
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-fum-í̲te
Glosses: SM1SG-become_rich-STAT
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zi-bomb-é̲te
Glosses: SM8-become_wet-STAT
Translation: They are wet.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-kat-í̲te
Glosses: SM1SG-become_thin-STAT
Translation: I am thin.
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-sheHsh-é̲te
Glosses: SM1SG-marry-STAT
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-tiH-í̲te
Glosses: SM1SG-fear-STAT
Translation: I am afraid.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ci-tuHrú̲k-ite
Glosses: SM7-burst-STAT
Translation: It is burst.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-paté̲h-ete
Glosses: SM1SG-be_busy-STAT
Translation: I am busy.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ci-fwH-ite
Glosses: SM7-die-STAT
Translation: It has died.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-kere
Glosses: SM1SG-sit.STAT
Translation: I sit.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-tab-í̲te
Glosses: SM1SG-become_happy-STAT
Translation: I am happy.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-rind-í̲r-e
Glosses: SM1SG-wait-APPL-STAT
Translation: I am waiting.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ci-debé̲r-e
Glosses: SM7-dangle-STAT
Translation: It is dangling.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-suHmbé̲r-e
Glosses: SM1-become_pregnant-STAT
Translation: She is pregnant.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ci-zywir-e
Glosses: SM7-become_full-STAT
Translation: It is full.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-toHntwé̲r-e
Glosses: SM15-be_cold-STAT
Translation: It is quiet.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-sep-é̲her-e~ba-sep-á̲her-e
Glosses: SM2-promise-NEUT-STAT
Translation: S/he is trustworthy.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-bweHn-é̲her-e
Glosses: SM15-see-NEUT-STAT
Translation: It is visible.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-riH-gumb-á̲m-ite
Glosses: SM2-REFL-be_next_to-IMP.INTR-STAT
Translation: They are next to each other.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-rwaHr-í̲te
Glosses: SM1-become_sick-STAT
Translation: S/he is sick.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-kún-am-a
Glosses: INF-smoke-IMP.INTR-FV
Translation: to be put on a smoking shelve
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-zyán-am-a
Glosses: INF-spread-IMP.INTR-FV
Translation: to be spread out to dry
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zi-zyaHn-í̲
Glosses: SM8-spread-IMP.INTR.STAT
Translation: They (clothes) are spread out to dry.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: cì-nyóng-ám-ìtè
Glosses: SM7-bend-IMP.INTR-STAT
Translation: It is bent.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zi-kun-í̲k-itwa
Glosses: SM10-smoke-IMP.TR-STAT-PASS-FV
Translation: They are being smoked.’ (ie lying on the smoking shelve) (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ci-ar-í̲twa
Glosses: SM7-close-STAT.PASS
Translation: It is closed.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ha-N-shí ku-bomb-é̲te
Glosses: NP16-NP9-ground SM17-become_wet-STAT
Translation: The ground is wet.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-∅-potó a-zywir-é̲ bu-su
Glosses: AUG-NP1a-pot SM1-become_full-STAT NP14-flour
Translation: The pot is full of flour.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-bweHne
Glosses: SM1SG-see.STAT
Translation: I see.
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-shuH-í̲re
Glosses: SM1SG-hear-STAT
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zi-tiHiz-í̲te
Glosses: SM8-be_busy-STAT
Translation: Intended: ‘They are dangerous.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-zí zi-zwáto zi-cen-á̲
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I8 NP8-cloth SM8-be_clean-FV
Translation: Are these clothes clean?
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-zí zi-zwáto zi-cen-é̲te
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I8 NP8-cloth SM8-become_clean-STAT
Translation: Are these clothes clean?’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-rwá̲r-a
Glosses: SM1SG-be_sick-FV
Translation: I am sick/have an illness.
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-rwaHr-í̲te
Glosses: SM1SG-be_sick-STAT
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-zi zi-shamú zi-gor-é̲te wáwa
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I8 NP8-tree SM8-become_strong-STAT very
Translation: These trees are very strong.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-zí zi-ntu zi-kiH-koz-é̲te
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I8 SM8-thing SM8-REFL-resemble-STAT
Translation: These things are similar.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-á ma-yíː a-bor-é̲te
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I6 NP6-egg SM6-rot-STAT
Translation: These eggs, they’re rotten.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: cí-azo ci-ar-ú̲k-ite
Glosses: NP7-door SM7-close-SEP.INTR-STAT
Translation: The door is open.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: cí-azo ci-á-ar-uk-i kú-rúː-ho
Glosses: NP7-door SM7-PST-close-SEP.INTR-NPST.PFV NP17-NP11-wind
Translation: The door is opened by the wind.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-rwaHr-í̲te shúnu
Glosses: SM1SG-be_sick-STAT today
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ci-nyong-á̲m-ite
Glosses: SM7-bend-IMP.INTR-STAT
Translation: It is bent.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-zyú o-∅-mbwá a-fwH-ite
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I1 AUG-NP1a-dog SM1-die-STAT
Translation: This dog is dead.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-∅-zyóka ri-na-fw-í̲
Glosses: AUG-NP5-snake SM5-PST-die-NPST.PFV
Translation: The snake is dead.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-nywH-ite
Glosses: SM1-drink-STAT
Translation: S/he is drunk.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-zi-zwáto zi-bomb-é̲te e-zí zi-zyuHm-í̲te
Glosses: AUG-NP8-cloth SM8-become_wet-STAT AUG-DEM.I8 SM8-dry-STAT
Translation: These clothes are wet, these are dry.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ba-ánce ba-na-búːk-i
Glosses: AUG-NP2-child SM2-PST-wake-NPST.PFV
Translation: The children are awake (have woken up).
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ba-ánce ba-buːHk-í̲te
Glosses: AUG-NP2-child SM2-wake-STAT
Translation: The children are healthy.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-∅-rapá ri-ziHmbú̲ruk-ite N-júo
Glosses: AUG-NP5-courtyard SM5-surround-STAT NP9-house
Translation: The courtyard surrounds the house.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-bar-í̲te e-N-buká i-é=mi-raho
Glosses: SM1SG-read-STAT AUG-NP9-book PP9-CON=NP4-law
Translation: I’ve read a law book.’ (i.e., I know the law) (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-zan-í̲te
Glosses: SM1SG-dance-STAT
Translation: I am busy dancing.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zyóna ka-ndí̲-end-é̲te mu-mu-témwa
Glosses: yesterday PST.IPFV-SM1SG-go-STAT NP18-NP3-bush
Translation: Yesterday I was walking in the bush.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-iná o-zyu á̲-kaHrí̲h-ite
Glosses: SM17-be_at AUG-DEM.I1 SM1.REL-shout-STAT
Translation: There’s someone who is shouting.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mu-bezyi a-beːzy-é̲te
Glosses: NP1-carver SM1-carve-STAT
Translation: The carver is carving.’ *The carver has carved.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mu-bezyi a-beːzy-é̲te zi-ntu zi-ngíː
Glosses: NP1-carver SM1-carve-STAT NP8-thing PP8-many
Translation: The carver has carved many things.’ *The carver is carving many things. (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-shiH-rwaHr-í̲te
Glosses: SM2SG-PER-be_sick-STAT
Translation: Are you still sick?’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-shiH-baH-zyiːH
Glosses: SM1SG-PER-OM2-know.STAT
Translation: I still know them.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-zyú mu-kéntu ka-á̲-nun-í̲te kono hanó sha-na-kat-í̲
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I1 NP1-woman PST.IPFV-SM1-become_fat-STAT but DEM.II16 INC-SM1.PST-become_thin-NPST.PFV
Translation: This woman used to be fat, but now she’s thin.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ku-zw-a zyóna a-rwaHr-í̲te
Glosses: INF-come_out-FV yesterday SM1-become_sick-STAT
Translation: S/he has been sick since yesterday.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-n-tí i-shiH-hó̲r-a
Glosses: AUG-NP9-tea SM9-PER-cool-FV
Translation: The tea is still cooling down.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-aku-shí-berek-a
Glosses: SM1SG-NPST.IPFV-PER-work-FV
Translation: I was still working.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-shiH-ŋoHr-á̲
Glosses: SM1-PER-write-FV
Translation: He is still writing.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: ndi-shiH-buHtuk-á̲
Glosses: SM1SG-PER-run-FV
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-shiH-ka-zyambir-á̲ zi-ó-ku-ry-á
Glosses: SM1SG-PER-DIST-gather-FV PP8-CON-INF-eat­-FV
Translation: I still need to go and gather something to eat.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-a-shí-vurumat-i
Glosses: SM1-PST-PER-close_eyes-NPST.PFV
Translation: Intended: ‘My eyes are still closed.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-shiH-kwesi a-fwé̲b-a
Glosses: SM1-PER-PROG SM1-smoke-FV
Translation: He is still smoking.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ndí̲-shiH-kwaHng-ite-í̲
Glosses: NEG-SM1SG-PER-tired-STAT-NEG
Translation: I am no longer tired.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-bá ba-ntu ka-bá̲-shiH-kiH-zyiH-í̲
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I2 NP2-person NEG-SM2-PER-REFL-know.STAT-NEG
Translation: The people do not know each other anymore.’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ba-mbwá ta-bá-shiH-bboHz-í̲
Glosses: AUG-NP2-dog NEG-SM2-PER-bark-NEG
Translation: The dogs are no longer barking.’ (ZF_Narr14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-ndi-shiH-ní ku-shésh-iw-a
Glosses: NEG-SM1SG-PER-be INF-marry-PASS-FV
Translation: I am not yet married.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-tu-shiH-ní ku-rí-bon-a
Glosses: NEG-SM1PL-PER-be INF-REFL-marry-FV
Translation: We have not yet seen each other.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: shi-ri-ŋát-ur-a
Glosses: INC-SM5-tear-SEP.TR-FV
Translation: It [the sun] is starting to come up.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-∅-zyúba she-ri-min-á̲
Glosses: AUG-NP5-sun INC-SM5-set-FV
Translation: The sun is starting to set.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: sha-ndi-kwá̲ng-a
Glosses: INC-SM1SG-become_tired-FV
Translation: I am getting tired.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: sha-a-kwesi kwá-tutumá
Glosses: INC-SM1-have NP17-shiver
Translation: She started shivering.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-bó shi-ba-hiHk-á̲
Glosses: AUG-DEM.III2 INC-SM2-cook-FV
Translation: They start cooking.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: hanó ma-zyúba ndi-ri-á̲ nénja ka-o-bweHné̲ she-ndi-nun-á̲
Glosses: DEM.II6 NP6-day SM1SG-eat-FV well NEG-SM2SG-see.STAT INC-SM1SG-become_fat-FV
Translation: These days I’m eating well, don’t you see I’m starting to get fat?’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-∅-saká sha-ri-ŋatuk-á̲
Glosses: AUG-NP5-bag INC-SM5-break-FV
Translation: The bag is about to break.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: e-N-swí sha-i-fw-á̲
Glosses: AUG-NP9-fish INC-SM9-die-FV
Translation: The fish is about to die.’ (i.e., the fish is out of the water, flapping about, and clearly almost, but not quite, dead) (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ka-tu-amb-á̲-ur-i kakúri sha-ndi-nanuk-á̲
Glosses: NEG-SM1PL-talk-PL1-SEP.TR-NEG because INC-SM1SG-leave-FV
Translation: We cannot talk, I am about to leave.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: shi-ba-ka-zu-á̲ ha-njé ha-hanó
Glosses: INC-SM2-DIST-go_out-FV NP16-outside now
Translation: S/he is about to walk out right now.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: iná e-N-júo she-i-w-á̲ iná
Glosses: DEM.IV9 AUG-NP9-house INC-SM9-fall-FV DEM.IV9
Translation: That house is falling apart/about to fall apart (i.e. in a very bad state).’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mwá-ino e-N-nako shi-tú̲-haHr-á̲ mba-mú̲-wá̲n-e N-ma-foní sha-bá̲-berek-is-á̲
Glosses: NP18-DEM.II9 AUG-NP9-time INC-SM1PL.REL­-live-FV NEAR.FUT-SM2PL-find-PFV.SBJV COP-NP6-phone INC-SM2.REL-work-CAUS-FV
Translation: In this time that we now live in, you will find that they are now using phones.’ (ZF_Conv13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ma-síkusíku ka-ndí̲-shuH-ire N-jára hanó sha-ndi-kut-í̲te
Glosses: NP6-morning PST.IPFV-SM1SG-feel-STAT NP9-hunger DEM.II16 INC-SM1SG-become_full-STAT
Translation: This morning I was hungry, but now I am full.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: cwaré bu-ryená shi-bá-ná-zyib-i bá-mú-kwámé u-enú
Glosses: then NP14-like_that INC-SM2-PST-know-NPST.PFV NP2-NP1-man PP1-POSS2PL
Translation: Then as you see, your husband has now become aware.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: sha-ba-na-búːk-i
Glosses: INC-SM2-PST-wake-NPST.PFV
Translation: They are now awake.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-zyú mu-kéntu ka-a-nun-í̲te kono hanó sha-na-kat-í̲
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I1 NP1-woman PST.IPFV-SM1-become_fat-STAT but DEM.II16 INC-SM1.PST-become_thin-NPST.PFV
Translation: This woman used to be fat, but now she’s thin.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: shi-ri-á-min-i ∅-zyúba
Glosses: INC-SM5­-PST-set-NPST.PFV NP5-sun
Translation: The sun had already set.’ (ZF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: she-tu-a-táng-i karé ku-rí-a
Glosses: INC-SM1PL-PST-start-NPST.PFV already INF-eat-FV
Translation: They’ve already started to eat.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-esh-o sha-ba-na-hur-í̲
Glosses: NP2-father-POSS2SG INC-SM2-PST-arrive-NPST.PFV
Translation: Has your father arrived yet?’ (ZF_Elic13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: sha-ó-ru-mwí kare
Glosses: INC-AUG-NP11-heat already
Translation: It’s becoming summer.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: karé karé a-ba-cembere shí-o-ndavú
Glosses: now now AUG-NP2-old_woman INC-AUG-lion
Translation: The old woman immediately turned into a lion.’ (NF_Narr17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-mu-ndaré sí-o-mu-bízu
Glosses: AUG-NP3-maize INC-AUG-NP3-something_ripe
Translation: The maize is now ripe.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: sí-o-bu-huba cáha o-ka-hur-a=ko
Glosses: INC-AUG-NP14-easy very AUG-INF.DIST-arrive-FV=LOC17
Translation: It is now very easy to reach there.’ (discussing a place where cattle are watered; in earlier times, it could only be reached with ox carts and sledges, but now, the road is tarred and accessible to cars.) (NF_Narr17
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: shé-N-ma-síku karéː
Glosses: INC-COP-NP6-night already
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ha á̲-tó̲nd-a shé-ci-baka shi-ci-a-hít-i=ho
Glosses: AUG-DEM.I16 SM1SG.REL-watch-FV INC-NP7-place INC-SM7-PST-pass-PST=LOC16
Translation: When she looked, he had already covered a large place.’ (Lit: ‘a place had already passed.’) (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: shi-a-ri o-mu-ánce
Glosses: INC-SM1-be AUG-NP1-child
Translation: S/he is starting to be/is becoming a child.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: shí-o-mu-ánce
Glosses: INC-AUG-NP1-child
Translation: S/he is starting to be/becoming a child.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: she-ndi-rwá̲r-a
Glosses: INC-SM1SG-be_sick-FV
Translation: I am getting sick/I want to get sick.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-∅-rain shi-a-shak-á̲ o-ku-shók-a
Glosses: AUG-NP1a-rain INC-SM1-want-FV AUG-INF-fall-FV
Translation: The rain is about to fall.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: é̲nd-e
Glosses: go-PFV.SBJV
Translation: Go!
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: zw-é̲ hano
Glosses: come_out-PFV.SBJV DEM.II16
Translation: Get out of here!’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: huw-é̲ cáha
Glosses: shout-PFV.SBJV very
Translation: Shout loudly.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: kabir-é̲ mu-N-júo
Glosses: enter-PFV.SBJV NP18-NP9-house
Translation: Enter the house.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: fuHrumik-é̲ ka-súba ko
Glosses: turn_upside_down-PFV.SBJV NP12-dish DEM.III12
Translation: Turn that dish upside down.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: baH-tus-é̲
Glosses: OM2-help-PFV.SBJV
Translation: Help them.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-amb-í̲s-e
Glosses: OM1SG-talk-CAUS-PFV.SBJV
Translation: Talk to me.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: iwé tó̲nd-e kunó
Glosses: PERS2SG watch-PFV.SBJV DEM.II17
Translation: You! Look here!’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: toHntor-é̲
Glosses: be_quiet-PFV.SBJV
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-tuHmbus-é̲ mu-riro
Glosses: SM2SG-light-PFV.SBJV NP3-fire
Translation: You should light a fire.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mu-bí̲ːk-e o-tú-cenyá
Glosses: SM2PL-put-PFV.SBJV AUG-NP13-small
Translation: You should put a little bit.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: tu-mu-boó̲z-er-e e-ci-ntú cí-akwé
Glosses: SM1PL-OM1SG-return-APPL-SBJV AUG-NP7-thing PP7-POSS3SG
Translation: We should bring his thing back to him.’ (ZF_Conv13)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: tu-ziH-bbaHt-ú̲r-e e-zí zi-kúni
Glosses: SM­1PL-OM8-separate-SEP.TR-PFV.SBJV AUG-DEM.I8 NP8-tree
Translation: Can we separate these trees?’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-áku-ndi-tus-a
Glosses: SM2SG-SBJV.IPFV-OM1SG-help-FV
Translation: You should help me regularly/be helping me.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: tu-piHcuk-é̲ mu-riro tu-y-é̲ o-ko ú̲-ka-zw-í̲r-a
Glosses: SM1PL-escape-PFV.SBJV NP3-fire SM1PL-go-PFV.SBJV AUG-DEM.III17 SM3.REL-DIST-come_out-APPL-FV
Translation: We will dodge the fire, we will go to where it comes from.’ (NF_Narr17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: né=ye a-é̲nd-e né=ye
Glosses: COM=PERS3SG SM1-go-PFV.SBJV COM=PERS3SG
Translation: She too wanted to go with her.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-patam-é̲
Glosses: SM1SG-lie_on_stomach-PFV.SBJV
Translation: I want to lie down a bit.’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: nanga ba-ké̲ːzy-e ba-tuH-pang-é̲ ci-mwí
Glosses: even SM2-come-PFV.SBJV SM2-OM1PL-do-PFV.SBJV PP7-other
Translation: He might come and do something else to us.’ (NF_Narr15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-ásha-í-vukum-i nanga i-fw-é̲
Glosses: SM2SG-NEG.SBJV-OM9-throw-NEG even SM9-die-PFV.SBJV
Translation: Don’t throw it, it might break.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: a-ndi-zim-í̲sikiz-e ma-láiti nanga a-ndi-his-í̲kiz-e e-N-júo
Glosses: SM1-OM1SG-go_out-CAUS.APPL-PFV.SBJV NP6-light even SM6-OM1SG-CAUS-APPL-PFV.SBJV AUG-NP9-house
Translation: S/he must turn off the lights for me, they might burn down my house.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe ( translation)
Transcription: tu-raper-é̲
Glosses: SM1PL-pray-PFV.SBJV
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ndi-riH-koHsh-ó̲r-e=ko bu-ryó
Glosses: SM1SG-OM5-cut-SEP.TR-PFV.SBJV=LOC17 NP14-just
Translation: Let me just cut it.’ (ZF_Narr14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: o-ké̲ːzy-e o-ndi-tus-é̲
Glosses: SM2SG-come-PFV.SBJV SM2SG-OM1SG-help-PFV.SBJV
Translation: Come and help me.
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mu-toHntor-é̲ mu-é̲nd-e mu-ka-raːHr-é̲
Glosses: SM2PL-be_quiet-PFV.SBJV SM2PL-go-PFV.SBJV SM2PL-DIST-sleep-PFV.SBJV
Translation: Be quiet and go to sleep.’ (NF_Elic15)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ngá-o-ndi-tus-é̲ ku-ndi-kwát-ir-a e-cí ci-pupe
Glosses: can-SM2SG-OM1SG-help-PFV.SBJV INF-OM1SG-grab-APPL-FV AUG-DEM.I7 NP7-container
Translation: Can you please carry that container for me?’ (ZF_Elic14)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: ba-mu-berek-er-á̲ okuteye a-fum-é̲
Glosses: SM2-OM1-work-FV that SM1-become_rich-PFV.SBJV
Translation: They work for him, so that he becomes rich.’ (NF_Elic17)
Language: Fwe (English translation)
Transcription: mbo-ó̲-shake-shak-é̲ a-ka-sheréŋi o-pang-é̲ a-ka-business
Glosses: NEAR.FUT-SM2SG-PL2-find-PFV.SBJV AUG-NP12-money SM2SG-make-PFV.SBJV AUG-NP12-business
Translation: You will find a little money so that you make a small business.’ (ZF_Conv13)