lecslab/glosslm-corpus-split huggingface dataset:
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: espase ton paγo
Glosses: break.PAST.PERF.3SG the ice
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘(He/she) initiated social interchange’ (cf. the English idiom ‘break the ice’) ii. literal meaning: ‘(He/she) broke the ice
Language: Cypriot Greek (English translation)
Transcription: eftisen ʝema
Glosses: spit.PAST.PERF.3SG blood
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘(He/she) worked hard’ ii. literal meaning: ‘(He/she) spat blood
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: eftise ema
Glosses: spit.PAST.PERF.3SG blood
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘(He/she) worked hard’ ii. literal meaning: ‘(He/she) spat blood
Language: Cypriot Greek (English translation)
Transcription: eθoren pul:uθca
Glosses: see.PAST.IMP.3SG little birds
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘(He/she) was dizzy’ ii. literal meaning: ‘(He/she) was seeing little birds
Language: Cypriot Greek (English translation)
Transcription: iðen pul:uθca
Glosses: see.PAST.PERF.3SG little birds
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available (intended: ??‘(He/she) was dizzy’) ii. literal meaning: ‘(He/she) saw little birds
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Maria eskise ti γata se mia nixta
Glosses: the Mary tear.PAST.PERF.3SG the cat in one night
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘Mary imposed herself (in a night)’ ii. literal meaning: ‘Mary tore the cat apart (in a night)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Maria θa skisi ti γata
Glosses: the Mary FUT tear.PAST.PERF.3SG the cat
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘Mary will impose herself’ ii. literal meaning: ‘Mary will tear the cat apart
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Maria eskize ti γata
Glosses: the Mary tear.PAST.IMP.3SG the cat
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available9 (intended: ??‘Mary was imposing herself’) ii. literal meaning: ‘Mary was tearing the cat apart
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Maria θa skizi ti γata
Glosses: the Mary FUT tear.IMP.3SG the cat
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available (intended: ??‘Mary will be imposing herself’) ii. literal meaning: ‘Mary will be tearing the cat apart
Language: Cypriot Greek (English translation)
Transcription: o Petros eklotsisen ti sikla
Glosses: the Peter kick.PAST.PERF.3SG the bucket
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘Peter died’ ii. literal meaning: ‘Peter kicked the bucket
Language: Cypriot Greek (English translation)
Transcription: o Petros eklotsisen ti sikla *ʝa ðeka lepta
Glosses: the Peter kick.PAST.PERF.3SG the bucket for ten minutes
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available (intended: ‘Peter was dying for ten minutes’) ii. literal meaning: ‘Peter kicked the bucket *(for ten minutes)
Language: Cypriot Greek (English translation)
Transcription: o Finikas eklotsise ti sikla ʝa xilieties
Glosses: the Phoenix kick.PAST.PERF.3SG the bucket for millennia
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available ii. literal meaning: #‘Phoenix kicked the bucket for millennia
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: o Finikas tinakse ta petala ʝa xilieties
Glosses: the Phoenix toss.PAST.PERF.3SG the petals for millennia
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available ii. literal meaning: #‘Phoenix tossed the petals for millennia
Language: Cypriot Greek ( translation)
Transcription: o Finikas ekortosen nuro ʝa xilieties
Glosses: the Phoenix stretch.PAST.PERF.3SG tail for millennia
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: mu kopses ti xoli
Glosses: CL.GEN.1SG cut.PAST.PERF.2SG the gall bladder
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘You scared me’ ii. literal meaning: #‘You cut my gall bladder
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Eleni tu ekopse ti xoli se misi ora
Glosses: the Helen CL.GEN.3SG cut.PAST.PERF.3SG the gall bladder in half hour
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available (intended: *‘Helen scared him in half an hour’) ii. literal meaning: ‘Helen cut his gall bladder in half an hour
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: o xasapis ekopse ti xoli tu zou se misi ora
Glosses: the butcher cut.PAST.PERF.3SG the gall bladder the animal in half hour
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available ii. literal meaning: ‘The butcher cut the animal’s gall bladder in half an hour
Language: Cypriot Greek (English translation)
Transcription: o Nikos ekopse ena kuri se misi ora
Glosses: the Nick cut.PAST.PERF.3SG a piece of wood in half hour
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available (intended: *‘Nick took a nap in half an hour’) ii. literal meaning: ‘Nick cut a piece of wood in half an hour’11
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: o Nikos efaʝe xilopita ʝa pede lepta
Glosses: the Nick eat.PAST.PERF.3SG mush-pie for five minutes
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available (intended: *‘Nick got the mitten for five minutes’) ii. literal meaning: ‘Nick ate mush-pie for five minutes
Language: Cypriot Greek (English translation)
Transcription: ekofken ksila ʝa tris ores
Glosses: cut.PAST.IMP.3SG woods for three hours
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘(He/she) sawed logs for three hours’ ii. literal meaning: ‘(He/she) cut woods for three hours
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Anna eskise ti γata
Glosses: the Ann tear.PAST.PERF.3SG the cat
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘Ann imposed herself’ ii. literal meaning: ‘Ann tore the cat apart
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Anna eskise ti γata se mia nixta (otan padreftike)
Glosses: the Ann tear.PAST.PERF.3SG the cat in one night when get-married.PAST.PERF.3SG
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘Ann imposed herself over a night (when she got married)’ ii. literal meaning: ‘Ann tore the cat apart over a night (when she got married)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Anna sxeðon eskise ti γata xtes13
Glosses: the Ann almost tear.PAST.PERF.3SG the cat yesterday
Translation: idiomatic meaning: ‘Ann almost imposed herself yesterday
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Anna padreftice ce eskise ti γata poli γriγora
Glosses: the Ann get-married.PAST.PERF.3SG and tear.PAST.PERF.3SG the cat very quickly
Translation: idiomatic meaning: ‘Ann got married and she imposed herself very quickly
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: to eskasa mesa se ðeka lepta
Glosses: CL.ACC.NEUT.3SG burst.PAST.PERF.1SG inside in ten minutes
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘I escaped in ten minutes’ ii. literal meaning: ‘I burst it in ten minutes
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Anna sxeðon to eskase xtes
Glosses: the Ann almost CL.ACC.NEUT.3SG burst.PAST.PERF.3SG yesterday
Translation: idiomatic meaning: ‘Ann almost escaped yesterday
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: tin sinelavan ala γriγora to eskase
Glosses: CL.ACC.FEM.3SG arrest.PAST.3PL but quickly CL.ACC.NEUT.3SG burst.PAST.PERF.3SG
Translation: idiomatic meaning: ‘They arrested her but she escaped quickly
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Anna stamatise na to skai ce apofasise na ektisi tin pini tis
Glosses: the Ann stop.PAST.3SG SUBJ CL.ACC.NEUT.3SG burst.PRES.IMP.3SG and decide.PAST.3SG SUBJ serve.3SG the sentence POSS.GEN
Translation: idiomatic meaning: ‘Ann stopped escaping and decided to serve her sentence
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: to eskasa aθoriva
Glosses: CL.ACC.NEUT.3SG burst.PAST.PERF.1SG noiselessly
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: to eskase ʝa mia ora
Glosses: CL.ACC.NEUT.3SG burst.PAST.PERF.3SG for one hour
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘(He/she) escaped for one hour’ ii. literal meaning: ‘(He/she) burst it *for one hour’ (incompatible with the durative phrase)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Maria stamatise na vγazi γlosa otan katalave oti θa tin apelian
Glosses: the Mary stop.PAST.PERF.3SG SUBJ pull out.IMP.3SG tongue when understand.PAST.3SG that FUT CL.ACC.FEM.3SG fire.IMP.3PL
Translation: idiomatic meaning: ‘Mary stopped talking back when she realized that they would fire her
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Lina stamatise na ðagoni ti lamarina toso efkola
Glosses: the Lina stop.PAST.3SG SUBJ bite.PRES.PERF.3SG the tinplate so easily
Translation: Lina stopped falling in love so easily
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ine apo tus anθropus pu skizun ti γata amesos
Glosses: be.PRES.3SG from the people that tear.IMP.3PL the cat immediately
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: ‘(He/she) is from the people that impose themselves immediately’ ii. literal meaning: #‘(He/she) is from the people that tear the cat apart immediately
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: i Anna eskise oles tis γates
Glosses: the Ann tear.PAST.PERF.3SG all the cats
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available ii. literal meaning: ‘Ann tore all the cats apart
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ti γata eskise i Anna
Glosses: the cat tear.PAST.PERF.3SG the Ann
Translation: i. idiomatic meaning: Not available ii. literal meaning: ‘It is the cat that Ann tore apart
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: la manzana
Glosses: the.F.SG apple.F.SG
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: el libro
Glosses: the.M.SG book.M.SG
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: las manzanas
Glosses: the.F.PL apple.F.PL
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: los libros
Glosses: the.M.PL books.M.PL
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *El niño considera la noticia en las revistas terriblemente aburridas .
Glosses: the.M.SG boy consider.PRS.3SG the.F.SG news.item.F.SG in the.F.PL magazine.F.PL terribly boring.F.PL
Translation: Intended: ‘The boy considers the news item in the magazines to be terribly boring.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *El niño considera la noticia en los periódicos terriblemente aburridos .
Glosses: the.M.SG boy consider.PRS.3SG the.F.SG news.item.F.SG in the.M.PL magazine.M.PL terribly boring.M.PL
Translation: Intended: ‘The boy considers the news item in the magazines to be terribly boring.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: El niño considera el artículo en el periódico terriblemente aburrido pero le gustaba leer los libros de Harry Potter .
Glosses: the.M.SG boy.M.SG consider.PRS.3SG the.M.SG news.item.M.SG in the.M.SG newspaper.M.SG terribly boring.M.SG but DAT.CL.3SG like.IPFV.3SG read.INF the.M.PL book.M.PL of Harry Potter
Translation: The boy considers the article in the paper to be terribly boring but he liked reading Harry Potter books.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: El niño considera la noticia en la revista terriblemente aburrida pero le gustaba leer los libros de Harry Potter .
Glosses: the.M.SG boy.M.SG consider.PRS.3SG the.F.SG news.item.F.SG in the.F.SG newspaper.F.SG terribly boring.F.SG but DAT.CL.3SG like.IPFV.3SG read.INF the.M.PL book.M.PL of Harry Potter
Translation: The boy considers the article in the paper to be terribly boring but he liked reading Harry Potter books.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mamə ē potə kiyewwa .
Glosses: I.NOM that book read.A
Translation: I read that book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Mamə t kiyewwe ] [ ē potə(-y) ]
Glosses: [ I.NOM t read.E ] [ that book(-FOC) ]
Translation: It was that book that I read.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mamə ē potə(-y) kiyewwe .
Glosses: I.NOM that book(-FOC) read.E
Translation: It was that book that I read.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mama ema pota kiyevuvemi .
Glosses: I.NOM that book read.PAST.1SG
Translation: I read that book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Mā t kiyevuvē ] [ ema potə ] ya .
Glosses: [ I.ACC t read.PAST.3SG ] [ that book ] 3SG
Translation: It was that book that I read.
Language: Old Japanese (English translation)
Transcription: Tire-ba-koso itodo sakura-wa medeta-kere .
Glosses: fall-COND the.more cherry-TOP wonderful-6
Translation: It is because they fall that cherry blossoms are so fine.
Language: Old Japanese (English translation)
Transcription: Sisi husu-to tare ka kono koto oomae-ni maosu .
Glosses: beasts lie-QUOT who  this thing Emperor.DAT say.M
Translation: Who reported to the Emperor that beasts were lying?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kau də ē potə kieuwe ?
Glosses: who  that book read.PAST.E
Translation: Who bought that book?
Language: Old Japanese (English translation)
Transcription: Ima-fa ikani se-mo ?
Glosses: now-TOP how do-SUPP.ADN
Translation: What should we do now?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Taṭa karuṇe [ mahat lābha ] yæ .
Glosses: you.DAT do . [ great fortune ] 3SG
Translation: What has been done for you is a great fortune.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Ovun san̆dahā ] yæ mā dan denne .
Glosses: [ they.ACC for ] 3SG I.ACC alms give . 
Translation: It is for them that I am giving alms.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Mama ] yæ man̆ḍavā pīyemi .
Glosses: [ I.NOM.SG ] 3SG trample . 
Translation: It is I who trampled it.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: maga-yanno yati
Glosses: path-goers go
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ [ No bæṇæ ] visi mā gala ] kī ta .
Glosses: [ [ not speak.GER ] remain . I.GEN rock.LOC ] say . you.GEN
Translation: Without speaking, I resided on the rock.” Thus it has been said by you.’ (Lit. ‘“There was remaining of me on the rock without speaking.” There was saying by you (of this).’)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kit Saṁboyā bad sata-pada yi .
Glosses: K . S . compose.PAST.PTCP quatrain PRES.3SG
Translation: [This] is the quatrain composed by Kit Saṁboyā.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mana maya , biyi kæræ hæ puḷahasu vījanina , tatanu ya .
Glosses: mind my fear do.ABS her broad-smile spread.PAST.PTCP.INSTR, tremble.INT.PRES.PTCP.NOM.SG 
Translation: My mind, as her broad smile spreads, frightening me, is trembling exceedingly.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ho udahanne yi .
Glosses: she show-anger.PRES.PTCP.NOM.SG 
Translation: She is showing anger.’ (In context, ‘She will be enraged.’)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Me me deyahi senne hindinne yi .
Glosses: this this thing smile.PRES.PTCP.FEM.NOM.SG stay.PRES.PTCP.FEM.NOM.SG 
Translation: She remains there smiling at this and that.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hē gamaṭa ya-yi .
Glosses: he village.DAT go.PRES 
Translation: He goes to the village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Otomō gamaṭa giyā-ya .
Glosses: she village.DAT go.PAST.FEM 
Translation: She went to the village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ovuhu gamaṭa ya-ti .
Glosses: they village.DAT go.PRES 
Translation: They go to the village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mama gamaṭa ya-mi .
Glosses: I village.DAT go.PRES 
Translation: I go to the village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ovuhu goviyō-ya .
Glosses: they farmers.NOM 
Translation: They are farmers.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hetema goviyek-ya / goviyek-i .
Glosses: he.NOM farmer.INDEF.NOM / farmer.INDEF.NOM 
Translation: He is a farmer.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ma sova niva æ meseyi duduḷa-sela-aḍadarihi visi ya yaha-asaraṭa nu .
Glosses: my.GEN sorrow extinguish.ABS she.GEN this-manner fortress-rock-edge.LOC dwell .  happy-companionship.DATᶠᴼᶜ indeed
Translation: It is indeed for the sake of happy companionship that she, having extinguished my sorrow, dwelt in this manner at the edge of the fortress rock.’ (Lit. ‘Having extinguished my sorrow, there is her having dwelt in this manner at the edge of the fortress rock indeed for happy companionship.’)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Vayane ma sihigiriye taṭa an no piya da ā gaṇan ?
Glosses: play-music . I.GENᶠᴼᶜ Sihigiri.LOC you.DAT other not dear da come.PAST.3SG number
Translation: It is by me that music is played, to you at Sihigiri (lit. ‘There is playing of music by me to you at Sihigiri.’); but are not all others who have come (here) dear (to you)?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Miniha-ge pot livīmə/livillə ] hon̆də nǣ.
Glosses: [ man-GEN books write-GER ] good not
Translation: The man’s writing books is not good.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ [ Miniha pot liyənə ] ekə ] hon̆də nǣ.
Glosses: [ [ man-NOM books write.PRES.ADJ ] ekə ] good not
Translation: That the man writes books is not good.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Nēṟṟu iṅkē va-nt-atu Kumār-tāṉ.
Glosses: yesterday here come Kumar-EMPH
Translation: It was Kumar who came here yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kumār iṅkē va-nt-atu tappu .
Glosses: Kumar here come mistake
Translation: Kumar’s having come here was a mistake.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mā dan denne [ ovun san̆dahā ] yæ .
Glosses: I.ACC alms give . [ they.ACC for ] 3
Translation: It is for them that I am giving alms.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mā dan denne yæ [ ovun san̆dahā ] (nu).
Glosses: I.ACC alms give . 3SG [ they.ACC for ] (indeed)
Translation: (Lit.) ‘There exists a giving of alms by me for them (indeed).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mamə dānaya denne ovun san̆dahā (-y).
Glosses: I alms give.PRES.E them for (FOC)
Translation: It is for them I am giving alms.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mamə goviy-ek .
Glosses: I.NOM farmer.NOM-INDEF
Translation: I am a farmer.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ē mahattəya guruwərəy-ek .
Glosses: that gentleman.NOM teacher.NOM-INDEF
Translation: That gentleman is a teacher.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mama goviy-ek-mi .
Glosses: I.NOM farmer.NOM-INDEF 
Translation: I am a farmer.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hetema goviy-ek-ya/goviy-ek-i .
Glosses: he.NOM farmer.NOM-INDEF 
Translation: He is a farmer.’17
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mama goviy-ek vemi .
Glosses: I.NOM farmer.NOM-INDEF be . 
Translation: I am a farmer.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hetema goviy-ek veyi .
Glosses: he.NOM farmer.NOM-INDEF be . 
Translation: He is a farmer.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Utá _avidvā́n amúṁ lokáṁ prétya kaścaná gacchatī322 / ā́ho vidvā́n amúṁ lokáṁ prétya kaścit sámaśnutā3i /
Glosses:  one who does not know.NOM.SG yonder.ACC.SG world.ACC.SG depart.GER anyone go.PRES.3SG / āho one who knows.NOM.SG yonder.ACC.SG world.ACC.SG depart.GER anyone reach.PRES.3SG /
Translation: Does anyone who does not know, having died, go to yonder world, or does anyone who knows, having died, attain yonder world?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mitró dādhāra pr̥thivī́m utá dyā́m .
Glosses: contract.MSC.SG.NOM hold.PRES.3SG earth.SG.ACC  heaven.SG.ACC
Translation: Contract holds (together) earth and heaven.
Language: Classical Sanskrit (English translation)
Transcription: Kiṁ mama vadhopāyakramaḥ kubjasya vā_utāho anyasya vā kasyacit ?
Glosses: Q me.GEN murder-plot.NOM.SG hunchback.GEN or_ other.GEN or someone.GEN
Translation: Is it I, against whom the murder-plot is laid, or is it the hunchback or somebody else?
Language: Pali (English translation)
Transcription: Saccāni sutāni bahuni nānā udāhu te takkamanussaranti .
Glosses: truths heard many various udāhu they follow conjecture
Translation: Have they learned many various truths or do they follow conjecture?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Chitra potə gatta .
Glosses: Chitra book bought.A
Translation: Chitra bought the book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Chitra t gatte ] [ monəwa də ]?
Glosses: [ Chitra t bought.E ] [ what ]
Translation: What did Chitra buy?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Mā t kiyevuvē ] [ kumak da ]?
Glosses: [ I.ACC t read.PAST.E ] [ what ]
Translation: What did I read?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Chitra ē potə kieuwa də ?
Glosses: Chitra that book read-A 
Translation: Did Chitra read that book?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Chitra ē potə də kieuwe ?
Glosses: Chitra that book  read-E
Translation: Was it that book which Chitra read?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Gunəpālə də Chitra də gaməṭə giyē ?
Glosses: Gunapala  Chitra  village.DAT go.PAST.E
Translation: Was it Gunapala or Chitra who went to the village?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kau də ē potə kieuwa .
Glosses: who  that book read.PAST.A
Translation: Someone read that book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Gunəpālə hari Chitra hari gaməṭə giyā .
Glosses: Gunapala  Chitra  village.DAT go.PAST.A
Translation: Gunapala or Chitra went to the village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Rahul hō Amin hō gamaṭa giyāya .
Glosses: Rahul  Amin  village.DAT go.PAST.3SG
Translation: Rahul or Amin went to the village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kauru hari ē potə kieuwa .
Glosses: who  that book read.PAST.A
Translation: Someone read that book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kaluvarē kaurun hō mā ælluvēya .
Glosses: darkness-in who  I.ACC touch.PAST.MSC.3SG
Translation: Someone (unknown) touched me in the darkness.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Gunəpālə vat Chitra vat gaməṭə giyē nǣ.
Glosses: Gunapala  Chitra  village.DAT go.PAST.E′ NEG
Translation: Neither Gunapala nor Chitra went to the village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kauru vat ē potə kieuwe nǣ.
Glosses: who  that book read.PAST.E′ NEG
Translation: No-one read that book.
Language: Tamil (English translation)
Transcription: Kumār nēṟṟu iṅkē vantāṉ.
Glosses: Kumar yesterday here come.PAST.3SG.MSC
Translation: Kumar came here yesterday.
Language: Tamil (English translation)
Transcription: Kumār(-tāṉ) nēṟṟu iṅkē vantatu .
Glosses: Kumar(-) yesterday here come.PAST.NOM
Translation: It was Kumar who came here yesterday.
Language: Tamil (English translation)
Transcription: Nēṟṟu iṅkē vantatu Kumār(-tāṉ).
Glosses: yesterday here come.PAST.NOM Kumar(-)
Translation: It was Kumar who came here yesterday.
Language: Tamil (English translation)
Transcription: Kumār Maturaiyil-ā piṟantatu .
Glosses: Kumar Madurai.LOC-Q be-born.PAST.NOM
Translation: Was it in Madurai that Kumar was born?
Language: Tamil ( translation)
Transcription: Kumār nēṟṟu Rājā-v-ai aṭi-tt-āṉ-ā ?
Glosses: Kumar yesterday Raja.ACC beat.PAST.3SM
Language: Tamil (English translation)
Transcription: Yār nēṟṟu va-nt-āṉ?
Glosses: who yesterday come.PAST.3SM
Translation: Who came yesterday?
Language: Malayalam (English translation)
Transcription: Ārə āṇə [ niṉ-ṉe talle-(y)atə ]?
Glosses: who COPULA [ you.ACC beat . ]
Translation: Who was it that beat you?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kumār-ō Rājā-v-ō varu-v-ārkaḷ
Glosses: Kumar Raja come.FUT.3PL
Translation: Kumar or Raja will come.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Nēṟṟu yār-ō uṅkaḷ-ai-k kūppiṭ-ṭ-ā-ṉ
Glosses: yesterday who you(pl).ACC call.PST.3SM
Translation: Someone called you yesterday.
Language: Malayalam (English translation)
Transcription: John wannu-(w)ō?
Glosses: John came 
Translation: Did John come?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Entu-kil-ō rājya-ttiṉṉu want-a upadrawam ?
Glosses: what-be-̄ kingdom-DAT came-RELATIVISER trouble
Translation: What is the trouble that has come to the kingdom?
Language: Aka (English translation)
Transcription: Yāṉ eṉ cey-k-ō?
Glosses: I what do.NONPAST.1SG 
Translation: What shall I do?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Vēlaṉ … kēṇmai … aṟi .y-um-ō …?
Glosses: priest … friendship … know.NPST.3S …
Translation: Does the priest know friendship?
Language: Malayalam (English translation)
Transcription: Rāman-āṇə innale Krṣṇa-ṉṉə raṇṭə pustakam koṭutt-atə .
Glosses: Raman-be . yesterday Krishnan-to two book.ACC give.PAST.3SG.NEU
Translation: It was Raman that gave two books to Krishnan yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Vayane ma Sihigiriye taṭa an no piya da ā gaṇan ?
Glosses: play-music . I.GENᶠᴼᶜ Sihigiri.LOC you.DAT other not dear da come.PAST.3SG number
Translation: It is by me that music is played, to you at Sihigiri (Lit. ‘There is playing of music by me to you at Sihigiri.’); but are not all others who have come (here) dear (to you)?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Mamə t kiyewwe ] [ ē potə(-y) ].
Glosses: [ I.NOM t read.E ] [ that book(-FOC) ]
Translation: It was that book that I read.
Language: Udi (English translation)
Transcription: Azak’e xinär-ax gölöšp-i .
Glosses: I.saw girl-DAT dance-PAST.PTCP
Translation: I saw the dancing girl’ OR ‘I saw the girl who danced.
Language: Hindi (English translation)
Transcription: Uske-hī jūte mere kamre-meṁ paḍe the .
Glosses: his shoes my room-in lie.PAST.PTCP.MSC.PL be.PAST.MSC.PL
Translation: HIS shoes were lying in my room.
Language: Hindi (English translation)
Transcription: Uske jūte mere-hī kamre-meṁ paḍe the .
Glosses: his shoes my room-in lie.PAST.PTCP.MSC.PL be.PAST.MSC.PL
Translation: His shoes were lying in MY room.
Language: Hindi (English translation)
Transcription: *Uske-hī jūte mere-hī kamre-meṁ paḍe the .
Glosses: his shoes my room-in lie.PAST.PTCP.MSC.PL be.PAST.MSC.PL
Translation: HIS shoes were lying in MY room.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ovuhu goviy-ō ya .
Glosses: they.NOM farmer-NOM.PL 
Translation: They are farmers.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ Ovun san̆dahā ]ᶠ yæ mā dan denne .
Glosses: [ they.ACC?/GEN ? for ]ᶠ 3SG I.ACC alms give . 
Translation: It is for them that I am giving alms.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Diyavāṇa Sivala-Malun-ge Siri-devu gī
Glosses: Diyavana.GEN Sivala Mala.GEN-of the house of Siridevu.GEN song
Translation: The song of Siridevu of the house of Sivala Mala of Diyavana
Language: Malayalam (English translation)
Transcription: Niṉ-ṉe ārə talli ?
Glosses: you.ACC who beat.PAST
Translation: Who beat you?
Language: Malayalam ( translation)
Transcription: *Ārə niṉ-ṉe talli ?
Glosses: who you.ACC beat.PAST
Language: Malayalam ( translation)
Transcription: Ārə āṇə niṉ-ṉe talle-(y)atə ?
Glosses: who COPULA you.ACC beat.PAST-NOMINALISER
Language: Malayalam ( translation)
Transcription: Niṉ-ṉe ārə āṇə talle-(y)atə ?
Glosses: you.ACC who COPULA beat.PAST-NOMINALISER
Language: Malayalam ( translation)
Transcription: Talle-(y)atə niṉ-ṉe ārə āṇə ?
Glosses: you.ACC beat.PAST-NOMINALISER who COPULA
Language: Old Tamil (English translation)
Transcription: Nī kaṇ-ṭ-aṉ-ai .y-ō kaṇ-ṭ-ār kēṭ-ṭ-aṉ-ai .y-ō ?
Glosses: you see-PAST-EUPH-2SG see-PAST-3PL hear-PAST-EUPH-2S 
Translation: Did you see [it] or have you heard [it] from those who have seen [it]?
Language: Japanese (English translation)
Transcription: John wa hashitte i-masu ka ?
Glosses: John Top running be-PRS.3SG Q
Translation: Is John running?
Language: Japanese (English translation)
Transcription: John wa hashitte i-masen ka ?
Glosses: John Top running be-PRS.3SG.NEG Q
Translation: Isn’t John running?
Language: German (English translation)
Transcription: Ist Norbert auf Reisen ?
Glosses: be-PRS.3SG Norbert on travel
Translation: Is Norbert away on a travel?
Language: German (English translation)
Transcription: Ist Norbert nicht auf Reisen ?
Glosses: be-PRS.3SG Norbert not on travel
Translation: Is Norbert not away on a travel?
Language: Italian (English translation)
Transcription: Ma domani AL MARE andate ?
Glosses: but tomorrow to-the seaside go.PRS.2PL
Translation: Are you going to the seaside tomorrow?
Language: Italian (English translation)
Transcription: Gianni è venut-o alla cena sociale ?
Glosses: Gianni be-PRS.3SG come-M.SG to-the dinner social
Translation: Did Gianni come to the social dinner?
Language: Italian (English translation)
Transcription: Gianni non è venut-o alla cena sociale ?
Glosses: Gianni not be-PRS.3SG come-M.SG to-the dinner social
Translation: Did Gianni not come to the social dinner?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Non spruzzo le begonie con l’insetticida ?
Glosses: not spray-PRS.1SG the begonias with the-insecticide
Translation: Am I not to spray the begonias with insecticide?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Le BEGONIE non spruzzo con l’insetticida ?
Glosses: the begonias not spray-PRS.1SG with the-insecticide
Translation: (Is it) the BEGONIAS (that) am I not to spray with insecticide?
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Non spruzzo le BEGONIE con l’insetticida ?
Glosses: Not spray-PRS.1SG the begonias with the-insecticide
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass [der Vater] [dem Sohn] [das Buch] geschenkt hat .
Glosses: that the . father the . son the . book given has
Translation: …, that the father has given the son the book.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: dass [der Vater] [das Buch] [dem Sohn] geschenkt hat .
Glosses:  the .  the .  the .
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: dass [dem Sohn] [der Vater] [das Buch] geschenkt hat .
Glosses:  the .  the .  the .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ich glaube , dass der Vater dem Sohn ein Buch geschenkt hat .
Glosses: I think that the.NOM father the.DAT son a.ACC book given has
Translation: a. Case: nominative > dative > accusative b. Thematic roles: agent > recipient > theme c. Animacy: animate > animate > inanimate d. Definiteness: definite > definite > indefinite
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass man dem Erzieher den Bericht gebracht hat .
Glosses: that one.NOM the.DAT educator the.ACC report brought has
Translation: that someone brought the report to the educator.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: dass man den Bericht dem Erzieher gebracht hat .
Glosses: that one.NOM the.ACC report the.DAT educator brought has
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass dem Erzieher der Bericht gebracht wurde .
Glosses: that the.DAT educator the.NOM report brought was
Translation: that the report was brought to the educator.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass man dem Erzieher den Jungen gebracht hat .
Glosses: that one the.DAT educator the.ACC boy brought has
Translation: animate-recipient > animate-theme ‘that someone brought the boy to the educator.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ich glaube , dass den Bericht der Chef in seinem Büro gelesen hat .
Glosses: I believe that the.ACC report the.NOM boss in his office read has
Translation: I believe that the boss read the report in his office.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: daß der Verkäufer den Wein einem Kunden empfahl
Glosses: that the.NOM salesman the.ACC wine a.DAT costumer recommended
Translation: that the salesman recommended the wine to a costumer
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: ?daß der Verkäufer einem Kunden den Wein empfahl
Glosses: that the.NOM salesman a.DAT costumer the.ACC wine recommended
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass man dem Zeugen ein Foto gezeigt hat .
Glosses: that one.NOM the.DAT witness a.ACC picture shown has
Translation: that someone showed the witness a picture.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass man einem Zeugen das Foto gezeigt hat .
Glosses: that one.NOM a.DAT witness the.ACC picture shown has
Translation: that someone showed a witness the picture.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass der Spekulant den Winzer ruiniert hat .
Glosses: that the.NOM venturer the.ACC wine-grower ruined has
Translation: that the venturer ruined the wine grower.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass das Feuer den Winzer ruiniert hat .
Glosses: that the.NOM fire the.ACC wine-grower ruined has
Translation: that the fire ruined the wine grower.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass ein Spekulant den Winzer ruiniert hat .
Glosses: that a.NOM venturer the.ACC wine-grower ruined has
Translation: –definite +animate subject ‘that a venturer ruined the wine grower.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dass ein Feuer den Winzer ruiniert hat .
Glosses: that a.NOM fire the.ACC wine-grower ruined has
Translation: –definite –animate subject ‘that a fire ruined the wine grower.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: dass das/ein Geschenk den Vater getröstet hat .
Glosses: that the/a.NOM present the.ACC father comforted has .
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: dass den Vater das/ein Geschenk getröstet hat .
Glosses: that the.ACC father the/a.NOM present comforted has .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Man konnte noch nicht mit Sicherheit sagen , ob das Feuer oder der Rauch die Astronauten getötet hatte .
Glosses: one could yet not with certainty say whether the fire or the smoke the astronauts killed has
Translation: One couldn’t say with certainty yet whether the fire or the smoke had killed the astronauts.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ich glaube , dass die Musik den Lehrer fasziniert hat .
Glosses: I believe that the.NOM music the.ACC teacher fascinated has
Translation: I believe that the music fascinated the teacher.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ich glaube , dass den Lehrer die Musik fasziniert hat .
Glosses: I believe that the.ACC teacher the.NOM music fascinated has
Translation: I believe that the music fascinated the teacher.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: apogg-il pes-ar-a
Glosses: skipper-DET say-PST1-PRED
Translation: The skipper said.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: apogg-il-lon pes-s-n-a
Glosses: skipper-DET-TOP say-PST2-2/3SG-PRED
Translation: The skipper said.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: till-a an-na on tēukder-t-a an-na-sin tad-dō-lo teeil doud-d-r-e
Glosses: God-PRED 1SG-GEN and help-NMLZ-PRED 1SG-GEN-EMP 3SG-SUP-FOC hope exist-INTEN-PRS-1SG.PRED
Translation: My God and my helper, in him I will hope.’ (Ps. 90:2)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: eik-k-on [ ei-a tid-d-r-e]-sin [ pro ŋokkor ai-dō auou-tak-o-k-ka t t ]
Glosses: 2SG-ACC-TOP  say-PRED give.2/3-INTEN-PRS-1SG.PRED-EMP  miracle 1SG-SUP do-PASS-PST1-DET-ACC 
Translation: And I will tell you of the miracle that happened to me.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: teeir-men-a-sō [ okkdirt-in-gou-ka t ] on sourt-in-gou-k-ende-eion eik-ij-men-na-sō [ t t ]
Glosses: hope-NEG-PRED-COMM  injustice.NMLZ-PL-PL-ACC  and grasping-PL-PL-ACC-CONJ-TOP be.near-PLACT-NEG-IMP.2/3PL.PRED-COMM 
Translation: Do not hope for injustices nor be eager for graspings.’ (Ps. 61:11)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: kipt-a miššan-non kaskase-l-dō [ t timm-is-an-a ]
Glosses: people-PRED all-TOP baptistery-DET-SUP  assemble-PST2-3PL-PRED 
Translation: All the people assembled in the baptistery.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: apogg-il-lon [ t pes-s-n-a ]
Glosses: skipper-DET-TOP   say-PST2-2/3SG-PRED 
Translation: And the skipper said.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: kipt-a miššan-non kaskase-l-dō [ t timm-is-an-a]
Glosses: people-PRED all-TOP baptistery-DET-SUP   assemble-PST2-3PL-PRED
Translation: All the people assembled in the baptistery.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: eiñittou ŋoukt-lō [ pro diei-k-on ko-a-lo en-o-n-a ] seu-att-k-on [ pro t kon-men-n-a-lō ]
Glosses: wealth.NMLZ glory.NMLZ-LOC  be.many-ACC-TOP have-PRED-FOC be-PST1-2/3SG-PRED  inherit-NMLZ-ACC-TOP    have-NEG-PRS.2/3SG-PRED-FOC 
Translation: In wealth and glory she possessed much, but an heir she did not have.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: aou-k-kon man dipp-in gad-dō [ pro t ken-oos-s-an-a ]
Glosses: ship-ACC-TOP DEM.DIST village-GEN shore-SUP    place-ASP-PST2-3PL-PRED 
Translation: And they beached the ship on the shore of that village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: koumpou [ ein tan-na kip-s]-il doumal doutrap añ-r-aŋ-a
Glosses: egg  DEM.PROX 3SG-GEN eat-PST2-DET suddenly fowl live-DET-INCH-PRED
Translation: this egg that he had eaten suddenly coming to life as a fowl
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: el-on mustērou [ pro eik-ka egid-r-ou]-ka ou-ka pill-igr-a deñ-j-e-so
Glosses: now-TOP mystery   2SG-ACC ask-PRS-1/2PL-ACC 1PL.EXCL-ACC shine-CAUS-PRED give.1-PLACT-IMP.2/3SG.PRED-COMM
Translation: And now reveal to us the mystery which we ask you.
Language: Zapotec (English translation)
Transcription: Ù-dàw réé=bííny gèhèht
Glosses: COMPL-eat PL-person tortilla
Translation: The people ate tortillas.
Language: Zapotec (English translation)
Transcription: Ù-dàw=réhby gèhèht
Glosses: COMPL-eat-3PL tortilla
Translation: They ate tortillas.
Language: Zapotec (English translation)
Transcription: *Ù-dàw=réhby réé=bííny gèhèht
Glosses: COMPL-eat-3PL PL-person tortilla
Translation: The people ate tortillas.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Ursus discorra rumantsch stupent
Glosses: Ursus speak.3SG Rumantsch excellently
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Rumantsch discorra=’l stupent
Glosses: Rumantsch speak.3SG-3SG.M excellently
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Rumantsch discorra=’l Ursus stupent
Glosses: Rumantsch speak.3SG-3SG.M Ursus excellently
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Ursus iscorra=’l rumantsch stupent
Glosses: Ursus speak.3SG-3SG.M Rumantsch excellently
Translation: [intended] Ursus speaks Rumantsch very well.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: sorto-l-lon doumm-ij-a ted-dō silel-a tad-de tan ogj-il-de tan ŋad-de tan medjou-ni-gou-l-dekek-ka pist-ar-is-n-a
Glosses: priest-DET-TOP take-PLACT-PRED 3PL-SUP pray-PRED 3SG-CONJ 3SG.GEN husband-DET-CONJ 3SG.GEN son.DET-CONJ 3SG.GEN servant-PL-PL-DET-CONJ-ACC splash-TR-PST2-2/3SG-PRED
Translation: And the priest took them, prayed for them, and baptized her, her husband, her son, and her servants.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ouel-lon pes-imm-a mijirk-il di-a-r-ka-lo ŋek-n-a-a
Glosses: one-TOP say-AFF.PRS.3SG-PRED disobedience-DET die-PST1-DET-ACC-FOC produce-PRS.2/3SG-PRED-QUOT
Translation: And again he says: “Disobedience produces death.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: is-lo pi-n-a ioudaios-gou-n ourouou ounn-outak-o-l
Glosses: WH-LOC exist-PRS.2/3SG-PRED Jew-PL-GEN king bear-PASS-PST1-DET
Translation: Where is the born king of the Jews?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: kuriake-n oukour ein-in-non apogg-il dipp-id-dō ked-a ki-s-n-a
Glosses: Sunday-GEN day be-PRS.2/3SG-TOP sailor-DET village-DET-SUP ascend-PRED come-PST2-2/3SG-PRED
Translation: And as it was Sunday, the sailor went up to the village.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: elon-de-eion dekk-igir-men-d-r-e-lo ŋeeiou ein oun-na ai-ka ekid-r-ou-k
Glosses: now-CONJ-TOP conceal-CAUS-NEG-INTEN-PRS-1SG.PRED-FOC thing DEM.PROX 2PL-GEN 1SG-ACC ask-PRS-1/2PL-ACC
Translation: And now I will not conceal the thing that you asked me.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ŋaei-a ou-k ok-ij-ar-r-e tikan-e-goue-ma s-en-a menennon koros-e-goue-ma
Glosses: who-PRED 2PL-ACC call-PLACT-INTEN-PRS-1SG.PRED sheep-PL.PRED-PL.PRED-AFF WH-PRS.2/3SG-PRED and.not shepherd-PL.PRED-PL.PRED-AFF
Translation: What shall I call you, are you sheep and not shepherds?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ale-sin oun-r-e en-en-non khristianos-aŋ-ad-imm-e
Glosses: true-EMP bear-PRS-1SG.PRED be-PRS.2/3SG-TOP Christian-INCH-INTEN-AFF.PRS-1SG.PRED
Translation: And if it be that I give birth, I will become a Christian.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ai-a-gil-le pis-eil di-en-ketal añ-ad-imm-a
Glosses: 1SG-DAT-DIR-INT believe-DET die-PRS.2/3SG-also live-INTEN-AFF.PRS.3SG-PRED
Translation: Even if someone who believes in me dies, he will live.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ale-sin pisteu-en till-in ŋok-ka ŋad-d-r-a-lē-a
Glosses: true-EMP believe-PRS.2/3SG God-GEN glory-ACC see-INTEN-PRS-PRED-AFF.2SG-QUOT
Translation: If you believe, you will see the glory of God.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ouk-ketal en-et-a-lke ourouei-n oei-n tri-ka jeloue-j-ka
Glosses: 2PL-also take-COMPL-PRED-AFF.2PL each.other-GEN foot-GEN pair-ACC wash-PLACT-ACC
Translation: You also take up washing each other’s feet.
Language: Tacahua-Yolotepec Mixtec (English translation)
Transcription: ñãʔã wã́ã xĩ́nũ
Glosses: woman the run
Translation: The woman is the one who is running.
Language: Tacahua-Yolotepec Mixtec (English translation)
Transcription: ñãʔã wã́ã xĩ́nũ=ñá
Glosses: woman the run=3F
Translation: The woman is running.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: joun-jour-t-lo sal-lō dou-ar-a sal-l-on till-ila-lo dou-o-n-a
Glosses: go∼INT-NMLZ-LOC word-FOC exist-PST1-PRED word-DET-TOP God-DAT-FOC exist-PST1-2/3SG-PRED
Translation: In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God.’ (Jn 1:1)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [ eittou ouel-lo dippou ouel-la dou-ar-a ] alezandre-n šik-gou-la
Glosses:  woman one-FOC village one-DAT exist-PST1-PRED  Alexandria-GEN district-place-DAT
Translation: A woman lived in a village, in the district of Alexandria.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: man dipp-ila-eion [ parthenosou ŋissou maria-n kisse-l-lo t ŋonj-ar-a ]
Glosses: DEM.DIST village-DAT-TOP  virgin holy Mary-GEN church-DET-FOC  stand-PST1-PRED 
Translation: In that village stood the church of the Holy Virgin Mary.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: mn-a oulg-r-imen-a-ke par-tak-o-k-ka
Glosses: WH-PRED ear-TR-NEG-PRED-2PL write-PASS-PST1-DET-ACC
Translation: Don’t you hear what is written?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: tan aeil-la pes-en iereos-ilo-tjō kim-mis-s-o-m ŋei-mis-s-o-ma
Glosses: 3SG.GEN heart-DAT say-PRS.2/3SG priest-LOC-with eat-NEG-PST2-1/2PL.PRED-AFF drink-NEG-PST2-1/2PL.PRED-AFF
Translation: If he says in his heart that we did not eat or drink together with the priest.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: till-il-lō ed-dal pel-a doull-aŋ-ar-r-a
Glosses: God-DET-FOC 1PL.EXCL-COM come.out-PRED exist-INCH-INTEN-PRS-PRED
Translation: God will be with us.
Language: Nobiin (English translation)
Transcription: tan-gii-n as-ka fa-ed-i
Glosses: his-uncle-GEN daughter-ACC FUT-marry-PRS.3SG
Translation: He will marry his uncle’s daughter.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: asalgi bi-juu-r-i
Glosses: tomorrow FUT-go-NEUT-1SG
Translation: I will go tomorrow.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ak-oup-ar-r-a-sin kipt-ougou-ka ou-gil-le
Glosses: sit-fall-TR-PRS-PRED-EMP people-PL-ACC 1PL.EXCL-DIR-INT
Translation: He is overturning peoples for us.
Language: Nobiin (English translation)
Transcription: aademi-ri tan-dooro aag-jigg-inani
Glosses: people-PL he-about HAB-laugh-PRS.3PL
Translation: The people are laughing about him.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: iskarti-cci saay-g a-nii-r-a
Glosses: guest-PL tea-ACC PROG-drink-NEUT-3PL
Translation: The guests are drinking tea.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: dauti matar-aŋ-a pes-en kellō till-il amiskad-a ale-katt-a tōek-katt-a alesk-att-a tan ŋakter-k-on oukou-n dourtal-lō os-a der-r-a min-n-a-lō
Glosses: David witness-INCH-PRED say-PRS.2/3SG as God-DET judge-PRED true-ADJ-PRED power-ADJ-PRED be.patient-ADJ-PRED 3SG.GEN anger-ACC-TOP day-GEN each-LOC take.out-PRED apply-NEUT-PRED not.be-PRS.2/3SG-PRED-FOC
Translation: As David, bearing witness, says, God is a judge, truthful, powerful, patient. And he does not apply his anger each day.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: mar-att-ooɖa elai
Glosses: tree-OBL-SOC leaf
Translation: the leaf of the tree
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: mar-att-Ø elai
Glosses: tree-OBL.STEM-GEN leaf
Translation: the leaf of the tree
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: *mar-am-Ø elai
Glosses: tree-NOM.STEM-GEN leaf
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: hest -i -n -um
Glosses: horse DAT DEF DAT.SG.M
Translation: to the horse
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Chitra [ee potə] tamay kieuwe .
Glosses: Chitra that book FOC read.E
Translation: It was that book that Chitra read.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ranjit [Chitra ee potə tamay kieuwe kiyəla] dannəwa .
Glosses: Ranjit Chitra that book FOC read.E that know.A
Translation: Ranjit knows that it was that book that Chitra read.’ (Embedded scope)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ranjit [Chitra ee potə tamay kieuwa kiyəla] danne .
Glosses: Ranjit Chitra that book FOC read.A that know.E
Translation: It is that book that Ranjit knows that Chitra read.’ (Matrix scope)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [Ranjit ee potə kieuwa] tamay .
Glosses: Ranjit that book read.A FOC
Translation: It was only that Ranjit read that book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ranjit [monə potə] də kieuwe ?
Glosses: Ranjit what book Q read.E
Translation: What book did Ranjit read?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *[Ranjit monə potə kieuwa] də ?
Glosses: Ranjit what book read.A Q
Translation: What book did Ranjit read?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ranjit [kau də aawe kiyəla] dannəwa .4
Glosses: Ranjit who Q came.E that know.A
Translation: Ranjit knows who came.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ranjit [kauru aawa də kiyəla] dannəwa .
Glosses: Ranjit who came.A Q that know.A
Translation: Ranjit knows who came.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ranjit [ee potə] də kieuwe ?
Glosses: Ranjit that book Q read.E
Translation: Was it that book that Ranjit read?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [Ranjit ee potə kieuwa] də ?
Glosses: Ranjit that book read.A Q
Translation: Did Ranjit read that book?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ranjit [Chitra monəwa də gatte kiyəla] dannəwa .
Glosses: Ranjit Chitra what Q bought.E that know.A
Translation: Ranjit knows what Chitra bought.’ (Embedded scope)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ranjit [Chitra monəwa də gatta kiyəla] danne ?
Glosses: Ranjit Chitra what Q bought.A that know.E
Translation: What does Ranjit know Chitra bought?’ (Matrix scope)