lecslab/glosslm-corpus-split huggingface dataset:
Language: Vata (English translation)
Transcription: ɲOkpa^3 .3 touri^1 .1 .3 ji3 lEtrI^3 .2 kOpa^3 .23 na3
Glosses: who Touri.NAME will letter send Q
Translation: To whom will Touri send a letter?
Language: Vata (English translation)
Transcription: bEba^2 .2 touri^1 .1 .3 ji3 aci^2 .2 kOpa^3 .23 na3
Glosses: what Touri.NAME will Djatchi.NAME send Q
Translation: What will Touri send to Djatchi?
Language: Daloa Bété (English translation)
Transcription: alO^1 .4 O1 le2 saka^3 .4 la1
Glosses: who he eat rice WH
Translation: Who eats rice?
Language: Gbadi (English translation)
Transcription: saka^3 .3 la2 li-li-je^2 .2 .1
Glosses: rice GEN eat-eat-NOM
Translation: Rice-eating
Language: Gbadi (English translation)
Transcription: saka^3 .3 la2 pi-li^3 .1
Glosses: rice GEN cook-NOM
Translation: Rice-preparing
Language: Gbadi (English translation)
Transcription: saka^3 .4 la2 pi-li^2 .1
Glosses: rice GEN cook-NOM
Translation: Rice-preparing
Language: Daloa Bété (English translation)
Transcription: li-li-je^2 .2 .1
Glosses: eat-eat-NOM
Translation: Eating
Language: Tiefo-Daramandugu (English translation)
Transcription: wà wūʕú jōb-á
Glosses: DEF hut black
Translation: the black house
Language: Tiefo-Daramandugu (English translation)
Transcription: ò dɔ̀ɛ̀ jób-ō
Glosses: DEF man black
Translation: the black man
Language: Tiefo-Daramandugu (English translation)
Transcription: à wūʕú sã̄ɡbānāʔà
Glosses: DEF hut big
Translation: the big house
Language: Tiefo-Daramandugu (English translation)
Transcription: ò dɔ̀ɛ̀ sã̄gbānāʔà
Glosses: DEF man big
Translation: the big man
Language: Tiefo-Daramandugu (English translation)
Transcription: ɲí wɔʕɔ̀ bè kṹ
Glosses: 1SG.IPFV PROG come today
Translation: I am coming today.
Language: Tiefo-Daramandugu (English translation)
Transcription: n bàʔ jànā
Glosses: 1SG come yesterday
Translation: I came yesterday.
Language: Tiefo-Daramandugu (English translation)
Transcription: é wɔʕɔ̀ bè kṹ
Glosses: 1PL PROG come today
Translation: We are coming today.
Language: Tiefo-Daramandugu (English translation)
Transcription: é bàʔ jànā
Glosses: 1PL come yesterday
Translation: We came yesterday.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Bo tsutsu-hi ngɛ daka a mi .
Glosses: cloth red-PL are box DEF in
Translation: There are red cloths in the box.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Mangoo mumu ɔ-mɛ sa .
Glosses: mango fresh DEF-PL rotten . 
Translation: The fresh mangoes are rotten.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Duku futa a-mɛ sɛ_mu .
Glosses: scarf white DEF-PL dirty . 
Translation: The white scarves are dirty.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wo-ji he-i lɛ dara .
Glosses: book-PL new-PL DEF big.ITER
Translation: The new books are big.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Atade-i fɛɛfɛ-ji lɛ elaaje .
Glosses: dress-PL beautiful-PL DEF lost
Translation: The beautiful dresses are lost.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Tse-i kakada-ji lɛ kumɔ .
Glosses: tree-PL long-PL DEF broke.ITER
Translation: The tall trees broke.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: E-he shikpɔŋ lɛkɛtɛɛ .
Glosses: 3SG-buy land wide
Translation: He/she bought a wide land.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: E-he shikpɔ-ji lɛkɛtɛ∼lɛkɛtɛɛ .
Glosses: 3SG-buy land-PL wide∼RED
Translation: He/she bought wide lands.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: E jua blodo daka .
Glosses: 3SG sell.AOR bread box
Translation: He/she sold a box full of bread.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: E juaa blodo daka∼daka .
Glosses: 3SG sell.AOR bread box∼RED
Translation: He/she sold boxes of bread.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Gbekɛ bibioo lɛ e-wↄ .
Glosses: child small DEF PERF-sleep
Translation: The little child is asleep.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Gbekɛbii bibii∼bibii lɛ e-wↄ .
Glosses: child-PL small∼very DEF .PERF-sleep
Translation: The little children are asleep.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Tade yumu ɔ gba .
Glosses: dress black DEF tear.AOR
Translation: The black dress is torn.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Tade yumu∼yumu ɔ ngɛ tsu ↄ mi
Glosses: dress black∼very DEF is room DEF inside
Translation: The very black dress is in the room.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Womi he ↄ ka .
Glosses: book new DEF be.long
Translation: The new book is long.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Bɔɔlu momo ɔ pɛ .
Glosses: ball old DEF burst
Translation: The old ball is burst.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Kɔɔpoo agbo ɔ hyi .
Glosses: cup big DEF be.full
Translation: The big cup is full.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: E juaa blodo bɔdɔɔ .
Glosses: he/she sell.HAB bread soft
Translation: He/she sells soft bread.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Atade momo lɛ e-tsere .
Glosses: dress old DEF 3SG-tear
Translation: The old dresses are torn.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Blodo bɔdɔɔ e-hɔ-ɔ .
Glosses: bread soft 3SG-sell-HAB
Translation: He/she sells soft bread.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Asupaatere fɛɛfɛo lɛ etse .
Glosses: shoe/sandals beautiful DEF tear.PST
Translation: The beautiful pair of shoes is torn.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Tokota kɛ e he fɛu ɔ hia .
Glosses: shoe/sandal with 3SG.POSS part beauty DEF tear.AOR
Translation: The beautiful pair of shoes is torn.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Tɛ bibioo e-hee ko ka jɛmɛ .
Glosses: stone little NMLZ-new DEF lie there . 
Translation: There is a new small stone lying there.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Gbee agbo kpitioo lɛ gbo .
Glosses: dog big short DEF die.PST
Translation: The big short dog is dead.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mi-he shia fɛɛfɛo agbo ko .
Glosses: 1SG-buy.PST house beautiful big certain . 
Translation: I bought a certain big beautiful house.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Gbe-i agbo-i e-di-ji lɛ egbo .
Glosses: dog-PL big-PL NMLZ-black-PL DEF PERF.die
Translation: The big black dogs are dead.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Mangoo ngmlikiti gaga nↄ si .
Glosses: mangoo ripe.NEG long fall down . 
Translation: The unripe oval shaped mango has fallen down.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: To futa agbo kɛ e nane gagaaga a laa .
Glosses: sheep/goat white big with 3SG.POSS leg long.RED DEF lost
Translation: The white fat sheep/goat with the long legs is lost.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Sɛ yumu nyafii ngɛ sukuu tsu ↄ mi .
Glosses: Stool/chair black DIM is school room DEF inside
Translation: The black small stool/chair is in the classroom.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Lo momo sasɛ ↄmɛ ngɛ tso goga a mi .
Glosses: fish/meat old rotten DEF.PL at wood bucket DEF inside
Translation: The little rotten old meat/fish is in the wooden bucket.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Asapaatere lɛ yɛ fɛo .
Glosses: Shoe/sandals DEF possess beauty
Translation: The pair of shoe/sandals is beautiful.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Tokota a ngɛ fɛu .
Glosses: Shoe/sandals DEF possess beauty . 
Translation: The pair of shoe/sandals is beautiful.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Siadeyo ka .
Glosses: Siadeyo be.tall
Translation: Siadeyo is tall.
Language: Ga (English translation)
Transcription: Bo ɔ pɔ .
Glosses: cloth DEF be.wet
Translation: The cloth is wet.
Language: Tso (English translation)
Transcription: Tso ɔ gbli .
Glosses: tree DEF be.dry
Translation: The tree is dried.
Language: Tso (English translation)
Transcription: Aku kwɔ .
Glosses: Aku be.tall
Translation: Aku is tall.
Language: Tso (English translation)
Transcription: Atade lɛ e-fɔ .
Glosses: dress DEF PERF-wet
Translation: The dress is wet.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Tso lɛ gbi .
Glosses: tree DEF PERF.dry
Translation: The tree is dry.
Language: Swahili ( translation)
Transcription: u-nywele
Glosses: CL8-hair
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: roor-i
Glosses: run-3SGM.PAST
Translation: he ran
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: roor-ti
Glosses: run-3SGF.PAST
Translation: she ran
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: roor-eena
Glosses: run-3PL.PAST
Translation: they ran
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: ɗeer-ya
Glosses: be.tall-3SGM.STATIVE
Translation: he is tall
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: ɗeer-ta
Glosses: be.tall-3SGF.STATIVE
Translation: she is tall
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: ɗeer-yena
Glosses: be.tall-3PL.STATIVE
Translation: they are tall
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: kooy-e
Glosses: come-3SGM.FUTURE
Translation: he will come
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: kooy-ase
Glosses: come-3SGF.FUTURE
Translation: she will come
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: kooy-ayeena
Glosses: come-3PL.FUTURE
Translation: they will come
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: aam-oy-e
Glosses: eat-PRES.PROG-3SGM.PRESENT
Translation: he is eating
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: aam-oy-te
Glosses: eat-PRES.PROG-3SGF.PRESENT
Translation: she is eating
Language: Maay (English translation)
Transcription: aam-oy-eena
Glosses: eat-PRES.PROG-3PL.PRESENT
Translation: they are eating
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: [def-go ngo ndef-mi ñebbe ngo] bettu Hawaa .
Glosses: cook-INF C.REL cook-1SG beans CL.the surprise Hawaa
Translation: The fact that I cooked beans surprised Hawaa.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: [ko ndef-mi ñebbe ko] bettu Hawaa .
Glosses: C.REL cook-1SG beans CL.the surprise Hawaa
Translation: The fact that I cooked beans surprised Hawaa.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: Musa ñaam-ma [ñebbe ɗe ndef-mi ɗe].
Glosses: Musa eat-PERF beans C.REL cook-1SG CL.the
Translation: Musa ate the beans that I cooked.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: Taalibe mo jangu-m deft-are nde les lekki .
Glosses: student CL.the read-PERF.NEUT book-CL CL.the under tree
Translation: The student has read the book under a tree.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: (Ko) raandu ndu Musaa yii-noo .
Glosses: FOC dog.CL CL.the Musaa see-PAST
Translation: It’s the dog that Musaa saw.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: Musaa (ko) yii-no raandu ndu .
Glosses: Musaa FOC see-PAST dog.CL the.CL
Translation: Musaa saw the dog (not heard it bark).
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: Ko Musaa yii-noo ?
Glosses: what Musaa see-past
Translation: What did Musaa see?
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: raa-ndu ndu
Glosses: dog-CL CL.the
Translation: the dog
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: daa-ɗi ɗi
Glosses: dog-CL CL.the
Translation: the dogs
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: Mbiɗo yiɗi/foti def-go maaro .
Glosses: 1SG want/should cook-INF rice
Translation: I want to cook rice.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: O ñoot-ma tuuba am ba ñoot-go wesoo .
Glosses: 3SG sew-PERF pants my CL.the sew-INF beautiful
Translation: He has sewn my pants a beautiful sewing.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: mi/a/o sood-ma oto .
Glosses: I/you/he/she buy-PERF.NEUT car
Translation: I/you have bought a car.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: En/on/ɓe cood-ma oto .
Glosses: We/you/they buy-PERF.NEUT car
Translation: We have bought a car.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ɓe nguju-m deftare .
Glosses: 3.PL steal-PERF book
Translation: They stole a book.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: [wuju-go ngo ɓe nguj-i deftare ngo] bettu-mii-m .
Glosses: steal-INF C.REL 3.PL steal-PERF book CL.the surprise-1SG-PERF
Translation: The fact that they stole the book surprised me.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: [ko ɓe nguj-i deftare ko] bettu-mii-m .
Glosses: C.REL 3.PL steal-PERF book CL.the surprise-1SG-perf
Translation: (The fact) that they stole the book surprised me.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ɓe ndicit-iim [wuju-go ngo ɓe nguj-i deftare ngo].
Glosses: 1PL regret-PERF steal-INF C.REL 3.PL steal-PERF book CL.the
Translation: They regret the fact that they stole the book.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ɓe ndicit-iim [ko ɓe nguj-i deftare ko].
Glosses: 1PL regret-PERF C.REL 3.PL steal-PERF book CL.the
Translation: They regret (the fact) that they stole the book.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: mbiɗo siɓ-i [wuju-go ngo ɓe nguj-i deftare ngo].
Glosses: 1SG doubt-PERF steal-INF C.REL 3.PL steal-PERF book CL.the
Translation: Intended: ‘I doubt the fact that they stole a book.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: mbiɗo siɓ-i [ko ɓe nguj-i deftare ko].
Glosses: 1SG doubt-PERF C.REL 3.PL steal-PERF book CL.the
Translation: Intended: ‘I doubt that they stole a book.
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: simis mo Hawaa loot-i mo
Glosses: shirt C.REL Hawaa wash-PERF CL.the
Translation: the shirt that Hawaa washed
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: simis *(mo) Hawaa loot-i
Glosses: shirt C.REL Hawaa wash-PERF
Translation: (some) shirt that Hawaa washed
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: faɗoo ngo Hawaa watt-ii ngo
Glosses: shoe C.REL Hawaa wear-PERF CL.the
Translation: The shoe that Hawaa is wearing
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: faɗoo *(ngo) Hawaa watt-ii
Glosses: shoe C.REL Hawaa wash-PERF
Translation: (some) shoe that Hawaa is wearing
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ñebbe ɗe Hawaa def-i ɗe
Glosses: beans C.REL Hawaa cook-PERF CL.the
Translation: the beans that Hawaa cooked
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ñebbe ɗe ndef-mi ɗe
Glosses: beans C.REL cook-1SG CL.the
Translation: the beans that I cooked
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ñebbe ɗe rewɓe ɓe ndef-i ɗe
Glosses: beans C.REL women CL.the cook-PERF CL.the
Translation: the beans that the women cooked
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: loot-go ngo Hawaa loot-i wutte ngo
Glosses: wash-INF C.REL Hawaa wash-PERF shirt CL.the
Translation: the fact that Hawaa washed a shirt
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ko Hawaa loot-i wutte ko
Glosses: C.REL Hawaa wash-PERF shirt CL.the
Translation: (the fact) that Hawaa washed a shirt
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: Loot-go *(ngo) Hawaa loot-i wutte
Glosses: wash-INF C.REL Hawaa wash-PERF shirt
Translation: A/some washing that Hawaa washed a shirt
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: *ko Hawaa loot-i wutte
Glosses: C.REL Hawaa wash-PERF shirt
Translation: the fact that Hawaa washed a shirt
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: def-go ngo Hawaa def-i ñebbe ngo
Glosses: cook-INF C.REL Hawaa cook-PERF beans CL.the
Translation: the fact that Hawaa cooked beans
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: def-go ngo ndef-mi ñebbe ngo
Glosses: cook-INF C.REL cook-1SG beans CL.the
Translation: the fact that I cooked beans
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: def-go ngo ɓe ndef-i ñebbe ngo
Glosses: cook-INF C.REL SUBJ.pro cook-PERF beans CL.the
Translation: the fact that they cooked beans
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: *ko Hawaa def-i ñebbe
Glosses: C.REL Hawaa cook-PERF beans
Translation: the fact that Jeyla cooked beans
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ko Hawaa def-i ñebbe ko
Glosses: C.REL Hawaa cook-PERF beans CL.the
Translation: the fact that Hawaa cooked beans
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ko ndef-mi ñebbe ko
Glosses: C.REL cook-SG beans CL.the
Translation: the fact that I cooked beans
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ko ɓe ndef-i ñebbe ko
Glosses: C.REL 3RD.PL cook-PERF beans CL.the
Translation: the fact that they cooked beans
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ɗa yiɗ-i [suko mo Isa tott-i ñebbe mo .]
Glosses: 2SG like-PERF child CLREL Isa give-PERF beans CL.the
Translation: I like the boy that Isa gave beans
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ɗa yiɗ-i [ñebbe ɗe [suko mo Isa tott-i mo].
Glosses: 2SG like-PERF [beans CLrel [child CLrel Isa give-PERF] CL.the
Translation: You like the beans that boy that Isa gave
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: wuttei mo Hawaa loot-i ti mo
Glosses: shirt CL.REL Hawaa wash-PERF _ CL.the
Translation: The shirt that Hawaa washed
Language: Pulaar (English translation)
Transcription: ko Jeyla loot-i wutte ko
Glosses: C.REL Jeyla wash-PERF shirt CL.the
Translation: (the fact) that Jeyla washed a shirt
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a naf-a-xam .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 hit-DV-1SG.OBJ
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a naf-a-ang .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 hit-DV-2SG.OBJ
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a naf-a-an .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 hit-DV-3SG.OBJ
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a naf-a a in .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 hit-DV OBJ 1PL
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a naf-a a nuun .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 hit-DV OBJ 2PL
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a naf-a a den .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 hit-DV OBJ 3PL
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Mataar a jaw-a [DP maalo fe]
Glosses: Mataar 3 cook-DV _ rice DET
Translation: Mataar cooked the rice.
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Mataar a jaw-a-ani [DP maalo fe]i
Glosses: Mataar 3 cook-DV-3SG.OBJ _ rice DET
Translation: Intended: `Mataar cooked the rice.
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a bug-a-ani [DP ya' um oxe]i .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 love-DV-3SG.OBJ _ mother 3POSS DET
Translation: Intended: `Mataar loves his mother.' Kinship term
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ga'-a-xami [DP a mi]i .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 see-DV-1SG.OBJ _ OBJ 1SG
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ga'-a-ani [DP okoor oxe]i .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 see-DV-3SG.OBJ _ man DET
Translation: Intended: `Jegaan saw the man.' Human animate
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ga'-a-ani [DP muus ne]i .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 see-DV-3SG.OBJ _ cat DET
Translation: Intended: `Jegaan saw the cat.' Non-human animate
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a jik-a-ani [DP mbin ne]i
Glosses: Jegaan 3 buy-DV-3SG.OBJ _ house DET
Translation: Intended: `Jegaan bought the house.' Inanimate
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: xari Ami a jik-u-ni ?
Glosses: what Ami 3 buy-EXT-3SG.OBJ
Translation: Intended: `What did Ami buy?' Inanimate -word
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: ani Ami a bug-u-ni ?
Glosses: who Ami 3 love-EXT-3SG.OBJ
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: JegaaniFOC Ami a bug-u-ni .
Glosses: Jegaan Ami 3 love-EXT-3SG.OBJ
Translation: Intended: `It's Jegaan that Ami loves.' DP focus
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: (a) wo'iFOC Ami a bug-ongi .
Glosses: OBJ 2SG Ami 3 love-2SG.OBJ.EXT
Translation: Intended: `It's you that Ami loves.' Pronoun focus
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: [N maalo]i [CP ne Ami a ñam-uu-ni-a]
Glosses: _ rice _ REL.DET Ami 3 eat-EXT-3SG.OBJ-REL
Translation: Intended: `the rice that Ami ate
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: aniini Ami a bug-u a deni ?
Glosses: who.PL Ami 3 love-EXT OBJ 3PL
Translation: Intended: `Who all does Ami love?' Plural -word
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: (a) nuuniFOC Ami a ga'-u a nuuni .
Glosses: OBJ 2PL Ami 3 see-EXT OBJ 2PL
Translation: Intended: `It's you all that Ami saw.' Plural DP focus
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: maalo fe , Mataar a jaw-a-an .
Glosses: rice DET Mataar 3 cook-DV-3SG.OBJ
Translation: The rice, Mataar cooked it.' Suffix
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: maalo fe , Mataar a jaw-a-Ø .
Glosses: rice DET Mataar 3 cook-DV
Translation: Intended: `The rice, Mataar cooked it.' No Suffix
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: (a) mi , Mataar a bug-a-*(xam).
Glosses: OBJ 1SG Mataar 3 cook-DV-1SG.OBJ
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: (a) wo', Mataar a bug-a-*(ang).
Glosses: OBJ 2SG Mataar 3 cook-DV-1SG.OBJ
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: goor we , Mataar a ga'-a a den .
Glosses: men DET Mataar 3 see-DV OBJ 3PL
Translation: The men, Mataar saw them.' Pronoun
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-a-ang .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-DV-2SG.OBJ
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-a (a) wo'.
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-DV OBJ 2SG
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-a-ang faak .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-DV-2SG.OBJ yesterday
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-a faak (a) wo'.
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-DV yesterday OBJ 2SG
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-a (a) wo' faak .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-DV OBJ 2SG yesterday
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ga'-a (a nuun) faak (a nuun).
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-DV OBJ 2PL yesterday OBJ 2PL
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ga'-a (otew oxe) faak (otew oxe).
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-DV woman DET yesterday woman DET
Translation: Jegaan saw the woman yesterday.' Full DP
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ci'-a [DP okoor oxe] ↔ [DP atere le].
Glosses: Jegaan 3 give-DV _ man DET _ book DET _
Translation: Jegaan gave the man the book.' GOAL < THEME / THEME < GOAL
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: a jaw-an-a [DP okoor oxe] ↔ [DP maalo fe].
Glosses: 3 cook-BEN-DV _ man DET _ rice DET _
Translation: He cooked the rice for the man.' BEN < THEME / THEME < BEN
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ci'-a-angGOAL [DP a ten]THEME .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 give-DV-2SG.OBJ _ OBJ 3SG
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ci'-a-anTHEME [DP a wo']GOAL .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 give-DV-3SG.OBJ _ OBJ 2SG
Translation: Jegaan gave it to you.'Theme suffix
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a ci'-a-angGOAL-inTHEME .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 give-DV-2SG.OBJ-3SG.OBJ
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-noor-a [DP okoor oxe] [DP naak le]O .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-CAUS-DV _ man DET _ cow DET
Translation: Jegaan made the man kick the cow.' CAUSEE < OBJECT
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-noor-a [DP naak le]O [DP okoor oxe].
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-CAUS-DV _ cow DET _ man DET
Translation: Intended: `Jegaan made the man kick the cow.' *OBJECT < CAUSEE
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-noor-a-angCAUSEE [DP naak le]OBJECT .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-CAUS-DV-2SG.OBJ _ cow DET
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-noor-a [DP a wo']CAUSEE [DP naak le]OBJECT .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-CAUS-DV _ OBJ 2SG _ cow DET
Translation: Jegaan made you kick the the cow.' Free pronoun
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-noor-a-angOBJECT [DP okoor oxe]CAUSEE .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-CAUS-DV-2SG.OBJ _ man DET
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Jegaan a fal-noor-a-angCAUSEE-inOBJECT .
Glosses: Jegaan 3 kick-CAUS-DV-2SG.OBJ-3SG.OBJ
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: [DP okoor oxe]GOAL a ci'-e [DP atere le]THEME
Glosses: _ man DET 3 give-PASS _ book DET
Translation: The man was given the book.' Goal subject
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: [DP atere le]THEME a ci'-e [DP okoor oxe]GOAL
Glosses: _ book DET 3 give-PASS _ man DET
Translation: The book was given to the man.' Theme subject
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: [DP okoor oxe]GOAL a ci'-e-n
Glosses: _ man DET 3 give-PASS-3SG.OBJ
Translation: Intended: 'The man was given it.' Goal suffix
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: [DP atere le]THEME a ci'-e-n
Glosses: _ book DET 3 give-PASS-3SG.OBJ
Translation: Intended: `The book was given to him/her.' Theme suffix
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: [DP okoor oxe]GOAL a ci'-e [DP a ten]THEME
Glosses: _ man DET 3 give-PASS _ OBJ 3SG
Translation: The man was given it.
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: [DP atere le]THEME a ci'-e [DP a ten]GOAL
Glosses: _ book DET 3 give-PASS _ OBJ 3SG
Translation: The book was given to him/her.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ékpê á-mà á-kót ŋ̀-wèt
Glosses: ekpe 3SG-PST 3SG-read NMLZ-write
Translation: Ekpe read a book.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ékpê á-ké á-kòó-kót ŋ̀-wèt
Glosses: ekpe 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-CON.FOC-read NMLZ-write
Translation: Ekpe READ the book (not, say, take it away).
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ékpê á-ké á-kót ŋ̀-wèt kpɔ́t
Glosses: ekpe 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-read NMLZ-write only
Translation: Ekpe only read the book.
Language: Akwa (English translation)
Transcription: èkà á-mà á-fát áyɨ́n
Glosses: mother 3SG-PST 3SG-hug child
Translation: The mother hugged the child.
Language: Akwa (English translation)
Transcription: èkà á-mà á-ɱ́-fát (míèn)
Glosses: mother 3SG-PST 3SG-1SG-hug 1SG
Translation: The mother hugged me.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ú-kpá ú-ké ú-sé ú-màná-ké ú-nám
Glosses: 2SGS-COND 2SGS-PERF 2SGS-IMPF 2SGS-do.again-NEG 2SGS-do
Translation: You should not have been doing it again.’
Language: Ibibio ( translation)
Transcription: òkón á-mà á-tóŋŋó
Glosses: okon 3SG-PST 3SG-start
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: òkón í-ké í-tóŋŋó-ké
Glosses: okon 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-start-NEG
Translation: Okon had not started.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ímá á-mà á-dép
Glosses: ima 3SG-PST 3SG-buy
Translation: Ima bought it.
Language: Ibibio ( translation)
Transcription: ímá í-ké í-dép-pé
Glosses: ima 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-buy-NEG
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: é-mà é-kɨ́t
Glosses: 3PL-PST 3PL-see
Translation: They saw.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: í-ké í-kɨ́t-té
Glosses: 3PL-PST.FOC 3SG-see-NEG
Translation: They didn’t see.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: é-mà é-dû-kɨ̀t-tè
Glosses: 3PL-PST 3PL-REC-see-REC
Translation: They saw each other.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: eno á-mà á-nám ɔ́mmɔ̂ ké í-dú-kɨ̀t-tè
Glosses: eno 3SG-PST 3SG-make they NEG 3PL-REC-SEE-REC
Translation: Eno made them not see each other.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: í-ké í-dú-kɨ̀t-tè-kè
Glosses: 3PL-PST.FOC 3PL-REC-see-REC-NEG
Translation: They didn’t see each other
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ànìyè (ówó) ké èkà á-ké/*mà á-fát
Glosses: who person COMP mother 3SG-PST.FOC/*PST 3SG-hug
Translation: Who did the mother hug?
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: (á-dò) áyɨ́n ké èkà á-ké/*mà á-fát
Glosses: 3SG-be child COMP mother 3SG-PST.FOC/*PST 3SG-hug
Translation: It was the child that the mother hugged.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ànìyé í-ké/*mà í-fát áyɨ́n
Glosses: who 3SG-PST.FOC/*PST 3SG-hug child
Translation: Who hugged the child?
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ànìyé ké í-ké í-fát áyɨ́n
Glosses: who COMP 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-hug child
Translation: (Intended: ‘Who hugged the child?’ or ‘Who is it that hugged the child?’)
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: (á-dò) èkà á-ké/*mà á-fát áyɨ́n
Glosses: 3SG-be mother 3SG-PST.FOC/*PST 3SG-hug child
Translation: It was the mother that hugged the child (not the father).
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: èkà ké á-ké á-fát áyɨ́n
Glosses: mother COMP 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-hug child
Translation: (Intended: ‘It was the mother that hugged the child [not the father].’)
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ákùn á-mà á-dép ŋ̀-wèt
Glosses: akun 3SG-PST 3SG-buy NMLZ-write
Translation: Akun bought the book.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ákùn á-ké á-dèé-dép ŋ̀-wèt í-ké í-yɨ̀p-pé-yɨ̀p
Glosses: akun 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-CON.FOC-buy NMLZ-write 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG.CON.FOC-NEG-steal
Translation: Akun BOUGHT the book, she didn’t STEAL it.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ákùn [TP á-ké á-yèé-yɨ̂p ŋ̀-wèt ] í-ké í-dép-pé-dép
Glosses: akun _ 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-CON.FOC-steal NMLZ-write _ 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-buy-NEG-buy
Translation: Akun STOLE the book, she didn’t BUY it.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ímà á-mà á-ɲèé-ɲɨ́mmé
Glosses: ima 3SG-PST 3SG-CON.FOC-agree
Translation: Ima AGREED (she didn’t disagree).
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: à-mà á-fɔ́p
Glosses: 2SG-PST 3SG-burn
Translation: You burned it.
Language: Ibibio ( translation)
Transcription: ú-ké ú-fɔ́p-pɔ́
Glosses: 2SG-PST.FOC 2SG-burn-NEG
Language: Ibibio ( translation)
Transcription: ú-ké ú-fɔ́p-pɔ́-fɔ́p
Glosses: 2SG-PST.FOC 2SG-burn-NEG-burn
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: í-ké í-dép-pé-dép ŋ̀-wèt á-ké á-yèé-yɨ̂p
Glosses: 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-buy-NEG-buy NMLZ-write 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-CON.FOC-steal
Translation: She didn’t BUY the book, she STOLE it.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ìmá á-mà á-fèɰé ítɔ̀k
Glosses: ima 3SG-PST 3SG-run race
Translation: Ima ran the race.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ìmá kpɔ́t á-ké á-fèɰé ítɔ̀k
Glosses: ima only 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-run race
Translation: Only Ima ran the race (not Ekpe or Akun).’/*‘Ima only ran the race (she didn’t go to the party).
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ítɔ̀k kpɔ́t ké ìmá á-ké á-fèɰé
Glosses: race only COMP ima 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-run
Translation: It was only the race that Ima ran.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: èté â-ké-dép-pé àkàrà á-mà á-kót ŋ̀-wèt
Glosses: man 3SG-PST.FOC-buy-REL bean.cake 3SG-PST 3SG-read NMLZ-write
Translation: The man who bought the bean cake read the book.
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: èté â-ké-dép-pé àkàrà kpɔ́t á-ké á-kót ŋ̀wèt
Glosses: man 3SG-PST.FOC-buy-REL bean.cake only 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-read NMLZ-write
Translation: Only the man who bought the bean cake read the book (not Ima or Akun).’/*‘The man who bought the bean cake only read the book (he didn’t read the magazine/he didn’t sell the book).
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: * ìmá á-ké á-fèɰé ítɔ̀k kpɔ́t ké
Glosses: _ ima 3SG-PST.FOC 3SG-run race only COMP
Translation: (Intended: ‘Ima only ran the race.’)
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ǹsǒ ké (àfò) à-dìá-díá
Glosses: what COMP 2SG 2SG-CON.FOC-eat
Translation: What the hell are you EATING?
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: ǹsǒ ké (àfò) mmé-ú-ké-ú-dìá-ɰá-díá
Glosses: what COMP 2SG mmé-2SG-PST.FOC-2SG-CON.FOC-NEG-eat
Translation: What the hell didn’t you EAT?
Language: Ibibio (English translation)
Transcription: é-ké é-bɔ̀ɔ́-bwɔ́t ákʌ́k kpɔ́t
Glosses: 3PL-PST.FOC 3PL-CON.FOC-borrow money only
Translation: They only BORROWED money.’ (Response to: ‘Did they steal money?’)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mají nové auto .
Glosses: have.3PL new car.ACC
Translation: They have a new car.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Tvoje děti tě potřebují .
Glosses: your children.NOM you.ACC need.3PL
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: J' ai une voiture .
Glosses: I have.1SG a car
Translation: I have a car.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: J' ai besoin d' une voiture .
Glosses: I have.1SG need of a car
Translation: I need a car.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Man ir velosipēds .
Glosses: me.DAT is bicycle.NOM
Translation: I have a bicycle.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Man vajag dakšu .
Glosses: me.DAT need.3SG fork.GEN
Translation: I need a fork.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ngi-zo-ba ne-mali .
Glosses: 1SG-FUT-be with.AUG-9money
Translation: I will have money.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ngi-zo-dinga imali .
Glosses: 1SG-FUT-need AUG.9money
Translation: I will need money.
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: ni-li-kuwa na nyumba .
Glosses: 1SG-PST-be with 9house
Translation: I had a house.
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: ni-li-hitaji nyumba .
Glosses: 1SG-PST-need 9house
Translation: I needed a house.
Language: Kuria ( translation)
Transcription: Gati n-a-a-re n-eng'ɔɔmbe .
Glosses: 1Gati FOC-1S-REM.PST-be with-9cow
Language: Kuria (English translation)
Transcription: Gati n-a-a-tun-ire eng'ɔɔmbe .
Glosses: 1Gati FOC-1S-REM.PST-need-REM.PST 9cow
Translation: Gati needed a cow.' (remote past)
Language: Finnish (English translation)
Transcription: Hän on vanha .
Glosses: he.NOM be.3SG old.NOM
Translation: He is old.
Language: Finnish (English translation)
Transcription: Minu-lla on häne-t .
Glosses: I-ADESS be.3SG him-ACC
Translation: I have him.
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: Gati a-li-i-taka .
Glosses: 1Gati 1S-PST-9O-want
Translation: Gati wanted it (a house).' (remote past)
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: Gati a-li-i-hitaji .
Glosses: 1Gati 1S-PST-9O-need
Translation: Gati needed it (a house).' (remote past)
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: Gati a-li-kuwa na-yo .
Glosses: 1Gati 1S-PST-be with-9PRONOUN
Translation: Gati had it (a house).' (remote past)
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ngi-zo-yi-funa .
Glosses: 1SG-FUT-9O-want
Translation: I will want it (money).
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ngi-zo-yi-dinga .
Glosses: 1SG-FUT-9O-need
Translation: I will need it (money).
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ngi-zo-ba na-yo .
Glosses: 1SG-FUT-be with-9PRONOUN
Translation: I will have it (money).
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: Ni-li-ona ki-tabu amba-cho Gati a-li-nunua .
Glosses: 1sgS-PST-see 7-book comp-7REL 1Gati 1S-PST-buy
Translation: I saw the book that Gati bought.
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: Ni-li-ona ki-tabu amba-cho Gati a-li-kuwa na-cho .
Glosses: 1sgS-PST-see 7-book comp-7REL 1Gati 1S-PST-be with-7PRO . 
Translation: I saw the book that Gati had.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: y-imali-ni e-ngi-zo-yi-funa ?
Glosses: COP-AUG.9money-what REL-1SG-FUT-9O-want
Translation: How much money will I want?
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: y-imali-ni e-ngi-zo-yi-dinga ?
Glosses: COP-AUG.9money-what REL-1SG-FUT-9O-need
Translation: How much money will I need?
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: y-imali-ni e-ngi-zo-ba na-yo ?
Glosses: COP-AUG.9money-what REL-1SG-FUT-be with-9PRONOUN
Translation: How much money will I have?
Language: Zulu ( translation)
Transcription: y-imali-ni e-ngi-zo-yi-ba na-(yo)?
Glosses: COP-AUG.9money-what REL-1SG-FUT-9O-be with-(9PRONOUN)
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ubhuthi e-ngi-hamba na-ye (u)-ng-uSipho .
Glosses: AUG.1brother REL-1SG-go with-1PRONOUN (1S)-COP-AUG.1Sipho
Translation: The guy I'm going with is Sipho.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ubhuthi e-ngi-khuluma nga ye u zo ba (ng) umongameli .
Glosses: AUG.1br REL-1SG-speak INSTR 1PRO 1S FUT be (COP) AUG.1president
Translation: The guy who I'm talking about will be president.
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: mw-anafunzi ni-na-ye-enda na-ye ni Gati .
Glosses: 1-student 1SG-PRES-9REL-go with-1PRONOUN is 1Gati
Translation: The student who I'm going with is Gati.
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: m-tu ni-na-ye-zungumza na-ye a-ta-kuwa rais .
Glosses: 1-person 1SG-PRES-9REL-converse with-1PRONOUN 1S-FUT-be 9president
Translation: The person who I'm talking to will be president.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ngi-bona u-muntu .
Glosses: 1SG-see AUG-1person
Translation: I see someone/the person.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: A-ngi-bon-i muntu .
Glosses: NEG-1SG-see-NEG 1person
Translation: I don't see anybody.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ngi-dinga i-mali .
Glosses: 1SG-need AUG-9money
Translation: I need money.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: A-ngi-ding-i mali .
Glosses: NEG-1SG-need-NEG 9money
Translation: I don't need any money.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: ngi-ne-mali .
Glosses: 1SG-with.AUG-9money
Translation: I have money.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: A-ngi-na mali .
Glosses: NEG-1SG-with 9money
Translation: I don't have any money.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: u-Mfundo u-dlala i-bhola no-muntu .
Glosses: AUG-1Mfundo 1S-play AUG-5ball NA.AUG-1person
Translation: Mfundo is playing soccer with someone/the person.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: u-Mfundo a-ka-dlal-i na-muntu i-bhola .
Glosses: AUG-1Mfundo NEG-1S-play-NEG NA-1person AUG-5ball
Translation: Mfundo isn't playing soccer with anyone.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: u-Sipho u-zo-pheka ukudla kwa-zingane/ *kwe-zingane .
Glosses: AUG-1Sipho 1S-FUT-cook AUG.15food KWA-10child/ *KWA.AUG-10child
Translation: Sipho will cook food for the children.
Language: Zulu (English translation)
Transcription: u-Sipho u-zo-thumela imali ku-bantwana .
Glosses: AUG-1Sipho 1S-FUT-send.APPL AUG.9money KU-2child
Translation: Sipho will send money to the children
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: John a-lolekhana mbo ka-a-kwa .
Glosses: 1John 1S-seems that 1S-PST-fell
Translation: John seems like he fell/John seems to have fallen.
Language: Swahili (English translation)
Transcription: I-na-wezakana (*kwa) Maiko ku-m-pig-i-a Tegani simu .
Glosses: 9S-PRES-possible (*for) 1Michael inf-O-beat-APPL-FV 1Tegan 9phone
Translation: It is possible for Michael to call Tegan.
Language: French (English translation)
Transcription: Joe a acheté une voiture l’ année passé .
Glosses: Joe has bought a car the year past
Translation: Joe bought a car last year.
Language: Kinshasa Lingala (English translation)
Transcription: Joe a somb -aki mutuka mbula eleki .
Glosses: Joe 1pssva buy rec.pst car year past
Translation: Joe bought a car last year.
Language: Manipuri (English translation)
Transcription: ǝy mabu u-de
Glosses: I him-ACC see-NEG(NFUT)
Translation: I did not see him.
Language: Manipuri (English translation)
Transcription: phi ǝdu ŋaŋ-de
Glosses: cloth that red-NEG(NFUT)
Translation: That cloth is not red.
Language: Seneca (English translation)
Transcription: t-ka-nӧhs-o:t-ø
Glosses: CIS-N.SG.AGT-building-upright-STA
Translation: The house there,
Language: Seneca (English translation)
Transcription: ka-nöhs-astë-:
Glosses: N.SG.AGT-building-big-STA
Translation: it was a big house.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: rumi-ta rikaa
Glosses: stone-ACC 1SG.see
Translation: I see a/the stone.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: hatun-ta rikaa
Glosses: big-ACC 1SG-see
Translation: I see a/the big (one).
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: ba-ba-ana ba-taru ba-nge baa-bofu be lii-ria baa-kon-a ba-no
Glosses: 2-2-person 2-three 2-mine 2.2-big of 5.5-respect 2.REL-sleep-FV 2-DEM
Translation: these three big respectful children of mine who are sleeping
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: o-mu-ndu o-mu-bofu
Glosses: 1-1-person 1-1-big
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: ba-ba-ndu baa-bofu
Glosses: 2-2-person 2.2-big
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: ku-mu-sala ku-mu-bofu
Glosses: 3-3-tree 3-3-big
Translation: big tree
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: ki-mi-sala ki-mi-bofu
Glosses: 4-4-tree 4-4-big
Translation: big trees
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: li-li-ino lii-bofu
Glosses: 5-5-tooth 5.5-big
Translation: big tooth
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: ka-me-eno ka-ma-bofu
Glosses: 6-6-tooth 6-6-big
Translation: big teeth
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: si-sy-uma sii-bofu
Glosses: 7-7-bead 7.7-big
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: bi-by-uma bii-bofu
Glosses: 8.8-bead 8.8-big
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: e-n-dika e-m-bofu
Glosses: 9-9-bicycle 9-9-big
Translation: big bicycle
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: chi-n-dika chi-m-bofu
Glosses: 10-10-bicycle 10-10-big
Translation: big bicycles
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: lu-lu-ichi luu-bofu
Glosses: 11-11-river 11.11-big
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: chi-nj-ichi chi-m-bofu
Glosses: 10-10-river 10-10-big
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: O-m-bofu o-yu a-siim-a o-mw-ana wewe .
Glosses: 1-1-blind DEM-1 1-PRS-love-FV 1-1-child his/hers
Translation: That blind person loves his/her child.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Baa-tambi ba-a-sab-ang-a byaa-khulya .
Glosses: 2.2-poor 2-PRS-beg-HAB-FV 8.8-food
Translation: The poor usually beg for food.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ku-mu-leeyi kw-a-funiikh-e .
Glosses: 3-3-tall 3-PST-break-FV
Translation: The tall (one) broke.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Li-li-imbi lya-a-kw-a .
Glosses: 5-5-short 5-PST-fall-FV
Translation: The short (one) fell.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-a-yet-ang-a baa-tambi .
Glosses: 1.Wafula 1-PRS-help-HAB-FV 2.2-poor
Translation: Wafula usually helps the poor.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Mayi a-a-kul-il-e lii .bofu .
Glosses: Mother 1-PST-buy-ASP-FV 5.5-big
Translation: Mother bought the big (one).
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-a-r-a sii-bofu khu-mesa .
Glosses: Wafula 1-PST-put-FV 7.7-big on.PRF-table
Translation: Wafula put the big (one) on the table.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-a-r-a sii-tabu khu-mu-bofu .
Glosses: Wafula 1-PST-put-FV 7.7-book 17-17-big
Translation: Wafula put the book on the big one.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: o-mu-soreri o-mu-leyi
Glosses: 1-1-boy 1-1-tall
Translation: the/a tall boy
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: o-mu-leyi o-mu-soreri
Glosses: 1-1-tall 1-1-boy
Translation: (Intended: ‘the/a tall boy’)
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: ku-mu-sala ku-mu-leeyi
Glosses: 3-3-tree 3-3-tall
Translation: the/a tall tree
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: ku-mu-leyi ku-mu-sala
Glosses: 3-3-tall 3-3-tree
Translation: (Intended: ‘the/a tall tree’)
Language: English (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-a-sangal-il-e .
Glosses: Wafula 1-PRS-happy-ASP-FV
Translation: Wafula is happy.
Language: English (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-a-suluny-e .
Glosses: Wafula 1-PRS-sad-FV
Translation: Wafula is sad.
Language: English (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-a-le-il-e .
Glosses: Wafula 1-PRS-tall-ASP-FV
Translation: Wafula has become tall.
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: Wafula o-mu-sangafu
Glosses: Wafula 1-1-happy
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: Ku-mu-sala ku-mu-leyi
Glosses: 3-3-tree 3-3-tall
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ku-mu-sala kw-a-le-il-e .
Glosses: 3-3-tree SA-PRS-tall-ASP-FV
Translation: The tree has become tall.’ (Stage-level)
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-li o-mu-sangafu .
Glosses: Wafula 1-be 1-1-happy
Translation: Wafula is a happy person.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ku-mu-sala ku-li ku-mu-leyi .
Glosses: 3-3-tree 3-be 3-3-tall
Translation: The tree is tall.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-la-saangal-a
Glosses: Wafula 1-FUT-happy-FV
Translation: Wafula will be happy today.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-kha-saangal-e
Glosses: Wafula 1-FUT-happy-FV
Translation: Wafula will be happy tomorrow/next week.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-li-saangal-a
Glosses: Wafula 1-FUT-happy-FV
Translation: Wafula will be happy sometime in the remote future.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wafula a-a-saangal-a
Glosses: Wafula 1-PST-happy-FV
Translation: Wafula was happy a long time ago.
Language: Beria (English translation)
Transcription: *Ai=gu suk=tu hiri-g-í .
Glosses: 1S=ERG market=DAT run-1SG.A-PFV
Translation: It was I who ran to the market.’ (TAA)
Language: Beria (English translation)
Transcription: *Ai=gu sur-g-í .
Glosses: 1S=ERG exit-1SG.A-PFV
Translation: It was I who left.’ (TAA)
Language: Beria (English translation)
Transcription: *Ber=gu arabie kidí . A arab tigo .
Glosses: 3S=ERG car 3.A:have:PFV:SG 1S car have:1S.A:NEG
Translation: It is he who has a car. I don’t have a car.’ (TAA)
Language: Arabic (English translation)
Transcription: ɟàmâl=dɪ àrmá Ø:áwáá-r̩-ɪ .
Glosses: Jamal=FOCABS Arabic OJ:3:learn-SJ:3-PFV
Translation: It’s Jamal who has learnt Arabic.
Language: Arabic (English translation)
Transcription: *Hawa=gu tir=egî . ege=giní . Maha ege=gino .
Glosses: Hawa=ERG name=1SG.POSS know=3A.PFV:AUX Maha know=3A.PFV:AUX:NEG
Translation: It was Hawa who learned (lit., ‘knew’) my name. Maha didn’t learn it.’ (TAA)
Language: Arabic (English translation)
Transcription: Bur=do=gu kana tene sai=gi-n-o . O gie=i .
Glosses: boy=that=ERG NEG.PFV girl hit=3.A.PFV-AUX-NEG person other=COPPR
Translation: It wasn’t that boy that hit the girl. It was someone else.’ (TAA)
Language: Arabic (English translation)
Transcription: Bur=gu kana tene sai=gi-n-o=ru , tene=gu .
Glosses: boy=ERG NEG.PFV girl hit=3.A.PFV-AUX-NEG=CONJ girl=ERG
Translation: It wasn’t that the boy that hit the girl. The girl hit the boy.’ (TAA)
Language: Beria (English translation)
Transcription: genîa ha Sharq al Jabal hie=ru Yara=ra Nimra=ra Dalma=ra genîa=kî=ra , oo toûra malishat hakuma=ru tabi begî=gu a-we gami=giníí .
Glosses: villages Mt . Sharq al Jebel direction=LOC Yara=CONJ Nimra=CONJ Dalma=CONJ villages=these=CONJ person:PL armed militia government=DAT affiliated this=ERG go.3A.PL-CVB ambush=3A.PFV:AUX:PL
Translation: The villages around Mt. Sharq al Jebel – Yara, Nimra, and Dalma – these villages too, these armed government-affiliated militiamen(=ERG) went and ambushed.
Language: Beria (English translation)
Transcription: bɪɛ kí=dî ábā égí=gú Ø:sí-é-r̩-î .
Glosses: house this=FOCABS father my=FOCERG OJ:3:build-PFV:3-SJ:3-PFV
Translation: It’s this house that my father has built.
Language: Beria (English translation)
Transcription: …genî=gi kerigi oo jii=gu , “Ta-rdasin-e baa=ru ere je korekk=tu ba=gi je oû-d-í ,” gi-n-e kîíí .
Glosses: village=this within person:PL COPLOC.3:PL=ERG 1PL.P-come.together-CVB hand:PL=INS again PROG spade:PL=INS mine=this PROG dig-1PL.A-PFV 3.A.PFV-say-CVB 3.A.PFV-say-PFV:PL
Translation: … the people who are in this village said, “We are coming together and we are digging this mine out with our hands, and again with spades.”
Language: Bunaba (English translation)
Transcription: bágâ tɔ-gʊ-ɛ ɟɪɪ gɪnɛ , bɛr=gʊ tɛbɪ gɪ-n-ɪ .
Glosses: millet:PL RV-scatter-3:SJ:CVB1 LC:3:AFF:P SUB PP:3=FOC1 take:IMP PRF:3-say-3:SJ:AFF:PRF
Translation: Since the millet had been scattered, he said: “Take it!”’
Language: Bunaba (English translation)
Transcription: o wakil_amin_al-am iga Umam_al_Muttahida hifz_al_salaam kî tir-ogo Hervé Ladsous gine_îrì , [o=kî=gu er k-î-í]=gi , [“…”] gine_kîí .
Glosses: person Undersecretary.General mission United.Nations peacekeeping GEN name-3SG.POSS Hervé Ladsous is.called person=this=ERG REL.PR 3A.PFV-say-PFV.SG=REL [“…”] he.said
Translation: The UN Under-Secretary General for Peacekeeping, whose name is Hervé Ladsous, what this person said: [“”], he said.’ [5/1, 5.1]
Language: Beria (English translation)
Transcription: Tene [bur=gu ki-dig-a-r-í]=do ka-r-í .
Glosses: girl boy=ERG PFV.3-love-PFV.3-3.SG-PFV:SG=that come-3.A-PFV:SG
Translation: The girl [that the boy loves] came.’ (TAA)
Language: Beria (English translation)
Transcription: O kese-r-ì=gi Tayiba Abdelkarim Abdul=di .
Glosses: person speak-3A-IPFV.SG=REL Tayiba Abdelkarim Abdul=COPSP.3
Translation: The person who is speaking is Tayiba Abdelkarim Abdul.