lecslab/glosslm-corpus-split huggingface dataset:
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: aħmad-li꞊ra sun-ni꞊ra mura d-ertː-ib admi dila χːutːu꞊sa-j .
Glosses: Ahmad-ERG꞊ADD self-ERG꞊ADD hay NPL-mow:PFV-AOR man I.GEN father.in.law꞊COP-M
Translation: The man with whom Ahmad mowed the hay (lit., Ahmad and who mowed the
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: ʕuˤ dam muher-li-cːe-r r-iž-ib-se dila ʡamru alžana꞊ʁuna꞊sa-tːe .
Glosses: you.sg I.DAT dream-OBL-INTER-F(ESS) F1-sit:PFV-AOR-ATR I.GEN life heaven꞊like꞊COP-NPL+PST
Translation: My life when I dreamt about you (lit., when you were sitting in my
Language: Bagvalal (English translation)
Transcription: du (sun-ni-šːu) qʼʷ-aˤn-se qali
Glosses: I self-OBL-AD(LAT) go:IPFV-PRS-ATR house
Translation: the house where I am going
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: sa‹r›i dam-šːu r-ačʼ-ib rursːi
Glosses: self‹F› I.OBL-AD(LAT) F-come:PFV-AOR girl
Translation: the girl that came to me
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: sun-ni čutːu b-erkː-un umra
Glosses: self-ERG chudu N-eat:PFV-AOR neighbour
Translation: the neighbour who ate chudu
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: sa‹b›i umra-li b-erkː-un čutːu
Glosses: self‹N› neighbour-ERG N-eat:PFV-AOR chudu
Translation: the chudu (a kind of pie) that the neigbor ate
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: naˤʁ iz-u-l insan
Glosses: hand hurt:IPFV-PRS-ATR person
Translation: a person whose hand hurts
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: nu q'-oˤwe d-uʔ-ub-i huni
Glosses: I go:IPFV-CVB.IPFV F1-be:PFV-AOR-ATR road
Translation: the road I was going with
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: kʷiha b-erh-u-we le-w-i adami-li-ze nu g-ub .
Glosses: ram N-slaughter:PFV-PRS-CVB AUX-M-ATR man-OBL-INTER(LAT) I see:PFV-AOR
Translation: The man who had slaughtered a ram saw me.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: adami kʷiha b-erh-u-we le-w
Glosses: man ram N-slaughter:PFV-PRS-CVB AUX-M
Translation: The man slaughtered a ram.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: qali le-b-i dursi d-ak'-ib .
Glosses: house be-N-ATR girl F1-come:PFV-AOR
Translation: The girl who has her own house came.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: nu-ni b-erk-un-na itti b-urʁ-es b-aq-ib-i t'ult'.
Glosses: I-ERG N-eat:PFV-AOR-EGO that HPL-fight:IPFV-INF HPL-let:PFV-AOR-ATR bread
Translation: I ate the bread which served as the reason for them to fight.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: sune-la kʷač' b-oˤrʡ-aq-ib-i gatu .
Glosses: self.OBL-GEN leg N-break:PFV-CAUS-AOR-ATR cat
Translation: the cat whose leg broke
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: *sune-jni kʷiha b-erh-un-i adami-li-ze nu g-ub .
Glosses: self.OBL-ERG ram N-slaughter:PFV-AOR-ATR man-OBL-INTER(LAT) I see:PFV-AOR
Translation: The man who slaughtered the ram saw me.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: sune-jni꞊jal kʷiha b-erh-un-i adami-li-ze nu g-ub .
Glosses: self.OBL-ERG꞊EMPH ram N-slaughter:PFV-AOR-ATR man-OBL-INTER(LAT) I see:PFV-AOR
Translation: The man who himself slaughtered the ram saw me.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: sa‹b›i dupi-če-b b-urh-u-we b-uʔ-ub-i ule quli ʡaˤr-b-aˤq'-un .
Glosses: self‹HPL› ball-SUPER-HPL(ESS) HPL-play:IPFV-PRS-CVB HPL-be:PFV-AOR-ATR child.PL home.IN(LAT) away-HPL-go:PFV-AOR
Translation: The children who played with the ball went home.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ʜaˤnči ču-ni b-aq'-ib-i xuhe ʡaˤr-b-aˤq'-un quli .
Glosses: work self.OBL.PL-ERG N-do:PFV-AOR-ATR woman.PL away-HPL-go:PFV-AOR house.IN(LAT)
Translation: The women who did all their work went home.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: musa-ni꞊ra di-la uzi-li-ni꞊ra heš kung b-elč'-un .
Glosses: Musa-ERG꞊ADD I.OBL-GEN brother-OBL-ERG꞊ADD this book N-read:PFV-AOR
Translation: Musa and my brother read this book.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: *nu-ni꞊ra sune-jni꞊ra heš kung b-elč'-un-i adami w-ak'-ib .
Glosses: I-ERG꞊ADD self.OBL-ERG꞊ADD this book N-read:PFV-AOR-ATR man M-come:PFV-AOR
Translation: (Expected: `The man who read this book together with me (lit., I and
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: it-ini sune-s kung as-ib .
Glosses: this-ERG self.OBL-DAT book take:PFV-AOR
Translation: He bought a book for himself.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: nu-ni g-i-ra mažar sune-la weˤʡi-ze .
Glosses: I-ERG give:PFV-AOR-EGO gun self.OBL-GEN master-INTER(LAT)
Translation: I returned the gun to its owner.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: nu-ni sune-s diʔ g-ib-i ħanq'aka-jni ...
Glosses: I-ERG self.OBL-DAT meat give:PFV-AOR-ATR shepherd-ERG
Translation: the shepherd to whom I gave the meat
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ???sune-la baˤʜ ark-ib-i qali
Glosses: self.OBL-GEN wall turn.into.ruin:PFV-AOR-ATR house
Translation: the house whose wall crashed down
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ʁarʁu-be ar-d-ik-ib sa‹r›i*(꞊jal) d-uʔ-ub-i merʔ-ani-če-la
Glosses: stone-PL PV-NPL-fall:PFV-AOR self‹CL›(*꞊EMPH) NPL-be-AOR-ATR place-PL-SUPER-EL
Translation: The stones rolled from their own places.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: nu-ni (*sune-la) weˤʡi-ze g-ib-i mažar b-oˤrʡ-oˤb
Glosses: I-ERG self.OBL-GEN master-INTER(LAT) give:PFV-AOR-ATR gun N-break:PFV-AOR
Translation: The gun that I returned to its owner broke.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ʔudidi-li ħark'ʷ-li ar-χ-uwe gʷa !
Glosses: under.EL-ATR river-ERG away-bring:IPFV-CVB.IPFV ASRT
Translation: The river carries away the one who is downstream!' (Molla Rasbaddin
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: hel čudu gʷa di-la .
Glosses: this chudu ASRT I.OBL-GEN
Translation: This chudu (a kind of pie) is mine.
Language: Udi (English translation)
Transcription: jan꞊al tːe χalg-aun mand-i χalg꞊jan .
Glosses: we꞊ADD that nation-ABL remain-AOR(PTCP) nation꞊1PL
Translation: We are the nation that continues (lit. remains from) that nation.
Language: Udi (English translation)
Transcription: me äš-urχo lap mat mand-e꞊jan .
Glosses: this affair-PL(DAT) very surprised remain-PRF꞊1PL
Translation: We really remained surprised at these facts.
Language: Udi (English translation)
Transcription: pajiz-e dirij-a꞊jan kašˤ-e .
Glosses: autumn-DAT vegetable.garden-DAT꞊1PL dig-LV:PRS
Translation: In autumn, we dig in the vegetable garden.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ʁača ħa-la aħin , di-la le-b .
Glosses: calf you.sg.OBL-GEN be:NEG I.OBL-GEN be-N
Translation: The calf is not yours, (it) is mine.' (A blind judge: 1.11)
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: arci-ze-b le-b-re ħa-la daˤʜ-la surat .
Glosses: money-INTER-N(ESS) be-N-PST you.sg.OBL-GEN face-GEN picture
Translation: On the coin (lit., money), there was a picture of your face.' (The
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: xunuj-s ruzi ħa-d-ig-es d-aʔ-i-le le-r .
Glosses: wife.OBL-DAT sister NEG-F1-love:IPFV-INF F1-start:PFV-AOR-CVB AUX-F
Translation: The wife disliked (her husband's) sister.' (A brother and sister: 1.6)
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: wallahi , k'as le-b q'-oˤwe
Glosses: Allah big.fish AUX-N go:IPFV-CVB.IPFV
Translation: My God, a whale is going (here).' (Two sons: 1.65)
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: doˤʜi ar-b-ik-ib *gʷa .
Glosses: snow PV-N-fall:PFV-AOR ASRT
Translation: The snow fell.
Language: Southwestern Dargwa (English translation)
Transcription: mator b-uz-an *gʷa .
Glosses: engine N-work:IPFV-HAB ASRT
Translation: The engine works.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: dag it derbenti-ze-la w-ak'-i-le le-w-le gʷa .
Glosses: yesterday that Derbent-INTER-EL M-come:PFV-AOR-CVB AUX-M-CVB ASRT
Translation: Yesterday he came from Derbent.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: nuša-jni gʷa kulubi-s remont b-aq'-i-le
Glosses: we-ERG ASRT club-DAT renovation N-do:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: It was us who made the renovation for the club.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: nuša-jni kulubi-s gʷa remont b-aq'-i-le
Glosses: we-ERG club-DAT ASRT renovation N-do:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: It was the club for which we made the renovation.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: qʷe b-iq'-uwe gʷa , ħu ħa-k-i-le ħa-wʔ-iša .
Glosses: vow N-do:IPFV-CVB.IPFV:IPFV ASRT you.sg NEG-bring:PFV-AOR-CVB NEG-M.be-FUT.EGO
Translation: I swear I will take you (as a wife).' (Widow)
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: durʡa uh-ub-i-li derqʷ uh-ub-i-s ca dus-li quli-w w-at-ul-le uz-es gʷa .
Glosses: lose M.LV:PFV-AOR-ATR-ERG winning M.become:PFV-AOR-ATR-DAT one year-ERG house.ESS-M(ESS) M-put:IPFV-PTCP-ADVZ M.work:IPFV-INF ASRT
Translation: The one who will lose will work as a servant for the one who will win,
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ħad hete ħunt'a-l qul-le-šu uˤq'-es gʷa .
Glosses: you.sg.DAT there(LAT) red-ATR house-PL-AD(LAT) M.go:PFV-INF ASRT
Translation: You should go there, to the red houses.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: *musa-ni poˤroˤm b-oˤrʡ-aq-ib-i gʷa .
Glosses: Musa-ERG glass N-break:PFV-CAUS-AOR-ATR ASRT
Translation: (`Musa broke the glass.')
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: maħmud-ini gʷa b-ilt'-uwe heš surat .
Glosses: Mahmud-ERG ASRT N-take.out:IPFV-CVB.IPFV that picture
Translation: It was Mahmud who is drawing that picture.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: rasuj-ni gʷa nu k-es .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG ASRT I bring:PFV-INF
Translation: It is Rasul who will bring me here.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: musa-ni gʷa poˤroˤm b-oˤrʡ-aq-ib-i .
Glosses: Musa-ERG ASRT glass N-break:PFV-CAUS-AOR-ATR
Translation: It was Musa who broke the glass.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: išbari gʷa nuni praznik b-aq'-ib-i / b-aq'-i-le .
Glosses: today ASRT I.ERG feast N-do:PFV-AOR-ATR / N-do:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: It was today that I organized the feast.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: it q'aˤju gʷa w-aš-uwe .
Glosses: that slowly ASRT M-go:IPFV-CVB.IPFV
Translation: He is moving SLOWLY.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: musa rasuj-šu quli w-ak'-ib-i-jaʁe gʷa χamis g-ub-le .
Glosses: Musa Rasul.OBL-AD(LAT) house.ESS(LAT) M-come:PFV-AOR-ATR-ANTE ASRT Khamis see:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: After MUSA'S COMING TO RASUL, he saw Khamis.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: heč' dubur-li-če aqu-r gʷa dirigʷ хaʔ d-uh-ub-le .
Glosses: that mountain-OBL-SUPER upper-NPL(ESS) ASRT cloud appear NPL-become:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: It is over that mountain that the cloud appeared.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ħunt'a-l burχa-li-če-r gʷa ʁarʁ-ube .
Glosses: red-ATR roof-OBL-SUPER-NPL(ESS) ASRT stone-PL
Translation: There are stones on the RED roof.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: heš ʁʷet'i-če-r gʷa d-aq-il inc-be d-urh-uwe .
Glosses: that tree-SUPER-NPL(ESS) ASRT NPL-much-ATR apple-PL NPL-become:IPFV-CVB.IPFV
Translation: There are many apples growing on THAT tree.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: har-il urši-li-s gʷa midal g-i-le .
Glosses: each-ATR boy-OBL-DAT ASRT medal give:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: He gave a medal to EACH boy.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ħunt'aj-če-r gʷa burχa-li-če-r ʁarʁ-ube .
Glosses: red.OBL-SUPER-NPL(ESS) ASRT roof-OBL-SUPER-NPL(ESS) stone-PL
Translation: There are stones on the RED roof.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: b-urq'-il gʷa bartbisu iχ-ini ħa-s-i-le .
Glosses: N-old-ATR ASRT carpet that-ERG NEG-take:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: He did not buy the OLD carpet.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: *rasuj-ni꞊ra gʷa nu-ni꞊ra past'an b-erʁ-u-le .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG꞊ADD ASRT I-ERG꞊ADD vegetable.garden N-dig:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: (`RASUL and I digged the vegetable garden.')
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: b-urq'-il bartbisu b-ic-i-le gʷa , d-aq-il arc d-aq'-i-le .
Glosses: N-old-ATR carpet N-sell:PFV-AOR-CVB ASRT NPL-much-ATR money NPL-do:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: After selling THE OLD CARPET, he got much money.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: musa kaš d-uk-uwe gʷa .
Glosses: Musa kasha NPL-eat:IPFV-CVB.IPFV ASRT
Translation: Musa is eating kasha.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: musa gʷa kaš d-uk-uwe .
Glosses: Musa ASRT kasha NPL-eat:IPFV-CVB.IPFV
Translation: It is Musa who is eating kasha.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: *musa kaš gʷa d-uk-uwe .
Glosses: Musa kasha ASRT NPL-eat:IPFV-CVB.IPFV
Translation: Intended `It is kasha that Musa is eating.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: χadižat-ini꞊ra gʷa heš kung b-elč-u-we .
Glosses: Khadizhat-ERG꞊ADD ASRT that book N-read:PFV-AOR-CVB
Translation: Even Khadizhat has read that book.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: išbari meħʷe-b beʁ .
Glosses: today in.Mehweb-N(ESS) wedding
Translation: There is a wedding in Mehweb today.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ʁuni-b gʷa muzej !
Glosses: in.Gunib-N(ESS) ASRT museum
Translation: There is a museum in Gunib!
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: išbari meħʷe-b beʁ gʷa !
Glosses: today in.Mehweb-N(ESS) wedding ASRT
Translation: There is wedding in Mehweb today!
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: pat'imat-la q'ʷaˤl gʷa !
Glosses: Patimat-GEN cow ASRT
Translation: Patimat has a cow!
Language: Megeb ( translation)
Transcription: meħʷe (le-b-le) gʷa !
Glosses: in.Mehweb be-N-CVB ASRT
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: musa ʁuni-w gʷa .
Glosses: Musa in.Gunib-M(ESS) ASRT
Translation: Musa is in Gunib.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: heš-di hum-be gʷa ʜaˤb dek'ar-i .
Glosses: that-PL road-PL ASRT three different-ATR
Translation: These roads are three different (roads).' (Two sons)
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: ħa-la k'unk'ul-li-ʔini b-aq'-ib-il k'unk'ur gʷa iš .
Glosses: you.sg.OBL-GEN cauldron-ERG N-do:PFV-AOR-ATR cauldron ASRT that
Translation: This (cauldron) is the cauldron originating from (lit., made by) your
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: rasuj-ni [heš gʷa] b-aq'-ib-i qali .
Glosses: Rasul.OBL-ERG that ASRT N-do:PFV-AOR-ATR house
Translation: The house that Rasul built is that one.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: it učitel aħi-je gʷa .
Glosses: that teacher be:NEG-CVB ASRT
Translation: He is not a teacher!
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: šamil gʷa sune-s-al weˤʡ .
Glosses: Shamil ASRT self.OBL-DAT-EMPH master
Translation: Shamil is a boss of himself.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: har insan gʷa sune-s-al uħna-w rasul ħamzatow
Glosses: every person ASRT self.OBL-DAT-EMPH M.inside-M(ESS) Rasul Gamzatov . 
Translation: Everyone is Rasul Gamzatov (a famous Daghestanian writer) deep inside.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: anwar meħʷe-ja uškuj-ħe-w gʷa učitel .
Glosses: Anwar in.Mehweb-GEN school.OBL-IN-M(ESS) ASRT teacher
Translation: Anwar is a teacher at the Mehweb school.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: šamil učitel . – aħin ! šamil gʷa dalaj uk'-an-či !
Glosses: Shamil teacher _ be:NEG Shamil ASRT song M.say:IPFV-HAB-AG
Translation: Shamil is a teacher. – No! Shamil is a singer!
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: meħʷe-la χʷalajli či-ja ? – meħʷe-la χʷalajli gʷa israpil .
Glosses: in.Mehweb-GEN chief who-Q _ in.Mehweb-GEN chief ASRT Israpil
Translation: Who is the head of Mehweb? – The head of Mehweb is Israpil.
Language: Megeb (English translation)
Transcription: israpil či-ja ? – israpil gʷa meħʷe-la χʷalajli .
Glosses: Israpil who-Q _ Israpil ASRT in.Mehweb-GEN chief
Translation: Who is Israpil? – Israpil is the head of Mehweb.
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kí mã̀ glã́
Glosses: PRO.OBJ PRO-2SG please
Translation: It will please you
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kí mã́ glã́
Glosses: PRO.OBJ PRO-2SG like
Translation: Did it please you?
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kī mã̄ glã̀
Glosses: PRO.OBJ PRO-2SG like
Translation: Make it please you!
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: ā .jlē-ʔè
Glosses: mirror-CM5
Translation: mirror
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: ã̄.gō-lò
Glosses: mount-CM3
Translation: mount
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: pì-ɔ̀
Glosses: child-CM1
Translation: child
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kā .fū-ō
Glosses: sweat-CM5
Translation: sweat
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: hí-ʔí
Glosses: feather-CM5
Translation: feather
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: hú-ʔú
Glosses: thorn-CM5
Translation: thorn
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: lōː-rō
Glosses: mango-CM6
Translation: mangoes
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kāː-lā
Glosses: problem-CM3'
Translation: problem
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: pĩ̀ː-rĩ̀
Glosses: tam-tam-CM6
Translation: tam-tams
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: pũ̄ː-lũ̄
Glosses: dog-CM2
Translation: dogs
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: pìː-lì
Glosses: child-CM2
Translation: children
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kmɔ̃́.ʔɔ̃́-lɔ̃̄
Glosses: fireplace-CM3
Translation: fireplace
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: lā .gmã̄.mũ̄
Glosses: belly-kind-CM7
Translation: kindness
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kpɛ̃̄-mũ̀
Glosses: daylight-CM7
Translation: daylight
Language: Tagwana Senoufo ( translation)
Transcription: lāgbã̄-mũ̄
Glosses: anger-CM7
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: n̄.ɉlē-ʔē
Glosses: wall-CM5
Translation: wall
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: ŋ́.glɛ̰́3
Glosses: pestle
Translation: pestle
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: pìɔ̀ + plɔ̀ → pìɔ̀.plɔ̀-ʔɔ̀ *(pìɔ̀.pɔ̀-ʔɔ̀)
Glosses: child _ bamboo _ _ _
Translation: child’s bamboo
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: tō + krɔ → tō .krɔ̀-ʔɔ̀
Glosses: father _ car _ _
Translation: father’s car
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kí wí ɲã̀ → kú ɲã̀
Glosses: PRO1.3SG PRO3.3SG see _ _ _
Translation: it has seen him
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: tí wí ɲã̀ → tú ɲã̀
Glosses: PRO1.3PL PRO3.3SG see _ _ _
Translation: they have seen him
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: lí wí ɲã̀ → lú ɲã̀
Glosses: PRO2.3SG PRO3.3SG see _ _ _
Translation: it has seen him
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: pí wí ɲã̀ → pú ɲã̀
Glosses: PRO4.3SG PRO3.3SG see _ _ _
Translation: they have seen him
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: pé wí ɲã̀ → pó ɲã̀
Glosses: PRO3.3PL PRO3.3SG see _ _ _
Translation: they have seen him
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: ké wí ɲã̀ → kó ɲã̀
Glosses: PRO3.3SG PRO3.3SG see _ _ _
Translation: they have seen him
Language: Tagwana Senoufo (English translation)
Transcription: kũ̀.ŋũ̀ + tí .gí → kũ̀.dì-ʔì
Glosses: `head' _ `owner' _ person.in.charge-CM5
Translation: person in charge
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: /bú=tí=bu k͡pá/ [bútíbu k͡pá] (67
Glosses: CL.SG=tree=CL.SG kill [bútíbə k͡pá] (33
Translation: tree kills
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: /kú=dá=gu k͡pá/ [kúdágu k͡pá] (67
Glosses: CL.SG=wood=CL.SG kill [kúdágə k͡pá] (33
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: /mí=ɟe=má pwá/ [míɟem pwá] (67
Glosses: CL.SG=food=CL.SG hit [míɟemə́ pwá] (33
Translation: food hits
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: /mí=ɟe=má k͡pá/ [míɟemə́ k͡pá] (88
Glosses: CL.SG=food=CL.SG kill [míɟem k͡pá] (12
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: àw̃â éjɪ̀n
Glosses: cat child
Translation: the child’s cat
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ḿ-↓má ń-nɔ̀ àw̃â íják
Glosses: 1SG-PAST.AUX 1SG-give cat fish
Translation: I gave the cat a fish.
Language: Akoose (English translation)
Transcription: [ngù: èdélé]
Glosses: nguu edélé
Translation: the pig is heavy
Language: Akoose (English translation)
Transcription: [ngù: édélé]
Glosses: nguu édélé
Translation: the pigs are heavy
Language: Nafara ( translation)
Transcription: mango sweet-DEF .3 .PL DEM .3 .PL seven
Glosses: N Adj-D Dem Num
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: lo-gəl
Glosses: mango-DEF.3.PL
Translation: the mangoes
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: gəl lo
Glosses: DEF.3.PL mango
Translation: the mangoes
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: lo [(dɛl) tã / tã (tɛl) ]-gəl
Glosses: mango [(very) sweet / sweet (very) ]-DEF.3.PL
Translation: the very sweet mangoes
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: pɔm tã-bɛl bal
Glosses: apple sweet-DEF.1.PL DEM.1.PL
Translation: these sweet apples
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: pɔm bal tã-bɛl
Glosses: apple DEM.1.PL sweet-DEF.1.PL
Translation: these sweet apples
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: pɔm-u nuã
Glosses: apple-DEF.1.SG one.1
Translation: the one apple
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: ʧi-g nuŋgɔ
Glosses: tree-DEF.2.SG one.2
Translation: the one tree
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: lo-n nunã
Glosses: mango-DEF.3.SG one.3
Translation: the one mango
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: pɔm-u kɔrʃi
Glosses: apple-DEF.1.PL seven
Translation: the seven apples
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: ʧi-i kɔrʃi
Glosses: tree-DEF.2.PL seven
Translation: the seven trees
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: lo-gel kɔrʃi
Glosses: mango-DEF.3.PL seven
Translation: the seven mangoes
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: lo tã-gəl
Glosses: mango sweet-DEF.3.PL
Translation: the sweet mangoes
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: tã lo-gəl
Glosses: sweet mango-DEF.3.PL
Translation: the sweet mangoes
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: tã-gəl lo
Glosses: sweet-DEF.3.PL mango
Translation: the sweet mangoes
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: kodivware ʃju-u
Glosses: Ivorian man-DEF.3.SG
Translation: the Ivorian man
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: ʃju-u kodivware
Glosses: man-DEF.1.SG Ivorian
Translation: the Ivorian man
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: ʃju kodivware-u
Glosses: man Ivorian-DEF.1.SG
Translation: the Ivorian man
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: kodivware-u ʃju
Glosses: Ivorian-DEF.1.SG man
Translation: the Ivorian man
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: pɔm tã ʧɛ ɲe-bɛl
Glosses: apple sweet good red-DEF.1.PL
Translation: the sweet good red apples
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: pɔm ʧɛ tã ɲe-bɛl
Glosses: apple good sweet red-DEF.1.PL
Translation: the sweet good red apples
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: pɔm ʧɛ ɲe tã-bɛl
Glosses: apple good red sweet-DEF.1.PL
Translation: the sweet good red apples
Language: Nafara (English translation)
Transcription: pɔm ɲe tã ʧɛ-bɛl
Glosses: apple red sweet good-DEF.1.PL
Translation: the sweet good red apples
Language: Nafara ( translation)
Transcription: Ivorian mango good sweet-DEF .3 .PL DEM .3 .PL seven
Glosses: Ahigh N Alow Alow-D Dem Num
Language: Nafara ( translation)
Transcription: lo tã-gəl gal kɔrʃi
Glosses: mango sweet-DEF.3.PL DEM.3.PL seven
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ú-nó-dw-à Néó è-tí á-téng-é lórì
Glosses: SM.c1-PRS-tell-fv Neo SM.c1-that SM.c1-buy-SBJV c9.car
Translation: He/she is telling Neo that she should buy a car/to buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: íbò b-á-dw-á Nchídzì bè-tí á-tèng-è lórì
Glosses: PRN.c2 SM.c2-PST1-tell-fv Nchidzi SM.c2-that SM.c1-buy-SBJV c9.car
Translation: They (pl) told Nchidzi that he should buy a car/to buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: nd-ó-dw-à Néó ndì-tí á-tèng-è lórì
Glosses: SM.c1.1st-PRS-tell-fv Neo SM.c1.1st-that SM.c1-buy-SBJV c9.car
Translation: I am telling Neo to buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ìswì t-à-dw-á Nchídzì tì-tí á-tèng-è lórì
Glosses: PRN.c2.1st SM.c2.1st-PST1-tell-fv Nchidzi SM.c2.1st-that SM.c1-buy-SBJV c9.car
Translation: We told Nchidzi that he should buy a car/to buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: mpání w-áká-dw-à nsú ú-kàtì ú-ízèl-é
Glosses: mophane.c3 SM.c3-PST2-tell-fv acacia-c3 SM.c3-that SM.c3-sleep-SBJV
Translation: The mophane tree told the acacia tree to sleep.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: mipání y-áká-dw-à nsú í-kàtì ú-ízèl-é
Glosses: mophane.c4 SM.c4-PST2-tell-fv acacia-c3 SM.c4-that SM.c3-sleep-SBJV
Translation: The mophane trees told the acacia tree to sleep.' (lit. The mophane trees told the acacia tree that it (the acacia tree) should sleep.)
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Khw-a-ulila khukhwama khu Sammy khu-li/*ali ba-limi ba-a-funa ka-ma-indi .
Glosses: 1PLS-PST-hear from LOC 1Sammy 1PL-that 2-farmers 2S-PST-harvest 6-6-maize
Translation: We heard from Sammy that the farmers harvested the maize.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: nd-à-tí Néó w-á-téng-à lórì
Glosses: SM.c1.1st-PST1-say Neo SM.c1-PST1-buy-fv c9.car . 
Translation: I said that Neo has bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ù-kà-tì Nchídzì w-á-énd-à
Glosses: SM.c1.2nd-PRS-say Nchidzi SM.c1-PST1-go-fv
Translation: You say/are saying Nchidzi is gone/has left.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: à-kà-tì Nchídzì w-á-énd-à
Glosses: SM.c1-PRS-say Nchidzi SM.c1-PST-go-fv
Translation: He says/is saying Nchidzi is gone/has left.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nòò-tì b-àná bá-zh-è .
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-FUT-say c2-child SM.c2-come-SBJV
Translation: Neo will say (that) the children should come.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Edgar w-ákà-dw-à Bill à-kà-tì á-tí Mary ú-noò-n-dá
Glosses: Edgar SM.c1-PST2-tell-fv Bill SM.c1-PST2-that SM.c1-say Mary SM.c1-PRS-OM.c1-love
Translation: Edgar told Bill to say that Mary loved him.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-leb-a (à)-kà-ti Nchidzi w-ákà-téng-á lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-say-fv SM.c1-PST2-that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car
Translation: Neo said it that Nchidzi had bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: bo-Nchidzi ba-no-zwi-tham-a se-u-nga-ti ba-no-lil-a
Glosses: &-Nchidzi SM.c2-PRS-RFM-make-fv as-SM.c1-as-that SM.c2-PRS-cry-fv
Translation: Nchidzi and others are pretending to be crying.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Maria w-ákà-dw-a Nchídzì (á)-kà-tì á-bík-è
Glosses: Maria SM.c1-PST2-tell-fv Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-that SM.c1-cook-SBJV
Translation: Maria told Nchidzi that he should cook.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: bo-Maria b-ákà-dw-à Nchídzì bá-kà-tì á-bík-è
Glosses: &-Maria SM.c2-PST2-tell-fv Nchidzi SM.c2-PST2-that SM.c1-cook-SBJV
Translation: Maria and others told Nchidzi that he should cook.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-á-zwí-bùzw-à (á)-kà-tì à Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST1-RFM-ask-fv SM.c1-PST2-that Q-part Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car
Translation: Neo wondered whether Nchidzi had bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nò-zwí-bùzw-à (á)-kà-tì à Nchídzì w-á-kà-téng-á lórì
Glosses: Neo SM-c1-PRS-RFM-ask-fv SM.c1-PST2-that Q-part Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy car
Translation: Neo wonders whether Nchidzi had bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nòò-zwí-bùzw-à kuti à Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì tshwá
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-FUT-RFM-ask-fv that Q-part Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car new
Translation: Neo will wonder whether Nchidzi bought a new car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: (ìmì) nd-àká-dw-à Nchídzì ndí-kà-tì á-téng-é lórì .
Glosses: I SM.c1.1st-PST2-tell-fv Nchidzi SM.c1.1st-PST2-that SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: I told Nchidzi that he should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: (ìmì) nd-àká-dw-íw-à kù-yí Mary à-á-tó-ndí-d-á
Glosses: I SM.c1.1st-PST2-tell-PASS-fv SM.c1.1st-that Mary NEG-SM.c1-PST1-OM.c1.1st-like-fv
Translation: I was told that Mary did not like me.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ìmì nd-àká-dw-íw-à ndì-yí Mary à-á-tó-ndí-d-á
Glosses: I SM.c1.1st-PST2-tell-PASS-fv SM.c1.1st-that Mary NEG-SM.c1-PST1-OM.c1.1st-like-fv
Translation: I was told that Mary did not like me.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nò-èmùl-à kù-búdz-íw-á kùyí/kùtí á-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PRS-wish-fv INF-tell-PASS-fv that SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo wishes to be told to buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nò-èmùl-à kù-búdz-íw-á è-yí á-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PRS-wish-fv INF-tell-PASS-fv SM.c1-that SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo wishes to be told to buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nò-dùm-à kùyí/kùtì Nchídzì w-ákà-bál-á búkà
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PRS-believe-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-read-fv book.c9
Translation: Neo believes that Nchidzi read a book.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ku-ó-dùm-ìw-à kùyí/kùtì Nchídzì w-ákà-bál-á búkà
Glosses: SM.c17-PRS-believe-PASS-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-read-fv book.c9
Translation: It is believed that Nchidzi read a book.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó wá-kà-bé-è-shák-à kù-dw-á bàìsáná è-tí bá-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-AUX-SM.c1-want-fv INF-tell-fv c2.boys SM.c1-that SM.c2-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo wanted to tell the boys that they should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: nsèkísì w-ákà-súp-à kùtì Nchídzì w-ákà-kwíb-á márí
Glosses: prosecutor.1 SM.c1-PST2-prove-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-steal-fv c6.money
Translation: The prosecutor proved that Nchidzi stole the money.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ku-ákà-súp-íw-à kùtì/kùyí Nchídzì w-ákà-kwíb-á márí
Glosses: c17-PST2-prove-PASS-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-steal-fv c6.money
Translation: It was proved that Nchidzi stole money.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: kùtì Nchídzì w-ákà-kwíb-á márí kw-ákà-súp-íw-à né nsèkísì
Glosses: That Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-steal-fv c6.money c17-PST2-prove-PASS-fv by prosecutor
Translation: That Nchidzi stole the money was proved by the prosecutor.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ku-ákà-yì Nchídzì à-á-pò
Glosses: SM.c17-PST2-say.PASS Nchidzi Neg-SM.c1-there
Translation: It was said that Nchidzi was not there.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: kó-ò-yì Nchídzì á-tèng-è lórì tshwá
Glosses: SM.c17-FUT-say.PASS Nchidzi SM.c1-buy-SBJV car new
Translation: It will be said that Nchdizi should buy a new car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-dw-iw–á á-ká-yì á-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-tell-PASS-fv SM.c1-PST2-that SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo was told to buy a car/Neo was told that she should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nòò-chénám-à kù-yí á-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-FUT-surprised-fv INF-say.PASS SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo will be surprised to be told that she should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nòò-gwádzík-à kù-yí á-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-FUT-hurt-fv INF-say.PASS SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo will be hurt to be told that she should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nòò-sháth-á kù-yí á-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-FUT-happy-fv INF-say.PASS SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo will be happy to be told that she should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nòò-d-á kù-yí á-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-FUT-happy-fv INF-say.PASS SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo will be happy to be told that she should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó ú-nòò-chénám-à è-yí á-tèng-é lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-FUT-surprise-fv SM.c1-say.PASS SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo will be surprised to be told that she should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-wh-á kùtì/kùyí Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì tshwá
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-hear-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car new
Translation: Neo heard that Nchidzi had bought a new car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-wh-á kùyí Nchídzì w-ákà–téng-á lórì ndí John
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-hear-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car by John
Translation: Neo heard from John that Nchidzi had bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-dúm-à kùyí Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì tshwá
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-agree-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car new
Translation: Neo agreed that Nchidzi had bought a new car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ìngwì m-ó-lándùl-à kùyí Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì tshwá
Glosses: You.pl SM.c2-PRS-refute-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car new
Translation: You (PL) refute that Nchidzi has bought a new car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-zwí-bùzw-à (à)-kà-tì à Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì tshwa
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-RFM-ask-fv SM.c1-PST2-that Q-part Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car new
Translation: Neo wondered whether Nchidzi had bought a new car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-zwí-bùzw-à kùtì à Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì tshwá
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-RFM-ask-fv that Q-part Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car new
Translation: Neo wondered whether Nchidzi had bought a new car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-zwí-bùzw-à kùtì Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì tshwá
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-RFM-ask-fv that Nchidzi c1-PST2-buy-fv car new
Translation: Neo wondered whether Nchidzi had bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-búzw-ìw-á kùyí à Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-ask-PASS-fv that Q-part Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car
Translation: Neo was asked whether Nchidzi had bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó à-á-zò-dw-à Nchídzì á-kà-tì á-tèng-è lórì
Glosses: Neo NEG-SM.c1-NEG.PST-tell-fv Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-that SM.cl-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo did not tell Nchidzi that he should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó à-á-zò-dw-à Nchídzì è-tí á-tèng-è lórì
Glosses: Neo NEG-SM.c1-NEG.PST-tell-fv Nchidzi SM.c1-that SM.cl-buy-SBJV car
Translation: Neo did not tell Nchidzi that he should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: (ìwè) à-ú-zò-dw-à Nchídzì ú-tí á-tèng-è lórì
Glosses: You NEG-SM.c1.2nd-NEG.PST-tell-fv Nchidzi SM.c1.2nd-that SM.c1-buy-SBJV car
Translation: You did not tell Nchidzi that he should buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: (ìwè) ù-nó-léb-á ù-kà-tì Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì
Glosses: you SM.c1.2nd-PRS-say-fv SM.c1.2nd-PRS-that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car
Translation: You are saying that Nchidzi bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Neo w-aka-tem-a miti , ka kubunganya maswazwi , ka a-pisa
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-cut-fv c4.tree CONS gather c6.branches CONS OM.c6-burn
Translation: Neo cut the trees, gathered together the branches and burned them.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Ingwi m-aka-tem-a miti , mu-ka kubunganya maswazwi , mu-ka-a-pis-a
Glosses: PRNc2.2nd SM.c2.2nd-PST2-cut-fv c4.tree SM.c2-CONS gather c6.branches SM.c2.2nd-CONS-OM.c6-burn-fv
Translation: The men cut the trees, gathered together the branches and burned them.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-dúm-à (à)-kà-tì Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-agree/concede-fv SM.c1-PST2-that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car
Translation: Neo conceded that Nchidzi had bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-lándúl-à (à)-kà-tì Nchídzì à-á-zò-téng-á lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-disagree-fv SM.c1-PST2-that Nchidzi NEG-SM.c1-PRS-buy-fv car
Translation: Neo disagreed (saying?) that Nchidzi has not bought a new car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: nd-àká-kú-búdz-à ndì-tí ú-tèng-è lórì
Glosses: SM.c1.1st-PST2-OM.c1.2nd-tell-fv SM.c1.1st-that SM.c1.2nd-buy-SBJV car
Translation: I told you to buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-léb-á kùtì Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì tshwá
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-tell-fv that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car new
Translation: Neo said that Nchidzi bought a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: (ìmì) nd-àká-kú-búdz-à kùti/hà-tì ú-tèng-è lórì
Glosses: I SM.c1.1st-PST2-OM.c1.2nd-tell-fv that/SM.c1.1st-that SM.c1.2nd-buy-SBJV car
Translation: I told you to buy a car.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: kùtì bàthù bà-njínjí à-bá-tó-thòph-à kw-áká-dúmí-gw-àn-à
Glosses: that c2.people c2.Agr-many NEG-SM.c2-NEG.PRS-vote-fv SM.c17-PST2-agree-PASS-RCM-fv
Translation: That many people don't vote was agreed on.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: (Ese) n-a-bol-el-a Nelsoni n-di ba-keni ba-a-ch-a
Glosses: I SM.c1.1st-PST1-say-APPL-fv c1.Nelson SM.c1.1st-that c2-guests SM.c2-PST1-go-fv
Translation: I told Nelson that the guests left.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Sammy ka-bol-el-w-a a-li ba-keni b-ol-a
Glosses: c1.Sammy SM.c1-say-APPL-PASS-fv c1-that 2-guests SM.c2-arrive-fv
Translation: Sammy was told that the guests arrived.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Yohani mo-a-sirisya-buki-a a-ba-kolho a-ti ba-lue ba e-ri-som-a e-chapitre 2
Glosses: John mo-SM.c1-FUT-remind-fv IV-c2-student SM.c1-COMP SM.c2-AUX c2.LK IV-INF-read-fv IV-chapter 2
Translation: John reminded the students that they should read chapter 2.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: a-ba-kolho mo-ba-sirisya-buk-i-bu-a ambu ba-lue ba e-ri-som-a e-chapitre 2
Glosses: IV-c2-student mo-SM.c2-FUT-remember-CAUS-PASS-fv COMP SM.c2-AUX c2.LK IV-INF-read-fv IV-chapter 2
Translation: The students were reminded that they should read chapter 2.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: ba-isana b-aka-buzw-is-a Neo mme-abe kuti kene b-aka-teng-a ma-bisi .
Glosses: c2-boys SM.c2-PST2-ask-CAUS-fv Neo mother-hers that whether SM.c2a-PST2-buy-fv c6-melons
Translation: The boys made Neo ask her mother whether they had bought watermelons.
Language: Ikalanga (English translation)
Transcription: Néó w-ákà-léb-á chósèlélè (à)-kà-tì Nchídzì w-ákà-téng-á lórì
Glosses: Neo SM.c1-PST2-say-fv indeed SM.c1-PST2-that Nchidzi SM.c1-PST2-buy-fv car
Translation: Neo said it definitely that Nchidzi had bought a new car.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Dem-na-∅ Ndar .
Glosses: go-C-SCL.3SG Saint-Louis
Translation: He left for Saint-Louis (and is still there).
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Dem-oon-na-∅ Ndar .
Glosses: go-PST-C-SCL.3SG Saint-Louis
Translation: He had left for Saint-Louis (and has since come
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Tiit-na-a .
Glosses: afraid-C-SCL.1SG
Translation: I am afraid.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Tiit-óon-na-a .
Glosses: afraid-PST-C-SCL.1SG
Translation: I was afraid (but I am not now).
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Baax-na-∅.
Glosses: good-C-SCL.3SG
Translation: It is good.'/ ^#`It was good.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Da-ma mer .
Glosses: do.C-SCL.1SG angry
Translation: I am angry.'/ ^#`I was angry.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Xale yi lekk-na-ñu ceeb .
Glosses: child the.PL eat-C-SCL.3PL rice
Translation: The children ate rice.'/ ^#`The children are eating
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Musaa dem-na-∅.
Glosses: Moussa leave-C-SCL.3SG
Translation: Moussa left.'/ ^#`Moussa is leaving.
Language: Wolof ( translation)
Transcription: Musaa fécc-na-∅.
Glosses: Moussa dance-C-SCL.3SG
Language: Wolof ( translation)
Transcription: Di-na-a toog ceeb-u-jën .
Glosses: IMPF-C-SCL.1SG cook rice-GEN-fish
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Baax-oon-na-∅.
Glosses: good-PST-C-SCL.3SG
Translation: It was good.'/ ^#`It's good.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Xale yi lekk-oon-na-ñu ceeb .
Glosses: child the.PL eat-PST-C-SCL.3PL rice
Translation: The children ate rice.'/ ^#`The children are eating
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Musaa xaru(-woon)-na-∅ ayubés bi weesu .
Glosses: Moussa kill.oneself(-PST)-C-SCL.3SG week C past
Translation: Moussa killed himself last week.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Lan nga gis bi nga xool-e neeg bi ?
Glosses: what C.SCL.2SG see when SCL.2SG look.at-ANT room the.SG
Translation: What did you see when you looked at the room?
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Làmp bi tàkk-oon-na-∅. Am-oon-na-∅ benn téeré bu ubbeeku si kaw taabal bi .
Glosses: lamp the.SG be.alight-PST-C-SCL.3SG . have-PST-C-SCL.3SG one book C be.open on top table the.SG
Translation: The light was on. There was an open book on the table.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Téeré wolof la-∅ (woon).
Glosses: book Wolof C-SCL.3SG (PST).
Translation: It was/is in Wolof.
Language: Wolof ( translation)
Transcription: Colombo féeñal(-oon)-na-∅ Amerik .
Glosses: Columbus find-(PST)-C-SCL.3SG America
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Sama lunettes réer(-oon)-na-∅-ma , waye gis(-oon)-na-a-ko .
Glosses: POSS.1SG glasses lose(-PST)-C-SCL.3SG-OCL.1SG but see(-PST)-C-SCL.1SG-OCL.3SG
Translation: I lost my glasses, but I found them.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Su-ma ragal-oon rabi , di-na-a tiit léegi .
Glosses: if-SCL.1SG be.afraid.of-PST spirit, IMPF-C-SCL.1SG be.afraid now
Translation: If I was afraid of spirits, I would be afraid now.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Colombo daf-a-∅ féñaal-oon Amerik .
Glosses: Columbus do-C-SCL.3SG discover-PST America
Translation: Columbus DISCOVERED America
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Musaa jënd(-oon)-na-∅ oto bu bees démb
Glosses: Moussa buy-PST-C-SCL.3SG car C new yesterday . 
Translation: Moussa bought a new car yesterday.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Xale yi lekk-oon-na-ñu jën .
Glosses: child the.PL eat-PST-C-SCL.3PL fish
Translation: The children ate fish.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Xale yi lekk-u(l)-∅-ñu woon jën .
Glosses: child the.PL eat-NEG-C-SCL.3PL PST fish
Translation: The children didn't eat fish.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Kan-ati-woon la-ñu dóor ?
Glosses: who-again-PST C-SCL.3PL hit
Translation: Who did they hit again?
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o njaaƈ onqe ɓog-u-ir-k-at-ir-an
Glosses: CL child CLDEF wash-REF-INST-IPFV-IT-NEG-3OBJ
Translation: The child will not wash him/herself with this again
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: xa caaƈ axe ɓog-u-ir-k-at-ir-an
Glosses: CLPL child CLDEF-PL wash-REF-INST-IPFV-IT-NEG-OBJ
Translation: The children will not wash him/herself with this again
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Faatu a bug-a Maamkoor
Glosses: Faatu 3SG love-PERF Maamkoor
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Awa a diid -lat -a o fes ole
Glosses: Awa 3SG be.scared -CAUS PERF CL young.man CLDEF
Translation: Awa frightened the young man
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Faatu a bet-a o njaaƈ onqe
Glosses: Faatu 3SG surprise-PERF CL child CLDEF
Translation: Faatu surprised the child
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o fes ole a sooɓ a o tew oxe
Glosses: CL young.man CLDEF 3SG miss PERF CL woman CLDEF
Translation: The woman misses the young man
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o tew oxe a and a Maamkoor
Glosses: CL lady CLDEF 3SG know PERF Maamkoor
Translation: The lady knows Mamkoor
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Faatu a jaax -ɗat -a o tew oxe
Glosses: Faatu 3SG be.worried -CAUS PERF CL lady CLDEF
Translation: Faatu made the woman worried
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Faatu a bet a o njaaƈ onqe
Glosses: Faatu 3SG surprise PERF CL child CLDEF
Translation: Faatu suprised the child
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Faatu a weg a o tew oxe
Glosses: Faatu 3SG be.unlucky PERF CL lady CLDEF
Translation: Faatu brought bad luck to the woman
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Awa a fel a o njaaƈ onqe
Glosses: Awa 3SG appeal PERF CL boy CLDET
Translation: Awa appeals to the boy
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Awa a ñaam a maalo fe
Glosses: Awa 3SG eat PERF rice CLDEF
Translation: Awa ate the rice
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: maalo fe a ñaam-eɁ (*Awa)
Glosses: rice CLDEF 3SG eat-PASS Awa
Translation: the rice was eaten
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Awa a diid-lat a o fes ole
Glosses: Awa 3SG be.scared-CAUS PERF CL young.man CLDEF
Translation: Awa frightened the young man
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o fes ole a diid-lat-eɁ
Glosses: CL young.man CLDEF 3SG be.scared-CAUS-PASS
Translation: The young man was frightened
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o njaaƈ onqe a bet-eɁ
Glosses: CL child CL 3SG surprise-PASS
Translation: the child was surprised
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o tew oxe a sooɓ-eɁ
Glosses: CL woman CLDEF 3SG miss-PASS
Translation: The woman was missed' (intended)
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o njaaƈ onqe -a fel -eɁ
Glosses: CL chile CLDEF 3SG appeal.to -PASS
Translation: The child was appealed to' (intended)
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o diid-lat ole no o fes ole
Glosses: CL be.scared-CAUS CLDEF P CL young.man CLDEF
Translation: The frightening of the young man
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o bet ole no o njaaƈ onqe
Glosses: CL surprise CLDEF P CL child CLDEF
Translation: the surprising of the child
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Awa a sooɓ -a o tew oxe
Glosses: Awa 3SG miss PERF CL woman CLDEF
Translation: Awa misses the woman
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o sooɓ ole no no tew oxe
Glosses: CL miss CLDEF P CL woman CLDEF
Translation: The woman being missed' (intended)
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Awa a fel -a o tew oxe
Glosses: Awa 3SG appeal.to PERF CL woman CLDEF
Translation: Awa appeals to the woman
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o fel ole no no tew oxe
Glosses: CL appeal.to CLDEF P CL woman CLDEF
Translation: The woman being appealed to' (intended)
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o pel-el ole no o njaaƈ onqe
Glosses: CL appeal-PASS CLDEF P CL boy CLDEF
Translation: The appealing to the young man' (intended)
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o pel ole no o njaaƈ onqe
Glosses: CL appeal CLDEF P CL boy CLDEF
Translation: The young man being appealed to
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: o ɓox ole a ŋat -a o njaaƈ onqe
Glosses: CL dog CLDEF 3SG bite PERF CL boy CLDEF
Translation: The dog bit the boy
Language: Sereer ( translation)
Transcription: Faatu kaa bet -a -a
Glosses: Faatu IPFV.3SG surprise -ANTIP PERF
Language: Sereer (English translation)
Transcription: Awa kaa fel-a-a
Glosses: Awa IPFV.3SG appeal-ANTIP-PERF
Translation: Awa appealed to' (intended)