lecslab/glosslm-corpus-split huggingface dataset:
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Maša velela Anne [projektu zakončit’sja k Martu].
Glosses: Maša.NOM ordered Anna.DAT project.DAT complete.INF by March
Translation: Intended: ‘Maša ordered Anna for the project to be complete by March.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Anne nado [projektu zakončit’sja k Martu].
Glosses: Anna.DAT necessary project.DAT complete.INF by March
Translation: Intended: ‘For Anna it is necessary for the project to be complete by March.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Maša velela Anne [Pete kupit’ podarki].
Glosses: Maša.NOM ordered Anna.DAT Petja.DAT buy.INF presents
Translation: Maša ordered Anna to buy presents for Petja.’ (‘Petja’ = an embedded beneficiary)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Maša velela ec [PRO spasat’ pand].
Glosses: Maša.NOM ordered   save.INF pandas.ACC
Translation: Maša ordered to save pandas.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ec neobxodimo [PRO spasat’ pand].
Glosses:  necessary  save.INF pandas.ACC
Translation: It is necessary to save pandas.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Načal’nikam nado , čtoby sotrudniki rabotali kak možno bol’še .
Glosses: bosses.DAT necessary so that employees.NOM work.SBJV as much as possible
Translation: For the bosses it is necessary that the employees work as much as possible.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sotrudniki uznali , čto ec nado [ec rabotat’ kak možno bol’še].
Glosses: employees.NOM learned that  necessary  work.INF as much as possible
Translation: (i) ‘The employees learned that for them it is necessary to work as much as possible.’ (ii) ‘… that for the bosses it is necessary to work as much as possible.’ Not available: ‘… that for the bosses it is necessary for them (the employees) to work as much as possible.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: (* Maše) vozmožno vstretit’ znakomyx / čto Anna vstretit znakomyx .
Glosses: Maša.DAT possible meet friends.ACC that Anna.NOM meet.NPST friends.ACC
Translation: It is probable to meet friends/that Anna will meet her friends.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Vozmožno stroitel’stvu zakončit’sja k martu .
Glosses: possible construction.DAT complete.INF by March
Translation: Intended: ‘It is possible that the construction will be complete by March.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Nikto velel Ivanu ne prixodit’.
Glosses: nobody.NOM ordered Ivan.DAT NEG come.INF
Translation: Intended: ‘Nobody ordered Ivan not to come.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Dlja nikogo nužno ne prixodit’.
Glosses: for nobody.GEN necessary NEG come.INF
Translation: Intended: ‘For nobody it is necessary not to come.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ivan velel nikomu ne prixodit’.
Glosses: Ivan.NOM ordered nobody.DAT NEG come.INF
Translation: Ivan ordered that nobody would come.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Nado nikomu ne prixodit’.
Glosses: necessary nobody.DAT NEG come.INF
Translation: It is necessary that nobody come.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Ivan vynudil nikogo ne prixodit’.
Glosses: Ivan.NOM forced nobody.ACC NEG come.INF
Translation: Intended: ‘Ivan forced nobody to come.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Xoloda mogut ne isportit’ posevy .
Glosses: cold.weather.PL.NOM can.NPST.3PL NEG damage.INF crops.ACC
Translation: It is possible for cold weather not to damage crops.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Xoloda ne mogut isportit’ posevy .
Glosses: cold.weather.PL.NOM NEG can.NPST.3PL damage.INF crops.ACC
Translation: It is not possible for cold weather to damage crops.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Xoloda mogut ne isportit’ ničego .
Glosses: cold.weather.pl.NOM can.NPST.3PL NEG damage.INF nothing.GEN
Translation: It is possible for cold weather not to damage anything.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Ničto možet ne isportit’ posevy .
Glosses: nothing.NOM can.NPST.3SG NEG damage.INF crops.ACC
Translation: Intended: ‘It is possible for anything not to damage crops.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: (včera) Maša (včera) pročitala (včera) etu knigu (včera).
Glosses: yesterday Maša.NOM yesterday read.PST yesterday this book.ACC yesterday
Translation: Maša read this book yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: (ZAVTRA) Maša (*zavtra) zastavila (* zavtra) Petju [(zavtra) poexat’]
Glosses: tomorrow Maša.NOM tomorrow forced tomorrow Petja.ACC tomorrow go.INF
Translation: Maša forced Petja to go there tomorrow.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Maša velit projektu v ponedel’nik byt’ zakončennym .
Glosses: Maša.NOM order.NPST project.DAT on Monday be.INF finish.PTCP
Translation: Maša will order that the project be finished on Monday.’ Not available: ‘On Monday Maša will order that the project be finished.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Nužno / nado bylo rane ešče včera zažit’.
Glosses: necessary necessary was.N.SG wound.DAT already yesterday heal.INF
Translation: It was necessary that the wound would have healed already yesterday.’ Not available: ‘Already yesterday it was necessary that the wound would heal.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Maša velit Pete v ponedel’nik pomyt’ posudu .
Glosses: Maša.NOM order.NPST Petja.DAT on Monday wash.INF dishes
Translation: (i) ‘Maša will order Petja to wash the dishes on Monday.’ (ii) ‘On Monday Maša will order Petja to wash the dishes.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Nado bylo Pete včera zakončit’ projekt .
Glosses: necessary was.N.SG Petja.DAT yesterday finish.INF project.ACC
Translation: (i) ‘Yesterday, for Petja it was necessary to finish the project.’ (ii) ‘For Petja it was necessary to finish the project yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Maša velit v ponedel’nik projektu byt’ zakončennym .
Glosses: Maša.NOM order.NPST on Monday project.DAT be.INF finish.PTCP
Translation: (i) ‘Maša will order that the project be finished on Monday.’ (ii) ‘On Monday Maša will order that the project be finished.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Nužno / nado bylo ešče včera rane zažit’.
Glosses: necessary necessary was already yesterday wound.DAT heal.INF
Translation: (i) ‘It was necessary that the wound would have healed already yesterday.’ (ii) ‘Already yesterday it was necessary that the wound would heal.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: %Neobxodimo [k martu-to sroitel’stvu (*k martu-to) zakončit’sja]?
Glosses: necessary by March-TO construction.DAT by March-TO complete.INF
Translation: As for the construction, is it important for it to be complete by March?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Direktor zastavil [večerinku prodolžat’sja do polunoči].
Glosses: director.NOM forced party.ACC continue.INF until midnight
Translation: Intended: ‘The director forced the party to continue until midnight.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Direktor zastavil *(Mašu) [PRO ujti].
Glosses: director.NOM forced Maša.ACC  leave.INF
Translation: The director forced Maša to leave.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Maše (budet) rano vstavat’.
Glosses: Maša.DAT be.NPST early wake.up.INF
Translation: Maša should/will have to wake up early.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Pete bylo ne rešit’ ètu zadaču .
Glosses: Petja.DAT existed NEG solve.INF this task.ACC
Translation: Petja could not solve this task.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Petja sčitaet , čto Maše PRO ne pojti vmeste v kino .
Glosses: Petja.NOM believes that Maše.DAT  NEG go.INF together into cinema
Translation: Petja believes that Maša cannot go to the cinema together.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Petja sčitaet , čto gruzovikam zdes’ ne projexat’.
Glosses: Petja.NOM believes that trucks.DAT here NEG pass.INF
Translation: Petja believes that the trucks cannot pass here.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Pete bylo gruzovikam ne projexat’.
Glosses: Petja.DAT was trucks.DAT NEG pass
Translation: Intended: ‘For Petja for the trucks it was impossible to pass.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: János-nak fontos / kellemetlen [megjelen-ni(-?e) az ünnepélyen].
Glosses: János-DAT important unpleasant appear-INF-3SG DET ceremony.at
Translation: It is important/unpleasant for János to appear at the ceremony.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: János-nak fontos / kellemetlen (az), [hogy Kati későn érkezett].
Glosses: John-DAT important unpleasant (it) that Kate late arrived
Translation: It is important/unpleasant for John that Kate arrived late.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Fontos volt [a szög-nek ki-búj-ni(-?a) a zsákból].
Glosses: important was DET nail-DAT out-get-INF-3SG the bag.in
Translation: Literally: ‘It was important for the nail to get out of the bag.’ Idiomatic: ‘It was important for the truth to be revealed.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *János-nak kellemetlen [Péter-nek ilyet kér-ni(-e)].
Glosses: János-DAT unpleasant Péter-DAT such.ACC ask-INF-3SG
Translation: Intended: ‘It is unpleasant for János for Péter to ask such a thing.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *János-nak fontos volt [a szög-nek ki-bújni(-a) a zsákból].
Glosses: János-DAT important was DET nail-DAT out-get-INF-3SG the bag.in
Translation: Intended: ‘It was important for János for the truth to be revealed.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Maša obeščala Pete [ec sdat’ ekzamen].
Glosses: Maša.NOM promised Petja.DAT  pass.INF exam.ACC
Translation: Maša promised Petja that she/he would pass the exam.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Soobščenije bylo nužnoje / nužno .
Glosses: message.N.SG.NOM was.N.SG necessary.LONG.N.SG.NOM necessary.SHORT.N.SG
Translation: The message was necessary.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Prišlo nužnoje / *nužno soobščenije .
Glosses: arrived necessary.LONG.N.SG.NOM necessary.SHORT.N.SG message.N.SG.NOM
Translation: A necessary message arrived.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: V takoj semje nel’zja jabloku padat’ nedaleko ot jabloni .
Glosses: in such family not.allowed apple.DAT fall.INF close from apple tree
Translation: Idiomatic reading available: ‘In such a family the children should not be like their parents.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Vrač skazal Pete medsestre [PRO dat’ Maše lekarstvo].
Glosses: doctor.NOM said Petja.DAT nurse.DAT  give.INF Maša.DAT medicine.ACC
Translation: Intended: ‘The doctor said to Petja that for the nurse it is necessary to give Maša the medicine.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: *Ivan Maše Petru razbil vazu .
Glosses: Ivan.NOM Maša.DAT Petja.DAT broke vase.ACC
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Vrač skazal Pete , čto medsestre nužno dat’ Maše lekarstvo .
Glosses: doctor.NOM said Petja.DAT that nurse.DAT necessary give.INF Maša.DAT medicine.ACC
Translation: The doctor said to Petja that for the nurse it is necessary to give Maša the medicine.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Petja rešil sdelat’ *odnomu / samomu zadanije .
Glosses: Petja.NOM decided do.INF alone.DAT himself.DAT task.ACC
Translation: Petja decided to do the task alone/himself.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Petja rešil ne prixodit’ bol’še pjanym / pjanyj / * pjanomu domoj .
Glosses: Petja.NOM decided NEG come.INF anymore drunk.INS drunk.NOM drunk.DAT home
Translation: Petja decided not to come home drunk anymore.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Petja prišel pjanyj .
Glosses: Petja.NOM came drunk.NOM
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Petja uvidel Vasju trezvogo .
Glosses: Petja.NOM saw Vasja.ACC sober.ACC
Translation: Petja saw Vasja when Vasja was sober.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *(Nam) samim po sebe nado [PRO spasat’ pand]
Glosses: we.DAT ourselves/themselves necessary  save.INF pandas.ACC
Translation: Only: ‘It is necessary for us ourselves to save pandas.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Pjanymi *(nam) neobxodimo [PRO vernut’sja domoj kak možno ran’še].
Glosses: drunk.INS we.DAT necessary  return.INF home as soon as possible
Translation: Only: ‘Drunk, it is important for us to return home as soon as possible.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: János-nak fontos megjelen-ni az ünnepélyen , és Mari-nak is .
Glosses: János-DAT important appear-INF DET ceremony.at and Mari-DAT too
Translation: Only: ‘For János it is important to appear at the ceremony and for Mari it is also important that she will appear at the ceremony.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: La mamma dà un bacio alla figlia , mentre lei      / pro si mette il cappotto .
Glosses: the mother give.3SG.PRS a kiss to.the daughter, while she.NOM/pro REFL put.3SG.PRS on the coat
Translation: The mother gives a kiss to the daughter, while she puts on the coat.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mentre lei  /      pro si mette il cappotto , la mamma dà un bacio alla figlia .
Glosses: while she.NOM/pro REFL put.3SG.PRS on the coat, the mother give.3SG.PRS a kiss to.the daughter
Translation: While she puts on the coat, the mother gives a kiss to the daughter.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: pro fui a la escuela .
Glosses: pro go.1SG.PST to the school
Translation: I went to school.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: pro piga sto sxolio .
Glosses: pro go.1SG.PST to.the school
Translation: I went to school.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Durante las vacaciones yo/ él/ella iba a la playa .
Glosses: during the holidays I/ he/she go.1/3SG.PST.CONT to the beach
Translation: On holidays, I/he/she was going to the seaside.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Stis djakopes pro pijena / pijene stin paralia .
Glosses: on.the holidays pro go.1SG.PST.CONT/ go.3SG.PST.CONT to.the seaside
Translation: On holidays, I/he/she was going to the seaside.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: O Janis emathe na pezi kithara .
Glosses: the.NOM Janis learn.3SG.PST na.SBJ.PRT play.3SG.FIN guitar
Translation: Janis learned to play the guitar.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Juan aprendió a tocar la guitarra .
Glosses: Juan learn.3SG.PST to play.INF the guitar
Translation: Juan learned to play the guitar.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: El joven empujó al anciano , mientras pro bajaba del autobús .
Glosses: the young.man push.3SG.PST DOM.the old.man, while pro get.3SG.PST.CONT off of.the bus
Translation: The young man pushed the old man, while he was getting off the bus.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: El joven empujó al anciano , mientras él bajaba del autobús .
Glosses: the young.man push.3SG.PST DOM.the old.man, while he.NOM get.3SG.PST.CONT off of.the bus
Translation: The young man pushed the old man, while he was getting off the bus.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: O nearos esprokse ton ilikiomeno , eno pro katevene apo to leoforio .
Glosses: the.NOM young.man push.3SG.PST the.ACC old.man, while pro get.3SG.PST.CONT off of the bus
Translation: The young man pushed the old man, while he was getting off the bus.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: O nearos esprokse ton ilikiomeno , eno aftos katevene apo to leoforio .
Glosses: the.NOM young.man push.3SG.PST the.ACC old.man, while he.NOM get.3SG.PST.CONT off of the bus
Translation: The young man pushed the old man, while he was getting off the bus.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: El fin de semana ______ doy un paseo por el parque . (a) Ø (b) yo
Glosses: the end of week ______ give.1SG.PRS a walk by the park  null subject  ‘I’
Translation: At the weekend I go for a walk in the park.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: To savatokirjako ______ kano enan peripato sto parko . (a) Ø (b) ego
Glosses: the weekend ______ do.1SG.PRS a walk in.the park  null subject  ‘I’
Translation: At the weekend I go for a walk in the park.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Primero , Rosa prepara la comida y luego ______ hace los deberes del colegio . (a) Ø (b) ella
Glosses: first, Rosa prepare.3SG.PRS the meal and then ______ do.3SG.PRS the homework of.the school  null subject  ‘she’
Translation: First, Rosa prepares the meal and then she does her homework.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ángela quiere publicar un libro y los editores explican que ______ precisa completar un manuscrito de su obra . (a) Ø (b) ella
Glosses: Angela want.3SG.PRS publish.INF a book and the editors explain.3PL.PRS that ______ need.3SG.PRS complete.INF a manuscript of her work  null subject  ‘she’
Translation: Angela wants to publish a book and the editors tell (her) that she has to complete a manuscript of her work.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Prota i Martha etimazi to fajito ke meta ______ djavazi ja to metaptixiako . (a) Ø (b) afti
Glosses: first the.NOM Martha prepare.3SG.PRS the.ACC food and then ______ read.3SG.PRS for the master  null subject  ‘she’
Translation: First, Martha prepares the food and then she studies for her Master’s degree.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: I Ageliki theli na dimosiefsi ena vivlio , j’afto ke i ekdotes anaferun oti ______ tha parusiasi prota ena xirografo tis meletis tis . (a) Ø (b) afti
Glosses: the.NOM Ageliki want.3SG.PRS na.SBJ.PRT publish.3SG.FIN a.ACC book, for.this and the.NOM editors mention.3PL.PRS that ______ will present.3SG.FUT first a.ACC manuscript the.GEN study hers  null subject  ‘she’
Translation: Ageliki wants to publish a book, so the editors mention that she will first have to present a manuscript of her study.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Pese a que María y Jorge fueron a la universidad , el profesor se enteró de que ______ no asistió a la clase de filosofía . (a) ella (b) Ø
Glosses: although that Maria and Jorge go.3PL.PST to the university, the lecturer REFL realise.3SG.PST of that ______ not attend.3SG.PST to the class of philosophy  ‘she’  null subject
Translation: Although Maria and Jorge went to the university, the lecturer realised that she did not attend the philosophy class.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: An ke i Meri ke o Jorgos pigan sti sxoli , o ipefthinos kathijitis emathe oti ______ den parakoluthise to mathima tis filosofias . (a) afti (b) Ø
Glosses: even though the.NOM Meri and the.NOM Jorgos go.3PL.PST to.the faculty, the.NOM responsible lecturer learn.3SG.PST that ______ not attend.3SG.PST the.ACC class the.GEN philosophy  ‘she’  null subject
Translation: Even though Meri and Jorgos went to the faculty, the lecturer found out that she did not attend the philosophy class.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: salam-i mek-ess-ta
Glosses: person-NOM eat-PAST-DECL
Translation: The person ate.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: san-i noph-ess-ta
Glosses: hill-NOM high-PAST-DECL
Translation: The hill was high.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: mek-un salam
Glosses: eat-REL person
Translation: A person who ate.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: noph-un san
Glosses: high-REL hill
Translation: A high hill.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: siv-∅ grey-SG .M
Glosses: stol-∅ chair-SG.M
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: siv-a miz-a
Glosses: grey-SG.F chair-SG.F
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: siv-o pohištv-o
Glosses: grey-SG.N furniture-SG.N
Translation: grey furniture
Language: English ( translation)
Transcription: ondos / pragmatika aksiosimioto (Greek)
Glosses: truly  really remarkable
Language: English ( translation)
Transcription: bien / vraiment marquant (French)
Glosses: truly  really remarkable
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: pretežn-o/*-∅ siv-∅ stol-∅
Glosses: predominant.SG.N/M grey-SG.M chair-SG.M
Translation: (a) mainly grey chair
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: pretežn-o/*-a siv-a miz-a
Glosses: predominantly.SG.N/F grey-SG.F table-SG.F
Translation: (a) mainly grey table
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: pretežn-o siv-o pohištv-o
Glosses: predominantly.SG.N grey-SG.N furniture-SG.N
Translation: mainly grey furniture
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Bels fut li vespres
Glosses: beautiful be.3SG.PST the evening
Translation: The evening was beautiful…’ (Roland 157)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Si fu molt preudons chis empereres
Glosses: SI be.3SG.PST very worthy this emperor
Translation: This emperor was a very worthy man’ (Clari 16, 18)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Par tantes teres ad sun cors traveillet
Glosses: over so.many lands have.3SG his body suffer.PTCP
Translation: His body has suffered across so many lands’ (Roland 540)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Vait s’apuier suz le pin a la tige
Glosses: go.3SG REFL.CL = lean.INF under the pine at the trunk
Translation: He goes to lean against the pine tree trunk’ (Roland 500)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Li vaslés entendi bien… si s’atorna… si s’en vint…
Glosses: the vassel understand.3SG.PST well SI REFL = prepare.3SG.PST SI REFL = LOC.CL come.3SG.PST
Translation: The servant understood clearly…. he prepared… he came’ (Clari 30, 31)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: et ceste ville si est mult riche
Glosses: and this town SI be.3SG very rich
Translation: and this town is very rich…’ (Villehardouin1 86, 4)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: si l’ a veincu uns chevaliers a qui ge voudroie resemble
Glosses: SI him have.3SG defeat.PTCP a knight to whom I would resemble.INF
Translation: A knight whom I would like to resemble has defeated him’ (Mort Artu, 93434)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Agathen est num d’une pere__
Glosses: agate be.3SG name of = a stone
Translation: Agate is the name of a stone…’ (Lapidal, II, 31)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Li reis Marsilie esteit en Sarraguce
Glosses: the king Marsile be.3SG.PST in Zaragoza
Translation: King Marsile was in Zaragoza’ (Roland 10)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: li autre diesent qu’ il n’ i pooient aler
Glosses: the others say.3PL.PST that they NEG LOC.CL can.3PL.PST go.INF
Translation: The others said that they couldn’t go (there)’
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Et cis Lascary si commença la guerre
Glosses: and this Lascary SI begin.3SG.PST the war
Translation: And this Lascary began the war…’ (Morée 25, 78)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mur ne citet n i est remés a fraindre
Glosses: wall nor city NEG LOC.CL = be.3SG remain.PTCP to besiege.INF
Translation: Not a wall or town remain to be besieged’ (Roland 5)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Et quant la cité fut prinse , Alexci le frere Quir Saquuy l’empereor , s’ en fui…
Glosses: and when the city be.3SG.PST take.PTCP Alexi the brother Quir Saquuy the-emperor REFL.CL = PART.CL = go.3SG.PST
Translation: And when the city was taken, Alexi, the brother of the Emperor Quir Saquuy went…’ (Morée 13, 39)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Paris les a bien coneües
Glosses: Paris them.CL = has well know.PTCP
Translation: Paris recognises them’ (Eneas 4, 122)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Diex par sa grace vuelle que
Glosses: God by his grace want.3SG that
Translation: God wishes by his grace that…’ (GChron 4)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Biau sire ceste espee est vostre
Glosses: good sir this sword be.3SG yours
Translation: Good Sir, this sword is yours’ (Graal 161a, 7, 24)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Cil Marchomires avoit esté….
Glosses: This Marchomire have.3SG.PST be.PTCP
Translation: This Marchomire had been…’ (GChron, 18, 4)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Aprés iço i est Neimes venud
Glosses: after this LOC.CL = be.3SG Neime come.PTCP
Translation: Neime came after this’ (Roland 230)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: En ceste tere n’ est remés chevaler
Glosses: on this land NEG be.3SG remain.PTCP knight
Translation: Not a single knight remained in the land…’ (Roland 2798)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: lors entra en la sale une mout bele damoisele
Glosses: then enter.3SG.PST in the room a very beautiful girl
Translation: Then a very beautiful girl entered the room’ (Graal 1, 9–10)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Endementres qu’ il parloient einsi si entra laienz uns vaslez
Glosses: while that they speak.3PL.PST thus SI enter.3SG.PST therein a vassel
Translation: While they were speaking, a vassel came in’ (Graal 7, 6–7)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Et apres ce que … si li vindrent noveles de France
Glosses: and after that SI them.CL = come.3PL.PST news from France
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Adont dist li marchis que…15
Glosses: thus say.3SG.PST the marquess that
Translation: The marquess then says that…’ (Clari 6, 5)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: … si est ele misericors et debonaire…
Glosses:  si be.3SG she compassionate and humble
Translation: …she is compassionate and humble…’ (GChron 0, 4)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Lors fu ordiné le noble baron , le seignor de Caraintaine
Glosses: then be.3SG.PST order.PTCP the noble barons the lords of Caraintaine
Translation: Then the noble barons and the lords of Caraintaine were ordered [to assemble]’ (Morée 119, 320)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: En celle maniere comme vous avés oÿ si fu fait l’acort
Glosses: in this manner as you have.2PL hear.PTCP SI be.3SG.PST do.PTCP the-accord
Translation: The pact was made in the manner that you have heard here’ (Morée 87–88, 242)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sur nus est venue male confusïun
Glosses: upon us be.3SG come.PTCP bad disaster
Translation: A great disaster has befallen us’ (Roland 2699)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: La va fuiant la gent chaitive
Glosses: there go.3SG flee.PTCP the people wretched
Translation: There the wretched people flee’ (Eneas 83)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: En ce maismes tens governoit l’eglise de Rome uns apostoiles qui avoit non Hormisde
Glosses: in that same time govern.3SG.PST the-church of Rome an apostle who have.3SG.PST name Hormisde
Translation: In that time an apostle who had the name Hormisde governing the Roman church’ (GChron 25, 90)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ançois lor en fu coverte la veraie semblance
Glosses: before them.CL part.CL be.3SG.PST cover.PTCP the true form
Translation: Previously the true form had been kept from them’ [NEW] (Graal 163c, 36–37)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Et fu tele la dicte rumeur…
Glosses: and be.3SG.PST such the said rumour
Translation: And the aforementioned rumour was such that…’ [ACTIVE] (GRChronJ2C5, 9)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Et quant il vinrent la , si s’en estoient ja li Grieu fui
Glosses: and when they come.3PL.PST there SI REFL = PART.CL = be.3PL.PST already the Greeks flee.PTCP
Translation: And when they arrived there, the Greeks had already fled’ (Clari 67)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ceste costume ai je toz jorz tenue
Glosses: this custom have.1SG I all days keep.PTCP
Translation: I have always upheld this custom’ (Graal 161a, 1)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Si sera ceste hystoire descrite selon…
Glosses: SI be.3SG.FUT this history describe.PTCP according-to
Translation: This story will be described according to…’ (GChron 2)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Taro-ga [[yamome-dearu] zyosei-ni] atta .
Glosses: Taro-NOM [[widow-COP] woman-DAT] met
Translation: Taro met a woman who is a widow.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #Taro-ga [[zyosei-dearu] yamome-ni] atta .
Glosses: Taro-NOM [[woman-COP] widow-DAT] met
Translation: Taro met a widow who is a woman.’ (Japanese; Ingason 2016)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wǒ de yéye shì
Glosses: I of paternal-grand-father be
Translation: My grandfather was
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: laízì Bólín de Déguó rén .
Glosses: coming Berlin DE German person . 
Translation: a German from Berlin.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ¹ laízì Déguó de Bólín rén .
Glosses: coming Germany DE Berlin person . 
Translation: a Berliner coming from Germany.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: laízì Bólín de Dóng Dé rén .
Glosses: coming Berlin DE East German person . 
Translation: an East German coming from Berlin.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: laízì Dóng Dé de Bólín rén .
Glosses: coming East Germany DE Berlin person . 
Translation: a Berliner coming from East Germany.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sam a embauché une
Glosses: Sam has hired a-fem
Translation: Sam has hired a
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: femme française veuve .
Glosses: woman French-fem widowed-fem
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: #veuve française de sexe féminin .
Glosses: widow French-fem of sex female
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: personne française veuve .
Glosses: person-fem French widowed
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: personne française de sexe féminin .
Glosses: person-fem French of sex female
Translation: female French person.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: femme française [veuve et âgée].
Glosses: woman French-fem widowed-fem and senior
Translation: a widowed and senior French woman.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #veuve française [de sexe féminin et âgée].
Glosses: widow French-fem of sex female and senior
Translation: a female and senior French widow.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ?Ceci est une adresse allemande berlinoise .
Glosses: This is an address German Berliner
Translation: This is a Berliner German address.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #Ceci est une adresse berlinoise allemande .
Glosses: This is an address Berliner German
Translation: This is a German Berliner address.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: ?Ceci est une adresse est-allemande berlinoise .
Glosses: This is an address East-German Berliner
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Ceci est une adresse berlinoise est-allemande .
Glosses: This is an address Berliner East-German
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ceci est une île méditerranéenne italienne .
Glosses: This is an island Mediterranean Italian
Translation: This is an Italian Mediterranean island.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #Ceci est une île italienne méditerranéenne .
Glosses: This is an island Italian Mediterranean
Translation: This is a Mediterranean Italian island.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ceci est une île méditerranéenne française .
Glosses: This is an island Mediterranean French
Translation: This is a French Mediterranean island.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ceci est une île française méditerranéenne .
Glosses: This is an island French Mediterranean
Translation: This is a Mediterranean French island.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ?Ceci est un numéro allemand [berlinois et se terminant en 0].
Glosses: This is a number German Berliner and itself ending in 0 . 
Translation: This is a German number from Berlin and ending in 0.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: #Ceci est un numéro berlinois [allemand et se terminant en 0].
Glosses: This is a number Berliner German and itself ending in 0 .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ?Ceci est un numéro est-allemand [berlinois et se terminant en 0].
Glosses: This is a number East-German Berliner and itself ending in 0 . 
Translation: This is an East-German number from Berlin and ending in 0.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ceci est un numéro berlinois [est-allemand et se terminant en 0].
Glosses: This is a number Berliner East-German and itself ending in 0 . 
Translation: This is a Berlin East-German number ending in 0.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mary-nun [[caki-casin-ul coaha-nun] namca-lul] mannassta .
Glosses: Mary-top [[caki-casin like man met . 
Translation: Mary met a man who likes himself.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Más alumnos teníamos el año pasado .10
Glosses: more students have.IPFV.IND.1PL the year pass.PTCP.M.SG
Translation: We had more students last year.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #Bastante trabajo tengo ya .
Glosses: enough work have.PRS.IND.1SG already
Translation: (Let me alone) I have ENOUGH WORK already.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ya tengo bastante trabajo .
Glosses: already have.PRS.IND.1SG enough work
Translation: I have enough work already.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hoy llegaron los turistas franceses .
Glosses: today arrive.PRF.3PL the tourists French
Translation: The French tourists arrived today.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Aquí falta el catálogo de la exposición .
Glosses: here lack.PRS.IND.3SG the catalogue of the exhibition
Translation: The exhibition catalogue is missing here.
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: E agora dyovos el Criador tierra
Glosses: & now give.PRF.3SG=DAT.2PL the Creator land
Translation: and now the Creator gave you land
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Estonces se mudó el Cid al puerto de Alucant
Glosses: then =REFL move.PRF.3SG the Cid to.the port of Alucant
Translation: Then Cid moved to the port of Alucant
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: luego se levantó mio Cid el Campeador
Glosses: immediatly =REFL stand.up.PRF.3SG my Cid the Campeador
Translation: Immediately after that my Cid, the Campeador, stood up
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: vós agora llegastes
Glosses: you now arrive.PRF.2SG
Translation: You have now arrived
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: nós antes abremos a ir a tierras de Carrión
Glosses: we before have.FUT.1PL to go.INF to lands of Carrion
Translation: Before we will have to go to the lands of Carrión
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: agora besaredes sus manos
Glosses: now kiss.FUT.2PL his hands
Translation: Now you will kiss his hands
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: agora llegarán
Glosses: now come.FUT.3PL
Translation: Now they will come
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: agora nos partimos , Dios sabe el ayuntar
Glosses: now =REFL leave.PRS.IND.1PL God know.PRS.IND.3SG the congregate.INF
Translation: Now we leave, God knows the congregation
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: e luego dent las partió17
Glosses: and after from.there =ACC.F.3PL made.leave.PRF.3SG
Translation: And afterwards he made them leave from there
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Oy en este día de vós abré grand bando
Glosses: today in this day from you have.FUT.1SG big help
Translation: Today I will have a big help from you
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: allí se tollió el capiello el Cid Campeador
Glosses: there =REFL take.off.PRF.3SG the hat the Cid Campeador
Translation: There the Cid Campeador took off his hat
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: allí pareçrá el que merece la soldada
Glosses: there appear.FUT.3SG the that deserve.PRS.IND.3SG the salary
Translation: There will appear the one that deserves the salary
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: en este logar se acaba esta razón
Glosses: in this place =REFL end.PRS.IND.3SG this reason
Translation: At this point this explanation is over
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: allí yogó mio Cid complidas quinze semanas
Glosses: there lie.down.PRF.3SG my Cid pass.PTCP.F.PL fifteen weeks
Translation: there lay down my Cid for fifteen weeks
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Desd’allí se tornó el que en buen ora nasco
Glosses: from.there =REFL come.PRF.3SG the that in good hour be.born.PRF.3SG
Translation: The one that was born at a fortunate hour came back from that place
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: que el Campeador mio Cid allí avié poblado
Glosses: that the Campeador my Cid there have.IPFV.IND.3SG settle.PTCP.M.SG
Translation: (It was known) that my Cid the Campeador had settled there
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Estas ganancias allí eran juntadas
Glosses: these profits there be.IPFV.IND.3PL gather.PTCP.F.PL
Translation: These revenues were gathered there
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Allí les tuellen los mantos e los pelliçones
Glosses: there =DAT.3PL take.off.PRS.IND.3PL the cloaks & the fur-lined.coats
Translation: (The princes of Carrión) take their cloaks and fur-lined coats off there
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: allá levó el almófar
Glosses: there take.off.PRF.3SG the hood
Translation: There he took his hood off
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: allá me levades las telas del coraçón
Glosses: there =DAT.1SG take.off.PRS.IND.2PL the clothes of.the heart
Translation: there you take off the fabrics of my heart
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: acá posaré con todos aquestos míos
Glosses: here stay.FUT.1SG with all these mine
Translation: I will rest here with all these (knights) of mine
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Aquel poyo , en él priso posada
Glosses: that stone.bench in it take.PRF.3SG rest
Translation: On that stone bench, he rested on
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Assí lo fazen todos
Glosses: so =ACC.M.3SG do.PRS.IND.3PL all
Translation: They all do it in this way
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: essora lo coñosce mio Cid el de Bivar
Glosses: at.this.time =ACC.M.3SG know.PRS.IND.3SG my Cid the of Vivar
Translation: In that moment Mio Cid, the one from Vivar, recognises him
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: assí fazían los cavalleros del Campeador
Glosses: so do.IPFV.IND.3PL the knights of.the Campeador
Translation: So did the knights of the Campeador
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: assí faga a vuestras fijas
Glosses: so do.PRS.SBJV.3SG to your daughters
Translation: Like this he should do with your daughters
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: yo assí vos lo mando
Glosses: I thus =DAT.2PL =ACC.M.3SG order.PRS.IND.1SG
Translation: I order you (to do) it in this way
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Los vassallos de mio Cid assí son acordados
Glosses: the vassals of my Cid in.this.way be.PRS.IND.3PL agree.PTCP.M.PL
Translation: the vassals of my Cid have agreed in this way
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: el Poyo de mio Cid así·l’ dirán por carta
Glosses: the stone.bench of my Cid so=ACC.M.3SG say.FUT.3PL by charter
Translation: They will call it the Stone Bench of my Cid by charter
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Quando los fallaron & ellos vinieron , assi vinieron sin color19
Glosses: when =ACC.M.3PL find.PRF.3PL & they come.PRF.3PL so come.PRF.3PL without colour
Translation: When they found them and they came, they came like this, completely pale
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: De aquesta guisa a los pies le cayó
Glosses: of that manner to the feet =DAT.3SG fall.PRF.3SG
Translation: In this way, he fell at his feet
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: en aquessa corrida diez días ovieron a morar
Glosses: in this run ten days have.PRF.3PL to dwell.INF
Translation: In this outing they had to stay 10 days
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Con aquesta fabla tornaron ala cort
Glosses: with this speech come.back.PRF.3PL to.the court
Translation: They went back to the court talking this way
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: E todo omne que avia cueta , alli yva al(l) Nuestro Sennor pedir merced
Glosses: & all man that have.IPFV.IND.3SG problems there go.IPFV.IND.3SG to.the Our Lord ask.INF mercy
Translation: And everybody who had problems, there they went to Our Lord to ask him for help
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: En la ribera de mare Galilee , a parte de syerço , alli fue a las bodas Jhesu Christo e Sancta Maria su madre
Glosses: in the shore of sea Galilee at part of north.wind there go.PRF.3SG to the wedding Jesus Christ and Saint Mary his mother
Translation: At the shore of the Sea of Galilee, at the north wind side, Jesus Christ and his mother Saint Mary went there to the wedding
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: alli veno David e pidio las armas
Glosses: here come.PRF.3SG David & ask.PRF.3SG the weapons
Translation: David went there and asked for the weapons
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: En cabo daquella fuent , alli fue soterrado Job
Glosses: in direction of.that fountain there be.PRF.3SG bury.PTCP.M.SG Job
Translation: Job was buried there, towards that fountain
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Alli en Jerico estaba el ciego prueb de la carrera
Glosses: there in Jerico be.IPFV.IND.3SG the blind near of the pathway
Translation: The blind (man) sat there, in Jerico, near the pathway
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Agora afirmo el Sennor sue palabra que fablo
Glosses: now confirm.PRF.3SG the Lord his word that speak.PRF.3SG
Translation: now our Lord confirmed the words that he had spoken
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Alli aduxieron los Phylisteos el arca del testament
Glosses: there bring.PRF.3PL the Philistines the Arc of.the Testament
Translation: The Philistines brought the Arc of Testament there
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Esto vos acomendo que cojades dello cada uno .i . almud
Glosses: this =DAT.2PL recommend.PRS.IND.1SG that take.PRS.SBJV.2PL of.it each one one almud
Translation: This I recommend you, that you take one almud each
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: e dixol: […] tornatvos cada uno a su casa”. e assi lo fizieron [e] tornaronse
Glosses: & say.PRF.3SG.=DAT.3SG  go.back.IMP.2PL.=REFL each one to his house & so =ACC.N.SG do.PRF.3PL & go.back.PRF.3PL.=REFL
Translation: And told him: go back home. And so they did.
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: E assi lo fiço
Glosses: & so =ACC.N.SG do.PRF.3SG
Translation: And so he did
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Assi fue la ara crebantada
Glosses: so be.PRF.3SG the altar break.PTCP.F.SG
Translation: The altar was broken in this way
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: alli aduxieron fijos de Israel los huessos
Glosses: there bring.PRF.3PL sons of Israel the bones
Translation: The sons of Israel brought the bones there
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: En aquella plaça , aquella fontana de Medan , allis aplega grant cavalleria e grant yent …
Glosses: in that square that spring of Medan there.=REFL gather.PRS.IND.3SG big cavalry & big people
Translation: In that square, in that spring of Medan, there gather a great cavalry and many people
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: a la muerte deste puerco se ayuntaron […] Alli uinieron otrossi Castor & Pollux fijos de la reyna leda
Glosses: to the death of.this pig =REFL gather.PRF.3PL  there come.PRF.3PL also Castor & Pollux sons of the queen Leda
Translation: when this pig was dead, they gathered …There came Castor & Pollux, sons of Queen Leda
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Alli llego estonces el poder de los de dentro
Glosses: there arrive.PRF.3SG then the power of the of inside
Translation: then there came the power of those who where inside
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Et alli estauan unas compannas de moros
Glosses: & there be.IPFV.IND.3PL ones companies of Moors
Translation: And there were several groups of Moors
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Alli se tornaron ellos otra uez
Glosses: there =REFL come.back.PRF.3PL they another time
Translation: they came back there again
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Agora uos diremos de los consules
Glosses: now =DAT.2PL say.FUT.1PL of the consuls
Translation: now we will talk about the consuls
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Agora uos digo que esta es toda su fuerça
Glosses: now =DAT.2PL say.PRS.IND.1SG that this be.PRS.IND.3SG all his force
Translation: Now I tell you that this is all his force
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Agora empos esto aun diremos de otros fechos del Rey don fernando
Glosses: now after this still say.FUT.1PL of other deeds of.the King sir Fernando
Translation: Now, after this, we will tell (you) of the deeds of Sir Fernando, the King
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Assi acaescio que quando yo era mancebilla que tome marido un rey a que dixieron Layo .
Glosses: thus happen.PRF.3SG that when I be.IPFV.IND.3SG young that take.PRF.1SG husband a king to that say.PRF.3PL Layo
Translation: It happened in this way, that when I was young, I took as husband a king who was called Layo.
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: Asi las leuaron muy bien & muy onrrada mientre pora el Cid
Glosses: so =ACC.F.PL bring.PRF.3PL very well and very honest -ly to the Cid
Translation: So they brought them very well and very honestly to the Cid
Language: Old Spanish (English translation)
Transcription: En aquella sazon se començo en Nero la primera de las doze persecutiones
Glosses: in that way =REFL start.PRF.3SG in Nero the first of the 12 persecutions
Translation: In that way it started in Nero one of the twelve persecutions