lecslab/glosslm-corpus-split huggingface dataset:
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kore , oishii-desu -yo / -ne / -naa
Glosses: This tasty-be.UH DPART / DPART / DPART
Translation: This is tasty, (I tell you) / (isn’t it?) / (I’m impressed).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Raishuu-wa isogashii-desu-yo-kara , saraishuu-ni shite-kudasai
Glosses: Next.week-TOP busy-be.UH-DPART-because the.week.after.next-DAT make-please
Translation: Because I will be busy next week, please make it to the following week.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Raishuu-wa isogashii-desu-yo-ga/kedo , kanarazu ai-ni iki-masu .
Glosses: Next.week-TOP busy-be.UH-DPART-but/but, certainly see-DAT go-UH
Translation: Although I will be busy next week, I will definitely come see you.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [Kaigi-no junbi-ga fujuubun-deshi-ta] koto-o fukaku owabi-moushiage-masu .
Glosses: Meeting-GEN preparation-NOM inadequate-be.UH-PAST fact-ACC deeply apology-say-UH
Translation: We sincerely apologize for the fact that our preparation for the meeting was inadequate.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ?Sono atsumari-ni-wa , [Tanaka-sensei-o gozonji-deshi-ta] kata-ga takusan irasshai-mashi-ta .
Glosses: that gathering-at-TOP [Tanaka-teacher-ACC know-UH-PAST] person-NOM many be.present-UH-PAST
Translation: At the gathering, there were many people who knew Professor Tanaka.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [Senjitsu sensei-ga gobyouki-deshi-ta] sai-ni omimai-ni ukagai-mashi-ta .
Glosses: the.other.day teacher-NOM sick-be.UH-PAST occasion-at visit-DAT go-UH-PAST
Translation: When the professor fell sick the other day, I visited her.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: kono ryokan-wa teien-ga yuumei-da / *-na
Glosses: this inn-TOP garden-NOM famous-be / -be
Translation: Lit. Speaking of this inn, its garden is famous.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [teien-ga yuumei-na] ryokan-ni iki-tai
Glosses: teien-NOM famous-be inn-LOC go-want
Translation: (I) want to go to an inn which is famous for its garden.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Senjitsu Ginza-ni iki-mashi-te , sokode guuzen Suzuki-san-ni o-ai-shi-mashi-ta .
Glosses: the.other.day Ginza-LOC go-UH-GERUND, there by.chance Suzuki-Mr.-DAT HON-meet-do-UH-PAST
Translation: The other day, I went to Ginza and ran into Mr. Suzuki there.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hayaku go-kaifuku-nasaru / nasai-masu koto-o o-inori-shite-ori-masu .
Glosses: Quickly HON-recover–do.HON / do.HON-UH fact-ACC HON-pray-do-be.humble-UH
Translation: I pray for your speedy recovery.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hayaku go-kaifuku-nasai-masu koto-o inot-te-i-masu .
Glosses: Quickly HON-recover-do.HON-UH fact-ACC pray-GERUND-be-UH
Translation: I pray for your speedy recovery.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sensei-ga o-kaki-ni nat-ta / nari-mashi-ta go-hon-ga shuppan-no hakobi-ni nat-ta / nari-mashi-ta-koto-no kinen-ni , oiwai-no kai-o hiraki-taku zonji-masu .
Glosses: Teacher-NOM Honor-write-DAT become-PAST / become-UH-PAST Honor-book-NOM publish-GEN plan-DAT become-PAST / become-UH-PAST-fact-GEN commemoration-DAT, celebration-GEN party-ACC hold-want think-UH
Translation: For the commemoration of the occasion that the book that the professor wrote will now be published, we would like to host a celebration.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [Hayaku go-kaifuku nasa-ru / *nasai-masu] to shinjite-ori-masu .
Glosses: quickly HON-recovery do.HON / do.HON-UH COMP believe-do-be-UH
Translation: I pray for your quick recovery.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [kaigi-wa raishuu-no-suiyoubi-da / *-desu] to , zonjite-ori-masu .
Glosses: meeting-TOP next.week-GEN-Wednesday-be / be.UH C know-be-UH
Translation: I know that the meeting will be held on Wednesday next week.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [senshuu-wa o-isogashi-katta-Ø / *-desu] to , ukagatte-ori-masu .
Glosses: last.week-TOP HON-busy-PAST-Ø / -UH C hear-be-UH
Translation: I heard that you were busy last week.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Watakushi-wa [sensei-ga o-kaki-ni nari-mashi-ta go-hon-o zehi yom-ase-te itadaki-tai-(*desu)-to] omot-te-ori-masu .
Glosses: I-TOP [teacher-NOM Honor-write-DAT become-UH-PAST Honor-book-ACC definitely read-Cause-GERUND receive-want-(be.UH)-COMP] think-GERUND-be-UH
Translation: (Talking to a professor) ‘I think that I would definitely like to read the book you have written.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *[Ashita doko-ni mairi-masu-ka] narubeku hayaku o-tsutae-itashi-masu
Glosses: tomorrow where-DAT go-UH-Q as.possible early Honor-inform-do.-UH
Translation: I will inform you as soon as possible where (I) will go tomorrow.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Watashi-wa [Ken-ga nansai-desu-ka] tazune-mashi-ta
Glosses: I-TOP Ken-NOM what.age-Cop.UH-Q ask-try-UH-PAST
Translation: I asked how old Ken is.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Watashi-ga buchoo-ni [konshuu o-isogashii-desu-ka(dooka)] kakuninshi-mashi-ta
Glosses: I-TOP boss-DAT this.week HON-busy-UH-Q check-UH-PAST
Translation: It is I that checked with my boss whether he is busy this week.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sensei-ga o-kaki-ni nari-mashi-ta go-hon-ga itsu shuppan sare-ru (*sare-masu) ka , gozonji-no kara-wa irasshai-masu-ka ?
Glosses: Teacher-NOM Honor-write-DAT become-UH-PAST Honor-book-NOM when publish do.Pass-PRES (do.Pass-UH) Q knowing-GEN person-TOP exist-UH-Q
Translation: Is there anyone who knows when the book the professor wrote will be published?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ?[Watakushidomo-ni o-kotae-deki-masu-kadooka] wakari-mase-n-ga…
Glosses: we-DAT HON-answer-can-UH-whether know-UH–NEG-but
Translation: (Though) we are not sure whether we can answer your question.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [Musuko-ga doko-de nani-o shite-ori-masu-ka]-wa , watashitachi-ni-mo wakar-anai-node-gozai-masu
Glosses: son-NOM where-at what-ACC do-be-UH-Q-TOP we-DAT-even know–NEG-because-be-UH
Translation: We ourselves aren’t sure what our son is doing where.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Go-kaifuku *nasai-mase-ba / nasare-ba zehi mata o-koshi-kudasai
Glosses: HON-recover do.HON-UH-COND / do.HON-COND definitely again HON-come-please
Translation: Please do come back when you have made a recovery.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Socchokuni moushi-masure-ba , …
Glosses: frankly say-UH-COND, …
Translation: If I may express my humble opinions frankly, …
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kyou-wa ii tenki-desu-node , dekakeru-koto-ni itashi-mash-oo .
Glosses: Today-TOP good weather-be.UH-because go.out-Nml-DAT do-UH-Propose
Translation: Since it is a nice day today, let us go out, shall we?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kyou-wa tenki-ga ii-desu-node , dekakeru-koto-ni itashi-mash-oo .
Glosses: Today-TOP weather-NOM good-be.UH-because go.out-Nml-DAT do-UH-Propose
Translation: Since the weather is good today, let us go out, shall we?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: e=ɣí-taβo
Glosses: =C7-book
Translation: a/the book
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ɣí-taβo
Glosses: C7-book
Translation: a/any book
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Masato ta-a-ɣor-iré e=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Masato NEG-PST-buy-PFV =C7-book
Translation: Masato didn’t buy a/the book.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Masato ta-a-ɣor-iré __ ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Masato NEG-PST -buy-PFV __C7-book
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Masato m=mo-súβe .2
Glosses: Masato COP=C1-man
Translation: Masato is a man.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: #Masato n=o=mo-súβe .
Glosses: Masato COP-=C1-man
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Masato n=o=mo-súβe .
Glosses: Masato COP==C1-man
Translation: Masato is the man.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: #Masato m=mo-súβe .
Glosses: Masato COP=C1-man
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Masato ta-a-ɣor-iré Ø=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Masato NEG-PST-buy-PFV =C7-book
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Masato a-ka-ɣór-a e=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Masato SA1-PST-buy-FV =C7-book
Translation: Masato bought a/the book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Masato a-ka-ɣór-a Ø=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Masato SA1-PST-buy-FV =C7-book
Translation: Intended: ‘Masato bought a book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: E=ɣí-taβo ɣi-kaɣw-a ha-asé .
Glosses: =C7-book SA1-PST-fall-FV C16-down
Translation: A/the book fell down.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: *Ø=ɣi-taβo ɣi-kaɣw-a ha-asé .
Glosses: =C7-book SA1-PST-fall-FV C16-down
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: O=mu-kari ta-seegh-ire Yohana .
Glosses: =C1-woman -like-PFV Yohaná
Translation: The woman doesn’t like John.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Ø=mu-kari ta-seegh-ire Yohana .
Glosses: =C1-woman -like-PFV Yohaná
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hamwe Masato a-ka-ɣór-a e=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: maybe Masato SA1-PST-buy-FV =C7-book
Translation: Maybe Masato bought a/the book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hamwe Masato a-ka-ɣór-a Ø=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: maybe Masato SA1-PST-buy-FV =C7-book
Translation: Maybe Masato bought a book.’ MODAL
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ango u=mw-ána a-ka-rɔŕ-a María ?
Glosses:  =C1-Child 3S-PST-see-FV Mary
Translation: Did the child see Mary?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ango Ø=mw-áana a-ka-rɔŕ-a María ?
Glosses:  =C1-child 3S-PST-see-FV Mary
Translation: Did any child see Mary?’ QUESTION
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Masato a-a-ŋga-ɣor-iré e=ɣí-taβo ɲ-a-ŋga-tʃɔmiir-u .
Glosses: Masato SA1-PST--buy-PFV =C7-book 1SG-PST-COND-be.happy-FV
Translation: If Masato bought a/the book, I would be happy.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Masato a-a-ŋga-ɣor-iré Ø=ɣí-taβo ɲ-a-ŋga-tʃɔmir-u .
Glosses: Masato SA1-PST--buy-PFV =C7-book 1SG-PST-COND-be.happy-FV
Translation: If Masato bought a book, I would be happy.’ CONDITIONAL
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Q’wez-ílc *(ti=)smúlhats*(=a).
Glosses: dance-AUT *(=)woman*(=)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Léxlex *(i=)smelh…múlhats*(=a).
Glosses: intelligent *(=)PL…woman*(=)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wa7 ts’aqw-an’-ítas *(i=)t’éc*(=a) *(i=)míxalh*(=a).
Glosses: IPFV eat-DIR-3PL.ERG *(=)sweet*(=) *(=)bear*(=)
Translation: Bears eat honey.’ (adapted from Matthewson 2013:19)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: (*Ti=)Kúkwpi7(*=a) kw=s=Rose .
Glosses: (*=)chief(*=) DET=NMLZ=Rose
Translation: Rose is a chief.’ (adapted from Matthewson 2013:19)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sqaycw s=Robin .
Glosses: man NMLZ=Robin
Translation: Robin is a man.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: *Ta=sqáycw=a s=Robin .
Glosses: =man= man NMLZ=Robin
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Nilh ta=sqáycw=a s=Robin .
Glosses: COP =man= NMLZ=Robin
Translation: Robin is the man.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: *Nilh sqáycw s=Robin .
Glosses: COP man NMLZ=Robin
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Áz’-en-as ti=sts’úqwaz’=a kw=s=Sophie .
Glosses: buy-DIR-3ERG =fish= DET=NMLZ=Sophie
Translation: Sophie bought a/the fish.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: *Áz’-en-as ku=sts’úqwaz’ kw=s=Sophie .
Glosses: buy-DIR-3ERG =fish DET=NMLZ=Sophie
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Cw7aoz kw=s=áz’-en-as ti=sts’úqwaz’=a kw=s=Sophie .
Glosses:  DET=NMLZ=buy-DIR-3ERG =fish= DET=NMLZ=Sophie
Translation: Sophie didn’t buy a/the fish.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Cw7aoz kw=s=áz’-en-as ku=sts’úqwaz’ kw=s=Sophie .
Glosses:  DET=NMLZ=buy-DIR-3ERG =fish DET=NMLZ=Sophie
Translation: Sophie didn’t buy a fish.’ (adapted from Matthewson 1998:55)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Tecwp-mín=lhkan=kelh ti=púkw=a natcw .
Glosses: buy-RLT-1SG.SBJ= =book= tomorrow
Translation: I might/will buy a/the book tomorrow.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Tecwp-mín=lhkan=kelh ku=púkw natcw .
Glosses: buy-RLT-1SG.SBJ= =book tomorrow
Translation: I might/will buy a book tomorrow.’ (adapted from Matthewson 1998:54)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ats’x-en-tsí-has=ha ti=szús-cal=a ?
Glosses: see-DIR-2SG.OBJ-3ERG= =tie.up-ACT=
Translation: Did a/the policeman see you?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Áts’x-en-tsí-has=ha ku=szús-cal ?
Glosses: see-DIR-2SG.OBJ-3ERG= =tie.up-ACT
Translation: Did a policeman see you?’ (adapted from Matthewson 1998:195)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Cuz’ tsa7cw kw=s=Mary lh=t’íq=as ti=qelhmémen’=a .
Glosses: PROSP happy DET=NMLZ=Mary =arrive=3SBJV =old.person[DIMIN]=
Translation: Mary will be happy if an elder comes.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Cuz’ tsa7cw kw=s=Mary lh=t’íq=as ku=qelhmémen’.
Glosses: PROSP happy DET=NMLZ=Mary =arrive=3SBJV =old.person[DIMIN]
Translation: Mary will be happy if any elder comes.’ (Matthewson 1999:90)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Hayo kárɛ n=a-arɛ-ho o=mu-tɛmi …
Glosses: there long.ago FOC=SA1-be-LOC =C1-chief…
Translation: Long ago there was a chief …’ (NOVEL)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Mbɛ o=mu-tɛmi a-ɣa-kóm-a a=βáa-to .
Glosses: so =C1-chief SA1-PST-gather-FV DET=C2-people
Translation: So, the chief gathered the people.’ (FAMILIAR)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: I=rjooβá n-de-ku-βára tʃwɛɛ .
Glosses: =C5-sun FOC-C5-PROG-shine indeed
Translation: The sun is really shining.’ (UNIQUE)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: A=n-tʃɔtá y-e-ku-βara tʃwɛɛ .
Glosses: =C9-star COP-C3-PROG-shine indeed
Translation: A star is really shining.’ (NON-UNIQUE)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Húy’=lhkan ptakwlh , ptákwlh-min lts7a ti=smém’lhats=a …
Glosses: PROSP=1SG.SBJ tell.story tell.story-RLT here =woman[DIMIN]=
Translation: I am going to tell a legend, a legend about a girl …’ (NOVEL)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wá7=ku7 ílal láti7 ti=smém’lhats=a .
Glosses: IPFV=REPORT cry DEIC =woman[DIMIN]=
Translation: The girl was crying there.’ (FAMILIAR) (adapted from van Eijk and Williams 1981:19; cited in Matthewson 1998:34)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ka-hál’h-a ta=snéqwem=a .
Glosses: CIRC-show-CIRC =sun=
Translation: The sun appeared.’ (UNIQUE)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ka-hál’h-a ta=nkakúsent=a .
Glosses: CIRC-show-CIRC =star=
Translation: A star appeared.’ (NON-UNIQUE) (adapted from Matthewson 1999:107;109)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Emruz ye vakil-(i)-o mi-bin-am .
Glosses: today a/one lawyer-(I) DUR-see-1SG
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Emruz ye vakil mi-bin-am .
Glosses: today a/one lawyer DUR-see-1SG
Translation: I am seeing a lawyer today (some lawyer or other).’ (Hedberg et al. 2009)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: N-dɛ́ɣir-ɛ e=ɣi-kɔ́mbɛ ki-nɔ ny-a-gor-ire .
Glosses: 1SG-hate-SBJV =C7-cup C1-that 1SG-PST-buy-PFV
Translation: I hate a cup that I bought.’ (SPECIFIC)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #N-dɛ́ɣir-ɛ Ø=ɣi-kɔ́mbɛ ki-nɔ ny-a-gor-ire .
Glosses: 1SG-hate-SBJV =C7-cup C1-that 1SG-PST-buy-PFV
Translation: Intended: ‘I hate a cup that I bought.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: N-uu-h-ɛ e=ɣi-kɔ́mbɛ !
Glosses: 1SG-2SG-give-SBJV =C7-cup
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ki-h-ɛ ki-jɔ ?
Glosses: C7-give-SBJV C7-which
Translation: Which one?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kjɔ-kj-ɔ́sɛ haŋu !
Glosses: REDUP-C7-any just
Translation: Just any!
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Qvl-s=kán ta=zaw’áksten=a n=s=tecwp .
Glosses: bad-cAUS=1SG.SBJ =cup= 1SG.POSS=NMLZ=buy
Translation: I hate a cup that I bought.’ (SPECIFIC)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Sima7-cí-ts ta=zaw’áksten=a !
Glosses: come-IND=2SG.OBJ =cup=
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Nka7 ku=zaw’áksten ku=xát’-min’=acw ?
Glosses: where DET=cup DET=want-RED=2SG.SBJV
Translation: Which do you want?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sima7-cí-ts ku=nká7=as=t’u7 ku=zaw’áksten !
Glosses: come-IND=2SG.OBJ DET=where=3SBJV=EXCL DET=cup
Translation: Just pass me ANY cup!
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Makurú a-ka-ɣór-a e=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Makuru SA1-PST-buy-PFV =C7-book
Translation: Makuru bought a/the book.’ “There exists a book which Makuru bought.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Makurú t-a-a-ɣor-iré e=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Makuru NEG-SA1-PST-buy-PFV =C7-book
Translation: Makuru did not buy a/the book.’ “There exists a book which Makuru didn’t buy.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Makurú t-a-a-ɣor-iré Ø=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Makuru NEG-SA1-PST-buy-PFV =C7-book
Translation: Makuru did not buy a/any book.’ “There does not exist a book which Makuru bought.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Makurú a-ka-ɣór-a Ø=ɣí-taβo .
Glosses: Makuru SA1-PST-buy-PFV =C7-book
Translation: Intended: Makuru bought a book.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: N-ka-rɔɔt-a a=ma-nani ɣa-ra-rwáan-a .
Glosses: 1SG-PST-dream-FV =C6-ogres SA-PROG-fight-FV
Translation: I dreamed about ogres fighting with each other.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *N-ka-rɔɔt-a Ø=ma-náni ɣa-ra-rwáan-a .
Glosses: SA-1SG-PST-dream-FV =C6-ogres SA-PROG-fight-FV
Translation: I dreamed about ogres fighting with each other.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kw7íkwlacw=kan kwas túp-un’-as s=John ti=plísmen=a .
Glosses: dream=1SG.SBJ DET+NMLZ+IPFV+3POSS punch-DIR-3ERG NMLZ=John =policeman=
Translation: I dreamed that John hit a policeman.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Kw7íkwlacw=kan kwas túp-un’-as s=John ku=plísmen .
Glosses: dream=1SG.SBJ DET+NMLZ+IPFV+3POSS punch-DIR-3ERG NMLZ=John =policeman
Translation: (adapted from Matthewson 1998:132)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: O=mu-tɛmi a-kaa-tʃá ku-n-dɔr-a itʃɔ .
Glosses: =C1-chief SA1-PST-come INFT-1SG.OBJ-see-FV yesterday
Translation: A chief came to see me yesterday.’ Good in context: I saw him. Good in context: Someone told me.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Ø=mu-tɛmi a-kaa-tʃá ku-n-dɔr-a itʃɔ .
Glosses: =C1-chief SA1-PST-come INF-1SG.OBJ-see-FV yesterday
Translation: Intended: A chief came to see me yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: T’ak áts’x-en-ts-as ku=kúkwpi7=a i=nátcw=as .
Glosses: go see-DIR-1SG.OBJ-3ERG =chief= when.PST=day=3SBJV
Translation: A chief came to see me yesterday.’ [I saw him/her] (adapted from Matthewson 1998:179)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *T’ak áts’x-en-ts-as ku=kúkwpi7 i=nátcw=as .
Glosses: go see-DIR-1SG.OBJ-3ERG =chief when.PST=day=3SBJV
Translation: A chief came to see me yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *T’ák=ku7 áts’x-en-ts-as ku=kúkwpi7=a i=nátcw=as .
Glosses: go= see-DIR-1SG.OBJ-3ERG =chief= when.PST=day=3SBJV
Translation: A chief came to see me yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: T’ák=ku7 áts’x-en-ts-as ku=kúkwpi7 i=nátcw=as .
Glosses: go= see-DIR-1SG.OBJ-3ERG =chief when.PST=day=3SBJV
Translation: A chief came to see me yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Á=ŋ-gwe j=e-ku-βá e-ri-iβór-a .
Glosses: =C9-leopard FOC=SA9-PROG-be SA9-PERS-give.birth-FV
Translation: A leopard will be giving birth.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Ø=ŋ-gwe j=e-ku-βá e-ri-iβór-a .
Glosses: =C9-leopard FOC=SA9-PROG-be SA9-PERS-give.birth-FV
Translation: Intended: A leopard will be giving birth.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #Cuz’ t’iq ta=ucwalmícw=a lh=kalál=as .
Glosses: PROSP arrive =person= COMP=soon=3SBJV
Translation: Someone is going to visit.’ Consultant: Corrects ta=…=ɑ to ku= (ta=…=ɑ is okay if you know the person that might be coming).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: N=ne-ɣo-kwir-u na o=mu-temi u-nɔ a-kuu-tʃ-a .
Glosses: FOC-1SG-FUT-marry-PASS with =C1-chief C1-who SA1-FUT-come-FV
Translation: I will marry the next chief.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *N=ne-ɣo-kwir-u na Ø=mu-temi u-nɔ a-kuu-tʃ-a .
Glosses: FOC-1SG-FUT-marry-PASS with =C1-chief C1-who SA1-FUT-come-FV
Translation: Intended: ‘I will marry the next chief.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Cúz’=lhkan melyí-s ku=cúz’ kúkwpi7 láku7 Fountain .
Glosses: PROSP=1SG.SBJ marry-CAUS =PROSP chief DEIC Fountain
Translation: I will marry the next chief of Fountain.’ (whoever it is). (adapted from Matthewson 1998:57)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Cúz’=lhkan melyí-s ku=cúz’=a kúkwpi7 láku7 Fountain .
Glosses: PROSP=1SG.SBJ marry-CAUS =PROSP= chief DEIC Fountain
Translation: I will marry the next chief of Fountain.’ (whoever it is).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: O=mu-ɣáruka a-ŋga-βɔnɛk-ire Maria n=a-ŋga-tʃɔɔmir-u .
Glosses: =C1-elder SA3-COND-show.up-PFV Maria FOC=PST-COND-be.happy-FV
Translation: If an/the elder showed up Mary would be happy.’ (adapted from Gambarage 2019:202–203) Accepted in context: A mother has a sick child and only elderly people know the traditional cure for the disease. There is a specific elder who knows the medicine for the disease. The mother says she will be happy if that elder showed up. Rejected in context: A mother has a sick child and only elderly people know the traditional cure for the disease. She would be happy if any elder comes, but that’s impossible, because there are no elders in this community.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ø=mu-ɣáruka a-ŋga-βɔnɛk-ire Maria n=a-ŋga-tʃɔɔmir-u .
Glosses: =C1-elder SA1--show.up-PFV Maria FOC=SA1-COND-be.happy-FV
Translation: If any elder showed up Mary would be happy.’ (adapted from Gambarage 2019:166–167) Rejected in context: A mother has a sick child and only elderly people know the traditional cure for the disease. There is a specific elder who knows the medicine for the disease. The mother says she will be happy if that elder showed up. Accepted in context: A mother has a sick child and only elderly people know the traditional cure for the disease. She would be happy if any elder comes, but that’s impossible, because there are no elders in this community.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wá7=k’a tsu7c ta=máq7=a .
Glosses: IPFV= melt.INCH DET=snow=EXIS
Translation: The snow must be melting.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wá7=ku7 tsu7c ta=máq7=a .
Glosses: IPFV= melt.INCH DET=snow=EXIS
Translation: The snow is melting (I was told).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wa7=as=an’ tsu7c ta=máq7=a .
Glosses: IPFV=3SBJV= melt.INCH DET=snow=EXIS
Translation: The snow is melting (I perceive).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wa7 tsu7c ta=máq7=a .
Glosses: IPFV melt.INCH DET=snow=EXIS
Translation: The snow is melting (I saw it).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: A=βaráfu i-yáyok-ire .
Glosses: DET=C9.snow SA9-melt-PFV
Translation: The snow has melted.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: A=βaráfu y=e-kuβá i-yáyok-ire .
Glosses: DET=C9.snow FOC-SA9-be C9-melt-PFV
Translation: The snow must be melting.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #T’ák=ku7 áts’x-en-ts-as ku=kúkwpi7=a i=nátcw=as .
Glosses: go= see-DIR-1SG.OBJ-3ERG =chief= when.PST=day=3SBJV
Translation: A chief came to see me yesterday.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: A=ma-ruɣi ma-aru ɣa-ta-ha-tuk-a mw-oβo o-gh-i .
Glosses: =C6-rat C6-many SA6-NEG-HAB-dig C3-pit REL-go-FV
Translation: When many rats are working, they usually don’t dig a deep pit.’ (i.e., similar to ‘Many cooks spoil the broth.’)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ni-kwend-a *(a)=Ø-swé .
Glosses: 1SG-want-FV *(=C9-fish
Translation: I want some fish.’ (Nata; Gambarage 2019:213)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Xát’-mín’=lhkan ku=ts’úqwaz’.
Glosses: hard-RLT-1SG.SBJ =fish
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ka-hál’h-a=ku7 na=nts’ao7mík=a l=ta=tsal’álh=a .
Glosses: CIRC-appear-CIRC=REPORT =great.grandmother= PREP=DET=Tsal’álh=EXIS
Translation: My great-grandmother was born in Tsal’álh.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim  the metal .
Glosses: b . Kim  the door .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: María  el metal .                         SPANISH
Glosses: Maria flatten the metal hammering
Translation: Maria flattened the metal by hammering it.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *María  el metal .
Glosses: Maria hammered the metal flat
Translation: Intended: ‘Maria hammered the metal flat.’ (Mateu 2012: 258)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Candii  sùa .                                                                LAO
Glosses: Jandee iron shirt smooth
Translation: Jandee ironed the shirt smooth.’ (Cole 2016: 51)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Lisi -le zhouzi .                                                   MANDARIN
Glosses: Lisi wipe-dry-PFV table
Translation: Lisi wiped the table dry.’ (Lin 2004: 91)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā   e Malia le laulau .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST wipe CAUS-clean ERG Mary ART table.ABS
Translation: Mary cleaned the table by wiping it.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā   e Pita le laʻau .
Glosses: PST cut CAUS-fall ERG Peter ART tree.ABS
Translation: Peter felled the tree by cutting it.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim  the door .
Glosses: b . Kim  the door .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: [[x ACT] CAUSE [y <STATE>]]
Glosses: [[Kim ACT] CAUSE [door <OPEN>]]
Translation: Kim opened the door.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: ⟦v⟧ ↔ λe . …
Glosses:  ↔ λPλe.Ǝv . Caus(e, v) ∧ P(v) \ ___ XP                            (adapted from Wood 2015: 28)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim flattened the metal slowly .
Glosses: b . Kim hammered the metal flat slowly..
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim flattened the metal again .
Glosses: b . Kim hammered the metal flat again .
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim ran her shoes threadbare .
Glosses: b . Kim drank the teapot dry .
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim opened the door by pushing it .
Glosses: b . Kim flattened the metal by hammering it .
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . #John killed Bill on Sunday by stabbing him on Saturday .
Glosses: b . John caused Bill to die on Sunday by stabbing him on Saturday .                         (Fodor 1970: 433)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . John killed Bill by swallowing his tongue .
Glosses: b . John caused Bill to die by swallowing his tongue .                         (Fodor 1970: 435)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim flattened the metal by hitting it with a tuba . 
Glosses: b . Kim flattened the metal by driving her roller over it .
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim pounded the metal flat by hitting it with a tuba . (Biggs & Embick 2020: 16)
Glosses: b . Kim pounded the metal flat #by driving her roller over it .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Unbekannte  den Verbrecher .                         GERMAN
Glosses: unknown.persons shot the criminal dead
Translation: Unknown persons shot the criminal dead.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Unbekannte  den Verbrecher   .
Glosses: unknown.persons killed the criminal through a shot
Translation: Unknown persons killed the criminal with a shot.’ (Solstad 2009: 372)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Lisi -le zhouzi .                                                                         MANDARIN
Glosses: Lisi wipe-dry-PFV table
Translation: Lisi wiped the table dry.’ (Lin 2004: 91)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sanmao --le jingzi .                         MANDARIN
Glosses: Sanmao bang-crack-PFV mirror
Translation: Sanmao banged the mirror, cracking it.’ (Tham 2012: 602)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Lisi -le wanpan .
Glosses: Lisi wipe-dry-PFV dishes
Translation: Lisi wiped the dishes dry.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . The metal is flat .
Glosses: b . Kim flattened the metal .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Jingzi lie-le .                                                  MANDARIN
Glosses: mirror crack-PFV
Translation: The mirror cracked.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Jingzi hen lie .
Glosses: mirror very crack
Translation: Intended: ‘The mirror is (badly) cracked.’ (Tham 2012: 601)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Sanmao lie-le jingzi .                                                  MANDARIN
Glosses: Sanmoa crack-PFV mirror
Translation: Intended: ‘Sanmao cracked the mirror.’ (Tham 2012: 601)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sanmao peng-lie-le jingzi .
Glosses: Sanmoa collide-crack-PFV mirror
Translation: Sanmao banged the mirror, cracking it.’ (Tham 2012: 602)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wanpan hen gan .                         MANDARIN
Glosses: dishes very dry
Translation: The dishes are (very) dry.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wanpan (*hen) gan-le .
Glosses: dishes very dry-PFV
Translation: The dishes dried.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Sanmao gan-le wanpan .                                                  MANDARIN
Glosses: Sanmao dry-PFV dishes
Translation: Intended: ‘Sanmao dried the dishes.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Lisi ca-gan-le wanpan .
Glosses: Lisi wipe-dry-PFV dishes
Translation: Lisi wiped the dishes dry.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: John (*hen) mo-(*hen)-bao-le na-kuai tie-pian                         MANDARIN
Glosses: John very rub-very-be.thin-PFV that-CLF metal-plate
Translation: Intended: ‘John rubbed that metal plate very thin.’ (J. Liu 2021: 75)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim cleaned the table by wiping it again .                                       MEANS CONSTRUCTION
Glosses: b . #Kim wiped the table clean again .                         RESULTATIVE SECONDARY PREDICATION
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Zhangsan you da-kai-le men .                                                  MANDARIN
Glosses: Zhangsan again hit-open-PFV door
Translation: Zhangsan opened the door again.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Zhangsan you da-kai-le men .                                                     MANDARIN
Glosses: Zhangsan again hit-open-PFV door
Translation: Zhangsan opened the door again.’ (Xu 2016: 24)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #Zhangsan you xi-lou-le lianpen .                                                  MANDARIN
Glosses: Zhangsan again wash-leak-PFV washbasin
Translation: Intended: ‘Zhangsan made the sink leak by washing (some clothes) again.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā faʻa-mamā e Malia le laulau .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST CAUS-clean ERG Mary ART table.ABS
Translation: Mary cleaned the table.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Sā mamā e Malia le laulau .
Glosses: PST clean ERG Mary ART table.ABS
Translation: Intended: ‘Mary cleaned the table.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #Sā faʻa-mamā le laulau .
Glosses: PST CAUS-clean ART table.ABS
Translation: Intended: ‘The table became clean.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā mamā le laulau .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST clean ART table.ABS
Translation: The table was clean.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ʻua mamā le laulau .
Glosses: INCH clean ART table.ABS
Translation: The table became clean.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā faʻa-tala e Malia le faitotoʻa .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST CAUS-STAT-open ERG Mary ART door.ABS
Translation: Mary opened the door.’ (lit.: ‘Mary caused the door to be opened.’)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā faʻa--suavai e le teine le gao .
Glosses: PST CAUS-ANTICAUS-liquid ERG ART girl ART fat.ABS
Translation: The girl melted the fat.’ (lit.: ‘The girl caused the fat to become liquid.’)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā toe solo~solo faʻa-mamā e Pita le laulau .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST again RED~wipe CAUS-clean ERG Peter ART table.ABS
Translation: Peter again cleaned the table by wiping it.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā toe solo faʻa-mamā e Pita le laulau .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST again wipe CAUS-clean ERG Peter ART table.ABS
Translation: Peter cleaned the table again by wiping it.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā [[[solo vave] faʻa-mamā] e Malia le laulau .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST wipe quick CAUS-clean ERG Mary ART table.ABS
Translation: Mary cleaned the table by wiping it quickly.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā [[[solo faʻa-mamā] vave] e Malia le laulau .
Glosses: PST wipe CAUS-clean quick ERG Mary ART table.ABS
Translation: Mary cleaned the table quickly by wiping it.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: #Sā fa’a-gao faʻa-la’iti e Pita le lala .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST CAUS-break CAUS-small ERG Peter ART branch.ABS
Translation: Intended: Peter made the branch small by breaking it.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Sā lamu (pulu) faʻa-pa~paʻe e le teine nifo .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST chew gum CAUS-RED~white ERG ART girl teeth.ABS
Translation: Intended: ‘The girl whitened her teeth by chewing (gum).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā lamu pulu e faʻa-pa~paʻe ai ona nifo .
Glosses: PST chew gum GENR CAUS-RED~white ANAPH 3SG.POSS teeth.ABS
Translation: She chewed gum to whiten her teeth.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Oso  Adesuwa .                         EDO
Glosses: Osa push Adesuwa fall
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Candii  sùa .                              LAO
Glosses: Jandee iron shirt smooth
Translation: Jandee ironed the shirt smooth.’ (Cole 2016: 51)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Bong ma   seli .                         DAAKAKA
Glosses: Bong REAL cut.INTR open.TR road
Translation: Bong opened/cleared the road by cutting (grass).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Shox bala derizini    chaq-iwet-di-ø .                         UYGHUR
Glosses: naughty child window-ACC hand-3SG.POSS-REL stone-ACC throw-LK break-COMPL-PST-3SG
Translation: The naughty child broke the window by throwing the stone in their/her/his hand.’ (Sugar 2019: 123)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Die Vase zerbrach   .                         GERMAN
Glosses: the vase broke through an earthquake
Translation: The vase broke from an earthquake.’ (Schäfer 2008: 127)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription:    skuriase to frahti                         GREEK
Glosses: the sea air rusted the fence
Translation: The sea air rusted the fence.’ (Alexiadou 2014: 884)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā  faʻa-mamā e Malia le laulau .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST wipe CAUS-clean ERG Mary ART table.ABS
Translation: Mary cleaned the table by wiping it.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: S’w--st҆aq҆-cis-ᵃ .                                                                                                    ATSUGEWI
Glosses: 1SG>3SG.FACT-with.stick-move.icky.material-into.fire-1SG>3SG.FACT
Translation: I prodded the guts into the fire with a stick.’ (Talmy 2000: 59)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Bong mwe   tiwiye beleem .                         DAAKAKA
Glosses: Bong REAL push rattle break door
Translation: Bong broke the door by push’n’rattling it.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . did Mary cut herself carving ___ ?.
Glosses: b . *Who did Mary cry after John hit ___ ?
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Bong ma * tiwiye lee ente .                         DAAKAKA
Glosses: Bong REAL cut.INTR break.TR tree DEM
Translation: Bong broke the tree by cutting it.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim hammered the metal .
Glosses: b . Kim cut the meat .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Kim schloss die Tür .                                                                           GERMAN
Glosses: Kim locked the door open.PART
Translation: Kim unlocked the door.’ (lit.: ‘Kim locked the door open.’)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription:  neveli a gyerek-ek-et .                                       HUNGARIAN
Glosses: football.player-DAT train.PRES.SG ART child-PL.ACC
Translation: S/he trains the children to become football players.’ (Matushansky 2012: 32)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Ngaju-rlu=rna paka-rnu nyampu jampita .                         WARLPIRI
Glosses: 1SG-ERG=1SG.SBJ hit-PST this can flatness-TRANS
Translation: I hit this can flat.’ (Margit Bowler, p.c.)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . Kim became a star by playing the lead role in a movie .
Glosses: b . Toni made Kim a star by casting her in the lead role of his movie .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sanmao peng--le jingzi .                                                            MANDARIN
Glosses: Sanmao bang-crack-PFV mirror
Translation: Sanmao banged the mirror, cracking it.’ (Tham 2012: 602)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Òzó giá írúnmwùn EDO
Glosses: Ozo cut grass be.short
Translation: Ozo cut the grass short.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Òzó giá írúnmwùn 
Glosses: Ozi cut grass short
Translation: Ozo cut the grass short.’ (Stewart 2001: 208)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Ozo sua omo  .                                                  EDO
Glosses: Ozo push child fall die
Translation: Ozo pushed the child down to its death.’ (Stewart 2001: 100)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā pulu faʻa--tala e Malia le faitoto’a .                         SAMOAN
Glosses: PST push CAUS-STAT-open ERG Mary ART door.ABS
Translation: Mary opened the door by pushing it.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wazi xi-le .                                                  MANDARIN
Glosses: socks wash-PFV
Translation: The socks washed.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Wazi xi-ganjing-le .
Glosses: socks wash-clean-PFV
Translation: Lit.: ‘The socks washed clean.’ (Martin et al. forthcoming: 9)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: a . The window opened from the wind / *by John .
Glosses: b . The window was opened by John .
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Shu kan-dao-le .                                                                                                                            MANDARIN
Glosses: tree chop-fall-PFV
Translation: The tree got chopped down.’ (Lin 2004: 105)
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: Zhangsan chi-bao-le .
Glosses: Zhangsan eat-full-PFV
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Xiaohair ya-bu-bian ni-tuan .                                                  MANDARIN
Glosses: child press-NEG-flat mudball
Translation: The child is unable to flatten the mudball by pressing it.’ (Tham 2012: 609)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā toe siva le tama .                                                                                       SAMOAN
Glosses: PST again dance ART boy
Translation: The boy danced again.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ‘ua  e alu ‘i le ā’oga .                                                                     SAMOAN
Glosses: INCH unwilling GENR go OBL ART school
Translation: S/he was unwilling to go to school.’ (Mosel & Hovdhaugen 1992: 369)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ‘ua taufai oso tagata ‘iate ia   .
Glosses: INCH all jump people OBL 3SG with ART anger
Translation: The people jumped on him angrily.’ (Mosel & Hovdhaugen 1992: 385)
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā solo #(e) le tama .                                                                               SAMOAN
Glosses: PST wipe ERG ART boy
Translation: The boy wiped (something).
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Sā solo laulau (*e) le tama .
Glosses: PST wipe table ERG ART boy
Translation: The boy wiped tables.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Oni vchera nanyali kogo-to , kto govorit po-francuzski , a takzhe po-nemecki .
Glosses: They yesterday hired who-EI who speaks at-French, and also at-German . 
Translation: They hired someone who speaks French yesterday, and also German.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Oni vchera nanjali kogo-to , kto govorit po-francuzski , a takzhe ètot chelovek govorit po-nemecki .
Glosses: They yesterday hired who-EI who speaks at-French, and also this person speaks at-German . 
Translation: They hired someone who speaks French yesterday, and this person also speaks German.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Yo solo quería que la gente sepa mi punto de vista .
Glosses: I only want.IND.PST that the people know.SBJV.PRS my point of view
Translation: I only wanted for people to know my point of view.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: yo no quería que él me demuestre eso , sino que supiera que yo no me animaba a decirle muchas cosas .
Glosses: I not want.IND.PST that he me prove.SBJV.PRS that but that know.SBJV.PST that I not me dare.IND.PST to tell=him many things
Translation: I didn’t want him to prove me that, I just wanted for him to know that there were many things I didn’t dare tell him.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: No me gustó que no esté con nosotros en ese momento , cuando  siempre estaba .
Glosses: not me like.IND.PST that not be.SBJ.PRS.3SG with us in that moment when  always be.IND.PST
Translation: I didn’t like it for him/her not to be with us at that moment, since he/she was always there.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Patricia quiere que le den/ *dieran un premio .
Glosses: Patricia want.IND.PRS that him/her give.SBJV.PRS 3PL/ *give.SBJV.PST 3PL a prize
Translation: Patricia wants (for him/her) to be given a prize.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Patricia dudaba que Pedro *esté/ estuviera enfermo .
Glosses: Patricia doubt.IND.PST that Pedro *be.SBJV.PRS/ be.SBJV.PST ill
Translation: Patricia doubted that Pedro was ill.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: El ministro niega que hubiera un acuerdo previo .
Glosses: The minister deny.IND.PRS that have.SBJV.PST 3SG a previous agreement . 
Translation: The minister denies that there was a previous agreement.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: El ministro negó que haya un acuerdo previo .
Glosses: The minister deny.IND.PST that have.SBJV.PRS 3SG a previous agreement
Translation: The minister denied that there is a previous agreement.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Me dijo que iba a la reunión de ayer .
Glosses: me tell.IND.PST.3SG that go.IND.PST.3SG to the meeting of yesterday
Translation: S/he told me s/he would go to yesterday’s meeting.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Me dijo que va a la reunión *(de ayer).
Glosses: me tell.IND.PST.3SG that go.IND.PRS.3SG to the meeting *(of yesterday)
Translation: S/he told me s/he will go to (*yesterday’s/the) meeting.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Me dijo que fuera a la reunión de ayer .
Glosses: me tell.IND.PST.3SG that go.SBJV.PST.1SG to the meeting of yesterday
Translation: S/he told me to go to yesterday’s meeting.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Me dijo que vaya a la reunión *(de ayer).
Glosses: me tell.IND.PST.3SG that go.SBJV.PRS.1SG to the meeting *(of yesterday)
Translation: S/he told me to go to (*yesterday’s/the) meeting.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Patricia quiere que le dieran un premio .
Glosses: Patricia want.IND.PRS that him/her give.SBJV.PST.3PL a prize
Translation: *‘Patricia wants (for him/her) to have been given a prize.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ?*Patricia dudaba que Pedro sea sincero .
Glosses: Patricia doubt.IND.PST that Pedro be.SBJV.PRS honest
Translation: ?*‘Patricia doubted that Pedro is honest.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: *Los economistas pronostican que se produjo una crisis .
Glosses: the economists forecast.IND.PRS that REFl produce.IND.PST a crisis . 
Translation: *‘Economists forecast that there was a crisis.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ?*Los economistas pensaban que estamos en crisis .
Glosses: the economists think.IND.PST that be.IND.PRS.1PL in crisis . 
Translation: ?*‘Economists thought that we are going through a crisis.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Patricia logró/ quería/ pidió que le dieran un premio .
Glosses: Patricia manage.IND.PST / want.IND.PST / ask.IND.PST that him/her give.SBJV.PST.3PL a prize
Translation: Patricia managed /wanted/asked to be given a prize.