lecslab/glosslm-corpus-split huggingface dataset:
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: məs'ħafti (bɨ-Yared) tə-nəyr-u(-wwo)
Glosses: books by-Yared PASS-HAVE.PST-3MSG.S-3MSG.O
Translation: Intended: `*Books were had by Yared.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: nɨssa k'əlt'ifa kɨ-t-məs's'ɨʔ (bɨ-Selam) tə-nəyr-u(-wa)
Glosses: she hurriedly FUT-3FSG.S-come by-Selam PASS-HAVE.PST-3MSG.S-3MSG.O
Translation: Intended: `She was had/made to come hurriedly by Selam.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Yared (bɨ-)məħazut tə-nəyr-u(-wwo)
Glosses: Yared by-friends PASS-HAVE.PST-3MSG.S-3MSG.O
Translation: Intended: `*Yared was had by friends.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Selam (bɨ)-ʔax'uħut kɨ-t-ħas'ɨb tə-nəyr-u(-wa)
Glosses: Selam by-utensils FUT-3FSG.S-wash PASS-HAVE.PST-3MSG.S-3FSG.O
Translation: Intended: `Selam was had/made to do the dishes.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Selam_i kɨ-t-dɨk'k'ɨs [PRO_i fəttin-a]
Glosses: Selam FUT-3FSG.S-sleep.IPFV _ try.PFV-3FSG.S
Translation: Selam tried to sleep.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Selam_i kɨ-t-dɨk'k'ɨs [PRO_i ʔəʔmin-a-tta]
Glosses: Selam FUT-3FSG.S-sleep.IPFV _ persuade.PFV-3FSG.S-3FSG.O
Translation: Selam persuaded her(self) to sleep.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Selam bɨzuħ gənzəb kɨ-hɨllɨw-wa fəttin-a
Glosses: Selam many money FUT-HAVE-3FSG.O try.PFV-3FSG.S
Translation: Selam tried to have a lot of money.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Selam nabzi kɨ-t-məs's'ɨʔ kəm-zə-ʔalləw-wa fəllit'-a
Glosses: Selam here FUT-3FSG.S-come COMP-REL-HAVE-3FSG.O try.PFV-3FSG.S
Translation: Selam has to try to come here.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Selam bɨzuħ gənzəb kɨ-hɨllɨw-wa ʔəʔmin-a-tta
Glosses: Selam many money FUT-HAVE-3FSG.O persuade.PFV-3FSG-3FSG.O
Translation: Selam persuaded her(self) to have a lot of money.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Selam nabzi kɨ-t-məs's'ɨʔ kəm-zə-ʔalləw-wa ʔəʔmin-att-a
Glosses: Selam here FUT-3FSG.S-come COMP-REL-HAVE-3FSG.O persuade.PFV-3FSG-3FSG.O
Translation: Selam persuaded her(self) that she has to come here.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: nɨssa ʔəbʕur ʔalləw-u-wwa
Glosses: she oxen HAVE-3MPL.S-3FSG.O
Translation: She has oxen.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: nɨssa kɨ-t-məs's'ɨʔ ʔalləw-wa
Glosses: she FUT-3FSG.S-come HAVE-3FSG.O
Translation: She has to come.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: nɨssu nɨʕaʕa sɨʕɨm-u-wwa
Glosses: he her kiss.PFV-3MSG.S-3FSG.O
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Yared nɨ-Selam sʼərif-u-wwa
Glosses: Yared ACC-Selam insult.PFV-3MSG.S-3FSG.O
Translation: Yared insulted Selam.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: wədd-u kulɨʃaʕ nab-bet-tɨmhɨrti kəm-zɨ-xəyyɨd səmiʕ-u-(*wwo)
Glosses: son-his always to-house-education COMP-3MSG.S-go.IPFV hear.PFV-3MSG.S(-3MSG.O)
Translation: He heard that his son always goes to school.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: (nɨssu) nab-t-i-bet-tɨmhɨrti kəyd-u-(*wwo)
Glosses: he to-D-MSG-house-education go.PFV-3MSG.S(-3MSG.O)
Translation: He went to the school.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ɡwal-u nab-bet-tɨmhɨrti zəy-mɨ-xad-a ʔannaddid-u-*(wwo)
Glosses: daughter-his to-house-education NEG-NML-go-3FSG.POSS annoy.PFV-3MSG.S(-3MSG.O)
Translation: That his daughter didn't go to school annoyed him.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: tɨħti-fɨraʃ t'ɨrə gənzəb yɨ-ħɨbəʔəll-u-(*wwo)
Glosses: under-mattress raw money 3MSG-hide.IPFV-3MSG.S(-3MSG.O)
Translation: Under the mattress is where you stash the cash.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: það virðst/*virðast einhverri konu myndirnar vera ljótar
Glosses: EXPL seem.3SG/3PL some woman.DAT paintings.the.NOM be ugly
Translation: It seems to some woman that the paintings are ugly.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: Henni virðst myndirnar vera ljótar
Glosses: her.DAT seem.3PL paintings.the.NOM be ugly
Translation: It seems to her that the paintings are ugly.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: ʔɨt-i maʕsʼo kɨ-sʼɨɡɡən ʔalləw-wo
Glosses: D-MSG door FUT-fix.IPFV HAVE-(3MSG.S)-3MSG.O
Translation: The door has to be fixed.
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: nɨ-ʔɨt-i maʕsʼo kɨ-sʼɨɡɡɨn-o ʔalləw-wo
Glosses: D-MSG door FUT-fix.IPFV-3MSG.O HAVE-(3MSG.S)-3MSG.O
Translation: He has to fix the door.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Njíŋwὲ fɔ̄ à mū yɛ̄ bō fɔ̄ nìŋkòr .
Glosses: woman DET SM PST2 see children DET yesterday
Translation: The woman saw the children yesterday.
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Nfòr à mū zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: Nfor SM PST2 eat food
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Nfòr à cɨ́ zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: Nfor SM PROG eat food
Translation: Nfor is eating food.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Nfòr (*à) bí zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: Nfor SM FUT1 eat food
Translation: Nfor will eat food.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Nfòr (*à) kɨ́ zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: Nfor SM HAB eat food
Translation: Nfor regularly eats food.
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Wὲr *(à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: 1PL.EXC SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Sì *(à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: 1PL.INC SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Yì *(à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: 2PL SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Wōyè *(ó) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: 3PL 3PL.SM PST2 work
Translation: They worked.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Bō fɔ̄ *(ó) mū zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: children DET 3PL.SM PST2 eat food
Translation: The children ate food.
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Mὲ (*à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: 1SG SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Wὲ (*à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: 2SG SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Í (*à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: 3SG SM PST2 work
Translation: (S)he worked.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Wὲr (*à) bí fàʔ .
Glosses: 1PL.EXC SM FUT1 work
Translation: We(excl) will work.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Mὲ (*à) bí fàʔ .
Glosses: 1SG SM FUT1 work
Translation: I will work.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Rtāā fɔ̄ à mū gwê .
Glosses: 5.cap DET SM PST2 fall
Translation: The cap fell.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Mtāā fɔ̄ ó mū gwê .
Glosses: 6.cap DET 3PL.SM PST2 fall
Translation: The caps fell.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Nà fɔ̄ à mū būmī .
Glosses: 10.cow DET SM PST2 sleep
Translation: The cow slept.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Mnà fɔ̄ ó mū būmī .
Glosses: 10.pl.cow DET 3PL.SM PST2 sleep
Translation: The cows slept.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Gant o mamm e karf-ent/*karf-e pro bezañ .
Glosses: with their mother R would.love-3PL/*would.love-3SG 3PL be.INF
Translation: They would like to be with their mother.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Gant o mamm e karf-e/*karf-ent Azenor ha Iona bezañ .
Glosses: with their mother R would.love-3SG/*would.love-3PL Azenor and Iona be.INF
Translation: Azenor and Iona would like to be with their mother.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Gwelodd e/hi ddraig .
Glosses: see.PST.3SG he/she dragon
Translation: He saw a dragon.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Gwelon nhw ddraig .
Glosses: see.PST.3PL they dragon
Translation: They saw a dragon.
Language: Welsh (English translation)
Transcription: Gwelodd y bachgen/bechgyn ddraig .
Glosses: see.PST.3SG the boy/boys dragon
Translation: The boy/boys saw a dragon.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: [Ŋwὲ rlɔ̄ fɔ̄ bá wὲ]_2pl à mū zhé bā.
Glosses: person prayer the and you.SG SM PST2 eat fufu
Translation: The reverend and you ate fufu.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: [Wὲ bá mὲ]_1pl à mū zhé bā.
Glosses: 2SG and 1SG SM PST2 eat fufu
Translation: You(SG) and I ate fufu.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: [Ŋwὲ rlɔ̄ bá yà bàá]_3pl ó mū zhé bā.
Glosses: person prayer and my father 3PL.SM PST2 eat fufu
Translation: The reverend and my father ate fufu.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á ndá_1 cí í_1 ∅ mū zhé bzhɨ́ (à)?
Glosses: FOC who COMP 3SG.RP SM PST2 eat food Q
Translation: Who_F ate food?
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á Nfòr_1 cí í_1 ∅ mū zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: FOC Nfor COMP 3SG.RP SM PST2 eat food
Translation: Nfor_F ate food.' (new information focus)
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Mὲ rɨ̀ŋ njíŋwὲ_1 [ zhɨ̀ í_1 ∅ cɨ́ yɛ̄ ŋgwē fɔ̄ ].
Glosses: 1SG know woman _ REL 3SG.RP ∅ SM PROG see dog DET
Translation: I know the woman who is seeing the dog.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Í ∅ cɨ́ fàʔ mí ŋkàʔ .
Glosses: S/He SM PROG work in garden
Translation: S/He is working in the garden.
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Nfòr *(à) mū zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: Nfor SM PST2 eat food
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Wὲr/sì/yì *(à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: 1PL.E/1PL.I/2PL SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Á wὲr/sì/yì cí wὲr/sì/yì *(à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: FOC 1PL.EXC/1PL.INC/2PL COMP 1PL.EXC/1PL.INC/2PL SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Á mὲ/wὲ/í cí mὲ/wὲ/í (*à) mū fàʔ .
Glosses: FOC 1SG/2SG/3SG COMP 1SG/2SG/3SG SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á bō fɔ̄ cí (*wōyè) ó mū zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: FOC children DET COMP 3PL.RP 3PL.SM PST2 eat food
Translation: The children_F ate food.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á wōyè cí (*wōyè) ó mū zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: FOC 3PL COMP 3PL.RP SM PST2 eat food
Translation: They_F ate food.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á yì cí mὲ ∅ mū yōʔ nsūŋ zhɨ̌-nɛ̄ yì à mū fàʔ .
Glosses: FOC 2PL COMP I SM PST2 hear rumour 3SG.INAN-COMP 2PL SM PST2 work
Translation: I have heard the rumour that you(pl)_F have worked.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á Nfòr cí mὲ ∅ mū yōʔ nsūŋ zhɨ̌-nɛ̄ í mū fàʔ .
Glosses: FOC Nfor COMP I SM PST2 hear rumour 3SG.INAN-COMP 3SG PST2 work
Translation: I have heard the rumour that Nfor_F has worked.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á wōyè cí mὲ ∅ mū yōʔ nsūŋ zhɨ̌-nɛ̄ (*wōyè) ó mū fàʔ .
Glosses: FOC 3PL COMP I SM PST2 hear rumour 3SG.INAN-COMP 3PL 3PL.SM PST2 work
Translation: I have heard the rumour that they_F have worked.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Mὲ bá yà bàá à níŋī. *(Wὲr) à bā kɔ̄nī Nfòr à ŋgàbtfəʔ .
Glosses: I and my father SM arrive 1PL.EXC SM PST1 meet Nfor in morning
Translation: Me and my father have arrived. We met Nfor in the morning.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Wὲ bá yà bàá à níŋī. *(Yí) à bā kɔ̄nī Nfòr à ŋgàbtfəʔ .
Glosses: you and my father SM arrive 2PL SM PST1 meet Nfor in morning
Translation: You and my father have arrived. You met Nfor in the morning.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á bō cí (*wōyè) ó mū zhé bzhɨ́.
Glosses: FOC children COMP 3PL 3PL.SM PST3 eat food
Translation: The children_F ate food.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Bfər ó níŋī. (*Wōyè) Ó kēʔ ā mʉ̄ʔshɨ̄ mŋkòb .
Glosses: relatives 3PL.SM arrive 3PL 3PL.SM start to open suitcases
Translation: The relatives have arrived. (They) have already started unpacking their suitcases.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Nfòr à níŋī. *(Í) ∅ bā kɔ̄nī wὲr à ŋgàbtfəʔ .
Glosses: Nfor SM arrive he SM PST1 meet 1PL in morning
Translation: Nfor has arrived. He met us in the morning.
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Á yé cí í ∅ mū fàʔ .
Glosses: FOC 3SG COMP 3SG SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Nfòr à níŋī. Mὲ ∅ bā yɛ̄ *(yē) à ŋgàbtfəʔ .
Glosses: Nfor SM arrive I SM PST1 see 3SG.OBJ in morning
Translation: Nfor has arrived. I saw him in the morning.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Bfər ó níŋī. Mὲ ∅ bā yɛ̄ *(wō) à ŋgàbtfəʔ .
Glosses: relatives 3PL.SM arrive I SM PST1 see 3PL.OBJ in morning
Translation: The relatives have arrived. I met them in the morning.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Mὲ rɨ̀ŋ njíŋwὲ [ zhɨ̀ í ∅ cí yɛ̄ ŋgwē fɔ̄ ].
Glosses: 1SG know woman _ REL.P 3SG ∅ SM PROG see dog DET
Translation: I know the woman who is seeing the dog.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Nfòr *í/à mū fàʔ .
Glosses: Nfor *3SG.RP/SM PST2 work
Translation: Nfor worked.
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Á Nfòr cí í/*à mū fàʔ .
Glosses: FOC Nfor COMP 3SG.RP/*SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum ( translation)
Transcription: Á Nfòr í/à mū fàʔ .
Glosses: FOC Nfor 3SG.RP/SM PST2 work
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á Ngàlá (cí) mὲ bí kɔ̄nī.
Glosses: FOC Ngala COMP I FUT1 meet
Translation: I will meet Ngala_F.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á wō(yè)/mὲ/yì cí Nfòr à mū lìb *wō/*ó/*mὲ/*yì/.
Glosses: FOC 3PL/1SG/2PL COMP Nfor SM PST2 beat 3PL.RP/3PL.SM/1SG/2PL/
Translation: Them/me/you(pl.)_F, Nfor has hit.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á ndāp cí mὲ ∅ mū yōʔ nsūŋ zhɨ̌-nɛ̄ Nfòr à mū bō *zhī/.
Glosses: FOC house COMP I SM PST2 hear rumour 3SG.INAN-COMP Nfor SM PST2 build 3SG.INAN.OBJ/
Translation: I have heard a rumour that a house_F Nfor has built.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á wō(yè) cí mὲ ∅ mū yōʔ nsūŋ zhɨ̌-nɛ̄ Nfòr à mū kɔ̄nī *ó/*wō/.
Glosses: FOC 3PL COMP I SM PST2 hear rumour 3SG.INAN-COMP Nfor SM PST2 meet 3PL.SM/3PL/
Translation: I have heard a rumour that them_F Nfor has met.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á wō(yè)/mὲ/yì (cí) Nfòr à mū būmī káʔ ànjɔ́ʔ í ∅ mū lìb *ó/*wō/*mὲ/*yì/
Glosses: FOC 3PL/1SG/2PL COMP Nfor SM PST2 sleep NEG because 3SG SM PST2 beat 3PL.SM/3PL/1SG/2PL/
Translation: Nfor didn't sleep because them/me/you(pl.)_F he hit.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á r-bò cí Nfòr bí bō ndāp .
Glosses: FOC 5-build COMP Nfor FUT1 build house
Translation: Nfor will build_F a house.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á r-[bò ndāp] cí Nfòr bí gī.
Glosses: FOC 5-build house COMP Nfor FUT1 do
Translation: Nfor will [build a house]_F.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á r-bò cí mὲ ∅ mū yōʔ [nsūŋ zhɨ̌-nɛ̄ Nfòr bí bō ndāp].
Glosses: FOC 5-build COMP 1SG SM PST2 hear news 3SG.INAN-COMP Nfor FUT1 build house
Translation: I heard a rumour that Nfor will build_F a house.
Language: Limbum (English translation)
Transcription: Á r-[bò ndāp] cí mὲ ∅ mū yōʔ [nsūŋ zhɨ̌-nɛ̄ Nfòr bí gī].
Glosses: FOC 5-build house COMP 1SG SM PST2 hear news 3SG.INAN-COMP Nfor FUT1 do
Translation: I heard a rumour that Nfor will [build a house]_F.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Ni-li-mw-ona mwana-we .
Glosses: 1SG-PST-1OM-see 1child-POSS.3SG
Translation: I saw his child.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Ni-li-ona mwana-we .
Glosses: 1SG-PST-see 1child-POSS.3SG
Translation: Intended: `I saw his child.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Ni-li-(zi)-ona picha hizo .
Glosses: 1SG-PST-10OM-see 10picture those
Translation: I saw those pictures.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: He encontrado *(a) la niña .
Glosses: have.1SG found DAT=DOM DEF.F.SG girl
Translation: I found the girl.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: He encontrado (*a) el libro .
Glosses: have.1SG found DAT=DOM DEF.M.SG book
Translation: I found the book.' ( : ex. 1a, b)
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Kandi omúgulu ba-hĩka okó ndeko , omundú mw-á-hĩka uku Yésu .
Glosses: again 3time 2-arrive 17LOC 9crowd, 1person AFF-3SG-arrive UKU Jesus
Translation: When they came to the crowd, a man approached Jesus.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Neryo Yésu… mw-á-hĩka oko Yorodáni .
Glosses: then Jesus AFF-3SG-arrive 17LOC 19Jordan
Translation: Then Jesus came to the Jordan.' (Matthew 3: 13)
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: tú-lya-byá tw-a-hiká kú-bó , bá-má-tú-bwira ba-ti ....
Glosses: 1PL-TAM-be 1PL-TAM-arrive UKU-2pro 2-TAM-1PL-told 2-say
Translation: When we reached them, they told us that….
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Vado in/*dalla città .
Glosses: go.1SG DIR/DIR=DOM.DEF.F.SG city
Translation: I go to the city.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Vado dal/*in dottore/mio amico .
Glosses: go.1SG DIR=DOM.DEF.M.SG/DIR doctor/my friend
Translation: I go to the doctor/my friend.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Maryá sy-á-wíte uku kitábu .
Glosses: Marya NEG-3SG-have UKU 7book
Translation: Mary doesn't have any book.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Maryá sy-á-wíte oko kitábu .
Glosses: Marya NEG-3SG-have OKO 7book
Translation: Mary doesn't have the book.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: olumekeke mo-lu-ka-kululuk-ir-a oko Tekela
Glosses: 11baby AFF-11-TAM-crawl-APPL-FV 17LOC Thekla
Translation: The baby crawled (all over) on Thekla.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: olumekeke mo-lu-ka-kululuk-ir-a oko musesa .
Glosses: 11baby AFF-11-TAM-crawl-APPL-FV 17LOC 3bed
Translation: The baby crawled (all over) on the bed.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Kámbale a-wíte (*oko) enyúmba .
Glosses: Kambale 3SG-have 17LOC 9house
Translation: Kambale has a house.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Kámbale a-wíte *(oko) kitábu .
Glosses: Kambale 3SG-have 17LOC 7book
Translation: Kambale has a book.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: A-wíte esyofarángâ .
Glosses: 3SG-have 10money
Translation: He has money (in general).
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: A-wíte oko farángâ .
Glosses: 3SG-has 17LOC 10money
Translation: He has money (on him).
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: A-wíte ekitumaíni
Glosses: 3SG-have 7hope
Translation: She/he has hope.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Maryá a-wity' ámeso awûwéne .
Glosses: Marya 3SG-have 6eye 6beautiful
Translation: Mary has beautiful eyes.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Nyi-ná-wíte okó mútoká kw' eyíhyâ .
Glosses: 1SG-VER-have 17OKO 3car 17LK 24outside
Translation: I indeed have a car outside.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: A-ná-wíte omútoka .
Glosses: 3SG-VER-have 3car
Translation: He has (owns) a car.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: A-ná-wíte okó mútoka .
Glosses: 3SG-VER-have 17LOC 3car
Translation: He has a car available.' (He might own it or just have it temporarily.)
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Ná-kúrugut-a [ omugóngo w-a Sárah ]
Glosses: 1SG-scrub-FV _ 3back 3-ASSOC Sarah _
Translation: I scrubbed Sarah's back.' (lit: I scrubbed the back of Sarah)
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Ná-kúrugut-ta [ Sáráh ] y' [ *(oko-)mugóngo ]
Glosses: 1SG-scrubbed-FV _ Sarah _ LK _ 17LOC-3back _
Translation: I scrubbed Sarah's back.' (lit: I scrubbed Sarah on the back.)
Language: Nande ( translation)
Transcription: Ná-mat-ul-a [ ezípe y-a Sárah ]
Glosses: 1SG-fasten-REV-FV _ 9zipper 9-ASSOC Sarah _
Language: Nande ( translation)
Transcription: Ná-mat-ul-a [ *(oko-)Sáráh ] kw' [ ezípe ]
Glosses: 1SG-fasten-REV-FV _ 17LOC-Sarah _ LK _ 9zipper _
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Mó-b-erír-y-e [ ebíringó by-' omútoka ]
Glosses: AFF-2-clean-TRANS-FV _ 8wheel 8-ASSOC 3car _
Translation: They cleaned the wheels of the car.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Mó-b-erír-y-e [ *(okó-)mútoká ] kw' [ ebíríngo ]
Glosses: AFF-2-clean-TRANS-FV _ 17LOC-3car _ LK _ 8wheel _
Translation: They cleaned the wheels of the car.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Omundú mw-á-híka uku/*oko Yesu .
Glosses: 1person AFF-3SG-arrive (-AUG)17LOC/*17LOC Jesus
Translation: Someone came to Jesus.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Omundú mw-á-híka uku/?oko Yésú k' omotututu .
Glosses: 1person AFF-3SG-arrive (-AUG)17LOC/17LOC Jesus LK' 18morning
Translation: Someone came to Jesus in the morning.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Omundú mw-á-híka *uku/oko muyî .
Glosses: 1person AFF-3SG-arrive (-AUG)17LOC/17LOC 3village
Translation: Someone came to the village.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Omundú mw-á-híka *uku/oko muyî kw’omotututu ..
Glosses: 1person AFF-3SG-arrive (-AUG)17LOC/17LOC 3village LK'18morning
Translation: Someone came to the village in the morning.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: N-ibá-ky' oko/*uku Maryâ .
Glosses: 1SG-steal-7CL 17LOC/(-AUG)17LOC Marya
Translation: I stole it from Marya.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Ná-ki-iba *oko/uku Maryâ .
Glosses: 1SG-7OM-steal 17LOC/(-AUG)17LOC Marya
Translation: I stole it from Marya.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Ékihij kyó w-ibá j *oko/uku Maryâ .
Glosses: 7what 7FOC 2SG-steal _ 17LOC/(-AUG)17LOC Marya
Translation: What did you steal from Marya?
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: mó-na-lak-ír-y-e [ Kámbalé ] y' [ okó níndo ].
Glosses: AFF-1SG-hit-TAM-TRANS _ Kambale _ LK _ 17LOC 9nose _
Translation: I punched Kambale in the nose.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Kámbaléj a-lak-i-báwa j okó níndo .
Glosses: Kambale 3SG-hit-TRANS-PASS _ 17LOC 9nose
Translation: Kambale was hit on the nose.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Éníndo y-a-lak-i-báwá-kô .
Glosses: 9nose 9-TAM-hit-TRANS-PASS-KO
Translation: (His) nose was hit.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: *okó níndo y-a-lak-i-báwá .
Glosses: 17LOC 9nose 9-TAM-hit-TRANS-PASS
Translation: (His) nose was hit.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: mó-na-tuláng-ire [ oko nyúngú ] kw' [ omúkóno ].
Glosses: AFF-1SG-broke-TAM _ 17LOC 9pot _ LK _ 3handle _
Translation: I broke the vessel's handle.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: mó-na-tuláng-ire [ omúkóno ] w' [ oko nyúngú ].
Glosses: AFF-1SG-broke-TAM _ 3handle _ LK _ 17LOC 9pot . _
Translation: I broke the vessel's handle.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Ébíringó by-éri-báwa okó mútoka .
Glosses: 8wheel 8-cleaned-PASS 17LOC 3car
Translation: The wheels were cleaned on the car.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Okó mútoka kw-éri-báwa ébíringó .
Glosses: 17LOC 3car 17-cleaned-PASS 8wheel
Translation: On the car was cleaned the wheels.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Omútoka éri-báwa-ko ébíringó .
Glosses: 3car 3.clean-PASS-KO 8wheel
Translation: Literally: `The car was cleaned on the wheels.
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: omúti a-né kw' ehinyúnyu .
Glosses: 3tree 3-be(ASSERT-) 17LOC 19bird
Translation: The tree has birds (on it).
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: etsúkudu yi-rí-ko ebíringó .
Glosses: 9cart 9-be-17LOC 8wheel
Translation: The cart has wheels (on it).
Language: Nande (English translation)
Transcription: Omundú mw-á-híka [uku/?oko Yésú [ k' omotututu ]].
Glosses: 1person AFF-3SG-arrive (-AUG)17LOC/17LOC Jesus _ 17LK' 18morning _
Translation: Someone came to Jesus in the morning.
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Wadda+hálaq-u waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: road+snake-M.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Málab-ku waa fiicán yahay .
Glosses: honey(M.SG)-M.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.M.COP.PRS
Translation: The honey is good.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Shimbír-tu waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: bird(F.SG)-F.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Translation: The bird is good.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: gaari+fáras-ka
Glosses: car+horse-M.DEF
Translation: the horse cart
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: búug-ga macállin-ka
Glosses: book-M.DEF teacher-M.DEF
Translation: the book of the teacher
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Gaari+fáras-ku waa fiicán yahay .
Glosses: car+horse-M.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.M.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Fool+maroodí-gu waa fiicán yahay .
Glosses: tooth+elephant-M.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.M.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Laf+aráx-du waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: bone+vertebra-F.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Kabsar+caleén-tu waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: herb+leaf-F.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Bur+saliíd-ku waa fiicán yahay .
Glosses: cake/flour+oil-M.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.M.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Daacuun+caloól-ku waa xún yahay .
Glosses: cholera+stomach-M.DEF.NOM DECL bad 3SG.M.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Shimbir+málab-tu waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: bird+honey-F.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Laf+gárab-tu waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: bone+shoulder-F.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Fool+díin-ku waa xún tahay .
Glosses: labor.pain+turtle.M.DEF.NOM DECL bad 3SG.F-COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Laf+sakáar-ku ∼-tu waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: bone+chest-M.DEF.NOM ∼-F.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Bir+jíir-ku ∼-tu waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: iron+mouse-M.DEF.NOM ∼-F.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Wadda+hungúri-gu waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: road+throat-M.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Translation: The esophagus (the throat-road) is good.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Wadda+hungúri-du waa fiicán tahay .
Glosses: road+throat-F.DEF.NOM DECL good 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Translation: The esophagus (the throat-road) is good.
Language: Somali ( translation)
Transcription: Bir+xárbi-du waa xún tahay .
Glosses: iron+war-F.DEF.NOM DECL bad 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Das Mädchen , das ich gesehen habe ...
Glosses: DEF.N girl that.N I seen have
Translation: the girl I saw…
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Schau dir dieses Mädchen an , wie gut sie/es Tennis spielt
Glosses: look you this.N girl at how good 3SG.F/N tennis plays
Translation: Do look at this girl, see how well she plays tennis.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Èt-a vzyskatel'nost', samokritičnost' tože raspolagal-i k nemu .
Glosses: This-F.SG.NOM exactingness.(F.SG.NOM) self-criticalness.(F.SG.NOM) also disposed-PL to 3SG.M.DAT
Translation: This exactingness and self-criticalness also disposed me favorably towards him.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Gabádh-dha iyo wíil-ku=ba waa baahán yihiin .
Glosses: girl-F.DEF and boy-M.DEF.NOM=each DECL hungry 3PL.COP.PRS
Translation: The girl and the boy are hungry.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Wíil-ka iyo gabádh-dhu=ba waa baahán yihiin .
Glosses: boy-M.DEF and girl-F.DEF.NOM=each DECL hungry 3PL.COP.PRS
Translation: The boy and the girl are hungry.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Hálkáas báa=ay joog-een libáax-a ama abeesá-da .
Glosses: there FOC=3PL stay-PST.3PL lion-M.DEF or python-F.DEF
Translation: The lion or the python was there.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Hálkáas báa=ay joog-een abeesá-da ama libáax-a .
Glosses: there FOC=3PL stay-PST.3PL python-F.DEF or lion-M.DEF
Translation: The python or the lion was there.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Búug-ga macállin-ku waa adág yahay .
Glosses: book-M.DEF teacher-M.DEF.NOM DECL hard 3SG.M.COP.PRS
Translation: The book of the (male) teacher is hard/difficult.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Búug-ga macallimád-du waa adág yahay .
Glosses: book-M.DEF teacher-F.DEF.NOM DECL hard 3SG.M.COP.PRS
Translation: The book of the (female) teacher is hard/difficult.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Warqád-da macállin-ku waa adág tahay .
Glosses: paper-F.DEF teacher-M.DEF.NOM DECL hard 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Translation: The paper of the (male) teacher is hard/difficult.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Warqád-da macallimád-du waa adág tahay .
Glosses: paper-F.DEF teacher-F.DEF.NOM DECL hard 3SG.F.COP.PRS
Translation: The paper of the (female) teacher is hard/difficult.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: hooyó iyo aabbé
Glosses: mother and father
Translation: a mother and a father
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: hooyá-da iyo aabbá-ha
Glosses: mother-F.DEF and father-M.DEF
Translation: the mother and the father
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: hooyó iyo aabbá-ha
Glosses: mother and father-M.DEF
Translation: (Intended: `the mother and father')
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: hooyá-da iyo aabbé
Glosses: mother-F.DEF and father
Translation: (Intended: `the mother and father')
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Labá-da nín=ba waa dheerdhéer yihiin .
Glosses: two-F.DEF man.GEN=each DECL tall.PL 3PL.COP.PRS
Translation: The two men (lit. the two of man) are tall.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: Tobán-ka naagoód=ba waa dheerdhéer yihiin .
Glosses: ten-M.DEF women.GEN=each DECL tall.PL 3PL.COP.PRS
Translation: The ten women (lit. the ten of women) are tall.
Language: Somali (English translation)
Transcription: tobán-iyo-labá-da
Glosses: ten(M)-and-two(F)-F.DEF
Translation: the twelve, twelve o'clock
Language: Seeku (English translation)
Transcription: nǎ səmâ
Glosses: PROSP dance
Translation:  will dance.
Language: Seeku (English translation)
Transcription: mó nǎ bi̋ sa̰̋
Glosses: 1SG.EMPH PROSP goat.PL buy.IRR
Translation: I will buy goats.
Language: Seeku (English translation)
Transcription: í wó nǎ wɛ́ ɲìi gȕɔ-fḭ̋ɛ̰-nɛ̋ kɔ̌ɔ je̋n ŋɛ́
Glosses: LOG EMPH PROSP FOC be.afraid.IRR night walk.NOM in.front NEG
Translation: I will not be afraid to walk at night.
Language: Seeku (English translation)
Transcription: ȉ kɛ́ mó ń jó wɛ́ ŋəmȁ sḭ̌ nəgȉ nɛ̏ òo
Glosses: COMP COP 1SG.EMPH 1SG say.IRR FOC blood be cow LOC EXCL
Translation: I said there is blood in a cow.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Kadeer jox na ma jën [b-u ma jox Roxaya]
Glosses: K give 3SG.PFV me fish CL-REL 1SG give R
Translation: Kadeer gave me a fish to give to Roxaya.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Kadeer jox na ma jën [ma jox Roxaya]
Glosses: K give 3SG.PFV me fish 1SG give R
Translation: Kadeer gave me a fish to give to Roxaya.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Kadeer jox na ma jën [b-u ma ko jox]
Glosses: K give 3SG.PFV me fish CL-REL 1SG her give
Translation: Kadeer gave me a fish to give to her.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Kadeer jox na ma jën [ma ko jox]
Glosses: K give 3SG.PFV me fish 1SG her give
Translation: Kadeer gave me a fish to give to her.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Kadeer jox na ma jën [ma jox ko]
Glosses: K give 3SG.PFV me fish 1SG give her
Translation: Kadeer gave me a fish to give to her.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Roxaya jox na Kadeer jën [*(b-u) mu-y togg]
Glosses: R give 3SG.PFV K fish CL-REL 3SG-IPFV cook
Translation: Roxaya gave Kadeer a fish to cook (habitually).
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: (u-j) yàmbaa j-u ñu tóx
Glosses: NDEF-CL marijuana CL-REL 3PL smoke
Translation: some marijuana that they smoked
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: (u-m) póón m-u ñu tóx
Glosses: NDEF-CL tobacco CL-REL 3PL smoke
Translation: some tobacco that they smoked
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Kadeer jox na ma jën b-u ma jox Roxaya
Glosses: K give 3SG.PFV me fish CL-REL 1SG give R
Translation: Default: `Kadeer gave me a fish that I gave to Roxaya.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Kadeer jox na ma jën b-u ma-y jox Roxaya
Glosses: K give 3SG.PFV me fish CL-REL 1SG-IPFV give R
Translation: Comment: `I haven't given her the fish yet.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Roxaya lekk na mango bi
Glosses: R eat 3SG.PFV mango DEF
Translation: Roxaya ate the mango.
Language: Wolof ( translation)
Transcription: Roxaya lekk na ko
Glosses: R eat 3SG.PFV it
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Roxaya wax na ma ne ...
Glosses: R say 3SG.PFV me that...
Translation: Roxaya told me that…
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: moo lekk mango bi
Glosses: 3SG.SBJ-FOC eat mango DEF
Translation: SHE ate the mango.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: dafa lekk mango bi
Glosses: 3SG.V-FOC eat mango DEF
Translation: she ATE the mango.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: dina lekk mango bi
Glosses: 3SG.FUT eat mango DEF
Translation: she will eat the mango.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: moo ko lekk
Glosses: 3SG.SBJ-FOC it eat
Translation: SHE ate it.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: daf ko lekk
Glosses: 3SG.V-FOC it eat
Translation: she ATE it.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: dina ko lekk
Glosses: 3SG.FUT it eat
Translation: she will eat it.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: jox naa [teere bi xale yi]
Glosses: give 1SG.PFV book DEF child DEF.PL
Translation: I gave the children the book.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: jox naa [ko xale yi]
Glosses: give 1SG.PFV it child DEF.PL
Translation: I gave it to the children.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Roxaya wax na Kadeer [mu ko togg-al jën]
Glosses: R say 3SG.PFV K 3SG her cook-BEN fish
Translation: Roxaya told Kadeer to cook her fish.
Language: Wolof ( translation)
Transcription: Roxaya báyyi na Kadeer [mu jënd ko]
Glosses: R let 3SG.PFV K 3SG buy it
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Bëgg naa [mu taw]
Glosses: want 1SG.PFV 3SG rain
Translation: I want it to rain.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Roxaya wax na Kadeer [mu ko-y togg-al jën]
Glosses: R say 3SG.PFV K 3SG her-IPFV cook-BEN fish
Translation: Roxaya told Kadeer to cook her fish (habitually).
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Roxaya wax na Kadeer [b-u(l) mu ko togg-al jën]
Glosses: R say 3SG.PFV K CL-C_NEG 3SG her cook-BEN fish
Translation: Roxaya told Kadeer not to cook her fish.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Jox naa Roxaya jën [(b-u) mu fog ne moo *(ko) japp]
Glosses: give 1SG.PFV Roxaya fish CL-REL 3SG pretend that 3SG.SBJ-FOC it catch
Translation: I gave Roxaya a fish to pretend that she caught it.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Lan la suunu yaay wax ne war nañu ko jënd ?
Glosses: what CWH.3SG our mother say that should 1PL.PFV it buy
Translation: What did our mother say that we should buy?
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Wu ñu wax la jigéén ji bëgg ?
Glosses: what 3PL.PFV say CWH.3SG woman the want
Translation: What did they say that the woman wants?
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Jox naa Roxaya jën [(b-u) mu fog ne xam-ul ne/*ndax ma ko japp]
Glosses: give 1SG.PFV Roxaya fish CL-REL 3SG pretend that know-NEG that/*if 1SG it catch
Translation: I gave Roxaya a fish to pretend that she didn't know that/*if I caught it.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Jox naa Roxaya jën bi [mu fog ne xam-ul ndax ma japp jën bi]
Glosses: give 1SG.PFV Roxaya fish DEF 3SG pretend that know-NEG if 1SG catch fish DEF
Translation: I gave Roxaya a fish to pretend that she didn't know if I caught the fish.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Jën [*(b-u) mu togg] mungi ci kaw tabal bi
Glosses: fish CL-REL 3SG cook 3SG.IPFV on top table DEF
Translation: A fish to cook is on the table.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Gis naa fas démb [w-u nga sopp]
Glosses: see 1SG.PFV horse yesterday CL-REL 2SG like
Translation: I saw a horse yesterday that you like.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Gis naa fas [w-u nga sopp] wi démb
Glosses: see 1SG.PFV horse CL-REL 2SG like DEF yesterday
Translation: I saw the horse that you like yesterday.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Gis naa fas wi démb [w-u nga sopp]
Glosses: see 1SG.PFV horse DEF yesterday CL-REL 2SG like
Translation: intended: `I saw the horse yesterday that you like.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Tekk naa [jën bi] ci tabal bi [(pur/*bu) mu togg]
Glosses: put 1SG.PFV fish DEF on table DEF (for/*REL) 3SG cook
Translation: I put the fish on the table to cook.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Ich hab dir einen Fisch [zu/zum kochen gegeben]
Glosses: I have you.DAT a.ACC fish to/to.DAT cook given
Translation: I gave you a fish to cook.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: [Ein Fisch zum/*zu kochen] liegt auf dem Tisch
Glosses: a fish to.DAT/*to cook lies on the table
Translation: A fish to cook is on the table.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Roxaya jox na Kadeer jën mu ko-y togg
Glosses: R give 3SG.PFV K fish 3SG it-IPFV cook
Translation: ≈ Roxaya gave Kadeer a fish, he cooks it.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Roxaya jox na Kadeer jën b-u mu togg ko
Glosses: R give 3SG.PFV K fish CL-REL 3SG cook it
Translation: Intended: Roxaya gave K a fish to cook.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: Jox-uma Roxaya jën mu togg (*ko)
Glosses: give-NEG.1SG.PFV Roxaya fish 3SG cook (*it)
Translation: I didn't give Roxaya a fish to cook.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: togg naa jën , ma lekk (ko)
Glosses: cook 1SG.PFV fish, 1SG eat (it)
Translation: I cooked a fish {to eat/I eat it}.
Language: Wolof (English translation)
Transcription: sopp naa jën , ma lekk *(ko)
Glosses: like 1SG.PFV fish, 1SG eat *(it)
Translation: I like fish { * to eat/I eat it}.
Language: Unknown language ( translation)
Transcription: /dawwí/
Glosses: elder
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: /dawwi/
Glosses: path
Translation: path
Language: Unknown language (English translation)
Transcription: aj “X” igitis
Glosses: 1SG “X” say.1SG
Translation: I say “X”
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: 1SG .SM-PST-1OM-see-FV (#Wekesa)
Glosses: *No OM-doubling
Translation: I saw him.’ (licit in a context where Wekesa is salient in the discourse)
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: N-á-ki-βon-a #(,) ée-m-bwa .
Glosses: 1SG.SM-REM-9OM-see-FV _ 9-9-dog
Translation: I saw it, the dog.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: n-aa-βu-l-íílé βúu-suma .
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-14OM-eat-PFV 14.14-ugali
Translation: I did eat the ugali!
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: N-a-ka-teekh-a ka-ma-kanda bwaangu
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-6OM-cook-FV 6-6-beans quickly
Translation: I cooked the beans quickly.’ (not: `I did cook the beans quickly.’)
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-(ka)-kes-a ka-ma-indi liina ?
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-6OM-harvest-FV 6-6-maize when
Translation: When did the children harvest the maize?’ OK without verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-(ka)-kes-ile ka-ma-indi likolooba .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-6OM-harvest-PFV 6-6-maize yesterday
Translation: The children harvested the maize yesterday.’ OK without verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-(ba)-rer-er-a ba-b-ebusi ka-m-echi k-ong’ene .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-(2OM)-bring-APPL-FV 2-2-parents 6-6-water 6-only
Translation: The children brought their parents only water.' OK without verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-bu-ly-a bu-suma bwangu , se-li kalaa ta .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-14OM-eat-FV 14-ugali quickly NEG-be slowly NEG
Translation: The children ate the ugali QUICKLY, not slowly.’ OK without verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-ka-kes-a ka-ma-indi liina ?
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-6OM-harvest-FV 6-6-maize when
Translation: When did the children harvest the maize?' Does not require verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Liina ni-lwo ba-ba-ana ba-a-(#ka)-kes-a ka-ma-indi ?
Glosses: when COMP-11 2-2-children 2SM-PST-6OM-harvest-FV 6-6-maize
Translation: When did the children harvest the maize?' Requires verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-ka-kes-ile ka-ma-indi li-kolooba .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-6OM-harvest-PFV 6-6-maize 11-yesterday
Translation: The children harvested maize yesterday.' Does not require verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Li-kolooba nilwo ba-ba-ana ba-(#ka)-kes-ile ka-ma-indi .
Glosses: 11-yesterday COMP11 2-2-children 2SM-6OM-harvest-PRF 6-6-maize
Translation: It was yesterday that the children harvested maize.' Requires verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Naanu w-a-(#ka)-kes-ile ka-ma-indi ?
Glosses: 1who 1SM-PST-6OM-harvest-PFV 5-5-maize
Translation: Who harvested the maize?’ Doubling requires verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-(#ka)-kes-ile ka-ma-indi
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-6OM-harvest-PFV 6-6-maize . 
Translation: The children harvested the maize.' Doubling requires verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana b-ong’ene ba-a-(#ba)-rer-er-a ba-b-ebusi ka-m-echi .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2-only 2SM-PST-2OM-bring-APPL-FV 2-2-parents 6-6-water
Translation: Only the children brought their parents water.’ Doubling requires verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-(#bu)-ly-a bu-suma , se-li ba-b-ebusi ta .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-14OM-eat-FV 14-ugali NEG-be 2-2-parents NEG
Translation: The children ate ugali, not the parents.' (i.e. the parents didn’t eat ugali) Doubling requires verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-(#ka)-kes-a ka-ma-indi wae ?
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-6OM-harvest-FV 6-6-maize where
Translation: Where did the children harvest maize?' Doubling requires verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-(#ka)-kes-a ka-ma-indi mu-mu-kunda .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-6OM-harvest-FV 6-6-maize 18-3-shamba
Translation: The children harvested maize in the shamba.' Doubling requires verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: N-a-w-a o-mw-aana ka-ma-beele .
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-give-FV 1-1-child 6-6-milk
Translation: I gave a child milk.' (could be any child)
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: N-a-mu-w-a o-mw-aana ka-ma-beele .
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-1OM-give-FV 1-1-child 6-6-milk
Translation: I gave a specific child milk.' (i.e. it is known who the child is)
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: n-a-ba-bon-a ba-ba-ana ?(abo)
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-2OM-see-FV 2-2-children 2DEM
Translation: I did see those children.' (requires verum)
Language: Bukusu ( translation)
Transcription: Naanu ni-ye w-a-bon-a ?
Glosses: 1who COMP-1 2SG.SM-PST-see-FV
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-(*ba)-kes-el-a naanu ka-ma-indi ?
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-(*2OM)-harvest-APPL-FV 2who 6-6-maize
Translation: Who did the children harvest maize for?
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-ba-kes-el-a ba-andu siina ka-ma-indi ?
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-2OM-harvest-AP-FV 2-people 7what 6-6-maize
Translation: Which people did the children harvest maize for?
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-kes-el-a naanu ka-ma-indi ?
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-harvest-APPL-FV 1who 6-6-maize
Translation: Who did the children harvest maize for?
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-ba-kes-el-a ba-b-ebusi ka-ma-indi .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-2OM-harvest-APPL-FV 2-2-parents 6-6-maize
Translation: The children harvested maize for (their) parents.' OK without verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ba-ba-ana ba-a-b-okesy-a ba-a-khaana b-ong’ene ka-ma-reeba .
Glosses: 2-2-children 2SM-PST-2OM-show-FV 2-2-girls 2-only 6-6-questions
Translation: The children showed only the girls the questions.' (i.e. they didn't show the boys) OK without verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: N-a-#?(mu)-w-el-a Wekesa ba-ba-ana bi-anwa .
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-1OM-give-APPL-FV 1Wekesa 2-2-children 8-gifts
Translation: I gave the children gifts for Wekesa.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Lionéeli k-á-(#ku)-ly-a kú-mú-chéele , se-k-á-ly-á búu-sumá tá .
Glosses: 1Leonnel 1SM-PST-3OM-eat-FV 3-3-rice NEG-1SM-PST-eat-FV 14.14-ugali NEG
Translation: Leonell ate the rice, he didn’t eat the ugali.’ (OM-doubling requires verum)
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: U-mama u-*(ya)-yi-phek-a ]vP i-n-yama .
Glosses: AUG-1a.mother 1SM-DJ-9OM-cook-FV _ AUG-9-meat
Translation: Mother is cooking it, the meat.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Ngi-ya-m-theng-el-a ]vP u-Sipho u-bisi .
Glosses: 1SG-DJ-1OM-buy-APPL-FV _ AUG-1a.Sipho AUG-11.milk
Translation: I AM buying milk for Sipho.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wekesa a-a-w-ele ba-ba-ana luno (??) bi-anwa bi-ong'ene .
Glosses: 1Wekesa 1SM-PST-give-PFV 2-2-children this.time _ 8-gifts 8-only
Translation: Wekesa gave the children only gifts this time.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wekesa a-a-ba-w-ele (??) luno ba-ba-ana bi-anwa bi-ong'ene .
Glosses: 1Wekesa 1SM-PST-2OM-give-PFV _ this.time 2-2-children 8-gifts 8-only
Translation: Wekesa gave the children only gifts this time.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: N-a-mu-w-el-a Wekesa ba-ba-ana bi-anwa .
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-1OM-give-APPL-FV 1Wekesa 2-2-children 8-gifts
Translation: I gave the children gifts for Wekesa.' OK without verum, without additional context
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: N-a-mu-w-el-a Wekesa ba-ba-ana bi-anwa bulayi .
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-1OM-give-APPL-FV 1Wekesa 2-2-children 8-gifts well
Translation: I gave the children gifts well for Wekesa.' OK without verum, without additional context
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: N-a-mu-w-el-a Wekesa ba-ba-ana bi-anwa likolooba .
Glosses: 1SG.SM-PST-1OM-give-APPL-FV 1Wekesa 2-2-children 8-gifts yesterday
Translation: I gave the children gifts yesterday for Wekesa.' OK without verum, without additional context
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Siina ni-syo mw-a-ba ne-mu-khol-a ?
Glosses: 7what COMP-7 2PL.SM-PST-be -2PL.SM-do-FV
Translation: What was it that you were doing?
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wekesa a-ba (n)-a-a-nyw-a ka-ma-lwa buli nyanga
Glosses: 1Wekesa 1-be -1SM-PST-drink-FV 6-6-alcohol every 9day
Translation: Wekesa (certainly) used to drink alcohol everyday.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wekesa a-ba a-a-(#ka)-nyw-a ka-ma-lwa buli nyanga .
Glosses: 1Wekesa 1SM-be 1SM-PST-6OM-drink-FV 6-6-alcohol every 9day
Translation: Wekesa used to drink alcohol everyday.' Requires verum for OM-doubling to be acceptable
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: Wekesa a-ba n-a-a-ka-nyw-a ka-ma-lwa buli nyanga
Glosses: 1Wekesa 1-be -1SM-PST-6OM-drink-FV 6-6-alcohol every 9day
Translation: Wekesa (certainly) used to drink alcohol everyday.' Doubling OK without verum
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: kh-o-nyw-e echai yoo
Glosses: KH-2SG.SM-drink-SUBJ 9tea 9your
Translation: Drink your tea.
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: n-o-nyw-e echai yoo !
Glosses: -2SG.SM-drink-SUBJ 9tea 9-your
Translation: Drink your tea!
Language: Bukusu (English translation)
Transcription: #Ki-nyw-e echai yoo !
Glosses: 9OM-drink-SUBJ 9tea 9-your
Translation: Drink your tea!' Requires verum, i.e. `DO drink your tea.