빌더 패턴

빌더 패턴이란 복합 객체의 생성 과정과 표현 방법을 분리하여 동일한 생성 절차에서 서로 다른 표현 결과를 만들 수 있게 하는 패턴이다. '''2 단어 요약 : 생성자 오버로딩''' 
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=== 자바 ===
/** "Product" */
class Pizza {
	private String dough = "";
	private String sauce = "";
	private String topping = "";
	public void setDough(String dough) {
		this.dough = dough;
	}
	public void setSauce(String sauce) {
		this.sauce = sauce;
	}
	public void setTopping(String topping) {
		this.topping = topping;
	}
}
/** "Abstract Builder" */
abstract class PizzaBuilder {
	protected Pizza pizza;
	public Pizza getPizza() {
		return pizza;
	}
	public void createNewPizzaProduct() {
		pizza = new Pizza();
	}
	public abstract void buildDough();
	public abstract void buildSauce();
	public abstract void buildTopping();
}
/** "ConcreteBuilder" */
class HawaiianPizzaBuilder extends PizzaBuilder {
	public void buildDough() {
		pizza.setDough("cross");
	}
	public void buildSauce() {
		pizza.setSauce("mild");
	}
	public void buildTopping() {
		pizza.setTopping("ham+pineapple");
	}
}
/** "ConcreteBuilder" */
class SpicyPizzaBuilder extends PizzaBuilder {
	public void buildDough() {
		pizza.setDough("pan baked");
	}
	public void buildSauce() {
		pizza.setSauce("hot");
	}
	public void buildTopping() {
		pizza.setTopping("pepperoni+salami");
	}
}
/** "Director" */
class Cook {
	private PizzaBuilder pizzaBuilder;
	public void setPizzaBuilder(PizzaBuilder pizzaBuilder) {
		this.pizzaBuilder = pizzaBuilder;
	}
	public Pizza getPizza() {
		return pizzaBuilder.getPizza();
	}
	public void constructPizza() {
		pizzaBuilder.createNewPizzaProduct();
		pizzaBuilder.buildDough();
		pizzaBuilder.buildSauce();
		pizzaBuilder.buildTopping();
	}
}
/** A given type of pizza being constructed. */
public class BuilderExample {
	public static void main(String args) {
		Cook cook = new Cook();
		PizzaBuilder hawaiianPizzaBuilder = new HawaiianPizzaBuilder();
		PizzaBuilder spicyPizzaBuilder = new SpicyPizzaBuilder();
		cook.setPizzaBuilder(hawaiianPizzaBuilder);
		cook.constructPizza();
		Pizza pizza = cook.getPizza();
	}
}
=== C# ===
//Implementation in C#.
class Pizza
{
    string dough;
    string sauce;
    string topping;
    public Pizza() {}
    public void SetDough( string d){ dough = d;}
    public void SetSauce( string s){ sauce = s;}
    public void SetTopping( string t){ topping = t;}
}
//Abstract Builder
abstract class PizzaBuilder
{
    protected Pizza pizza;
    public PizzaBuilder(){}
    public Pizza GetPizza(){ return pizza; }
    public void CreateNewPizza() { pizza = new Pizza(); }
    public abstract void BuildDough();
    public abstract void BuildSauce();
    public abstract void BuildTopping();
}
//Concrete Builder
class HawaiianPizzaBuilder : PizzaBuilder
{
    public override void BuildDough()   { pizza.SetDough("cross"); }
    public override void BuildSauce()   { pizza.SetSauce("mild"); }
    public override void BuildTopping() { pizza.SetTopping("ham+pineapple"); }
}
//Concrete Builder
class SpicyPizzaBuilder : PizzaBuilder
{
    public override void BuildDough()   { pizza.SetDough("pan baked"); }
    public override void BuildSauce()   { pizza.SetSauce("hot"); }
    public override void BuildTopping() { pizza.SetTopping("pepparoni+salami"); }
}
/** "Director" */
class Waiter {
    private PizzaBuilder pizzaBuilder;
    public void SetPizzaBuilder (PizzaBuilder pb) { pizzaBuilder = pb; }
    public Pizza GetPizza() { return pizzaBuilder.GetPizza(); }
    public void ConstructPizza() {
        pizzaBuilder.CreateNewPizza();
        pizzaBuilder.BuildDough();
        pizzaBuilder.BuildSauce();
        pizzaBuilder.BuildTopping();
    }
}
/** A customer ordering a pizza. */
class BuilderExample
{
    public static void Main(string args) {
        Waiter waiter = new Waiter();
        PizzaBuilder hawaiianPizzaBuilder = new HawaiianPizzaBuilder();
        PizzaBuilder spicyPizzaBuilder = new SpicyPizzaBuilder();
        waiter.SetPizzaBuilder ( hawaiianPizzaBuilder );
        waiter.ConstructPizza();
        Pizza pizza = waiter.GetPizza();
    }
}
=== C++ ===
// Implementation in C++.
#include 
#include 
#include 
// Product
class Pizza
{
private:
    std::string dough;
    std::string sauce;
    std::string topping;
public:
    Pizza() { }
    ~Pizza() { }
    void SetDough(const std::string& d) { dough = d; };
    void SetSauce(const std::string& s) { sauce = s; };
    void SetTopping(const std::string& t) { topping = t; }
    void ShowPizza()
    {
        std::cout  pizza;
public:
    PizzaBuilder() {}
    virtual ~PizzaBuilder() {}
    std::auto_ptr GetPizza() { return pizza; }
    void createNewPizzaProduct() { pizza.reset (new Pizza); }
    virtual void buildDough()=0;
    virtual void buildSauce()=0;
    virtual void buildTopping()=0;
};
// ConcreteBuilder
class HawaiianPizzaBuilder : public PizzaBuilder
{
public:
    HawaiianPizzaBuilder() : PizzaBuilder() {}
    ~HawaiianPizzaBuilder(){}
    void buildDough() { pizza->SetDough("cross"); }
    void buildSauce() { pizza->SetSauce("mild"); }
    void buildTopping() { pizza->SetTopping("ham and pineapple"); }
};
// ConcreteBuilder
class SpicyPizzaBuilder : public PizzaBuilder
{
public:
    SpicyPizzaBuilder() : PizzaBuilder() {}
    ~SpicyPizzaBuilder() {}
    void buildDough() { pizza->SetDough("pan baked"); }
    void buildSauce() { pizza->SetSauce("hot"); }
    void buildTopping() { pizza->SetTopping("pepperoni and salami"); }
};
// Director
class Waiter
{
private:
    PizzaBuilder* pizzaBuilder;
public:
    Waiter() : pizzaBuilder(NULL) {}
    ~Waiter() { }
    void SetPizzaBuilder(PizzaBuilder* b) { pizzaBuilder = b; }
    std::auto_ptr GetPizza() { return pizzaBuilder->GetPizza(); }
    void ConstructPizza()
    {
        pizzaBuilder->createNewPizzaProduct();
        pizzaBuilder->buildDough();
        pizzaBuilder->buildSauce();
        pizzaBuilder->buildTopping();
    }
};
// A customer ordering a pizza.
int main()
{
    Waiter waiter;
    HawaiianPizzaBuilder hawaiianPizzaBuilder;
    waiter.SetPizzaBuilder (&hawaiianPizzaBuilder);
    waiter.ConstructPizza();
    std::auto_ptr pizza = waiter.GetPizza();
    pizza->ShowPizza();
    SpicyPizzaBuilder spicyPizzaBuilder;
    waiter.SetPizzaBuilder(&spicyPizzaBuilder);
    waiter.ConstructPizza();
    pizza = waiter.GetPizza();
    pizza->ShowPizza();
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
=== 비주얼 프롤로그 ===
Product
 interface pizza
    predicates
       setDough : (string Dough).
       setSauce : (string Sauce).
       setTopping : (string Topping).
 end interface pizza
 class pizza : pizza
 end class pizza
 implement pizza
    facts
       dough : string := "".
       sauce : string := "".
       topping : string := "".
    clauses
       setDough(Dough) :- dough := Dough.
    clauses
       setSauce(Sauce) :- sauce := Sauce.
    clauses
       setTopping(Topping) :- topping := Topping.
 end implement pizza
Abstract Builder
 interface pizzaBuilder
    predicates
       getPizza : () -> pizza Pizza.
       createNewPizzaProduct : ().
    predicates
       buildDough : ().
       buildSauce : ().
       buildTopping : ().
 end interface pizzaBuilder
Visual Prolog does not support abstract classes, but we can create a support class instead:
 interface pizzaBuilderSupport
    predicates from pizzaBuilder
       getPizza, createNewPizzaProduct
 end interface pizzaBuilderSupport
 class pizzaBuilderSupport : pizzaBuilderSupport
 end class pizzaBuilderSupport
 implement pizzaBuilderSupport
    facts
       pizza : pizza := erroneous.
    clauses
       getPizza() = pizza.
    clauses
       createNewPizzaProduct() :- pizza := pizza::new().
 end implement pizzaBuilderSupport
ConcreteBuilder #1
 class hawaiianPizzaBuilder :  pizzaBuilder
 end class hawaiianPizzaBuilder
 implement hawaiianPizzaBuilder
    inherits pizzaBuilderSupport
    clauses
       buildDough() :- getPizza():setDough("cross").
    clauses
       buildSauce() :- getPizza():setSauce("mild").
    clauses
       buildTopping() :- getPizza():setTopping("ham+pineapple").
 end implement hawaiianPizzaBuilder
ConcreteBuilder #2
 class spicyPizzaBuilder :  pizzaBuilder
 end class spicyPizzaBuilder
 implement spicyPizzaBuilder
    inherits pizzaBuilderSupport
    clauses
       buildDough() :- getPizza():setDough("pan baked").
    clauses
       buildSauce() :- getPizza():setSauce("hot").
    clauses
       buildTopping() :- getPizza():setTopping("pepperoni+salami").
 end implement spicyPizzaBuilder
Director
 interface waiter
    predicates
       setPizzaBuilder : (pizzaBuilder PizzaBuilder).
       getPizza : () -> pizza Pizza.
    predicates
       constructPizza : ().
 end interface waiter
 class waiter : waiter
 end class waiter
 implement waiter
    facts
       pizzaBuilder : pizzaBuilder := erroneous.
    clauses
       setPizzaBuilder(PizzaBuilder) :- pizzaBuilder := PizzaBuilder.
    clauses
       getPizza() = pizzaBuilder:getPizza().
    clauses
       constructPizza() :- 
          pizzaBuilder:createNewPizzaProduct(),
          pizzaBuilder:buildDough(),
          pizzaBuilder:buildSauce(),
          pizzaBuilder:buildTopping().
 end implement waiter
A customer ordering a pizza.
 goal
    Hawaiian_pizzabuilder = hawaiianPizzaBuilder::new(),
    Waiter = waiter::new(),
    Waiter:setPizzaBuilder(Hawaiian_pizzabuilder),
    Waiter:constructPizza(),
    Pizza = Waiter:getPizza().
=== 펄 ===
## Product
package pizza;
sub new {
    return bless {
        dough => undef,
        sauce => undef,
        topping => undef
    }, shift;
}
sub set_dough {
    my( $self, $dough ) = @_;
    $self->{dough} = $dough;
}
sub set_sauce {
    my( $self, $sauce ) = @_;
    $self->{sauce} = $sauce;
}
sub set_topping {
    my( $self, $topping ) = @_;
    $self->{topping} = $topping;
}
1;
## Abstract builder
package pizza_builder;
sub new {
    return bless {
        pizza => undef
    }, shift;
}
sub get_pizza {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    return $self->{pizza};
}
sub create_new_pizza_product {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza} = pizza->new;
}
# This is what an abstract method could look like in perl...
sub build_dough {
    croak("This method must be overridden.");
}
sub build_sauce {
    croak("This method must be overridden.");
}
sub build_topping {
    croak("This method must be overridden.");
}
1;
## Concrete builder
package hawaiian_pizza_builder;
use base qw{ pizza_builder };
sub build_dough {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza}->set_dough("cross");
}
sub build_sauce {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza}->set_sauce("mild");
}
sub build_topping {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza}->set_topping("ham+pineapple");
}
1;
## Concrete builder
package spicy_pizza_builder;
use base qw{ pizza_builder };
sub build_dough {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza}->set_dough("pan baked");
}
sub build_sauce {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza}->set_sauce("hot");
}
sub build_topping {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza}->set_topping("pepperoni+salami");
}
1;
## Director
package waiter;
sub new {
    return bless {
        pizza_builder => undef
    }, shift;
}
sub set_pizza_builder {
    my( $self, $builder ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza_builder} = $builder;
}
sub get_pizza {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    return $self->{pizza_builder}->get_pizza;
}
sub construct_pizza {
    my( $self ) = @_;
    $self->{pizza_builder}->create_new_pizza_product;
    $self->{pizza_builder}->build_dough;
    $self->{pizza_builder}->build_sauce;
    $self->{pizza_builder}->build_topping;
}
1;
## Lets order pizza (client of Director/Builder)
package main
my $waiter = waiter->new;
my $hawaiian_pb = hawaiian_pizza_builder->new;
my $spicy_pb = spicy_pizza_builder->new;
$waiter->set_pizza_builder( $hawaiian_pb );
$waiter->construct_pizza;
my $pizza = $waiter->get_pizza;
print "Serving a nice pizza with:\n";
for (keys %$pizza) {
    print "  $pizza->{$_} $_\n";
}
1;
=== PHP ===
/** Product **/
class Pizza{
  private $dough;
  private $sauce;
  private $topping;
  public function setDough($dough){
    $this->dough = $dough;
  }
  public function setSauce($sauce){
    $this->sauce = $sauce;
  }
  public function setTopping($topping){
    $this->topping = $topping;
  }
}
/** Abstract builder **/
abstract class PizzaBuilder{
  protected $pizza;
  public function __construct(){
    $this->pizza = new Pizza();
  }
  public function getPizza(){
    return $this->pizza;
  }
  abstract function buildDough();
  abstract function buildSauce();
  abstract function buildTopping();
}
/** Concrete builder **/
class SpicyPizza extends PizzaBuilder{
  public function buildDough(){
    $this->pizza->setDough('crispy');
  }
  public function buildSauce(){
    $this->pizza->setSauce('hot');
  }
  public function buildTopping(){
    $this->pizza->setTopping('pepperoni+salami');
  }
}
/** Director **/
class Chef{
  private $pizza_builder;
  public function setPizzaBuilder(PizzaBuilder $pizza_builder){
    $this->pizza_builder = $pizza_builder;
  }
  public function cookPizza(){
    $this->pizza_builder->buildDough();
    $this->pizza_builder->buildSauce();
    $this->pizza_builder->buildTopping();
  }
  public function getPizza(){
    return $this->pizza_builder->getPizza();
  }
}
//Customer orders a Pizza.
$chef = new Chef();
$order = new SpicyPizza();
$chef->setPizzaBuilder($order);
$chef->cookPizza();
$pizza = $chef->getPizza();
print_r($pizza);
분류:소프트웨어 디자인 패턴