토머스 F. 토렌스

토마스 포시스 토렌스 (Thomas  Forsyth Torrance, 1913년 8월 30일 - 2007년 12월 2일)는 스코틀랜드의 개신교 신학자였다. T. F. 토렌스라고 일반적으로 언급한다. 그는 유명한 토마스 토렌스의 아들로 27년 동안 에딘버그 뉴 컬러지와 에딘버그 대학에서 기독교 교리사를 강의하였다.
교회의 신학 이해에 끼친 토렌스의 공헌은 칼 바르트를 영어권 세계에 소개했고, 무엇보다도 초대 교부들의 연구의 중요성을 서구교회 에 알린 것이다. 그의 중요한 신학적 기여는 다른 신학자들은 물론 칼빈의 17세기 계승자들조차 깨 닫지 못한 칼빈의 신학적 천재성을 인식하고 이해했다는 것이다. 그러나 무엇보다 토렌스의 가장 중요한 업적은 바로 과학분야에 있다. 인문과학과 신학에 정통한 토렌스는 과학적 논리와 현대 물리학 분야에 15년이상을 연구하면서 신학과 과학의 통합적 사고에 삶을 바쳤다. 칼빈신학뿐만 아니라 칼빈의 해석학에서도 중요한 공헌을 하였다. 토마스 토렌스 가문의 장남이며 제임스 토랜스의 형이다. 그의 아들은 프린스턴 신학교의 교장 이안 토렌스이다.

신학 
그는 웨스트민스터 신앙고백에 대한 비판을 가한 대표적인 신학자이다.  그는 이 신앙고백이 구원의 순서라는 중세신학적인 면을 도입하였기 때문에 존 칼빈과 정반대의 길을 가게 되었가고 주장하였다.  또한 신앙고백이 연방신학(언약신학)을 도입하였기 때문에 매우 율법적이며, 헌법적인 성격을 갖게 되었다고 비판하였다.  그는 그리스도와의 연합교리가 신앙고백에 빠져 있는 것이 구원의 순서를 도입한 결과라고 주장하였다.

저서들 

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 Kingdom and Church: A Study in the Theology of the Reformation, Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd, 1956.
 Coedited with G.W. Bromiley: Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics I/2 The Doctrine of the Word of God. Prolegomena, Part 2, translated by G.T. Thomson and H. Knight. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1956.
 Coedited with G.W. Bromiley: Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics IV/1 The Doctrine of Reconciliation, Part I, translated by G.W. Bromiley. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1956.
 When Christ Comes and Comes Again. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1957.
 Coedited with G.W. Bromiley: Karl Barth, Church Dogmatics II/1, The Doctrine of God, translated by T.H.L. Parker, W.B. Johnston, H.Knight and J.L.M. Haire. Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1957.
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 The Apocalypse Today. Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1959.
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 Divine and Contingent Order. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, 1981.
 The Incarnation: Ecumenical Studies in the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed. Edinburgh: The Handsel Press, 1981.
 Reality and Evangelical Theology. Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1982.
 A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field, James Clerk Maxwell, edited by Torrance, Scottish Academic Press, February 1983, 
 "The Deposit of Faith." The Scottish Journal of Theology 36.1 (1983): 1-28.
 Transformation & Convergence in the Frame of Knowledge: Explorations in the Interrelations of Scientific and Theological Enterprise. Belfast: Christian Journals; Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 1984.
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 토렌스 가문

각주 

1913년 출생
2007년 사망
스코틀랜드의 성직자
에든버러 대학교 교수
조직신학자
템플턴상 수상자
에든버러 대학교 동문
옥스퍼드 대학교 동문
바젤 대학교 동문
대영제국 훈장 구성원
에든버러 왕립학회 석학회원