Publication: Magyar Közlöny
Issue: MK-2009-89 (Year: 2009, Number: 89)
Era: 2004-2010
Section: Melléklet a 2009. évi LIX. törvényhez
Paragraph Index: 732

10. The test report shall be signed with the name and status of the signatory. 6.3.5.5.2 The test report shall contain statements that the packaging prepared as for carriage was tested in accordance with the appropriate requirements of this Chapter and that the use of other packaging methods or components may render it invalid. A copy of the test report shall be available to the competent authority. 2009/89. szám Chapter 6.4 Requirements for the construction, testing and approval of packages and material of class 7 6.4.1 (Reserved) 6.4.2 General requirements 6.4.2.1 The package shall be so designed in relation to its mass, volume and shape that it can be easily and safely carried. In addition, the package shall be so designed that it can be properly secured in or on the wagon during carriage. 6.4.2.2 The design shall be such that any lifting attachments on the package will not fail when used in the intended manner and that, if failure of the attachments should occur, the ability of the package to meet other requirements of RID would not be impaired. The design shall take account of appropriate safety factors to cover snatch lifting. 6.4.2.3 Attachments and any other features on the outer surface of the package which could be used to lift it shall be designed either to support its mass in accordance with the requirements of 6.4.2.2 or shall be removable or otherwise rendered incapable of being used during carriage. 6.4.2.4 As far as practicable, the packaging shall be so designed and finished that the external surfaces are free from protruding features and can be easily decontaminated. 6.4.2.5 As far as practicable, the outer layer of the package shall be so designed as to prevent the collection and the retention of water. 6.4.2.6 Any features added to the package at the time of carriage which are not part of the package shall not reduce its safety. 6.4.2.7 The package shall be capable of withstanding the effects of any acceleration, vibration or vibration resonance which may arise under routine conditions of carriage without any deterioration in the effectiveness of the closing devices on the various receptacles or in the integrity of the package as a whole. In particular, nuts, bolts and other securing devices shall be so designed as to prevent them from becoming loose or being released unintentionally, even after repeated use. 6.4.2.8 The materials of the packaging and any components or structures shall be physically and chemically compatible with each other and with the radioactive contents. Account shall be taken of their behaviour under irradiation. 6.4.2.9 All valves through which the radioactive contents could otherwise escape shall be protected against unauthorized operation. 6.4.2.10 The design of the package shall take into account ambient temperatures and pressures that are likely to be encountered in routine conditions of carriage. 6.4.2.11 For radioactive material having other dangerous properties the package design shall take into account those properties; see 2.1.3.5.3 and 4.1.9.1.5. 6.4.2.12 Manufacturers and subsequent distributors of packagings shall provide information regarding procedures to be followed and a description of the types and dimensions of closures (including required gaskets) and any other components needed to ensure that packages as presented for carriage are capable of passing the applicable performance tests of this Chapter. 6.4.3 (Reserved) 6.4.4 Requirements for excepted packages An excepted package shall be designed to meet the requirements specified in 6.4.2. 6.4.5 Requirements for Industrial packages 6.4.5.1 Type IP-1, Type IP-2 and Type IP-3 package shall meet the requirements specified in 6.4.2 and 6.4.7.2. 6.4.5.2 A Type IP-2 package shall, if it were subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.15.4 and 6.4.15.5, prevent: (a) loss or dispersal of the radioactive contents; and (b) more than a 20% increase in the maximum radiation level at any external surface of the package. 6.4.5.3 A Type IP-3 package shall meet all the requirements specified in 6.4.7.2 to 6.4.7.15. 2009/89. szám 6.4.5.4 Alternative requirements for Type IP-2 and Type IP-3 packages 6.4.5.4.1 Packages may be used as Type IP-2 package provided that: (a) They satisfy the requirements of 6.4.5.1; (b) They are designed to satisfy the requirements prescribed for packing group I or II in Chapter 6.1; and (c) When subjected to the tests required for packing groups I or II in Chapter 6.1, they would prevent: (i) loss or dispersal of the radioactive contents; and (ii) more than a 20% increase in the maximum radiation level at any external surface of the package. 6.4.5.4.2 Portable tanks may also be used as Type IP-2 or Type IP-3 package, provided that: (a) They satisfy the requirements of 6.4.5.1; (b) They are designed to satisfy the requirements prescribed in Chapter 6.7 and are capable of withstanding a test pressure of 265 kPa; and (c) They are designed so that any additional shielding which is provided shall be capable of withstanding the static and dynamic stresses resulting from handling and routine conditions of carriage and of preventing an increase of more than 20% in the maximum radiation level at any external surface of the portable tanks. 6.4.5.4.3 Tanks, other than portable tanks, may also be used as Type IP-2 or Type IP-3 package for carrying LSA-I and LSA-II liquids and gases as prescribed in Table 4.1.9.2.4, provided that: (a) They satisfy the requirements of 6.4.5.1; (b) They are designed to satisfy the requirements prescribed in Chapter 6.8; and (c) They are designed so that any additional shielding which is provided shall be capable of withstanding the static and dynamic stresses resulting from handling and routine conditions of carriage and of preventing an increase of more than 20% in the maximum radiation level at any external surface of the tanks. 6.4.5.4.4 Containers of a permanent enclosed character may also be used as Type IP-2 or Type IP-3 package, provided that: (a) The radioactive contents are restricted to solid materials; (b) They satisfy the requirements of 6.4.5.1; and (c) They are designed to conform to ISO 1496-1:1990: "Series 1 Containers – Specifications and Testing – Part 1: General Cargo Containers" excluding dimensions and ratings. They shall be designed such that if subjected to the tests prescribed in that document and the accelerations occurring during routine conditions of carriage they would prevent: (i) loss or dispersal of the radioactive contents; and (ii) more than a 20% increase in the maximum radiation level at any external surface of the containers. 6.4.5.4.5 Metal intermediate bulk containers may also be used as Type IP-2 or Type IP-3 package, provided that: (a) They satisfy the requirements of 6.4.5.1; and (b) They are designed to satisfy the requirements prescribed in Chapter 6.5 for packing group I or II, and if they were subjected to the tests prescribed in that Chapter, but with the drop test conducted in the most damaging orientation, they would prevent: (i) loss or dispersal of the radioactive contents; and (ii) more than a 20% increase in the maximum radiation level at any external surface of the intermediate bulk container. 6.4.6 Requirements for packages containing uranium hexafluoride 6.4.6.1 Packages designed to contain uranium hexafluoride shall meet the requirements prescribed elsewhere in RID which pertain to the radioactive and fissile properties of the material. Except as allowed in 6.4.6.4, uranium hexafluoride in quantities of 0.1 kg or more shall also be packaged and carried in accordance with the provisions of ISO 7195:1993 "Packaging of uranium hexafluoride (UF6) for transport", and the requirements of 6.4.6.2 and 6.4.6.3. 6.4.6.2 Each package designed to contain 0.1 kg or more of uranium hexafluoride shall be designed so that it would meet the following requirements: (a) Withstand without leakage and without unacceptable stress, as specified in ISO 7195:1993, the structural test as specified in 6.4.21.5; (b) Withstand without loss or dispersal of the uranium hexafluoride the free drop test specified in 6.4.15.4; and (c) Withstand without rupture of the containment system the thermal test specified in 6.4.17.3. 2009/89. szám 6.4.6.3 Packages designed to contain 0.1 kg or more of uranium hexafluoride shall not be provided with pressure relief devices. 6.4.6.4 Subject to the approval of the competent authority, packages designed to contain 0.1 kg or more of uranium hexafluoride may be carried if: (a) The packages are designed to international or national standards other than ISO 7195:1993 provided an equivalent level of safety is maintained; (b) The packages are designed to withstand without leakage and without unacceptable stress a test pressure of less than 2.76 MPa as specified in 6.4.21.5; or (c) For packages designed to contain 9 000 kg or more of uranium hexafluoride, the packages do not meet the requirement of 6.4.6.2 (c). In all other respects the requirements specified in 6.4.6.1 to 6.4.6.3 shall be satisfied. 6.4.7 Requirements for Type A packages 6.4.7.1 Type A packages shall be designed to meet the general requirements of 6.4.2 and of 6.4.7.2 to 6.4.7.17. 6.4.7.2 The smallest overall external dimension of the package shall not be less than 10 cm. 6.4.7.3 The outside of the package shall incorporate a feature such as a seal, which is not readily breakable and which, while intact, will be evidence that it has not been opened. 6.4.7.4 Any tie-down attachments on the package shall be so designed that, under normal and accident conditions of carriage, the forces in those attachments shall not impair the ability of the package to meet the requirements of RID. 6.4.7.5 The design of the package shall take into account temperatures ranging from –40 qC to +70 qC for the components of the packaging. Attention shall be given to freezing temperatures for liquids and to the potential degradation of packaging materials within the given temperature range. 6.4.7.6 The design and manufacturing techniques shall be in accordance with national or international standards, or other requirements, acceptable to the competent authority. 6.4.7.7 The design shall include a containment system securely closed by a positive fastening device which cannot be opened unintentionally or by a pressure which may arise within the package. 6.4.7.8 Special form radioactive material may be considered as a component of the containment system. 6.4.7.9 If the containment system forms a separate unit of the package, it shall be capable of being securely closed by a positive fastening device which is independent of any other part of the packaging. 6.4.7.10 The design of any component of the containment system shall take into account, where applicable, the radiolytic decomposition of liquids and other vulnerable materials and the generation of gas by chemical reaction and radiolysis. 6.4.7.11 The containment system shall retain its radioactive contents under a reduction of ambient pressure to 60 kPa. 6.4.7.12 All valves, other than pressure relief valves, shall be provided with an enclosure to retain any leakage from the valve. 6.4.7.13 A radiation shield which encloses a component of the package specified as a part of the containment system shall be so designed as to prevent the unintentional release of that component from the shield. Where the radiation shield and such component within it form a separate unit, the radiation shield shall be capable of being securely closed by a positive fastening device which is independent of any other packaging structure. 6.4.7.14 A package shall be so designed that if it were subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.15, it would prevent: (a) loss or dispersal of the radioactive contents; and (b) more than a 20% increase in the maximum radiation level at any external surface of the package. 6.4.7.15 The design of a package intended for liquid radioactive material shall make provision for ullage to accommodate variations in the temperature of the contents, dynamic effects and filling dynamics. Type A packages to contain liquids 6.4.7.16 A Type A package designed to contain liquid radioactive material shall, in addition: (a) Be adequate to meet the conditions specified in 6.4.7.14 (a) above if the package is subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.16; and 2009/89. szám (b) Either (i) be provided with sufficient absorbent material to absorb twice the volume of the liquid contents. Such absorbent material shall be suitably positioned so as to contact the liquid in the event of leakage; or (ii) be provided with a containment system composed of primary inner and secondary outer containment components designed to ensure retention of the liquid contents, within the secondary outer containment components, even if the primary inner components leak. Type A packages to contain gas 6.4.7.17 A package designed for gases shall prevent loss or dispersal of the radioactive contents if the package were subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.16. A Type A package designed for tritium gas or for noble gases shall be excepted from this requirement. 6.4.8 Requirements for Type B(U) packages 6.4.8.1 Type B(U) packages shall be designed to meet the requirements specified in 6.4.2, and of 6.4.7.2 to 6.4.7.15, except as specified in 6.4.7.14 (a), and, in addition, the requirements specified in 6.4.8.2 to 6.4.8.15. 6.4.8.2 A package shall be so designed that, under the ambient conditions specified in 6.4.8.5 and 6.4.8.6 heat generated within the package by the radioactive contents shall not, under normal conditions of carriage, as demonstrated by the tests in 6.4.15, adversely affect the package in such a way that it would fail to meet the applicable requirements for containment and shielding if left unattended for a period of one week. Particular attention shall be paid to the effects of heat, which may: (a) Alter the arrangement, the geometrical form or the physical state of the radioactive contents or, if the radioactive material is enclosed in a can or receptacle (for example, clad fuel elements), cause the can, receptacle or radioactive material to deform or melt; or (b) Lessen the efficiency of the packaging through differential thermal expansion or cracking or melting of the radiation shielding material; or (c) In combination with moisture, accelerate corrosion. 6.4.8.3 A package shall be so designed that, under the ambient condition specified in 6.4.8.5 and in the absence of insolation, the temperature of the accessible surfaces of a package shall not exceed 50 °C, unless the package is carried under exclusive use. 6.4.8.4 The maximum temperature of any surface readily accessible during carriage of a package under exclusive use shall not exceed 85 qC in the absence of insolation under the ambient conditions specified in 6.4.8.5. Account may be taken of barriers or screens intended to give protection to persons without the need for the barriers or screens being subject to any test. 6.4.8.5 The ambient temperature shall be assumed to be 38 qC. 6.4.8.6 The solar insolation conditions shall be assumed to be as specified in Table 6.4.8.6. Table 6.4.8.6: Insolation data Case Form and location of surface Insulation for 12 hours per day (W/m2) Flat surfaces carried horizontally-downward facing Flat surfaces carried horizontally-upward facing Surfaces carried vertically 200(a) Other downward facing (not horizontal) surfaces 200(a) All other surfaces 400(a) (a) Alternatively, a sine function may be used, with an absorption coefficient adopted and the effects of possible reflection from neighbouring objects neglected. 6.4.8.7 A package which includes thermal protection for the purpose of satisfying the requirements of the thermal test specified in 6.4.17.3 shall be so designed that such protection will remain effective if the package is subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.15 and 6.4.17.2 (a) and (b) or 6.4.17.2 (b) and (c), as appropriate. Any such protection on the exterior of the package shall not be rendered ineffective by ripping, cutting, skidding, abrasion or rough handling. 2009/89. szám 6.4.8.8 A package shall be so designed that, if it were subjected to: (a) The tests specified in 6.4.15, it would restrict the loss of radioactive contents to not more than 10-6 A2 per hour; and (b) The tests specified in 6.4.17.1, 6.4.17.2 (b), 6.4.17.3, and 6.4.17.4 and the tests in (i) 6.4.17.2 (c), when the package has a mass not greater than 500 kg, an overall density not greater than 1 000 kg/m3 based on the external dimensions, and radioactive contents greater than 1 000 A2 not as special form radioactive material, or (ii) 6.4.17.2 (a), for all other packages, it would meet the following requirements: – retain sufficient shielding to ensure that the radiation level at 1 m from the surface of the package would not exceed 10 mSv/h with the maximum radioactive contents which the package is designed to contain; and – restrict the accumulated loss of radioactive contents in a period of one week to not more than 10 A2 for krypton-85 and not more than A2 for all other radionuclides. Where mixtures of different radionuclides are present, the provisions of 2.2.7.2.2.4 to 2.2.7.2.2.6 shall apply except that for krypton-85 an effective A2(i) value equal to 10 A2 may be used. For case (a) above, the assessment shall take into account the external contamination limits of 4.1.9.1.2. 6.4.8.9 A package for radioactive contents with activity greater than 105 A2 shall be so designed that if it were subjected to the enhanced water immersion test specified in 6.4.18, there would be no rupture of the containment system. 6.4.8.10 Compliance with the permitted activity release limits shall depend neither upon filters nor upon a mechanical cooling system. 6.4.8.11 A package shall not include a pressure relief system from the containment system which would allow the release of radioactive material to the environment under the conditions of the tests specified in 6.4.15 and 6.4.17. 6.4.8.12 A package shall be so designed that if it were at the maximum normal operating pressure and it were subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.15 and 6.4.17, the level of strains in the containment system would not attain values which would adversely affect the package in such a way that it would fail to meet the applicable requirements. 6.4.8.13 A package shall not have a maximum normal operating pressure in excess of a gauge pressure of 700 kPa. 6.4.8.14 A package containing low dispersible radioactive material shall be so designed that any features added to the low dispersible radioactive material that are not part of it, or any internal components of the packaging shall not adversely affect the performance of the low dispersible radioactive material. 6.4.8.15 A package shall be designed for an ambient temperature range from –40 qC to +38 qC. 6.4.9 Requirements for Type B(M) packages 6.4.9.1 Type B(M) packages shall meet the requirements for Type B(U) packages specified in 6.4.8.1, except that for packages to be carried solely within a specified country or solely between specified countries, conditions other than those given in 6.4.7.5, 6.4.8.5, 6.4.8.6, and 6.4.8.9 to 6.4.8.15 above may be assumed with the approval of the competent authorities of these countries. Notwithstanding, the requirements for Type B(U) packages specified in 6.4.8.9 to 6.4.8.15 shall be met as far as practicable. 6.4.9.2 Intermittent venting of Type B(M) packages may be permitted during carriage, provided that the operational controls for venting are acceptable to the relevant competent authorities. 6.4.10 Requirements for Type C packages 6.4.10.1 Type C packages shall be designed to meet the requirements specified in 6.4.2 and of 6.4.7.2 to 6.4.7.15, except as specified in 6.4.7.14 (a), and of the requirements specified in 6.4.8.2 to 6.4.8.6, 6.4.8.10 to 6.4.8.15, and, in addition, of 6.4.10.2 to 6.4.10.4. 6.4.10.2 A package shall be capable of meeting the assessment criteria prescribed for tests in 6.4.8.8 (b) and 6.4.8.12 after burial in an environment defined by a thermal conductivity of 0.33 W·m-1·K-1 and a temperature of 38 °C in the steady state. Initial conditions for the assessment shall assume that any thermal insulation of the package remains intact, the package is at the maximum normal operating pressure and the ambient temperature is 38 °C. 2009/89. szám 6.4.10.3 A package shall be so designed that, if it were at the maximum normal operating pressure and subjected to: (a) The tests specified in 6.4.15, it would restrict the loss of radioactive contents to not more than 10-6 A2 per hour; and (b) The test sequences in 6.4.20.1, it would meet the following requirements: (i) retain sufficient shielding to ensure that the radiation level at 1 m from the surface of the package would not exceed 10 mSv/h with the maximum radioactive contents which the package is designed to contain; and (ii) restrict the accumulated loss of radioactive contents in a period of 1 week to not more than 10 A2 for krypton-85 and not more than A2 for all other radionuclides. Where mixtures of different radionuclides are present, the provisions of 2.2.7.2.2.4 to 2.2.7.2.2.6 shall apply except that for krypton-85 an effective A2(i) value equal to 10 A2 may be used. For case (a) above, the assessment shall take into account the external contamination limits of 4.1.9.1.2. 6.4.10.4 A package shall be so designed that there will be no rupture of the containment system following performance of the enhanced water immersion test specified in 6.4.18. 6.4.11 Requirements for packages containing fissile material 6.4.11.1 Fissile material shall be carried so as to: (a) Maintain sub-criticality during normal and accident conditions of carriage; in particular, the following contingencies shall be considered: (i) water leaking into or out of packages; (ii) the loss of efficiency of built-in neutron absorbers or moderators; (iii) rearrangement of the contents either within the package or as a result of loss from the package; (iv) reduction of spaces within or between packages; (v) packages becoming immersed in water or buried in snow; and (vi) temperature changes; and (b) Meet the requirements: (i) of 6.4.7.2 for packages containing fissile material; (ii) prescribed elsewhere in RID which pertain to the radioactive properties of the material; and (iii) specified in 6.4.11.3 to 6.4.11.12, unless excepted by 6.4.11.2. 6.4.11.2 Fissile material meeting one of the provisions (a) to (d) of 2.2.7.2.3.5 is excepted from the requirement to be carried in packages that comply with 6.4.11.3 to 6.4.11.12 as well as the other requirements of RID that apply to fissile material. Only one type of exception is allowed per consignment. 6.4.11.3 Where the chemical or physical form, isotopic composition, mass or concentration, moderation ratio or density, or geometric configuration is not known, the assessments of 6.4.11.7 to 6.4.11.12 shall be performed assuming that each parameter that is not known has the value which gives the maximum neutron multiplication consistent with the known conditions and parameters in these assessments. 6.4.11.4 For irradiated nuclear fuel the assessments of 6.4.11.7 to 6.4.11.12 shall be based on an isotopic composition demonstrated to provide: (a) The maximum neutron multiplication during the irradiation history; or (b) A conservative estimate of the neutron multiplication for the package assessments. After irradiation but prior to shipment, a measurement shall be performed to confirm the conservatism of the isotopic composition. 6.4.11.5 The package, after being subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.15, must prevent the entry of a 10 cm cube. 6.4.11.6 The package shall be designed for an ambient temperature range of –40 qC to +38 qC unless the competent authority specifies otherwise in the certificate of approval for the package design. 6.4.11.7 For a package in isolation, it shall be assumed that water can leak into or out of all void spaces of the package, including those within the containment system. However, if the design incorporates special features to prevent such leakage of water into or out of certain void spaces, even as a result of error, absence of leakage may be assumed in respect of those void spaces. Special features shall include the following: (a) Multiple high standard water barriers, each of which would remain watertight if the package were subject to the tests prescribed in 6.4.11.12 (b), a high degree of quality control in the manufacture, maintenance and repair of packagings and tests to demonstrate the closure of each package before each shipment; or 2009/89. szám (b) For packages containing uranium hexafluoride only, with maximum enrichment of 5 mass percent uranium-235: (i) packages where, following the tests prescribed in 6.4.11.12 (b), there is no physical contact between the valve and any other component of the packaging other than at its original point of attachment and where, in addition, following the test prescribed in 6.4.17.3 the valves remain leaktight; and (ii) a high degree of quality control in the manufacture, maintenance and repair of packagings coupled with tests to demonstrate closure of each package before each shipment. 6.4.11.8 It shall be assumed that the confinement system shall be closely reflected by at least 20 cm of water or such greater reflection as may additionally be provided by the surrounding material of the packaging. However, when it can be demonstrated that the confinement system remains within the packaging following the tests prescribed in 6.4.11.12 (b), close reflection of the package by at least 20 cm of water may be assumed in 6.4.11.9 (c). 6.4.11.9 The package shall be subcritical under the conditions of 6.4.11.7 and 6.4.11.8 with the package conditions that result in the maximum neutron multiplication consistent with: (a) Routine conditions of carriage (incident free); (b) The tests specified in 6.4.11.11 (b); (c) The tests specified in 6.4.11.12 (b). 6.4.11.10 (Reserved) 6.4.11.11 For normal conditions of carriage a number "N" shall be derived, such that five times "N" packages shall be subcritical for the arrangement and package conditions that provide the maximum neutron multiplication consistent with the following: (a) There shall not be anything between the packages, and the package arrangement shall be reflected on all sides by at least 20 cm of water; and (b) The state of the packages shall be their assessed or demonstrated condition if they had been subjected to the tests specified in 6.4.15. 6.4.11.12 For accident conditions of carriage a number "N" shall be derived, such that two times "N" packages shall be subcritical for the arrangement and package conditions that provide the maximum neutron multiplication consistent with the following: (a) Hydrogenous moderation between packages, and the package arrangement reflected on all sides by at least 20 cm of water; and (b) The tests specified in 6.4.15 followed by whichever of the following is the more limiting: (i) the tests specified in 6.4.17.2 (b) and, either 6.4.17.2 (c) for packages having a mass not greater than 500 kg and an overall density not greater than 1 000 kg/m3 based on the external dimensions, or 6.4.17.2 (a) for all other packages; followed by the test specified in 6.4.17.3 and completed by the tests specified in 6.4.19.1 to 6.4.19.3; or (ii) the test specified in 6.4.17.4; and (c) Where any part of the fissile material escapes from the containment system following the tests specified in 6.4.11.12 (b), it shall be assumed that fissile material escapes from each package in the array and all of the fissile material shall be arranged in the configuration and moderation that results in the maximum neutron multiplication with close reflection by at least 20 cm of water. 6.4.11.13 The criticality safety index (CSI) for packages containing fissile material shall be obtained by dividing the number 50 by the smaller of the two values of "N" derived in 6.4.11.11 and 6.4.11.12 (i.e. CSI = 50/N). The value of the criticality safety index may be zero, provided that an unlimited number of packages is subcritical (i.e. N is effectively equal to infinity in both cases). 6.4.12 Test procedures and demonstration of compliance 6.4.12.1 Demonstration of compliance with the performance standards required in 2.2.7.2.3.1.3, 2.2.7.2.3.1.4, 2.2.7.2.3.3.1, 2.2.7.2.3.3.2, 2.2.7.2.3.4.1, 2.2.7.2.3.4.2, and 6.4.2 to 6.4.11 must be accomplished by any of the methods listed below or by a combination thereof: (a) Performance of tests with specimens representing LSA-III material, or special form radioactive material, or low dispersible radioactive material or with prototypes or samples of the packaging, where the contents of the specimen or the packaging for the tests shall simulate as closely as practicable the expected range of radioactive contents and the specimen or packaging to be tested shall be prepared as presented for carriage; (b) Reference to previous satisfactory demonstrations of a sufficiently similar nature; 2009/89. szám (c) Performance of tests with models of appropriate scale incorporating those features which are significant with respect to the item under investigation when engineering experience has shown results of such tests to be suitable for design purposes. When a scale model is used, the need for adjusting certain test parameters, such as penetrator diameter or compressive load, shall be taken into account; (d) Calculation, or reasoned argument, when the calculation procedures and parameters are generally agreed to be reliable or conservative. 6.4.12.2 After the specimen, prototype or sample has been subjected to the tests, appropriate methods of assessment shall be used to assure that the requirements for the test procedures have been fulfilled in compliance with the performance and acceptance standards prescribed in 2.2.7.2.3.1.3, 2.2.7.2.3.1.4, 2.2.7.2.3.3.1, 2.2.7.2.3.3.2, 2.2.7.2.3.4.1, 2.2.7.2.3.4.2, and 6.4.2 to 6.4.11. 6.4.12.3 All specimens shall be inspected before testing in order to identify and record faults or damage including the following: (a) Divergence from the design; (b) Defects in manufacture; (c) Corrosion or other deterioration; and (d) Distortion of features. The containment system of the package shall be clearly specified. The external features of the specimen shall be clearly identified so that reference may be made simply and clearly to any part of such specimen. 6.4.13 Testing the integrity of the containment system and shielding and evaluating criticality safety After each of the applicable tests specified in 6.4.15 to 6.4.21: (a) Faults and damage shall be identified and recorded; (b) It shall be determined whether the integrity of the containment system and shielding has been retained to the extent required in 6.4.2 to 6.4.11 for the package under test; and (c) For packages containing fissile material, it shall be determined whether the assumptions and conditions used in the assessments required by 6.4.11.1 to 6.4.11.12 for one or more packages are valid. 6.4.14 Target for drop tests The target for the drop tests specified in 2.2.7.2.3.3.5 (a), 6.4.15.4, 6.4.16 (a), 6.4.17.2 and 6.4.20.2 shall be a flat, horizontal surface of such a character that any increase in its resistance to displacement or deformation upon impact by the specimen would not significantly increase the damage to the specimen. 6.4.15 Tests for demonstrating ability to withstand normal conditions of carriage 6.4.15.1 The tests are: the water spray test, the free drop test, the stacking test and the penetration test. Specimens of the package shall be subjected to the free drop test, the stacking test and the penetration test, preceded in each case by the water spray test. One specimen may be used for all the tests, provided that the requirements of 6.4.15.2 are fulfilled. 6.4.15.2 The time interval between the conclusion of the water spray test and the succeeding test shall be such that the water has soaked in to the maximum extent, without appreciable drying of the exterior of the specimen. In the absence of any evidence to the contrary, this interval shall be taken to be two hours if the water spray is applied from four directions simultaneously. No time interval shall elapse, however, if the water spray is applied from each of the four directions consecutively. 6.4.15.3 Water spray test: The specimen shall be subjected to a water spray test that simulates exposure to rainfall of approximately 5 cm per hour for at least one hour. 6.4.15.4 Free drop test: The specimen shall drop onto the target so as to suffer maximum damage in respect of the safety features to be tested. (a) The height of drop measured from the lowest point of the specimen to the upper surface of the target shall be not less than the distance specified in Table 6.4.15.4 for the applicable mass. The target shall be as defined in 6.4.14; (b) For rectangular fibreboard or wood packages not exceeding a mass of 50 kg, a separate specimen shall be subjected to a free drop onto each corner from a height of 0.3 m; (c) For cylindrical fibreboard packages not exceeding a mass of 100 kg, a separate specimen shall be subjected to a free drop onto each of the quarters of each rim from a height of 0.3 m. 2009/89. szám Table 6.4.15.4: Free drop distance for testing packages to normal conditions of carriage Package mass (kg) Free drop distance (m) Package mass < 5000 1,2 5000 d Package mass < 10000 0,9 10000 d Package mass < 15000 0,6 15000 d Package mass 0,3 6.4.15.5 Stacking test: Unless the shape of the packaging effectively prevents stacking, the specimen shall be subjected, for a period of 24 h, to a compressive load equal to the greater of the following: (a) The equivalent of 5 times the mass of the actual package; and (b) The equivalent of 13 kPa multiplied by the vertically projected area of the package. The load shall be applied uniformly to two opposite sides of the specimen, one of which shall be the base on which the package would typically rest. 6.4.15.6 Penetration test: The specimen shall be placed on a rigid, flat, horizontal surface which will not move significantly while the test is being carried out. (a) A bar of 3.2 cm in diameter with a hemispherical end and a mass of 6 kg shall be dropped and directed to fall, with its longitudinal axis vertical, onto the centre of the weakest part of the specimen, so that, if it penetrates sufficiently far, it will hit the containment system. The bar shall not be significantly deformed by the test performance; (b) The height of drop of the bar measured from its lower end to the intended point of impact on the upper surface of the specimen shall be 1 m. 6.4.16 Additional tests for Type A packages designed for liquids and gases A specimen or separate specimens shall be subjected to each of the following tests unless it can be demonstrated that one test is more severe for the specimen in question than the other, in which case one specimen shall be subjected to the more severe test. (a) Free drop test: The specimen shall drop onto the target so as to suffer the maximum damage in respect of containment. The height of the drop measured from the lowest part of the specimen to the upper surface of the target shall be 9 m. The target shall be as defined in 6.4.14; (b) Penetration test: The specimen shall be subjected to the test specified in 6.4.15.6 except that the height of drop shall be increased to 1.7 m from the 1 m specified in 6.4.15.6 (b). 6.4.17 Tests for demonstrating ability to withstand accident conditions in carriage 6.4.17.1 The specimen shall be subjected to the cumulative effects of the tests specified in 6.4.17.2 and 6.4.17.3, in that order. Following these tests, either this specimen or a separate specimen shall be subjected to the effect(s) of the water immersion test(s) as specified in 6.4.17.4 and, if applicable, 6.4.18. 6.4.17.2 Mechanical test: The mechanical test consists of three different drop tests. Each specimen shall be subjected to the applicable drops as specified in 6.4.8.8 or 6.4.11.12. The order in which the specimen is subjected to the drops shall be such that, on completion of the mechanical test, the specimen shall have suffered such damage as will lead to the maximum damage in the thermal test which follows. (a) For drop I, the specimen shall drop onto the target so as to suffer the maximum damage, and the height of the drop measured from the lowest point of the specimen to the upper surface of the target shall be 9 m. The target shall be as defined in 6.4.14; (b) For drop II, the specimen shall drop so as to suffer the maximum damage onto a bar rigidly mounted perpendicularly on the target. The height of the drop measured from the intended point of impact of the specimen to the upper surface of the bar shall be 1 m. The bar shall be of solid mild steel of circular section, (15.0 cm ± 0.5 cm) in diameter and 20 cm long unless a longer bar would cause greater damage, in which case a bar of sufficient length to cause maximum damage shall be used. The upper end of the bar shall be flat and horizontal with its edge rounded off to a radius of not more than 6 mm. The target on which the bar is mounted shall be as described in 6.4.14; (c) For drop III, the specimen shall be subjected to a dynamic crush test by positioning the specimen on the target so as to suffer maximum damage by the drop of a 500 kg mass from 9 m onto the specimen. The mass shall consist of a solid mild steel plate 1 m by 1 m and shall fall in a horizontal attitude. The height of the drop shall be measured from the underside of the plate to the highest point of the specimen. The target on which the specimen rests shall be as defined in 6.4.14. 2009/89. szám 6.4.17.3 Thermal test: The specimen shall be in thermal equilibrium under conditions of an ambient temperature of 38 qC, subject to the solar insolation conditions specified in Table 6.4.8.6 and subject to the design maximum rate of internal heat generation within the package from the radioactive contents. Alternatively, any of these parameters are allowed to have different values prior to and during the test, providing due account is taken of them in the subsequent assessment of package response. The thermal test shall then consist of: (a) Exposure of a specimen for a period of 30 minutes to a thermal environment which provides a heat flux at least equivalent to that of a hydrocarbon fuel/air fire in sufficiently quiescent ambient conditions to give a minimum average flame emissivity coefficient of 0.9 and an average temperature of at least 800 qC, fully engulfing the specimen, with a surface absorptivity coefficient of 0.8 or that value which the package may be demonstrated to possess if exposed to the fire specified, followed by, (b) Exposure of the specimen to an ambient temperature of 38 qC, subject to the solar insolation conditions specified in Table 6.4.8.6 and subject to the design maximum rate of internal heat generation within the package by the radioactive contents for a sufficient period to ensure that temperatures in the specimen are everywhere decreasing and/or are approaching initial steady state conditions. Alternatively, any of these parameters are allowed to have different values following cessation of heating, providing due account is taken of them in the subsequent assessment of package response. During and following the test the specimen shall not be artificially cooled and any combustion of materials of the specimen shall be permitted to proceed naturally. 6.4.17.4 Water immersion test: The specimen shall be immersed under a head of water of at least 15 m for a period of not less than eight hours in the attitude which will lead to maximum damage. For demonstration purposes, an external gauge pressure of at least 150 kPa shall be considered to meet these conditions. 6.4.18 Enhanced water immersion test for Type B(U) and Type B(M) packages containing more than 105 A2 and Type C packages Enhanced water immersion test: The specimen shall be immersed under a head of water of at least 200 m for a period of not less than one hour. For demonstration purposes, an external gauge pressure of at least 2 MPa shall be considered to meet these conditions. 6.4.19 Water leakage test for packages containing fissile material 6.4.19.1 Packages for which water in-leakage or out-leakage to the extent which results in greatest reactivity has been assumed for purposes of assessment under 6.4.11.7 to 6.4.11.12 shall be excepted from the test. 6.4.19.2 Before the specimen is subjected to the water leakage test specified below, it shall be subjected to the tests in 6.4.17.2 (b), and either 6.4.17.2 (a) or (c) as required by 6.4.11.12, and the test specified in 6.4.17.3. 6.4.19.3 The specimen shall be immersed under a head of water of at least 0.9 m for a period of not less than 8 hours and in the attitude for which maximum leakage is expected. 6.4.20 Tests for Type C packages 6.4.20.1 Specimens shall be subjected to the effects of each of the following test sequences in the orders specified: (a) The tests specified in 6.4.17.2 (a), 6.4.17.2 (c), 6.4.20.2 and 6.4.20.3; and (b) The test specified in 6.4.20.4. Separate specimens are allowed to be used for each of the sequences (a) and (b). 6.4.20.2 Puncture/tearing test: The specimen shall be subjected to the damaging effects of a solid probe made of mild steel. The orientation of the probe to the surface of the specimen shall be as to cause maximum damage at the conclusion of the test sequence specified in 6.4.20.1 (a). (a) The specimen, representing a package having a mass less than 250 kg, shall be placed on a target and subjected to a probe having a mass of 250 kg falling from a height of 3 m above the intended impact point. For this test the probe shall be a 20 cm diameter cylindrical bar with the striking end forming a frustum of a right circular cone with the following dimensions: 30 cm height and 2.5 cm in diameter at the top with its edge rounded off to a radius of not more than 6 mm. The target on which the specimen is placed shall be as specified in 6.4.14; (b) For packages having a mass of 250 kg or more, the base of the probe shall be placed on a target and the specimen dropped onto the probe. The height of the drop, measured from the point of impact with the specimen to the upper surface of the probe shall be 3 m. For this test the probe shall have the same properties and dimensions as specified in (a) above, except that the length and mass of the probe shall be such as to incur maximum damage to the specimen. The target on which the base of the probe is placed shall be as specified in 6.4.14. 6.4.20.3 Enhanced thermal test: The conditions for this test shall be as specified in 6.4.17.3, except that the exposure to the thermal environment shall be for a period of 60 minutes. 2009/89. szám 6.4.20.4 Impact test: The specimen shall be subject to an impact on a target at a velocity of not less than 90 m/s, at such an orientation as to suffer maximum damage. The target shall be as defined in 6.4.14, except that the target surface may be at any orientation as long as the surface is normal to the specimen path. 6.4.21 Inspections for packagings designed to contain 0.1 kg or more of uranium hexafluoride 6.4.21.1 Every manufactured packaging and its service and structural equipment shall, either jointly or separately, undergo an inspection initially before being put into service and periodically thereafter. These inspections shall be performed and certified by agreement with the competent authority. 6.4.21.2 The initial inspection shall consist of a check of the design characteristics, a structural test, a leakproofness test, a water capacity test and a check of satisfactory operation of the service equipment. 6.4.21.3 The periodic inspections shall consist of a visual examination, a structural test, a leakproofness test and a check of satisfactory operation of the service equipment. The maximum intervals for periodic inspections shall be five years. Packagings which have not been inspected within this five-year period shall be examined before carriage in accordance with a programme approved by the competent authority. They shall not be refilled before completion of the full programme for periodic inspections. 6.4.21.4 The check of design characteristics shall demonstrate compliance with the design type specifications and the manufacturing programme. 6.4.21.5 For the initial structural test, packagings designed to contain 0.1 kg or more of uranium hexaflouride shall be tested hydraulically at an internal pressure of at least 1.38 MPa but, when the test pressure is less than 2.76 MPa, the design shall require multilateral approval. For retesting packagings, any other equivalent non-destructive testing may be applied subject to multilateral approval. 6.4.21.6 The leakproofness test shall be performed in accordance with a procedure which is capable of indicating leakages in the containment system with a sensitivity of 0.1 Pa·l/s (10-6 bar·l/s). 6.4.21.7 The water capacity of the packagings shall be established with an accuracy of r 0.25% at a reference temperature of 15 °C. The volume shall be stated on the plate described in 6.4.21.8. 6.4.21.8 A plate made of non-corroding metal shall be durably attached to every packaging in a readily accessible place. The method of attaching the plate must not impair the strength of the packaging. The following particulars, at least, shall be marked on the plate by stamping or by any other equivalent method: – Approval number; – Manufacturer's serial number; – Maximum working pressure (gauge pressure); – Test pressure (gauge pressure); – Contents: uranium hexafluoride; – Capacity in litres; – Maximum permissible filling mass of uranium hexafluoride; – Tare mass; – Date (month, year) of the initial test and the most recent periodic test; – Stamp of the expert who performed the tests. 6.4.22 Approvals of package designs and materials 6.4.22.1 The approval of designs for packages containing 0.1 kg or more of uranium hexafluoride requires that: (a) Each design that meets the requirements of 6.4.6.4 shall require multilateral approval; (b) Each design that meets the requirements of 6.4.6.1 to 6.4.6.3 shall require unilateral approval by the competent authority of the country of origin of the design, unless multilateral approval is otherwise required by RID. 6.4.22.2 Each Type B(U) and Type C package design shall require unilateral approval, except that: (a) A package design for fissile material, which is also subject to 6.4.22.4, 6.4.23.7, and 5.1.5.2.1 shall require multilateral approval; and (b) A Type B(U) package design for low dispersible radioactive material shall require multilateral approval. 6.4.22.3 Each Type B(M) package design, including those for fissile material which are also subject to the requirements of 6.4.22.4, 6.4.23.7, and 5.1.5.2.1 and those for low dispersible radioactive material, shall require multilateral approval. 6.4.22.4 Each package design for fissile material which is not excepted according to 6.4.11.2 from the requirements that apply specifically to packages containing fissile material shall require multilateral approval. 2009/89. szám 6.4.22.5 The design for special form radioactive material shall require unilateral approval. The design for low dispersible radioactive material shall require multilateral approval (see also 6.4.23.8). 6.4.22.6 Any design that requires unilateral approval originating in a COTIF member state shall be approved by the competent authority of this country; if the country where the package has been designed is not a COTIF member state, carriage is possible on condition that: (a) a certificate has been supplied by this country, proving that the package satisfies the technical requirements of RID, and that this certificate is countersigned by the competent authority of the first COTIF member state reached by the consignment; (b) if no certificate and no existing package design approval by a COTIF member state has been supplied, the package design is approved by the competent authority of the first COTIF member state reached by the consignment. 6.4.22.7 For designs approved under the transitional measures see 1.6.6. 6.4.23 Applications and approvals for radioactive material carriage 6.4.23.1 (Reserved) 6.4.23.2 An application for shipment approval shall include: (a) The period of time, related to the shipment, for which the approval is sought; (b) The actual radioactive contents, the expected modes of carriage, the type of wagon, and the probable or proposed route; and (c) The details of how the precautions and administrative or operational controls, referred to in the package design approval certificates issued under 5.1.5.2.1, are to be put into effect. 6.4.23.3 An application for approval of shipments under special arrangement shall include all the information necessary to satisfy the competent authority that the overall level of safety in carriage is at least equivalent to that which would be provided if all the applicable requirements of RID had been met. The application shall also include: (a) A statement of the respects in which, and of the reasons why, the shipment cannot be made in full accordance with the applicable requirements of RID; and (b) A statement of any special precautions or special administrative or operational controls which are to be employed during carriage to compensate for the failure to meet the applicable requirements of RID. 6.4.23.4 An application for approval of Type B(U) or Type C package design shall include: (a) A detailed description of the proposed radioactive contents with reference to their physical and chemical states and the nature of the radiation emitted; (b) A detailed statement of the design, including complete engineering drawings and schedules of materials and methods of manufacture; (c) A statement of the tests which have been done and their results, or evidence based on calculative methods or other evidence that the design is adequate to meet the applicable requirements; (d) The proposed operating and maintenance instructions for the use of the packaging; (e) If the package is designed to have a maximum normal operating pressure in excess of 100 kPa gauge, a specification of the materials of manufacture of the containment system, the samples to be taken, and the tests to be made; (f) Where the proposed radioactive contents are irradiated fuel, a statement and a justification of any assumption in the safety analysis relating to the characteristics of the fuel and a description of any pre-shipment measurement as required by 6.4.11.4 (b); (g) Any special stowage provisions necessary to ensure the safe dissipation of heat from the package considering the various modes of carriage to be used and type of wagon or container; (h) A reproducible illustration, not larger than 21 cm by 30 cm, showing the make-up of the package; and (i) A specification of the applicable quality assurance programme as required in 1.7.3. 6.4.23.5 An application for approval of a Type B(M) package design shall include, in addition to the general information required for package approval in 6.4.23.4 for Type B(U) packages: (a) A list of the requirements specified in 6.4.7.5, 6.4.8.5, 6.4.8.6 and 6.4.8.9 to 6.4.8.15 with which the package does not conform; (b) Any proposed supplementary operational controls to be applied during carriage not regularly provided for in RID, but which are necessary to ensure the safety of the package or to compensate for the deficiencies listed in (a) above; (c) A statement relative to any restrictions on the mode of carriage and to any special loading, carriage, unloading or handling procedures; and 2009/89. szám (d) The range of ambient conditions (temperature, solar radiation) which are expected to be encountered during carriage and which have been taken into account in the design. 6.4.23.6 The application for approval of designs for packages containing 0.1 kg or more of uranium hexafluoride shall include all information necessary to satisfy the competent authority that the design meets the applicable requirements of 6.4.6.1, and a description of the applicable quality assurance programme as required in 1.7.3. 6.4.23.7 An application for a fissile package approval shall include all information necessary to satisfy the competent authority that the design meets the applicable requirements of 6.4.11.1, and a specification of the applicable quality assurance programme as required by 1.7.3. 6.4.23.8 An application for approval of design for special form radioactive material and design for low dispersible radioactive material shall include: (a) A detailed description of the radioactive material or, if a capsule, the contents; particular reference shall be made to both physical and chemical states; (b) A detailed statement of the design of any capsule to be used; (c) A statement of the tests which have been done and their results, or evidence based on calculative methods to show that the radioactive material is capable of meeting the performance standards, or other evidence that the special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material meets the applicable requirements of RID; (d) A specification of the applicable quality assurance programme as required in 1.7.3; and (e) Any proposed pre-shipment actions for use in the consignment of special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material. 6.4.23.9 Each approval certificate issued by a competent authority shall be assigned an identification mark. The identification mark shall be of the following generalized type: VRI/Number/Type Code (a) Except as provided in 6.4.23.10 (b), VRI represents the international vehicle registration identification code of the country issuing the certificate1; (b) The number shall be assigned by the competent authority, and shall be unique and specific with regard to the particular design or shipment. The shipment approval identification mark shall be clearly related to the design approval identification mark; (c) The following type codes shall be used in the order listed to indicate the types of approval certificates issued: AF Type A package design for fissile material B(U) Type B(U) package design [B(U) F if for fissile material] B(M) Type B(M) package design [B(M) F if for fissile material] C Type C package design (CF if for fissile material) IF Industrial package design for fissile material S Special form radioactive material LD Low dispersible radioactive material T Shipment X Special arrangement In the case of package designs for non-fissile or fissile excepted uranium hexafluoride, where none of the above codes apply, then the following type codes shall be used: H(U) Unilateral approval H(M) Multilateral approval; (d) For package design and special form radioactive material approval certificates, other than those issued under the transitional provisions of 1.6.6.2 and 1.6.6.3, and for low dispersible radioactive material approval certificates, the symbols "–96" shall be added to the type code. 6.4.23.10 These type codes shall be applied as follows: (a) Each certificate and each package shall bear the appropriate identification mark, comprising the symbols prescribed in 6.4.23.9 (a), (b), (c) and (d) above, except that, for packages, only the applicable design type codes including, if applicable, the symbols "–96", shall appear following the second stroke, that is, the "T" or "X" shall not appear in the identification marking on the package. Where the design approval and shipment approval are combined, the applicable type codes do not need to be repeated. See Vienna Convention on Road Traffic (1968). 2009/89. szám For example: A/132/B(M)F-96: A Type B(M) package design approved for fissile material, requiring multilateral approval, for which the competent authority of Austria has assigned the design number 132 (to be marked on both the package and on the package design approval certificate); A/132/B(M)F-96T: The shipment approval issued for a package bearing the identification mark elaborated above (to be marked on the certificate only); A/137/X: A special arrangement approval issued by the competent authority of Austria, to which the number 137 has been assigned (to be marked on the certificate only); A/139/IF-96: An industrial package design for fissile material approved by the competent authority of Austria, to which package design number 139 has been assigned (to be marked on both the package and on the package design approval certificate); and A/145/H(U)-96: A package design for fissile excepted uranium hexafluoride approved by the competent authority of Austria, to which package design number 145 has been assigned (to be marked on both the package and on the package design approval certificate); (b) Where multilateral approval is effected by validation according to 6.4.23.16, only the identification mark issued by the country of origin of the design or shipment shall be used. Where multilateral approval is effected by issue of certificates by successive countries, each certificate shall bear the appropriate identification mark and the package whose design was so approved shall bear all appropriate identification marks. For example: A/132/B(M)F-96 CH/28/B(M)F-96 would be the identification mark of a package which was originally approved by Austria and was subsequently approved, by separate certificate, by Switzerland. Additional identification marks would be tabulated in a similar manner on the package; (c) The revision of a certificate shall be indicated by a parenthetical expression following the identification mark on the certificate. For example, A/132/B(M)F-96 (Rev.2) would indicate revision 2 of the Austrian package design approval certificate; or A/132/B(M)F-96 (Rev.0) would indicate the original issuance of the Austrian package design approval certificate. For original issuances, the parenthetical entry is optional and other words such as "original issuance" may also be used in place of "Rev.0". Certificate revision numbers may only be issued by the country issuing the original approval certificate; (d) Additional symbols (as may be necessitated by national regulations) may be added in brackets to the end of the identification mark; for example, A/132/B(M)F-96(SP503); (e) It is not necessary to alter the identification mark on the packaging each time that a revision to the design certificate is made. Such re-marking shall be required only in those cases where the revision to the package design certificate involves a change in the letter type codes for the package design following the second stroke. 6.4.23.11 Each approval certificate issued by a competent authority for special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material shall include the following information: (a) Type of certificate; (b) The competent authority identification mark; (c) The issue date and an expiry date; (d) List of applicable national and international regulations, including the edition of the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material under which the special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material is approved; (e) The identification of the special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material; (f) A description of the special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material; (g) Design specifications for the special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material which may include references to drawings; (h) A specification of the radioactive contents which includes the activities involved and which may include the physical and chemical form; (i) A specification of the applicable quality assurance programme as required in 1.7.3; (j) Reference to information provided by the applicant relating to specific actions to be taken prior to shipment; (k) If deemed appropriate by the competent authority, reference to the identity of the applicant; (l) Signature and identification of the certifying official. 6.4.23.12 Each approval certificate issued by a competent authority for a special arrangement shall include the following information: (a) Type of certificate; (b) The competent authority identification mark; 2009/89. szám (c) The issue date and an expiry date; (d) Mode(s) of carriage; (e) Any restrictions on the modes of carriage, type of wagon, container, and any necessary routeing instructions; (f) List of applicable national and international regulations, including the edition of the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material under which the special arrangement is approved; (g) The following statement: "This certificate does not relieve the consignor from compliance with any requirement of the government of any country through or into which the package will be carried."; (h) References to certificates for alternative radioactive contents, other competent authority validation, or additional technical data or information, as deemed appropriate by the competent authority; (i) Description of the packaging by a reference to the drawings or a specification of the design. If deemed appropriate by the competent authority, a reproducible illustration, not larger than 21 cm by 30 cm, showing the make-up of the package shall also be provided, accompanied by a brief description of the packaging, including materials of manufacture, gross mass, general outside dimensions and appearance; (j) A specification of the authorized radioactive contents, including any restrictions on the radioactive contents which might not be obvious from the nature of the packaging. This shall include the physical and chemical forms, the activities involved (including those of the various isotopes, if appropriate), amounts in grams (for fissile material), and whether special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material, if applicable; (k) Additionally, for packages containing fissile material: (i) a detailed description of the authorized radioactive contents; (ii) the value of the criticality safety index; (iii) reference to the documentation that demonstrates the criticality safety of the contents; (iv) any special features, on the basis of which the absence of water from certain void spaces has been assumed in the criticality assessment; (v) any allowance (based on 6.4.11.4 (b)) for a change in neutron multiplication assumed in the criticality assessment as a result of actual irradiation experience; and (vi) the ambient temperature range for which the special arrangement has been approved; (l) A detailed listing of any supplementary operational controls required for preparation, loading, carriage, unloading and handling of the consignment, including any special stowage provisions for the safe dissipation of heat; (m) If deemed appropriate by the competent authority, reasons for the special arrangement; (n) Description of the compensatory measures to be applied as a result of the shipment being under special arrangement; (o) Reference to information provided by the applicant relating to the use of the packaging or specific actions to be taken prior to the shipment; (p) A statement regarding the ambient conditions assumed for purposes of design if these are not in accordance with those specified in 6.4.8.5, 6.4.8.6 and 6.4.8.15, as applicable; (q) Any emergency arrangements deemed necessary by the competent authority; (r) A specification of the applicable quality assurance programme as required in 1.7.3; (s) If deemed appropriate by the competent authority, reference to the identity of the applicant and to the identity of the carrier; (t) Signature and identification of the certifying official. 6.4.23.13 Each approval certificate for a shipment issued by a competent authority shall include the following information: (a) Type of certificate; (b) The competent authority identification mark(s); (c) The issue date and an expiry date; (d) List of applicable national and international regulations, including the edition of the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material under which the shipment is approved; (e) Any restrictions on the modes of carriage, type of wagon, container, and any necessary routeing instructions; (f) The following statement: "This certificate does not relieve the consignor from compliance with any requirement of the government of any country through or into which the package will be carried."; (g) A detailed listing of any supplementary operational controls required for preparation, loading, carriage, unloading and handling of the consignment, including any special stowage provisions for the safe dissipation of heat or maintenance of criticality safety; 2009/89. szám (h) Reference to information provided by the applicant relating to specific actions to be taken prior to shipment; (i) Reference to the applicable design approval certificate(s); (j) A specification of the actual radioactive contents, including any restrictions on the radioactive contents which might not be obvious from the nature of the packaging. This shall include the physical and chemical forms, the total activities involved (including those of the various isotopes, if appropriate), amounts in grams (for fissile material), and whether special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material, if applicable; (k) Any emergency arrangements deemed necessary by the competent authority; (l) A specification of the applicable quality assurance programme as required in 1.7.3; (m) If deemed appropriate by the competent authority, reference to the identity of the applicant; (n) Signature and identification of the certifying official. 6.4.23.14 Each approval certificate of the design of a package issued by a competent authority shall include the following information: (a) Type of certificate; (b) The competent authority identification mark; (c) The issue date and an expiry date; (d) Any restriction on the modes of carriage, if appropriate; (e) List of applicable national and international regulations, including the edition of the IAEA Regulations for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Material under which the design is approved; (f) The following statement; "This certificate does not relieve the consignor from compliance with any requirement of the government of any country through or into which the package will be carried."; (g) References to certificates for alternative radioactive contents, other competent authority validation, or additional technical data or information, as deemed appropriate by the competent authority; (h) A statement authorizing shipment where shipment approval is required under 5.1.5.1.2, if deemed appropriate; (i) Identification of the packaging; (j) Description of the packaging by a reference to the drawings or specification of the design. If deemed appropriate by the competent authority, a reproducible illustration, not larger than 21 cm by 30 cm, showing the make-up of the package should also be provided, accompanied by a brief description of the packaging, including materials of manufacture, gross mass, general outside dimensions and appearance; (k) Specification of the design by reference to the drawings; (l) A specification of the authorized radioactive content, including any restrictions on the radioactive contents which might not be obvious from the nature of the packaging. This shall include the physical and chemical forms, the activities involved (including those of the various isotopes, if appropriate), amounts in grams (for fissile material), and whether special form radioactive material or low dispersible radioactive material, if applicable; (m) A description of the containment system; (n) Additionally, for packages containing fissile material: (i) a detailed description of the authorized radioactive contents; (ii) a description of the confinement system; (iii) the value of the criticality safety index; (iv) reference to the documentation that demonstrates the criticality safety of the contents; (v) any special features, on the basis of which the absence of water from certain void spaces has been assumed in the criticality assessment; (vi) any allowance (based on 6.4.11.4 (b)) for a change in neutron multiplication assumed in the criticality assessment as a result of actual irradiation experience; and (vii) the ambient temperature range for which the package design has been approved; (o) For Type B(M) packages, a statement specifying those requirements of 6.4.7.5, 6.4.8.4, 6.4.8.5, 6.4.8.6 and 6.4.8.9 to 6.4.8.15 with which the package does not conform and any amplifying information which may be useful to other competent authorities; (p) For packages containing more than 0.1 kg of uranium hexafluoride, a statement specifying those provisions of 6.4.6.4 which apply if any and any amplifying information which may be useful to other competent authorities; (q) A detailed listing of any supplementary operational controls required for preparation, loading, carriage, unloading and handling of the consignment, including any special stowage provisions for the safe dissipation of heat; 2009/89. szám (r) Reference to information provided by the applicant relating to the use of the packaging or specific actions to be taken prior to shipment; (s) A statement regarding the ambient conditions assumed for purposes of design if these are not in accordance with those specified in 6.4.8.5, 6.4.8.6 and 6.4.8.15, as applicable; (t) A specification of the applicable quality assurance programme as required in 1.7.3; (u) Any emergency arrangements deemed necessary by the competent authority; (v) If deemed appropriate by the competent authority, reference to the identity of the applicant; (w) Signature and identification of the certifying official. 6.4.23.15 The competent authority shall be informed of the serial number of each packaging manufactured to a design approved by them under 1.6.6.2.1, 1.6.6.2.2, 6.4.22.2, 6.4.22.3 and 6.4.22.4. 6.4.23.16 Multilateral approval may be by validation of the original certificate issued by the competent authority of the country of origin of the design or shipment. Such validation may take the form of an endorsement on the original certificate or the issuance of a separate endorsement, annex, supplement, etc., by the competent authority of the country through or into which the shipment is made. 2009/89. szám Chapter 6.5 Requirements for the construction and testing of intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) 6.5.1 General requirements 6.5.1.1 Scope 6.5.1.1.1 The requirements of this Chapter apply to intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) the use of which is expressly authorized for the carriage of certain dangerous goods according to the packing instructions indicated in Column (8) of Table A in Chapter 3.2. Portable tanks and tank-containers which meet the requirements of Chapter 6.7 or 6.8 respectively are not considered to be IBCs. IBCs which meet the requirements of this Chapter are not considered to be containers for the purposes of RID. The letters IBC only will be used in the rest of the text to refer to intermediate bulk containers. 6.5.1.1.2 Exceptionally, IBCs and their service equipment not conforming strictly to the requirements herein, but having acceptable alternatives, may be considered by the competent authority for approval. In addition, in order to take into account progress in science and technology, the use of alternative arrangements which offer at least equivalent safety in use in respect of compatibility with the properties of the substances carried and equivalent or superior resistance to impact, loading and fire, may be considered by the competent authority. 6.5.1.1.3 The construction, equipment, testing, marking and operation of IBCs shall be subject to acceptance by the competent authority of the country in which the IBCs are approved. 6.5.1.1.4 Manufacturers and subsequent distributors of IBCs shall provide information regarding procedures to be followed and a description of the types and dimensions of closures (including required gaskets) and any other components needed to ensure that IBCs as presented for carriage are capable of passing the applicable performance tests of this Chapter. 6.5.1.2 (Reserved) 6.5.1.3 (Reserved) 6.5.1.4 Designatory code system for IBCs 6.5.1.4.1 The code shall consist of two Arabic numerals as specified in (a), followed by a capital letter(s) specified in (b), followed, when specified in an individual section, by an Arabic numeral indicating the category of IBC. (a) For solids, filled or discharged Type by gravity under pressure of more than 10 kPa (0.1 bar) For liquids Rigid Flexible – – (b) Materials A. Steel (all types and surface treatments) B. Aluminium C. Natural wood D. Plywood F. Reconstituted wood G. Fibreboard H. Plastics material L. Textile M. Paper, multiwall N. Metal (other than steel or aluminium). 6.5.1.4.2 For composite IBCs, two capital letters in Latin characters shall be used in sequence in the second position of the code. The first shall indicate the material of the inner receptacle of the IBC and the second that of the outer packaging of the IBC. 2009/89. szám 6.5.1.4.3 The following types and codes of IBC are assigned: Material Category Code Subsection Metal A. Steel for solids, filled or discharged by gravity for solids, filled or discharged under pressure for liquids 11A 21A 31A 6.5.5.1 B. Aluminium for solids, filled or discharged by gravity for solids, filled or discharged under pressure for liquids 11B 21B 31B N. Other than steel or aluminium for solids, filled or discharged by gravity for solids, filled or discharged under pressure for liquids 11N 21N 31N Flexible H. Plastics woven plastics without coating or liner woven plastics, coated woven plastics with liner woven plastics, coated and with liner plastics film 13H1 13H2 13H3 13H4 13H5 6.5.5.2 L. Textile without coating or liner coated with liner coated and with liner 13L1 13L2 13L3 13L4 M. Paper multiwall multiwall, water resistant 13M1 13M2 H. Rigid plastics for solids, filled or discharged by gravity, fitted with structural equipment for solids, filled or discharged by gravity, freestanding for solids, filled or discharged under pressure, fitted with structural equipment for solids, filled or discharged under pressure, freestanding for liquids, fitted with structural equipment for liquids, freestanding 11H1 11H2 21H1 21H2 31H1 31H2 6.5.5.3 HZ. Composite with plastics inner receptaclea for solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with rigid plastics inner receptacle for solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with flexible plastics inner receptacle for solids, filled or discharged under pressure, with rigid plastics inner receptacle for solids, filled or discharged under pressure, with flexible plastics inner receptacle for liquids, with rigid plastics inner receptacle for liquids, with flexible plastics inner receptacle 11HZ1 11HZ2 21HZ1 21HZ2 31HZ1 31HZ2 6.5.5.4 G. Fibreboard for solids, filled or discharged by gravity 11G 6.5.5.5 Wooden C. Natural wood for solids, filled or discharged by gravity with inner liner 11C 6.5.5.6 D. Plywood for solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with inner liner 11D F. Reconstituted wood for solids, filled or discharged by gravity, with inner liner 11F a The code shall be completed by replacing the letter Z by a capital letter in accordance with 6.5.1.4.1 (b) to indicate the nature of the material used for the outer casing. 2009/89. szám 6.5.1.4.4 The letter "W" may follow the IBC code. The letter "W" signifies that the IBC, although of the same type indicated by the code, is manufactured to a specification different from those in 6.5.5 and is considered equivalent in accordance with the requirements in 6.5.1.1.2. 6.5.2 Marking 6.5.2.1 Primary marking 6.5.2.1.1 Each IBC manufactured and intended for use according to RID shall bear markings which are durable, legible and placed in a location so as to be readily visible. Letters, numerals and symbols shall be at least 12 mm high and shall show: (a) The United Nations packaging symbol: u n . This symbol shall not be used for any purpose other than certifying that a packaging complies with the relevant requirements in Chapter 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.5 or 6.6. For metal IBCs on which the marking is stamped or embossed, the capital letters "UN" may be applied instead of the symbol; (b) The code designating the type of IBC according to 6.5.1.4; (c) A capital letter designating the packing group(s) for which the design type has been approved: (i) X for packing groups I, II and III (IBCs for solids only); (ii) Y for packing groups II and III; (iii) Z for packing group III only; (d) The month and year (last two digits) of manufacture; (e) The State authorizing the allocation of the mark; indicated by the distinguishing sign for motor vehicles in international traffic1; (f) The name or symbol of the manufacturer and other identification of the IBC as specified by the competent authority; (g) The stacking test load in kg. For IBCs not designed for stacking, the figure "0" shall be shown; (h) The maximum permissible gross mass in kg. The primary marking required above shall be applied in the sequence of the subparagraphs below. The marking required by 6.5.2.2 and any further marking authorized by a competent authority shall still enable the parts of the mark to be correctly identified. Each element of the marking applied in accordance with (a) to (h) and with 6.5.2.2 shall be clearly separated, e.g. by a slash or space, so as to be easily identifiable. 6.5.2.1.2 Examples of markings for various types of IBC in accordance with 6.5.2.1.1 (a) to (h) above: u n 11A/Y/0299 NL/Mulder 007/5500/1500 For a metal IBC for solids discharged by gravity and made from steel / for packing groups II and III / manufactured in February 1999 / authorized by the Netherlands / manufactured by Mulder and of a design type to which the competent authority has allocated serial number 007 / the stacking test load in kg / the maximum permissible gross mass in kg. u n 13H3/Z/0301 F/Meunier 1713/0/1500 For a flexible IBC for solids discharged for instance by gravity and made from woven plastics with a liner/not designed to be stacked. u n 31H1/Y/0499 GB/9099/10800/1200 For a rigid plastics IBC for liquids made from plastics with structural equipment withstanding the stack load. u n 31HA1/Y/0501 D/Müller/1683/10800/1200 For a composite IBC for liquids with a rigid plastics inner receptacle and a steel outer casing. u n 11C/X/0102 S/Aurigny/9876/3000/910 For a wooden IBC for solids with an inner liner authorized for packing groups I, II and III solids. Distinguishing sign for motor vehicles in international traffic prescribed in Vienna Convention on Road Traffic (1968). 2009/89. szám 6.5.2.2 Additional marking 6.5.2.2.1 Each IBC shall bear the markings required in 6.5.2.1 and, in addition, the following information which may appear on a corrosion-resistant plate permanently attached in a place readily accessible for inspection: Category of IBC Additional marking Metal Rigid plastics Composite Fibreboard Wooden Capacity in litres at 20 °C(a) x x x Tare mass in kg(a) x x x x x Test (gauge) pressure, in kPa or bar (a), if applicable x x Maximum filling / discharge pressure in kPa or bar (a), if applicable x x x Body material and its minimum thickness in mm x Date of last leakproofness test, if applicable (month and year) x x x Date of last inspection (month and year) x x x Serial number of the manufacturer x Maximum permitted stacking load(b) x x x x x (a) The unit used shall be indicated. (b) See 6.5.2.2.2. This additional marking shall apply to all IBCs manufactured, repaired or remanufactured as from 1 January 2011 (see also 1.6.1.15). 6.5.2.2.2 The maximum permitted stacking load applicable when the IBC is in use shall be displayed on a symbol as follows: IBCs capable of being stacked IBCs NOT capable of being stacked The symbol shall be not less than 100 mm u 100 mm, be durable and clearly visible. The letters and numbers indicating the mass shall be at least 12 mm high. The mass marked above the symbol shall not exceed the load imposed during the design type test (see 6.5.6.6.4) divided by 1.8. NOTE: The provisions of 6.5.2.2.2 shall apply to all IBCs manufactured, repaired or remanufactured as from 1 January 2011 (see also 1.6.1.15). 6.5.2.2.3 In addition to the markings required in 6.5.2.1, flexible IBCs may bear a pictogram indicating recommended lifting methods. 6.5.2.2.4 The inner receptacle of composite IBCs shall be marked with at least the following information: (a) The name or symbol of the manufacturer and other identification of the IBC as specified by the competent authority as in 6.5.2.1.1 (f); (b) The date of manufacture, as in 6.5.2.1.1 (d); ... kg max 2009/89. szám (c) The distinguishing sign of the State authorizing the allocation of the mark, as in 6.5.2.1.1 (e). 6.5.2.2.5 Where a composite IBCs is designed in such a manner that the outer casing is intended to be dismantled for carriage when empty (such as for return of the IBC for reuse to the original consignor), each of the parts intended to be detached when so dismantled shall be marked with the month and year of manufacture and the name or symbol of the manufacturer and other identification of the IBC as specified by the competent authority (see 6.5.2.1.1 (f)). 6.5.2.3 Conformity to design type The marking indicates that IBCs correspond to a successfully tested design type and that the requirements referred to in the certificate have been met. 6.5.3 Construction requirements 6.5.3.1 General requirements 6.5.3.1.1 IBCs shall be resistant to or adequately protected from deterioration due to the external environment. 6.5.3.1.2 IBCs shall be so constructed and closed that none of the contents can escape under normal conditions of carriage including the effect of vibration, or by changes in temperature, humidity or pressure. 6.5.3.1.3 IBCs and their closures shall be constructed of materials compatible with their contents, or be protected internally, so that they are not liable: (a) To be attacked by the contents so as to make their use dangerous; (b) To cause the contents to react or decompose, or form harmful or dangerous compounds with the IBCs. 6.5.3.1.4 Gaskets, where used, shall be made of materials not subject to attack by the contents of the IBCs. 6.5.3.1.5 All service equipment shall be so positioned or protected as to minimize the risk of escape of the contents owing to damage during handling and carriage. 6.5.3.1.6 IBCs, their attachments and their service and structural equipment shall be designed to withstand, without loss of contents, the internal pressure of the contents and the stresses of normal handling and carriage. IBCs intended for stacking shall be designed for stacking. Any lifting or securing features of IBCs shall be of sufficient strength to withstand the normal conditions of handling and carriage without gross distortion or failure and shall be so positioned that no undue stress is caused in any part of the IBC. 6.5.3.1.7 Where an IBC consists of a body within a framework it shall be so constructed that: (a) The body does not chafe or rub against the framework so as to cause material damage to the body; (b) The body is retained within the framework at all times; (c) The items of equipment are fixed in such a way that they cannot be damaged if the connections between body and frame allow relative expansion or movement. 6.5.3.1.8 Where a bottom discharge valve is fitted, it shall be capable of being made secure in the closed position and the whole discharge system shall be suitably protected from damage. Valves having lever closures shall be able to be secured against accidental opening and the open or closed position shall be readily apparent. For IBCs containing liquids, a secondary means of sealing the discharge aperture shall also be provided, e.g. a blank flange or equivalent device. 6.5.4 Testing, certification and inspection 6.5.4.1 Quality assurance: the IBCs shall be manufactured and tested under a quality assurance programme which satisfies the competent authority, in order to ensure that each manufactured IBC meets the requirements of this Chapter. NOTE: ISO 16106:2006 "Packaging – Transport packages for dangerous goods – Dangerous goods packagings, intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) and large packagings – Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001" provides acceptable guidance on procedures which may be followed. 6.5.4.2 Test requirements: IBCs shall be subject to design type tests and, if applicable, to initial and periodic inspections and tests in accordance with 6.5.4.4. 6.5.4.3 Certification: in respect of each design type of IBC a certificate and mark (as in 6.5.2) shall be issued attesting that the design type, including its equipment, meets the test requirements. 6.5.4.4 Inspection and testing NOTE: See also 6.5.4.5 for tests and inspections on repaired IBCs. 6.5.4.4.1 Every metal, rigid plastics and composite IBC shall be inspected to the satisfaction of the competent authority 2009/89. szám (a) before it is put into service (including after remanufactured), and thereafter at intervals not exceeding five years, with regard to: (i) conformity to design type including marking; (ii) internal and external condition; (iii) proper functioning of service equipment. Thermal insulation, if any, need be removed only to the extent necessary for a proper examination of the body of the IBC. (b) at intervals of not more than two and a half years, with regard to: (i) external condition; (ii) proper functioning of service equipment. Thermal insulation, if any, need be removed only to the extent necessary for a proper examination of the body of the IBC. Each IBC shall correspond in all respects to its design type. 6.5.4.4.2 Every metal, rigid plastics and composite IBC for liquids, or for solids which are filled or discharged under pressure, shall undergo a suitable leakproofness test at least equally effective as the test prescribed in 6.5.6.7.3 and be capable of meeting the test level indicated in 6.5.6.7.3: (a) before it is first used for carriage; (b) at intervals of not more than two and a half years. For this test the IBC shall be fitted with the primary bottom closure. The inner receptacle of a composite IBC may be tested without the outer casing, provided that the test results are not affected. 6.5.4.4.3 A report of each inspection and test shall be kept by the owner of the IBC at least until the next inspection or test. The report shall include the results of the inspection and test and shall identify the party performing the inspection and test (see also the marking requirements in 6.5.2.2.1). 6.5.4.4.4 The competent authority may at any time require proof, by tests in accordance with this Chapter, that IBCs meet the requirements of the design type tests. 6.5.4.5 Repaired IBCs 6.5.4.5.1 When an IBC is impaired as a result of impact (e.g. accident) or any other cause, it shall be repaired or otherwise maintained (see definition of "Routine maintenance of IBCs" in 1.2.1), so as to conform to the design type. The bodies of rigid plastics IBCs and the inner receptacles of composite IBCs that are impaired shall be replaced. 6.5.4.5.2 In addition to any other testing and inspection requirements in RID, an IBC shall be subjected to the full testing and inspection requirements set out in 6.5.4.4, and the required reports shall be prepared, whenever it is repaired. 6.5.4.5.3 The party performing the tests and inspections after the repair shall durably mark the IBC near the manufacturer's UN design type marking to show: (a) the State in which the tests and inspections were carried out; (b) the name or authorized symbol of the party performing the tests and inspections; and (c) the date (month, year) of the tests and inspections. 6.5.4.5.4 Test and inspections performed in accordance with 6.5.4.5.2 may be considered to satisfy the requirements for the two and a half and five year periodic tests and inspections. 6.5.5 Specific requirements for IBCs 6.5.5.1 Specific requirements for metal IBCs 6.5.5.1.1 These requirements apply to metal IBCs intended for the carriage of solids and liquids. There are three categories of metal IBCs: (a) those for solids which are filled or discharged by gravity (11A, 11B, 11N); (b) those for solids which are filled or discharged at a gauge pressure greater than 10 kPa (0.1 bar) (21A, 21B, 21N); and (c) those for liquids (31A, 31B, 31N). 6.5.5.1.2 Bodies shall be made of suitable ductile metal in which the weldability has been fully demonstrated. Welds shall be skilfully made and afford complete safety. Low-temperature performance of the material shall be taken into account when appropriate. 6.5.5.1.3 Care shall be taken to avoid damage by galvanic action due to the juxtaposition of dissimilar metals. 2009/89. szám 6.5.5.1.4 Aluminium IBCs intended for the carriage of flammable liquids shall have no movable parts, such as covers, closures, etc., made of unprotected steel liable to rust, which might cause a dangerous reaction by coming into frictional or percussive contact with the aluminium. 6.5.5.1.5 Metal IBCs shall be made of metals which meet the following requirements: (a) for steel the elongation at fracture, in %, shall not be less than Rm 10000 with an absolute minimum of 20%; where Rm = guaranteed minimum tensile strength of the steel to be used, in N/mm2; (b) for aluminium and its alloy the elongation at fracture, in %, shall not be less than Rm 10000 with an absolute minimum of 8%. Specimens used to determine the elongation at fracture shall be taken transversely to the direction of rolling and be so secured that: L0 = 5d or L0 = 5,65 A , where: L0 = gauge length of the specimen before the test d = diameter A = cross-sectional area of test specimen. 6.5.5.1.6 Minimum wall thickness: (a) for a reference steel having a product of Rm x A0 = 10 000, the wall thickness shall not be less than: Wall thickness (T) in mm Types 11A, 11B, 11N Types 21A, 21B, 21N, 31A, 31B, 31N Capacity (C) in litres Unprotected Protected Unprotected Protected C  1000 1000 < C  2000 2000 < C  3000 2.0 T = C/2000 + 1.5 T = C/2000 + 1.5 1.5 T = C/2000 + 1.0 T = C/2000 + 1.0 2.5 T = C/2000 + 2.0 T = C/1000 + 1.0 2.0 T = C/2000 + 1.5 T = C/2000 + 1.5 where: A0 = minimum elongation (as a percentage) of the reference steel to be used on fracture under tensile stress (see 6.5.5.1.5); (b) for metals other than the reference steel described in (a), the minimum wall thickness is given by the following equivalence formula: e1 = x A Rm e x 21.4 where: e1 = required equivalent wall thickness of the metal to be used (in mm); e0 = required minimum wall thickness for the reference steel (in mm); Rm1 = guaranteed minimum tensile strength of the metal to be used (in N/mm2) (see (c)); A1 = minimum elongation (as a percentage) of the metal to be used on fracture under tensile stress (see 6.5.5.1.5). However, in no case shall the wall thickness be less than 1.5 mm. (c) For purposes of the calculation described in (b), the guaranteed minimum tensile strength of the metal to be used (Rm1) shall be the minimum value according to national or international material standards. However, for austenitic steels, the specified value for Rm according to the material standards may be increased by up to 15% when a greater value is attested in the material inspection certificate. When no material standard exists for the material in question, the value of Rm shall be the minimum value attested in the material inspection certificate. 6.5.5.1.7 Pressure-relief requirements: IBCs for liquids shall be capable of releasing a sufficient amount of vapour in the event of fire engulfment to ensure that no rupture of the body will occur. This can be achieved by conventional pressure relief devices or by other constructional means. The start-to-discharge pressure shall not be higher than 65 kPa (0.65 bar) and no lower than the total gauge pressure experienced in the IBC (i.e. the vapour pressure of the filling substance plus the partial pressure of the air or other inert gases, minus 100 kPa (1 bar)) at 55 °C, determined on the basis of a maximum degree of filling as defined in 4.1.1.4. The required relief devices shall be fitted in the vapour space. 6.5.5.2 Specific requirements for flexible IBCs 6.5.5.2.1 These requirements apply to flexible IBCs of the following types: 13H1 woven plastics without coating or liner 2009/89. szám 13H2 woven plastics, coated 13H3 woven plastics with liner 13H4 woven plastics, coated and with liner 13H5 plastics film 13L1 textile without coating or liner 13L2 textile, coated 13L3 textile with liner 13L4 textile, coated and with liner 13M1 paper, multiwall 13M2 paper, multiwall, water resistant Flexible IBCs are intended for the carriage of solids only. 6.5.5.2.2 Bodies shall be manufactured from suitable materials. The strength of the material and the construction of the flexible IBC shall be appropriate to its capacity and its intended use. 6.5.5.2.3 All materials used in the construction of flexible IBCs of types 13M1 and 13M2 shall, after complete immersion in water for not less than 24 hours, retain at least 85% of the tensile strength as measured originally on the material conditioned to equilibrium at 67% relative humidity or less. 6.5.5.2.4 Seams shall be formed by stitching, heat sealing, gluing or any equivalent method. All stitched seam-ends shall be secured. 6.5.5.2.5 Flexible IBCs shall provide adequate resistance to ageing and to degradation caused by ultraviolet radiation or the climatic conditions, or by the substance contained, thereby rendering them appropriate to their intended use. 6.5.5.2.6 For flexible plastics IBCs where protection against ultraviolet radiation is required, it shall be provided by the addition of carbon black or other suitable pigments or inhibitors. These additives shall be compatible with the contents and remain effective throughout the life of the body. Where use is made of carbon black, pigments or inhibitors other than those used in the manufacture of the tested design type, re-testing may be waived if changes in the carbon black content, the pigment content or the inhibitor content do not adversely affect the physical properties of the material of construction. 6.5.5.2.7 Additives may be incorporated into the material of the body to improve the resistance to ageing or to serve other purposes, provided that these do not adversely affect the physical or chemical properties of the material. 6.5.5.2.8 No material recovered from used receptacles shall be used in the manufacture of IBC bodies. Production residues or scrap from the same manufacturing process may, however, be used. Component parts such as fittings and pallet bases may also be used provided such components have not in any way been damaged in previous use. 6.5.5.2.9 When filled, the ratio of height to width shall be not more than 2:1. 6.5.5.2.10 The liner shall be made of a suitable material. The strength of the material used and the construction of the liner shall be appropriate to the capacity of the IBC and the intended use. Joins and closures shall be siftproof and capable of withstanding pressures and impacts liable to occur under normal conditions of handling and carriage. 6.5.5.3 Specific requirements for rigid plastics IBCs 6.5.5.3.1 These requirements apply to rigid plastics IBCs for the carriage of solids or liquids. Rigid plastics IBCs are of the following types: 11H1 fitted with structural equipment designed to withstand the whole load when IBCs are stacked, for solids which are filled or discharged by gravity 11H2 freestanding, for solids which are filled or discharged by gravity 21H1 fitted with structural equipment designed to withstand the whole load when IBCs are stacked, for solids which are filled or discharged under pressure 21H2 freestanding, for solids which are filled or discharged under pressure 31H1 fitted with structural equipment designed to withstand the whole load when IBCs are stacked, for liquids 31H2 freestanding, for liquids. 6.5.5.3.2 The body shall be manufactured from suitable plastics material of known specifications and be of adequate strength in relation to its capacity and its intended use. The material shall be adequately resistant to ageing and to degradation caused by the substance contained or, where relevant, by ultraviolet radiation. Low 2009/89. szám temperature performance shall be taken into account when appropriate. Any permeation of the substance contained shall not constitute a danger under normal conditions of carriage. 6.5.5.3.3 Where protection against ultraviolet radiation is required, it shall be provided by the addition of carbon black or other suitable pigments or inhibitors. These additives shall be compatible with the contents and remain effective throughout the life of the body. Where use is made of carbon black, pigments or inhibitors other than those used in the manufacture of the tested design type, re-testing may be waived if changes in the carbon black content, the pigment content or the inhibitor content do not adversely affect the physical properties of the material of construction. 6.5.5.3.4 Additives may be incorporated in the material of the body to improve the resistance to ageing or to serve other purposes, provided that these do not adversely affect the physical or chemical properties of the material. 6.5.5.3.5 No used material other than production residues or regrind from the same manufacturing process may be used in the manufacture of rigid plastics IBCs. 6.5.5.4 Specific requirements for composite IBCs with plastics inner receptacles 6.5.5.4.1 These requirements apply to composite IBCs for the carriage of solids and liquids of the following types: 11HZ1 Composite IBCs with a rigid plastics inner receptacle, for solids filled or discharged by gravity 11HZ2 Composite IBCs with a flexible plastics inner receptacle, for solids filled or discharged by gravity 21HZ1 Composite IBCs with a rigid plastics inner receptacle, for solids filled or discharged under pressure 21HZ2 Composite IBCs with a flexible plastics inner receptacle, for solids filled or discharged under pressure 31HZ1 Composite IBCs with a rigid plastics inner receptacle, for liquids 31HZ2 Composite IBCs with a flexible plastics inner receptacle, for liquids. This code shall be completed by replacing the letter Z by a capital letter in accordance with 6.5.1.4.1 (b) to indicate the nature of the material used for the outer casing. 6.5.5.4.2 The inner receptacle is not intended to perform a containment function without its outer casing. A "rigid" inner receptacle is a receptacle which retains its general shape when empty without closures in place and without benefit of the outer casing. Any inner receptacle that is not "rigid" is considered to be "flexible". 6.5.5.4.3 The outer casing normally consists of rigid material formed so as to protect the inner receptacle from physical damage during handling and carriage but is not intended to perform the containment function. It includes the base pallet where appropriate. 6.5.5.4.4 A composite IBC with a fully enclosing outer casing shall be so designed that the integrity of the inner receptacle may be readily assessed following the leakproofness and hydraulic pressure tests. 6.5.5.4.5 IBCs of type 31HZ2 shall be limited to a capacity of not more than 1 250 litres. 6.5.5.4.6 The inner receptacle shall be manufactured from suitable plastics material of known specifications and be of adequate strength in relation to its capacity and its intended use. The material shall be adequately resistant to ageing and to degradation caused by the substance contained or, where relevant, by ultraviolet radiation. Low temperature performance shall be taken into account when appropriate. Any permeation of the substance contained shall not constitute a danger under normal conditions of carriage. 6.5.5.4.7 Where protection against ultraviolet radiation is required, it shall be provided by the addition of carbon black or other suitable pigments or inhibitors. These additives shall be compatible with the contents and remain effective throughout the life of the inner receptacle. Where use is made of carbon black, pigments or inhibitors, other than those used in the manufacture of the tested design type, retesting may be waived if changes in carbon black content, the pigment content or the inhibitor content do not adversely affect the physical properties of the material of construction. 6.5.5.4.8 Additives may be incorporated in the material of the inner receptacle to improve the resistance to ageing or to serve other purposes, provided that these do not adversely affect the physical or chemical properties of the material. 6.5.5.4.9 No used material other than production residues or regrind from the same manufacturing process may be used in the manufacture of inner receptacles. 6.5.5.4.10 The inner receptacle of IBCs type 31HZ2 shall consist of at least three plies of film. 6.5.5.4.11 The strength of the material and the construction of the outer casing shall be appropriate to the capacity of the composite IBC and its intended use. 6.5.5.4.12 The outer casing shall be free of any projection that might damage the inner receptacle. 2009/89. szám 6.5.5.4.13 Metal outer casings shall be constructed of a suitable metal of adequate thickness. 6.5.5.4.14 Outer casings of natural wood shall be of well seasoned wood, commercially dry and free from defects that would materially lessen the strength of any part of the casing. The tops and bottoms may be made of water resistant reconstituted wood such as hardboard, particle board or other suitable type. 6.5.5.4.15 Outer casings of plywood shall be made of well seasoned rotary cut, sliced or sawn veneer, commercially dry and free from defects that would materially lessen the strength of the casing. All adjacent plies shall be glued with water resistant adhesive. Other suitable materials may be used with plywood for the construction of casings. Casings shall be firmly nailed or secured to corner posts or ends or be assembled by equally suitable devices. 6.5.5.4.16 The walls of outer casings of reconstituted wood shall be made of water resistant reconstituted wood such as hardboard, particle board or other suitable type. Other parts of the casings may be made of other suitable material. 6.5.5.4.17 For fibreboard outer casings, strong and good quality solid or double-faced corrugated fibreboard (single or multiwall) shall be used appropriate to the capacity of the casing and to its intended use. The water resistance of the outer surface shall be such that the increase in mass, as determined in a test carried out over 30 minutes by the Cobb method of determining water absorption, is not greater than 155 g/m2 (see ISO 535:1991). It shall have proper bending qualities. Fibreboard shall be cut, creased without scoring, and slotted so as to permit assembly without cracking, surface breaks or undue bending. The fluting of corrugated fibreboard shall be firmly glued to the facings. 6.5.5.4.18 The ends of fibreboard outer casings may have a wooden frame or be entirely of wood. Reinforcements of wooden battens may be used. 6.5.5.4.19 Manufacturing joins in the fibreboard outer casing shall be taped, lapped and glued, or lapped and stitched with metal staples. Lapped joins shall have an appropriate overlap. Where closing is effected by gluing or taping, a water resistant adhesive shall be used. 6.5.5.4.20 Where the outer casing is of plastics material, the relevant requirements of 6.5.5.4.6 to 6.5.5.4.9 apply, on the understanding that, in this case, the requirements applicable to the inner receptacle are applicable to the outer casing of composite IBCs. 6.5.5.4.21 The outer casing of an IBC type 31HZ2 shall enclose the inner receptacle on all sides. 6.5.5.4.22 Any integral pallet base forming part of an IBC or any detachable pallet shall be suitable for mechanical handling with the IBC filled to its maximum permissible gross mass. 6.5.5.4.23 The pallet or integral base shall be designed so as to avoid any protrusion of the base of the IBC that might be liable to damage in handling. 6.5.5.4.24 The outer casing shall be secured to any detachable pallet to ensure stability in handling and carriage. Where a detachable pallet is used, its top surface shall be free from sharp protrusions that might damage the IBC. 6.5.5.4.25 Strengthening devices such as timber supports to increase stacking performance may be used but shall be external to the inner receptacle. 6.5.5.4.26 Where IBCs are intended for stacking, the bearing surface shall be such as to distribute the load in a safe manner. Such IBCs shall be designed so that the load is not supported by the inner receptacle. 6.5.5.5 Specific requirements for fibreboard IBCs 6.5.5.5.1 These requirements apply to fibreboard IBCs for the carriage of solids which are filled or discharged by gravity. Fibreboard IBCs are of the following type: 11G. 6.5.5.5.2 Fibreboard IBCs shall not incorporate top lifting devices. 6.5.5.5.3 The body shall be made of strong and good quality solid or double-faced corrugated fibreboard (single or multiwall), appropriate to the capacity of the IBC and to its intended use. The water resistance of the outer surface shall be such that the increase in mass, as determined in a test carried out over a period of 30 minutes by the Cobb method of determining water absorption, is not greater than 155 g/m2 (see I- SO 535:1991). It shall have proper bending qualities. Fibreboard shall be cut, creased without scoring, and slotted so as to permit assembly without cracking, surface breaks or undue bending. The fluting or corrugated fibreboard shall be firmly glued to the facings. 6.5.5.5.4 The walls, including top and bottom, shall have a minimum puncture resistance of 15 J measured according to ISO 3036:1975. 2009/89. szám 6.5.5.5.5 Manufacturing joins in the body of IBCs shall be made with an appropriate overlap and shall be taped, glued, stitched with metal staples or fastened by other means at least equally effective. Where joins are effected by gluing or taping, a water resistant adhesive shall be used. Metal staples shall pass completely through all pieces to be fastened and be formed or protected so that any inner liner cannot be abraded or punctured by them. 6.5.5.5.6 The liner shall be made of a suitable material. The strength of the material used and the construction of the liner shall be appropriate to the capacity of the IBC and the intended use. Joins and closures shall be siftproof and capable of withstanding pressures and impacts liable to occur under normal conditions of handling and carriage. 6.5.5.5.7 Any integral pallet base forming part of an IBC or any detachable pallet shall be suitable for mechanical handling with the IBC filled to its maximum permissible gross mass. 6.5.5.5.8 The pallet or integral base shall be designed so as to avoid any protrusion of the base of the IBC that might be liable to damage in handling. 6.5.5.5.9 The body shall be secured to any detachable pallet to ensure stability in handling and carriage. Where a detachable pallet is used, its top surface shall be free from sharp protrusions that might damage the IBC. 6.5.5.5.10 Strengthening devices such as timber supports to increase stacking performance may be used but shall be external to the liner. 6.5.5.5.11 Where IBCs are intended for stacking, the bearing surface shall be such as to distribute the load in a safe manner. 6.5.5.6 Specific requirements for wooden IBCs 6.5.5.6.1 These requirements apply to wooden IBCs for the carriage of solids which are filled or discharged by gravity. Wooden IBCs are of the following types: 11C Natural wood with inner liner 11D Plywood with inner liner 11F Reconstituted wood with inner liner. 6.5.5.6.2 Wooden IBCs shall not incorporate top lifting devices. 6.5.5.6.3 The strength of the materials used and the method of construction of the body shall be appropriate to the capacity and intended use of the IBC. 6.5.5.6.4 Natural wood shall be well seasoned, commercially dry and free from defects that would materially lessen the strength of any part of the IBC. Each part of the IBC shall consist of one piece or be equivalent thereto. Parts are considered equivalent to one piece when a suitable method of glued assembly is used (as for instance Lindermann joint, tongue and groove joint, ship lap or rabbet joint); or butt joint with at least two corrugated metal fasteners at each joint, or when other methods at least equally effective are used. 6.5.5.6.5 Bodies of plywood shall be at least 3-ply. They shall be made of well seasoned rotary cut, sliced or sawn veneer, commercially dry and free from defects that would materially lessen the strength of the body. All adjacent plies shall be glued with water resistant adhesive. Other suitable materials may be used with plywood for the construction of the body. 6.5.5.6.6 Bodies of reconstituted wood shall be made of water resistant reconstituted wood such as hardboard, particle board or other suitable type. 6.5.5.6.7 IBCs shall be firmly nailed or secured to corner posts or ends or be assembled by equally suitable devices. 6.5.5.6.8 The liner shall be made of a suitable material. The strength of the material used and the construction of the liner shall be appropriate to the capacity of the IBC and the intended use. Joins and closures shall be siftproof and capable of withstanding pressures and impacts liable to occur under normal conditions of handling and carriage. 6.5.5.6.9 Any integral pallet base forming part of an IBC or any detachable pallet shall be suitable for mechanical handling with the IBC filled to its maximum permissible gross mass. 6.5.5.6.10 The pallet or integral base shall be designed so as to avoid any protrusion of the base of the IBC that might be liable to damage in handling. 6.5.5.6.11 The body shall be secured to any detachable pallet to ensure stability in handling and carriage. Where a detachable pallet is used, its top surface shall be free from sharp protrusions that might damage the IBC. 6.5.5.6.12 Strengthening devices such as timber supports to increase stacking performance may be used but shall be external to the liner. 2009/89. szám 6.5.5.6.13 Where IBCs are intended for stacking, the bearing surface shall be such as to distribute the load in a safe manner. 6.5.6 Test requirements for IBCs 6.5.6.1 Performance and frequency of tests 6.5.6.1.1 Each IBC design type shall successfully pass the tests prescribed in this Chapter before being used and being approved by the competent authority allowing the allocation of the mark. An IBC design type is defined by the design, size, material and thickness, manner of construction and means of filling and discharging but may include various surface treatments. It also includes IBCs which differ from the design type only in their lesser external dimensions. 6.5.6.1.2 Tests shall be carried out on IBCs prepared for carriage. IBCs shall be filled as indicated in the relevant sections. The substances to be carried in the IBCs may be replaced by other substances except where this would invalidate the results of the tests. For solids, when another substance is used it shall have the same physical characteristics (mass, grain size, etc.) as the substance to be carried. It is permissible to use additives, such as bags of lead shot, to achieve the requisite total package mass, so long as they are placed so that the test results are not affected. 6.5.6.2 Design type tests 6.5.6.2.1 One IBC of each design type, size, wall thickness and manner of construction shall be submitted to the tests listed in the order shown in 6.5.6.3.7 and as set out in 6.5.6.5 to 6.5.6.13. These design type tests shall be carried out as required by the competent authority. 6.5.6.2.2 To prove sufficient chemical compatibility with the contained goods or standard liquids in accordance with 6.5.6.3.3 or 6.5.6.3.5 for rigid plastics IBCs of type 31H2 and for composite IBCs of types 31HH1 and 31HH2, a second IBC may be used when the IBCs are designed to be stacked. In such case both IBCs shall be subjected to a preliminary storage. 6.5.6.2.3 The competent authority may permit the selective testing of IBCs which differ only in minor respects from a tested type, e.g. with small reductions in external dimensions. 6.5.6.2.4 If detachable pallets are used in the tests, the test report issued in accordance with 6.5.6.14 shall include a technical description of the pallets used. 6.5.6.3 Preparation of IBCs for testing 6.5.6.3.1 Paper and fibreboard IBCs and composite IBCs with fibreboard outer casings shall be conditioned for at least 24 hours in an atmosphere having a controlled temperature and relative humidity (r.h.). There are three options, one of which shall be chosen. The preferred atmosphere is 23 °C r 2 °C and 50% r 2% r.h. The two other options are 20 °C r 2 °C and 65% r 2% r.h.; or 27 °C r 2 °C and 65% r 2% r.h. NOTE: Average values shall fall within these limits. Short-term fluctuations and measurement limitations may cause individual measurements to vary by up to r 5% relative humidity without significant impairment of test reproducibility. 6.5.6.3.2 Additional steps shall be taken to ascertain that the plastics material used in the manufacture of rigid plastics IBCs (types 31H1 and 31H2) and composite IBCs (types 31HZ1 and 31HZ2) complies respectively with the requirements in 6.5.5.3.2 to 6.5.5.3.4 and 6.5.5.4.6 to 6.5.5.4.9. 6.5.6.3.3 To prove there is sufficient chemical compatibility with the contained goods, the sample IBC shall be subjected to a preliminary storage for six months, during which the samples shall remain filled with the substances they are intended to contain or with substances which are known to have at least as severe a stress-cracking, weakening or molecular degradation influence on the plastics materials in question, and after which the samples shall be submitted to the applicable tests listed in the table in 6.5.6.3.7. 6.5.6.3.4 Where the satisfactory behaviour of the plastics material has been established by other means, the above compatibility test may be dispensed with. Such procedures shall be at least equivalent to the above compatibility test and recognized by the competent authority. 6.5.6.3.5 For polyethylene rigid plastics IBCs (types 31H1 and 31H2) in accordance with 6.5.5.3 and composite IBCs with polyethylene inner receptacle (types 31HZ1 and 31HZ2) in accordance with 6.5.5.4, chemical compatibility with filling liquids assimilated in accordance with 4.1.1.19 may be verified as follows with standard liquids (see 6.1.6). The standard liquids are representative for the processes of deterioration on polyethylene, as there are softening through swelling, cracking under stress, molecular degradation and combinations thereof. The sufficient chemical compatibility of the IBCs may be verified by storage of the required test samples for three weeks at 40 °C with the appropriate standard liquid(s); where this standard liquid is water, storage in accordance with this procedure is not required. Storage is not required either for test samples which are 2009/89. szám used for the stacking test in case of the standard liquids wetting solution and acetic acid. After this storage, the test samples shall undergo the tests prescribed in 6.5.6.4 to 6.5.6.9. The compatibility test for tert-Butyl hydroperoxide with more than 40% peroxide content and peroxyacetic acids of Class 5.2 shall not be carried out using standard liquids. For these substances, sufficient chemical compatibility of the test samples shall be verified during a storage period of six months at ambient temperature with the substances they are intended to carry. Results of the procedure in accordance with this paragraph from polyethylene IBCs can be approved for an equal design type, the internal surface of which is fluorinated. 6.5.6.3.6 For IBC design types, made of polyethylene, as specified in 6.5.6.3.5, which have passed the test in 6.5.6.3.5, the chemical compatibility with filling substances may also be verified by laboratory tests2 proving that the effect of such filling substances on the test specimens is less than that of the appropriate standard liquid(s) taking into account the relevant processes of deterioration. The same conditions as those set out in 4.1.1.19.2 shall apply with respect to relative density and vapour pressure. 6.5.6.3.7 Design type tests required and sequential order Type of IBC Vibration(f) Bottom lift Top lift(a) Stacking(b) Leakproofness Hydraulic pressure Drop Tear Topple Righting(c) Metal: 11A, 11B, 11N – 1st(a) 2nd 3rd – – 4th(e) – – – 21A, 21B, 21N – 1st(a) 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th(e) – – – 31A, 31B, 31N 1st 2nd(a) 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th(e) – – – Flexible(d) – – x(c) x – – x x x x Rigid plastics: 11H1, 11H2 – 1st(a) 2nd 3rd – – 4th – – – 21H1, 21H2 – 1st(a) 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th – – – 31H1, 31H2 1st 2nd(a) 3rd 4th(g) 5th 6th 7th – – – Composite: 11HZ1, 11HZ2 – 1st(a) 2nd 3rd – – 4th(e) – – – 21HZ1, 21HZ2 – 1st(a) 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th(e) – – – 31HZ1, 31HZ2 1st 2nd(a) 3rd 4th(g) 5th 6th 7th(e) – – – Fibreboard – 1st – 2nd – – 3rd – – – Wooden – 1st – 2nd – – 3rd – – – (a) When IBCs are designed for this method of handling. (b) When IBCs are designed to be stacked. (c) When IBCs are designed to be lifted from the top or the side. (d) Required test indicated by x; an IBC which has passed one test may be used for other tests, in any order. Laboratory tests for the proof of the chemical compatibility of polyethylene according to 6.5.6.3.5 proving that the effect of filling substances (substances, mixtures and preparations) is less than that of the standard liquids set out in 6.1.6 see guidelines in the non-legally binding part of RID published by the Secretariat of OTIF. 2009/89. szám (e) Another IBC of the same design may be used for the drop test. (f) Another IBC of the same design may be used for the vibration test. (g) The second IBC in accordance with 6.5.6.2.2 can be used out of the sequential order direct after the preliminary storage. 6.5.6.4 Bottom lift test 6.5.6.4.1 Applicability For all fibreboard and wooden IBCs, and for all types of IBC which are fitted with means of lifting from the base, as a design type test. 6.5.6.4.2 Preparation of the IBC for test The IBC shall be filled. A load shall be added and evenly distributed. The mass of the filled IBC and the load shall be 1.25 times the maximum permissible gross mass. 6.5.6.4.3 Method of testing The IBC shall be raised and lowered twice by a lift truck with the forks centrally positioned and spaced at three quarters of the dimension of the side of entry (unless the points of entry are fixed). The forks shall penetrate to three quarters of the direction of entry. The test shall be repeated from each possible direction of entry. 6.5.6.4.4 Criteria for passing the test No permanent deformation which renders the IBC, including the base pallet, if any, unsafe for carriage and no loss of contents. 6.5.6.5 Top lift test 6.5.6.5.1 Applicability For all types of IBC which are designed to be lifted from the top and for flexible IBCs designed to be lifted from the top or the side, as a design type test. 6.5.6.5.2 Preparation of the IBC for test Metal, rigid plastics and composite IBCs shall be filled. A load shall be added and evenly distributed. The mass of the filled IBC and the load shall be twice the maximum permissible gross mass. Flexible IBCs shall be filled with a representative material and then shall be loaded to six times their maximum permissible gross mass, the load being evenly distributed. 6.5.6.5.3 Methods of testing Metal and flexible IBCs shall be lifted in the manner for which they are designed until clear of the floor and maintained in that position for a period of five minutes. Rigid plastics and composite IBCs shall be lifted: (a) by each pair of diagonally opposite lifting devices, so that the hoisting forces are applied vertically, for a period of five minutes; and (b) by each pair of diagonally opposite lifting devices, so that the hoisting forces are applied toward the centre at 45º to the vertical, for a period of five minutes. 6.5.6.5.4 Other methods of top lift testing and preparation at least equally effective may be used for flexible IBCs. 6.5.6.5.5 Criteria for passing the test (a) Metal, rigid plastics and composite IBCs: the IBC remains safe for normal conditions of carriage, there is no observable permanent deformation of the IBC, including the base pallet, if any, and no loss of contents; (b) Flexible IBCs: no damage to the IBC or its lifting devices which renders the IBC unsafe for carriage or handling and no loss of contents. 6.5.6.6 Stacking test 6.5.6.6.1 Applicability For all types of IBC which are designed to be stacked on each other, as a design type test. 2009/89. szám 6.5.6.6.2 Preparation of the IBC for test The IBC shall be filled to its maximum permissible gross mass. If the specific gravity of the product being used for testing makes this impracticable, the IBC shall additionally be loaded so that it is tested at its maximum permissible gross mass the load being evenly distributed. 6.5.6.6.3 Method of testing (a) The IBC shall be placed on its base on level hard ground and subjected to a uniformly distributed superimposed test load (see 6.5.6.6.4). For rigid plastics IBCs of type 31H2 and composite IBCs of types 31HH1 and 31HH2, a stacking test shall be carried out with the original filling substance or a standard liquid (see 6.1.6) in accordance with 6.5.6.3.3 or 6.5.6.3.5 using the second IBC in accordance with 6.5.6.2.2 after the preliminary storage. IBCs shall be subjected to the test load for a period of at least: (i) 5 minutes, for metal IBCs; (ii) 28 days at 40 ºC, for rigid plastics IBCs of types 11H2, 21H2 and 31H2 and for composite IBCs with outer casings of plastics material which bear the stacking load (i.e., types 11HH1, 11HH2, 21HH1, 21HH2, 31HH1 and 31HH2); (iii) 24 hours, for all other types of IBCs; (b) The load shall be applied by one of the following methods: (i) one or more IBCs of the same type filled to the maximum permissible gross mass stacked on the test IBC; (ii) appropriate weights loaded on to either a flat plate or a reproduction of the base of the IBC, which is stacked on the test IBC. 6.5.6.6.4 Calculation of superimposed test load The load to be placed on the IBC shall be 1.8 times the combined maximum permissible gross mass of the number of similar IBCs that may be stacked on top of the IBC during carriage. 6.5.6.6.5 Criteria for passing the test (a) All types of IBCs other than flexible IBCs: no permanent deformation which renders the IBC including the base pallet, if any, unsafe for carriage and no loss of contents. (b) Flexible IBCs: no deterioration of the body which renders the IBC unsafe for carriage and no loss of contents. 6.5.6.7 Leakproofness test 6.5.6.7.1 Applicability For those types of IBC used for liquids or for solids filled or discharged under pressure, as a design type test and periodic test. 6.5.6.7.2 Preparation of the IBC for test The test shall be carried out before the fitting of any thermal insulation equipment. Vented closures shall either be replaced by similar non-vented closures or the vent shall be sealed. 6.5.6.7.3 Method of testing and pressure to be applied The test shall be carried out for a period of at least 10 minutes using air at a gauge pressure of not less than 20 kPa (0.2 bar). The air tightness of the IBC shall be determined by a suitable method such as by airpressure differential test or by immersing the IBC in water or, for metal IBCs, by coating the seams and joints with a soap solution. In the case of immersing a correction factor shall be applied for the hydrostatic pressure. 6.5.6.7.4 Criterion for passing the test No leakage of air. 6.5.6.8 Internal pressure (hydraulic) test 6.5.6.8.1 Applicability For those types of IBCs used for liquids or for solids filled or discharged under pressure, as a design type test. 6.5.6.8.2 Preparation of the IBC for test The test shall be carried out before the fitting of any thermal insulation equipment. 2009/89. szám Pressure-relief devices shall be removed and their apertures plugged, or shall be rendered inoperative. 6.5.6.8.3 Method of testing The test shall be carried out for a period of at least 10 minutes applying a hydraulic pressure not less than that indicated in 6.5.6.8.4. The IBCs shall not be mechanically restrained during the test. 6.5.6.8.4 Pressures to be applied 6.5.6.8.4.1 Metal IBCs: (a) For IBCs of types 21A, 21B and 21N, for packing group I solids, a 250 kPa (2.5 bar) gauge pressure; (b) For IBCs of types 21A, 21B, 21N, 31A, 31B and 31N, for packing groups II or III substances, a 200 kPa (2 bar) gauge pressure; (c) In addition, for IBCs of types 31A, 31B and 31N, a 65kPa (0.65 bar) gauge pressure. This test shall be performed before the 200 kPa (2 bar) test. 6.5.6.8.4.2 Rigid plastics and composite IBCs: (a) For IBCs of types 21H1, 2lH2, 21HZ1 and 21HZ2: 75 kPa (0.75 bar) (gauge); (b) For IBCs of types 31H1, 31H2, 31HZ1 and 31HZ2: whichever is the greater of two values, the first as determined by one of the following methods: (i) the total gauge pressure measured in the IBC (i.e. the vapour pressure of the filling substance and the partial pressure of the air or other inert gases, minus 100 kPa) at 55 °C multiplied by a safety factor of 1.5; this total gauge pressure shall be determined on the basis of a maximum degree of filling in accordance with 4.1.1.4 and a filling temperature of 15 °C; (ii) 1.75 times the vapour pressure at 50 °C of the substance to be carried minus 100 kPa, but with a minimum test pressure of 100 kPa; (iii) 1.5 times the vapour pressure at 55 °C of the substance to be carried minus 100 kPa, but with a minimum test pressure of 100 kPa; and the second as determined by the following method: (iv) twice the static pressure of the substance to be carried, with a minimum of twice the static pressure of water; 6.5.6.8.5 Criteria for passing the test(s): (a) For IBCs of types 21A, 21B, 21N, 31A, 31B and 31N, when subjected to the test pressure specified in 6.5.6.8.4.1 (a) or (b): no leakage; (b) For IBCs of types 31A, 31B and 31N, when subjected to the test pressure specified in 6.5.6.8.4.1 (c): no permanent deformation which renders the IBC unsafe for carriage and no leakage; (c) For rigid plastics and composite IBCs: no permanent deformation which would render the IBC unsafe for carriage and no leakage. 6.5.6.9 Drop test 6.5.6.9.1 Applicability For all types of IBCs, as a design type test. 6.5.6.9.2 Preparation of the IBC for test (a) Metal IBCs: the IBC shall be filled to not less than 95% of its maximum capacity for solids or 98% of its maximum capacity for liquids. Pressure-relief devices shall be removed and their apertures plugged, or shall be rendered inoperative; (b) Flexible IBCs: the IBC shall be filled to the maximum permissible gross mass, the contents being evenly distributed; (c) Rigid plastics and composite IBCs: the IBC shall be filled to not less than 95% of its maximum capacity for solids or 98% of its maximum capacity for liquids. Arrangements provided for pressure relief may be removed and plugged or rendered inoperative. Testing of IBCs shall be carried out when the temperature of the test sample and its contents has been reduced to minus 18 °C or lower. Where test samples of composite IBCs are prepared in this way the conditioning specified in 6.5.6.3.1 may be waived. Test liquids shall be kept in the liquid state, if necessary by the addition of anti-freeze. This conditioning may be disregarded if the materials in question are of sufficient ductility and tensile strength at low temperatures; (d) Fibreboard and wooden IBCs: The IBC shall be filled to not less than 95% of its maximum capacity. 6.5.6.9.3 Method of testing The IBC shall be dropped on its base onto a non-resilient, horizontal, flat, massive and rigid surface in conformity with the requirements of 6.1.5.3.4, in such a manner as to ensure that the point of impact is that part 2009/89. szám of the base of the IBC considered to be the most vulnerable. IBCs of 0.45 m3 or less capacity shall also be dropped: (a) Metal IBCs: on the most vulnerable part other than the part of the base tested in the first drop; (b) Flexible IBCs: on the most vulnerable side; (c) Rigid plastics, composite, fibreboard and wooden IBCs: flat on a side, flat on the top and on a corner. The same or different IBCs may be used for each drop. 6.5.6.9.4 Drop height For solids and liquids, if the test is performed with the solid or liquid to be carried or with another substance having essentially the same physical characteristics: Packing group I Packing group II Packing group III 1.8 m 1.2 m 0.8 m For liquids if the test is performed with water: (a) Where the substances to be carried have a relative density not exceeding 1.2: Packing group II Packing group III 1.2 m 0.8 m (b) Where the substances to be carried have a relative density exceeding 1.2, the drop heights shall be calculated on the basis of the relative density (d) of the substance to be carried rounded up to the first decimal as follows: Packing group II Packing group III d x 1.0 m d x 0.67 m 6.5.6.9.5 Criteria for passing the test(s): (a) Metal IBCs: no loss of contents; (b) Flexible IBCs: no loss of contents. A slight discharge, e.g. from closures or stitch holes, upon impact shall not be considered to be a failure of the IBC provided that no further leakage occurs after the IBC has been raised clear of the ground; (c) Rigid plastics, composite, fibreboard and wooden IBCs: no loss of contents. A slight discharge from a closure upon impact shall not be considered to be a failure of the IBC provided that no further leakage occurs; (d) All IBCs: no damage which renders the IBC unsafe to be carried for salvage or for disposal, and no loss of contents. In addition, the IBC shall be capable of being lifted by an appropriate means until clear of the floor for five minutes. 6.5.6.10 Tear test 6.5.6.10.1 Applicability For all types of flexible IBCs, as a design type test. 6.5.6.10.2 Preparation of the IBC for test The IBC shall be filled to not less than 95% of its capacity and to its maximum permissible gross mass, the contents being evenly distributed. 6.5.6.10.3 Method of testing Once the IBC is placed on the ground, a 100 mm knife score, completely penetrating the wall of a wide face, is made at a 45° angle to the principal axis of the IBC, halfway between the bottom surface and the top level of the contents. The IBC shall then be subjected to a uniformly distributed superimposed load equivalent to twice the maximum permissible gross mass. The load shall be applied for at least five minutes. An IBC which is designed to be lifted from the top or the side shall then, after removal of the superimposed load, be lifted clear of the floor and maintained in that position for a period of five minutes. 6.5.6.10.4 Criteria for passing the test The cut shall not propagate more than 25% of its original length. 2009/89. szám 6.5.6.11 Topple test 6.5.6.11.1 Applicability For all types of flexible IBC, as a design type test. 6.5.6.11.2 Preparation of the IBC for test The IBC shall be filled to not less than 95% of its capacity and to its maximum permissible gross mass, the contents being evenly distributed. 6.5.6.11.3 Method of testing The IBC shall be caused to topple on to any part of its top on to a rigid, non-resilient, smooth, flat and horizontal surface. 6.5.6.11.4 Topple height Packing group I Packing group II Packing group III 1.8 m 1.2 m 0.8 m 6.5.6.11.5 Criteria for passing the test No loss of contents. A slight discharge, e.g. from closures or stitch holes, upon impact shall not be considered to be a failure of the IBC provided that no further leakage occurs. 6.5.6.12 Righting test 6.5.6.12.1 Applicability For all flexible IBCs designed to be lifted from the top or side, as a design type test. 6.5.6.12.2 Preparation of the IBC for test The IBC shall be filled to not less than 95% of its capacity and to its maximum permissible gross mass, the contents being evenly distributed. 6.5.6.12.3 Method of testing The IBC, lying on its side, shall be lifted at a speed of at least 0.1 m/s to upright position, clear of the floor, by one lifting device or by two lifting devices when four are provided. 6.5.6.12.4 Criteria for passing the test No damage to the IBC or its lifting devices which renders the IBC unsafe for carriage or handling. 6.5.6.13 Vibration test 6.5.6.13.1 Applicability For all IBCs used for liquids, as a design type test. NOTE: This test applies to design types for IBCs manufactured after 31 December 2010 (see also 1.6.1.14). 6.5.6.13.2 Preparation of the IBC for test A sample IBC shall be selected at random and shall be fitted and closed as for carriage. The IBC shall be filled with water to not less than 98% of its maximum capacity. 6.5.6.13.3 Test method and duration 6.5.6.13.3.1 The IBC shall be placed in the center of the test machine platform with a vertical sinusoidal, double amplitude (peak-to peak displacement) of 25 mm ± 5%. If necessary, restraining devices shall be attached to the platform to prevent the specimen from moving horizontally off the platform without restricting vertical movement. 6.5.6.13.3.2 The test shall be conducted for one hour at a frequency that causes part of the base of the IBC to be momentarily raised from the vibrating platform for part of each cycle to such a degree that a metal shim can be completely inserted intermittently at, at least, one point between the base of the IBC and the test platform. The frequency may need to be adjusted after the initial set point to prevent the packaging from going into 2009/89. szám resonance. Nevertheless, the test frequency shall continue to allow placement of the metal shim under the IBC as described in this paragraph. The continuing ability to insert the metal shim is essential to passing the test. The metal shim used for this test shall be at least 1.6 mm thick, 50 mm wide, and be of sufficient length to be inserted between the IBC and the test platform a minimum of 100 mm to perform the test. 6.5.6.13.4 Criteria for passing the test No leakage or rupture shall be observed. In addition, no breakage or failure of structural components, such as broken welds or failed fastenings, shall be observed. 6.5.6.14 Test report 6.5.6.14.1 A test report containing at least the following particulars shall be drawn up and shall be made available to the users of the IBC:

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