Publication: Magyar Közlöny
Issue: MK-2007-133 (Year: 2007, Number: 133)
Era: 2004-2010
Section: 4. melléklet a 263/2007. (X. 5.) Korm. rendelethez
Paragraph Index: 2815

1. Ɉɛɳɢɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ 1.1. ɇɚɫɬɨɹɳɚɹ ɝɥɚɜɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢ ɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ (ɤɪɭɝɥɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ), ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɡɞɟɥɢɣ ɢɡ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ ɢ ɨɬɯɨɞɨɜ ɥɟɫɨɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɨɜ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ. ɇɚ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɟ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɚ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ. Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɯ ɧɟɨɤɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɚ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚɯ ɫ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɫɬɨɣɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦɢ ɫɬɟɧɤɚɦɢ (ɳɢɬɚɦɢ), ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɨɝɨɜɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚɯ ɫ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ ɤɭɡɨɜɚ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 2060 ɦɦ. ɋ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɡɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɚ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚɯ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɟɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɯ ɧɟɨɤɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 3,75 ɦ, ɤɪɨɦɟ ɤɪɹɠɟɣ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɥɟɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɜɨɥɨɜ ɢ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɨɛɥɟɞɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ. 1.2. Ʌɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɜ ɜɚɝɨɧɟ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɨ ɞɥɢɧɟ. Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɬɶ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɟ ɫ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɦɢ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦɢ ɞɜɟɪɹɦɢ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɨɛɟɢɯ ɟɝɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɦɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɦɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɟɞɭɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɝɥɚɜɨɣ. ȼɵɯɨɞ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɡɚ ɤɨɧɰɟɜɭɸ ɛɚɥɤɭ ɪɚɦɵ ɫ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ 400 ɦɦ. Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɚɹ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɜ ɨɞɢɧ ɜɚɝɨɧ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɜ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɹɯ ɜɚɝɨɧɚ. Ʌɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹɦɢ ɜɫɬɵɤ. ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɭɤɥɨɧɨɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɶ ɜɚɝɨɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹɦɢ ɩɨɧɢɡɭ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɡɚɡɨɪ. 1.3. ɒɬɚɛɟɥɶ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɢɡ ɧɟɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɟ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ. Ɋɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɚɹ ɜɵɲɟ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ («ɲɚɩɤɚ») ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɜɚɝɨɧɚ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɟ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟ, ɪɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɡɚ ɨɱɟɪɬɚɧɢɟ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ (ɫɭɠɟɧɧɨɣ) ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɚ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ. Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ «ɲɚɩɤɢ» ɫ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɵɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɫɭɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɚ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ. ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɭɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɝɨ ɝɚɛɚɪɢɬɚ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɦɟɧɟɟ 1,6 ɦ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɜɟɠɟɨɤɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɨɛɥɟɞɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ, ɤɪɹɠɟɣ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɥɟɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɫɬɜɨɥɨɜ, ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɧɟɜɵɫɨɯɲɢɦ ɩɨɤɪɵɬɢɟɦ (ɩɪɨɩɢɬɤɨɣ), ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɲɩɚɥ. ȼ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɟ ɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɧɟɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɜ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɭɸ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɸ. Ʉɪɭɝɥɵɟ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɞɫɨɪɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɵ ɩɨ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜ ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɢ ɜ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɯ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɥɢɫɶ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ, ɜ «ɲɚɩɤɟ» – ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɪɟɯ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ. ɋɦɟɠɧɵɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ: ɩɪɢ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɞɨ 140 ɦɦ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ – ɧɚ 10 ɦɦ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: 140; 130; 120; 110 ɦɦ), ɩɪɢ 2007/133/II. szám ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɫɜɵɲɟ 140 ɦɦ – ɧɚ 20 ɦɦ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: 140; 160; 180; 200 ɦɦ). Ɍɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɹɸɬ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɚɪɢɮɦɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɜ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɣ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨ ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɵɯ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɜ ɜ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɬɨɧɤɨɦ ɬɨɪɰɟ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬɚ (ɛɪɟɜɧɚ). Ɇɟɫɬɨ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɫɨɜɩɚɞɚɬɶ ɫ ɦɟɫɬɧɵɦ ɭɬɨɥɳɟɧɢɟɦ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɭɱɶɟɜ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ ɩɨɪɨɤɚɦɢ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ. Ⱦɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɞɨ 180 ɦɦ ɢɡɦɟɪɹɬɶ ɨɞɢɧ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪ. ȼ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ (ɛɪɟɜɧɨ) ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɛɠɚɬ ɫɨɫɟɞɧɢɦɢ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ. 1.4. ɒɢɪɢɧɚ ɩɪɹɦɨɭɝɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɢɡ ɧɟɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɨɣɤɚɦɢ, ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɩɨ ɲɢɪɢɧɟ ɜɩɥɨɬɧɭɸ ɞɪɭɝ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɭ. ȼ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɹɪɭɫɟ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɨɜ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ. ȿɫɥɢ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɬɨɣɤɚɦɢ ɧɟ ɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɲɢɪɢɧɟ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɡɚɡɨɪɵ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɦ ɢ ɫɬɨɣɤɚɦɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɬɚɤɢɦɢ ɠɟ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦɢ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ «ɧɚ ɪɟɛɪɨ». ɇɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟ ɭɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɬɶ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɜɧɚɯɥɟɫɬ. ɉɪɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚɯ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɢɡ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ ɹɪɭɫɨɜ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɹɪɭɫɨɜ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɞ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɢ, ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɦɢ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɶ ɩɨ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ, ɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɹɪɭɫɨɜ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɞ ɩɨɞɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɢ. ȼɫɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨ ɩɟɪɢɦɟɬɪɭ «ɲɚɩɤɢ», ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɞɥɢɧɭ, ɪɚɜɧɭɸ ɞɥɢɧɟ «ɲɚɩɤɢ». ɉɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɜ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɥɨɠɟɧɵ ɜɫɬɵɤ (ɛɟɡ ɡɚɡɨɪɚ ɩɨ ɞɥɢɧɟ). Ɍɨɪɰɵ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɪɨɜɧɟɧɵ. Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɶ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɢ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɢ ɨɛɪɟɲɟɬɤɨɣ. Ɉɛɪɟɲɟɬɤɭ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɨɬ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɤɪɨɦɤɢ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɟɧ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚ ɞɨ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɨɛɪɟɡɚ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɢɥɢ ɞɨ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɝɨ ɫɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ) ɫɬɨɟɤ ɢɡ ɞɨɫɨɤ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 25 ɦɦ (ɢɥɢ ɝɨɪɛɵɥɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 30 ɦɦ) ɢ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 3000 ɦɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɬ ɤ ɫɬɨɣɤɚɦ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɜɩɥɨɬɧɭɸ ɞɪɭɝ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɭ ɝɜɨɡɞɹɦɢ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 70 ɦɦ ɩɨ ɞɜɚ ɝɜɨɡɞɹ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ. 1.5. ɒɬɚɛɟɥɢ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɫɨɛɨ ɨɝɨɜɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɝɥɚɜɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ, ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɚɞɤɚɯ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɭɤɥɨɧɚ ɤɪɚɣɧɢɯ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɯ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ ɤ ɫɟɪɟɞɢɧɟ ɜɚɝɨɧɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɭɬɨɥɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɢɥɢ (ɢ) ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɵɯ ɬɨɪɰɨɜ ɤɪɚɣɧɢɯ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ. ɍɬɨɥɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɢ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɧɢɡɭ ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ. «ɒɚɩɤɭ» ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɧɚ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚɯ. ɉɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɝɨɪɢɡɨɧɬɚɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɟɪɬɢɤɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɩɨɞɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɢ, ɩɟɪɩɟɧɞɢɤɭɥɹɪɧɨ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɢ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚ, ɫɢɦɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɟɟ. ɉɨɞɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɢɡɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɢɡ ɞɨɫɨɤ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 50ɯ150 ɦɦ ɢɥɢ ɞɨɳɚɬɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɛɵɥɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 50 ɦɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 150 ɦɦ; ɭɬɨɥɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɚɞɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ – ɢɡ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 130ɯ200 ɦɦ; ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɢ – ɢɡ ɞɨɫɨɤ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ: ɞɥɹ ɤɪɭɝɥɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ – 75ɯ150 ɦɦ, ɞɥɹ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ – 50ɯ150 ɦɦ ɢɥɢ ɞɨɳɚɬɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɛɵɥɹ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 75 ɦɦ ɢ 50 ɦɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɣ ɩɥɚɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 150 ɦɦ. Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɩɨɞɤɥɚɞɨɤ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɪɚɜɧɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɲɢɪɢɧɟ ɜɚɝɨɧɚ. Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɨɤ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɲɢɪɢɧɵ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ. Ⱦɥɢɧɚ ɭɞɥɢɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɨɤ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶ ɲɢɪɢɧɭ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɧɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ 150 – 200 ɦɦ. 1.6. ɋɬɨɣɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɢɡɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɝɥɚɜɵ 1 ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɯ ɉɪɚɜɢɥ; ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚɯ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ, ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɢɡ ɛɟɪɟɡɵ. ɉɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɨɟɤ, ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɢɡ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɧɟ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ. 2007/133/II. szám ɋɬɨɣɤɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɤɪɚɣɧɢɯ ɫɬɨɟɤ, ɨɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɶ, ɞɨ ɟɝɨ ɬɨɪɰɨɜ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɨ:  ɞɥɹ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɞɨ 3,0 ɦ – ɨɬ 180 ɦɦ ɞɨ ¼ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ;  ɞɥɹ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ 3,0 ɦ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ – ɨɬ 250 ɦɦ ɞɨ ¼ ɞɥɢɧɵ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ. Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɶ ɢɡ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɩɚɪɚɦɢ ɫɬɨɟɤ. ȿɫɥɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ ɨɬ ɥɟɫɧɵɯ ɫɤɨɛ, ɢɯ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɬ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɜ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 1): – ɫɬɨɣɤɭ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɭɸ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɫɬɨɣɤɚɦɢ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɜ ɥɟɫɧɵɟ ɫɤɨɛɵ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɤ ɭɜɹɡɨɱɧɵɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚɦ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚ, ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɬ ɤ ɷɬɢɦ ɫɬɨɣɤɚɦ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɞɨɫɤɚɦɢ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ 25 – 30 ɦɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 120 ɦɦ. Ⱦɨɫɤɢ ɩɪɢɛɢɜɚɸɬ ɤ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɬɨɣɤɟ ɝɜɨɡɞɹɦɢ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ 100 – 150 ɦɦ ɩɨ ɞɜɚ ɝɜɨɡɞɹ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ; – ɩɚɪɭ ɫɬɨɟɤ, ɪɚɫɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɨɛɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɨɬ ɥɟɫɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɛɵ ɢɥɢ ɭɜɹɡɨɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚ, ɫɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɬ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɞɨɫɤɚɦɢ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ 25 – 30 ɦɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 120 ɦɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɢɛɢɜɚɸɬ ɤ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɬɨɣɤɟ ɝɜɨɡɞɹɦɢ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ 100 – 150 ɦɦ ɩɨ ɞɜɚ ɝɜɨɡɞɹ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɟ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɢɟ. ȼɟɪɯɧɸɸ ɞɨɫɤɭ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɹɸɬ ɤ ɥɟɫɧɨɣ ɫɤɨɛɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɦɭ ɭɜɹɡɨɱɧɨɦɭ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɭ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɨɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 5 ɦɦ ɜ ɞɜɟ ɧɢɬɢ. ȼ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚɯ ɫ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɦɢ ɞɜɟɪɹɦɢ ɤɪɚɣɧɢɟ ɩɚɪɵ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɤ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɬɨɪɰɚɦɢ ɫɬɜɨɪɨɤ ɞɜɟɪɟɣ ɢ ɝɪɚɧɹɦɢ ɭɝɥɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɤɭɡɨɜɚ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚ ɢ ɭɜɹɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɜ ɞɜɭɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɡɚ ɩɟɬɥɢ ɞɜɟɪɧɵɯ ɧɚɜɟɫɨɜ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɨɣ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 5 ɦɦ ɜ ɞɜɟ ɧɢɬɢ. Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ 1 – ɉɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɢ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɟ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɧɟɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ: 2007/133/II. szám ɚ) ɜ ɲɟɫɬɶ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ; ɛ) ɜ ɩɹɬɶ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɨɞɢɧ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɵɣ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɶ; ɜ) ɜ ɩɹɬɶ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɟɣ; ɝ) ɜ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɢ ɨɞɢɧ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɵɣ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɶ 1 – ɫɬɨɣɤɚ; 2 – ɞɨɫɤɚ; 3 – ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɱɧɚɹ ɭɜɹɡɤɚ; 4 – ɥɟɫɧɚɹ ɫɤɨɛɚ ɉɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɟ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɟ ɫɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɝɨɜɨɪɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ. ɋɪɟɞɧɟɟ ɫɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɧɚ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɚɯ: – ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɞɜɟ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ – ɦɟɠɞɭ ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ; – ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɲɬɚɛɟɥɹ ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɢ ɧɚ ɬɪɢ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɟɣ – ɦɟɠɞɭ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɣ (ɫɧɢɡɭ) ɱɚɫɬɹɦɢ. 1.7. ɋɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɫɬɹɠɤɚɦɢ ɢɡ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ 6 ɦɦ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 27 ɝɥɚɜɵ 1 ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɢɯ ɉɪɚɜɢɥ) ɢɥɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɨɬɧɵɦɢ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɡɜɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɬɹɠɤɚɦɢ. ɑɢɫɥɨ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ ɜ ɫɬɹɠɤɟ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɩɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰɟ 1. Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 1 ɑɢɫɥɨ ɧɢɬɟɣ ɜ ɫɬɹɠɤɟ ɋɬɹɠɤɚ ɧɚ ɩɥɚɬɮɨɪɦɟ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɟ ɋɪɟɞɧɹɹ 4/4 ɧɟ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ȼɟɪɯɧɹɹ 2/4 2/4 ɉɪɢɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ. ɑɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶ – ɩɪɢ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɛɟɡ «ɲɚɩɤɢ»; ɡɧɚɦɟɧɚɬɟɥɶ – ɩɪɢ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɟ ɫ «ɲɚɩɤɨɣ». Ɇɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɨɬɧɵɟ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɡɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɲɟɫɬɢɡɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɹɠɤɢ (Ɍɍ-32-ɐɆ-37-88) ɢɡɝɨɬɚɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɢɡ ɤɪɭɝɥɨɣ ɝɨɪɹɱɟɤɚɬɚɧɨɣ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ 10 ɦɦ. ɋɬɹɠɤɢ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 2) ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬ ɢɡ ɩɪɹɦɨɥɢɧɟɣɧɵɯ ɡɜɟɧɶɟɜ, ɫɨɟɞɢɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɤɨɥɶɰɚɦɢ, ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɰɚɯ ɡɜɟɧɶɟɜ. Ɂɚɦɵɤɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɥɟɰ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɫɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɬɟɪɠɧɹ ɡɜɟɧɚ ɜ ɨɞɢɧ ɩɨɥɧɵɣ ɨɛɨɪɨɬ ɢɥɢ ɫɜɚɪɤɨɣ. Ɋɢɫɭɧɨɤ 2 – Ɇɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɨɬɧɵɟ ɫɬɹɠɤɢ ɚ) ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɡɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɹɠɤɚ; ɛ) ɲɟɫɬɢɡɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɹɠɤɚ ɉɪɢ ɫɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɨɟɤ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɡɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɹɠɤɨɣ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 2ɚ) ɛɨɥɶɲɨɟ ɭɲɤɨ ɫɬɹɠɤɢ ɧɚɞɟɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɫɬɨɣɤɭ ɢ ɮɢɤɫɢɪɭɸɬ ɟɝɨ ɨɬ ɫɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɞɨɥɶ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɝɜɨɡɞɹɦɢ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ 70 – 80 ɦɦ, ɦɚɥɨɟ ɭɲɤɨ ɤɪɟɩɹɬ ɤ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɣɤɟ ɫɬɹɠɤɨɣ ɢɡ ɧɟɩɪɟɪɵɜɧɨɣ ɧɢɬɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ 5 ɦɦ ɜ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɧɢɬɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɫɤɪɭɱɢɜɚɸɬ ɞɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɬɹɠɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɡɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɹɠɤɢ. Ɇɧɨɝɨɨɛɨɪɨɬɧɵɟ ɲɟɫɬɢɡɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɹɠɤɢ (ɪɢɫɭɧɨɤ 2ɛ) ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬ ɞɥɹ ɭɜɹɡɤɢ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɜ «ɲɚɩɤɟ». 2007/133/II. szám 1.8. Ⱦɥɹ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɯ ɳɢɬɨɜ ɢ ɨɛɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ ɫɬɟɧ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɞɨɫɤɢ ɢ ɝɨɪɛɵɥɶ ɢɡ ɯɜɨɣɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨɫɤɢ ɢɡ ɛɟɪɟɡɵ ɢ ɨɫɢɧɵ. 1.9. ɉɟɪɟɜɨɡɤɚ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɫ ɨɛɥɟɞɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚɯ ɫ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦɢ ɫɬɟɧɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɡɚɤɪɵɬɵɦɢ ɬɨɪɰɟɜɵɦɢ ɞɜɟɪɹɦɢ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɵɫɨɬɚ ɩɨɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɜɵɫɨɬɵ ɛɨɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɬɟɧ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɱɟɦ ɧɚ 100 ɦɦ. 1.10. ɋɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɪɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɜɚɝɨɧɚɯ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɵɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɟɥɟɦ. 1.11. ȼ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɝɥɚɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ. Ȼɚɥɚɧɫɵ – ɤɪɭɝɥɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɥɨɬɵɟ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬɵ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɰɟɥɥɸɥɨɡɵ ɢ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɨɣ ɦɚɫɫɵ. Ȼɪɟɜɧɨ (Log): ɚ) ɱɚɫɬɶ ɫɬɜɨɥɚ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɵɦ ɞɟɥɟɧɢɟɦ, ɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɚɹ ɨɬ ɫɭɱɶɟɜ, ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦ ɬɨɪɰɟ ɫɜɵɲɟ 140 ɦɦ; ɛ) ɤɪɭɝɥɵɣ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɪɭɝɥɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ, ɡɚ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɨɧɤɨɦɟɪɧɨɣ ɪɭɞɧɢɱɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɣɤɢ, ɠɟɪɞɟɣ, ɤɨɥɶɟɜ, ɢɥɢ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɵɪɶɹ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɥɟɫɨɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ. Ȼɪɭɫ (Cant; Section bar): ɚ) ɛɪɟɜɧɨ, ɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɟɫɚɧɧɨɟ ɫ ɞɜɭɯ ɢɥɢ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ (ɧɚ ɱɟɬɵɪɟ ɤɚɧɬɚ) ɞɥɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɣ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɨɜɤɢ ɧɚ ɨɛɪɟɡɧɵɟ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ; ɛ) ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ 100 ɦɦ ɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ. Ȼɪɭɫ ɞɜɭɯɤɚɧɬɧɵɣ (Two-edge cant) – ɛɪɭɫ ɫ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɥɚɫɬɹɦɢ. Ȼɪɭɫ ɬɪɟɯɤɚɧɬɧɵɣ (Three-edge cant) – ɛɪɭɫ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɬɪɢ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ. Ȼɪɭɫ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯɤɚɧɬɧɵɣ (ɛɪɭɫ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɵɣ) (Square) – ɩɢɥɟɧɵɣ ɢɥɢ ɬɟɫɚɧɵɣ ɛɪɭɫ, ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɲɢɪɢɧɚ ɜɫɟɯ ɱɟɬɵɪɟɯ ɩɥɚɫɬɟɣ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɚɹ. Ȼɪɭɫɨɤ – ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɞɨ 100 ɦɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɧɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ. ȼɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɩɥɚɫɬɶ (Inside face) – ɩɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɚɹ ɤ ɫɟɪɞɰɟɜɢɧɟ ɛɪɟɜɧɚ. Ƚɨɪɛɵɥɶ (Slab) – ɛɨɤɨɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɛɪɟɜɧɚ, ɢɦɟɸɳɚɹ ɨɞɧɭ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɭɸ, ɚ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ ɧɟɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɢɥɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ, ɫ ɧɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɢ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɬɨɧɤɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɰɚ. Ƚɨɪɛɵɥɶ ɞɟɥɨɜɨɣ – ɝɨɪɛɵɥɶ, ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɧɵɣ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ. Ƚɨɪɛɵɥɶ ɞɨɳɚɬɵɣ – ɝɨɪɛɵɥɶ, ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɚ. Ⱦɨɫɤɚ (Plant; Planed wood) – ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɞɨ 100 ɦɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ. Ⱦɨɫɤɚ ɧɟɨɛɪɟɡɧɚɹ (Unedged boards) – ɞɨɫɤɚ ɫ ɧɟɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɪɨɦɤɚɦɢ. ɉɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɢ ɤɭɛɚɬɭɪɵ ɧɟɨɛɪɟɡɧɵɯ ɞɨɫɨɤ ɡɚɦɟɪ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɞɟɥɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɩɨ ɨɛɟɢɦ ɩɥɚɫɬɹɦ ɫ ɭɱɟɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɜɢɧɵ ɨɛɡɨɥɚ ɫ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɞɨɫɤɢ. ɀɟɪɞɶ – ɬɨɧɤɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɦɟɧɟɟ 6 ɫɦ ɯɜɨɣɧɵɯ ɢ 8 ɫɦ ɥɢɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ. Ʉɨɦɟɥɶ (Butt) – ɧɢɠɧɹɹ ɬɨɥɫɬɚɹ, ɩɪɢɥɟɝɚɸɳɚɹ ɤ ɤɨɪɧɸ (ɩɪɢɤɨɪɧɟɜɚɹ) ɱɚɫɬɶ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ. Ʉɪɨɦɤɚ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ – ɥɸɛɚɹ ɢɡ ɞɜɭɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɯ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɡɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɨɛɪɟɡɧɨɝɨ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɥɸɛɚɹ ɢɡ ɨɛɡɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɧɟɨɛɪɟɡɧɨɝɨ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ. Ʉɪɹɠ (Butt) – ɤɪɭɝɥɵɣ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɨɣ ɫɜɵɲɟ 160 ɦɦ, ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɥɢɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ, ɪɟɠɟ ɯɜɨɣɧɵɯ, ɞɥɹ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɜɢɞɨɜ ɥɟɫɨɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɢ (ɨɛɥɢɰɨɜɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɲɩɨɧɚ, ɮɚɧɟɪɵ, ɬɚɪɵ, ɥɵɠ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.). 2007/133/II. szám Ʌɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ (Timber) – ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɢɡ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ, ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɜɲɢɟ ɟɟ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɭɸ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ. Ʌɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɧɚ ɧɟɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ. Ʌɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ – ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɟ ɢɡ ɤɪɭɝɥɨɝɨ ɥɟɫɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ, ɫɨɯɪɚɧɢɜɲɢɟ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɭɸ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ. Ʉ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɵɦ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ: – ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ: ɛɪɭɫɶɹ, ɛɪɭɫɤɢ, ɲɩɚɥɵ, ɞɨɫɤɢ, ɪɟɡɨɧɚɧɫɨɜɵɟ ɞɨɫɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɦɭɡɵɤɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɜ; – ɤɨɥɨɬɵɟ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ: ɩɚɪɤɟɬɧɚɹ ɮɪɢɡɚ, ɤɥɟɩɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɛɨɱɟɤ; – ɞɟɪɟɜɹɧɧɵɣ ɲɩɨɧ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ. Ɉɛɚɩɨɥ (Mining slab; Crown edge) – ɩɢɥɨɩɪɨɞɭɤɰɢɹ, ɢɦɟɸɳɚɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɭɸ, ɚ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɭɸ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɢɥɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɩɢɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɩɥɚɫɬɶ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɚɹ ɞɥɹ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɨɤ. ɉɚɤɟɬ – ɦɟɫɬɨ ɝɪɭɡɚ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɢɡ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɫɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɚɤɟɬɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ. Truck package – ɩɚɤɟɬ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɢɡ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ (ɞɨɫɨɤ) ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɞɥɢɧ. Length packaged timber – ɩɚɤɟɬ, ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɢɡ ɞɨɫɨɤ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ. ɉɚɱɤɚ –ɦɟɫɬɨ ɝɪɭɡɚ, ɨɛɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɥɨɤɨɣ, ɬɪɨɫɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɞɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɢ (ɩɪɨɤɥɚɞɤɚɦɢ), ɢɡ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɥɢɧɵ. ɉɢɥɨɜɨɱɧɢɤ – ɛɪɟɜɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ. ɉɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ (Sawn timber; Sawn goods; Converted timber) – ɱɚɫɬɶ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɚɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɩɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɮɪɟɡɟɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɛɪɟɜɧɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɢɧɵ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɢ, ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ, ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ ɪɚɫɩɢɥɨɜɤɢ ɢ/ɢɥɢ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɦɚɲɢɧɧɨɣ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɦɨɣ ɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ. ɉɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ (Face) – ɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ (ɥɸɛɚɹ ɩɪɨɞɨɥɶɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ). ɉɥɚɫɬɶ ɧɚɪɭɠɧɚɹ (Outside face) – ɩɥɚɫɬɶ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɞɚɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɨɬ ɫɟɪɞɰɟɜɢɧɵ ɛɪɟɜɧɚ (ɨɛɟ ɩɥɚɫɬɢ ɫɟɪɞɰɟɜɢɧɧɨɣ ɞɨɫɤɢ). Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ (Nominal dimension; Nominal size) – ɪɚɡɦɟɪ ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ, ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɨɤɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɡɚɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɋɚɡɦɟɪɵ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɟ – ɞɜɚ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɚ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɛɥɢɡɨɫɬɢ ɞɪɭɝ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɭ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɦ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɧɨɦ ɪɹɞɭ. ɋɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬɵ ɥɟɫɧɵɟ (ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬɵ) (Timber assatiments) – ɜɢɞɵ ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ, ɝɪɭɩɩɢɪɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɜɨɝɨ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɬɢɩɨɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɨɛɪɚɛɨɬɤɢ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: ɛɚɥɚɧɫɵ, ɩɢɥɨɜɨɱɧɢɤ, ɫɜɚɢ, ɪɭɞɧɢɱɧɚɹ ɫɬɨɣɤɚ, ɲɩɚɥɵ, ɬɟɥɟɝɪɚɮɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɥɛɵ ɢ ɬ.ɞ. ɋɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɞɥɢɧɧɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ – ɤɪɭɝɥɵɣ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɛɨɥɟɟ 6,5 ɦ. ɋɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɤɨɪɨɬɤɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ – ɤɪɭɝɥɵɣ ɢɥɢ ɤɨɥɨɬɵɣ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɞɥɢɧɨɣ ɞɨ 3,0 ɦ. ɋɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɬɨɧɤɨɦɟɪɧɵɣ – ɤɪɭɝɥɵɣ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɭ ɜ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɦ ɨɬɪɟɡɟ ɛɟɡ ɤɨɪɵ ɨɬ 2 ɞɨ 13 ɫɦ ɜɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ. ɋɬɨɣɤɚ ɪɭɞɧɢɱɧɚɹ (ɩɪɨɩɫɵ) – ɤɪɭɝɥɵɣ ɫɨɪɬɢɦɟɧɬ ɞɥɹ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɜɵɪɚɛɨɬɨɤ. ɏɥɵɫɬ ɞɪɟɜɟɫɧɵɣ (Trunk) – ɨɱɢɳɟɧɧɵɣ ɨɬ ɫɭɱɶɟɜ ɫɬɜɨɥ ɩɨɜɚɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɪɟɜɚ ɛɟɡ ɩɪɢɤɨɪɧɟɜɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ (ɤɨɦɥɹ) ɢ ɜɟɪɲɢɧɵ. ɒɩɚɥɚ (Sleeper) – ɩɢɥɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ, ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɣ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɨɩɨɪ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɥɶɫɨɜ ɠɟɥɟɡɧɨɞɨɪɨɠɧɵɯ ɩɭɬɟɣ. ɒɩɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɵɪɟɡɤɚ – ɛɨɤɨɜɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɛɪɟɜɧɚ, ɨɫɬɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɢɡɝɨɬɨɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɡ ɧɟɝɨ ɲɩɚɥɵ. ɒɬɚɛɟɥɶ (Pile) – ɥɟɫɨɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɵ, ɭɥɨɠɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦɢ ɪɨɜɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɪɹɞɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɜɵɫɨɬɟ. 2007/133/II. szám

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