Publication: Magyar Közlöny
Issue: MK-2009-104 (Year: 2009, Number: 104)
Era: 2004-2010
Section: 
Paragraph Index: 1911

(1) discrete contiguous time slots as the fundamental shared resource; and (2) a set of operating protocols that allows users to interact with a master control station to mediate access to the channel. User group. A group of ground and/or aircraft stations which share voice and/or data connectivity. For voice communications, all members of a user group can access all communications. For data, communications include point-to-point connectivity for air-to-ground messages, and point-to-point and broadcast connectivity for ground-to-air messages. VDL management entity (VME). A VDL-specific entity that provides the quality of service requested by the ATN-defined SN_SME. A VME uses the LMEs (that it creates and destroys) to enquire the quality of service available from peer systems. VDL Mode 4 burst. A VHF digital link (VDL) Mode 4 burst is composed of a sequence of source address, burst ID, information, slot reservation and frame check sequence (FCS) fields, bracketed by opening and closing flag sequences. Note.— The start of a burst may occur only at quantized time intervals and this constraint allows the propagation delay between the transmission and reception to be derived. VDL Mode 4 DLS system. A VDL system that implements the VDL Mode 4 DLS and subnetwork protocols to carry ATN packets or other packets. VDL Mode 4 specific services (VSS) sublayer. The sublayer that resides above the MAC sublayer and provides VDL Mode 4 specific access protocols including reserved, random and fixed protocols. VDL station. An aircraft-based or ground-based physical entity, capable of VDL Mode 2, 3 or 4. Note.— In the context of this chapter, a VDL station is also referred to as a “station”. Vocoder. A low bit rate voice encoder/decoder. Voice unit. A device that provides a simplex audio and signalling interface between the user and VDL. VSS user. A user of the VDL Mode 4 specific services. The VSS user could be higher layers in the VDL Mode 4 SARPs or an external application using VDL Mode 4. 6.1.2 Radio channels and functional channels 6.1.2.1 Aircraft station radio frequency range. An aircraft station shall be capable of tuning to any of the channels in the range specified in Section 6.1.4.1 within 100 milliseconds after the receipt of an autotune command. In addition, for VDL Mode 3, an aircraft station shall be able to tune to any channel in the range specified in Section 6.1.4.1 within 100 milliseconds after the receipt of any tuning command. 6.1.2.2 Ground station radio frequency range. A ground station shall be capable of operating on its assigned channel within the radio frequency range detailed in 6.1.4.1. Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications Volume III 22/11/07 I-6-4 6.1.2.3 Common signalling channel. Frequency 136.975MHz shall be reserved as a worldwide common signalling channel (CSC) for VDL Mode 2. 6.1.3 System capabilities 6.1.3.1 Data transparency. The VDL system shall provide code-independent, byte-independent transfer of data. 6.1.3.2 Broadcast. The VDL system shall provide link layer data broadcast services (Mode 2) and/or voice and data broadcast services (Mode 3). For VDL Mode 3, the data broadcast service shall support network multicasting capability originating from the ground. 6.1.3.3 Connection management. The VDL system shall establish and maintain a reliable communications path between the aircraft and the ground system while allowing but not requiring manual intervention. Note.— In this context “reliable” is defined by the BER requirement specified in 6.3.5.1. 6.1.3.4 Ground network transition. A VDL-equipped aircraft shall transition from one ground station to another when circumstances dictate. 6.1.3.5 Voice capability. The VDL Mode 3 system shall support a transparent, simplex voice operation based on a “Listen-Before-Push-To-Talk” channel access. 6.1.4 Air-ground VHF digital link communications system characteristics 6.1.4.1 The radio frequencies used shall be selected from the radio frequencies in the band 117.975–137 MHz. The lowest assignable frequency shall be 118.000 MHz, and the highest assignable frequency shall be 136.975 MHz. The separation between assignable frequencies (channel spacing) shall be 25 kHz. Note.— Volume V specifies that the block of frequencies from 136.9 – 136.975 MHz inclusive is reserved for VHF air-ground digital communications. 6.1.4.2 The design polarization of emissions shall be vertical. 6.2 SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GROUND INSTALLATION 6.2.1 Ground station transmitting function 6.2.1.1 Frequency stability. The radio frequency of VDL ground station equipment operation shall not vary more than plus or minus 0.0002 per cent (2 parts per million) from the assigned frequency. Note.— The frequency stability for VDL ground stations using DSB-AM modulation is specified in Part II, Chapter 2 for 25 kHz channel spacing. 6.2.2 Power Recommendation.— The effective radiated power should be such as to provide a field strength of at least 75 microvolts per metre (minus 109 dBW/m2) within the defined operational coverage of the facility, on the basis of free-space propagation. Part I Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications I-6-5 22/11/07 6.2.3 Spurious emissions 6.2.3.1 Spurious emissions shall be kept at the lowest value which the state of the technique and the nature of the service permit. Note.— Appendix S3 to the Radio Regulations specifies the levels of spurious emissions to which transmitters must conform. 6.2.4 Adjacent channel emissions 6.2.4.1 The amount of power from a VDL ground transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the first adjacent channel shall not exceed 0 dBm. 6.2.4.1.1 After 1 January 2002, the amount of power from all new installations of a VDL ground transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the first adjacent channel shall not exceed 2 dBm. 6.2.4.2 The amount of power from a VDL ground transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the second adjacent channel shall be less than minus 25 dBm and from thereon it shall monotonically decrease at the minimum rate of 5 dB per octave to a maximum value of minus 52 dBm. 6.2.4.2.1 After 1 January 2002, the amount of power from all new installations of a VDL ground transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the second adjacent channel shall be less than minus 28 dBm. 6.2.4.2.2 After 1 January 2002, the amount of power from all new installations of a VDL ground transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the fourth adjacent channel shall be less than minus 38 dBm, and from thereon it shall monotonically decrease at the minimum rate of 5 dB per octave to a maximum value of minus 53 dBm. 6.2.4.3 The amount of power from a VDL ground transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over a 16 kHz channel bandwidth centred on the first adjacent channel shall not exceed minus 20 dBm. 6.2.4.3.1 After 1 January 2002, the amount of power from all new installations of a VDL ground transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over a 16 kHz channel bandwidth centred on the first adjacent channel shall not exceed minus 18 dBm. 6.2.4.4 After 1 January 2005, all VDL ground transmitters shall meet the provisions of 6.2.4.1.1, 6.2.4.2.1, 6.2.4.2.2 and 6.2.4.3.1, subject to the conditions of 6.2.4.5. 6.2.4.5 Requirements of mandatory compliance of the provisions of 6.2.4.4 shall be made on the basis of regional air navigation agreements which specify the airspace of operation and the implementation timescales. The agreements shall provide at least two years’ notice of mandatory compliance of ground systems. 6.3 SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS OF THE AIRCRAFT INSTALLATION 6.3.1 Frequency stability. The radio frequency of VDL aircraft equipment shall not vary more than plus or minus 0.0005 per cent (5 parts per million) from the assigned frequency. 6.3.2 Power. The effective radiated power shall be such as to provide a field strength of at least 20 microvolts per metre (minus 120 dBW/m2) on the basis of free-space propagation, at ranges and altitudes appropriate to the operational conditions pertaining to the areas over which the aircraft is operated. Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications Volume III 22/11/07 I-6-6 6.3.3 Spurious emissions 6.3.3.1 Spurious emissions shall be kept at the lowest value which the state of the technique and the nature of the service permit. Note.— Appendix S3 to the Radio Regulations specifies the levels of spurious emissions to which transmitters must conform. 6.3.4 Adjacent channel emissions 6.3.4.1 The amount of power from a VDL aircraft transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the first adjacent channel shall not exceed 0 dBm. 6.3.4.1.1 After 1 January 2002, the amount of power from all new installations of a VDL aircraft transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the first adjacent channel shall not exceed 2 dBm. 6.3.4.2 The amount of power from a VDL aircraft transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the second adjacent channel shall be less than minus 25 dBm and from thereon it shall monotonically decrease at the minimum rate of 5 dB per octave to a maximum value of minus 52 dBm. 6.3.4.2.1 After 1 January 2002, the amount of power from all new installations of a VDL aircraft transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the second adjacent channel shall be less than minus 28 dBm. 6.3.4.2.2 After 1 January 2002, the amount of power from all new installations of a VDL aircraft transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over the 25 kHz channel bandwidth of the fourth adjacent channel shall be less than minus 38 dBm, and from thereon it shall monotonically decrease at the minimum rate of 5 dB per octave to a maximum value of minus 53 dBm. 6.3.4.3 The amount of power from a VDL aircraft transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over a 16 kHz channel bandwidth centred on the first adjacent channel shall not exceed minus 20 dBm. 6.3.4.3.1 After 1 January 2002, the amount of power from all new installations of a VDL aircraft transmitter under all operating conditions when measured over a 16 kHz channel bandwidth centred on the first adjacent channel shall not exceed minus 18 dBm. 6.3.4.4 After 1 January 2005, all VDL aircraft transmitters shall meet the provisions of 6.3.4.1.1, 6.3.4.2.1, 6.3.4.2.2 and 6.3.4.3.1, subject to the conditions of 6.3.4.5. 6.3.4.5 Requirements of mandatory compliance of the provisions of 6.3.4.4 shall be made on the basis of regional air navigation agreements which specify the airspace of operation and the implementation timescales. The agreements shall provide at least two years’ notice of mandatory compliance of aircraft systems. 6.3.5 Receiving function 6.3.5.1 Specified error rate. The specified error rate for Mode 2 operation shall be the maximum corrected Bit Error Rate (BER) of 1 in 104. The specified error rate for Mode 3 operation shall be the maximum uncorrected BER of 1 in 103. The specified error rate for Mode 4 operation shall be the maximum uncorrected BER of 1 in 104. Note.— The above physical layer BER requirements are derived from the BER requirement imposed by ATN at the subnetwork interface. Part I Annex 10 — Aeronautical Communications I-6-7 22/11/07 6.3.5.2 Sensitivity. The receiving function shall satisfy the specified error rate with a desired signal strength of not more than 20 microvolts per metre (minus 120 dBW/m2). Note.— The required signal strength at the edge of the service volume takes into account the requirements of the system and signal losses within the system, and considers environmental noise sources. 6.3.5.3 Out-of-band immunity performance. The receiving function shall satisfy the specified error rate with a desired signal field strength of not more than 40 microvolts per metre (minus 114 dBW/m2) and with an undesired DSB-AM D8PSK or GFSK signal on the adjacent or any other assignable channel being at least 40 dB higher than the desired signal. 6.3.5.3.1 After 1 January 2002, the receiving function of all new installations of VDL shall satisfy the specified error rate with a desired signal field strength of not more than 40 microvolts per metre (minus 114 dBW/m2) and with an undesired VHF DSB-AM, D8PSK or GFSK signal at least 60 dB higher than the desired signal on any assignable channel 100 kHz or more away from the assigned channel of the desired signal. Note.— This level of interference immunity performance provides a receiver performance consistent with the influence of the VDL RF spectrum mask as specified in 6.3.4 with an effective isolation transmitter/receiver isolation of 69 dB. Better transmitter and receiver performance could result in less isolation required. Guidance material on the measurement technique is included in Annex 10, Volume V, Attachment A, section 7. 6.3.5.3.2 After 1 January 2005, the receiving function of all installations of VDL shall meet the provisions of 6.3.5.3.1, subject to the conditions of 6.3.5.3.3. 6.3.5.3.3 Requirements of mandatory compliance of the provisions of 6.3.5.3.2 shall be made on the basis of regional air navigation agreements which specify the airspace of operation and the implementation timescales. The agreement shall provide for at least two years’ notice of mandatory compliance of aircraft systems. 6.3.5.4 INTERFERENCE IMMUNITY PERFORMANCE 6.3.5.4.1 The receiving function shall satisfy the specified error rate with a desired field strength of not more than 40 microvolts per metre, and with one or more out-of-band signals, except for VHF FM broadcast signals, having a total level at the receiver input of minus 33 dBm. Note.— In areas where adjacent higher band signal interference exceeds this specification, a higher immunity requirement will apply. 6.3.5.4.2 The receiving function shall satisfy the specified error rate with a desired field strength of not more than 40 microvolts per metre, and with one or more VHF FM broadcast signals having a total level at the receiver input of minus 5 dBm. 6.4 PHYSICAL LAYER PROTOCOLS AND SERVICES The aircraft and ground stations shall access the physical medium operating in simplex mode. 6.4.1 Functions 6.4.1.1 The physical layer shall provide the following functions:

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