lasha-nlp/CONDAQA huggingface dataset:
Passage: The Verdun lesson learnt, the Allies' tactical aim became the achievement of air superiority and until September, German aircraft were swept from the skies over the Somme. The success of the Allied air offensive caused a reorganisation of the German air arm and both sides began using large formations of aircraft rather than relying on individual combat. After regrouping, the battle continued throughout July and August, with some success for the British despite the reinforcement of the German lines. By August, General Haig had concluded that a breakthrough was unlikely and instead, switched tactics to a series of small unit actions. The effect was to straighten out the front line, which was thought necessary in preparation for a massive artillery bombardment with a major push.

Question: Were General Haig's superiors likely disappointed by his reports to them in August?
Answer: YES

Question: Were the Germans likely confused by the movement of the troops under Haig's command in August?
Answer: NO

Question: In August, was General Haig likely excited about reporting to his superior officers?
Answer: NO
Passage: The Verdun lesson learnt, the Allies' tactical aim became the achievement of air superiority and until September, German aircraft were swept from the skies over the Somme. The success of the Allied air offensive caused a reorganisation of the German air arm and both sides began using large formations of aircraft rather than relying on individual combat. After regrouping, the battle continued throughout July and August, with some success for the British despite the reinforcement of the German lines. By August, General Haig had concluded that a breakthrough was doubtful and instead, switched tactics to a series of small unit actions. The effect was to straighten out the front line, which was thought necessary in preparation for a massive artillery bombardment with a major push.

Question: Were General Haig's superiors likely disappointed by his reports to them in August?
Answer: YES

Question: Were the Germans likely confused by the movement of the troops under Haig's command in August?
Answer: NO

Question: In August, was General Haig likely excited about reporting to his superior officers?
Answer: NO
Passage: The Verdun lesson learnt, the Allies' tactical aim became the achievement of air superiority and until September, German aircraft were swept from the skies over the Somme. The success of the Allied air offensive caused a reorganisation of the German air arm and both sides began using large formations of aircraft rather than relying on individual combat. After regrouping, the battle continued throughout July and August, with some success for the British despite the reinforcement of the German lines. By August, General Haig had concluded that a breakthrough was likely and switched tactics to an unlikely series of small unit actions. The effect was to straighten out the front line, which was thought necessary in preparation for a massive artillery bombardment with a major push.

Question: Were General Haig's superiors likely disappointed by his reports to them in August?
Answer: NO

Question: Were the Germans likely confused by the movement of the troops under Haig's command in August?
Answer: YES

Question: In August, was General Haig likely excited about reporting to his superior officers?
Answer: YES
Passage: The Verdun lesson learnt, the Allies' tactical aim became the achievement of air superiority and until September, German aircraft were swept from the skies over the Somme. The success of the Allied air offensive caused a reorganisation of the German air arm and both sides began using large formations of aircraft rather than relying on individual combat. After regrouping, the battle continued throughout July and August, with some success for the British despite the reinforcement of the German lines. By August, General Haig had concluded that a breakthrough was likely and switched tactics to a series of small unit actions. The effect was to straighten out the front line, which was thought necessary in preparation for a massive artillery bombardment with a major push.

Question: Were General Haig's superiors likely disappointed by his reports to them in August?
Answer: NO

Question: Were the Germans likely confused by the movement of the troops under Haig's command in August?
Answer: NO

Question: In August, was General Haig likely excited about reporting to his superior officers?
Answer: YES
Passage: The Greenway, a shared-use path, runs through Plastow. The route runs unbroken from Hackney Wick to Plaistow via the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, Stratford, and West Ham. Eastbound, the route runs towards Newham University Hospital, East Ham, Beckton, and Cycle Superhighway 3 towards Barking. The Greenway runs atop Joseph Bazalgette's Northern Outfall Sewer. It is a part of Transport for London (TfL)'s cycle network, numbered Cycleway 22.

Question: Would it be possible for a rider to take her own bicycle and ride The Greenway from Hackney Wick all the way to Plaistow without having to get off?
Answer: YES

Question: Would a bike sharing system be feasible for The Greenway, since riders would (at worst) only have to dock their bike and then pick up another once or twice during the journey (if at all)?
Answer: YES

Question: If a cyclist wanted to ride The Greenway all the way between Hackney Wick and Plaistow, would he be advised to choose a lightweight bicycle, since he would likely have to stop and carry it many times, and possibly even stow it on a bus at other times?
Answer: NO
Passage: The Greenway, a shared-use path, runs through Plastow. The route travels from Hackney Wick to Plaistow, passing through the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, Stratford, and West Ham, and it is an uninterrupted path throughout. Eastbound, the route runs towards Newham University Hospital, East Ham, Beckton, and Cycle Superhighway 3 towards Barking. The Greenway runs atop Joseph Bazalgette's Northern Outfall Sewer. It is a part of Transport for London (TfL)'s cycle network, numbered Cycleway 22.

Question: Would it be possible for a rider to take her own bicycle and ride The Greenway from Hackney Wick all the way to Plaistow without having to get off?
Answer: YES

Question: Would a bike sharing system be feasible for The Greenway, since riders would (at worst) only have to dock their bike and then pick up another once or twice during the journey (if at all)?
Answer: YES

Question: If a cyclist wanted to ride The Greenway all the way between Hackney Wick and Plaistow, would he be advised to choose a lightweight bicycle, since he would likely have to stop and carry it many times, and possibly even stow it on a bus at other times?
Answer: NO
Passage: The Greenway, a shared-use path, runs through Plastow. The route runs from Hackney Wick to Plaistow, and has unbroken sections between Hackney Wick and Stratford (passing through the scenic Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park), and between West Ham and Plaistow. Eastbound, the route runs towards Newham University Hospital, East Ham, Beckton, and Cycle Superhighway 3 towards Barking. The Greenway runs atop Joseph Bazalgette's Northern Outfall Sewer. It is a part of Transport for London (TfL)'s cycle network, numbered Cycleway 22.

Question: Would it be possible for a rider to take her own bicycle and ride The Greenway from Hackney Wick all the way to Plaistow without having to get off?
Answer: NO

Question: Would a bike sharing system be feasible for The Greenway, since riders would (at worst) only have to dock their bike and then pick up another once or twice during the journey (if at all)?
Answer: YES

Question: If a cyclist wanted to ride The Greenway all the way between Hackney Wick and Plaistow, would he be advised to choose a lightweight bicycle, since he would likely have to stop and carry it many times, and possibly even stow it on a bus at other times?
Answer: NO
Passage: The Greenway, a shared-use path, runs through Plastow. The route has many interruptions, but if one were to travel each section from start to finish, they would travel from Hackney Wick to Plaistow via the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, Stratford, and West Ham. Eastbound, the route runs towards Newham University Hospital, East Ham, Beckton, and Cycle Superhighway 3 towards Barking. The Greenway runs atop Joseph Bazalgette's Northern Outfall Sewer. It is a part of Transport for London (TfL)'s cycle network, numbered Cycleway 22.

Question: Would it be possible for a rider to take her own bicycle and ride The Greenway from Hackney Wick all the way to Plaistow without having to get off?
Answer: NO

Question: Would a bike sharing system be feasible for The Greenway, since riders would (at worst) only have to dock their bike and then pick up another once or twice during the journey (if at all)?
Answer: NO

Question: If a cyclist wanted to ride The Greenway all the way between Hackney Wick and Plaistow, would he be advised to choose a lightweight bicycle, since he would likely have to stop and carry it many times, and possibly even stow it on a bus at other times?
Answer: YES
Passage: Apollo played a pivotal role in the entire Trojan War. He sided with the Trojans, and sent a terrible plague to the Greek camp, which indirectly led to the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon. He killed the Greek heroes Patroclus, Achilles, and numerous Greek soldiers. He also helped many Trojan heroes, the most important one being Hector. After the end of the war, Apollo and Poseidon together cleaned the remains of the city and the camps.

Question: Did Apollo likely feel responsible for the dispute between Achilles and Agamemnon?
Answer: NO

Question: Was sending a plague to a Greek camp likely a plan that Apollo and his military strategists had devised?
Answer: YES

Question: Was causing a rift between Achilles and Agamemnon likely a major factor in Apollo's decision to side with the Trojans?
Answer: NO
Passage: Apollo played a pivotal role in the entire Trojan War. He sided with the Trojans, and sent a terrible plague to the Greek camp, which in a roundabout way led to the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon. He killed the Greek heroes Patroclus, Achilles, and numerous Greek soldiers. He also helped many Trojan heroes, the most important one being Hector. After the end of the war, Apollo and Poseidon together cleaned the remains of the city and the camps.

Question: Did Apollo likely feel responsible for the dispute between Achilles and Agamemnon?
Answer: NO

Question: Was sending a plague to a Greek camp likely a plan that Apollo and his military strategists had devised?
Answer: YES

Question: Was causing a rift between Achilles and Agamemnon likely a major factor in Apollo's decision to side with the Trojans?
Answer: NO
Passage: Apollo played a pivotal role in the entire Trojan War. He sided with the Trojans, and indirectly sent a terrible plague to the Greek camp, which led to the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon. He killed the Greek heroes Patroclus, Achilles, and numerous Greek soldiers. He also helped many Trojan heroes, the most important one being Hector. After the end of the war, Apollo and Poseidon together cleaned the remains of the city and the camps.

Question: Did Apollo likely feel responsible for the dispute between Achilles and Agamemnon?
Answer: DON'T KNOW

Question: Was sending a plague to a Greek camp likely a plan that Apollo and his military strategists had devised?
Answer: NO

Question: Was causing a rift between Achilles and Agamemnon likely a major factor in Apollo's decision to side with the Trojans?
Answer: DON'T KNOW
Passage: Apollo played a pivotal role in the entire Trojan War. He sided with the Trojans, and sent a terrible plague to the Greek camp, which directly led to the conflict between Achilles and Agamemnon. He killed the Greek heroes Patroclus, Achilles, and numerous Greek soldiers. He also helped many Trojan heroes, the most important one being Hector. After the end of the war, Apollo and Poseidon together cleaned the remains of the city and the camps.

Question: Did Apollo likely feel responsible for the dispute between Achilles and Agamemnon?
Answer: YES

Question: Was sending a plague to a Greek camp likely a plan that Apollo and his military strategists had devised?
Answer: YES

Question: Was causing a rift between Achilles and Agamemnon likely a major factor in Apollo's decision to side with the Trojans?
Answer: YES
Passage: The sociology of knowledge was pioneered primarily by the sociologist Émile Durkheim at the beginning of the 20th century. His work deals directly with how conceptual thought, language, and logic can be influenced by the societal milieu out of which they arise. In an early work co-written with Marcel Mauss, "Primitive Classification", Durkheim and Mauss study "primitive" group mythology in order to argue that classification systems are collectively based and that the divisions within these systems derive from social categories. Later, Durkheim in "The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life" would elaborate his theory of knowledge, examining how language and the concepts and categories (such as space and time) used in logical thought have a sociological origin. While neither Durkheim, nor Mauss, specifically coined nor used the term 'sociology of knowledge', their work is an important first contribution to the field.

Question: If you were to run a Google n-gram search for "sociology of knowledge" to find the earliest use of the phrase in a published book, would you expect that book to have been written by either Durkheim or Mauss?
Answer: NO

Question: If asked by colleagues or grad students in the field, would Durkheim and/or Mauss seem like they would dismiss the term "sociology of knowledge" as an invention for laypersons, and continue their discussion without it?
Answer: YES

Question: If you found a scrap of an old diary in which a well known sociologist complains about Mauss repeatedly using the term "sociology of knowledge" around campus, would you have to conclude, from this passage, that the diary author was talking about someone else with that same name?
Answer: YES
Passage: The sociology of knowledge was pioneered primarily by the sociologist Émile Durkheim at the beginning of the 20th century. His work deals directly with how conceptual thought, language, and logic can be influenced by the societal milieu out of which they arise. In an early work co-written with Marcel Mauss, "Primitive Classification", Durkheim and Mauss study "primitive" group mythology in order to argue that classification systems are collectively based and that the divisions within these systems derive from social categories. Later, Durkheim in "The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life" would elaborate his theory of knowledge, examining how language and the concepts and categories (such as space and time) used in logical thought have a sociological origin. Both Durkheim and Mauss made significant first contributions to the field with their work, but they did not come up with the term "sociology of knowledge" nor did they use it in their own writings.

Question: If you were to run a Google n-gram search for "sociology of knowledge" to find the earliest use of the phrase in a published book, would you expect that book to have been written by either Durkheim or Mauss?
Answer: NO

Question: If asked by colleagues or grad students in the field, would Durkheim and/or Mauss seem like they would dismiss the term "sociology of knowledge" as an invention for laypersons, and continue their discussion without it?
Answer: YES

Question: If you found a scrap of an old diary in which a well known sociologist complains about Mauss repeatedly using the term "sociology of knowledge" around campus, would you have to conclude, from this passage, that the diary author was talking about someone else with that same name?
Answer: YES
Passage: The sociology of knowledge was pioneered primarily by the sociologist Émile Durkheim at the beginning of the 20th century. His work deals directly with how conceptual thought, language, and logic can be influenced by the societal milieu out of which they arise. In an early work co-written with Marcel Mauss, "Primitive Classification", Durkheim and Mauss study "primitive" group mythology in order to argue that classification systems are collectively based and that the divisions within these systems derive from social categories. Later, Durkheim in "The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life" would elaborate his theory of knowledge, examining how language and the concepts and categories (such as space and time) used in logical thought have a sociological origin. While neither Durkheim, nor Mauss, definitively coined the term 'sociology of knowledge', their work was both an important first contribution to the field, and the earliest known written publication of the term.

Question: If you were to run a Google n-gram search for "sociology of knowledge" to find the earliest use of the phrase in a published book, would you expect that book to have been written by either Durkheim or Mauss?
Answer: YES

Question: If asked by colleagues or grad students in the field, would Durkheim and/or Mauss seem like they would dismiss the term "sociology of knowledge" as an invention for laypersons, and continue their discussion without it?
Answer: NO

Question: If you found a scrap of an old diary in which a well known sociologist complains about Mauss repeatedly using the term "sociology of knowledge" around campus, would you have to conclude, from this passage, that the diary author was talking about someone else with that same name?
Answer: NO
Passage: The sociology of knowledge was pioneered primarily by the sociologist Émile Durkheim at the beginning of the 20th century. His work deals directly with how conceptual thought, language, and logic can be influenced by the societal milieu out of which they arise. In an early work co-written with Marcel Mauss, "Primitive Classification", Durkheim and Mauss study "primitive" group mythology in order to argue that classification systems are collectively based and that the divisions within these systems derive from social categories. Later, Durkheim in "The Elementary Forms of the Religious Life" would elaborate his theory of knowledge, examining how language and the concepts and categories (such as space and time) used in logical thought have a sociological origin. While neither Durkheim, nor Mauss, used the colloquial phrase "sociology of knowledge" in their written publications, which were an important first contribution to the field, they were enthusiastic users of the term in less formal settings with colleagues.

Question: If you were to run a Google n-gram search for "sociology of knowledge" to find the earliest use of the phrase in a published book, would you expect that book to have been written by either Durkheim or Mauss?
Answer: NO

Question: If asked by colleagues or grad students in the field, would Durkheim and/or Mauss seem like they would dismiss the term "sociology of knowledge" as an invention for laypersons, and continue their discussion without it?
Answer: NO

Question: If you found a scrap of an old diary in which a well known sociologist complains about Mauss repeatedly using the term "sociology of knowledge" around campus, would you have to conclude, from this passage, that the diary author was talking about someone else with that same name?
Answer: NO
Passage: The reproductive stage of the insect is the winged adult or imago. The surface of both butterflies and moths is covered by scales, each of which is an outgrowth from a single epidermal cell. The head is small and dominated by the two large compound eyes. These are capable of distinguishing flower shapes or motion but cannot view distant objects clearly. Colour perception is good, especially in some species in the blue/violet range. The antennae are composed of many segments and have clubbed tips (unlike moths that have tapering or feathery antennae). The sensory receptors are concentrated in the tips and can detect odours. Taste receptors are located on the palps and on the feet. The mouthparts are adapted to sucking and the mandibles are usually reduced in size or absent. The first maxillae are elongated into a tubular proboscis which is curled up at rest and expanded when needed to feed. The first and second maxillae bear palps which function as sensory organs. Some species have a reduced proboscis or maxillary palps and do not feed as adults.

Question: Most schoolchildren, and most fellow readers of a passage like this, would only be able to distinguish large moths from small butterflies based on how colorful they are.  Does this passage, though, suggest that with a high-resolution, black-and-white photograph, you could readily tell a moth from an butterfly?
Answer: YES

Question: From this passage, could you conclude that mutli-segmented, clubbed antennae are an adaptation that is strictly useful in nocturnal insects such as moths?
Answer: NO

Question: If a rainforest ecologist were to find a new species of brilliantly colored butterfly, and through various other methods was able to know with complete certainty that it was indeed a butterfly and not a moth, would the presence of feathery antennae be a game-changing discovery, perhaps representing some unforeseen evolutionary adaptation?
Answer: YES
Passage: The reproductive stage of the insect is the winged adult or imago. The surface of both butterflies and moths is covered by scales, each of which is an outgrowth from a single epidermal cell. The head is small and dominated by the two large compound eyes. These are capable of distinguishing flower shapes or motion but cannot view distant objects clearly. Colour perception is good, especially in some species in the blue/violet range. While moths have antennae that taper or display a feathery structure, butterfly antennae have multiple segments and clubbed ends. The sensory receptors are concentrated in the tips and can detect odours. Taste receptors are located on the palps and on the feet. The mouthparts are adapted to sucking and the mandibles are usually reduced in size or absent. The first maxillae are elongated into a tubular proboscis which is curled up at rest and expanded when needed to feed. The first and second maxillae bear palps which function as sensory organs. Some species have a reduced proboscis or maxillary palps and do not feed as adults.

Question: Most schoolchildren, and most fellow readers of a passage like this, would only be able to distinguish large moths from small butterflies based on how colorful they are.  Does this passage, though, suggest that with a high-resolution, black-and-white photograph, you could readily tell a moth from an butterfly?
Answer: YES

Question: From this passage, could you conclude that mutli-segmented, clubbed antennae are an adaptation that is strictly useful in nocturnal insects such as moths?
Answer: NO

Question: If a rainforest ecologist were to find a new species of brilliantly colored butterfly, and through various other methods was able to know with complete certainty that it was indeed a butterfly and not a moth, would the presence of feathery antennae be a game-changing discovery, perhaps representing some unforeseen evolutionary adaptation?
Answer: YES