lasha-nlp/CONDAQA huggingface dataset:
Passage: By early 1940, Italy was still a non-belligerent, and Mussolini communicated to Hitler that Italy was not prepared to intervene soon. By March 1940, Mussolini decided that Italy would intervene, but the date was not yet chosen. His senior military leadership unanimously opposed the action because Italy was unprepared. No raw materials had been stockpiled and the reserves it did have would soon be exhausted, Italy's industrial base was only one-tenth of Germany's, and even with supplies the Italian military was not organized to provide the equipment needed to fight a modern war of a long duration. An ambitious rearmament program was out of the question because of Italy's limited reserves in gold and foreign currencies and lack of raw materials. Mussolini ignored the negative advice.

Question: Would Italy have a hard time providing firearms to their troops?
Answer: YES

Question: Would Italy likely have enough fighter planes to fight the enemy once it entered the war?
Answer: NO
Passage: By early 1940, Italy was still a non-belligerent, and Mussolini communicated to Hitler that Italy was not prepared to intervene soon. By March 1940, Mussolini decided that Italy would intervene, but the date was not yet chosen. His senior military leadership unanimously opposed the action because Italy was unprepared. No raw materials had been stockpiled and the reserves it did have would soon be exhausted, Italy's industrial base was only one-tenth of Germany's, and even with supplies the Italian military was not organized to provide the equipment needed to fight a modern war of a long duration. Even a limited rearmament program was impossible because of Italy's non-existent reserves in gold and foreign currencies and lack of raw materials. Mussolini ignored the negative advice.

Question: Would Italy have a hard time providing firearms to their troops?
Answer: YES

Question: Would Italy likely have enough fighter planes to fight the enemy once it entered the war?
Answer: NO

Question: Would Italy likely have any guns at all to give their troops once they entered the war?
Answer: NO
Passage: By early 1940, Italy was still a non-belligerent, and Mussolini communicated to Hitler that Italy was not prepared to intervene soon. By March 1940, Mussolini decided that Italy would intervene, but the date was not yet chosen. His senior military leadership unanimously supported the action because Italy was prepared. Raw materials had been stockpiled and the reserves it did have would not soon be exhausted, Italy's industrial base was only one-tenth of Germany's, but the Italian military was well organized to provide the equipment needed to fight a modern war of a long duration. An ambitious rearmament program was possible because of Italy's near-unlimited reserves in gold and foreign currencies and raw materials. Mussolini followed their advice.

Question: Would Italy have a hard time providing firearms to their troops?
Answer: NO

Question: Would Italy likely have enough fighter planes to fight the enemy once it entered the war?
Answer: YES

Question: Would Italy likely have any guns at all to give their troops once they entered the war?
Answer: YES
Passage: In 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the import of Thai fish sauces due to lack of information about tests for botulinum toxin. The toxin can cause death if more than 0.5 microgram is consumed. The Thai Office of Food Safety and Quality then tested 48 brands of fish sauce to determine the content of botulinum toxin in the products. Of 48 brands tested, 28 were genuine fish sauce from 18 production sites in 12 provinces. Twenty samples from production sites in eight provinces were adulterated fish sauce. Tests showed that none were contaminated with botulinum toxin types A, B, E and F and were free of clostridium botulinum bacteria. In 2018, rumours again surfaced concerning banned Thai fish sauce.

Question: Would most people agree that botulinum was not an issue for the fish sauces?
Answer: YES

Question: If one of the fish sauces were chosen at random, is it more likely to have tested positive for botulinum toxin type E than botulinum toxin type A?
Answer: NO

Question: If one of the fish sauces were chosen at random, could one know for sure whether or not it tested positive for botulinum toxin type E?
Answer: YES
Passage: In 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the import of Thai fish sauces due to lack of information about tests for botulinum toxin. The toxin can cause death if more than 0.5 microgram is consumed. The Thai Office of Food Safety and Quality then tested 48 brands of fish sauce to determine the content of botulinum toxin in the products. Of 48 brands tested, 28 were genuine fish sauce from 18 production sites in 12 provinces. Twenty samples from production sites in eight provinces were adulterated fish sauce. Tests showed that all were safe from botulinum toxin types A, B, E and F and were free of clostridium botulinum bacteria. In 2018, rumours again surfaced concerning banned Thai fish sauce.

Question: Would most people agree that botulinum was not an issue for the fish sauces?
Answer: YES

Question: If one of the fish sauces were chosen at random, is it more likely to have tested positive for botulinum toxin type E than botulinum toxin type A?
Answer: NO

Question: If one of the fish sauces were chosen at random, could one know for sure whether or not it tested positive for botulinum toxin type E?
Answer: YES
Passage: In 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the import of Thai fish sauces due to lack of information about tests for botulinum toxin. The toxin can cause death if more than 0.5 microgram is consumed. The Thai Office of Food Safety and Quality then tested 48 brands of fish sauce to determine the content of botulinum toxin in the products. Of 48 brands tested, 28 were genuine fish sauce from 18 production sites in 12 provinces. Twenty samples from production sites in eight provinces were adulterated fish sauce. Tests showed that none were contaminated with botulinum toxin types A and B (although some contained E and F) and were free of clostridium botulinum bacteria. In 2018, rumours again surfaced concerning banned Thai fish sauce.

Question: Would most people agree that botulinum was not an issue for the fish sauces?
Answer: NO

Question: If one of the fish sauces were chosen at random, is it more likely to have tested positive for botulinum toxin type E than botulinum toxin type A?
Answer: YES

Question: If one of the fish sauces were chosen at random, could one know for sure whether or not it tested positive for botulinum toxin type E?
Answer: NO
Passage: In 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) banned the import of Thai fish sauces due to lack of information about tests for botulinum toxin. The toxin can cause death if more than 0.5 microgram is consumed. The Thai Office of Food Safety and Quality then tested 48 brands of fish sauce to determine the content of botulinum toxin in the products. Of 48 brands tested, 28 were genuine fish sauce from 18 production sites in 12 provinces. Twenty samples from production sites in eight provinces were adulterated fish sauce. Tests showed that all were contaminated with botulinum toxin types A, B, E and F and there were not any free of clostridium botulinum bacteria. In 2018, rumours again surfaced concerning banned Thai fish sauce.

Question: Would most people agree that botulinum was not an issue for the fish sauces?
Answer: NO

Question: If one of the fish sauces were chosen at random, is it more likely to have tested positive for botulinum toxin type E than botulinum toxin type A?
Answer: NO

Question: If one of the fish sauces were chosen at random, could one know for sure whether or not it tested positive for botulinum toxin type E?
Answer: YES
Passage: Note that if two drives are configured as "Device 0" and "Device 1" manually, this configuration does not need to correspond to their position on the cable. Pin 28 is only used to let the drives know their position on the cable; it is not used by the host when communicating with the drives.

Question: Does Pin 28 enable the host to communicate with the drives?
Answer: NO

Question: Can Pin 28 be used to let the drives know where they are located on the cable?
Answer: YES

Question: Is Pin 28's sole purpose to enable the host to communicate with the drives?
Answer: NO
Passage: Note that if two drives are configured as "Device 0" and "Device 1" manually, this configuration does not need to correspond to their position on the cable. Pin 28 is only used to let the drives know their position on the cable; it is skipped over by the host when communicating with the drives.

Question: Does Pin 28 enable the host to communicate with the drives?
Answer: NO

Question: Can Pin 28 be used to let the drives know where they are located on the cable?
Answer: YES

Question: Is Pin 28's sole purpose to enable the host to communicate with the drives?
Answer: NO
Passage: Note that if two drives are configured as "Device 0" and "Device 1" manually, this configuration does not need to correspond to their position on the cable. Pin 28 is not used to let the drives know their position on the cable; it is used by the host exclusively when communicating with the drives.

Question: Does Pin 28 enable the host to communicate with the drives?
Answer: YES

Question: Can Pin 28 be used to let the drives know where they are located on the cable?
Answer: NO

Question: Is Pin 28's sole purpose to enable the host to communicate with the drives?
Answer: YES
Passage: Note that if two drives are configured as "Device 0" and "Device 1" manually, this configuration does not need to correspond to their position on the cable. Pin 28 is used to let the drives know their position on the cable; it is also used by the host when communicating with the drives.

Question: Does Pin 28 enable the host to communicate with the drives?
Answer: YES

Question: Can Pin 28 be used to let the drives know where they are located on the cable?
Answer: YES

Question: Is Pin 28's sole purpose to enable the host to communicate with the drives?
Answer: NO
Passage: As the barbarians were interested in the wealth of the mainland, part of the Venetian population sought refuge on some of the isolated and unoccupied islands in the lagoon, from which the city of "Venetiae" or Venice was born. After a period of Byzantine domination in 8th century, Venice became an independent maritime Republic ruled by its elected doge.

Question: If the barbarian raids had never caused such a shift in population, is it possible that the natural growth of existing settlements could have caused a city to sprout up on one of the islands' lagoons?
Answer: NO

Question: Is it possible that the barbarians' reputation was passed on to mainlanders from island residents in this same lagoon, possibly inspiring the exodus from the mainland?
Answer: NO
Passage: As some of the Venetian population fled from the mainland to escape the barbarians, who were interested in the mainland's wealth, a portion took refuse on the separated and uninhabited islands of the lagoon, and the city of "Venetiae" (Venice) was born here. After a period of Byzantine domination in 8th century, Venice became an independent maritime Republic ruled by its elected doge.

Question: If the barbarian raids had never caused such a shift in population, is it possible that the natural growth of existing settlements could have caused a city to sprout up on one of the islands' lagoons?
Answer: NO

Question: Is it possible that the barbarians' reputation was passed on to mainlanders from island residents in this same lagoon, possibly inspiring the exodus from the mainland?
Answer: NO
Passage: As the barbarians were interested in the wealth of the mainland, part of the Venetian population sought refuge on some of the isolated islands in the lagoon, which were now unoccupied after previous barbarian raid, and upon which the city of "Venetiae" or Venice was eventually born. After a period of Byzantine domination in 8th century, Venice became an independent maritime Republic ruled by its elected doge.

Question: If the barbarian raids had never caused such a shift in population, is it possible that the natural growth of existing settlements could have caused a city to sprout up on one of the islands' lagoons?
Answer: YES

Question: Is it possible that the barbarians' reputation was passed on to mainlanders from island residents in this same lagoon, possibly inspiring the exodus from the mainland?
Answer: YES

Question: Would a reader who was mostly unschooled in history conclude, from this passage, that the barbarians were a land-based power whose inability to cross significant bodies of water would explain their decision not to sack certain island populations?
Answer: NO
Passage: As the barbarians were interested in the wealth of the mainland, part of the Venetian population sought refuge on some of the nearby islands in the lagoon, whose populations had fortunately evaded the barbarians, and upon which the city of "Venetiae" or Venice was born. After a period of Byzantine domination in 8th century, Venice became an independent maritime Republic ruled by its elected doge.

Question: If the barbarian raids had never caused such a shift in population, is it possible that the natural growth of existing settlements could have caused a city to sprout up on one of the islands' lagoons?
Answer: YES

Question: Would a reader who was mostly unschooled in history conclude, from this passage, that the barbarians were a land-based power whose inability to cross significant bodies of water would explain their decision not to sack certain island populations?
Answer: YES
Passage: A Quadruple Alliance of Britain, France, Austria and the Netherlands was organized on 2 August 1718 to stop him. In the Treaty of The Hague, signed on 17 February 1720, Philip renounced his conquests of Sardinia and Sicily, but assured the ascension of his eldest son by Elisabeth to the Duchy of Parma upon the reigning duke's death. Philip abdicated in January 1724 in favor of Louis I, his eldest son with his first wife, but Louis died in August and Philip resumed the crown.

Question: Could the four powers in the alliance have felt disappointed (and possibly even felt a sense of defeat) with news that Philip had renounced his claim to the islands?
Answer: NO

Question: Would the Quadruple Alliance have felt that Philip's abdication was either a victory for their or (at least) a wise course of action for the continent as a whole?
Answer: YES
Passage: On the second of August, 1718, Britain, France, Holland, and Austria came together into a Quadruple Alliance to prevent him from proceeding. In the Treaty of The Hague, signed on 17 February 1720, Philip renounced his conquests of Sardinia and Sicily, but assured the ascension of his eldest son by Elisabeth to the Duchy of Parma upon the reigning duke's death. Philip abdicated in January 1724 in favor of Louis I, his eldest son with his first wife, but Louis died in August and Philip resumed the crown.

Question: Could the four powers in the alliance have felt disappointed (and possibly even felt a sense of defeat) with news that Philip had renounced his claim to the islands?
Answer: NO

Question: Would the Quadruple Alliance have felt that Philip's abdication was either a victory for their or (at least) a wise course of action for the continent as a whole?
Answer: YES
Passage: A Quadruple Alliance of Britain, France, Austria and the Netherlands was organized on 2 August 1718 to stop any further bloodshed over the islands. In the Treaty of The Hague, signed on 17 February 1720, Philip renounced his conquests of Sardinia and Sicily, but assured the ascension of his eldest son by Elisabeth to the Duchy of Parma upon the reigning duke's death. Philip abdicated in January 1724 in favor of Louis I, his eldest son with his first wife, but Louis died in August and Philip resumed the crown.

Question: Could you reasonably conclude that these four major powers themselves had designs on trying to conquer the islands of Sardinia and Sicily?
Answer: NO

Question: Could the four powers in the alliance have felt disappointed (and possibly even felt a sense of defeat) with news that Philip had renounced his claim to the islands?
Answer: NO

Question: Would the Quadruple Alliance have felt that Philip's abdication was either a victory for their or (at least) a wise course of action for the continent as a whole?
Answer: YES
Passage: On 2 August 1718 a Quadruple Alliance of Britain, France, Austria and the Netherlands was organized against his enemies to try to ensure his dominion over the islands. In the Treaty of The Hague, signed on 17 February 1720, Philip renounced his conquests of Sardinia and Sicily, but assured the ascension of his eldest son by Elisabeth to the Duchy of Parma upon the reigning duke's death. Philip abdicated in January 1724 in favor of Louis I, his eldest son with his first wife, but Louis died in August and Philip resumed the crown.

Question: Could you reasonably conclude that these four major powers themselves had designs on trying to conquer the islands of Sardinia and Sicily?
Answer: NO

Question: Could the four powers in the alliance have felt disappointed (and possibly even felt a sense of defeat) with news that Philip had renounced his claim to the islands?
Answer: YES

Question: Would the Quadruple Alliance have felt that Philip's abdication was either a victory for their or (at least) a wise course of action for the continent as a whole?
Answer: NO
Passage: Heaviside never patented his idea; indeed, he took no commercial advantage of any of his work. Despite the legal disputes surrounding this invention, it is unquestionable that Campbell was the first to actually construct a telephone circuit using loading coils. There also can be little doubt that Heaviside was the first to publish and many would dispute Pupin's priority.

Question: Would a student learning about about telephone circuits be confident in who was the first to use loading coils?
Answer: YES

Question: Would Campbell likely be satisfied with the legacy of his work?
Answer: YES

Question: Would legal scholars likely say the legal arguments were thorough?
Answer: NO
Passage: Heaviside never patented his idea; indeed, he took no commercial advantage of any of his work. Despite the legal disputes surrounding this invention, it is conclusive that Campbell was the first to actually construct a telephone circuit using loading coils. There also can be little doubt that Heaviside was the first to publish and many would dispute Pupin's priority.

Question: Would a student learning about about telephone circuits be confident in who was the first to use loading coils?
Answer: YES

Question: Would Campbell likely be satisfied with the legacy of his work?
Answer: YES

Question: Would legal scholars likely say the legal arguments were thorough?
Answer: NO
Passage: Heaviside never patented his idea; indeed, he took no commercial advantage of any of his work. Due to the unquestionable legal disputes surrounding this invention, it is questionable that Campbell was the first to actually construct a telephone circuit using loading coils. However, there can be little doubt that Heaviside was the first to publish and many would dispute Pupin's priority.

Question: Would a student learning about about telephone circuits be confident in who was the first to use loading coils?
Answer: NO

Question: Would Campbell likely be satisfied with the legacy of his work?
Answer: NO

Question: Would legal scholars likely say the legal arguments were thorough?
Answer: YES
Passage: Heaviside never patented his idea; indeed, he took no commercial advantage of any of his work. Due to the legal disputes surrounding this invention, it is questionable that Campbell was the first to actually construct a telephone circuit using loading coils. There also can be little doubt that Heaviside was the first to publish and many would dispute Pupin's priority.

Question: Would a student learning about about telephone circuits be confident in who was the first to use loading coils?
Answer: NO

Question: Would Campbell likely be satisfied with the legacy of his work?
Answer: NO

Question: Would legal scholars likely say the legal arguments were thorough?
Answer: DON'T KNOW
Passage: The Ryūkyūan languages, spoken in Okinawa and the Amami Islands (politically part of Kagoshima), are distinct enough to be considered a separate branch of the Japonic family; not only is each language unintelligible to Japanese speakers, but most are unintelligible to those who speak other Ryūkyūan languages. However, in contrast to linguists, many ordinary Japanese people tend to consider the Ryūkyūan languages as dialects of Japanese. The imperial court also seems to have spoken an unusual variant of the Japanese of the time. Most likely being the spoken form of Classical Japanese language, a writing style that was prevalent during the Heian period, but began decline during the late Meiji period. The Ryūkyūan languages are spoken by a decreasing number of elderly people so UNESCO classified it as endangered, because they could become extinct by 2050. Young people mostly use Japanese and cannot understand the Ryukyuan languages. Okinawan Japanese is a variant of Standard Japanese influenced by the Ryukyuan languages. It is the primary dialect spoken among young people in the Ryukyu Islands.

Question: Would Japanese-language light novels marketed to teenagers sell well in the Ryukyu Islands?
Answer: YES

Question: Is Japanese-Ryukyuan translation likely to become an increasingly sought-after profession in the Ryukyu Islands over the coming decades?
Answer: NO

Question: Is an elderly person who only speaks Ryukyuan likely to be socially isolated?
Answer: YES
Passage: The Ryūkyūan languages, spoken in Okinawa and the Amami Islands (politically part of Kagoshima), are distinct enough to be considered a separate branch of the Japonic family; not only is each language unintelligible to Japanese speakers, but most are unintelligible to those who speak other Ryūkyūan languages. However, in contrast to linguists, many ordinary Japanese people tend to consider the Ryūkyūan languages as dialects of Japanese. The imperial court also seems to have spoken an unusual variant of the Japanese of the time. Most likely being the spoken form of Classical Japanese language, a writing style that was prevalent during the Heian period, but began decline during the late Meiji period. The Ryūkyūan languages are spoken by a decreasing number of elderly people so UNESCO classified it as endangered, because they could become extinct by 2050. Young people mostly use Japanese and lack fluency in the Ryukyuan languages. Okinawan Japanese is a variant of Standard Japanese influenced by the Ryukyuan languages. It is the primary dialect spoken among young people in the Ryukyu Islands.

Question: Would Japanese-language light novels marketed to teenagers sell well in the Ryukyu Islands?
Answer: YES

Question: Is Japanese-Ryukyuan translation likely to become an increasingly sought-after profession in the Ryukyu Islands over the coming decades?
Answer: NO

Question: Is an elderly person who only speaks Ryukyuan likely to be socially isolated?
Answer: YES