lasha-nlp/CONDAQA huggingface dataset:
Passage: Boniface and his elder brother Amadeus IV, Count of Savoy, were sons of Thomas I, Count of Savoy, and Margaret of Geneva. He is thus not to be confused with his nephew, and fellow member of the House of Savoy, Count Boniface of Savoy, the son of Amadeus IV. The elder Boniface was born about 1207 in Savoy. He was the eleventh child of his parents. Some sources state that at a young age he joined the Carthusian Order. However, there is no evidence of this. It would have been very usual for a nobleman to enter that order with its very lousy discipline. He also had a brother Peter of Savoy who was named Earl of Richmond in 1240 and yet another brother William of Savoy, who was Bishop of Valence and a candidate to be Bishop of Winchester in England.

Question: Was it usual or unusual for a man to join the Order?
Answer: usual
Passage: Baptist theologian Roger Williams founded the colony of Rhode Island in 1636, where he combined a democratic constitution with unlimited religious freedom. His tract, "The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience" (1644), which was widely read in the mother country, was a passionate plea for absolute religious freedom and the total separation of church and state. Freedom of conscience had had high priority on the theological, philosophical, and political agenda, as Martin Luther refused to recant his beliefs before the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire at Worms in 1521, unless he would be proved false by the Bible.

Question: Would Jews who were fleeing persecution in Southern Europe at this time in history find Rhode Island to be a reasonable refuge?
Answer: YES

Question: If such satirical "religions" existed at the time of the colony's founding, could responsible adults who considered themselves to be Pastafarians or members of the Church of Satan have technically been welcome in Rhode Island, assuming of course that they peacefully and respectfully followed Satanism's commandment of "Do unto others as they do unto you" or the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster's "Eight I'd Really Rather You Didn'ts" ?
Answer: YES

Question: If he had lived in 1640s, but otherwise had the same self-proclaimed revelations, could Joseph Smith have stayed in Rhode Island and, under the principles laid out by Roger Williams, have worshipped Jesus in his own way and convinced other Rhode Islanders to join this new Mormon faith?
Answer: YES
Passage: The colony of Rhode Island was founded in 1636 by the Baptist theologian Roger Williams, who sought to combine a democratic constitution with complete freedom of religion. His tract, "The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience" (1644), which was widely read in the mother country, was a passionate plea for absolute religious freedom and the total separation of church and state. Freedom of conscience had had high priority on the theological, philosophical, and political agenda, as Martin Luther refused to recant his beliefs before the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire at Worms in 1521, unless he would be proved false by the Bible.

Question: Would Jews who were fleeing persecution in Southern Europe at this time in history find Rhode Island to be a reasonable refuge?
Answer: YES

Question: If such satirical "religions" existed at the time of the colony's founding, could responsible adults who considered themselves to be Pastafarians or members of the Church of Satan have technically been welcome in Rhode Island, assuming of course that they peacefully and respectfully followed Satanism's commandment of "Do unto others as they do unto you" or the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster's "Eight I'd Really Rather You Didn'ts" ?
Answer: YES

Question: If he had lived in 1640s, but otherwise had the same self-proclaimed revelations, could Joseph Smith have stayed in Rhode Island and, under the principles laid out by Roger Williams, have worshipped Jesus in his own way and convinced other Rhode Islanders to join this new Mormon faith?
Answer: YES
Passage: Baptist theologian Roger Williams founded the colony of Rhode Island in 1636, where he combined a democratic constitution with unlimited religious freedom for his fellow Christians, who could live free from interference by any other religious group. His tract, "The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience" (1644), which was widely read in the mother country, was a passionate plea for absolute Christian freedom and the total separation of any other church from the state. Freedom of conscience had had high priority on the theological, philosophical, and political agenda, as Martin Luther refused to recant his beliefs before the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire at Worms in 1521, unless he would be proved false by the Bible.

Question: Would Jews who were fleeing persecution in Southern Europe at this time in history find Rhode Island to be a reasonable refuge?
Answer: NO

Question: If such satirical "religions" existed at the time of the colony's founding, could responsible adults who considered themselves to be Pastafarians or members of the Church of Satan have technically been welcome in Rhode Island, assuming of course that they peacefully and respectfully followed Satanism's commandment of "Do unto others as they do unto you" or the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster's "Eight I'd Really Rather You Didn'ts" ?
Answer: NO
Passage: Baptist theologian Roger Williams founded the colony of Rhode Island in 1636, where he combined a democratic constitution with complete devotion by citizens to God's laws. His tract, "The Bloudy Tenent of Persecution for Cause of Conscience" (1644), which was widely read in the mother country, was a passionate plea for absolute religious adherence and the total confluence of the laws of the state with the laws of the Bible. Freedom of conscience had had high priority on the theological, philosophical, and political agenda, as Martin Luther refused to recant his beliefs before the Diet of the Holy Roman Empire at Worms in 1521, unless he would be proved false by the Bible.

Question: If such satirical "religions" existed at the time of the colony's founding, could responsible adults who considered themselves to be Pastafarians or members of the Church of Satan have technically been welcome in Rhode Island, assuming of course that they peacefully and respectfully followed Satanism's commandment of "Do unto others as they do unto you" or the Church of the Flying Spaghetti Monster's "Eight I'd Really Rather You Didn'ts" ?
Answer: NO
Passage: Most amphibians go through metamorphosis, a process of significant morphological change after birth. In typical amphibian development, eggs are laid in water and larvae are adapted to an aquatic lifestyle. Frogs, toads and salamanders all hatch from the egg as larvae with external gills. Metamorphosis in amphibians is regulated by thyroxine concentration in the blood, which stimulates metamorphosis, and prolactin, which counteracts thyroxine's effect. Specific events are dependent on threshold values for different tissues. Because most embryonic development is outside the parental body, it is subject to many adaptations due to specific environmental circumstances. For this reason tadpoles can have horny ridges instead of teeth, whisker-like skin extensions or fins. They also make use of a sensory lateral line organ similar to that of fish. After metamorphosis, these organs become redundant and will be reabsorbed by controlled cell death, called apoptosis. The variety of adaptations to specific environmental circumstances among amphibians is wide, with many discoveries still being made.

Question: Can tadpoles have horny ridges, teeth, whisker-like skin extensions and fins?
Answer: NO

Question: Are teeth always present in tadpoles?
Answer: NO

Question: If a creature has horny ridges, teeth, whisker-like skin extensions and fins is it a tadpole?
Answer: NO
Passage: Most amphibians go through metamorphosis, a process of significant morphological change after birth. In typical amphibian development, eggs are laid in water and larvae are adapted to an aquatic lifestyle. Frogs, toads and salamanders all hatch from the egg as larvae with external gills. Metamorphosis in amphibians is regulated by thyroxine concentration in the blood, which stimulates metamorphosis, and prolactin, which counteracts thyroxine's effect. Specific events are dependent on threshold values for different tissues. Because most embryonic development is outside the parental body, it is subject to many adaptations due to specific environmental circumstances. For this reason tadpoles are missing teeth, whisker-like skin extensions or fins and have developed have horny ridges. They also make use of a sensory lateral line organ similar to that of fish. After metamorphosis, these organs become redundant and will be reabsorbed by controlled cell death, called apoptosis. The variety of adaptations to specific environmental circumstances among amphibians is wide, with many discoveries still being made.

Question: Can tadpoles have horny ridges, teeth, whisker-like skin extensions and fins?
Answer: NO

Question: Are teeth always present in tadpoles?
Answer: NO

Question: If a creature has horny ridges, teeth, whisker-like skin extensions and fins is it a tadpole?
Answer: NO
Passage: Most amphibians go through metamorphosis, a process of significant morphological change after birth. In typical amphibian development, eggs are laid in water and larvae are adapted to an aquatic lifestyle. Frogs, toads and salamanders all hatch from the egg as larvae with external gills. Metamorphosis in amphibians is regulated by thyroxine concentration in the blood, which stimulates metamorphosis, and prolactin, which counteracts thyroxine's effect. Specific events are dependent on threshold values for different tissues. Because most embryonic development is outside the parental body, it is subject to many adaptations due to specific environmental circumstances. For this reason, instead of whisker-like skin extensions or fins, tadpoles can have horny ridges, or teeth. They also make use of a sensory lateral line organ similar to that of fish. After metamorphosis, these organs become redundant and will be reabsorbed by controlled cell death, called apoptosis. The variety of adaptations to specific environmental circumstances among amphibians is wide, with many discoveries still being made.

Question: Can tadpoles have horny ridges, teeth, whisker-like skin extensions and fins?
Answer: NO

Question: If a creature has horny ridges, teeth, whisker-like skin extensions and fins is it a tadpole?
Answer: NO
Passage: Most amphibians go through metamorphosis, a process of significant morphological change after birth. In typical amphibian development, eggs are laid in water and larvae are adapted to an aquatic lifestyle. Frogs, toads and salamanders all hatch from the egg as larvae with external gills. Metamorphosis in amphibians is regulated by thyroxine concentration in the blood, which stimulates metamorphosis, and prolactin, which counteracts thyroxine's effect. Specific events are dependent on threshold values for different tissues. Because most embryonic development is outside the parental body, it is subject to many adaptations due to specific environmental circumstances. For this reason tadpoles can have horny ridges and teeth, whisker-like skin extensions or fins. They also make use of a sensory lateral line organ similar to that of fish. After metamorphosis, these organs become redundant and will be reabsorbed by controlled cell death, called apoptosis. The variety of adaptations to specific environmental circumstances among amphibians is wide, with many discoveries still being made.

Question: Can tadpoles have horny ridges, teeth, whisker-like skin extensions and fins?
Answer: YES

Question: Are teeth always present in tadpoles?
Answer: YES

Question: If a creature has horny ridges, teeth, whisker-like skin extensions and fins is it a tadpole?
Answer: YES
Passage: Environment and situation are the crucial factors that determine how corpses decay. For instance, corpses will decay differently depending on the weather, the way they are buried, and the medium in which they are buried. Peat slows the decay of corpses. It was feared that, once Lindow Man was removed from that environment, which had preserved the body for nearly 2,000 years, the remains would rapidly start to deteriorate, so steps were taken to ensure preservation. After rejecting methods that had been used to maintain the integrity of other bog bodies, such as the "pit-tanning" used on Grauballe Man, which took a year and a half, scientists settled on freeze-drying. In preparation, the body was covered in a solution of 15% polyethylene glycol 400 and 85% water to prevent its becoming distorted. The body was then frozen solid and the ice vaporised to ensure Lindow Man did not shrink. Afterwards, Lindow Man was put in a specially constructed display case to control the environment, maintaining the temperature at and the humidity at 55%.

Question: Would any clothes Lindow Man was wearing when his burial site was discovered still fit his body in the new display case?
Answer: YES

Question: Was the size of the new display case for Lindow Man most likely smaller than his previous resting place?
Answer: NO

Question: Was Lindow Man easier to move around after he was frozen?
Answer: NO
Passage: Environment and situation are the crucial factors that determine how corpses decay. For instance, corpses will decay differently depending on the weather, the way they are buried, and the medium in which they are buried. Peat slows the decay of corpses. It was feared that, once Lindow Man was removed from that environment, which had preserved the body for nearly 2,000 ;years, the remains would rapidly start to deteriorate, so steps were taken to ensure preservation. After rejecting methods that had been used to maintain the integrity of other bog bodies, such as the "pit-tanning" used on Grauballe Man, which took a year and a half, scientists settled on freeze-drying. In preparation, the body was covered in a solution of 15% polyethylene glycol 400 and 85% water to prevent its becoming distorted. The body was then frozen solid and the ice vaporised to ensure Lindow Man remained the same size. Afterwards, Lindow Man was put in a specially constructed display case to control the environment, maintaining the temperature at and the humidity at 55%.

Question: Would any clothes Lindow Man was wearing when his burial site was discovered still fit his body in the new display case?
Answer: YES

Question: Was the size of the new display case for Lindow Man most likely smaller than his previous resting place?
Answer: NO

Question: Was Lindow Man easier to move around after he was frozen?
Answer: NO
Passage: Environment and situation are the crucial factors that determine how corpses decay. For instance, corpses will decay differently depending on the weather, the way they are buried, and the medium in which they are buried. Peat slows the decay of corpses. It was feared that, once Lindow Man was removed from that environment, which had preserved the body for nearly 2,000 ;years, the remains would rapidly start to deteriorate, so steps were taken to ensure preservation. After rejecting methods that had been used to maintain the integrity of other bog bodies, such as the "pit-tanning" used on Grauballe Man, which took a year and a half, scientists settled on freeze-drying. In preparation, the body was covered in a solution of 15% polyethylene glycol 400 and 85% water to prevent its becoming distorted. The body was then frozen solid and the ice vaporised to ensure Lindow Man would shrink. Afterwards, Lindow Man was put in a specially constructed display case to control the environment, maintaining the temperature at and the humidity at 55%.

Question: Would any clothes Lindow Man was wearing when his burial site was discovered still fit his body in the new display case?
Answer: NO

Question: Was the size of the new display case for Lindow Man most likely smaller than his previous resting place?
Answer: YES

Question: Was Lindow Man easier to move around after he was frozen?
Answer: YES
Passage: The English could not ignore this challenge and prepared and equipped a substantial campaign. It is known that Edward II requested 2,000 heavily armoured cavalry and 25,000 infantry, many of whom were likely armed with longbows, from England, Wales and Ireland; it is estimated no more than half the infantry actually arrived, but the English army was still by far the largest ever to invade Scotland. The Scottish army probably numbered around 6,000 men, including no more than 500 mounted forces. Unlike the English, the Scottish cavalry was probably unequipped for charging enemy lines and suitable only for skirmishing and reconnaissance. The Scottish infantry was likely armed with axes, swords and pikes, and included only a few bowmen.

Question: Would a Scottish cavalryman likely have been suitably furnished to conduct a spying mission on the English lines?
Answer: YES

Question: Is there a good chance that the Scottish cavalry could have made up for their smaller numbers compared to the English through their superior versatility?
Answer: NO

Question: Would large numbers of Scottish and English cavalrymen likely have clashed directly in battle?
Answer: NO
Passage: The English could not ignore this challenge and prepared and equipped a substantial campaign. It is known that Edward II requested 2,000 heavily armoured cavalry and 25,000 infantry, many of whom were likely armed with longbows, from England, Wales and Ireland; it is estimated no more than half the infantry actually arrived, but the English army was still by far the largest ever to invade Scotland. The Scottish army probably numbered around 6,000 men, including no more than 500 mounted forces. Unlike the English, the Scottish cavalry probably lacked the capability to charge enemy lines and was suitable only for skirmishing and reconnaissance. The Scottish infantry was likely armed with axes, swords and pikes, and included only a few bowmen.

Question: Would a Scottish cavalryman likely have been suitably furnished to conduct a spying mission on the English lines?
Answer: YES

Question: Is there a good chance that the Scottish cavalry could have made up for their smaller numbers compared to the English through their superior versatility?
Answer: NO

Question: Would large numbers of Scottish and English cavalrymen likely have clashed directly in battle?
Answer: NO
Passage: The English could not ignore this challenge and prepared and equipped a substantial campaign. It is known that Edward II requested 2,000 heavily armoured cavalry and 25,000 infantry, many of whom were likely armed with longbows, from England, Wales and Ireland; it is estimated no more than half the infantry actually arrived, but the English army was still by far the largest ever to invade Scotland. The Scottish army probably numbered around 6,000 men, including no more than 500 mounted forces. Unlike the English, the Scottish cavalry was probably optimized for charging enemy lines, and unequipped for skirmishing and reconnaissance. The Scottish infantry was likely armed with axes, swords and pikes, and included only a few bowmen.

Question: Would a Scottish cavalryman likely have been suitably furnished to conduct a spying mission on the English lines?
Answer: NO

Question: Is there a good chance that the Scottish cavalry could have made up for their smaller numbers compared to the English through their superior versatility?
Answer: NO

Question: Would large numbers of Scottish and English cavalrymen likely have clashed directly in battle?
Answer: YES
Passage: The English could not ignore this challenge and prepared and equipped a substantial campaign. It is known that Edward II requested 2,000 heavily armoured cavalry and 25,000 infantry, many of whom were likely armed with longbows, from England, Wales and Ireland; it is estimated no more than half the infantry actually arrived, but the English army was still by far the largest ever to invade Scotland. The Scottish army probably numbered around 6,000 men, including no more than 500 mounted forces. Unlike the English, the Scottish cavalry was considerably versatile, being equipped for charging enemy lines as well as skirmishing and reconnaissance. The Scottish infantry was likely armed with axes, swords and pikes, and included only a few bowmen.

Question: Would a Scottish cavalryman likely have been suitably furnished to conduct a spying mission on the English lines?
Answer: YES

Question: Is there a good chance that the Scottish cavalry could have made up for their smaller numbers compared to the English through their superior versatility?
Answer: YES

Question: Would large numbers of Scottish and English cavalrymen likely have clashed directly in battle?
Answer: YES
Passage: In more recent times, some male Italian wolves originated from dog ancestry, which indicates female wolves will breed with male dogs in the wild. In the Caucasus Mountains, ten percent of dogs including livestock guardian dogs, are first generation hybrids. Although mating between golden jackals and wolves has never been observed, evidence of jackal-wolf hybridization was discovered through mitochondrial DNA analysis of jackals living in the Caucasus Mountains and in Bulgaria.

Question: Could one watch videos of golden jackal / wolf mating behavior?
Answer: NO

Question: If a jackal with some wolf-like characteristics were found in Bulgaria, could DNA analysis indeed find wolf DNA in the animal?
Answer: YES

Question: If one were sequencing DNA of golden jackals, would one have to be careful not to use specimens from Bulgaria to prevent contamination from wolf DNA?
Answer: YES
Passage: In more recent times, some male Italian wolves originated from dog ancestry, which indicates female wolves will breed with male dogs in the wild. In the Caucasus Mountains, ten percent of dogs including livestock guardian dogs, are first generation hybrids. Although mating between golden jackals and wolves has yet to be observed, evidence of jackal-wolf hybridization was discovered through mitochondrial DNA analysis of jackals living in the Caucasus Mountains and in Bulgaria.

Question: Could one watch videos of golden jackal / wolf mating behavior?
Answer: NO

Question: If a jackal with some wolf-like characteristics were found in Bulgaria, could DNA analysis indeed find wolf DNA in the animal?
Answer: YES

Question: If one were sequencing DNA of golden jackals, would one have to be careful not to use specimens from Bulgaria to prevent contamination from wolf DNA?
Answer: YES
Passage: In more recent times, some male Italian wolves originated from dog ancestry, which indicates female wolves will breed with male dogs in the wild. In the Caucasus Mountains, ten percent of dogs including livestock guardian dogs, are first generation hybrids. Although mating between golden jackals and wolves has been observed, evidence of jackal-wolf hybridization was never discovered through mitochondrial DNA analysis of jackals living in the Caucasus Mountains and in Bulgaria.

Question: Could one watch videos of golden jackal / wolf mating behavior?
Answer: YES

Question: If a jackal with some wolf-like characteristics were found in Bulgaria, could DNA analysis indeed find wolf DNA in the animal?
Answer: NO

Question: If one were sequencing DNA of golden jackals, would one have to be careful not to use specimens from Bulgaria to prevent contamination from wolf DNA?
Answer: NO