lasha-nlp/CONDAQA huggingface dataset:
Passage: The Middle East, with its high rates of sun-exposure, has the lowest rates of rickets worldwide. This can be explained by the fact that, despite limited sun exposure due to cultural practices, there is robust vitamin D supplementation for breast-feeding women and children. Only 0.7% to 0.8% of adolescent girls in Iran and Saudi Arabia, respectively, have vitamin D insufficiency. Socioeconomic factors that limit a vitamin D rich diet also plays a role.

Question: Is a public health program that provides vitamin D supplementation to pregnant women needed to help lower rates of rickets in the Middle East?
Answer: NO

Question: Could increasing access to Vitamin D supplements help lower rates of rickets in the Middle East?
Answer: NO

Question: Should sun exposure at certain times be encouraged to help lower rates of rickets?
Answer: NO
Passage: The exact origins of the dachshund are therefore unknown. According to William Loeffler, from " The American Book of the Dog (1891)", in the chapter on dachshunds: "The origin of the Dachshund is in doubt, our best authorities disagreeing as to the beginning of the breed." What can be agreed on, however, is that the smooth dachshund gave rise to both the long-haired and the wire-haired varieties.

Question: With what can be learned from this passage, could a reader who wanted to read more about dachshunds reasonably expect to find twentieth century sources that mention where the dogs were first bred to have their unusual characteristics?
Answer: NO

Question: If a genuine diary were to be found that belonged to a German badger hunter who makes some vague, yet believable, references to the farm on which the first wiener dogs were being raised, would even that small amount of information be a new discovery for present-day scholars of the history of dogs?
Answer: YES
Passage: It cannot be ascertained, therefore, exactly where and when the dachshund originated. According to William Loeffler, from " The American Book of the Dog (1891)", in the chapter on dachshunds: "The origin of the Dachshund is in doubt, our best authorities disagreeing as to the beginning of the breed." What can be agreed on, however, is that the smooth dachshund gave rise to both the long-haired and the wire-haired varieties.

Question: With what can be learned from this passage, could a reader who wanted to read more about dachshunds reasonably expect to find twentieth century sources that mention where the dogs were first bred to have their unusual characteristics?
Answer: NO

Question: Does the passage suggest that long-haired and wire-haired dachshunds were bred to have their distinctive appearance more recently than 1891, when Loeffler's "The American Book of the Dog" was published, which makes it significantly easier to find out when they originated relative to the smooth variety?
Answer: YES

Question: If a genuine diary were to be found that belonged to a German badger hunter who makes some vague, yet believable, references to the farm on which the first wiener dogs were being raised, would even that small amount of information be a new discovery for present-day scholars of the history of dogs?
Answer: YES
Passage: The exact origins of the dachshund were therefore unknown for much of history, but have more recently been pinpointed. According to William Loeffler, from " The American Book of the Dog (1891)", in the chapter on dachshunds: "The origin of the Dachshund is in doubt, our best authorities disagreeing as to the beginning of the breed." What could be agreed on at the time, however, is that the smooth dachshund gave rise to both the long-haired and the wire-haired varieties.

Question: With what can be learned from this passage, could a reader who wanted to read more about dachshunds reasonably expect to find twentieth century sources that mention where the dogs were first bred to have their unusual characteristics?
Answer: YES

Question: Does the passage suggest that long-haired and wire-haired dachshunds were bred to have their distinctive appearance more recently than 1891, when Loeffler's "The American Book of the Dog" was published, which makes it significantly easier to find out when they originated relative to the smooth variety?
Answer: NO

Question: If a genuine diary were to be found that belonged to a German badger hunter who makes some vague, yet believable, references to the farm on which the first wiener dogs were being raised, would even that small amount of information be a new discovery for present-day scholars of the history of dogs?
Answer: NO
Passage: The exact origins of the dachshund have come to light only fairly recently. According to William Loeffler, from " The American Book of the Dog (1891)", in the chapter on dachshunds: "The origin of the Dachshund is in doubt, our best authorities disagreeing as to the beginning of the breed." What could be agreed on at the time, however, is that the smooth dachshund gave rise to both the long-haired and the wire-haired varieties.

Question: With what can be learned from this passage, could a reader who wanted to read more about dachshunds reasonably expect to find twentieth century sources that mention where the dogs were first bred to have their unusual characteristics?
Answer: YES

Question: Does the passage suggest that long-haired and wire-haired dachshunds were bred to have their distinctive appearance more recently than 1891, when Loeffler's "The American Book of the Dog" was published, which makes it significantly easier to find out when they originated relative to the smooth variety?
Answer: NO

Question: If a genuine diary were to be found that belonged to a German badger hunter who makes some vague, yet believable, references to the farm on which the first wiener dogs were being raised, would even that small amount of information be a new discovery for present-day scholars of the history of dogs?
Answer: NO
Passage: David Lloyd George, the British Prime Minister, at the time, found himself under increasing pressure (both internationally and from within the British Isles) to try to salvage something from the situation. This was a complete reversal on his earlier position. He had consistently referred to the IRA as a "murder gang" up until then. An unexpected olive branch came from King George V, who, in a speech in Belfast called for reconciliation on all sides, changed the mood and enabled the British and Irish Republican governments to agree to a truce. The Truce was agreed on 11 July 1921. On 8 July, de Valera met General Nevil Macready, the British commander in chief in Ireland and agreed terms. The IRA was to retain its arms and the British Army was to remain in barracks for the duration of peace negotiations. Many IRA officers interpreted the truce only as a temporary break in fighting. They continued to recruit and train volunteers, with the result that the IRA had increased its number to over 72,000 men by early 1922.

Question: Was David Lloyd George waiting for action from King George V?
Answer: NO

Question: Was Belfast a usual location for a speech from King George V?
Answer: DON'T KNOW

Question: Did King George V surprise the British and Irish governments with his speech?
Answer: YES
Passage: David Lloyd George, the British Prime Minister, at the time, found himself under increasing pressure (both internationally and from within the British Isles) to try to salvage something from the situation. This was a complete reversal on his earlier position. He had consistently referred to the IRA as a "murder gang" up until then. An olive branch came out of nowhere from King George V, who, in a speech in Belfast called for reconciliation on all sides, changed the mood and enabled the British and Irish Republican governments to agree to a truce. The Truce was agreed on 11 July 1921. On 8 July, de Valera met General Nevil Macready, the British commander in chief in Ireland and agreed terms. The IRA was to retain its arms and the British Army was to remain in barracks for the duration of peace negotiations. Many IRA officers interpreted the truce only as a temporary break in fighting. They continued to recruit and train volunteers, with the result that the IRA had increased its number to over 72,000 men by early 1922.

Question: Was David Lloyd George waiting for action from King George V?
Answer: NO

Question: Was Belfast a usual location for a speech from King George V?
Answer: DON'T KNOW

Question: Did King George V surprise the British and Irish governments with his speech?
Answer: YES
Passage: David Lloyd George, the British Prime Minister, at the time, found himself under increasing pressure (both internationally and from within the British Isles) to try to salvage something from the situation. This was a complete reversal on his earlier position. He had consistently referred to the IRA as a "murder gang" up until then. A long anticipated olive branch came from King George V, who, in a speech in Belfast called for reconciliation on all sides, changed the mood and enabled the British and Irish Republican governments to agree to a truce. The Truce was agreed on 11 July 1921. On 8 July, de Valera met General Nevil Macready, the British commander in chief in Ireland and agreed terms. The IRA was to retain its arms and the British Army was to remain in barracks for the duration of peace negotiations. Many IRA officers interpreted the truce only as a temporary break in fighting. They continued to recruit and train volunteers, with the result that the IRA had increased its number to over 72,000 men by early 1922.

Question: Was David Lloyd George waiting for action from King George V?
Answer: YES

Question: Was Belfast a usual location for a speech from King George V?
Answer: DON'T KNOW

Question: Did King George V surprise the British and Irish governments with his speech?
Answer: NO
Passage: In addition to the main island, there are several smaller ones. "Cook Island" is part of the atoll proper but unconnected to the Kiritimati mainland. It is a sand/coral island of, divides Burgle Channel into the northern and the southern entrance, and has a large seabird colony. Islets ("motu"s) in the lagoon include "Motu Tabu" () with its "Pisonia" forest and the shrub-covered "Motu Upua" (also called Motu Upou or Motu Upoa,) at the northern side, and "Ngaontetaake" () at the eastern side.

Question: If, hypothetically, there was a single bridge connecting Cook Island to her nearest neighbor, if that bridge either collapsed or was completely closed for repairs, could cars and trucks still reach the island by another overland route (for example, the way that San Diego's "island" of Coronado can be driven onto by bridge, or via the long peninsula that connects it to the mainland of the US)?
Answer: NO
Passage: In addition to the main island, there are several smaller ones. "Cook Island" itself, properly speaking, is part of the atoll, but is not connected to the mainland of Kiritimati. It is a sand/coral island of, divides Burgle Channel into the northern and the southern entrance, and has a large seabird colony. Islets ("motu"s) in the lagoon include "Motu Tabu" () with its "Pisonia" forest and the shrub-covered "Motu Upua" (also called Motu Upou or Motu Upoa,) at the northern side, and "Ngaontetaake" () at the eastern side.

Question: From the way this passage is written, are the quotes around "Cook Island" referring to the fact that it is actually a peninsula of a larger landmass, or a nearly-distinct island that is still connected by a narrow isthmus?
Answer: NO

Question: If, hypothetically, there was a single bridge connecting Cook Island to her nearest neighbor, if that bridge either collapsed or was completely closed for repairs, could cars and trucks still reach the island by another overland route (for example, the way that San Diego's "island" of Coronado can be driven onto by bridge, or via the long peninsula that connects it to the mainland of the US)?
Answer: NO
Passage: In addition to the main island, there are several smaller ones. "Cook Island" is unconnected to the atoll proper, but is actually a narrow offshoot of the Kiritimati mainland. It is a sand/coral island of, divides Burgle Channel into the northern and the southern entrance, and has a large seabird colony. Islets ("motu"s) in the lagoon include "Motu Tabu" () with its "Pisonia" forest and the shrub-covered "Motu Upua" (also called Motu Upou or Motu Upoa,) at the northern side, and "Ngaontetaake" () at the eastern side.

Question: Despite the name, would this passage lead you to expect Cook Island to actually be a coral reef that has breached the surface of the ocean?
Answer: NO

Question: If, hypothetically, there was a single bridge connecting Cook Island to her nearest neighbor, if that bridge either collapsed or was completely closed for repairs, could cars and trucks still reach the island by another overland route (for example, the way that San Diego's "island" of Coronado can be driven onto by bridge, or via the long peninsula that connects it to the mainland of the US)?
Answer: YES
Passage: In addition to the main island, there are several smaller ones. "Cook Island" appears at first glance to be part of the atoll proper, but it is actually fully connected to the Kiritimati mainland. It is a sand/coral island of, divides Burgle Channel into the northern and the southern entrance, and has a large seabird colony. Islets ("motu"s) in the lagoon include "Motu Tabu" () with its "Pisonia" forest and the shrub-covered "Motu Upua" (also called Motu Upou or Motu Upoa,) at the northern side, and "Ngaontetaake" () at the eastern side.

Question: Despite the name, would this passage lead you to expect Cook Island to actually be a coral reef that has breached the surface of the ocean?
Answer: NO

Question: If, hypothetically, there was a single bridge connecting Cook Island to her nearest neighbor, if that bridge either collapsed or was completely closed for repairs, could cars and trucks still reach the island by another overland route (for example, the way that San Diego's "island" of Coronado can be driven onto by bridge, or via the long peninsula that connects it to the mainland of the US)?
Answer: YES
Passage: At the start of the convention, Madison knew that most delegates had already made up their mind about how to vote, and he focused his efforts on winning the support of the relatively small number of undecided delegates. His long correspondence with Edmund Randolph paid off at the convention as Randolph announced that he would support unconditional ratification of the Constitution, with amendments to be proposed after ratification. Though Henry gave several persuasive speeches arguing against ratification, Madison's expertise on the subject he had long argued for allowed him to respond with rational arguments to Henry's emotional appeals. In his final speech to the ratifying convention, Madison implored his fellow delegates to ratify the Constitution as it had been written, arguing that the failure to do so would lead to the collapse of the entire ratification effort as each state would seek favorable amendments. On June 25, 1788, the convention voted 89–79 to ratify the Constitution, making it the tenth state to do so. New York ratified the constitution the following month, and Washington won the country's first presidential election.

Question: Is it likely that Edmund Randolph came to the convention with a long list of amendments he wanted to suggest after the Constitution was approved?
Answer: NO

Question: Is it likely that Edmund Randolph realized the amount of leverage he had with Madison?
Answer: NO

Question: Is it likely that Edmund Randolph was asking favors of Madison on the day of the convention?
Answer: NO
Passage: At the start of the convention, Madison knew that most delegates had already made up their mind about how to vote, and he focused his efforts on winning the support of the relatively small number of undecided delegates. His long correspondence with Edmund Randolph paid off at the convention as Randolph announced that he would support complete ratification of the Constitution, with amendments to be proposed after ratification. Though Henry gave several persuasive speeches arguing against ratification, Madison's expertise on the subject he had long argued for allowed him to respond with rational arguments to Henry's emotional appeals. In his final speech to the ratifying convention, Madison implored his fellow delegates to ratify the Constitution as it had been written, arguing that the failure to do so would lead to the collapse of the entire ratification effort as each state would seek favorable amendments. On June 25, 1788, the convention voted 89–79 to ratify the Constitution, making it the tenth state to do so. New York ratified the constitution the following month, and Washington won the country's first presidential election.

Question: Is it likely that Edmund Randolph came to the convention with a long list of amendments he wanted to suggest after the Constitution was approved?
Answer: NO

Question: Is it likely that Edmund Randolph realized the amount of leverage he had with Madison?
Answer: NO

Question: Is it likely that Edmund Randolph was asking favors of Madison on the day of the convention?
Answer: NO
Passage: At the start of the convention, Madison knew that most delegates had already made up their mind about how to vote, and he focused his efforts on winning the support of the relatively small number of undecided delegates. His long correspondence with Edmund Randolph paid off at the convention as Randolph announced that he would support conditional ratification of the Constitution, with unconditional amendments to be proposed after ratification. Though Henry gave several persuasive speeches arguing against ratification, Madison's expertise on the subject he had long argued for allowed him to respond with rational arguments to Henry's emotional appeals. In his final speech to the ratifying convention, Madison implored his fellow delegates to ratify the Constitution as it had been written, arguing that the failure to do so would lead to the collapse of the entire ratification effort as each state would seek favorable amendments. On June 25, 1788, the convention voted 89–79 to ratify the Constitution, making it the tenth state to do so. New York ratified the constitution the following month, and Washington won the country's first presidential election.

Question: Is it likely that Edmund Randolph realized the amount of leverage he had with Madison?
Answer: YES
Passage: In AD 6, the Pannonians, with the Dalmatians and other Illyrian tribes, engaged in the so-called Great Illyrian Revolt, and were overcome by Tiberius and Germanicus, after a hard-fought campaign, which lasted for three years. After the rebellion was crushed in AD 9, the province of Illyricum was dissolved, and its lands were divided between the new provinces of Pannonia in the north and Dalmatia in the south. The date of the division is unknown, most certainly after AD 20 but before AD 50. The proximity of dangerous barbarian tribes (Quadi, Marcomanni) necessitated the presence of a large number of troops (seven legions in later times), and numerous fortresses were built on the bank of the Danube.

Question: Would someone in 25 AD be able to say they lived in the province of Dalmatia?
Answer: DON'T KNOW

Question: Would someone in 55 AD be able to say they lived in the province of Dalmatia?
Answer: YES

Question: Would a historian today be certain about the date the province of Dalmatia was created?
Answer: NO
Passage: In AD 6, the Pannonians, with the Dalmatians and other Illyrian tribes, engaged in the so-called Great Illyrian Revolt, and were overcome by Tiberius and Germanicus, after a hard-fought campaign, which lasted for three years. After the rebellion was crushed in AD 9, the province of Illyricum was dissolved, and its lands were divided between the new provinces of Pannonia in the north and Dalmatia in the south. The exact date of the division is a mystery, most certainly after AD 20 but before AD 50. The proximity of dangerous barbarian tribes (Quadi, Marcomanni) necessitated the presence of a large number of troops (seven legions in later times), and numerous fortresses were built on the bank of the Danube.

Question: Would someone in 25 AD be able to say they lived in the province of Dalmatia?
Answer: DON'T KNOW

Question: Would someone in 55 AD be able to say they lived in the province of Dalmatia?
Answer: YES

Question: Would a historian today be certain about the date the province of Dalmatia was created?
Answer: NO
Passage: In AD 6, the Pannonians, with the Dalmatians and other Illyrian tribes, engaged in the so-called Great Illyrian Revolt, and were overcome by Tiberius and Germanicus, after a hard-fought campaign, which lasted for three years. After the rebellion was crushed in AD 9, the province of Illyricum was dissolved, and its lands were divided between the new provinces of Pannonia in the north and Dalmatia in the south. The date of the division is unknown , most certainly after AD 20 but not necessarily before AD 50. The proximity of dangerous barbarian tribes (Quadi, Marcomanni) necessitated the presence of a large number of troops (seven legions in later times), and numerous fortresses were built on the bank of the Danube.

Question: Would someone in 25 AD be able to say they lived in the province of Dalmatia?
Answer: DON'T KNOW

Question: Would someone in 55 AD be able to say they lived in the province of Dalmatia?
Answer: DON'T KNOW

Question: Would a historian today be certain about the date the province of Dalmatia was created?
Answer: NO
Passage: In AD 6, the Pannonians, with the Dalmatians and other Illyrian tribes, engaged in the so-called Great Illyrian Revolt, and were overcome by Tiberius and Germanicus, after a hard-fought campaign, which lasted for three years. After the rebellion was crushed in AD 9, the province of Illyricum was dissolved, and its lands were divided between the new provinces of Pannonia in the north and Dalmatia in the south. The date of the division is recorded as AD 30. The proximity of dangerous barbarian tribes (Quadi, Marcomanni) necessitated the presence of a large number of troops (seven legions in later times), and numerous fortresses were built on the bank of the Danube.

Question: Would someone in 25 AD be able to say they lived in the province of Dalmatia?
Answer: NO

Question: Would someone in 55 AD be able to say they lived in the province of Dalmatia?
Answer: YES

Question: Would a historian today be certain about the date the province of Dalmatia was created?
Answer: YES
Passage: In sub-Saharan Africa, the lion has been a common character in stories, proverbs and dances, but rarely featured in visual arts. In some cultures, the lion symbolises power and royalty. In the Swahili language, the lion is known as "simba" which also means "aggressive", "king" and "strong". Some rulers had the word "lion" in their nickname. Sundiata Keita of the Mali Empire was called "Lion of Mali". The founder of the Waalo kingdom is said to have been raised by lions and returned to his people part-lion to unite them using the knowledge he learned from the lions.

Question: Does the lion appear more in proverbs or in drawings?
Answer: proverbs

Question: When it comes to dances, how much can the lion's presence be measured?
Answer: common
Passage: In sub-Saharan Africa, the lion has been a common character in stories, proverbs and dances, but has limited presence in the visual arts. In some cultures, the lion symbolises power and royalty. In the Swahili language, the lion is known as "simba" which also means "aggressive", "king" and "strong". Some rulers had the word "lion" in their nickname. Sundiata Keita of the Mali Empire was called "Lion of Mali". The founder of the Waalo kingdom is said to have been raised by lions and returned to his people part-lion to unite them using the knowledge he learned from the lions.

Question: Does the lion appear more in proverbs or in drawings?
Answer: proverbs

Question: When it comes to dances, how much can the lion's presence be measured?
Answer: common