human: Here are two paragraphs about steam locomotives:

"A steam locomotive is a locomotive that provides the force to move itself and other vehicles by means of the expansion of steam. It is fuelled by burning combustible material (usually coal, oil or, rarely, wood) to heat water in the locomotive's boiler to the point where it becomes gaseous and its volume increases 1,700 times. Functionally, it is a steam engine on wheels.

In most locomotives, the steam is admitted alternately to each end of its cylinders in which pistons are mechanically connected to the locomotive's main wheels. Fuel and water supplies are usually carried with the locomotive, either on the locomotive itself or in a tender coupled to it. Variations in this general design include electrically-powered boilers, turbines in place of pistons, and using steam generated externally."

More than two parts that steam locomotives are composed of are mentioned above, give two of them in a bullet point form list.

assistant: Sure, here are two of the mentioned parts of steam locomotives in a bullet point list:

- Cylinders: these are cylindrical components in a locomotive's engine that contain pistons. Steam is admitted into the cylinders alternately from each end, causing the pistons to move back and forth.
- Pistons: these are mechanical connections in a locomotive's engine that move back and forth within the cylinders as steam is admitted, ultimately driving the locomotive's main wheels forward.

Let me know if I can help you with anything else!

human: Give me some information about how and when each part was invented and how they affected the growth of the steam locomotive industry in the 19th century.

assistant: - Steam Engine: The first successful steam engine was built by Thomas Newcomen in 1712, but it was inefficient and used only for pumping water out of mines. In 1765, James Watt patented an improved steam engine that was more efficient and versatile, and it became the basis for steam locomotives in the 19th century.

- Boiler: The boiler is the vessel that contains water and produces steam, which powers the engine. The first boilers were simple and dangerous, often exploding due to high pressure. However, in 1774, John Wilkinson invented the cylindrical boiler, which was safer and more efficient. Later, George Stephenson improved the design with the multitubular boiler, which had multiple tubes for increased heat transfer.

- Piston and Cylinder: The piston is a device that moves back and forth within a cylinder, converting the pressure of steam into mechanical motion. It was invented by Thomas Savery in 1698 and later improved by James Watt. The piston and cylinder were crucial components of the steam engine and enabled the locomotive to move.

- Wheels and Tracks: The first steam locomotives ran on wooden tracks, which were often unstable and required frequent repairs. In 1789, William Jessop developed cast iron rails, which were more durable and reliable. The locomotive wheels were also improved, with flanges added to improve traction and reduce derailments.

- Smokestack: The smokestack is the tall chimney on top of the locomotive that releases exhaust from the boiler. It was invented to improve safety by directing the exhaust away from the crew and passengers. Later, it was also used to improve efficiency by creating a draft that increased combustion and reduced emissions.