laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What healthy lifestyle habits can keep your weight under control with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)?
output: In addition to taking medication, adding healthy habits into your lifestyle can help you keep your weight under control: Eat a high-fiber, low-sugar diet. Load up on fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Avoid processed and fatty foods to keep your blood sugar levels in check. If you're having trouble eating healthy on your own, talk to your doctor or a dietitian. Eat four to six small meals throughout the day, rather than three large meals. This will help control your blood sugar levels. Exercise for at least 30 minutes a day on most, if not all, days of the week.
system: When should clinical trials be considered for nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: If treatment does not work, consider joining a clinical trial. Researchers are always testing new ways to treat cancer, and they need your help. Ask your doctor or nurse if there are any clinical trials on nasopharyngeal cancer in your area.
system: What tests may be done to confirm diagnosis of nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Imaging tests may include: Chest X-ray CT scan MRI Ultrasound of the neck The following tests may also be performed: Complete blood count ( CBC) and other blood tests EBV testing If you are diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer, other tests will be done to determine if and where the cancer has spread. This is called staging.
system: What lifestyle habits increase the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: The risk for NPC goes up if you eat a diet rich in salt-cured fish and meat. Tobacco and alcohol may also increase the risk, although their link to NPC is not clear. Some scientists believe that chemicals in these things further damage the DNA in cells.
system: Can chemotherapy treat nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. By itself, it is not usually helpful for treating nasopharyngeal cancer. But it may help you live longer when combined with radiotherapy or biological drugs.
system: How can you lower the risk of nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Do not drink a lot of alcohol.
system: Can surgery cure nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Surgery to remove the tumor is not often performed because of the tumor's location near nerves and blood vessels. It may cause permanent damage to the eye and other nearby structures. Not all people with nasopharyngeal cancer can have surgery. Your doctor will consider the location and stage of your tumor when discussing your treatment options.
system: What causes nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: However, the cancer has been strongly linked to the Epstein- Barr virus ( EBV).
system: What happens if I am diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: If you are diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer, you will need regular follow-ups with your medical team before, during, and after treatment. Your treatment will depend on many things, including: Location of the tumor Stage of the tumor Your overall health Treatment may include: Radiation Therapy .
system: What populations are most affected by nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Fewer than one in every 100,000 people in the U. S. gets this type of cancer, according to the American Cancer Society. The cancer is most common in southern China and southeast Asia. It is also much more common in: Other parts of Asia North Africa Inuit populations of Alaska and Canada Chinese and Hmong immigrant groups in the U. S. In the U. S., nasopharyngeal cancer has also been seen in African- Americans, Hispanics, and white people.
system: Where is the nasopharynx?
output: The nasopharynx is precariously placed at the base of your skull, above the roof of your mouth. Your nostrils open into the nasopharynx. When you breathe, air flows through your nose into your throat and nasopharynx, and eventually into your lungs.
system: What is another name for nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Nasopharyngeal cancer is also called nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC).
system: What happens if my exam for nasopharyngeal cancer is abnormal?
output: If the exam is abnormal, your doctor may recommend a biopsy. A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue for examination under a microscope. A biopsy may be taken during the nasopharyngoscopy. If there is a lump in your neck, the biopsy may be done by placing a very thin, hollow needle into the lump.
system: How is chemotherapy used to treat nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. By itself, it is not usually helpful for treating nasopharyngeal cancer. But it may help you live longer when combined with radiotherapy or biological drugs.
system: How is radiation therapy used to treat nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Radiation therapy uses X-rays to kill cancer cells and stop them from growing. It is usually part of the standard treatment for early stage nasopharyngeal cancer. One type called IMRT delivers high-dose radiation directly to the tumor while minimizing damage to nearby healthy tissue. It may cause fewer side effects or complications than conventional radiation treatment to the nasopharynx, which can lead to: dry mouth inflammation of the lining of your mouth and throat blindness brain stem injury death of healthy tissue tooth decay Chemotherapy.
system: How is nasopharyngeal cancer treated?
output: If you are diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer, you will need regular follow-ups with your medical team before, during, and after treatment. Your treatment will depend on many things, including: Location of the tumor Stage of the tumor Your overall health Treatment may include: Radiation Therapy .
system: What tests are used to diagnose nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Imaging tests can help spot nasopharyngeal cancer or determine if it has spread. Imaging tests may include: Chest X-ray CT scan MRI Ultrasound of the neck The following tests may also be performed: Complete blood count ( CBC) and other blood tests EBV testing If you are diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer, other tests will be done to determine if and where the cancer has spread.
system: How can clinical trials help with nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: If treatment does not work, consider joining a clinical trial. Researchers are always testing new ways to treat cancer, and they need your help. Ask your doctor or nurse if there are any clinical trials on nasopharyngeal cancer in your area.
system: Who is more likely to get nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: You are more likely to get this type of cancer if you: Are male Eat a diet rich in salt-cured fish and meats Have a family history of nasopharyngeal cancer Have certain genes linked to cancer development Have come in contact with EBV Some, but not all, studies have found a higher risk of nasopharyngeal cancer in people who: Smoke Drink a lot of alcohol Work around wood dust or a chemical called formaldehyde Symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer may include: Lump in neck (most common) Blurry or double vision Ear infections that recur Face pain or numbness Headache Hearing loss, ringing in the ears, or a feeling of fullness in the ear Difficulty opening mouth Nosebleeds Stuffy nose Sore throat Keep in mind, such symptoms are more likely to occur with many other diseases and health conditions that are far less serious than nasopharyngeal cancer.
system: What increases the risk for nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: The risk for NPC goes up if you eat a diet rich in salt-cured fish and meat. Tobacco and alcohol may also increase the risk, although their link to NPC is not clear. Some scientists believe that chemicals in these things further damage the DNA in cells.
system: Who gets nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Fewer than one in every 100,000 people in the U. S. gets this type of cancer, according to the American Cancer Society. The cancer is most common in southern China and southeast Asia. It is also much more common in: Other parts of Asia North Africa Inuit populations of Alaska and Canada Chinese and Hmong immigrant groups in the U. S. In the U. S., nasopharyngeal cancer has also been seen in African- Americans, Hispanics, and white people.
system: What happens if you are diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Imaging tests may include: Chest X-ray CT scan MRI Ultrasound of the neck The following tests may also be performed: Complete blood count ( CBC) and other blood tests EBV testing If you are diagnosed with nasopharyngeal cancer, other tests will be done to determine if and where the cancer has spread. This is called staging.
system: What is a nasopharyngoscopy?
output: A flexible, lighted tube may be placed through your mouth or nose to help the doctor better view the nasopharynx. If the exam is abnormal, your doctor may recommend a biopsy.
system: How is Epstein-Barr virus linked to nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare type of head and neck cancer. Although EBV infection is common, not everyone who has EBV will get nasopharyngeal cancer. In the U. S., most people who have had an EBV infection never have long-term problems. Scientists are still researching how EBV leads to nasopharyngeal cancer, but it may be related to genetic material ( DNA) from the virus affecting the DNA in the cells of the nasopharynx. The change in DNA causes cells to grow and divide abnormally, causing cancer. Biologic drugs affect how your body's immune system fights disease.
system: What is nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Most patients with nasopharyngeal cancer have a lump in the neck. This is called a nasopharyngoscopy. It is usually part of the standard treatment for early stage nasopharyngeal cancer.
system: Does everyone who get Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) get nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare type of head and neck cancer. Although EBV infection is common, not everyone who has EBV will get nasopharyngeal cancer. In the U. S., most people who have had an EBV infection never have long-term problems. Scientists are still researching how EBV leads to nasopharyngeal cancer, but it may be related to genetic material ( DNA) from the virus affecting the DNA in the cells of the nasopharynx. The change in DNA causes cells to grow and divide abnormally, causing cancer. Biologic drugs affect how your body's immune system fights disease.
system: What happens if your exam for nasopharyngeal cancer is abnormal?
output: Most patients with nasopharyngeal cancer have a lump in the neck. A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue for examination under a microscope. A biopsy may be taken during the nasopharyngoscopy.
system: What biologic drugs are used to treat nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: You are more likely to get this type of cancer if you: Are male Eat a diet rich in salt-cured fish and meats Have a family history of nasopharyngeal cancer Have certain genes linked to cancer development Have come in contact with EBV Some, but not all, studies have found a higher risk of nasopharyngeal cancer in people who: Smoke Drink a lot of alcohol Work around wood dust or a chemical called formaldehyde Symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer may include: Lump in neck (most common) Blurry or double vision Ear infections that recur Face pain or numbness Headache Hearing loss, ringing in the ears, or a feeling of fullness in the ear Difficulty opening mouth Nosebleeds Stuffy nose Sore throat Keep in mind, such symptoms are more likely to occur with many other diseases and health conditions that are far less serious than nasopharyngeal cancer. But it may help you live longer when combined with radiotherapy or biological drugs. Biologic drugs. Biologic drugs affect how your body's immune system fights disease. They include monoclonal antibodies such as cetuximab ( Erbitux), pembrolizumab ( Keytruda), and nivolumab ( Opdivo). Clinical trials .
system: How is palliative therapy used to treat nasopharyngeal cancer?
output: Nasopharyngeal cancer is a rare type of head and neck cancer. Palliative therapy. The goal of palliative treatment is to control symptoms related to cancer and cancer treatment and make you as comfortable as possible.
system: Having rheumatoid arthritis increases the odds of getting what types of cancer?
output: RA itself increases your odds of getting some types of cancer, like lymphoma. Scientists looked into whether RA drugs play a role in that increased risk. They found that chronic inflammation, not medication, is probably to blame. Some biologics may even keep cancer at bay because they keep inflammation in check.
system: What is the link between drugs and melanoma?
output: Another found that taking anti- TNFs was linked to a lower risk of cancer than taking DMARDs alone. You might have a slightly higher chance of getting blood cancer, but not much. Researchers also checked the link between anti- TNFs and melanoma, the most lethal form of skin cancer. Once again, they found no connection.
system: What is the link between rheumatoid arthritis and getting cancer again?
output: Another study gives reassurance if you have RA and a history of cancer. Scientists looked at whether anti- TNFs or rituximab boosted cancer cases. The good news: The drugs don't seem to raise your odds of getting cancer again.
system: What type of drugs are biologics?
output: These drugs, which are sometimes called TNF inhibitors or TNF blockers, are biologics like: Adalimumab ( Humira) Adalimumab-atto ( Amjevita), a biosimilar to Humira Certolizumab ( Cimzia) Etanercept ( Enbrel) Etanercept-szzs ( Erelzi) a biosimilar to Enbrel Golimumab ( Simponi, Simponi Aria) Infliximab ( Remicade) Infliximab-abda ( Renflexis), a biosimilar to Remicade Infliximab-dyyb ( Inflectra), a biosimilar to Remicade Recent studies show they may slightly raise your chance of getting nonmelanoma skin cancers.
system: What is the first treatment often used for rheumatoid arthritis and its risk for cancer?
output: Methotrexate is often the first treatment given to people with RA. But it could make you more likely to get some cancers, especially skin cancer.
system: What do some studies show in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and their link to cancer?
output: One study found methotrexate may be tied to melanoma, non- Hodgkin's lymphoma, and lung cancer. A second found that if you have RA and had a nonmelanoma growth in the past, you might have a greater chance of getting nonmelanoma skin cancer. The risk may be even higher if you take methotrexate with a TNF inhibitor. Two other DMARDs that are sometimes used to treat RA -- cyclophosphamide and azathioprine -- may also be tied to certain cancers.
system: What is the link between rheumatoid arthritis drugs and cancer?
output: Years ago, some early research found that certain rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) drugs, especially ones called biologics, might make you more likely to get cancer. But a number of recent studies show that in general, this isn't the case.
system: What should a patient do if they are concerned about cancer?
output: Don't let fear of cancer stop you from taking the RA treatment your doctor suggests, especially given the benefits these drugs offer. Be sure to ask about the pros and cons of taking a recommended drug, as well as the risks and benefits of not taking it.
system: What are good habits to practice if you have Crohn's disease?
output: Regular exercise can also help you feel better. So can other simple activities. Try the following: Throughout the day, pay attention to your breathing and slow it down. Take time to be outdoors. Meditate, pray, or practice yoga. Spend time with positive people whose company you enjoy.
system: How can you seek support if you have Crohn's disease?
output: You can have some tough days with Crohn's or any other long-term condition. So ask for help and support. Family, friends, and neighbors are often willing to step up. Sometimes they're not sure how to do that. So if someone says, â Let me know if I can do anything,â give them some ideas about what would be helpful. You might like to talk to others with Crohn's disease. Look into online and local support groups. Ask your doctor or nurse about resources in your area.
system: How can you get help if Crohn's disease makes you feel anxious or down?
output: Your family and close friends might also be able to recommend someone. You may also want to look for a support group, where you can talk to people who can relate to what you're going through. If it turns out that you have a medical condition like depression or anxiety, your doctor may recommend medication to help with those symptoms.
system: How can you nourish yourself if you have Crohn's disease?
output: Crohn's disease may make it harder for your body to take in calories and important nutrients. At times, your doctor may recommend that you add to your diet. He may suggest that you take supplements. These may be high-calorie drinks loaded with vitamins. You may also need to take specific vitamins, like B12 or D, or certain minerals like iron or calcium. You could also ask your doctor if it would help for you to work with a nutritionist.
system: How can bringing a buddy to doctor visits help you manage Crohn's disease?
output: Your family and close friends might also be able to recommend someone. Sometimes they're not sure how to do that. Since you'll need to follow all medical instructions, ask for them in writing if it helps you remember.
system: Do you need tube feedings for severe Crohn's disease?
output: When this happens, your doctor uses what's called a nasogastric tube, which goes in your nose and stomach. If the nasogastric tube isn't an option, the doctor may place a tube directly into your stomach through a cut in your belly. This rarely happens, and in either case tube feeding is almost always temporary. These may help ease some of your symptoms.
system: Can you manage Crohn's disease symptoms on your own?
output: To treat your Crohn's disease, your doctor will recommend what medicines to take and whether you might need surgery. Regular exercise can also help you feel better.
system: When do I need neuropsychological tests?
output: Neuropsychology looks at how the health of your brain affects your thinking skills and behavior. You usually take a neurological test when you have a noticeable change in your thinking or memory. They help doctors figure out whether your problems are caused by any of the following: Disease, such as Alzheimer's Brain injury Emotional disorders, such as depression or anxiety Normal brain changes related to getting older It is especially important for doctors to find out about thinking problems in cases where the patient has a movement disorder, such as Parkinson's disease.
system: What are some examples of neuropsychological tests?
output: They're called neuropsychological tests. Neuropsychology looks at how the health of your brain affects your thinking skills and behavior. For instance, if you see a picture of a dog and a cat, you might answer that they're both animals or that they are both pets. Verbal communication test: Name some items as the person giving the test points at them. Motor tests: These might include tasks such as inserting pegs into a pegboard using one hand and then the other. You might also be given tests to see how your hearing and vision affect your thinking and memory.
system: What happens after my neuropsychological testing?
output: Neuropsychology looks at how the health of your brain affects your thinking skills and behavior. The treatment plan could include more medical tests, such as a CT or MRI scan of your brain. Treatment might also include counseling if the diagnosis is depression. Whatever the results are, they will become part of your permanent medical history. They will be helpful in understanding your current health picture and your future medical needs, too.
system: How should I prepare for neuropsychological tests?
output: Neuropsychology looks at how the health of your brain affects your thinking skills and behavior. There are a few things you should do before the test, however: Get a good night's sleep, since being tired affects how you think. Eat a good breakfast. Don't drink anything with alcohol in it the night before the test. Ask your doctor about whether you can take any medications, including sleep medicine, the night before. Tell the psychologist about any previous psychological tests you've taken. You or a loved one should bring a list of all your medications. If you have trouble answering questions about your medical history or symptoms, bring someone along who can.
system: What areas are covered by neuropsychological testing?
output: Neuropsychology looks at how the health of your brain affects your thinking skills and behavior. These tests help your doctors look at your attention span and how well you concentrate on things. Other areas covered by neuropsychological testing include: Your ability to think, understand, learn, and remember (cognition) Memory Motor function (walking, coordination, etc.)
system: What are neuropsychological tests?
output: If you're having trouble concentrating or making decisions, some simple tests might be helpful in figuring out what's wrong. They may also be done on a computer. You might also be given tests to see how your hearing and vision affect your thinking and memory. You usually take a neurological test when you have a noticeable change in your thinking or memory.
system: How can I prevent ulcers?
output: Researchers are trying to develop a vaccine to prevent infection.
system: What are tips to help prevent ulcers, or to help them heal?
output: Some helpful tips to prevent or allow healing of ulcers include: Avoid foods that irritate your stomach. Use common sense: If it upsets your stomach when you eat it, avoid it. Everyone is different, but spicy foods, citrus fruits, and fatty foods are common irritants. Stop smoking. Take nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDS including aspirin and ibuprofen) with food, as this may decrease your risk of irritating the lining of your stomach Learn how to control your stress levels.
system: How can lupus lead to elbow pain?
output: Lupus: This is another illness where your immune system attacks healthy parts of your body, including your joints and organs. It more commonly affects your hands and feet, but it can cause problems in your elbow.
system: How can trapped nerves lead to elbow pain?
output: Trapped nerves: You might be familiar with carpal tunnel syndrome, where a nerve that passes through your wrist gets squeezed and causes some wrist and arm issues. You can have similar problems in your elbow. If you have cubital tunnel syndrome, one of the main nerves in your arm (the ulnar nerve) gets squeezed as it runs along the inside of your elbow and passes through tissue called the cubital tunnel. You may have burning or numbness in your hand, arm, and fingers. If you have radial tunnel syndrome, you have a similar issue with the radial nerve as it passes through the radial tunnel near the outside of your elbow. You may have burning or numbness on your outside forearm and elbow.
system: How can bursitis lead to elbow pain?
output: Bursitis: Often caused by repeating the same motion over and over, you can also get bursitis from an accident or infection. Bursa are small sacs with fluid in them. You have them in your joints to help cushion your bones, tendons, and muscles. They also help skin slide over bone. But they can get swollen and cause you pain. Often, bursitis is simply treated with pain medicine and starts to get better within a few weeks.
system: How can arthritis cause elbow pain?
output: Arthritis: Many types of arthritis can affect your elbow, but the main ones are rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis is the most common type of arthritis in the elbow. When you have it, your immune system attacks your body's healthy tissue and causes swelling in your joints. You get osteoarthritis when your elbow cartilage breaks down over time, which means the bones rub together and cause pain and stiffness.