laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What complications can happen after a colostomy?
output: But if you had to have a large piece of the bowel removed, you may need the stoma for good. If the opening is too big, stool can leak out. Doctors call this a prolapse. You may need surgery to fix it.
system: What medications can you use to treat occipital neuralgia?
output: If those don't help, your doctor may prescribe medications for you, including: Prescription muscle relaxants Antiseizure drugs, such as carbamazepine ( Tegretol) and gabapentin ( Neurontin) Antidepressants Nerve blocks and steroid shots. The nerve block that your doctor might do to diagnose your condition can be a short-term treatment, too. It may take two to three shots over several weeks to get control of your pain. It's not uncommon for the problem to return at some point and to need another series of injections.
system: How is occipital neuralgia diagnosed?
output: Some medical conditions are linked to it, including: Trauma to the back of the head Neck tension or tight neck muscles Osteoarthritis Tumors in the neck Cervical disc disease Infection Gout Diabetes Blood vessel inflammation Your doctor will ask you questions about your medical history and about any injuries you've had. She'll do a physical exam, too. She'll press firmly around the back of your head to see if she can reproduce your pain. She may also give you a shot to numb the nerve, called a nerve block, to see if it gives you relief. If it works, occipital neuralgia is likely the cause of the pain. You might also have blood tests or an MRI scan if your doctor thinks your case isn't typical.
system: How can I relieve pain from occipital neuralgia?
output: The first thing you'll want to do is to relieve your pain. You can try to: Apply heat to your neck.
system: How can you relieve pain from occipital neuralgia?
output: The first thing you'll want to do is to relieve your pain. You can try to: Apply heat to your neck.
system: What is occipital neuralgia?
output: Other symptoms include: Aching, burning, and throbbing pain that typically starts at the base of the head and goes to the scalp Pain on one or both sides of the head Pain behind the eye Sensitivity to light Tender scalp Pain when you move your neck Occipital neuralgia happens when there's pressure or irritation to your occipital nerves, maybe because of an injury, tight muscles that entrap the nerves, or inflammation.
system: What are the causes of occipital neuralgia?
output: Other symptoms include: Aching, burning, and throbbing pain that typically starts at the base of the head and goes to the scalp Pain on one or both sides of the head Pain behind the eye Sensitivity to light Tender scalp Pain when you move your neck Occipital neuralgia happens when there's pressure or irritation to your occipital nerves, maybe because of an injury, tight muscles that entrap the nerves, or inflammation. Many times, doctors can't find a cause for it.
system: What are the symptoms of occipital neuralgia?
output: Occipital neuralgia can cause intense pain that feels like a sharp, jabbing, electric shock in the back of the head and neck. Other symptoms include: Aching, burning, and throbbing pain that typically starts at the base of the head and goes to the scalp Pain on one or both sides of the head Pain behind the eye Sensitivity to light Tender scalp Pain when you move your neck Occipital neuralgia happens when there's pressure or irritation to your occipital nerves, maybe because of an injury, tight muscles that entrap the nerves, or inflammation.
system: What are symptoms of occipital neuralgia?
output: Occipital neuralgia can cause intense pain that feels like a sharp, jabbing, electric shock in the back of the head and neck. Other symptoms include: Aching, burning, and throbbing pain that typically starts at the base of the head and goes to the scalp Pain on one or both sides of the head Pain behind the eye Sensitivity to light Tender scalp Pain when you move your neck Occipital neuralgia happens when there's pressure or irritation to your occipital nerves, maybe because of an injury, tight muscles that entrap the nerves, or inflammation.
system: How does occipital neuralgia happen?
output: Other symptoms include: Aching, burning, and throbbing pain that typically starts at the base of the head and goes to the scalp Pain on one or both sides of the head Pain behind the eye Sensitivity to light Tender scalp Pain when you move your neck Occipital neuralgia happens when there's pressure or irritation to your occipital nerves, maybe because of an injury, tight muscles that entrap the nerves, or inflammation. Many times, doctors can't find a cause for it.
system: What is the outlook of occipital neuralgia?
output: Occipital neuralgia is not a life-threatening condition. Most people get good pain relief by resting and taking medication. But if you still hurt, tell your doctor. She'll want to see if there's another problem that's causing your pain.
system: Is occipital neuralgia similar to a migraine?
output: People can confuse it with a migraine or other types of headache, because the symptoms can be similar. But treatments for those conditions are very different, so it's important to see your doctor to get the right diagnosis.
system: What does surgery for occipital neuralgia include?
output: She may also give you a shot to numb the nerve, called a nerve block, to see if it gives you relief. You might also have blood tests or an MRI scan if your doctor thinks your case isn't typical. The nerve block that your doctor might do to diagnose your condition can be a short-term treatment, too. Your doctor uses a device called a neurostimulator to deliver electrical pulses to your occipital nerves. They can help block pain messages to the brain.
system: How can medications help with generalized anxiety disorder?
output: Medication for Anxiety Medication is useful for alleviating the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and is often prescribed in conjunction with other therapies. Some types of anxiety drugs can be habit-forming and are usually prescribed on a short-term or as-needed basis. Different anxiety disorders have different medication regimens. Some are preventive and some are designed to cure the problem.
system: How can deep breathing help treat generalized anxiety disorder?
output: Since anxiety is often accompanied by shallow breathing, deep breathing exercises can also be helpful. Try the following form of yoga breathing: Lie on your back in a comfortable place. Breathe in slowly through your nose, using your diaphragm to suck air into your lungs while allowing your abdomen to expand. ( Put your hand on your abdomen just below the navel to make sure the abdomen is being pushed up and out by the diaphragm.) After the abdomen is expanded, continue to inhale as deeply as possible. When you breathe out, reverse the process: Contract the abdomen while exhaling slowly and completely. Repeat several times.
system: What does therapy for generalized anxiety disorder involve?
output: Therapy for Anxiety Psychotherapy, with or without medication, is often considered a fundamental aspect of treatment for generalized anxiety disorder. Several specific forms of psychotherapy have been described in research studies as helpful for alleviating the symptoms of GAD. Two -- psychodynamic psychotherapy and supportive-expressive therapy -- focus on anxiety as an outgrowth of feelings about important relationships. Another form of psychotherapy, called cognitive-behavioral therapy, involves learning behavioral relaxation techniques as well as restructuring patterns of thinking that foster anxiety. Biofeedback is another helpful tool. In a series of sessions with a therapist, you watch your own brain-wave patterns on an electroencephalograph and gradually learns to control the waves. This teaches you to achieve a more relaxed state at will. Practitioners estimate that after about a dozen sessions, you will be able to exert control over mental activity without the help of the therapist or monitoring instrument.
system: How can relaxing visualization help with generalized anxiety disorder?
output: Relaxing visualization can also help. A therapist or meditation trainer suggests relaxing images for a person to hold in mind. Once the image is in place, the person imagines soothing sensations such as pleasant scents and sounds. Eventually people can learn to do this themselves when they anticipate -- or find themselves in -- stressful situations.
system: How do I know if I have generalized anxiety disorder?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The first step is to rule out the possibility that your symptoms are being caused by a medical condition that is not psychiatric. Among the conditions that produce symptoms similar to those of anxiety are hyperthyroidism or other endocrine problems, too much or too little calcium, low blood sugar, and certain heart problems. Certain medicines also can sometimes cause anxiety. A thorough evaluation by your health care provider will determine if any of these conditions are the cause of your symptoms. If no other medical culprit can be found and the symptoms seem out of proportion to any situation you are facing, you may be diagnosed with an anxiety disorder.
system: How are antidepressants used to treat generalized anxiety disorder?
output: Antidepressants, particularly the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs), are widely used to treat and prevent a variety of anxiety disorders. Examples of SSRIs that are commonly used to treat chronic anxiety include citalopram ( Celexa), escitalopram ( Lexapro), fluoxetine ( Prozac), paroxetine ( Paxil), and sertraline ( Zoloft). The antidepressants duloxetine ( Cymbalta) and venlafaxine ( Effexor), SNRIs (serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors) which act on the brain chemicals serotonin and norephinephrine, and some of the tricyclic antidepressants like imipramine ( Tofranil), may also help. Antihistamines (such as hydroxyzine) and beta-blockers (such as propranolol) can help mild cases of anxiety as well as performance anxiety, a type of social anxiety disorder. Antidepressants such as SSRIs or SNRIs or tricyclics need to be taken daily whether or not you have anxiety on that particular day, as prescribed by your health care provider. Antihistamines or beta-blockers are usually taken only when needed for anxiety, or immediately before an anxiety-provoking event (for example, taking propranolol shortly before giving a speech). Finally, certain anticonvulsant medicines, such as gabapentin ( Neurontin) and pregabalin ( Lyrica), are also beginning to show value in treating some forms of anxiety in initial research studies If you have acute anxiety (panic attack), you will likely need to take an anti-anxiety medicine as well.
system: What is progressive relaxation for generalized anxiety disorder?
output: Biofeedback is another helpful tool. When this part of the body is relaxed, another part of the body is tensed and relaxed until the entire body is free of tension.
system: Whatâs the best way to deal with dental anxiety?
output: The key to coping with dental anxiety is to discuss your fears with your dentist. Once your dentist knows what your fears are, he or she will be better able to work with you to determine the best ways to make you less anxious and more comfortable. If your dentist doesn't take your fear seriously, find another dentist. Ask your dentist to explain what's happening at every stage of the procedure. Another helpful strategy is to establish a signal -- such as raising your hand -- when you want the dentist to immediately stop. Use this signal whenever you are uncomfortable, need to rinse your mouth, or simply need to catch your breath.
system: What is dental phobia, and what are some signs of it?
output: It leaves people panic-stricken and terrified. People with dental phobia have an awareness that the fear is totally irrational, but are unable to do much about it. They exhibit classic avoidance behavior; that is, they will do everything possible to avoid going to the dentist. Other signs of dental phobia include: Trouble sleeping the night before the dental exam Feelings of nervousness that escalate while in the dental office waiting room Crying or feeling physically ill at the very thought of visiting the dentist Intense uneasiness at the thought of, or actually when, objects are placed in your mouth during the dental treatment or suddenly feeling like it is difficult to breathe Fortunately, there are ways to get people with dental anxiety and dental phobia to the dentist.
system: How long is a sinus infection contagious?
output: If a virus is to blame, you may have been contagious days before you got the sinus infection. Most viruses can be spread for just a few days, but sometimes you could pass it on for a week or more.
system: How are viral sinus infections spread?
output: You can get it the same way you get cold and flu -- by breathing it in or passing it from your hands to your mouth after touching something. Viruses get in the air after someone who is sick sneezes or coughs. They also can be passed on when someone shakes hands with someone who is sick or touches a doorknob or anything else the sick person has touched.
system: Can you spread sinus infections caused by a virus?
output: Most sinus infections are brought on by a virus. If that's what happened to you, then yes, you can spread the virus that caused it but not the infection itself. Another person might get sick but may or may not get a sinus infection. Most of the time, these kinds of viruses cause colds, which may or may not lead to sinus infections.
system: Can long-lasting sinus infections be spread by contact?
output: If your infection is caused by bacteria, you can't spread it. You may not know what is causing your sinusitis, so it's best to avoid close contact with other people and to make an appointment with your doctor. Viruses get in the air after someone who is sick sneezes or coughs.
system: Is a sinus infection contagious?
output: It can also make you cough and produce a lot of discharge. That may make you wonder if you could pass it on to someone else. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } The answer is sort of. But it really depends on what caused it. And often you just don't know. You can get it the same way you get cold and flu -- by breathing it in or passing it from your hands to your mouth after touching something.
system: What  lifestyle changed can treat high blood pressure?
output: A critical step in preventing and treating high blood pressure is a healthy lifestyle. You can lower your blood pressure with the following lifestyle changes: Losing weight if you are overweight or obese Quitting smoking Eating a healthy diet, including the DASH diet (eating more fruits, vegetables, and low fat dairy products, less saturated and total fat) Reducing the amount of sodium in your diet to less than 1,500 milligrams a day if you have high blood pressure; healthy adults should try to limit their sodium intake to no more 2,300 milligrams a day (about 1 teaspoon of salt).
system: What is medical treatment for a rotator cuff tendon rupture?
output: More than 90% of tendon injuries are long term in nature, and 33-90% of these chronic rupture symptoms go away without surgery. In contrast, acute rupture, as occurs with trauma, may or may not be repaired surgically depending on the severity of the tear. If the tear is either less than 50% of the cuff thickness or less than 1 cm in size, the dead tissue is removed arthroscopically. A small incision is made and a tool called an arthroscope is passed into the joint. Through it, the surgeon can see and remove dead tissue without actually cutting the joint open. The shoulder is then left to heal.
system: When should you get medical care about a ruptured tendon?
output: Call a doctor if you hear or feel a snap or pop, have severe pain, rapid or immediate bruising after an accident, and are unable to use the affected arm or leg. You may have a tendon rupture.
system: What is medical treatment for a bicep tendon rupture?
output: Biceps Most surgeons prefer not to operate on a ruptured biceps tendon because function is not severely impaired with its rupture. Studies suggest that after biceps rupture, only a small fraction of elbow flexion is lost and approximately 10%-20% strength reduction in supination (ability to turn the hand palm up). This is considered to be a moderate loss and not worth the risk of surgery in middle-aged and older people.
system: What tests can be done to diagnose bicep tendon ruptures?
output: Biceps X-rays may show that your upper arm bone is out of place or that the place where the muscle attaches has changed. If your biceps tendon is completely ruptured, the biceps retracts toward the elbow causing a swelling just above the crease in your arm. This is called the Popeye deformity. You will experience decreased strength of elbow flexion and arm supination (moving the hand palm up). You will have decreased ability to raise the arm out to the side when the hand is turned palm up.
system: What are signs or symptoms of a tendon rupture?
output: Rotator cuff tendon rupture may be caused by: Lifting a heavy object overhead Direct trauma Attempting to break a fall with an outstretched hand Biceps tendon rupture may result from: Forced flexion of the arm Lifting 150 pounds or more (traumatic rupture) Advanced age resulting in gradual weakening of the tendon May occur spontaneously An injury that is associated with the following signs or symptoms may be a tendon rupture: A snap or pop you hear or feel Severe pain Rapid or immediate bruising Marked weakness Inability to use the affected arm or leg Inability to move the area involved Inability to bear weight Deformity of the area Symptoms associated with specific injuries include the following: Achilles tendon rupture: You will be unable to support yourself on your tiptoes on the affected leg (you may be able to flex your toes downward because supporting muscles are intact).
system: When is surgery recommended for a rotator cuff tendon rupture?
output: Rotator cuff Many surgeons will not attempt surgical repair until nonoperative treatment has failed, even in cases of larger tears. Surgical treatment is usually reserved for a severe tear in a young person or in an older person (aged 60-70 years) who is suddenly unable to externally rotate their arm.
system: What is the biceps tendon?
output: The rotator cuff tendon is one of the most common areas in the body affected by tendon injury. Some studies of people after death have shown that 8% to 20% have rotator cuff tears. Biceps The biceps muscle of the arm functions as a flexor of the elbow. This muscle brings the hand toward the shoulder by bending at the elbow. Ruptures of the biceps are classified as proximal (close) or distal (far). Distal ruptures are extremely rare. The proximal rupture occurs where the biceps attaches at the top of your shoulder.
system: What tests can be done to diagnose a quadricep tendon rupture?
output: Tendon rupture is usually diagnosed using a physical examination. Any imaging is done to confirm the diagnosis and decide the severity of the rupture Quadriceps X-rays often show that your patella (kneecap) is lower than its normal position on a side view of the knee. Using an MRI, your doctor can tell whether your rupture is partial or complete.
system: What are general causes of tendon rupture?
output: General causes of tendon rupture include: Direct trauma Advanced age. When your muscle contracts while it is being stretched in the opposite direction, increased stress is placed on the involved tendon. Antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones increase the risk for tendon rupture, particularly the Achilles tendon. The drawback of nonoperative treatment is that strength is not as reliably returned to baseline with this type of treatment.
system: What are the self-care guidelines for ruptured tendons?
output: Self- Care at Home For all ruptured tendons, regardless of the site, follow the standard RICE ( Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevation) home therapy procedure as you seek medical attention. Compression of the affected area to minimize swelling Apply compression by loosely wrapping the affected area with an ACE bandage. Be sure that the bandage does not cut off blood flow to the area in question. Elevation of the extremity if possible Try to keep the area above the level of your heart to minimize swelling.
system: What is the outlook for a ruptured tendon?
output: The proximal rupture occurs where the biceps attaches at the top of your shoulder. Because you know your body the best, if something appears to be serious to you, it is usually the best course to be conservative and have an evaluation. Surgical repair, in concert with additional physical therapy, can result in return to normal strength. The drawback of nonoperative treatment is that strength is not as reliably returned to baseline with this type of treatment. The benefits include a decreased risk of infection and generally shorter recovery time.
system: What may cause quadriceps tendon rupture?
output: The 4 most common areas of tendon rupture include: Quadriceps A group of 4 muscles that come together just above your kneecap (patella) to form the patellar tendon. When your muscle contracts while it is being stretched in the opposite direction, increased stress is placed on the involved tendon. Quadriceps tendon rupture may be caused by: Direct trauma to the knee just above the patella (kneecap) Advanced age resulting in decreased blood supply to the inside of the tendon Combination of quadriceps contraction and stretching of the muscle (eccentric loading) Achilles tendon rupture may result from: Advanced age resulting in decreased blood supply to the inside of the tendon Strenuous physical activity by those who are not well conditioned Direct trauma Unexpected forcing of the sole of your foot upward as in landing on your feet after jumping from a height Excessive strain while pushing off with the weight-bearing foot Having group O blood type ( This is a controversial cause-and-effect relationship.)
system: What may cause a rotator cuff rupture?
output: General causes of tendon rupture include: Direct trauma Advanced age. You may have a tendon rupture.
system: What is medical treatment for a quadricep or achilles tendon rupture?
output: Medical Treatment Quadriceps Partial tears may be treated without surgery by placing your straight leg in a cast or immobilizer for 4-6 weeks. Achilles tendon Treatment without surgery involves immobilizing your foot so that the sole of the foot is pointed downward for 4-8 weeks. medical problems. An additional advantage with surgical correction is a lower rerupture rate of the tendon.
system: What may cause biceps tendon rupture?
output: As you age, your blood supply decreases. You may have a tendon rupture. patellar tendon rupture, Achilles tendon rupture, rotator cuff rupture, biceps tendon rupture, ruptured tendon
system: What is the quadriceps tendon?
output: The 4 most common areas of tendon rupture include: Quadriceps A group of 4 muscles that come together just above your kneecap (patella) to form the patellar tendon. Often called the quads, this group of muscles is used to extend the leg at the knee and aids in walking, running, and jumping. The rotator cuff tendon is one of the most common areas in the body affected by tendon injury.