laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What are the symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } GAD affects the way a person thinks, but the anxiety can lead to physical symptoms, as well. Symptoms of GAD can include: Excessive, ongoing worry and tension An unrealistic view of problems Restlessness or a feeling of being "edgy" Irritability Muscle tension Headaches Sweating Difficulty concentrating Nausea The need to go to the bathroom frequently Tiredness Trouble falling or staying asleep Trembling Being easily startled In addition, people with GAD often have other anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder or phobias), obsessive-compulsive disorder, clinical depression, or additional problems with drug or alcohol misuse.
system: Can people with generalized anxiety disorders have other disorders?
output: Symptoms of GAD can include: Excessive, ongoing worry and tension An unrealistic view of problems Restlessness or a feeling of being "edgy" Irritability Muscle tension Headaches Sweating Difficulty concentrating Nausea The need to go to the bathroom frequently Tiredness Trouble falling or staying asleep Trembling Being easily startled In addition, people with GAD often have other anxiety disorders (such as panic disorder or phobias), obsessive-compulsive disorder, clinical depression, or additional problems with drug or alcohol misuse.
system: Are there side effects of generalized anxiety disorder treatment?
output: Dependency on sedative-hypnotic medications (benzodiazepines) is a potential complication of treatment if those medications are used on an ongoing basis. Side effects of antidepressants that treat GAD vary by specific drug and the person taking them. Common side effects can include sleepiness, weight gain, nausea, and sexual problems.
system: Do environmental factors cause generalized anxiety disorder?
output: Environmental factors: Trauma and stressful events, such as abuse, the death of a loved one, divorce, changing jobs or schools, may contribute to GAD. GAD also may become worse during periods of stress. The use of and withdrawal from addictive substances, including alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine, can also worsen anxiety.
system: How does cognitive-behavioral therapy treat generalized anxiety disorder?
output: Cognitive-behavioral therapy: People suffering from anxiety disorders often participate in this type of therapy, in which you learn to recognize and change thought patterns and behaviors that lead to anxious feelings. This type of therapy helps limit distorted thinking by looking at worries more realistically.
system: Can you prevent generalized anxiety disorder?
output: It most often begins in childhood or adolescence, but can begin in adulthood. However, there are some things that you can do to control or lessen symptoms, including: Stop or reduce your consumption of products that contain caffeine, such as coffee, tea, cola, and chocolate. Ask your doctor or pharmacist before taking any over-the-counter drugs or herbal remedies. Many contain chemicals that can increase anxiety symptoms. Exercise daily and eat a healthy, balanced diet. Seek counseling and support after a traumatic or disturbing experience. Practice stress management techniques like yoga or meditation.
system: What are the main types of cardiomyopathy?
output: There are three main types of cardiomyopathy: Dilated cardiomyopathy Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Ischemic cardiomyopathy Restrictive cardiomyopathy
system: What is cardiomyopathy?
output: Cardiomyopathy, or heart muscle disease, is a type of progressive heart disease in which the heart is abnormally enlarged, thickened, and/or stiffened. As a result, the heart muscle's ability to pump blood is less efficient, often causing heart failure and the backup of blood into the lungs or rest of the body. The disease can also cause abnormal heart rhythms.
system: Are there side effects of the nasal spray flu vaccine?
output: Adults could have a runny nose, headache, sore throat, and cough. But grownups don't usually have a fever. Just like the shot, the spray will not cause the flu.
system: How does the nasal spray flu vaccine work?
output: The spray causes your immune system to make proteins in your blood and in your nose that help you fight the virus. Your nose is where the flu virus normally enters your body.
system: Which people should not get the nasal spray flu vaccine?
output: These people should not get nasal spray vaccine: Pregnant women Children under 2 years old Adults 50 or older Children under 5 who wheeze or have asthma Children or teens who take aspirin Anyone with allergies to the flu vaccine of any of its ingredients People with chronic heart or lung disease, like asthma or restrictive airways disease Those who have diabetes or kidney failure Anyone with a weakened immune system People who've had Guillain- Barre syndrome, a rare nervous system problem, within 6 weeks of getting a flu vaccine Yes.
system: Is the nasal spray flu vaccine safe for everyone?
output: The CDC says it's OK to get it if you're healthy, between the ages 2 to 49, and not pregnant. Adults should get one dose of the vaccine per year. Kids 2 to 9 who are getting their first flu vaccine will need a second dose 4 weeks later. The first isn't enough to prevent the flu -- two doses will. Every year after that, your child will need only one dose.
system: How do you take the nasal spray flu vaccine?
output: No. The CDC says it's OK to get it if you're healthy, between the ages 2 to 49, and not pregnant.
system: How can I support my joints during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Use your strongest muscles and larger joints when possible. For example, lean into a door to open it and hook your grocery bag over your forearm instead of holding it in your fingers. Braces, wraps, or splints can support weak, sore joints. Wear flat, supportive shoes.
system: How can I relieve stress or anxiety during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Stress and anxiety can make your symptoms worse. Deep breathing exercises, guided imagery, yoga, tai chi, hypnosis, visualization, or muscle relaxation can help control your pain. You can also relieve stress by talking with a friend, taking part in a support group, writing in a journal, or engaging in a relaxing hobby. A massage or acupuncture can help ease pain and stress.
system: What should I stay away from during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Stress and anxiety can make your symptoms worse.
system: Should I use heat packs if I have a flare of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Try heating pads, warm baths, or hot compresses.
system: What foods should I eat during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Cold-water fish (like salmon) are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which have been shown to fight inflammation. It may help if you eat small amounts several times a day rather than big meals.
system: Can I lose my appetite during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: During a flare, you may lose your appetite. And you may not have the energy to prepare meals. But it's important to eat a balanced, nutritious diet even -- and especially -- when you feel poorly. Your body needs fuel to heal.
system: How can I balance activity and rest during a flare-up of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: At the height of your flare, you may need complete bed rest. Your body may not give you any choice. But try not to stay in bed for more than a day or two. Spending too much time lying on the bed or sofa will make you stiff and increase your pain. Once you start to feel a bit better, get up, stretch, go for a walk, and continue with as many of your usual activities as possible. You may need to cut back on your work, exercise, and social activities, but don't abandon them. Take breaks when you get tired.
system: What can raise the chances of depression in the elderly?
output: Factors that increase the risk of depression in the elderly include: Being female Being single, unmarried, divorced, or widowed Lack of a supportive social network Stressful life events Physical conditions like stroke, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, cancer, dementia, and chronic pain further increase the risk of depression.
system: How can brain scans help diagnose depression in the elderly?
output: Additionally, the following risk factors for depression are often seen in the elderly: Certain medicines or combination of medicines Damage to body image (from amputation, cancer surgery, or heart attack) Family history of major depressive disorder Fear of death Living alone, social isolation Other illnesses Past suicide attempt(s) Presence of chronic or severe pain Previous history of depression Recent loss of a loved one Substance abuse Brain scans of people who develop their first depression in old age often reveal spots in the brain that may not be receiving adequate blood flow, believed to result from years of high blood pressure.
system: How is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) used in treating depression in the elderly?
output: When older patients are unable to take traditional antidepressant medicines because of side effects or interactions with other medications, when depression is very severe and interferes with basic daily functioning (such as eating, bathing and grooming), or when risk for suicide is especially high, ECT is often a safe and effective treatment option.
system: Why is depression common among the elderly?
output: In addition, advancing age is often accompanied by loss of social support systems due to the death of a spouse or siblings, retirement, or relocation of residence. Because of changes in an elderly person's circumstances and the fact that elderly people are expected to slow down, doctors and family may miss the signs of depression. As a result, effective treatment often gets delayed, forcing many elderly people to struggle unnecessarily with depression.
system: Is depression different for the elderly?
output: In the elderly, depression often occurs with other medical illnesses and disabilities and lasts longer. Depression in the elderly is associated with an increased risk of cardiac diseases and an increased risk of death from illness. At the same time, depression reduces an elderly person's ability to rehabilitate. Studies of nursing home patients with physical illnesses have shown that the presence of depression substantially increases the likelihood of death from those illnesses. Depression also has been associated with increased risk of death following a heart attack.
system: Is insomnia tied to depression in the elderly?
output: New studies reveal that insomnia is also a risk factor for depression onset and recurrence -- particularly in the elderly. To treat insomnia, experts sometimes recommend avoiding or minimizing exposure to benzodiazepines (such as Ativan, Klonopin or Xanax) or the newer "hypnotic" drugs (such as Ambien or Lunesta) that, according to the American Geriatric Society, pose an increased risk for impaired alertness, respiratory depression, and falls.
system: Can depression be diagnosed in the elderly?
output: Doctors are encouraged to routinely screen for depression. This can happen during a visit for a chronic illness or at a wellness visit.
system: What are hurdles that keep depression treatment from working for the elderly?
output: The stigma attached to mental illness and psychiatric treatment is even more powerful among the elderly than among younger people. This stigma can keep elderly people from acknowledging that they are depressed, even to themselves. Elderly people and their families sometimes also may wrongly misidentify depression symptoms as "normal" reactions to life stresses, losses, or the aging process.
system: How can counseling help treat depression in the elderly?
output: It also is helpful for people who cannot take drugs because of side effects, interactions with other medicines, or other medical illnesses. And unhappy life events including the death of family or friends, poverty, and isolation may also affect the person's motivation to continue with treatment.
system: What is the risk factors for nerve pain after shingles?
output: Researchers have long known that older people are more likely to get PHN, the nerve pain after shingles, but recent studies have found other factors that increase risks. In one study published in the journal Neurology, researchers -- including Dworkin -- looked at data from 965 people with shingles. The researchers identified five risk factors for developing PHN in people who had been recently diagnosed with shingles: Older Female Presence of symptoms before the rash appeared, like numbness, tingling, itching, or pain Severe pain during the illness's initial stages Severe rash Importantly, the researchers found the more risk factors you have, the greater the risk of developing PHN.
system: How does shingles cause long-term pain?
output: Shingles, a viral infection of the nerve roots, affects 1 million people in the U. S each year. Most people recover from their bout, but for as many as 50% of those over age 60 who have not been treated, the pain doesn't go away. It can last for months, years, or even the rest of their lives. These people have what's called postherpetic neuralgia ( PHN), the result of the shingles virus damaging the nerves of the skin. In some cases, the pain is mild. In others, even the slightest touch -- from clothing or even a breeze -- can be excruciating. "
system: What is the main cause of shingles?
output: Shingles is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that also causes chickenpox. In a person who has been exposed to chickenpox -- or its vaccine -- the virus never really goes away. It can lie dormant in the body's nerves.
system: How long do shingles last?
output: For reasons that experts don't really understand, the pain of shingles lingers for some. If the pain lasts for at least 3 months after the shingles rash has healed, a person is diagnosed with PHN. In some people, the pain will subside. In others, it won't. "
system: Is shingles is contagious?
output: Shingles is caused by the varicella-zoster virus, the virus that also causes chickenpox. In a person who has been exposed to chickenpox -- or its vaccine -- the virus never really goes away. Though people who haven't had chickenpox can catch that condition from you, the shingles itself isn't contagious.
system: Can you test for an infection of brain-eating amoeba?
output: But researchers are working to develop one. Until such tests come along, it can take weeks to identify the amoeba.
system: Who gets infected with brain-eating amoebas?
output: Over 60% of U. S. cases are in children age 13 or younger. About 80% of cases are in males. It's not at all clear whether children or males are more susceptible to the amoeba, or whether young males are more likely to engage in activities that expose them to the amoeba.
system: How do brain-eating amoebas eat brains?
output: One study suggests that N. fowleri amoebas produce two proteases -- enzymes that dissolve protein.
system: Can you treat a brain-eating amoeba infection?
output: A number of drugs kill N. fowleri amoebas in the test tube. But even when treated with these drugs, very few patients survive.
system: Can you protect yourself against brain-eating amoebas?
output: It makes sense to avoid swimming underwater, diving, water skiing, and jumping in warm, still waters during the late summer. It also makes sense to wear a nose clip when swimming, boating, or playing in or on warm waters. It's also a good idea to avoid stirring up mud while taking part in such activities. And if you are cleansing your nostrils, be sure to fill your neti pot or squeeze bottle with distilled or sterile water -- not tap water. You can also use water that has been boiled for one minute (three minutes at high elevations) and then cooled. And you can filter the water using filters with pores no larger than 1 micron (1 micrometer).
system: How do people get infected with a brain-eating amoeba?
output: The nose is the pathway of the amoeba, so infection occurs most often from diving, water skiing, or performing water sports in which water is forced into the nose. But infections have occurred in people who dunked their heads in hot springs or who cleaned their nostrils with neti pots filled with untreated tap water. A person infected with N. fowleri cannot spread the infection to another person.
system: Where can you find brain-eating amoebas?
output: It can survive in water as hot as 113 degrees Fahrenheit. These amoebas can be found in warm places around the globe. N. fowleri is found in: Warm lakes, ponds, and rock pits Mud puddles Warm, slow-flowing rivers, especially those with low water levels Untreated swimming pools and spas Untreated well water or untreated municipal water Hot springs and other geothermal water sources Thermally polluted water, such as runoff from power plants Aquariums Soil, including indoor dust Naegleria can't live in salt water. It can't survive in properly treated swimming pools or in properly treated municipal water. Most cases of N. fowleri disease occur in Southern or Southwestern states. Over half of all infections have been in Florida and Texas.
system: What are the symptoms of a brain-eating amoeba infection?
output: At first, PAM may seem like viral meningitis. Symptoms include: headache fever stiff neck loss of appetite vomiting altered mental state seizures coma There may also be hallucinations, drooping eyelid, blurred vision, and loss of the sense of taste.
system: How often do people get infected by a brain-eating amoeba?
output: N. fowleri disease is known as primary amoebic meningoencephalitis ( PAM). It occurs from zero to eight times a year, almost always from July to September. A study in Virginia that looked at more than 16,000 autopsy records from patients who died of meningitis found five previously unreported cases of PAM. Studies show that many people may have antibodies to N. fowleri. That suggests that they became infected with the amoeba but that their immune systems fought it off. It's not at all clear whether N. fowleri is a rare infection that always causes PAM and is almost always fatal, or a more common infection that only sometimes causes PAM.
system: What is a brain-eating amoeba?
output: Amoebas are single-celled organisms. The so-called brain-eating amoeba is a species discovered in 1965. It's formal name is Naegleria fowleri. Although first identified in Australia, this amoeba is believed to have evolved in the U. S. There are several species of Naegleria but only the fowleri species causes human disease. By comparison, a hair is 40 to 50 micrometers wide. When conditions are favorable, the cysts turn into trophozoites -- the feeding form of the amoeba. But brains are accidental food for them. According to the CDC, N. fowleri normally eats bacteria.
system: How soon do you die after getting infected by a brain-eating amoeba?
output: It takes two to 15 days for symptoms to appear after N. fowleri amoebas enter the nose. Only a handful of patients worldwide have been reported to have survived an infection.
system: How does zinc help treat ADHD?
output: Some studies suggest that children with ADHD may have lower levels of zinc in their body. And some scientists say kids with the disorder who took zinc supplements along with traditional ADHD treatment had an improvement in their symptoms. Several studies have shown a drop in hyperactivity and impulsivity with zinc supplements. The same research, though, reports no change in inattentiveness, which is another key symptom of ADHD. A 2005 study in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, though, did show a link between zinc levels and teacher- and parent-rated inattention in children.
system: Can iron help treat ADHD?
output: Some studies, though, suggest that children with ADHD might not have enough iron. One theory is that supplementing with iron may improve symptoms of the disorder, but that hasn't been proven.
system: Have there been studies done on the effects of fish oil on ADHD?
output: A specific supplement of fish oil and evening primrose oil was used in one study. The results showed improvements with hyperactivity, inattentiveness, ability to think clearly, and overall behavior in children with ADHD who were 7 to 12 years old.
system: How do zinc supplements affect ADHD symptoms?
output: Several studies have shown a drop in hyperactivity and impulsivity with zinc supplements. The same research, though, reports no change in inattentiveness, which is another key symptom of ADHD. A 2005 study in the Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology, though, did show a link between zinc levels and teacher- and parent-rated inattention in children.
system: Does St. John's wort help ADHD?
output: This common herbal supplement might affect brain chemicals. It's used to treat depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. But studies don't recommend using it to treat ADHD. Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder.
system: Do I need to check with my doctor if I am taking natural supplements for ADHD?
output: Also check with the doctor before you use any natural supplement. That includes mega-doses of vitamins or minerals. There's a chance they could do more harm than good, and they may cause problems with prescribed medications.
system: What are other natural supplements that treat ADHD?
output: There's some evidence that certain natural supplements might help. A combo of American ginseng and Ginkgo leaf improved ADHD symptoms in children ages 3 to 17 in one study. More research is needed to confirm the finding, though.
system: What foods should children or adults with ADHD eat to increase zinc levels?
output: Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals.
system: Which foods are high in zinc?
output: Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals.
system: Which fish are high in omega-3 fatty acids?
output: Foods high in zinc include oysters and other seafood, red meat, poultry, dairy products, beans, nuts, whole grains, and fortified cereals.
system: How do zinc levels relate to ADHD in children?
output: Some studies suggest that children with ADHD may have lower levels of zinc in their body. And some scientists say kids with the disorder who took zinc supplements along with traditional ADHD treatment had an improvement in their symptoms.
system: What are some natural or alternative treatments to ADHD?
output: Some ânaturalâ or alternative treatments might be unsafe, too. Certain ones can mix dangerously with prescription medicines. And don't assume that vitamins or supplements are safe just because they're billed as being ânatural.â Most don't have to be approved by the U. S. Food and Drug Administration ( FDA). Talk to your doctor about any alternative treatment before taking it.
system: Is there a prescription-strength omega-3 supplement available for people with ADHD?
output: Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder.
system: Do children with ADHD need iron supplements?
output: Some studies, though, suggest that children with ADHD might not have enough iron. One theory is that supplementing with iron may improve symptoms of the disorder, but that hasn't been proven. Check with your doctor before you give your child any supplement. Taking too much iron, for instance, can be toxic -- even deadly.
system: Can dietary supplements affect ADHD symptoms?
output: Some people think ADHD symptoms happen or get worse because of a lack of something in their diets.
system: Does St. John's wort help treat ADHD?
output: This common herbal supplement might affect brain chemicals. It's used to treat depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders. But studies don't recommend using it to treat ADHD. Research shows that St. John's wort has no effect on the symptoms of the disorder.