laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What do I need to do with ligament injuries in the first 72 hours?
output: Treatment for these injuries can include: Rest Physical therapy Surgery In the first 72 hours, you may need to: Ice the injured joint regularly. Use a brace or bandage. Elevate the injury.
system: What causes shoulder ligament injuries?
output: This happens a lot to young people and athletes who put strain on their shoulders, like pitchers in baseball. You can also sprain or tear your shoulder ligament when you use your arm to brace yourself when you fall. When you sprain your ankle, you're tearing one of these ligaments.
system: What are ankle ligaments?
output: There are several ligaments around your ankle. The three main ones on the outside part of your ankle are the anterior talofibular ligament, the posterior talofibular ligament, and the calcaneofibular ligament. It's also the bone you feel on the outside of your ankle. The calcaneofibular ligament connects the fibula to your heel bone. The anterior talofibular and posterior talofibular ligaments connect the talus (the bone between your heel and shinbone) to the fibula on the outside of the ankle.
system: What causes ankle ligament injuries?
output: There are several ligaments around your ankle. When you sprain your ankle, you're tearing one of these ligaments. The most common sprain happens when your foot rolls under your ankle or leg. This usually happens playing sports, especially jumping sports like basketball.
system: What are common knee ligament injuries?
output: The most common knee ligament injury is to the anterior cruciate ligament. If your feet plant in one direction and your knee is twists in another, it can strain or tear your ACL. Football, skiing, and basketball are all sports with a higher risk of ACL injuries. A PCL injury usually happens from a sudden direct impact, like a football tackle or a car accident. MCL tears or strains usually happen because something hits the outside of your knee. There are several ligaments around your ankle.
system: What is a root in relation to dental health?
output: root: tooth structure that connects the tooth to the jaw.
system: What is nitrous oxide in relation to dental health?
output: nitrous oxide: a gas (also called laughing gas) used to reduce patient anxiety.
system: What is an immediate denture?
output: immediate denture: a complete or partial denture that is made in advance and can be positioned as soon as the natural teeth are removed.
system: What is a supernumerary in relation to dental health?
output: supernumerary tooth: an extra tooth.
system: What are sealants in relation to dental health?
output: sealants: a thin, clear or white resin substance that is applied to the biting surfaces of teeth to prevent decay.
system: What are permanent teeth?
output: permanent teeth: the teeth that replace the deciduous or primary teeth -- also called baby teeth. There are (usually) 32 adult teeth in a complete dentition.
system: What are cusps in relation to dental health?
output: cusps: the high points on the chewing surfaces of the back teeth.
system: What is a porcelain inlay or onlay?
output: porcelain inlay or onlay: tooth-colored restoration made of porcelain, cemented or bonded in place.
system: What is a hygienist in relation to dental health?
output: hygienist: a licensed, auxiliary dental professional who is both an oral health educator and clinician who uses preventive, therapeutic, and educational methods to control oral disease.
system: What is trauma in relation to dental health?
output: trauma: injury caused by external force, chemical, temperature extremes, or poor tooth alignment.
system: What is a periapical?
output: periapical: region at the end of the roots of teeth.
system: What is a pedodontist/pediatric dentist?
output: pedodontist/pediatric dentist: the oral health care provider who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of the dental problems of children from infancy to young adulthood. This provider also usually cares for special needs patients.
system: What is a handpiece in relation to dental health?
output: handpiece: the instrument used to remove, shape, finish, or modify teeth and dental materials in dental operations.
system: What is a cap in relation to dental health?
output: cap: common term for a dental crown.
system: What is an ADA Seal of Acceptance in relation to dental health?
output: ADA Seal of Acceptance: a designation awarded to products that have met American Dental Association's criteria for safety and effectiveness and whose packaging and advertising claims are scientifically supported.
system: What is an oral surgeon?
output: oral surgeon: the oral health care provider who performs many types of surgical procedures in and around the entire face, mouth, and jaw area.
system: What is bleaching in relation to dental health?
output: bleaching: chemical treatment of natural teeth that uses peroxide to produce the whitening effect.
system: What is an oral and maxillofacial radiologist?
output: oral and maxillofacial radiologist: the oral health care provider who specializes in the production and interpretation of all types of X-ray images and data that are used in the diagnosis and management of diseases, disorders, and conditions of the oral and maxillofacial region.
system: What is a maxilla?
output: maxilla: the upper jaw.
system: What is transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in relation to dental health?
output: transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ( TENS): a therapy that uses low-level electrical currents to provide pain relief. In dentistry, TENS is one type of therapy that can be used to relax the jaw joint and facial muscles.
system: What is a DDS?
output: DDS: Doctor of Dental Surgery -- equivalent to DMD, Doctor of Dental Medicine.
system: What is decay in relation to dental health?
output: decay: destruction of tooth structure caused by toxins produced by bacteria.
system: What is anaerobic bacteria in relation to dental health?
output: anaerobic bacteria: bacteria that do not need oxygen to grow; they are generally associated with periodontal disease (see below).
system: What is an alveolar bone in relation to dental health?
output: alveolar bone: the bone surrounding the root of the tooth, anchoring it in place; loss of this bone is a possible sign of periodontal (gum) disease.
system: What is a canker sore?
output: canker sore : sores or small shallow ulcers that appear in the mouth and often make eating and talking uncomfortable; they typically appear in people between the ages of 10 and 20 and last about a week in duration before disappearing.
system: What is baby bottle tooth decay in relation to dental health?
output: baby bottle tooth decay: decay in infants and children, most often affecting the upper front teeth, caused by liquids given and left clinging to the teeth for long periods (for example, in feeding bottles or pacifiers); also called "early childhood caries."
system: What is a bridge in relation to dental health?
output: bridge: stationary dental prosthesis (appliance) fixed to teeth adjacent to a space; replaces one or more missing teeth, cemented or bonded to supporting teeth or implants adjacent to the space. Also called a fixed partial denture.
system: What is an abscess in relation to dental health?
output: abscess : an infection of a tooth, soft tissue, or bone.
system: What is saliva?
output: saliva: clear lubricating fluid in the mouth containing water, enzymes, bacteria, mucus, viruses, blood cells and undigested food particles.
system: What are cuspids?
output: cuspids: the third tooth from the center of the mouth to the back of the mouth. These are the front teeth that have one rounded or pointed edge used for biting. Also known as canines.
system: What is cleft lip?
output: cleft lip: a physical split or separation of the two sides of the upper lip that appears as a narrow opening or gap in the skin of the upper lip. This separation often extends beyond the base of the nose and includes the bones of the upper jaw and/or upper gum.
system: What is an implant in relation to dental health?
output: implant: a metal rod (usually made of titanium) that is surgically placed into the upper or lower jawbone where a tooth is missing; it serves as the tooth root and anchor for the crown, bridge, or denture that is placed over it.
system: What is a nerve (root) canal?
output: nerve (root) canal: dental pulp; the internal chamber of a tooth where the nerves and blood vessels pass.
system: What is teething in relation to dental health?
output: teething : baby teeth pushing through the gums.
system: What is biofeedback?
output: biofeedback : a relaxation technique that involves learning how to better cope with pain and stress by altering behavior, thoughts, and feelings.
system: What is a partial denture?
output: partial denture: a removable appliance that replaces some of the teeth in either the upper or lower jaw.
system: What is an overjet?
output: overjet: an excessive protrusion of the upper jaw resulting in a horizontal overlap of the front teeth.
system: What is periodontitis?
output: periodontitis: a more advanced stage of periodontal disease in which the inner layer of the gum and bone pull away from the teeth and form pockets and alveolar bone is destroyed.
system: What is a gum recession?
output: gum recession : exposure of dental roots due to shrinkage of the gums as a result of abrasion, erosion, periodontal disease, or surgery.
system: What is dry mouth?
output: dry mouth : a condition in which the flow of saliva is reduced and there is not enough saliva to keep the mouth moist. Dry mouth can be the result of certain medications (such as antihistamines and decongestants), certain diseases (such as SjÃ¶gren's syndrome, HIV/ AIDS, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes), certain medical treatments (such as head and neck radiation), as well as nerve damage, dehydration, tobacco use, and surgical removal of the salivary glands.
system: What is a transplant in relation to dental health?
output: transplant: placing a natural tooth in the empty socket of another tooth.
system: What are molars?
output: molars: three back teeth in each dental quadrant used for grinding food.
system: What is a cyst in relation to dental health?
output: cyst: an abnormal sac containing gas, fluid, or a semisolid material.
system: What are pregnancy tumors in relation to dental health?
output: pregnancy tumors: an extreme inflammatory reaction to a local irritation (such as food particles or plaque) that occurs in up to 10% of pregnant women and often in women who also have pregnancy gingivitis. Pregnancy tumors appear on inflamed gum tissue as large lumps with deep red pinpoint markings on it, usually near the upper gum line. The red lump glistens, may bleed and crust over, and can make eating and speaking difficult and cause discomfort.
system: What is rinsing in relation to dental health?
output: rinsing: antiseptic (antibacterial) rinses reduce bacteria in the mouth that cause plaque and bad breath. Fluoride rinses help prevent tooth decay (cavities).
system: What is dry socket?
output: dry socket : a common complication that occurs when either a blood clot has failed to form in an extracted tooth socket or else the blood clot that did form has been dislodged.
system: What is a periodontal ligament?
output: periodontal ligament: The connective tissue that surrounds the tooth (specifically covering the cementum) and connects the tooth to the jawbone, holding it in place.
system: What is a space maintainer in relation to dental health?
output: space maintainer: dental device that holds the space lost through premature loss of baby teeth.
system: What is bonding in relation to dental health?
output: bonding: a process by which dental materials are mechanically attached to teeth; this would include composite resin, porcelain, and metal.
system: What is a nerve?
output: nerve: tissue that conveys sensation, temperature, and position information to the brain.
system: What is a fistula in relation to dental health?
output: fistula: channel emanating pus from an infection site; a gum boil.
system: What is radio wave therapy in relation to dental health?
output: radio wave therapy: a therapy involving the use of low level electrical stimulation to increase blood flow and provide pain relief. In dentistry, this is one type of therapy that can be applied to the joint of individuals with temporomandibular disorder.
system: What is porcelain in relation to dental health?
output: porcelain: a tooth-colored, glass-like material; much like enamel in appearance.
system: What is a hard palate in relation to dental health?
output: hard palate: the bony front portion of the roof of the mouth.
system: What is a mandible?
output: mandible: the lower jaw.
system: What is scaling and root planing?
output: scaling and root planing: a deep-cleaning, nonsurgical procedure whereby plaque and tartar from above and below the gum line are scraped away (scaling) and rough spots on the tooth root are made smooth (planing).
system: What is pedodontics or pediatric dentistry?
output: pedodontics or pediatric dentistry: dental specialty focusing on treatment of infants, children, and young adults.
system: What is oral hygiene?
output: oral hygiene: process of maintaining cleanliness of the teeth and related structures.
system: What is an oral pathologist?
output: oral pathologist: the oral health care provider who studies the causes of diseases that alter or affect the oral structures (teeth, lips, cheeks, jaws) as well as parts of the face and neck.
system: What is an oral cavity in relation to dental health?
output: oral cavity: the mouth.
system: What is an endodontist?
output: endodontist: a dental specialist concerned with the causes, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and injuries of the human dental pulp or the nerve of the tooth.
system: What is an orthodontist?
output: orthodontist: the oral health provider who specializes in diagnosis, prevention, interception, and treatment of malocclusions, or "bad bites," of the teeth and surrounding structures. This is the specialist whose responsibility it is to straighten teeth by movement of the teeth through bone by the use of bands, wires, braces, and other fixed or removable corrective appliances or retainers.
system: What is a rubber dam in relation to dental health?
output: rubber dam: soft latex or vinyl sheet used to establish isolation of one or more teeth from contamination by oral fluids and to keep materials from falling to the back of the throat.
system: What is a biopsy?
output: biopsy : removal of a small piece of tissue for diagnostic examination.
system: What is cleaning in relation to dental health?
output: cleaning: removal of plaque and calculus (tartar) from teeth, generally above the gum line.
system: What is an impression in relation to dental health?
output: impression: mold made of the teeth and soft tissues.
system: What is an overbite?
output: overbite: an excessive protrusion of the upper jaw resulting in a vertical overlap of the front teeth. overjet: an excessive protrusion of the upper jaw resulting in a horizontal overlap of the front teeth.
system: What are gold fillings?
output: gold fillings: an alternative to silver amalgam fillings.
system: What is a panoramic X-ray in relation to dental health?
output: panoramic X-ray: a type of X-ray that shows a complete two dimensional representation of all the teeth in the mouth. This X-ray also shows the relationship of the teeth to the jaws and the jaws to the head.
system: What is gingivoplasty?
output: gingivoplasty: a procedure performed by periodontists to reshape the gum tissue.
system: What is edentulous?
output: edentulous: having no teeth.
system: What is demineralization in relation to dental health?
output: demineralization: loss of mineral from tooth enamel just below the surface in a carious lesion; usually appears as a white area on the tooth surface.
system: What is dentin?
output: dentin: inner layer of tooth structure, immediately under the surface enamel.
system: What is a filling in relation to dental health?
output: filling: restoration of lost tooth structure with metal, porcelain, or resin materials.
system: What is an impacted tooth?
output: impacted tooth: a tooth that is partially or completely blocked from erupting through the surface of the gum. An impacted tooth may push other teeth together or damage the bony structures supporting the adjacent tooth. Often times, impacted teeth must be surgically removed.
system: What is a porcelain fused to metal (PFM) crown in relation to dental health?
output: porcelain fused to metal ( PFM) crown: restoration with metal coping (for strength) covered by porcelain (for appearance).
system: What is a general dentist?
output: This dentist diagnoses, treats, and manages overall oral health care needs, including gum care, root canals, fillings, crowns, veneers, bridges, preventive education, and treating diseases of the mouth.
system: What are prosthetics in relation to dental health?
output: prosthetics: a fixed or removable appliance used to replace missing teeth (for example, bridges, partials, and dentures).
system: What is prophylaxis?
output: Also called baby teeth, the primary dentition, or deciduous teeth, normally fall out one by one between ages 6 and 12. prophylaxis: the cleaning of the teeth for the prevention of periodontal disease and tooth decay.
system: What is a mouth guard?
output: mouth guard: a device that is inserted into the mouth and worn over the teeth to protect them against impact or injury.
system: What is halitosis?
output: halitosis: bad breath of oral or gastrointestinal origin.
system: What is mercury in relation to dental health?
output: mercury: a metal component of amalgam fillings.
system: What is an appliance in relation to dental health?
output: appliance: any removable dental restoration or orthodontic device.
system: What is thrush in relation to dental health?
output: thrush : an infection in the mouth caused by the fungus Candida.
system: What is calcium in relation to dental health?
output: calcium : an element needed for the development of healthy teeth, bones, and nerves.
system: What is pathology?
output: pathology: study of disease.
system: What is bruxism?
output: bruxism : grinding or gnashing of the teeth, most commonly during sleep.
system: What are braces in relation to dental health?
output: braces: devices (bands, wires, ceramic appliances) put in place by orthodontists to gradually reposition teeth to a more favorable alignment.
system: What is an antiseptic?
output: antiseptic: a chemical agent that can be applied to living tissues to destroy germs.
system: What is bone resorption in relation to dental health?
output: bone resorption: decrease in the amount of bone supporting the roots of teeth; a common result of periodontal (gum) disease.
system: What is stomatitis in relation to dental health?
output: stomatitis : an inflammation of the tissue underlying a denture. Ill-fitting dentures, poor dental hygiene, or a buildup of the fungus Candida albicans can cause the condition.
system: What is recontouring in relation to dental health?
output: recontouring: a procedure in which small amounts of tooth enamel are removed to change a tooth's length, shape, or surface. Also called odontoplasty, enameloplasty, stripping, or slenderizing.
system: What is a night guard in relation to dental health?
output: night guard: a removable appliance that fits over the upper or lower teeth used to prevent wear and temporomandibular damage caused by grinding or gnashing of the teeth during sleep.
system: What is an unerupted tooth?
output: unerupted tooth: a tooth that has not pushed through the gum and assumed its correct position in the dental arch.
system: What is cementum in relation to dental health?
output: cementum: hard tissue that covers the roots of teeth.
system: What is an abutment in relation to dental health?
output: abutment: tooth or teeth on either side of a missing tooth that support a fixed bridge or removable partial; also refers to a piece of metal or porcelain that is screwed on to an implant to allow a crown to be glued on.
system: What is an arch in relation to dental health?
output: arch: a description of the alignment of the upper or lower teeth.
system: What is tooth whitening?
output: tooth whitening: a chemical or laser process to lighten the color of teeth.
system: What is a clasp in relation to dental health?
output: clasp: device that holds a removable partial denture to stationary teeth.
system: What is a dental adjustment?
output: adjustment: a modification made upon a dental prosthesis after it has been completed and inserted into the mouth.
system: What is bite in relation to dental health?
output: bite: relationship of the upper and lower teeth upon closure (occlusion).
system: What is temporomandibular disorder (TMD)/temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in relation to dental health?
output: temporomandibular disorder ( TMD)/temporomandibular joint ( TMJ): the term given to a problem that concerns the muscles and joint that connect the lower jaw with the skull. The condition is characterized by facial pain and restricted ability to open or move the jaw. It is often accompanied by a clicking or popping sound when the jaw is opened or closed.
system: What is tartar in relation to dental health?
output: tartar: common term for dental calculus, a hard deposit that adheres to teeth; produces rough surface that attracts plaque.
system: What is a bicuspid in relation to dental health?
output: bicuspid: the fourth and fifth teeth from the center of the mouth to the back of the mouth; these are the back teeth that are used for chewing and have only have two points (cusps). Adults have eight bicuspids (also called premolars), two in front of each group of molars.
system: What are the benefits of progressive lenses?
output: With progressive lenses, you won't need to have more than one pair of glasses with you. You don't need to swap between your reading and regular glasses. Vision with progressives can seem natural. If you switch from viewing something up close to something far away, you won't get a "jump" like you would with bifocals or trifocals. So if you're driving, you can look at your dashboard, at the road, or at a sign in the distance with a smooth transition. They look like regular glasses. In one study, people who wore traditional bifocals were given progressive lenses to try. The study's author said most made the switch for good.
system: What are the drawbacks of progressive lenses?
output: It takes time to adjust to progressives. You need to train yourself to look out of the lower part of the lens when you're reading, to look straight ahead for distance, and to look somewhere between the two spots for middle distance or computer work. Some people never adjust, but most do. During the learning period, you may feel dizzy and nauseas from looking through the wrong section of lens. There may also be some distortion of your peripheral vision (what you see on the edges when looking straight ahead). Another thing to consider is the cost.
system: What are some tips to adjusting to progressive lenses?
output: If you decide to try them, use these tips: Choose a quality optical shop that can guide you through the process, help you pick a good frame, and make sure the lenses are perfectly centered over your eyes. Poorly fitted progressives are a common reason why people can't adapt to them. Give yourself one or two weeks to adjust to them. Some people may need as long as a month. Make sure you understand your eye doctor's instructions on how to use them. Wear your new lenses as often as possible and stop wearing your other glasses. It will make the adjustment quicker.
system: What are progressive lenses?
output: Progressive lenses have three prescriptions in one pair of glasses. That allows you to do close-up work (like reading a book), middle-distance work (like checking out a website on a computer), or distance viewing (like driving) without needing to change your glasses. They're sometimes called multifocal lenses.