laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What fats should I avoid if I have diabetes?
output: So you'll want to limit unhealthy fat such as saturated fat and trans fats. The main sources of saturated fats are cheese, beef, milk, and baked items. Avoid trans fats, which are bad for your heart. Check the ingredients list for "partially hydrogenated" oils. Also, know that if a product says "0 grams trans fat," it may actually have up to half a gram of trans fat per serving.
system: What foods should you focus on if you have diabetes?
output: When you build your diet, four key things to focus on are carbs, fiber, fat, and salt. Diabetes makes you more likely to get heart disease.
system: How does fiber help with type 2 diabetes?
output: Counting grams of carbohydrate, and splitting them evenly between meals, will help you control your blood sugar. People who eat high-fiber diets tend to be less likely to get high blood pressure and heart disease. So focus on these foods: Fresh fruits and vegetables Cooked dried beans and peas Whole-grain breads, cereals, and crackers Brown rice Bran foods It's best to get fiber from food. For favorite recipes, you may need to use other ingredients and cut out or use less salt.
system: What drugs can cause schizophrenia?
output: Studies show that taking certain mind-altering drugs called psychoactive or psychotropic drugs, such as methamphetamine or LSD, can make you more likely to get schizophrenia. Some research has shown that marijuana use has a similar risk. The younger you start and the more often you use these drugs, the more likely you are to have symptoms like hallucinations, delusions, inappropriate emotions, and trouble thinking clearly.
system: How do genetics cause schizophrenia?
output: Think of your genes as a blueprint for your body. If there's a change to these instructions, it can sometimes increase your odds for developing diseases like schizophrenia. Doctors don't think there's just one âschizophrenia gene.â Instead, they think it takes many genetic changes, or mutations, to raise your chances of having the mental illness.
system: How can the environment cause schizophrenia?
output: If you were exposed to certain viral infections before you were born, research suggests that your chances may go up. This could also be true if you didn't get proper nutrition while your mother was pregnant with you, especially during her first 6 months of pregnancy.
system: How does your brain change if you have schizophrenia?
output: Scientists are looking at possible differences in brain structure and function in people with and people without schizophrenia. In people with schizophrenia, they found: Spaces in the brain, called ventricles, were larger. Studies of brain tissue in people with schizophrenia after death even show that their brain structure is often different than it was at birth.
system: How can you ease psoriatic arthritis symptoms?
output: Keep your weight healthy, which takes pressure off your joints.
system: How can applying heat and coldness help with psoriatic arthritis?
output: You can use a warm towel, hot pack, or take a warm bath or shower. Coldness can cut back on swelling and ease pain. You can cool down with a bag of ice or with frozen veggies wrapped in a towel.
system: Can you exercise if you have psoriatic arthritis?
output: Just make sure you stick with what your doctor says is OK for you -- probably low-impact activities like walking, swimming, or biking.
system: How can you keep your psoriatic arthritis symptoms under control?
output: It's natural to have flare-ups, but then you'll have times where you feel better. If you notice any new symptoms, tell your doctor. That'll help keep things in check so you don't have more joint damage. You can keep your symptoms under control with treatment.
system: How can you exercise to help with psoriatic arthritis?
output: You can work out on your own or with the help of a physical therapist. Warm up first, so your muscles can ease into it. One of your best options is water therapy, also called hydrotherapy or aqua therapy. It's an exercise program held in a pool. The water takes some of the weight off your joints, so it may be easier for you to do well. Whatever exercise you choose, make sure it's one you'll like enough to do it regularly. Also, try to be active throughout your day. You can garden, give the dog an extra walk, and fit in some stretches while you're at your kid's sports practice.
system: What are the three ways to protect your joints if you have psoriatic arthritis?
output: Get out there. You can work out on your own or with the help of a physical therapist. Also, try to be active throughout your day. Just look for ways to do them that take the stress off your joints. The way you walk, sit, stand, or hold things can help. Make these three things a habit: 1. Pace yourself. Switch between heavy, hard, or repetitive tasks and light or easy tasks. Make sure you take breaks. Use larger, stronger joints when you can, instead of smaller ones. For example, wear a shoulder bag rather than a handheld purse.
system: How can you ease psoriatic and arthritis symptoms?
output: Your doctor can tell you exactly what you need to do. When you make exercise a habit, you can: Ease arthritis symptoms.
system: How can you protect your joints if you have psoriatic arthritis?
output: Your doctor can tell you exactly what you need to do. You can work out on your own or with the help of a physical therapist. The water takes some of the weight off your joints, so it may be easier for you to do well. Also, try to be active throughout your day. Sit and stand up straight, and don't arch your back. Good posture helps you feel better.
system: Does exercise help prevent constipation?
output: Also, be sure to exercise regularly.
system: How can you get fiber to prevent constipation?
output: Also, get sufficient fiber by eating: Fruits Vegetables Grains Fiber is critical, because most of our stool is actually made up of bacteria, and fiber provides the bacteria a good place to grow. Sounds strange, but the interaction results in a larger volume of stool and better bowel function.
system: Can drinking water help prevent constipation?
output: Six to eight glasses a day is a good rule.
system: How much exercise is too much exercise if I have rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Most experts agree that if exercise causes pain that lasts for more than one hour, it is too strenuous. People with arthritis should work with their physical therapist or doctor to adjust their exercise program when they notice any of the following signs of strenuous exercise: Unusual or persistent fatigue Increased weakness Decreased range of motion Increased joint swelling Continuing pain
system: Should I exercise with rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Sports are not off-limits, either, but ask your doctor which are best for you. The doctor may have suggestions about how to get started or may refer you to a physical therapist, preferably one who has experience working with people who have arthritis. The therapist will design an appropriate home exercise program and teach you about pain relief methods, proper body mechanics (placement of the body for a given task, such as lifting a heavy box), joint protection, and conserving energy. Stretch and warm up with range-of-motion exercises. Choose the exercise program you enjoy most and make it a habit.
system: How is polyuria treated?
output: How you stop polyuria depends on what's causing it. For example, if you have diabetes that isn't under control, you may need to make changes to your treatments. If a medicine you take is the cause, talk to your doctor about switching to another drug or changing your dose. At home, cut back on how much fluid you drink, especially those that have alcohol and caffeine.
system: What medicines can cause polyuria?
output: Different drugs can lead to polyuria: Calcium channel blockers. These medications open your blood vessels and can lead to your body making more urine.
system: How are diabetes and polyuria connected?
output: Polyuria is often one of the first signs of diabetes. The condition makes sugar build up in your bloodstream. If your kidneys aren't able to filter it out, it exits your body in your urine. As the extra sugar and fluids travel through your kidneys, you have to pee more. Plus, the more you go, the thirstier you feel, and the more you'll drink.
system: How common is rejection in transplants?
output: Organ rejection can be acute or chronic. It's fairly common to have an episode of acute rejection within a year of your transplant. Sometimes, acute rejection leads to chronic rejection. This is when an organ slowly loses its ability to function. Rejection becomes less likely over time. But you're never quite out of the woods. It may develop even years after the surgery. That's why it's key to keep on top of your condition and get regular checkups.
system: What are the signs of rejection in a transplant?
output: Symptoms vary depending on the kind of organ transplant you've had. General signs include: Pain at the site of the transplant Feeling unwell Crankiness (in children) Flu-like symptoms Fever Weight changes Swelling Change in heart rate Urinating less often See your health care provider right away if you have any of these symptoms.
system: Does organ transplant rejection mean I'm going to lose the organ?
output: If you're living with a transplant, "rejection" is a word that can send shivers up your spine. But organ rejection is often not as bad as it sounds. Once you've established a new medication regimen that works, you can usually go back to business as usual. But that doesn't mean you can ignore the problem. Be on the lookout for the signs of rejection.
system: When should I call my doctor if I'm concerned my child is showing signs of opposition defiant disorder?
output: You should call your doctor if you notice your child acts this way around at least one person, other than a sibling, for at least 6 months.
system: At what age do kids usually see a doctor for oppositional defiant disorder?
output: Signs of oppositional defiant disorder include: Temper tantrums Refusing to obey rules and arguing with adults Intentionally annoying people, but also getting annoyed easily Saying mean things, talking about getting revenge, and hurting people Trying to blame others for things they do Like ADHD, your doctor will also probably wait until your child is at least 4 to diagnose oppositional defiant disorder. This kind of behavior can be ânormalâ at 2 or 3 years old, but it becomes a problem if it continues as your child gets older. She'll want to wait to make a firm diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder until your child's behavior is more extreme than what is age-appropriate.
system: What are the signs of oppositional defiant disorder?
output: Signs of oppositional defiant disorder include: Temper tantrums Refusing to obey rules and arguing with adults Intentionally annoying people, but also getting annoyed easily Saying mean things, talking about getting revenge, and hurting people Trying to blame others for things they do Like ADHD, your doctor will also probably wait until your child is at least 4 to diagnose oppositional defiant disorder.
system: At what age is ADHD usually evaluated and diagnosed?
output: The âattention-deficitâ part of ADHD can make kids: Unfocused and easily distracted Disorganized and forgetful Unable to follow through on instructions Appear not to listen The âhyperactivityâ part causes: Fidgeting and squirming Running and climbing instead of sitting Inability to take turns and wait in line Constant talking and interrupting Inability to play quietly Your doctor probably won't suggest an ADHD evaluation before age 4. Things like lack of attention span and not sitting still are part of normal development in children younger than that. Language delays at a young age can also be mistaken for ADHD. She won't make a firm diagnosis of ADHD until your child's symptoms are worse than what is age-appropriate.
system: How does oppositional defiant disorder differ from ADHD?
output: Unlike kids with ADHD, those who have oppositional defiant disorder don't just have a hard time listening, paying attention, and following rules. They also are often angry and defiant, and tend to argue, fight, and disobey.
system: What is "hyperactivity"?
output: The âattention-deficitâ part of ADHD can make kids: Unfocused and easily distracted Disorganized and forgetful Unable to follow through on instructions Appear not to listen The âhyperactivityâ part causes: Fidgeting and squirming Running and climbing instead of sitting Inability to take turns and wait in line Constant talking and interrupting Inability to play quietly Your doctor probably won't suggest an ADHD evaluation before age 4.
system: What are the two most common neurodevelopmental disorders in kids and what are the signs?
output: Two of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in kids are attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD). If your child has one of these disorders, he can have trouble controlling his impulses, paying attention, listening, and getting along with other kids. These problems can disrupt his school and social life.
system: Should I be worried if my child is acting up or has trouble paying attention?
output: At some point during childhood, most kids act up and have trouble paying attention. She'll want to wait to make a firm diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder until your child's behavior is more extreme than what is age-appropriate. But without the right treatment, it can become more serious.
system: Does oppositional defiant disorder go away?
output: Two of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in kids are attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD) and oppositional defiant disorder ( ODD). But without the right treatment, it can become more serious. That's why it's important for your doctor to screen your child for both ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder, as well as all the other conditions that could go along with them.
system: What does metastasis mean?
output: Benign, or noncancerous, tumors do not spread to other parts of the body, and do not create new tumors.
system: What are the major types of cancer?
output: Carcinomas -- the most commonly diagnosed cancers -- originate in the skin, lungs, breasts, pancreas, and other organs and glands. Lymphomas are cancers of lymphocytes. Leukemia is cancer of the blood. It does not usually form solid tumors. Sarcomas arise in bone, muscle, fat, bloodvessels, cartilage, or other soft or connective tissues of the body.
system: What are noncancerous tumors?
output: Most cancers form tumors, but not all tumors are cancerous. Benign, or noncancerous, tumors do not spread to other parts of the body, and do not create new tumors. Malignant, or cancerous, tumors crowd out healthy cells, interfere with body functions, and draw nutrients from body tissues.
system: How many people diagnosed with cancer are cured?
output: Leukemia is cancer of the blood. Today, more people diagnosed with cancer are living longer. However, some forms of the disease remain frustratingly difficult to treat. Modern treatment can significantly improve quality of life and may extend survival.
system: What is cancer?
output: A tumor is a mass composed of a cluster of such abnormal cells. Leukemia is cancer of the blood.
system: How does an IQ (intelligence quotient) test determine if aa person has an intellectual disability (ID)?
output: IQ (intelligence quotient) is measured by an IQ test. The average IQ is 100, with the majority of people scoring between 85 and 115. A person is considered intellectually disabled if he or she has an IQ of less than 70 to 75.
system: How can I prevent intellectual disability (ID) in my children?
output: The most common of these is fetal alcohol syndrome. Pregnant women shouldn't drink alcohol. Getting proper prenatal care, taking a prenatal vitamin, and getting vaccinated against certain infectious diseases can also lower the risk that your child will be born with intellectual disabilities. In families with a history of genetic disorders, genetic testing may be recommended before conception.
system: What are the signs of a severe or profound intellectual disability (ID) in children?
output: Some of the most common signs of intellectual disability are: Rolling over, sitting up, crawling, or walking late Talking late or having trouble with talking Slow to master things like potty training, dressing, and feeding himself or herself Difficulty remembering things Inability to connect actions with consequences Behavior problems such as explosive tantrums Difficulty with problem-solving or logical thinking In children with severe or profound intellectual disability, there may be other health problems as well. These problems may include seizures, mood disorders (anxiety, autism, etc. ), motor skills impairment, vision problems, or hearing problems.
system: How common is intellectual disability (ID) in the U.S?
output: Intellectual disability is thought to affect about 1% of the population. Of those affected, 85% have mild intellectual disability. This means they are just a little slower than average to learn new information or skills. With the right support, most will be able to live independently as adults.
system: What are the most common causes of intellectual disability (ID)?
output: However, a specific cause for intellectual disability can only be pinpointed about a third of the time. The most common causes of intellectual disability are: Genetic conditions. Things that can interfere with fetal brain development include alcohol or drug use, malnutrition, certain infections, or preeclampsia. Problems during childbirth. Intellectual disability may result if a baby is deprived of oxygen during childbirth or born extremely premature. Illness or injury. Infections like meningitis, whooping cough, or the measles can lead to intellectual disability.
system: What can I do to help my child with intellectual disability (ID)?
output: Steps to help your intellectually disabled child include: Learn everything you can about intellectual disabilities. Let your child try new things and encourage your child to do things by himself or herself. Provide guidance when it's needed and give positive feedback when your child does something well or masters something new. Get your child involved in group activities. Taking an art class or participating in Scouts will help your child build social skills. Stay involved. By keeping in touch with your child's teachers, you'll be able to follow his or her progress and reinforce what your child is learning at school through practice at home. Get to know other parents of intellectually disabled children. They can be a great source of advice and emotional support.
system: What is intellectual disability (ID)?
output: People with intellectual disabilities can and do learn new skills, but they learn them more slowly. There are varying degrees of intellectual disability, from mild to profound. These are skills necessary for day-to-day life, such as being able to communicate effectively, interact with others, and take care of oneself.
system: What limitations does a person with intellectual disability (ID) have?
output: Intellectual disability ( ID), once called mental retardation, is characterized by below-average intelligence or mental ability and a lack of skills necessary for day-to-day living. These areas are: Intellectual functioning. Also known as IQ, this refers to a person's ability to learn, reason, make decisions, and solve problems. Adaptive behaviors. These are skills necessary for day-to-day life, such as being able to communicate effectively, interact with others, and take care of oneself.
system: How can a specialist measure a child's adaptive behaviors to determine if he/she has intellectual disability (ID)?
output: Adaptive behaviors. To measure a child's adaptive behaviors, a specialist will observe the child's skills and compare them to other children of the same age. Things that may be observed include how well the child can feed or dress himself or herself; how well the child is able to communicate with and understand others; and how the child interacts with family, friends, and other children of the same age.
system: What are the signs of intellectual disability (ID) in children?
output: There are many different signs of intellectual disability in children. Some of the most common signs of intellectual disability are: Rolling over, sitting up, crawling, or walking late Talking late or having trouble with talking Slow to master things like potty training, dressing, and feeding himself or herself Difficulty remembering things Inability to connect actions with consequences Behavior problems such as explosive tantrums Difficulty with problem-solving or logical thinking In children with severe or profound intellectual disability, there may be other health problems as well.
system: Which children's cold medicines are questionably effective?
output: Specifically, four different categories of drugs. They are: Cough suppressants (dextromethorphan or DM) Cough expectorants (guaifenesin) Decongestants (pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine) Certain antihistamines (such as brompheniramine, chlorpheniramine maleate, and diphenhydramine [ Benadryl]) You might not recognize these drugs by name, but they are the active ingredients in many brands of kids' cold and cough medicines commonly available in drugstores.
system: Do children need medicine for a cold?
output: Reduce the child's fever using appropriate medication (check with a doctor), such as acetaminophen ( Tylenol).
system: Can children overdose on cold medicine?
output: Accidentally giving a child a dose that's too high can be easy to do; parents might use two different brands of medicine at the same time, not realizing they contain the same ingredients, or may incorrectly measure a dose if they get up in the middle of the night to soothe a child. While the overall risks are low, some experts say that they are not low enough. Given that there's no evidence that kids' cold medicines help children, some consider any risk -- no matter how slight -- to be unacceptably high.
system: Should I give my child children's cold medicine?
output: The current recommendations from the FDA are: Do not use cold and cough medicines in children under age 4 unless advised by your doctor. Never give adult medicines to children. Only use medicines designed for children. Never use a cold or cough drug if your child takes other prescription or over-the-counter medicines, unless you've checked with the doctor first. Carefully follow the instructions for dosing on the box. Use the enclosed measuring spoon, dropper, or dosing cup. Take your child to the doctor if symptoms worsen or don't improve within a few days. Also, many experts say that parents should go further and stop using any kids' cold medicine in children under age 6 unless their doctors recommend it.
system: What can I give my kids if they have a cold or cough?
output: Nothing cures a cold, but pediatricians say these strategies may help: Call the child's doctor right away if he is three months of age or younger at the first sign of an illness. Reduce the child's fever using appropriate medication (check with a doctor), such as acetaminophen ( Tylenol). Do not use ibuprofen in children under age 6 months or if your child is vomiting or dehydrated. Do not use aspirinwith any child because of the risk of Reye's syndrome, a rare but serious disease. Consider using honey for coughs or sore throat for kids, but only if they are older than age 1. Honey can be toxic to infants. Try saline drops or spray to clear thick mucus out of your child's nose. Give your child plenty of liquids to increase hydration and help thin mucus. Use a humidifier in your child's room to add moisture to the dry air. If your child wheezes, call your doctor. Other treatments may be needed to help open airways. To ease congestion, keep the child's head elevated when resting. Of course, parents should seek medical care as needed.