laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What is the multiple sclerosis progression expanded disability status scale?
output: The EDSS focuses mainly on your ability to walk. It is a less sensitive measure of other types of multiple sclerosis disability. It takes about 30 minutes to create a score. Then a few minutes are needed to establish the ratings in the EDSS scale.
system: Does multiple sclerosis progression vary from person to person?
output: Multiple sclerosis progression varies from person to person. And, the various MS types of disease progress in different ways, too. Scans and other multiple sclerosis tests don't always tell the whole story about MS disability; signs and symptoms and how well you are functioning each day -- from seeing to moving to thinking -- are also important measures of how well your central nervous system is working. That's why a variety of tools are useful in assessing multiple sclerosis disability. These help you and your doctor gauge whether your MS is improving, progressing, or staying about the same. Doctors also use these measures in clinical studies. This helps to see how well multiple sclerosis treatment is working.
system: What are measures that are used to assess multiple sclerosis disability?
output: Doctors also use these measures in clinical studies. In many cases, these are simple questionnaires. For example, the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life questionnaire asks you questions about your: Physical, cognitive, social, and sexual function Limitations due to physical or emotional problems Perceptions about your health Pain Energy Overall quality of life Emotional health Other scales measure specific aspects of disability such as: Bladder or bowel control Visual impairment Fatigue Mental health Pain Additional tests may help with measuring MS progression in the future.
system: What are the disease steps (DS) of multiple sclerosis?
output: The EDSS focuses mainly on your ability to walk. Doctors use it as a way to know when to begin therapy and to tell how you are responding to therapy. Scores range from 0, which is normal, to 6, which means you are unable to walk at all. To establish the rating, you walk 25 feet. In addition, the doctor takes a medical history and performs both physical and neurological exams. Altogether, the time needed to create the rating is no more than about 30 minutes.
system: What happens when you have a stroke on the left side of your brain?
output: With a stroke on the right side of your brain, you might have: Problems judging distances and picking things up Trouble reading facial expressions or tone of voice Weakness or paralysis on your left side With a stroke on the left side of your brain, you might have: Slurred speech Trouble getting your words out or understanding others Weakness or paralysis on your right side
system: What is a subarachnoid hemorrhagic stroke?
output: Subarachnoid hemorrhage: This is when a blood vessel around your brain bursts or leaks. It bleeds into the area between your brain and the tissue around it (the subarachnoid space). Like with an intracerebral hemorrhage, brain cells are damaged by lack of oxygen and added pressure. The more blood there is, the more pressure, and the more damage.
system: What happens when you have a stroke on the right side of your brain?
output: With a stroke on the right side of your brain, you might have: Problems judging distances and picking things up Trouble reading facial expressions or tone of voice Weakness or paralysis on your left side With a stroke on the left side of your brain, you might have: Slurred speech Trouble getting your words out or understanding others Weakness or paralysis on your right side
system: What is a thrombotic stroke?
output: This one's also caused by a clot in your brain. This time, a clot or blockage forms in one of the arteries that moves blood through your brain. Brain cells begin to die because blood flow is blocked.
system: What is an embolic stroke?
output: In this case, a clot forms in some part of your body, often your heart, and starts floating through your blood vessels. Or a piece of plaque (a buildup of cholesterol, fat, and other substances in your arteries) might break off and move along in your blood. Eventually, the clot or chunk of plaque gets wedged in a small blood vessel in your brain. Once it's stuck, blood flow to that area stops.
system: What is an intracerebral hemorrhagic stroke?
output: Intracerebral hemorrhage: With this type, a blood vessel inside your brain bursts or leaks, and that affects how much oxygen your brain gets. So as blood starts to build up, it puts pressure on your brain, and that can cause damage, too. And as blood spreads through your brain, it can block nerve cells and keep them from sending messages to other parts of your body. That can affect how well you remember, speak, and move.
system: Do I need to do anything to prepare for an estrogen test?
output: A man might have an estrogen test to: Check on whether puberty is delayed Diagnose enlarged male breasts, a condition with doctors call gynecomastia Find if high estrogen levels are due to low levels of testosterone or androgen --two key hormones in men Find tumors that make estrogen You don't need to do anything special to prepare for an estrogen test. You don't need to stop eating or drinking anything before it as you do with some types of blood tests. But before the test, you should tell your doctor about all the medications and supplements you take. It's especially important to tell your doctor if you take birth control pills or hormone therapy, which may affect the test results.
system: What happens during an estrogen test?
output: An estrogen test measures any of three forms of the hormone: Estrone ( E1) Estradiol ( E2) Estriol ( E3) A test for one type may be called an âestrone testâ or an â E1 test,â for example. During the test, your doctor or another health care professional will take a little blood from a vein in your arm. A lab will then test that blood sample.
system: How are denture adhesives applied?
output: Apply less than you think you need, and then gradually increase the amount until you feel comfortable. Distribute the adhesive evenly on the tissue bearing surface of the denture. Apply or reapply when necessary to provide the desired effect. Always apply the adhesive to a thoroughly clean denture. Remember adhesives work best with a well-fitting denture.
system: Will dentures change how I speak?
output: After getting dentures, you may have difficulty pronouncing certain words. If so, practice by saying the difficult words out loud. With practice and with time you will become accustomed to speaking properly with dentures. If dentures "click" while you're talking, contact your dentist. Dentures may occasionally slip when you laugh, cough, or smile. Reposition the dentures by gently biting down and swallowing. If any speaking problem persists, consult your dentist or prosthodontist.
system: Are there alternatives to dentures?
output: Yes, dental implants can be used to support cemented bridges, eliminating the need for a denture. The cost is usually greater, but the implants and bridges more closely resemble the feel of real teeth.
system: Will eating with new dentures be difficult?
output: Eating with new dentures will take a little practice and may be uncomfortable for some wearers for a few weeks. To get used to the new denture, start with soft foods cut into small pieces. Chew slowly using both sides of your mouth. As you get used to new dentures, add other foods until you return to a normal diet. Be cautious with hot or hard foods and sharp-edged bones or shells. And, avoid foods that are extremely sticky or hard.
system: Are denture adhesives safe?
output: Dental adhesives are safe as long as they are used as directed. If the denture is well-fitting and the adhesive is only used to give added stability, there should be no ill effects. If adhesives are used excessively to fill voids for an ill-fitting denture, they can be harmful to the underlying soft and hard tissues. Occasionally, in these cases, inflammation of the soft tissues can result. In addition, because of its movement on the soft tissue and underlying bone, an ill-fitting denture can cause bone loss.
system: What are the types of denture adhesives?
output: Paste application. Apply this denture adhesive to a dry or preferably wet denture. Avoid placing adhesive close to the denture borders. For dentures on the upper jaw, apply three short strips of adhesive -- or a series of small dots -- along the ridge area and one down the center. For dentures on the lower jaw, apply three short strips of adhesive -- or a series of small dots -- in the center of the ridge area. Sprinkle a thin, uniform layer throughout the tissue-bearing surface of the denture. Shake off excess powder and press the denture into place. Powders may be preferred over pastes because they are easier to clean off the denture and tissue.
system: What do new dentures feel like?
output: Cast a final denture Adjustments will be made as necessary New dentures may feel a little odd or loose for a few weeks until the muscles of the cheeks and tongue learn to keep them in place and you get comfortable inserting and removing them. Also, it is not unusual for minor irritation or soreness to occur and for saliva flow to increase when you first start wearing dentures, but these problems will diminish as the mouth adjusts. You should also avoid chewing gum while you wear the denture.
system: When shouldn't you use denture adhesives?
output: Made after the teeth have been removed and the gum tissue has begun to heal, a conventional denture is ready for placement in the mouth about eight to 12 weeks after the teeth have been removed. There are situations when denture adhesives should not be used. Those cases include: When it is used as a "fix" for ill-fitting or poorly constructed dentures. When a dentist has not evaluated dentures for a long time. These developments may indicate the need for a denture adjustment or new dentures. Apply less than you think you need, and then gradually increase the amount until you feel comfortable.
system: Does insurance cover the cost of dentures?
output: However, contact your company to find out the specifics of what they will cover. For dentures on the lower jaw, apply three short strips of adhesive -- or a series of small dots -- in the center of the ridge area.
system: What are complete dentures?
output: Two types of dentures are available -- complete and partial dentures. Complete dentures are used when all the teeth are missing, while partial dentures are used when some natural teeth remain. Complete dentures can be either "conventional" or "immediate." You should also avoid chewing gum while you wear the denture.
system: Will dentures make me look different?
output: Complete dentures are used when all the teeth are missing, while partial dentures are used when some natural teeth remain. In fact, dentures may even improve your smile and fill out your facial appearance. You should also avoid chewing gum while you wear the denture.
system: When should you seek medical care for myxedema coma?
output: People who have hypothyroidism and develop fever, changes in behavior or mental status, shortness of breath, or increased swelling of the hands and feet should be taken to an emergency department.
system: How can myxedema coma be prevented?
output: People with myxedema coma are in a coma or nearly in a coma.
system: What are treatments for myxedema coma?
output: Intravenous fluids Electrolytes replacement as necessary Thyroid hormones are usually administered through a vein (intravenously or IV) to quickly correct the low thyroid hormone blood level. Oral thyroid hormone is usually not used for severe myxedema because it may take days or weeks to obtain the proper blood level, and swallowing pills may not be safe. Intravenous cortisol or other adrenal cortical hormone Warming blanket if body temperature is low Glucose supplements if the blood sugar level is low Antibiotics if an infection is present Following the start of treatment, careful monitoring, usually in the intensive care unit, is necessary.
system: How can blood tests help in the diagnosis of myxedema coma?
output: Blood tests are performed to check blood cell count, electrolytes, sugar, and thyroid hormone levels. Tests are also performed to evaluate how the liver and adrenal glands are functioning.
system: What are symptoms of myxedema coma?
output: If you have severe hypothyroidism, then any of the following can contribute to myxedema coma: Infections, especially lung and urine infections Heart failure Stroke Trauma Surgery Drugs, such as phenothiazines, amiodarone, lithium, and tranquilizers, and prolonged iodide use Not taking prescribed thyroid medications Symptoms of hypothyroidism may include the following: Weakness Confusion or non-responsiveness Feeling cold Low body temperature Swelling of the body, especially the face, tongue, and lower legs Difficulty breathing People who have myxedema coma are in or near a coma and not able to function normally. In the emergency room, they may be treated for shock, low blood pressure, hypothermia, and electrolyte abnormalities.
system: What causes myxedema coma?
output: If you have severe hypothyroidism, then any of the following can contribute to myxedema coma: Infections, especially lung and urine infections Heart failure Stroke Trauma Surgery Drugs, such as phenothiazines, amiodarone, lithium, and tranquilizers, and prolonged iodide use Not taking prescribed thyroid medications Symptoms of hypothyroidism may include the following: Weakness Confusion or non-responsiveness Feeling cold Low body temperature Swelling of the body, especially the face, tongue, and lower legs Difficulty breathing People who have myxedema coma are in or near a coma and not able to function normally.
system: What is myxedema coma?
output: People with hypothyroidism have problems that reflect underactivity of the organs of the body, resulting in symptoms such as fatigue, feeling cold, weight gain, dry skin, and sleepiness. When the levels of thyroid hormones become very low, the symptoms get worse and can result in a serious condition called myxedema coma. Myxedema coma is a rare but life-threatening condition. People with hypothyroidism who are in or near a coma should be taken to an emergency department immediately.
system: What should you do when someone is in myxedema coma?
output: People with hypothyroidism who are in or near a coma should be taken to an emergency department immediately. If you have severe hypothyroidism, then any of the following can contribute to myxedema coma: Infections, especially lung and urine infections Heart failure Stroke Trauma Surgery Drugs, such as phenothiazines, amiodarone, lithium, and tranquilizers, and prolonged iodide use Not taking prescribed thyroid medications Symptoms of hypothyroidism may include the following: Weakness Confusion or non-responsiveness Feeling cold Low body temperature Swelling of the body, especially the face, tongue, and lower legs Difficulty breathing People who have myxedema coma are in or near a coma and not able to function normally. Friends or family members should take them to an emergency department immediately. Friends or family members should not give the person in myxedema coma any thyroid medication before taking him or her to the emergency department.
system: Is early treatment important for rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Even though there's nothing you can do to ensure you won't get it, keep in mind that early treatment can make your symptoms less painful and save your joints from damage. Ideally, you should begin treatment within 3 to 6 months of your first symptoms.
system: Is there a way to prevent rheumatoid arthritis?
output: And if you do get the disease, smoking can make it worse. There's no way to prevent RA, but you can lower your chances if you: Quit smoking.
system: Is there a link between rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal disease?
output: Take care of your gums: New research shows a link between RA and periodontal (gum) disease. Brush, floss, and see your dentist for regular checkups.
system: How does rheumatoid arthritis affect the body?
output: Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) happens when your body's defenses -- your immune system -- target the synovium, a thin layer of tissue that lines your joint. Your joints are usually the most severely affected, but the inflammation can spread to other organs and systems. RA causes ongoing pain, fatigue, and other problems. It's different from osteoarthritis, which results from breakdown of cartilage, the squishy tissue that cushions the ends of your joints.
system: How does rheumatoid arthritis happen?
output: Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) happens when your body's defenses -- your immune system -- target the synovium, a thin layer of tissue that lines your joint. Your joints are usually the most severely affected, but the inflammation can spread to other organs and systems. RA causes ongoing pain, fatigue, and other problems. It's different from osteoarthritis, which results from breakdown of cartilage, the squishy tissue that cushions the ends of your joints.
system: Can you do anything to prevent rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Extra weight, especially if you're under 55. And if you do get the disease, smoking can make it worse. There's no way to prevent RA, but you can lower your chances if you: Quit smoking. It's the one sure thing besides your genes that boosts your odds of getting RA. Some studies show it also can make the disease get worse faster and lead to more joint damage, especially if you're ages 55 or younger. If you're overweight and a smoker, your chances of developing RA go up. Take care of your gums: New research shows a link between RA and periodontal (gum) disease. Brush, floss, and see your dentist for regular checkups. Even though there's nothing you can do to ensure you won't get it, keep in mind that early treatment can make your symptoms less painful and save your joints from damage. Ideally, you should begin treatment within 3 to 6 months of your first symptoms.
system: What makes me more likely to get rheumatoid arthritis?
output: It isn't a normal part of aging. RA is more common in women than men. It's more likely in women who've never been pregnant and those who've recently given birth.
system: What makes you more likely to get rheumatoid arthritis?
output: It isn't a normal part of aging. RA is more common in women than men. It's more likely in women who've never been pregnant and those who've recently given birth.
system: What surfaces should be disinfected to prevent sickness?
output: Before, during, and after you prepare food Before you eat Before and after you care for a sick person Before and after you treat a cut or wound After you use the bathroom After you change a child's diaper or clean up after a child who's used the bathroom After you blow your nose, cough, or sneeze After you touch an animal or its waste After you feed your pet After you touch garbage Germs can linger on hard surfaces for hours or days. That's why it's important to keep places like counters, sinks, and faucets clean. You'll also want to wipe down phones, remotes, doorknobs, and light switches often.
system: How do catchy infections spread?
output: Sickness spreads in many ways. You can breathe in germs when someone talks, coughs, or sneezes. You get some diseases, like chickenpox or pinkeye, if you touch a person who has it. And you can catch others, like hepatitis B, by having sex with an infected person or by coming in contact with their blood.
system: Can sharing food make me sick?
output: Use soap. Before, during, and after you prepare food Before you eat Before and after you care for a sick person Before and after you treat a cut or wound After you use the bathroom After you change a child's diaper or clean up after a child who's used the bathroom After you blow your nose, cough, or sneeze After you touch an animal or its waste After you feed your pet After you touch garbage Germs can linger on hard surfaces for hours or days. One of the fastest ways for germs to spread from person to person is by mouth.
system: How will ovary removal surgery affect fertility?
output: Younger women may have concerns about their fertility, or whether or not they can become pregnant. It will depend on your situation. For example, if only one ovary is removed, the remaining ovary will probably still produce estrogen. And you will still have a menstrual cycle and be able to become pregnant. And there are other methods to help you with fertility. Make sure you talk to your doctor about all your options.
system: What are the risks of ovary removal surgery?
output: During surgery, there may be a risk of too much bleeding. This is usually fixed by blood transfusions. There could also be damage to surrounding organs like the bladder or bowel. This is rare and happens in less than 1% of all cases. Several days, or even several weeks after surgery, you may get an infection, which could cause a fever or redness and pain near your incision, for example. Or, you could develop a hernia, which is a weakness in the muscle near the incision. There are risks with all surgical procedures, and your doctor will discuss these risks with you before your surgery. But removal of your ovaries is usually considered a safe procedure. Always remember that if your doctor advises you to have this surgery it means the benefits outweigh the risks.
system: What is an open procedure to take out the ovaries?
output: An âopenâ procedure is the traditional way to perform the surgery. Using this method, your doctor will make one large incision, or cut, in your belly. This will allow him to see your ovaries, to separate each one from other tissues and the arteries that supply blood, and then remove them.
system: How long do you have to stay in the hospital after an ovary removal surgery?
output: For those procedures, you may stay in the hospital one day or be released the same day. You may stay in the hospital several days after an open procedure.
system: What happens during ovary removal surgery?
output: Depending on the medical condition you're treated for, you may just have one ovary removed, both ovaries removed, or both ovaries removed as well as your fallopian tubes. Sometimes, surgery to remove the ovaries is also performed during hysterectomy, or the surgical removal of the uterus.
system: How long does it take to recover from ovary removal surgery?
output: Your doctor will give you instructions about your return to an active lifestyle. But, in general, how quickly you can return to normal activities depends on your overall medical condition before surgery, the reason for your surgery, and the way your surgery was done. Most women return to an active life about 6 weeks after surgery. Women who had laparoscopic surgery or robot-assisted surgery generally have quicker recoveries of about 2 weeks.
system: What is a robotic-assisted ovary removal surgery?
output: In robotic-assisted ovary removal, your doctor makes several small incisions to put the robot's camera and specialized instruments in place so the ovaries and other organs can be seen. Your doctor, who is always in control of the robotic device, will then use the robot's specialized instrument arms to remove the ovaries. Also, in some cases, you doctor may begin to remove your ovaries using a laparoscopic technique, but once she sees what is happening inside, may have to change to an open procedure to treat your condition.
system: What are some reasons for ovary removal surgery?
output: Other women may have the operation to treat cancer. Problems like ovarian cysts, abscesses, benign tumors, or endometriosis are also conditions that may need this surgery. There are a few ways the surgery can be performed, and the method your doctor chooses depends on your particular situation.