laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: How do lower leg and foot prosthetic devices work?
output: It uses feedback from sensors to adjust joint movement, making walking more efficient and reducing the risk of falls. A number of factors are involved in choosing a prosthesis. The prosthesis is designed for one heel height only.
system: Is an upper endoscopy safe?
output: If you have severe abdominal pain, a continuous cough or fever, chills, chest pain, nausea, or vomiting within 72 hours after an upper endoscopy, call your doctor's office right away or go to the emergency room. Serious risks with an endoscopy are rare.
system: What is an upper endoscopy?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Upper endoscopy, also known as EGD, is a procedure in which a thin scope with a light and camera at its tip is used to look inside the upper digestive tract -- the esophagus, stomach, and first part of the small intestine, called the duodenum. Usually performed as an outpatient procedure, upper endoscopy sometimes must be performed in the hospital or emergency room to both identify and treat conditions such as upper digestive system bleeding. The procedure is commonly used to help identify the causes of: Abdominal or chest pain Nausea and vomiting Heartburn Bleeding Swallowing problems Endoscopy can also help identify inflammation, ulcers, and tumors.
system: Who is at risk of getting actinic keratosis?
output: People with fair skin, blond or red hair, and blue or green eyes are most at risk of developing these rough, scaly patches, or keratoses. A history of a sunburn also increases the risk. If not treated, these patches can develop into a more serious form of skin cancer, although this is unusual.
system: What are common side effects of peginterferon for hepatitis C?
output: Side effects can include: Flu-like symptoms (headache, fatigue, fever, chills, muscle aches) Arthritis-like pain in back, joints Gastrointestinal problems (nausea, abdominal pain, diarrhea) Insomnia Depression Low blood cell counts Talk to your doctor if you've had an organ transplant, or if you're pregnant, breastfeeding, or plan to get pregnant while taking it.
system: What are common side effects of Olysio for hepatitis C?
output: You have to take it along with ribavirin and/or interferon, and you'll probably be on it for 12 to 24 weeks.
system: What are common side effects of Sovaldi for hepatitis C?
output: It will probably cause: Flu-like symptoms (fatigue, headache) Nausea Insomnia Low red blood cell count Itching Don't take St. John's wort while you're on this medication.
system: What are common side effects of Harvoni for hepatits C?
output: Side effects usually include: Headache Fatigue Nausea Diarrhea Don't take it if you've had hepatitis B in the past.
system: What are common side effects of ribavirin for hepatitis C?
output: You can expect to have: Flu-like side effects (fever, headache, chills, muscle aches) Gastrointestinal problems (low appetite, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) Low blood cell counts Depression Insomnia Hair loss Sofosbuvir ( Sovaldi) with interferon and ribavirin Take this tablet at the same time every day with food.
system: What are common side effects of Zepatier for hepatitis C?
output: You can expect to have: Fatigue Headache Skin reactions Low red blood cell count Gastrointestinal problems (nausea, diarrhea, abdominal pain) If you're also taking ribavirin ( Rebetol, Virazole), you could have joint pain, anemia, or feel depressed.
system: What are common side effects of Mavyret for hepatitis C?
output: Side effects usually include: Headache Fatigue Nausea Diarrhea Don't take it if you've had hepatitis B in the past.
system: Are side effects a problem with hepatitis C treatment?
output: Treatment now involves direct-acting antiviral drugs ( DAAs). These medicines are highly effective for most people with hepatitis C and are interferon-free and often ribavirin-free. This means they typically have fewer side effects. The treatments are often simpler, using fewer pills for a shorter amount of time. DAAs are available as either single drugs or combined with other medicines in one pill.
system: What are common side effects of Viekira Pack for hepatitis C?
output: Other treatment options include: daclatasvir ( Daklinza); ombitasvir-paritaprevir-ritonavir plus dasabuvir, ( Viekira Pak) ombitasvir-paritaprevir-ritonavir ( Technivie); or some combinations of simeprevir ( Olysio); sofosbuvir ( Sovaldi); peginterferon or ribavirin. During treatment, you may notice: Fatigue Nausea Itching Skin reactions Insomnia Weakness Severe liver injury if given to someone who already has severe liver disease If you use it with ribavirin, watch out for skin redness or rash.
system: What can do to ease the side effects of hepatitis C treatment?
output: It could also cause: Fatigue Headache If your doctor prescribes ribavirin along with it, you may also have diarrhea, an upset stomach, and trouble sleeping. Try to take it the same day at the same time. Check with your doctor before you take any. Some -- such as high doses of vitamins, like A and D, or minerals like iron -- can hurt your liver. Eat smaller, healthier meals and skip spicy, acidic foods. Ask your doctor about medications that might help ease nausea or diarrhea. Use moisturizing soaps and lotions to help with dry skin. Don't take long, hot showers or baths. For a dry mouth or sour mouth, brush your teeth often and suck on sugar-free candies. Drink lots of water.
system: Can mindfullness help me lose weight?
output: With food, you have multiple chances to be mindful: Do a gut check to see if you're really hungry before you eat. Focus on each bite, savoring its flavor and texture. Notice if what you're saying to yourself is helpful. Do another gut check to see how full you are. That way you can stop eating when you feel full instead of mindlessly cleaning your plate.
system: How can you practice mindfulness?
output: Here's how to be mindful when you have a few minutes to yourself and don't need to concentrate on a more pressing task (like driving): First, pause and focus on your body. Notice what you see and hear. Also, check what you smell, taste, and feel. Don't label these sensations as good or bad. Just let them go. Then narrow your focus. Give each part of your body a moment of your full attention. Next, be more intent on your breath. Where in your body do you feel it most? When your mind wanders (and it will), simply return to your breath. There's no need to beat yourself up for losing focus.
system: Why should I practice mindfulness?
output: You're on autopilot, for instance, when you back out of your driveway and head to work on a Saturday when you meant to go to the park. Let's say you find yourself eating a bag of chips in front of the TV -- your evening pattern. Being mindful can help you break free from the autopilot trance and take a moment to make a different choice. You could trade the chips for carrots, or decide to skip TV and take a walk around the block instead. Does the activity you're doing make your body feel good while you're doing it?
system: Can mindfulness help you get in shape?
output: Here's how to be mindful when you have a few minutes to yourself and don't need to concentrate on a more pressing task (like driving): First, pause and focus on your body. How do you exercise mindfully? Tune in to how your body feels. Are your muscles tense? Do you feel antsy? Does the activity you're doing make your body feel good while you're doing it? If the exercise targets a certain body part, how does that part feel while you're doing it? Notice your thoughts about how you're moving. Are the thoughts encouraging?
system: What should you know about your medications to help prevent another heart attack?
output: Be clear on how and when to take them. Ask your doctor about side effects. Learn what each medicine does and why you're taking it. Make a list of the things you take. Keep it with you in case of an emergency or if you need to talk with another doctor about them.
system: How can my dietitian help me recover from a heart attack?
output: Ask your doctor if there are foods you shouldn't eat. Changing your diet is easier if you work with a dietitian. She can help you plan menus and find recipes. She'll also help you find resources that let you focus on eating healthy foods. If you aren't able to work with a dietitian as part of your rehab program, ask your doctor for a referral. You can also find recipes and nutritional aids on the web.
system: How does treating high blood pressure and high cholesterol help in preventing a heart attack?
output: Treat high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Both of these damage your arteries. Over time, they increase your risk of heart attack and stroke. Exercise, a healthy diet, and lifestyle changes can help. But they may not be enough. You may be prescribed medicine to help.
system: How long will I be in the hospital after a heart attack?
output: Typically, you'll be in the hospital for 2 days to a week after a heart attack. But if you have complications, or if you've had other procedures, like bypass surgery, you'll probably stay longer.
system: What do you do in a cardiac rehab program?
output: Most cardiac rehab programs consist of three parts: Exercise led by a certified exercise specialist Classes on how to lower your risk of further problems Support for dealing with stress, anxiety, and depression You'll need to do some stuff to help lower your risk of heart attack and heart disease: Stop smoking.
system: How does a cardiac rehab program help me recover from a heart attack?
output: He may have you take a stress test to see what level of exercise is safe to start with. But the real goal is to become more active in everyday life.
system: How do you treat genital herpes?
output: Genital herpes : Once you are infected with genital herpes, the virus remains in your body for life. After the first outbreak, herpes may flare up several times per year, but these episodes may lessen over time. Antiviral medication (such as Famvir, Valtrex, and Zovirax) can help reduce the length and severity of both the initial and subsequent herpes outbreaks. If you have outbreaks often, you may want to use suppressive therapy.
system: Can you treat an STD by yourself?
output: These diseases are contagious and serious. You must see a doctor. Bacterial STDs can be cured with antibiotics if treatment begins early enough. Viral STDs cannot be cured, but you can manage symptoms with medications. There is a vaccine against hepatitis B, but it will not help if you already have the disease.
system: How do you treat syphilis?
output: Early treatment is crucial to prevent the bacteria from spreading to and damaging other organs.
system: How do you treat chlamydia and gonorrhea?
output: Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: These STDs are treated with antibiotics. You should begin taking them if tests show you have chlamydia or gonorrhea or if you have been exposed to them, even though you may not have symptoms. Your sex partners will also have to be treated regardless of whether they have symptoms. Certain strains of gonorrhea have become resistant to some antibiotics, so you may have to take more than one drug to fight gonorrhea. Make sure your partner also seeks treatment.
system: How do you treat HIV?
output: Here are some specific STD treatments: HIV / AIDS: Since AIDS is not curable, treatment focuses on keeping HIV levels in check. Antiretroviral drugs are the standard therapy for HIV infection, and usually you will be given several drugs to take, a so-called drug "cocktail."
system: How do you treat genital warts?
output: However, you will still carry the virus that causes warts and can still transmit it to sex partners. If you do choose to treat genital warts, you have several options. Freezing the warts or applying medication directly to them are often the first choices. If genital warts do not respond to these options, surgery may be necessary to remove them.
system: What medications can make you lose potassium?
output: Some diuretics for heart failure can make you lose potassium in your pee. If you are taking one, have your levels checked. If yours are low, you can raise them by taking a supplement or eating more potassium-rich foods.
system: What medications can raise your levels of potassium?
output: Some medications can raise your levels, including some ACE inhibitors, spironolactone ( Aldactone), triamterene, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole ( Bactrim).
system: How does potassium help your heart?
output: A hundred thousand times a day, it helps trigger your heart to squeeze blood through your body. It also helps your muscles to move, your nerves to work, and your kidneys to filter blood. Regulated heartbeat: Potassium enables your heart to beat in a healthy way.
system: How much potassium do you need per day?
output: It also helps your muscles to move, your nerves to work, and your kidneys to filter blood. The best way to get enough potassium is to eat fruits and vegetables. Ask your doctor before starting a potassium supplement.
system: What's a rigid bronchoscopy?
output: In rigid bronchoscopy, a long metal tube (rigid bronchoscope) is advanced into a person's windpipe and main airways. The rigid bronchoscope's large diameter allows the doctor to use more sophisticated surgical tools and techniques. Rigid bronchoscopy requires general anesthesia (unconsciousness with assisted breathing), similar to a surgical procedure.
system: What is a flexible bronchoscopy?
output: During bronchoscopy, a doctor advances a flexible endoscope (bronchoscope) through a person's mouth or nose into the windpipe. The doctor advances the bronchoscope through the airways in each lung, checking for problems. Images from inside the lung are displayed on a video screen. The bronchoscope has a channel at its tip, through which a doctor can pass small tools. Using these tools, the doctor can perform several other interventional pulmonology procedures.
system: What is the advantage of interventional pulmonology procedures?
output: Interventional pulmonology procedures offer the potential advantage of avoiding more invasive surgery. For example, before interventional pulmonology, biopsy of lymph nodes in the chest required chest wall surgery.
system: What is a balloon bronchoplasty?
output: A doctor advances a deflated balloon into a section of abnormally narrowed airway. By inflating the balloon with water, the airway is expanded, potentially relieving symptoms. Balloon bronchoplasty may be performed prior to airway stent placement to help expand a bronchus.
system: What is bronchoalveolar lavage?
output: Bronchoalveolar lavage is performed during bronchoscopy. Sterile water is injected through the bronchoscope into a segment of the lung. The fluid is then suctioned back and sent for tests. Bronchoalveolar lavage can help diagnose infection, cancer, bleeding, and other conditions.
system: What is bronchoscopic thermoplasty?
output: Thermoplasty is an interventional pulmonology procedure for certain people with severe asthma that can't be controlled with medications. During bronchoscopy, a doctor applies a heat probe to the walls of the airways. The heat destroys the smooth muscle layers whose constriction contributes to asthma symptoms.
system: What is pleurodesis?
output: Pleurodesis is an interventional pulmonology procedure performed for people with recurring pleural effusions (fluid around the lungs). In pleurodesis, a doctor makes an incision in the chest wall. A plastic tube is inserted into the chest cavity, and an irritating chemical is sprayed around the lung. Over time, the inflamed lung lining (pleura) adheres tightly to the chest wall. This prevents fluid from reaccumulating around the lung.
system: What are some conditions an airway stent can help with?
output: Biopsies can detect cancer, infection, sarcoidosis, and other conditions. Airway stent (bronchial stent). Expanding the stent can open a bronchus and relieve symptoms caused by the constriction.
system: What is interventional pulmonology?
output: Using these tools, the doctor can perform several other interventional pulmonology procedures. Bronchoalveolar lavage can help diagnose infection, cancer, bleeding, and other conditions. A doctor may be able to remove the object using flexible bronchoscopy, or rigid bronchoscopy may be required.
system: How might an interventional pulmonologist remove an inhaled object that's lodged in your airway?
output: Bronchoscopy is the most common interventional pulmonology procedure. A doctor may be able to remove the object using flexible bronchoscopy, or rigid bronchoscopy may be required.
system: Is body odor normal?
output: These hormones are not active until puberty, which is why body odor wasn't a problem when you were a kid. While sweat itself is virtually odorless, bacteria use it as a breeding ground and multiply rapidly. What you smell is the products related to bacteria breakdown of keratin protein on the surface of your skin.
system: Why do my feet smell?
output: While body odor is usually associated with the armpits, bacteria can also produce odor in the groin, anus area, upper thighs, and feet, among other places. Thoroughly washing your skin with a wet washcloth and soap -- especially those areas prone to sweating -- can help prevent body odor. Remember that smelly feet can also cause smelly shoes. Treating your shoes with an over-the-counter deodorizer can help. Also, wear thick, absorbent socks if you can.
system: What are some tips to fight body odor?
output: While sweat itself is virtually odorless, bacteria use it as a breeding ground and multiply rapidly. If you want to be "odor-free" consider the following tips: Apply an antiperspirant at bedtime. This gives the product a chance to work while you sleep and are not sweating. If you apply antiperspirants after showering in the morning, the sweat you accumulate will wash away the product and render you defenseless against daytime sweating. Remember, deodorants do not prevent sweating. They mainly mask the smell of the sweat on your skin. Keep your underarms dry. Bacteria have a hard time breeding in dry areas of the body. Try a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water to fight body odor. Use 1 teaspoon of peroxide (3%) to 1 cup (8 ounces) of water. Wipe this on affected areas (underarm, feet, groin) with a washcloth. This may help destroy some of the bacteria that creates odor. If sweat from working out is your No. Change your diet. Sometimes, fatty foods, oils, or strong-smelling foods such as garlic, curry, and onions, can seep through your pores and cause body odor (always see a doctor or dietician before making drastic dietary changes). If you have excessive sweating (called hyperhidrosis), talk to your doctor. There are a few treatment options for those with more severe sweating who desire more aggressive treatments. Also, certain medical problems can lead to excessive sweating. Your doctor can make a diagnosis and prescribe treatment. Shaving your underarm regularly will help prevent the accumulation of bacteria and can reduce sweat and odor.
system: What's the best way to fight body odor?
output: Sweating is the body's way of regulating temperature. For most teens, proper hygiene -- like washing well and applying an underarm antiperspirant or deodorant -- should be enough.
system: What should I do to take care of my skin?
output: Wash your face twice a day -- once in the morning and once at night before you go to bed. Limit your time outside, especially between 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. Always wear a broad-spectrum sunscreen with the physical blocker zinc oxide and a sun protection factor ( SPF) of 30 or greater. Wear protective clothing, like a long-sleeved shirt, pants, and a wide-brimmed hat. Pay attention to all parts of your skin so you'll notice any changes in moles or patches that might indicate skin cancer. Go to the doctor when you have a question.
system: What are the advantages of lasers over drills in dentistry?
output: Pros Compared to the traditional dental drill, lasers: May cause less pain in some instances, so reduces the need for anesthesia May reduce anxiety in patients uncomfortable with the use of the dental drill Minimize bleeding and swelling during soft tissue treatments May preserve more healthy tooth during cavity removal Cons The disadvantages of lasers are that: Lasers can't be used on teeth with fillings already in place.
system: How do lasers work in dentistry?
output: A peroxide bleaching solution, applied to the tooth surface, is ''activated" by laser energy, which speeds up of the whitening process. All lasers work by delivering energy in the form of light. When used for surgical and dental procedures, the laser acts as a cutting instrument or a vaporizer of tissue that it comes in contact with. When used in teeth-whitening procedures, the laser acts as a heat source and enhances the effect of tooth-bleaching agents.
system: What are the disadvantages of lasers over drills in dentistry?
output: Pros Compared to the traditional dental drill, lasers: May cause less pain in some instances, so reduces the need for anesthesia May reduce anxiety in patients uncomfortable with the use of the dental drill Minimize bleeding and swelling during soft tissue treatments May preserve more healthy tooth during cavity removal Cons The disadvantages of lasers are that: Lasers can't be used on teeth with fillings already in place. Lasers can't be used in many commonly performed dental procedures. Traditional drills may still be needed to shape the filling, adjust the bite, and polish the filling even when a laser is used. Lasers do not eliminate the need for anesthesia. Laser treatment tends to be more expensive -- the cost of the laser is much higher than a dental drill.
system: How is laser used in dentistry?
output: Still, some dentists are using lasers to treat: Tooth decay. Lasers are used to remove decay within a tooth and prepare the surrounding enamel for receipt of the filling. Gum disease. Lasers are used to reshape gums and remove bacteria during root canal procedures. Biopsy or lesion removal. Lasers can be used to remove a small piece of tissue (called a biopsy) so that it can be examined for cancer. Lasers are used to speed up in-office teeth whitening procedures. A peroxide bleaching solution, applied to the tooth surface, is ''activated" by laser energy, which speeds up of the whitening process.
system: Are there any cancer vaccines for non-small-cell lung cancer?
output: Immunotherapy is one of the newest treatment options for metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer. There are a few types of immunotherapy.
system: What are checkpoint inhibitors?
output: There are a few types of immunotherapy. Imagine your immune system is a car. When you get immunotherapy drugs it's like taking your foot off the brakes so the car can go full speed ahead.
system: When might your doctor take you off checkpoint inhibitors for non-small-cell lung cancer?
output: These drugs work at checkpoints and fire up your immune system to destroy cancer cells. You take them through IV infusion every 2-3 weeks: Atezolizumab ( Tecentriq) Durvalumab ( Imfinzi) Nivolumab ( Opdivo) Pembrolizumab ( Keytruda) But when your immune system runs full throttle, there can be serious side effects. It could attack your lungs, intestines, liver, hormone-making glands, kidneys, or other organs. If this happens, your doctor will take you off the drug and give you corticosteroids. They'll quiet your immune system down again.
system: What is the lymphatic system?
output: The lymphatic system is a network of nodes (knots of tissue) connected by vessels that drain fluid and waste products from the body. The lymph nodes act as tiny filters, straining out foreign organisms and cells. The lymphatic system also is involved in producing important white blood cells called lymphocytes that help protect you against various infections caused by bacteria, viruses, and fungi.