laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What treatments are available for men with diabetes and erectile dysfunction?
output: Men with diabetes having trouble with achieving and/or maintaining an erection can take oral medications like sildenafil ( Revatio, Viagra), tadalafil ( Adcirca, Cialis), avanafil ( Stendra), or vardenafil ( Levitra, Staxyn). However, because people with diabetes also tend to have problems with their heart, these medications may not be appropriate and could cause dangerous interactions with some heart medicines. Talk to your doctor to determine what treatment is best. Additional treatments men with diabetes might want to consider include intracavernous injection therapy, vacuum erection (not constriction) devices, venous constriction devices (for venous leak syndrome), intraurethral therapy, penile prostheses (inflatable and malleable), and sex therapy.
system: Are there treatments available for men with diabetes and erectile dysfunction?
output: Men with diabetes having trouble with achieving and/or maintaining an erection can take oral medications like sildenafil ( Revatio, Viagra), tadalafil ( Adcirca, Cialis), avanafil ( Stendra), or vardenafil ( Levitra, Staxyn). However, because people with diabetes also tend to have problems with their heart, these medications may not be appropriate and could cause dangerous interactions with some heart medicines. Talk to your doctor to determine what treatment is best.
system: Does Avastin (bevacizumab) cure colon cancer?
output: But Avastin makes chemotherapy work better. A: Avastin is approved for the treatment of cancer of the colon or rectum that has spread to other parts of the body. It must be given along with chemotherapy that includes a drug called 5-fluorouracil (5- FU) or capecitabine ( Xeloda).
system: Does a person taking Avastin (bevacizumab) still need chemotherapy?
output: A: Avastin doesn't work all by itself. Chemotherapy is still needed. But Avastin makes chemotherapy work better.
system: Can skipping meals trigger a migraine headache?
output: Everyday things can trigger a migraine headache -- foods, drinks, exercise, medications, stress, too much or too little sleep, bright lights, hunger, smells, and hormones, to name a few. Chances are, the items that get the most checks are your triggers.
system: What are home care measures for genital herpes?
output: First, simple self-care may be enough to relieve most discomfort caused by genital herpes. Taking an over-the-counter pain reliever, such as aspirin, acetaminophen, or ibuprofen, can help ease the pain of herpes symptoms. Doctors sometimes recommend soaking the affected area in warm water. But the area should be kept dry most of the time. If toweling off after bathing is uncomfortable, try using a hair dryer. Then put on cotton underwear. Cotton absorbs moisture better than synthetic fabric does.
system: What do physical therapists specialize in?
output: It uses exercise and other methods to stimulate muscles, bones, and joints. It's a good idea to work with a therapist, whether you've had RA for a long time, you're newly diagnosed, and no matter how severe it is.
system: How can physical therapy help treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
output: It uses exercise and other methods to stimulate muscles, bones, and joints. It's a good idea to work with a therapist, whether you've had RA for a long time, you're newly diagnosed, and no matter how severe it is. In the early stages of the disease, your physical therapist can check on your strength, fitness, and how well your joints work. She'll make an exercise plan to keep your joints as healthy as possible. If you have moderate or advanced rheumatoid arthritis, physical therapy can help you keep or improve your strength and flexibility.
system: What other things can help treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
output: If you have moderate or advanced rheumatoid arthritis, physical therapy can help you keep or improve your strength and flexibility. Assistive devices are products or improvements that make common tasks easier.
system: What is vascular dementia?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Vascular dementia, also known as multi-infarct dementia is the second most common cause of dementia in older people. Because it has a lower profile than Alzheimer's, many people don't suspect vascular dementia when forgetfulness becomes problematic. It's also difficult to diagnose so it's difficult to know exactly how many people suffer from vascular dementia.
system: How are symptoms of vascular dementia different from Alzheimer's disease?
output: They may include: Problems with short-term memory Wandering or getting lost in familiar surroundings Laughing or crying at inappropriate times Trouble concentrating, planning, or following through on activities Trouble managing money Inability to follow instructions Loss of bladder or bowel control Hallucinations or delusions Symptoms that suddenly get worse often signal a stroke. Doctors look for symptoms that progress in noticeable stages to diagnose vascular dementia. Alzheimer's, by comparison, progresses at a slow, steady pace. Another clue is impaired coordination or balance. In vascular dementia, problems walking or balancing can happen early. With Alzheimer's, these symptoms usually occur late in the disease.
system: What causes vascular dementia?
output: Vascular dementia occurs when vessels that supply blood to the brain become blocked or narrowed. Strokes take place when the supply of blood carrying oxygen to the brain is suddenly cut off. However, not all people with stroke will develop vascular dementia. Vascular dementia can occur over time as "silent" strokes pile up. Quite often, vascular dementia draws attention to itself only when the impact of so many strokes adds up to significant disability.
system: What is the outlook for people with vascular dementia?
output: If the conditions that cause vascular dementia go untreated, the prognosis is not good. A person with vascular dementia may seem to improve for periods of time until another stroke takes away more brain function, memory, and independence. Eventually, untreated vascular dementia usually ends in death from stroke, heart disease, or infection. Although vascular dementia is a serious condition, catching it early and preventing further damage are the best medicine. People with vascular dementia can work with their doctors and families to detect and manage the condition.
system: What is the treatment for vascular dementia?
output: Currently, no available treatments can repair the damage of vascular dementia once it's happened. Nonetheless, diagnosis provides important knowledge and the opportunity to prevent further damage. Prevention typically involves bringing high blood pressure under control through exercise, diet, and medication. The same goes for diabetes if it exists. Patients should stop smoking and curb the use of alcohol.
system: Why is somatic symptom disorder a difficult diagnosis?
output: Doctors need to perform many tests to rule out other possible causes before diagnosing SSD. The diagnosis of SSD can create a lot of stress and frustration for patients. They may feel unsatisfied if there's no better physical explanation for their symptoms or if they are told their level of distress about a physical illness is excessive. Stress often leads patients to become more worried about their health, and this creates a vicious cycle that can persist for years.
system: What is conversion disorder?
output: This condition is diagnosed when people have neurological symptoms that can't be traced back to a medical cause. For example, patients may have symptoms such as: Weakness or paralysis Abnormal movements (such as tremor, unsteady gait, or seizures) Blindness Hearing loss Loss of sensation or numbness Stress usually makes symptoms of conversion disorder worse.
system: Does a headache mean you have brain cancer?
output: Seek emergency medical help right away if you have any of the following symptoms: Unexplained, persistent vomiting Double vision or unexplained blurring of vision, especially on only one side Lethargy or increased sleepiness New seizures New pattern or type of headaches Although headaches are thought to be a common symptom of brain cancer, they may not occur until late in the progression of the disease. If any significant change in your headache pattern occurs, your health care provider may suggest that you go the hospital.
system: What are symptoms of brain cancer?
output: The symptoms of brain cancer are numerous and not specific to brain tumors, meaning they can be caused by many other illnesses. The following symptoms are most common: Headache Weakness Clumsiness Difficulty walking Seizures Other nonspecific symptoms and signs include the following: Altered mental status -- changes in concentration, memory, attention, or alertness Nausea, vomiting Abnormalities in vision Difficulty with speech Gradual changes in intellectual capacity or emotional response In many people, the onset of these symptoms is very gradual and may be missed by both the person with the brain tumor and the family. In some instances, the person acts as if he or she is having a stroke. Seek emergency medical help right away if you have any of the following symptoms: Unexplained, persistent vomiting Double vision or unexplained blurring of vision, especially on only one side Lethargy or increased sleepiness New seizures New pattern or type of headaches Although headaches are thought to be a common symptom of brain cancer, they may not occur until late in the progression of the disease.
system: What is metatarsalgia?
output: The term describes pain and inflammation in the ball of the foot. It is often thought of as a symptom of other conditions, rather than as a specific disease. Frequency In the U. S., forefoot injuries, including metatarsalgia, are common in athletes who participate in high-impact sports.
system: How is metatarsalgia diagnosed?
output: X-rays may be helpful in excluding other causes of forefoot pain. A bone scan can pinpoint places of inflammation. Ultrasound can help identify conditions such as bursitis or Morton neuroma that can be causing pain in the metatarsal region of the foot. The doctor may also ask for an MRI to help detect and diagnose many causes of pain in the metatarsal and midfoot regions. These can include traumatic disorders, circulatory conditions, arthritis, neuroarthropathies, and conditions that result in biomechanical imbalance.
system: What medications are used in the recovery phase of metatarsalgia?
output: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, such as ibuprofen or naproxen, are useful; however, they rarely provide a long-term solution.
system: What can make someone more likely to have forefoot problems?
output: The following factors can contribute to excessive localized pressure over the forefoot: High level of activity Prominent metatarsal heads Tight toe extensors (muscles) Weak toe flexors (muscles) Hammertoe deformity Hypermobile first foot bone Tight Achilles tendon Excessive pronation (side-to-side movement of the foot when walking or running) Ill-fitting footwear Some anatomical conditions may predispose individuals to forefoot problems. They include: A high arch A short first metatarsal bone or a long second metatarsal bone is often seen in people with a Morton toe; the normal forefoot balance is disturbed, resulting in the shift of an increased amount of weight to the second metatarsal.
system: How common is metatarsalgia?
output: Frequency In the U. S., forefoot injuries, including metatarsalgia, are common in athletes who participate in high-impact sports.
system: What does C. difficile cause?
output: An infection with C. difficile bacteria causes severe and sometimes life-threatening diarrhea and inflammation in the colon, called colitis. Probiotics may keep you from getting this germ. And there's some evidence they might stop the problem from coming back. That's important, since repeat infections become hard to control. Scientists have done many studies of Saccharomyces boulardii against this type of bacteria. It appears to help, especially when combined with lactobacillus strains.
system: How do probiotics help inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
output: Some studies show probiotics may also help treat Crohn's disease, the other form of IBD, but the results aren't as strong.
system: Where can I find probiotics?
output: You can find probiotics in certain foods, like yogurt, and they also come in the form of supplements. Look for probiotics with a specific type of bacteria that's been tested and found to work. Make sure the product has a Good Manufacturing Practices ( GMP) seal. Choose products that say that they still work "through end of shelf life" rather than "at time of manufacture."
system: How can probiotics help stomach problems?
output: But diarrhea can throw the microbes in your gut off balance. Probiotics may help get things back on track. You can find probiotics in certain foods, like yogurt, and they also come in the form of supplements. Not all probiotics can ease diarrhea, though, and some help only certain types of diarrhea. This can upset the normal balance in your intestines, leading to diarrhea. When you're away from home, you may get diarrhea when you eat or drink contaminated food or water.
system: What types of exercise can you do with COPD?
output: Among the exercises you can do are: Stretching. You can do stretches as an exercise or use them as a warm-up and cool-down before and after exercise. Stretches improve flexibility, prevent injury, and get your heart pumping. This doesn't have to be a high-intensity workout. A 30-minute walk or swim a few times a week can boost the amount of oxygen in your system. Resistance. Strength exercises -- which you can do with exercise bands, weights, or even working against your own muscle resistance (isometrics) -- build muscles and ease breathing.
system: What are diet tips for COPD?
output: Follow a high-fiber diet -- about 20 to 35 grams a day -- with vegetables, fruits, whole grains, bran, and pasta. Some other nutrition tips to remember: Keep a good body weight. Cut the salt, and drink plenty of fluids. To keep energy levels high, eat lots of small meals instead of one big one, avoid junk-food snacks, and do some light exercise before you eat.
system: What breathing exercises help COPD?
output: There are two key breathing exercises you should try: Pursed-lips breathing. Breathe in through your nose for 2 seconds. This exercise slows your breathing, keeps your airways open, and helps boost oxygen. Abdominal (diaphragmatic) breathing. Put one hand on your heart and the other on your stomach. Inhale through your nose, making sure your stomach expands. Slowly breathe out through pursed lips, pressing on your belly.
system: How do allergy shots for insect stings work?
output: Allergy shots for insect stings put tiny amounts of the allergen (you may hear it called âinsect venomâ) into your body over time. Your body gets used to the allergen, and if you get stung again, you won't have such a bad reaction.
system: What are side effects of allergy shots for insect stings?
output: If allergy shots are right for you, your doctor will first test to find out which insects you're allergic to. You may have some redness and warmth at the injection site. You could also have: Itching Hives Swelling of the skin In rare cases, allergy shots can cause a more serious or even life-threatening reaction. For that reason, you'll get your shots at your doctor's office. Allergy shots aren't for everyone.
system: What are symptoms of heart valve disease?
output: Arrhythmia symptoms may include: Palpitations (a feeling of skipped heart beats, fluttering or "flip-flops," or feeling that your heart is "running away") Pounding in your chest Dizziness, feeling lightheaded, or fainting Shortness of breath Chest discomfort Weakness or fatigue Symptoms of heart valve disease may include: Shortness of breath and/or difficulty catching your breath Weakness or dizziness Fainting Discomfort in your chest during an activity Palpitations that may feel like a rapid heart rhythm, irregular heartbeat, skipped beats or a flip-flop feeling in your chest If valve disease causes heart failure, symptoms may include: Swelling of your ankles, feet, or abdomen Quick weight gain (a weight gain of two or three pounds in one day is possible) Symptoms do not always relate to the seriousness of your valve disease.
system: What are symptoms of arrhythmias?
output: Arrhythmia symptoms may include: Palpitations (a feeling of skipped heart beats, fluttering or "flip-flops," or feeling that your heart is "running away") Pounding in your chest Dizziness, feeling lightheaded, or fainting Shortness of breath Chest discomfort Weakness or fatigue Symptoms of heart valve disease may include: Shortness of breath and/or difficulty catching your breath Weakness or dizziness Fainting Discomfort in your chest during an activity Palpitations that may feel like a rapid heart rhythm, irregular heartbeat, skipped beats or a flip-flop feeling in your chest If valve disease causes heart failure, symptoms may include: Swelling of your ankles, feet, or abdomen Quick weight gain (a weight gain of two or three pounds in one day is possible) Symptoms do not always relate to the seriousness of your valve disease.
system: What are the symptoms of a heart attack (myocardial infarction)?
output: Shortness of breath Palpitations (irregular heart beats, skipped beats, or a "flip-flop" feeling in your chest) Rapid heartbeat Weakness or dizziness Nausea Sweating Symptoms of a heart attack may include: Discomfort, pressure, heaviness, or pain in the chest or left arm Fullness, indigestion, or a choking feeling (may feel like heartburn) Discomfort radiating to the back, jaw, throat, or arm Sweating, nausea, vomiting, or dizziness Extreme weakness, anxiety, or shortness of breath Rapid or irregular heartbeats Heart attack symptoms usually last 30 minutes or longer, and are not relieved by rest or by taking a form of heart medication called nitroglycerin.
system: What are symptoms of congenital heart disease in adults?
output: In adults, if symptoms of congenital heart disease are present, they may include: Shortness of breath Limited ability to exercise Symptoms of heart failure (see above) or valve disease (see above) Symptoms of congenital heart disease in infants and children may include: Cyanosis (a bluish tint to the skin, fingernails, and lips) Fast breathing and poor feeding Poor weight gain Recurrent lung infections Inability to exercise Many people with heart muscle disease have no symptoms or only minor symptoms and live a normal life.
system: What are symptoms of heart muscle disease (cardiomyopathy)?
output: Symptoms of cardiomyopathy can occur at any age and may include: Chest pain or pressure (occurs usually with exercise or physical activity, but can also occur with rest or after meals) Heart failure symptoms (see above) Swelling of the lower extremities Fatigue Fainting Palpitations (fluttering in the chest due to abnormal heart rhythms) Sudden death can occur in a small number of people with cardiomyopathy.
system: What are symptoms of pericarditis?
output: When present, symptoms of pericarditis may include: Chest pain. This pain is different from angina. It may be sharp and located in the center of the chest. The pain may radiate to the neck and occasionally, the arms and back. It is made worse by lying down, coughing, swallowing, or taking a deep breath, and is relieved by sitting forward. Low-grade fever Increased heart rate You experience unusual chest pain, particularly if it persists or recurs.
system: What are the symptoms of pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)?
output: At first, PCP may cause only mild symptoms or none at all. Fever (it's usually low-grade if you have HIV, higher temperature if you don't) Dry cough or wheezing Shortness of breath, especially when you're active Fatigue Chest pain when you breathe Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and HIV or a weakened immune system, because PCP can be fatal.
system: What is pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) in people with HIV?
output: Before we had medicine to treat HIV, about 3/4 of HIV-positive people who developed AIDS got PCP. Antiretroviral therapy ( ART) has prevented HIV-infected people from developing AIDS, and among persons who have developed AIDS, additional preventive therapy has brought this number way down. However, PCP is still the most common opportunistic infection in persons who get AIDS. You're most likely to get PCP when your CD4 cell count is less than 200. PCP patients with HIV are eight times more likely to be hospitalized. People with AIDS can die from it, even though they get treatment.
system: What tests are used to diagnose pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)?
output: Usually, a lab technician will look at the fluid or tissue from your lungs with a microscope to find traces of the fungus. Your doctor will get a sample by helping you cough up stuff or by using a special tool called a bronchoscope that goes into your airways through your mouth. Or your doctor can do a biopsy, taking a needle or a knife to remove a tiny bit of cells from your lung. A test called PCR (polymerase chain reaction) makes copies of specific pieces of DNA, so it can find smaller amounts of the fungus in samples. You might also get a chest X-ray, or blood tests to check for low oxygen levels.
system: When do you need medications for pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)?
output: Before your CD4 cell count drops or you get sick, you can also take the same medication that treats PCP, but with different doses and timing. Your doctor may recommend this when: You've had PCP before. Your CD4 count is below 200.. You're taking drugs that suppress your immune system. If you get PCP, your doctor may want you to keep taking medicine after your PCP clears up so you don't get it again. When your CD4 count goes over 200 and stays there for at least 3 months, it may be OK to stop.
system: What is the treatment for pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP)?
output: Most often, doctors prescribe a combination of two antibiotics, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole, or TMP/ SMX ( Bactrim, Cotrim, or Septra). Depending how sick you are, you'll get this in pills or through a needle in your vein (by IV) at the hospital. Other drugs your doctor might prescribe to fight the infection include: Dapsone ( Aczone), sometimes with pyrimethamine ( Daraprim) Pentamidine ( Nubu Pent, Pentam) that you breathe in through a machine called a nebulizer, maybe in a doctor's office or a clinic ( You could also get a shot if your infection is serious.) Atovaquone ( Mepron) in a liquid that you take with food Corticosteroids can help when your PCP is moderate to severe and you have low oxygen levels.
system: How can pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) be prevented?
output: Fever (it's usually low-grade if you have HIV, higher temperature if you don't) Dry cough or wheezing Shortness of breath, especially when you're active Fatigue Chest pain when you breathe Call your doctor if you have these symptoms and HIV or a weakened immune system, because PCP can be fatal. There's no vaccine to prevent this type of pneumonia. The best way to prevent PCP when you have HIV is to keep up with your ART, because it raises your CD4 count.