laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: Do high levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) indicate a higher risk for heart disease?
output: If your arteries are inflamed, you have a greater risk of: Heart disease Heart attack Stroke Peripheral arterial disease CRP seems to predict the chance of having cardiovascular problems at least as well as cholesterol levels. A recent study found that elevated levels of C-reactive protein were associated with three-times-greater risk of a heart attack.
system: How can egg donation be used to treat female infertility?
output: Egg donation. This can help you if you have ovaries that don't work right but you have a normal uterus. It involves removing eggs from the ovary of a donor who has taken fertility drugs. After in vitro fertilization, your doctor transfers the fertilized eggs into your uterus.
system: What is Metformin and when is it used to treat female infertility?
output: Metformin ( Glucophage) is another type of medication that may help you ovulate normally if you have insulin resistance or PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome).
system: What is ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection) and how is it used to treat female infertility?
output: ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection). A doctor injects sperm directly into the egg in a dish and then places it into your uterus.
system: How is female infertility treated?
output: This procedure involves ultrasound or X-rays of your reproductive organs. Laparoscopy. Your doctor puts a laparoscope -- a slender tube fitted with a tiny camera -- through a small cut near your belly button. Hysteroscopy . In this procedure, your doctor places a hysteroscope into your uterus through your cervix. It's used to remove polyps and fibroid tumors, divide scar tissue, and open up blocked tubes. Medication. If you have ovulation problems, you may be prescribed drugs such as clomiphene citrate ( Clomid, Serophene), gonadotropins (such as Gonal- F, Follistim, Humegon and Pregnyl), or letrozole.
system: What is intrauterine insemination and how is it used to treat female infertility?
output: For this procedure, after semen gets rinsed with a special solution, a doctor places it into your uterus when you're ovulating. It's sometimes done while you're taking meds that help trigger the release of an egg. Several days later, embryos -- or fertilized eggs -- get put back into your uterus with a device called an intrauterine insemination catheter.
system: How should you brush your hair to avoid damaging it?
output: Brush properly: Proper hair brushing can do as much for the condition of your hair as any over-the-counter product. Using a proper brush, apply full strokes from the scalp to the tips of your hair to distribute the hair's natural oil. Be gentle, and avoid brushing your hair when wet, when it is especially fragile. It is best to use a wide-toothed comb on wet hair.
system: Can you prevent hair loss?
output: Many people put tremendous stress on their hair. Hair dryers, hot curlers, hair dyes, permanents, tight braids, and hair straightening products, and chemical-laden cosmetics may cause dry, brittle, and thinning hair. To prevent hair damage that may cause hair loss, follow these tips: Go natural: Leave your hair its natural color and texture.
system: How does biology explain the overlap between depression and chronic pain?
output: Depression and chronic pain share some of the same neurotransmitters -- the chemical messengers traveling between nerves. They also share some of the same nerve pathways. In people who are biologically vulnerable to clinical depression, losses (such as a job, or sense of respect as a functional person, or of sexual relations) can contribute to the development of depression. Once depression sets in, it magnifies the pain that is already there. "
system: Why is it important to treat both chronic pain and depression in a person affected?
output: Chronic pain and depression can affect a person's entire life. Consequently, an ideal treatment approach addresses all the areas of one's life affected by chronic pain and depression. Because of the connection between chronic pain and depression, it makes sense that their treatments overlap.
system: Why does depression usually go untreated in people with chronic pain?
output: Because depression in patients with chronic pain frequently goes undiagnosed, it often goes untreated. Pain symptoms and complaints take center stage on most doctors' visits. The result is depression, along with sleep disturbances, loss of appetite, lack of energy, and decreased physical activity -- all of which may make pain much worse. "
system: How do I know if I have breast calcifications?
output: Breast calcifications do not cause symptoms, as they are too small to be felt during a routine breast exam. Usually, breast calcifications are first noticed on a mammogram.
system: What happens if my doctor finds breast calcifications on my mammogram?
output: If you have macrocalcifications, no further testing or treatment is needed, because they are not harmful. If microcalcifications are seen on your mammogram, another mammogram may be performed to get a more detailed look at the area in question.
system: How are breast calcifications treated?
output: '' Benign'' calcifications are considered harmless. No further evaluation or treatment is needed. '' Probably benign'' calcifications have a less than 2% risk of being cancer. Typically, they will be monitored every six months for at least one year. After a year of follow-up, and assuming no new changes are found, your doctor will recommend you have a routine mammogram once a year. '' Suspicious'' calcifications may be benign or an early sign of cancer; therefore, your doctor may recommend you have a biopsy. If cancer is present, treatment may consist of surgery to remove the cancerous breast, radiation, and/or chemotherapy to kill any remaining cancer cells.
system: What are breast calcifications?
output: They are very common and are usually benign (noncancerous). In some instances, certain types of breast calcifications may suggest early breast cancer. Microcalcifications are small calcium deposits that look like white specks on a mammogram.
system: If a child gets night terrors, how often do they happen?
output: In children younger than 3 ½ years, peak frequency of night terrors is at least one episode per week. Among older children, peak frequency of night terrors is one to two episodes per month. The doctor may want to do an evaluation to exclude other possible disorders that might cause night terrors.
system: What is a rapid cycling pattern in bipolar disorder?
output: Rapid cycling is a pattern of frequent, distinct episodes in bipolar disorder. In rapid cycling, a person with the disorder experiences four or more episodes of mania or depression in one year. It can occur at any point in the course of bipolar disorder, and can come and go over many years depending on how well the illness is treated; it is not necessarily a "permanent" or indefinite pattern of episodes.
system: What are the risks of rapid cycling in bipolar disorder?
output: A rapid cycling pattern may occur in about 10% to 20% of people with the disorder. Repeated periods of depression are punctuated by infrequent, shorter periods of elevated or normal mood. The most serious risk of a rapid cycling course in bipolar disorder is suicide. People with bipolar disorder are 10 times to 20 times more likely to commit suicide than people without bipolar disorder. They are hospitalized more often, and their symptoms are usually more difficult to control long term.
system: What is the treatment for bipolar disorder with rapid cycling?
output: A rapid cycling pattern may occur in about 10% to 20% of people with the disorder. Repeated periods of depression are punctuated by infrequent, shorter periods of elevated or normal mood. Because symptoms of depression dominate in most people with a rapid cycling course of bipolar disorder, treatment is usually aimed toward stabilizing mood, mainly by relieving depression while preventing the comings-and-goings of new episodes. Antidepressants such as Prozac, Paxil, and Zoloft have not been shown to treat the depression symptoms of rapid cycling bipolar disorder, and may even increase the frequency of new episodes over time. Mood-stabilizing drugs -- such as lithium, Depakote, Tegretol and Lamictal -- are the core treatments of rapid cycling. Often, a single mood stabilizer is ineffective at controlling episode recurrences, resulting in a need for combinations of mood stabilizers. Several antipsychotic medicines such as Zyprexa or Seroquel also have been studied in rapid cycling and are used as part of a treatment regimen, regardless of the presence or absence of psychosis (delusions and hallucinations). This helps prevent future episodes.
system: How common is rapid cycling in people with bipolar disorder?
output: Rapid cycling is a pattern of frequent, distinct episodes in bipolar disorder. In rapid cycling, a person with the disorder experiences four or more episodes of mania or depression in one year. It can occur at any point in the course of bipolar disorder, and can come and go over many years depending on how well the illness is treated; it is not necessarily a "permanent" or indefinite pattern of episodes. A rapid cycling pattern may occur in about 10% to 20% of people with the disorder.
system: When is rapid cycling in bipolar disorder diagnosed?
output: Rapid cycling is a pattern of frequent, distinct episodes in bipolar disorder. It can occur at any point in the course of bipolar disorder, and can come and go over many years depending on how well the illness is treated; it is not necessarily a "permanent" or indefinite pattern of episodes. Rapid cycling in itself is not a diagnosis, but rather a "course specifier" or descriptor of the course of illness. In bipolar disorder rapid cycling is identified when four or more distinct episodes of depression, mania, or hypomania occur during a one year period.
system: How can you start a daily food diary to self-manage your Crohn's disease?
output: To start your diary, record the foods you eat each day and the serving sizes in a small notebook. Enter the date, food, and any symptoms you might feel after eating this food in the notebook. After a month or two, set up a time to review your food diary with a registered dietitian. The dietitian can determine if you're getting essential nutrients in a well-balanced meal plan or if you might need supplements. Proper nutrition helps the body heal itself and keeps you well. So, having a nutrition discussion with a registered dietitian is important to your overall health and to the management of Crohn's disease.
system: Which foods should you avoid if you have Crohn's disease?
output: It's possible that at least some of these listed foods will trigger your symptoms: alcohol (mixed drinks, beer, wine) butter, mayonnaise, margarine, oils carbonated beverages coffee, tea, chocolate corn dairy products (if lactose intolerant) fatty foods (fried foods) foods high in fiber gas-producing foods (lentils, beans, legumes, cabbage, broccoli, onions) nuts and seeds (peanut butter, other nut butters) raw fruits raw vegetables red meat and pork spicy foods whole grains and bran Once you've identified foods that cause your symptoms to flare, you can choose either to avoid them or to learn new ways of preparing them that will make them tolerable.
system: Do you need to avoid fast food in a Crohn's disease diet plan?
output: While fast foods should normally be avoided in a healthy diet plan, sometimes they can give your diet a needed boost when used sparingly. Some fast foods can offer a valuable supply of key nutrients and calories. For instance, pizza offers calories, protein, and nutrients such as calcium and vitamins A, B, C, and D. A milkshake is high in calories and calcium. Of course, if you are lactose-intolerant, you need to remember to take the proper medication before drinking a milk product.
system: What is the Crohn's disease diet plan?
output: You've probably read about different types of diets for Crohn's disease on the Internet. But the fact is, there is no scientifically proven diet for inflammatory bowel disease. Most experts believe, though, that some patients can identify specific foods that trigger their gastrointestinal symptoms, particularly during disease flares. By avoiding your "trigger foods," you may find that your GI symptoms of gas, bloating, abdominal pain, cramping, and diarrhea are more manageable. At the same time, you will give your inflamed intestines time to heal.
system: Can keeping a daily food diary help you self-manage your Crohn's disease?
output: Keeping track of the foods you eat each day can help you identify the "offenders" -- foods that may trigger symptoms. Avoiding these foods, especially when your disease is active, may give you better control of the symptoms. You can also use a daily food diary to help you and your doctor determine if you're getting a properly balanced diet. It can show whether you are getting enough protein, carbohydrates, fats, and water. It can also show whether you are getting enough calories to maintain your weight and energy.
system: Can a liquid diet help me control Crohn's disease symptoms?
output: In addition, the liquid diet or special high-calorie liquid formulas can help people with Crohn's who need extra nutrition short-term or those whose intestines cannot absorb proper nutrition from whole foods. Some people with Crohn's disease enjoy supplements such as Ensure Plus or Boost Plus when they need a boost in calories and nutrients.
system: Is a low-residue diet a Crohn's disease treatment?
output: Many individuals with small-bowel Crohn's disease have a narrowing or stricture of the lower small intestine (the ileum). For them, a low-fiber with low-residue diet can help lessen abdominal pain, cramping, and diarrhea. And while scientific proof is lacking, this diet may also help decrease frequency of bowel movements for some people. Foods to avoid on a low-residue diet may include: corn hulls nuts raw fruits seeds vegetables Yes.
system: What are serious problems in people with Crohn's disease?
output: Nutritional deficiencies and an inability to maintain a normal weight are serious problems for many people, even children, with Crohn's disease.
system: Are there benefits to gain from omega-3 fatty acids and probiotics in relation to Crohn's disease?
output: Numerous studies using fish oil and flaxseed oil suggest an important role for good fats in the inflammatory response that characterizes IBD. The studies, though, are inconsistent on whether or not omega-3 fatty acids have a specific anti-inflammatory effect with IBD. If you want to add omega-3 fatty acid supplements to your diet, talk with your doctor first. Other studies are just beginning to examine the possibility that probiotics or "good" bacteria may be beneficial in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. More studies are needed, though, to determine if these supplements can aid in healing the intestine in IBD.
system: How can you manage Crohn's disease?
output: Learning to avoid these food triggers may allow you to better self-manage your Crohn's disease, reduce gastrointestinal symptoms, and promote intestinal healing. Avoiding these foods, especially when your disease is active, may give you better control of the symptoms.
system: What kind of diet should you have if you have Crohn's disease?
output: If you have Crohn's disease, you probably have found that certain foods trigger your intestinal symptoms, especially when the disease flares. In this setting, an effective Crohn's disease diet plan, based on recommendations from experts, would emphasize eating regular meals -- plus an additional two or three snacks -- each day. That will help ensure you get ample protein, calories, and nutrients. In addition, you will need to take any doctor-recommended vitamin and mineral supplements. By doing so, you will be able to replenish the necessary nutrients in your body.
system: Do you need to take supplements with a Crohn's disease diet plan?
output: In addition, you will need to take any doctor-recommended vitamin and mineral supplements. For example, many people with Crohn's disease have a vitamin D deficiency. A study published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine reported that higher doses of vitamin D (1,000 to 2,000 IU each day) may be beneficial, particularly in reducing the risk of colorectal cancer, which may be higher in individuals with IBD. The National Academy of Sciences has established that a dose of 2,000 IU/day of vitamin D is safe. But it's still important that you check with your personal physician to see what dosage is ideal for your situation.
system: What should you know about a Crohn's disease diet plan?
output: To know which foods to leave out of your diet plan, you'll need to determine which foods, if any, trigger yours. Keeping track of the foods you eat each day can help you identify the "offenders" -- foods that may trigger symptoms.
system: What are sources of vitamin D for prevention of osteoporosis?
output: Get it from: Low-fat or fat-free dairy products Calcium-fortified juices and foods, like cereal, soy milk, and tofu Sardines and salmon with bones Dark green vegetables, like kale and broccoli Vitamin D helps your body absorb the calcium you eat. Not many foods naturally have the nutrient, but you can get it in: Fatty fish, like salmon, mackerel, and tuna Beef liver, cheese, and egg yolks Fortified foods like milk, cereal, and orange juice Your skin also naturally makes vitamin D when sunlight hits it. You can get at least some of what you need if you spend a little time outdoors every day. But don't overdo it -- too much time in the sun raises your chances for skin cancer.
system: What are sources of calcium for prevention of osteoporosis?
output: Any of these workouts can help you build muscle and bone: Lifting canned goods or bags of groceries Lifting free weights Lifting young children Using ankle and wrist weights Using elastic resistance bands Using weight machines or free weights Doing pushups, squats, or other moves that use your own body weight When your body doesn't have enough calcium, it will start to break down your bones to get what it needs. That means you lose bone mass. So it's important to make sure you have this nutrient every day in your diet or from supplements. Get it from: Low-fat or fat-free dairy products Calcium-fortified juices and foods, like cereal, soy milk, and tofu Sardines and salmon with bones Dark green vegetables, like kale and broccoli Vitamin D helps your body absorb the calcium you eat.
system: How do I exercise my bones to prevent osteoporosis?
output: That prompts the body to make new bone. Weight-bearing exercises include: Aerobics Climbing stairs Dancing Jogging Tennis and other racket sports Running Tai chi Walking Water aerobics Yoga Strength training is also key to preventing osteoporosis. These workouts also make you more flexible and lower the chances that you'll fall -- the No. Any of these workouts can help you build muscle and bone: Lifting canned goods or bags of groceries Lifting free weights Lifting young children Using ankle and wrist weights Using elastic resistance bands Using weight machines or free weights Doing pushups, squats, or other moves that use your own body weight When your body doesn't have enough calcium, it will start to break down your bones to get what it needs.
system: What are some of the risks of gastric bypass surgery?
output: People who have gastric bypass surgery are at risk for: Pouch stretching. The stomach gets bigger over time, stretching back to its original size. Breakdown of staple lines. The staples fall apart. Nutritional, vitamin, and mineral deficiencies. Your body will be less able to get nutrients from food. Stomal stenosis. A narrowing forms at the connection of the stomach and small intestine causing nausea, vomiting, reflux, and then an inability to eat. You can get gallstones when you lose weight quickly.
system: What are tips for managing my bipolar disorder?
output: Along with seeing your doctor and therapist and taking your medicines, simple daily habits can make a difference. Pay attention to your sleep. Exercise. Focus on the basics: Favor fruits, vegetables, lean protein, and whole grains. And cut down on fat, salt, and sugar. Tame stress. Limit caffeine. Avoid alcohol and drugs.
system: What are tips for taking care of your skin?
output: Your skin reflects your health. Do you properly cleanse your skin and wear sunscreen every day? If you're a teenager or if you have a teenager at home, start now to develop healthy habits. Wear wide-brimmed hats, long sleeved shirts, and pants. Use a generous amount of sunscreen and reapply it every two hours, and more often if swimming or sweating. Use sunscreens that have a sun protection factor ( SPF) of 30 or more and that have UVA and UVB protection. Wear sun protective clothing with a UPF (ultra protection factor) of 30 or higher. Wear sunglasses that provide 100% UV protection or UV 400 protection.
system: Why are omega-3 fatty acids important?
output: Lack of dietary intake of omega-3 fatty acids and too much intake of omega-6 fatty acids is believed to be a significant contributing factor to many diseases. Since the human body cannot make omega-3 fatty acids, we have to get them from our diet. There are no standard doses for omega-3 fatty acids.
system: How are hot spots in dogs treated?
output: Read more about hot spots in dogs.
system: What causes vomiting in dogs?
output: Vomiting is a common dog health problem, with dozens of possible causes, from infection or intestinal parasites to pancreatitis, kidney failure, heatstroke, an obstructuion in the stomach or intestine, or poisoning.
system: What are hot spots in dogs?
output: They’re commonly known as hot spots, but the medical term for those bare, inflamed, red areas you often see on dogs is acute moist dermatitis -- a bacterial skin infection. Anything that irritates your dog's skin enough to make him scratch or chew can lead to the pain and itch of hot spots, which, if left untreated, can quickly grow larger. A hot spot's location can help your vet diagnose its cause. Fleas, for example, may be the source of a hip hot spot, while a hot spot at the ear might point to ear problems.
system: What is the best way to diagnose a worm problem in dogs?
output: Signs your dog may have worms include: Diarrhea (may be bloody) Weight loss A change in appetite A rough, dry coat Scooting on his bottom Vomiting (with roundworms in particular) An overall poor appearance The best way to diagnose a worm problem is with a visit to the vet. Treatment depends on which type of worm your dog has, but generally includes an oral medication and may require follow-up. Don't try treating worms yourself: A medication that kills roundworms, for example, doesn't kill tapeworms.
system: How can you tell if your dog has fleas?
output: Ear infections are a common canine health problem, and they can be caused by allergies, yeast, ear mites, bacteria, hair growth deep in the ear canal, and more. Signs your dog may have fleas include: Excessive scratching, licking, or biting at the skin Hair loss Hot spots Allergic dermatitis (allergic response caused by contact) Tapeworms (which are carried by fleas) Flea dirt (looks like small black dots) against your dog's skin Untreated, fleas not only make your dog intensely uncomfortable, they can also cause allergic reactions, infections, and even lead to anemia from blood loss.
system: What are the symptoms of spine fractures?
output: That makes it hard for doctors to diagnose the problem early on. But over time, symptoms of a spinal fracture may include: Sudden, severe back pain Pain that gets worse when you stand or walk Trouble bending or twisting your body Loss of height A curved, stooped shape to your spine Fractures in the lower spine often cause greater pain and trouble moving than those in the upper spine.