laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What are the mental, emotional, and behavioral symptoms of nicotine withdrawal?
output: Like physical symptoms, how much you are affected mentally and emotionally when you quit smoking will be different for everybody. But assume you will deal with some or all of the following signs of withdrawal: Anxiety. Smoking relieves stress, so your anxiety can skyrocket when you quit. It tends to pop up around 3 days in and can last a couple of weeks. Depression. It can start the first day you quit but is generally gone within a month. But if you have a history of anxiety and/or depression, yours could last longer and you might need extra help from your doctor to manage your symptoms. Irritability. You might have a short fuse -- even find yourself angry -- from time to time as you deal with the physical symptoms. It's normal and should pass. Mental fog. You'll probably have a hard time concentrating as the nicotine wears off and leaves your body.
system: What are the physical symptoms of nicotine withdrawal?
output: Everybody is different, and symptoms of withdrawal depend on many things, like how long and how many packs a day you've smoked. But for the most part, you can expect to have these common physical issues when you quit: Appetite. Within a day or so of your last cigarette, your appetite will shoot up for a while. A lot of people also find that they eat to fill the time when they used to be smoking. Nicotine cravings are the symptom you will deal with the longest, and they could start just 30 minutes after your last cigarette. Each craving will last only about 15 to 20 minutes, but they'll keep coming. You'll need to do your best to avoid triggers (like drinking alcohol or being around people who smoke) and find ways to get yourself through each craving. Cough. Your respiratory system can't clean itself very well when nicotine is around. As your body works it out, you'll probably have a cough that could last for a few weeks. Headaches and dizziness. These are usually on the mild side, and they're often the first withdrawal symptom to show up and first to taper off. Fatigue. Nicotine is a stimulant and perks you up, so you'll probably feel tired without it. But you'll also be restless and might have insomnia. Constipation. For the first month, constipation can be another unpleasant side effect. Your cravings taper off but anxiety will start to rise.
system: How fast after I quit smoking will my body start to change?
output: Here's what you can expect after finishing your final cigarette: 30 minutes to 4 hours: The effects from the nicotine will wear off and you'll start to crave another cigarette. 2 days: You'll have headaches as the nicotine leaves your system. Your cravings taper off but anxiety will start to rise. 2 to 4 weeks: You still won't have much energy, but the brain fog will be clearing up and your appetite will settle down. Your cough, depression, and anxiety will also improve.
system: What should you know about nicotine withdrawal?
output: Even though nicotine's high isn't as dramatic as cocaine or heroin's, it's equally as addictive as those illegal drugs. And nicotine withdrawal is very real. Nicotine affects all areas of your body, from your heart and blood vessels to your hormones, metabolism, and brain. You'll physically crave that nicotine hit and become irritable if you can't have it. Nicotine withdrawal usually lasts only a month or so, but you could be fighting the mental battle against cigarettes for a long time.
system: What should you expect during laser hair removal?
output: Just before the procedure, your hair that will be undergoing treatment will be trimmed to a few millimeters above the skin surface. The laser equipment will be adjusted according to the color, thickness, and location of your hair being treated as well as your skin color. This will help the laser light penetrate the skin. Next, the technician will give a pulse of light to the treatment area and watch the area for several minutes to make sure the best settings were used and to check for bad reactions. When the procedure is completed, you may be given ice packs, anti-inflammatory creams or lotions, or cold water to ease any discomfort. You may schedule your next treatment four to six weeks later. You'll get treatments until hair stops growing. Wear sunscreen for the following month to help prevent temporary changes in the color of the treated skin. The cost varies widely, depending on factors that include: Size of the area being treated and time required for treatment Number of treatments required Whether a doctor or someone else is performing the procedure The part of the country where you are having the procedure Ask for a consultation to get a better idea of the cost for your particular case.
system: What is the role of a pain specialist in the diagnosis of chronic pelvic pain?
output: Pain specialists are usually anesthesiologists who have specialized training in pain management. Some women with chronic pelvic pain can seek out these physicians to complement treatment provided by their primary care or gynecologist. Pain specialists may be necessary for appropriate trials of nerve blocks, the use of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation ( TENS) units, or management of medications used for chronic pain.
system: What are some procedures used to diagnose chronic pelvic pain?
output: It involves inserting a camera or scope through a small incision to look at the pelvic organs or take tissue samples. Also, a hysteroscopy, a small camera placed through the vagina into the uterus, may be useful to diagnose abnormalities that may cause pain originating inside the uterus. " Pain mapping" is a technique some doctors use. While you're sedated but awake, a doctor uses a laparoscope and a probe to stimulate points inside your pelvis. You rate any pain you feel and say whether it is like the pain you typically experience. This creates a "map" of sensitive areas.
system: What are some causes of chronic pelvic pain that radiological tests can help diagnose?
output: Radiological tests may be useful to diagnose: Endometriosis Pelvic congestion Adhesions Fibroids Pelvic inflammatory disease If imaging tests don't reveal the cause of your pelvic pain, a procedure called laparoscopy may be recommended.
system: What is myocarditis?
output: There's also something called vasculitis, which is rheumatoid arthritis-related inflammation of the blood vessels.
system: How is rheumatoid arthritis related to pleuritis?
output: Rheumatoid nodules can form in your lungs too.
system: What is vasculitis in relation to rheumatoid arthritis?
output: There's also something called vasculitis, which is rheumatoid arthritis-related inflammation of the blood vessels. It shows up as spots on the skin that look like ulcers. Other types of skin problems related to RA may appear, so always let your doctor know about anything new that pops up or breaks out.
system: What complications might rheumatoid arthritis (RA) cause?
output: When you think of rheumatoid arthritis, or RA, you might think of stiff, painful joints. But you may not know that complications can occur in other parts of your body. The same process that hurts your joints can also cause problems for your eyes, lungs, skin, heart, blood vessels, and other organs. And, the medications you take for RA can also have side effects.
system: What eye complications can occur from rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
output: Rheumatoid arthritis can affect the eyes in several ways. Inflammation of the episclera, a thin membrane that covers the white of your eye, is common. It's usually mild, but the eye may get red and painful. Scleritis, an inflammation of the white of the eye, is more serious and can lead to vision loss. RA also puts you at risk for Sjogren's syndrome. This happens when your immune system attacks the glands that produce tears. It can make your eyes feel gritty and dry. If it's not treated, the dryness can cause infection and scarring of the conjunctiva, which is the membrane that covers the eye, and the cornea.
system: Does rheumatoid arthritis cause pain in the neck?
output: Rheumatoid arthritis is known to cause pain in the joints of the fingers and wrists. But it can also affect other parts of your body, like your neck. If your neck feels stiff and you have pain when you turn your head, it could be your rheumatoid arthritis. Some simple exercises might help. Talk to your doctor about the best exercises and treatments to help relieve your neck pain.
system: What is pericarditis and how is it related to rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Inflammation of the episclera, a thin membrane that covers the white of your eye, is common. Flares are times when your RA is worse. If it happens a lot, pericarditis can cause the membrane to thicken and tighten. That can interfere with your heart's ability to work properly.
system: How can rheumatoid arthritis affect the eyes?
output: Scleritis, an inflammation of the white of the eye, is more serious and can lead to vision loss. If it's not treated, the dryness can cause infection and scarring of the conjunctiva, which is the membrane that covers the eye, and the cornea. Rheumatoid nodules can also form on the heart and affect the way it functions. It's possible you may get more infections if you have rheumatoid arthritis.
system: What should you expect during laser resurfacing?
output: Generally, laser resurfacing is an outpatient procedure, meaning there is no overnight stay. The doctor may treat individual wrinkles around your eyes, mouth, or forehead or treat your entire face. For small areas, the doctor will numb the areas to be treated with a local anesthetic. The doctor may also sedate you. You may get general anesthesia if your whole face is being treated. If the doctor is just treating parts of your face, the procedure will take about 30 to 45 minutes. A full-face treatment takes up to two hours.
system: What types of makeup can you wear after laser resurfacing?
output: Once the treated areas have healed, you can wear makeup to hide the pink to red color that is typically seen after laser skin resurfacing. Green-based make-ups are particularly suitable for this camouflage since they neutralize the red color. Oil-free make-ups are recommended after laser resurfacing.
system: How can you prepare for laser resurfacing?
output: Start by consulting a plastic surgeon or dermatologist to find out if you're a good candidate. Be sure to choose a doctor who has documented training and experience in laser skin resurfacing. The doctor will determine which laser treatment is best for you after considering your medical history, current health, and desired results. Tell the doctor if you get cold sores or fever blisters around your mouth. Laser skin resurfacing can trigger breakouts in people who are at risk. If you decide to go ahead with laser skin resurfacing, your doctor will ask you to avoid taking any medications or supplements that can affect clotting -- such as aspirin, ibuprofen, or vitamin E -- for 10 days before surgery. If you smoke, you should stop for two weeks before and after the procedure. Smoking can prolong healing. Your doctor may prescribe an antibiotic beforehand to prevent bacterial infections and also an antiviral medication if you are prone to cold sores or fever blisters.
system: Who is a good candidate for laser resurfacing?
output: If you have acne or if you have very dark skin, you may not be a candidate. This technique is also not recommended for stretch marks. You should discuss whether laser resurfacing is right for you by consulting with the doctor before having the procedure done.
system: What is CO2 laser resurfacing?
output: This method has been used for years to treat different skin issues, including wrinkles, scars, warts, enlarged oil glands on the nose, and other conditions. The newest version of CO2 laser resurfacing (fractionated CO2) uses very short pulsed light energy (known as ultrapulse) or continuous light beams that are delivered in a scanning pattern to remove thin layers of skin with minimal heat damage. Recovery takes up to two weeks.
system: What is laser resurfacing?
output: This popular procedure is also called lasabrasion, laser peel, or laser vaporization. If you have fine lines or wrinkles around your eyes or mouth or on your forehead, shallow scars from acne, or non-responsive skin after a facelift, then you may be a good candidate for laser skin resurfacing. The newest version of CO2 laser resurfacing (fractionated CO2) uses very short pulsed light energy (known as ultrapulse) or continuous light beams that are delivered in a scanning pattern to remove thin layers of skin with minimal heat damage.
system: What can patients do if drugs cannot keep Crohn's disease under control?
output: Sometimes, drugs cannot keep Crohn's disease under control. In those cases, surgery to remove a part of the bowel is sometimes needed. The disease, though, often returns to the area near where the inflamed part was removed.
system: What are biologics and how are they used?
output: They are called biologics because the drugs are formulated from proteins found in the human body's immune system. The proteins are genetically modified and processed to be used as treatment. Biologics, which are given as an injection or IV infusion, are designed to interfere with the inflammatory processes that are the hallmark of Crohn's disease.
system: What are the symptoms of Crohnâs disease in children and teens?
output: The bowel tissue may: Swell, thicken, or form a stricture (scar tissue), leading to an obstruction (blockage) of the passageway inside the bowel Develop ulcers in the deep layers of the bowel wall Lose its ability to absorb nutrients from digested foods (malabsorption), especially in the ileum where vitamin B12 and bile acids are absorbed Develop abnormal passageways (fistulas) from one part of the bowel to another or from the bowel to nearby tissues The symptoms of Crohn's disease depend on where the disease occurs in the bowel. They also depend on its severity. In general, symptoms can include: Chronic diarrhea with or without blood in the stool Rectal bleeding Weight loss Fever Abdominal tenderness Feeling of mass or fullness in the lower right abdomen Fatigue Children and teens with Crohn's disease have periods of severe symptoms followed by periods of no symptoms.
system: What is important in managing Crohn's?
output: A healthy lifestyle is important in managing Crohn's. Children and teens should exercise regularly and eat a healthy diet. People with this disease usually are able to lead a healthy and active life. Most children with Crohn's are able to attend school and participate in sports and daily activities if the disease is treated and managed properly.
system: What other symptoms can develop with Crohn's?
output: Other symptoms can develop, depending on complications related to the disease. For instance, a person with a fistula -- abnormal passageway -- in the rectal area may have pain and discharge around the rectum. Other complications from Crohn's disease include: Arthritis Gallstones Kidney stones Inflammation (swelling) of the eyes and mouth Liver disease Skin rashes or ulcers Anemia The cause of Crohn's disease is not known.
system: What should patients do if they have nutritional deficiencies?
output: People who have a relative with Crohn's disease are more likely to develop the disease themselves.
system: How long do Crohn's symptoms last?
output: In general, symptoms can include: Chronic diarrhea with or without blood in the stool Rectal bleeding Weight loss Fever Abdominal tenderness Feeling of mass or fullness in the lower right abdomen Fatigue Children and teens with Crohn's disease have periods of severe symptoms followed by periods of no symptoms. The period with no symptoms is called remission, and it can last for weeks or years. Anti-inflammatory medications or dietary changes may lead to remission, but there is no way to know when a remission will occur or when symptoms will return.
system: How is Crohnâs disease treated and managed in children and teens?
output: In general, symptoms can include: Chronic diarrhea with or without blood in the stool Rectal bleeding Weight loss Fever Abdominal tenderness Feeling of mass or fullness in the lower right abdomen Fatigue Children and teens with Crohn's disease have periods of severe symptoms followed by periods of no symptoms. They are called biologics because the drugs are formulated from proteins found in the human body's immune system.
system: Which parts of the body can Crohn's disease affect?
output: It can, though, occur in any part of the large or small intestine, stomach, or esophagus. It can even occur in the mouth. Crohn's disease can stunt growth, weaken bones, and delay puberty. People who have a relative with Crohn's disease are more likely to develop the disease themselves. In general, medications are the first step in treating Crohn's disease in children and teens.
system: What are synbiotics?
output: Synbiotics: These are a combination of probiotics and prebiotics. Early studies show these might help people with IBS. But doctors need more research to learn if and how they should be recommended.
system: What foods are good sources of prebiotics if you have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
output: Fruits and vegetables are also good sources of prebiotics, especially bananas, onions, garlic, leeks, asparagus, and artichokes, plus soybeans and whole wheat foods.
system: Does peppermint oil help if you have IBS?
output: If your symptoms don't get better, talk to your doctor. It can ease pain caused by inflammation. There's no standard recommendation for how much to take or for how long, but some studies have shown that one or two capsules three times a day for 6 months can help with constipation, diarrhea, and other issues. You can take it in many forms, like capsules or a liquid. You can put it in drinks like tea.
system: Do probiotics help if you have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
output: Studies have shown there is a potential for benefit, but more research is needed. You can take supplements as capsules or sprinkle them as a powder on food. You also can get probiotics naturally in foods like yogurt, aged cheeses, kimchi, sauerkraut, miso, and tempeh. Research shows it may also ease constipation and diarrhea and help with belly pain. There's no standard recommendation for how much to take or for how long, but some studies have shown that one or two capsules three times a day for 6 months can help with constipation, diarrhea, and other issues.
system: How do you do a seated calf raise?
output: Starting position: Sit on a firm, sturdy chair with your feet flat on the floor. Keep your knees aligned directly over your feet. Don't let your knees turn in or out. Lean forward placing hands on thighs near knees pushing down to add resistance. Action: Press slowly down into the balls of your feet to raise your heels as high as you can. Next, slowly lower your heels. Repeat. At the gym. Starting position: Set yourself up in the calf press machine with the balls of your feet on the platform. This will let you lower your heels toward the floor. Undo the machine's safety latch and release the weight onto your calves. Action: Drop your heels as far as you can toward the floor to lower the weight, and then press into the balls of your feet to raise your heels as high as you can.
system: What should you know about calf-strengthening exercises?
output: You'll target the two muscles that make up the calf: The gastrocnemius muscle, which gives the calf its rounded shape. The soleus, which is the flatter, longer muscle running underneath the gastrocnemius and lower down your leg.
system: How do you do a double-leg calf raise?
output: Starting position: Stand near a wall for balance. Place your feet hip-width apart, and make sure your ankles, knees, and hips are in vertical alignment to protect your joints. Action: Press down into the balls of both feet to raise your body upward. Keep your abdominal muscles pulled in so that you move straight upward, rather than shifting your body forward or backward.
system: Which sports help to build your calf?
output: Running, walking, and hiking are excellent calf-strengthening exercises, especially when you go uphill. The steeper the climb, the more your calves have to work. Running sports such as soccer, basketball, and tennis demand that you run, jump, and push off your calf muscles to accelerate or change direction quickly. So they're great for toning calves. Step class and other kinds of dance will work your calves every time you step up and down or bend your knees and push off going from high to low positions. Swimming works the calves along with the rest of the legs muscles. It also avoids the impact of running or jumping. Because it's low-impact, it's also a safe way to strengthen calves if you're recovering from an injury.
system: What are some safety guidelines when doing calf-strengthening exercises?
output: Do the exercises consistently two or three times a week to build strength. Move slowly through each exercise so you stay aware of your body alignment. Press up for a slow count of two to four. Then lower back down for a slow count of four. Customize your exercise to match your level of fitness and avoid injury. And check with a fitness professional if you're not sure how much weight is safe for you to use. A general rule of thumb for strength training is to aim for eight to 12 repetitions of each exercise for one to three sets. Your muscles should feel fatigued, but you should be able to finish your repetitions. Increase the load on the muscle gradually over time. For instance, add 10% to 15% to the weight every 2 weeks. Check with your doctor first if you've had a foot, ankle, or calf muscle injury in the past. Depending on your health or physical condition, certain exercises may not be recommended.
system: Will medicine ease the pain of new daily persistent headaches (NDPH)?
output: Your doctor will probably recommend medicine to ease your pain. It may take some trial and error until you and your doctor find a medicine that works for you. Treatments for NDPH include: Antiseizure, or anticonvulsant, drugs.
system: How can I treat new daily persistent headaches (NDPH)?
output: New daily persistent headaches ( NDPH) begin without warning and go on for 3 months or longer. The pain may get stronger or weaker each day, but it's always there. There are medicines that can give you relief. Pain management tools like biofeedback and relaxation techniques can also help you feel better.
system: What causes new daily persistent headaches (NDPH)?
output: Doctors aren't sure exactly what causes NDPH. Some small studies suggest there may be a link between viral and other infections and NDPH, but more research is needed.
system: What antidepressants treat new daily persistent headaches (NDPH)?
output: These include fluoxetine ( Prozac), fluvoxamine ( Luvox), paroxetine ( Paxil), sertraline ( Zoloft), and venlafaxine ( Effexor).
system: What is meningitis and how can it cause a sudden headache?
output: An infection that causes swelling of the membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord.
system: Are there other serious causes of head pain that can lead to a sudden headache?
output: But they can come on as a stabbing, aching, tightening, or burning pain.â There are other serious causes of head pain that can lead to a sudden headache. Your doctor may order imaging tests such as an MRI or a CT scan to rule out conditions that may need immediate treatment. These include: A change in pressure or volume of fluid in your spine.
system: Is physical therapy used to ease the pain of new daily persistent headaches (NDPH)?
output: Physical therapy may also help ease the pain of NDPH. For some people, NDPH may persist for several years or longer; for others, it may go away much earlier. Researchers continue to look for new and better ways to treat it.
system: What triptans are used to treat new daily persistent headaches (NDPH)?
output: Some examples are almotriptan ( Axert), frovatriptan ( Frova), sumatriptan ( Imitrex), and zolmitriptan ( Zomig).