laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What is naloxone?
output: Paramedics and emergency room doctors have used it for years to save lives. Naloxone blocks the effects of drugs made from opium, or opioids.
system: Will I still get periods while on the pill?
output: But technically that's âmonthly withdrawal bleeding.â It's slightly different than a regular period. Normally, you ovulate in the middle of your menstrual cycle. If the egg your ovaries release isn't fertilized, your hormone levels drop, causing you to shed the lining inside your uterus, and you get your period. Birth control pills, though, prevent ovulation. With most types, you take hormones for 3 weeks followed by 1 week of pills without them. Though they keep your body from releasing an egg, they don't prevent it from building up the lining of your uterus all month. The period-like bleeding during that fourth week is your body's reaction to the lack of hormones from the last week of the pill.
system: When should I call my doctor about PMS?
output: Talk with your doctor if you notice that something seems off. You have more options to help you manage that time of the month.
system: Can I get pregnant during my period?
output: It's time to squash that age-old myth: Your period doesn't protect you from pregnancy. There are a couple of reasons why. First, some women may bleed when their ovaries release an egg each month, called ovulation, and mistake it for their period. You're at your peak fertility when you ovulate. So if you have sex during this time, it could actually make you more likely to get pregnant. Second, you may ovulate before your period is over or within a few days after the bleeding stops. Since sperm can hang out in your body for up to 3 days, having sex during your period could lead to conception. Use a condom or other form of birth control to prevent an unplanned pregnancy, no matter what time of the month it is.
system: How does my period change throughout my life?
output: Just when you start to feel like you can predict exactly when your period is going to show, everything can change. For that, you can thank the hormone shifts that happen throughout your lifetime. Once you get your very first period, your cycles may be longer, meaning more time may pass between when one period starts to the next. A typical cycle for a teenage girl may be 21 to 45 days. Over time, they get shorter and more predictable, averaging about 21 to 35 days. Hormone changes that happen during perimenopause -- the years before menopause when your body starts to make less estrogen -- can throw you for a loop. The time from one period to the next may get shorter or longer, and you may have heavier or lighter bleeding during your period. This phase can last up to 10 years before you start menopause and stop getting your period for good. Gradual life changes are normal, but sudden, unusual issues like very heavy bleeding or missed periods are not. Talk with your doctor if you notice that something seems off.
system: What is PMS?
output: The time from one period to the next may get shorter or longer, and you may have heavier or lighter bleeding during your period. But doctors don't know exactly why that is. It seems to be a mix of hormone changes during your menstrual cycle, chemical changes in the brain, and other emotional issues you might have, such as depression, that can make PMS worse. What's more, once you get your period, the rollercoaster may continue. One study found that period-related pains such as cramps, bloating, backaches, and headaches can cloud your thinking, because the pain may make it harder for you to focus on the tasks at hand. Not that you can't still do them -- you can. It may just feel like it takes more work. Lifestyle changes are usually the best way to take control of PMS. Aim to get about 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week, get 8 hours of shut-eye per night, and don't smoke. Your diet makes a difference, too, so fill up on fruits, veggies, and whole grains while you limit salt (hello, bloating) as well as sugar, caffeine, and alcohol.
system: How is high blood pressure linked to obesity?
output: As your heart beats, it pumps blood through the walls of your arteries. This creates a force, or pressure. If this pressure is too high and goes unchecked for too long, it can damage other organs, such as your kidneys or brain. High blood pressure is more likely if you're overweight or obese. But it also can change, for the better, as you start to take the weight off.
system: How does being overweight lead to sleep apnea?
output: When you're overweight, extra fat around your neck could narrow your airway and also affect your breathing. You might not know that this is happening. If you feel tired a lot and don't feel more rested after you try simple things like going to bed earlier, tell your doctor. She may send you to a specialist to find out if you have sleep apnea. If you do, there are treatments. And again, it could get better as you lose weight.
system: What is metabolic syndrome?
output: People over 40 who are overweight are most at risk for this disease. But younger people -- even kids and teens -- also get it, and extra pounds make it more likely. If you have type 2 diabetes, your body's blood sugar level is too high.
system: Is cancer linked to obesity?
output: But they do know that fat feeds the growth of existing cancer cells. Of course, people who aren't overweight can get cancer, too. So just like anyone else, it's important for you to keep up with any cancer tests that your doctor recommends.
system: Who is most at risk for type 2 diabetes?
output: It doesn't handle insulin like it should. This is a combination of conditions that put you at risk for other problems, like heart disease, diabetes, or stroke. For example, you might be overweight, especially around your waistline, and have high blood pressure, high blood sugar, as well as cholesterol problems. If you're overweight, the extra pounds put more pressure on your weight-bearing joints.
system: How is osteoarthritis linked to obesity?
output: High blood pressure is more likely if you're overweight or obese. You develop this type of arthritis after the tissue that cushions your bones, called cartilage, wears down as you age. Fat also makes proteins that can cause inflammation. As you start to lose weight, you'll feel and move better, and your joints will have less stress.
system: When should you call 911 about your child's congestion or stuffy nose?
output: Has difficulty breathing or is unable to breathe Suddenly starts coughing or choking after being fed Has a cough associated with any skin color change such as turning blue Seems out of breath Is unable to talk or eat Colds, flu, and allergies cause congestion in babies and toddlers.
system: How do you clear out mucus from your child's congestion or stuffy nose?
output: Use an infant nasal bulb, or aspirator, to suck mucus from your baby's nose. It's OK to use nasal saline to loosen the mucus. If your child is able, have her blow her nose regularly. Never use a cold or cough medicine in kids under age 4 unless a pediatrician suggests it.
system: How can you add moisture to help your child with congestion or stuffy nose?
output: Use a cool-mist humidifier if the air is dry. Use saline nose drops to moisten the nasal passages. Sit in the bathroom with the hot shower running and have your child breathe in the steam.
system: What is the follow-up for ganglion cysts?
output: After you have been diagnosed with a ganglion cyst and have chosen to have treatment, follow-up will be different based on what you have chosen to do. After simple aspiration, your doctor may ask you to start moving the joint soon after the procedure. Most likely after surgery, your joint will be splinted for up to 7 to 10 days. A splint is a hard wrap that will keep you from moving your joint. Recent studies show that splinting for a long period of time doesn't really help, and use of the joint soon after treatment is being encouraged. Your doctor may ask you to return for a check-up after your surgery and will decide if physical or occupational therapy is needed. Follow-up care will be based on your personal needs.
system: When should you seek medical care for ganglion cysts?
output: Your doctor can be sure that you have a ganglion cyst, keep you from worrying, and help decide on the best treatment plan for you. A ganglion cyst does not need to have emergency treatment unless you have significant trauma. A routine check by either your doctor or a specialist in bones and joints (an orthopedist) is often enough.
system: What are the symptoms and characteristics of ganglion cysts?
output: The ganglion cyst usually appears as a bump (mass) that changes size. It is usually soft, anywhere from 1-3 cm in diameter, and doesn't move. The swelling may appear over time or appear suddenly, may get smaller in size, and may even go away, only to come back at another time. Most ganglion cysts cause some degree of pain, usually following acute or repetitive trauma, but up to 35% are without symptoms except for appearance. If pain is present, it is usually chronic and made worse by joint motion. When the cyst is connected to a tendon, you may feel a sense of weakness in the affected finger.
system: How can I treat ganglion cysts at home?
output: In the past, home care has included topical plaster, heat, and various poultices. It even extended to use of a heavy book to physically smash the cyst. ( Sometimes this is called " Bible therapy.") These forms of treatment are no longer suggested, however, because they have not been shown to keep the ganglion cysts from returning and could, in fact, cause further injury.
system: When is surgery needed for ganglion cysts?
output: When found on the back of the wrist, they become more prominent when the wrist is flexed forward.
system: Where do ganglion cysts occur?
output: Ganglion cysts most commonly occur on the back of the hand at the wrist joint but they can also develop on the palm side of the wrist. When found on the back of the wrist, they become more prominent when the wrist is flexed forward. Other sites, although less common, include these: The base of the fingers on the palm, where they appear as small pea-sized bumps The fingertip, just below the cuticle, where they are called mucous cysts The outside of the knee and ankle The top of the foot The cause of ganglion cysts is not known.
system: How can you prevent ganglion cysts?
output: Because the cause of a ganglion cyst is not known, it is difficult to tell how to prevent them. Early evaluation and treatment are recommended.
system: What is a ganglion cyst?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } A ganglion cyst is a small sac of fluid that forms over a joint or tendon (tissue that connects muscle to bone). Depending on the size, cysts may feel firm or spongy. Media file 2: The jellylike fluid taken from the cyst in Image 1.
system: What exams and tests are used to diagnose ganglion cysts?
output: Your doctor may get further confirmation by using a syringe to draw out some of the fluid in the cyst (needle aspiration) or by using ultrasound. An ultrasound picture is made as sound waves bounce off of different tissues. It can determine whether the bump is fluid-filled (cystic) or if it is solid. Ultrasound can also detect whether there is an artery or blood vessel causing the lump. Your doctor may send you to a hand surgeon if the bump is large or solid or involves a blood vessel (artery). Magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) is used to see the wrist and is very useful for ganglions. One drawback to this diagnostic method is the cost of the procedure. Your doctor may ask you to return for a check-up after your surgery and will decide if physical or occupational therapy is needed.
system: What are common side effects of Gilenya?
output: Common side effects include headache, diarrhea, back pain, cough, and abnormal liver tests. Because the medicine may slow your heart rate, the doctor will watch you closely after your first dose. The drug is also linked to progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy ( PML), a rare brain infection.
system: How can physical therapy help treat multiple sclerosis?
output: Your doctor may recommend treatments for: Muscle stiffness and spasms: Muscle relaxants like baclofen ( Lioresal) and tizanidine ( Zanaflex), or sedatives like clonazepam ( Klonopin) and diazepam ( Valium) Fatigue: Amantadine ( Symmetrel), armodafinil ( Nuvigil), modafinil ( Provigil) Depression: Antidepressants, such as bupropion ( Wellbutrin), fluoxetine ( Prozac), and sertraline ( Zoloft) Bladder problems: Oxybutynin ( Ditropan) or tolterodine ( Detrol) She may also suggest: Physical therapy: A trained health care professional can teach you exercises that help you stay active. You might also learn how to use a cane, walker, or other assistive device to get around more easily.
system: When is plasma exchange used to treat multiple sclerosis?
output: The most common ones are: Methylprednisolone ( Solu- Medrol) Prednisone ( Deltisone) ACTH ( H. P. Acthar Gel) Plasma exchange: This can help when a flare doesn't respond to steroids. Your doctor will remove some of your blood and separate the liquid portion (called plasma) from your blood cells. The cells are mixed with a protein solution and go back into your body.
system: What medication is prescribed for multiple sclerosis that doesn't respond to common medications?
output: Continue Reading Below Alemtuzumab ( Lemtrada) and mitoxantrone ( Novantrone) are chemotherapy drugs designed to treat cancer. They're an option if you don't respond to other mediations. They curb your immune system and prevent it from attacking nerve coverings. Novantrone has an FDA "black box" warning because it can lead to heart damage and a type of leukemia.
system: What is Tecfidera and how is it used to treat multiple sclerosis?
output: Dimethyl fumarate ( Tecfidera) is a tablet you take twice a day. It can lower your immune cells, so the doctor will do regular blood tests to keep an eye on them. The drug's most common side effects are flushing, stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. An active ingredient similar to the one in Tecfidera is linked to four cases of PML.
system: What are three drugs taken by mouth that treat the relapsing form of multiple sclerosis?
output: You can take other medications as a pill: Teriflunomide ( Aubagio) is a tablet you take once a day. The most common side effects include diarrhea, abnormal liver tests, nausea, and hair loss. It does carry a "black box" warning, the FDA's most serious warning, because it can lead to liver problems and birth defects. If you take it, your doctor will likely do regular tests to check how well your liver is working.
system: What are disease-modifying drugs that can reduce the number of flare-ups of multiple sclerosis?
output: They include: Avonex (interferon beta-1a) Betaseron (interferon beta-1b) Extavia (interferon beta-1b) Plegridy (peginterferon beta-1a) Rebif (interferon beta-1a) Glatiramer ( Copaxone, Glatopa): This medication stops your immune system from attacking the myelin that surrounds and protects your nerves.
system: What medications are used to manage symptoms of multiple sclerosis?
output: Your doctor may recommend treatments for: Muscle stiffness and spasms: Muscle relaxants like baclofen ( Lioresal) and tizanidine ( Zanaflex), or sedatives like clonazepam ( Klonopin) and diazepam ( Valium) Fatigue: Amantadine ( Symmetrel), armodafinil ( Nuvigil), modafinil ( Provigil) Depression: Antidepressants, such as bupropion ( Wellbutrin), fluoxetine ( Prozac), and sertraline ( Zoloft) Bladder problems: Oxybutynin ( Ditropan) or tolterodine ( Detrol) She may also suggest: Physical therapy: A trained health care professional can teach you exercises that help you stay active.
system: What disease-modifying drugs are used to reduce flare-ups in multiple sclerosis?
output: They include: Avonex (interferon beta-1a) Betaseron (interferon beta-1b) Extavia (interferon beta-1b) Plegridy (peginterferon beta-1a) Rebif (interferon beta-1a) Glatiramer ( Copaxone, Glatopa): This medication stops your immune system from attacking the myelin that surrounds and protects your nerves.
system: How are flare-ups in multiple sclerosis treated?
output: If you're taking other medication, mild flares will eventually go away on their own. Steroids: If a flare gets in the way of your life, your doctor may give you high-dose steroids through a vein (intravenously) or by mouth to ease your symptoms quickly. These drugs will calm the flare, but they won't slow the course of your disease. Get some exercise: Even a walk around the block can help.
system: How should I treat multiple sclerosis flare-ups?
output: If you're taking other medication, mild flares will eventually go away on their own. Steroids: If a flare gets in the way of your life, your doctor may give you high-dose steroids through a vein (intravenously) or by mouth to ease your symptoms quickly. These drugs will calm the flare, but they won't slow the course of your disease. Get some exercise: Even a walk around the block can help.
system: When should I start medication for multiple sclerosis?
output: These medicines slow down the advance of your disease and prevent flare-ups. If they aren't bothering you, you don't need to treat them. Talk to your doctor about anything you're tempted to take. You should get your doctor to check your levels and discuss if you need to take a supplement.
system: When do doctors use disease-modifying drugs to treat multiple sclerosis?
output: There's no cure for multiple sclerosis ( MS), but medicines and lifestyle changes can help you manage the disease. These medicines slow down the advance of your disease and prevent flare-ups.
system: Are there side effects associated with drugs used to slow the advance of multiple sclerosis?
output: They include: Avonex (interferon beta-1a) Betaseron (interferon beta-1b) Extavia (interferon beta-1b) Plegridy (peginterferon beta-1a) Rebif (interferon beta-1a) Glatiramer ( Copaxone, Glatopa): This medication stops your immune system from attacking the myelin that surrounds and protects your nerves. The drug's most common side effects are flushing, stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
system: What are the side effects of interferon drugs and Copaxone for multiple sclerosis?
output: They include: Avonex (interferon beta-1a) Betaseron (interferon beta-1b) Extavia (interferon beta-1b) Plegridy (peginterferon beta-1a) Rebif (interferon beta-1a) Glatiramer ( Copaxone, Glatopa): This medication stops your immune system from attacking the myelin that surrounds and protects your nerves. The drug's most common side effects are flushing, stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
system: What should you know about taking drugs to treat insomnia?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } In some cases, doctors will prescribe drugs for the treatment of insomnia. All insomnia medications should be taken shortly before bed. Do not attempt to drive or perform other activities that require concentration after taking an insomnia drug because it will make you sleepy. Medications should be used in combination with good sleep practices.
system: How are antidepressants used to treat insomnia?
output: Antidepressants : Some antidepressant drugs, such as trazodone ( Desyrel), are very good at treating sleeplessness and anxiety.
system: How are benzodiazepines used to treat insomnia?
output: Benzodiazepines: These older sleeping pills -- emazepam ( Restoril), triazolam ( Halcion), and others -- may be useful when you want an insomnia medication that stays in the system longer. For instance, they have been effectively used to treat sleep problems such as sleepwalking and night terrors. But these drugs may cause you to feel sleepy during the day and can also cause dependence, meaning you may always need to be on the drug to be able to sleep.
system: How is doxepine (Silenor) used to treat insomnia?
output: Doxepine ( Silenor ): This sleep drug is approved for use in people who have trouble staying asleep. Silenor may help with sleep maintenance by blocking histamine receptors. Do not take this drug unless you are able to get a full 7 or 8 hours of sleep. That means you can try to fall asleep on your own.
system: What are concerns regarding the use of drugs for insomnia?
output: The FDA warns that you should not drive or do anything that requires you to be alert the day after taking Ambien CR because it stays in the body a long time. There is no proof that they work well for insomnia, and they can cause some drowsiness the next day.
system: Who gets gout?
output: It's also more common in men over 40. Women are more likely to get it after menopause.
system: What can you do about gout?
output: This usually happens in your big toe, but you also can have gout in your knee, ankle, foot, hand, wrist, or elbow. You can take anti-inflammatory medicine (like aspirin and ibuprofen), ice the inflamed area and drink plenty of fluids.
system: How can migraines cause tinnitus?
output: But they also can have ear-related symptoms like fullness, muffled hearing, and tinnitus.
system: How can head or neck injuries cause tinnitus?
output: Either can cause problems with your nerves, blood flow, and muscles. That can lead to tinnitus, which often comes with headaches and memory issues when it's linked to head or neck trauma.
system: How can colds or ear infections cause tinnitus?
output: Congestion, along with ear and sinus infections, can cause pressure to build up in your inner ear. The same thing can happen if you have too much ear wax. That pressure can cause tinnitus. Treating the cause should ease your symptoms.
system: What if I have an allergic reaction from sclerotherapy?
output: A minor allergic reaction will cause itching and swelling. To avoid any serious complications, your doctor will likely test the agents on a small area before applying the solutions to a larger area. If you have any concerns or questions following this procedure, you should contact your doctor.
system: Does insurance cover sclerotherapy?
output: Insurance coverage for sclerotherapy varies. If your varicose veins are causing medical problems such as pain or chronic swelling, your insurance may offer reimbursement. If you are pursuing sclerotherapy for cosmetic purposes only, your insurance carrier most likely will not provide coverage. You should discuss your concerns with your doctor.
system: Where is sclerotherapy performed?
output: Less than 10% of the people who have sclerotherapy do not respond to the injections at all.
system: How long does it take for veins to go away after sclerotherapy?
output: In general, spider veins respond in three to six weeks, and larger veins respond in three to four months. If the veins respond to the treatment, they will not reappear. However, new veins may appear at the same rate as before. If needed, you may return for injections.
system: Who shouldn't get sclerotherapy?
output: If you have had a blood clot in the past, your eligibility will be decided on an individual basis, and will depend on the overall health of the area needing treatment as well as the reason for the clot. Veins that are potentially usable for future heart bypass surgery will generally not be considered for sclerotherapy, unless they are already deemed unusable. If you are pursuing sclerotherapy for cosmetic purposes only, your insurance carrier most likely will not provide coverage.