laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What drugs treat psychotic disorders?
output: Antipsychotics are a class of drugs used commonly to treat psychotic disorders -- conditions in which thinking can be irrational, and people have false beliefs (delusions) or perceptions (hallucinations) -- and sometimes to treat mood disorders such as bipolar disorder or major depression. Different antipsychotics vary in their side effects, and some people have more trouble with certain side effects than with others. The doctor can change medications or dosages to help minimize unpleasant side effects. A drawback to some antipsychotic medications is their potential to cause sedation and problems with involuntary movements as well as weight gain and changes in blood sugar or cholesterol, which require periodic laboratory monitoring. Changes in Blood Sugar and Cholesterol : Some atypical antipsychotics can cause increases in blood sugar (which could eventually lead to diabetes) and blood lipids such as cholesterol and triglycerides.
system: What are some of the most common drugs to treat mental illness?
output: Some of the most commonly used are antidepressants, anti-anxiety, anti-psychotic, mood stabilizing, and stimulant medications. Many drugs used to treat mental disorders in adults are also used to treat the same illnesses in children.
system: How can you recover better after tonsillectomy?
output: These tips can help you feel your best while you recover: Take your pain medication as your doctor prescribed. The pain will be worse immediately after surgery -- it should start to go away after the first week. Call your doctor if your pain gets worse instead of better. Suck on ice cubes to help with throat pain. Drink plenty of water, apple juice, and other clear fluids to stay hydrated. Drink smoothies or eat soft foods to make sure you get enough nutrition.
system: Why do kids tend to recover much faster after tonsillectomy than adults?
output: They only need a week to heal, while adults need about two. There are a few reasons for this: Children typically heal faster than adults. Children are less likely to have bleeding problems after their tonsils are removed. Adults tend to have more pain after surgery. This may be because adults try to do too much too soon after surgery. They may not follow the rest and recovery instructions as a parent would make a child.
system: What can you expect after tonsillectomy?
output: Your doctor will discuss these with you, but you should call him if you have any trouble breathing, bleeding, pain that gets worse, signs of dehydration (you don't have to pee often), or a fever over 102 F. Most adults who have their tonsils taken out because of chronic infection say they: Have fewer sore throats Don't have to use antibiotics as often Miss fewer days at work Have fewer doctor's visits Have better general health
system: How is tonsillectomy done?
output: You'll be given general anesthesia, so you'll be asleep and pain-free during the surgery. The surgeon will use a small knife called a scalpel to gently remove your tonsils. If you're doing well after a few hours, you'll likely be sent home to recover. But if you have a lot of bleeding from the wound, severe vomiting, trouble breathing, or other complication, you'll probably stay in the hospital overnight.
system: What are the risks of tonsillectomy?
output: Your sore throat might get better with antibiotics, but it comes back as soon as you're done with the treatment. A 2014 report found that 1 in 5 adults who had their tonsils taken out had some kind of problem afterward. These included: Dehydration Infection Pain Pneumonia Too much bleeding from the wound (hemorrhaging) You're a lot more likely to have one of these issues if you have: A history of pus collecting on your tonsils (peritonsillar abscess) Another health problem Used antibiotics often in the past year Kids tend to recover much faster after tonsil surgery than adults.
system: Why would an adult need a tonsillectomy?
output: Chronic throat infection is the most common reason adults have their tonsils out. Other reasons you might have your tonsils removed as an adult include: Obstructive sleep apnea (if a blockage of your upper airway is caused by swollen tonsils) Bad breath, or halitosis, that doesn't go away (if caused by a collection of pus and debris in your tonsil area) Cancer (spread from your head or neck area) Men are more likely to have their tonsils removed than women.
system: Which adults should get the hepatitis A vaccine?
output: Will have close contact with an international adoptee from a country where hepatitis A is common Are a man who has sex with men Use street drugs Have chronic liver disease Work with primates infected with hepatitis A or with the virus in a research lab Also, if you work with food, you should consider getting the hepatitis A vaccine.
system: Are there any dangers or side effects associated with the hepatitis A vaccine?
output: But in very rare cases, people can have a severe allergic reaction to the hepatitis A vaccine. This occurs within a few minutes to hours of getting the shot. In extremely rare cases, this reaction can be fatal. It's important to remember that the risks from the disease are much greater than the risk from the vaccine itself. Signs of a severe reaction to the hepatitis A vaccination include: High fever Behavior changes Trouble breathing Hoarseness or wheezing Hives Paleness Weakness Fast heartbeat Dizziness Other minor reactions to the hepatitis A vaccine that may last one to two days may include: Soreness at the site of injection Headache Fatigue If you have any signs of a severe reaction: Call the doctor or get to a doctor right away Describe when you had the vaccine and what occurred Have a health care professional report the reaction
system: Are there any adults who should not get the vaccine?
output: Do not get the hepatitis vaccine if you: Have ever had a severe allergic reaction to a hepatitis A vaccine or to any vaccine component; hepatitis A vaccines contain alum and some contain 2-phenoxyethanol. Are ill, unless it is a mild illness Are pregnant You receive the injection of the hepatitis A vaccine in the muscle of your upper arm.
system: How is the hepatitis A virus spread?
output: The hepatitis A virus, present in the stool of infected people, spreads through: Close personal contact, such as household or sexual contact, with an infected person Contaminated water or ice Contaminated raw shellfish, fruits, vegetables, or other uncooked foods If you get hepatitis A as an adult, you are more likely to have signs and symptoms than young children who are infected.
system: How and when should you get the hepatitis A vaccine?
output: Are ill, unless it is a mild illness Are pregnant You receive the injection of the hepatitis A vaccine in the muscle of your upper arm. Start the vaccine series when you are at risk of infection and at least one month before traveling. You need two doses at least six months apart. There are also combination vaccines for adults that protect against both hepatitis A and hepatitis B. However, these have a different dosing schedule. Ask your doctor for details. You might prefer this option if, for example, you are traveling to countries with high rates of both diseases.
system: When should you call your doctor about flu symptoms?
output: Look for these symptoms: Fever -- usually between 101 F and 102 F (but sometimes as high as 106 F) Chills Sore throat Dry, hacking cough Aching muscles General fatigue and weakness Stopped up head Sneezing Headache You have these symptoms, and you also have a weakened immune system because of cancer, diabetes, AIDS, or other conditions. You have symptoms and a serious illness like heart, lung, or kidney disease, brittle asthma, or chronic anemia. You're more likely to have problems with the flu, and your doctor should watch you closely. You have trouble breathing. You have a headache associated with a stiff neck. Your fever lasts more than 3 or 4 days, you get short of breath while resting, and you have chest pain. You may have pneumonia. Your nasal drainage is yellow or green and has lasted for more than 10 days. You could have a sinus infection.
system: How should I order my schedule so my multiple sclerosis doesn't affect my energy levels?
output: Have a plan. Schedule your days according to what you know about your energy levels. If you always get tired in the afternoon, try to get as much done as you can in the morning. See if you can change your work schedule to get to the office early so you can leave before you're too tired. Do important jobs first.
system: How will multiple sclerosis affect my energy levels?
output: The right steps can give you the boost you need to spend time on the things that matter. Have a plan. Schedule your days according to what you know about your energy levels.
system: How should you get rest to fight multiple sclerosis fatigue?
output: Schedule your days according to what you know about your energy levels. Just don't nap too much. It could throw off your sleep schedule and keep you up at night. Take a short walk, or do 15 minutes of yoga.
system: How are antihistamines used to treat sinus headaches?
output: If your headaches and other sinus problems keep coming back, surgery can sometimes help if nothing else does.
system: What can worsen your sinus headache?
output: Perfume, cigarette smoke, and certain chemicals can irritate your nasal passages and worsen your symptoms.
system: What do you need to know about treating sinus headaches?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Your clogged sinuses can give you pain and pressure above your nose and between your eyes, but the right treatment can bring relief. First, you need to find out if a sinus headache is the cause of your discomfort.
system: How can moisture help to treat sinus headaches?
output: Rinse the neti pot after each use and let it air dry.
system: How are nasal steroid sprays used to treat sinus headaches?
output: In some cases, your doctor may prescribe these sprays and other drugs to reduce your congestion and pain.
system: How can salt water help to treat sinus headaches?
output: Use salt water. Get a bulb syringe or neti pot and flush out your sinuses with salt water. It moistens and helps clear mucus from your nasal passages, which cuts down on the pressure. Always use distilled, sterile, or previously boiled and cooled water. Rinse the neti pot after each use and let it air dry. You can also try saline (salt water) nasal sprays to flush out your stuffy nose.
system: What are the symptoms of sinus headaches?
output: These headaches may give you: Pain and pressure around the sinuses -- in the forehead, especially behind and between the eyes, and above the nose. If pain is your only symptom, you probably don't have a sinus headache. Those usually have other symptoms as well, including: Stuffy nose Nasal discharge Cough Sore throat Fatigue Your doctor may suggest treating the pain and the underlying causes of your sinus headache at the same.
system: What causes constipation?
output: If you're constipated, it's often because there isn't enough water in your stool, a problem that occurs when you don't drink enough fluids.
system: How should you take laxatives for constipation?
output: Laxatives are best taken short-term only, because you don't want to start relying on them to go to the bathroom. Also ask how to ease off laxatives when you no longer need them. Stopping them too abruptly can affect your colon's ability to contract.
system: When should you call your doctor about your constipation?
output: Call your doctor right away if you have any of these symptoms with constipation: Stomach pain Blood in your stools Unexplained weight loss Inability to have a bowel movement Also, call if you've been having trouble going for more than three weeks and constipation treatments aren't working. You may have a condition called Chronic Idiopathic Constipation ( CIC) which means your constipation may be caused by something other than physical or physiological.
system: Where can you get fiber to treat constipation?
output: Good fiber sources include: Bran and other whole grains found in cereals, breads, and brown rice Vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, carrots, and asparagus Fresh fruits, or dried fruits such as raisins, apricots, and prunes Beans While you're having an issue with constipation, limit foods that are high in fat and low in fiber, like cheese and other dairy products, processed foods, and meat.
system: Which foods should you avoid if you have constipation?
output: Good fiber sources include: Bran and other whole grains found in cereals, breads, and brown rice Vegetables such as Brussels sprouts, carrots, and asparagus Fresh fruits, or dried fruits such as raisins, apricots, and prunes Beans While you're having an issue with constipation, limit foods that are high in fat and low in fiber, like cheese and other dairy products, processed foods, and meat. They can make constipation worse.
system: When should you use laxatives to treat constipation?
output: In that case, stopping the medicine or treating the problem should relieve your constipation. If your doctor recommends laxatives, ask what type is best for you, and for how long you should take them.
system: How much water should you drink to avoid constipation?
output: And on the subject of diet, water is important for preventing constipation, too. Try to drink at least 8 glasses of water a day.
system: What can untreated constipation lead to?
output: Untreated constipation can lead to real problems, such as hemorrhoids and tears in the skin around the anus (called fissures) that make you bleed. If you strain too hard, you might even cause part of your intestines to push out through the anus -- a condition called rectal prolapse that can sometimes require surgery.
system: What can make constipation worse?
output: Regardless of what constipation treatment you use, give yourself enough time to sit on the toilet when you need to go. Holding in the urge can make your constipation worse. Set aside a regular time of the day when you know you'll be left undisturbed for several minutes.
system: How much fiber should you have to treat constipation?
output: Gradually increase the amount of fiber in your diet until you're getting at least 20 to 35 grams of fiber daily. Moving your body will keep your bowels moving, too.
system: What is the best way to relieve constipation?
output: Try to drink at least 8 glasses of water a day. In general, doctors do not recommend using mineral oil or castor oil. Mineral oil can cause problems such as vitamin deficiencies, and castor oil can lead to long-term constipation. These laxatives work quickly, but they can cause side effects, including cramping and diarrhea, so use them for as short a period of time as possible.
system: What laxatives can you use for constipation?
output: Laxatives come in several forms: Bulk-forming fiber supplements include Citrucel, Fiber Con, and Metamucil. Unlike other laxatives, you can take these every day. Although they are safe to use regularly, fiber supplements can interfere with your body's ability to absorb certain medicines, and they may cause bloating, cramps, and gas. Drink a lot of water with them. Lubricant laxatives, including Zymenol, help the stool pass more easily through the colon. Osmotic laxatives such as lactulose, Miralax, Milk of Magnesia, and Sorbitol help fluids move through your intestines. If you have diabetes, ask your doctor before taking osmotics because they can cause electrolyte imbalances. Stimulant laxatives such as Dulcolax and Senokot make the muscles in your intestines contract to help push stool out. These laxatives work quickly, but they can cause side effects, including cramping and diarrhea, so use them for as short a period of time as possible. Stool softeners such as Colace and Surfak make stools easier to pass by adding fluid to them. Having softer stool can prevent you from having to strain during bowel movements. Your doctor may recommend one of these products if your constipation is due to childbirth or surgery. Plecanitide ( Trulance) changes stool consistency by increasing the amount of water into the GI lumen and increases gastrointestinal movement.
system: How common is constipation?
output: Women are the most frequent constipation sufferers. This may have to do with the slower movement of food through a woman's intestines, as well as with the effects of female hormones on the GI tract. Drink a lot of water with them.
system: How is constipation defined?
output: Some women naturally have a bowel movement a few times a day, while others go just a few times a week. You don't need constipation treatments unless you're going to the bathroom a lot less often than usual. Call your doctor right away if you have any of these symptoms with constipation: Stomach pain Blood in your stools Unexplained weight loss Inability to have a bowel movement Also, call if you've been having trouble going for more than three weeks and constipation treatments aren't working.
system: Why do people get dialysis if kidney transplants are better?
output: Many people go on dialysis because they need to. They have no other choice while they're on a waiting list for a donor kidney. And for them, dialysis is a lifesaver.
system: What are the advantages of kidney transplant?
output: Not only do people who get transplants usually live longer, they also tend to have: Better quality of life. They don't spend hours each week getting dialysis, and they're more likely to go back to work. Fewer limits on their diet Fewer long-term health problems from the transplant than people have with dialysis More energy Also, dialysis can take a toll on the body. It can cause problems ranging from anemia, where you have fewer red blood cells, to heart disease.
system: Who may not be a good candidate for a kidney transplant?
output: People at almost any age, from children to older adults, can get a kidney transplant, but not everyone is healthy enough for one. If your loved one has any of these conditions, they're not likely to get a transplant: Active or recently treated cancer Illness that might limit their life to just a few more years Infection that can't be treated or keeps coming back Serious health condition -- like severe heart disease -- that means they're not healthy enough for surgery Very overweight The following problems could also prevent a transplant: Dementia Drug or alcohol abuse Hard time remembering to take medicine Mental health problems that aren't easily managed Even if your loved one is older or has a health condition like diabetes, your doctor can help you understand if a transplant is a safe option.
system: What are the side effects of the medicines you take after a kidney transplant?
output: Like any medicine, the drugs used to prevent transplant rejections can have side effects. They generally work by making your immune system less active, which makes you more likely to get infections and can raise the odds of getting cancer. Other side effects may include acne, bone disease, and high blood pressure.
system: What are the risks from kidney transplant?
output: The main ones are: Kidney rejection. There's a chance that the body will reject the donated kidney. Your loved one will take medicine for the rest of their life to prevent this from happening, and newer drugs greatly lower the odds of it. Side effects from medicine. They generally work by making your immune system less active, which makes you more likely to get infections and can raise the odds of getting cancer. Other side effects may include acne, bone disease, and high blood pressure. Any surgery, including a kidney transplant, has risks, such as bleeding and infection.
system: What are the pros and cons of kidney transplant and dialysis as treatment for chronic kidney disease?
output: The kidneys are so important because they remove waste from the body. So when they stop working as well, waste and fluids build up. They can get a transplant to receive a healthy kidney from a donor. The reason is simple: People who get transplants generally live longer than those who get dialysis. Fewer limits on their diet Fewer long-term health problems from the transplant than people have with dialysis More energy Also, dialysis can take a toll on the body. Mainly because there are many more people in need of kidneys than there are donors.
system: What factors might disqualify you as a kidney transplant recipient?
output: The reason is simple: People who get transplants generally live longer than those who get dialysis. If your loved one has any of these conditions, they're not likely to get a transplant: Active or recently treated cancer Illness that might limit their life to just a few more years Infection that can't be treated or keeps coming back Serious health condition -- like severe heart disease -- that means they're not healthy enough for surgery Very overweight The following problems could also prevent a transplant: Dementia Drug or alcohol abuse Hard time remembering to take medicine Mental health problems that aren't easily managed Even if your loved one is older or has a health condition like diabetes, your doctor can help you understand if a transplant is a safe option.
system: What are two main options for someone with chronic kidney disease?
output: If you have a loved one with chronic kidney disease, it's no different. They can get a transplant to receive a healthy kidney from a donor. Or they can start dialysis, a treatment where blood gets filtered either by a machine or in the belly with the help of a special tube. You might think that a transplant is more of a last resort, the thing to do when you've run out of options. But that's hardly the case. For most people, doctors prefer transplant over dialysis.
system: Can antibiotics fight a cold?
output: Here's the plain truth: Colds are caused by viruses, and no antibiotic in the world can fight one. They only treat an infection that's brought on by another small living thing -- bacteria.
system: Why do antibiotics get less effective the more you take them?
output: When people take antibiotics when they don't have to, over time, the medicine becomes less effective. The reason has to do with the bacteria themselves. These new strains are "resistant" to some types of antibiotics. If you get an infection with one of these bacteria, your doctor may need to try several types of drugs until he finds one that works. You could get a lot sicker while you wait for the one that can treat you.
system: Why do people take saffron?
output: More research is needed. Saffron may also help with depression. Several small studies showed that it seemed to work as well as a common antidepressant in helping symptoms. Larger studies need to be done to see if this would be a safe and effective treatment.
system: What are side effects of saffron?
output: Using saffron supplements in the short-term seems safe for most people. They may cause side effects like anxiety, appetite changes, upset stomach, sleepiness, and headache. Using saffron in high doses or for long periods of time may be risky. Some people are also allergic to saffron.
system: How much saffron should I take?
output: Ideal doses for saffron have not been set for any condition, although studies have been done using 30 mg of the extract a day, or 15-200 milligrams of dried saffron daily. Ingredients in supplements may vary widely. This makes it very hard to set a standard dose.
system: What are the risks of saffron?
output: Saffron may also help with depression. Supplements are not regulated by the FDA in the same way that food and drugs are.
system: Do any medicines have interactions with saffron?
output: It's been used as a traditional treatment for thousands of years. Check with your doctor before using it if you are taking medication.