laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: How can nicotine gum help me quit smoking?
output: When the tingling is gone, start chewing again. Do this over and over again until the tingle is gone â usually after about 30 minutes. If you feel the need to continue, talk to your doctor. They dissolve in your mouth. Your dose depends on how much you smoke. Treatment should take 12 weeks. Varenicline ( Chantix ) is probably the first medicine you'll try if you need a prescription.
system: How can a dentist tell when a wisdom teeth removal is needed?
output: Your dentist will look at the shape of your mouth and the position of your teeth to make a decision. Your age plays a role, too. Still not ready to part with your molars? You can ask your dentist to explain what he sees with your teeth. In many cases, you can wait several months to see if things change before making your decision. But if you have pain or notice swelling or a bad odor near your back teeth, it may be time for a second look.
system: What happens during a meditation session?
output: During a meditation session, intruding worries or thoughts should be ignored or dismissed to the best of your ability by focusing on the sound, word or phrase. It's OK to open your eyes to look at a clock while you are practicing, but do not set an alarm. When you have finished, remain seated, first with your eyes closed and then with your eyes open, and gradually allow your thoughts to return to everyday reality.
system: What is the history of meditation?
output: In his book The Relaxation Response (published in 1975 and reissued in 2000), Benson recommends practicing the technique once or twice a day.
system: How does relaxation response of meditation work?
output: This should be done in a quiet place free of distractions. Sitting is preferred to lying down in order to avoid falling asleep. Relax your muscles starting with the feet and progressing up to your face. Breathe though your nose in a free and natural way. During a meditation session, intruding worries or thoughts should be ignored or dismissed to the best of your ability by focusing on the sound, word or phrase.
system: What is meditation?
output: Meditation is a simple technique that, if practiced for as few as 10 minutes each day, can help you control stress, decrease anxiety, improve cardiovascular health, and achieve a greater capacity for relaxation.
system: What causes anemia in people with diabetes?
output: Diabetes often leads to kidney damage, and failing kidneys can cause anemia. Healthy kidneys know when your body needs new red blood cells. They release a hormone called erythropoietin ( EPO), which signals your bone marrow to make more. Damaged kidneys don't send out enough EPO to keep up with your needs. Often, people don't realize they have kidney disease until it's very far along. But if you test positive for anemia, it can be an early sign of a problem with your kidneys.
system: What are signs that I have anemia?
output: When your brain and other organs don't get enough oxygen, you feel tired and weak. Other signs you may have anemia include: Shortness of breath Dizziness Headache Pale skin Chest pain Cold hands and feet Low body temperature Rapid heartbeat A complete blood count gives your doctor a good picture of what's going on in your blood.
system: Can kidney dialysis cause anemia?
output: If you have kidney dialysis, you may have blood loss, and that can also cause anemia.
system: What are the symptoms of anemia?
output: When your brain and other organs don't get enough oxygen, you feel tired and weak. Other signs you may have anemia include: Shortness of breath Dizziness Headache Pale skin Chest pain Cold hands and feet Low body temperature Rapid heartbeat A complete blood count gives your doctor a good picture of what's going on in your blood.
system: How do doctors test for anemia?
output: Other signs you may have anemia include: Shortness of breath Dizziness Headache Pale skin Chest pain Cold hands and feet Low body temperature Rapid heartbeat A complete blood count gives your doctor a good picture of what's going on in your blood. It counts your red and white blood cells and platelets, and it checks whether the red blood cells are a normal size. It also checks the levels of hemoglobin in your blood and your blood volume. If your hemoglobin levels are low, you may be anemic. The normal ranges are 14 to 17.5 for men and 12.3 to 15.3 for women. If you have a lower percentage of red blood cells in your blood, you may be anemic.
system: How is anemia because of high blood pressure and high blood sugar treated?
output: High blood pressure and high blood sugar cause the kidney damage that brings on anemia. If your doctor has prescribed you medication for either high blood pressure or high blood sugar, it's important that you take it. A good diet and regular exercise also help.
system: How is anemia because of a lack of erythropoietin treated?
output: If your kidneys don't make enough EPO -- the hormone that boosts the level of red blood cells you make -- your treatment may be a synthetic version of the hormone. You'll get an injection every week or two, or you'll have it during dialysis. It raises hemoglobin for most people, but it may also increase your chances of a heart attack or stroke. Your doctor needs to watch you closely while you're on it If your anemia is severe, you may need a blood transfusion.
system: What can affect the absorption of iron if I'm anemic?
output: Good sources of iron include: Iron-fortified breads and cereals Beans and lentils Oysters Liver Green leafy vegetables, especially spinach Tofu Red meat Fish Dried fruit, like prunes, raisins and apricots Your body absorbs iron better if you have it along with food that contains vitamin C, like fruits and vegetables. Coffee, tea, and calcium can make you absorb less of it. High blood pressure and high blood sugar cause the kidney damage that brings on anemia. If your doctor has prescribed you medication for either high blood pressure or high blood sugar, it's important that you take it. A good diet and regular exercise also help.
system: How is anemia treated?
output: Your doctor may test you for: Iron deficiency Kidney failure Vitamin deficiency Internal bleeding Bone marrow health If you're anemic because your iron levels are low, it may help to eat iron-rich foods and take supplements. For people on kidney dialysis, it's best to get iron injected directly into a vein. If your kidneys don't make enough EPO -- the hormone that boosts the level of red blood cells you make -- your treatment may be a synthetic version of the hormone. You'll get an injection every week or two, or you'll have it during dialysis. It raises hemoglobin for most people, but it may also increase your chances of a heart attack or stroke. Your doctor needs to watch you closely while you're on it If your anemia is severe, you may need a blood transfusion.
system: How does anemia affect the kidneys in diabetes patients?
output: Often, people don't realize they have kidney disease until it's very far along. But if you test positive for anemia, it can be an early sign of a problem with your kidneys. People with diabetes are more likely to have inflamed blood vessels. This can keep bone marrow from getting the signal they need to make more red blood cells.
system: How can some medications affect the blood of diabetics?
output: And some medications used to treat diabetes can drop your levels of the protein hemoglobin, which you need to carry oxygen through your blood. These drugs include ACE inhibitors, fibrates, metformin, and thiazolidinediones. If you take one of these, talk to your doctor about your risk for anemia. If you have kidney dialysis, you may have blood loss, and that can also cause anemia.
system: Why does someone with diabetes need to get their blood checked regularly?
output: If you spot anemia early on, you can better manage the issues causing it. Healthy kidneys know when your body needs new red blood cells. People with diabetes are more likely to have inflamed blood vessels. If you have kidney dialysis, you may have blood loss, and that can also cause anemia.
system: Is it common for people with diabetes to have anemia?
output: If you spot anemia early on, you can better manage the issues causing it. Healthy kidneys know when your body needs new red blood cells. People with diabetes are more likely to have inflamed blood vessels. If you have kidney dialysis, you may have blood loss, and that can also cause anemia.
system: What will doctors test for if I'm anemic?
output: Your doctor may test you for: Iron deficiency Kidney failure Vitamin deficiency Internal bleeding Bone marrow health If you're anemic because your iron levels are low, it may help to eat iron-rich foods and take supplements. Your doctor needs to watch you closely while you're on it If your anemia is severe, you may need a blood transfusion.
system: How can I help a loved one who is addicted to prescription drugs?
output: Doctors can refer you to drug treatment programs for the family member or friend. Many of these programs use outpatient treatment with medications and behavioral therapy. Most importantly, talk to the person about your concerns so he knows that you are aware of the problem. Be prepared for a lot of resistance and denial. Many people with addiction must go through serious consequences before they accept their illness. Then, stand beside the person as he works to move beyond the addiction.
system: What is a drug addiction?
output: Addiction is a chronic brain disease that often happens again. It causes compulsive drug seeking and use despite harmful effects on the addicted person and the people around that person. The abuse of drugs -- even prescription drugs -- leads to changes in how the brain looks and works. For most people, the first decision to take prescription drugs is voluntary. But over time, changes in the brain caused by repeated drug abuse affect a person's self-control and ability to make sound decisions. While this is going on, the person continues to have intense impulses to take more drugs.
system: How can buprenorphine help with treating prescription drug abuse?
output: Buprenorphine is a drug used to treat opiate withdrawal, and it is often combined with the drug naloxone (a combination that can be called Suboxone, Bunavail, or Zubsolv) to prevent relapse. A form of buprenorphine (called Probuphine) can be implanted under the skin. It treats opiate dependence in people who have been taking a stable dose of oral buprenorphine and are no longer ridding their bodies of the drug they're being treated for. It provides a constant dose of buprenorphine for 6 months.
system: What makes some people more likely to get addicted to prescription drugs?
output: Opioids can also be life-threatening in an overdose. Your biology, social environment, and age or stage of growth seem to affect how likely you are to get addicted. The more risks you have, the greater the chance that taking drugs can lead to addiction. Equally important is your stage of growth. Studies show the earlier someone begins to abuse drugs, the greater the chances are that the addiction may become more serious problems.
system: What are examples of stimulants?
output: The National Institute on Drug Abuse says the three classes of prescription drugs that are often abused are: Opioids used to treat pain Central nervous system ( CNS) depressants, such as benzodiazepines ( Xanax, Valium, Ativan, ), used to treat anxiety and sleep disorders Stimulants, such as amphetamine and ( Adderall) or ( Concerta, Daytrana, Methylin, Ritalin), used to treat attention deficit disorder and narcolepsy (a sleep disorder). Today, they're also prescribed to treat problems such as ADHD, ADD, depression, narcolepsy, and other problems. Examples of stimulants are dextroamphetamine ( Dexedrine, Dextrostat, Pro Centra), lisdexamfetamine ( Vyvanse), methylphenidate ( Concerta, Daytrana, Methylin, Ritalin), and the combination of amphetamine and dextroamphetamine ( Adderall).
system: What will your doctor prescribe to treat pruritus?
output: Your doctor may also prescribe medication to treat pruritus, including antihistamines and topical steroids. Rarely, steroid pills and antibiotics may also be needed.
system: How is pruritus treated?
output: Anyone can get pruritus but certain groups of people are more susceptible to the condition, including: People with seasonal allergies, hay fever, asthma, and eczema People with diabetes People with HIV/ AIDS and various types of cancer, especially those with leukemia or lymphoma Pregnant women The elderly Finding the cause of the itching and treating any underlying skin disease is the first step in solving pruritus. If a drug reaction is suspected, switching to a different medication may be helpful to reduce the itching. However, most drug reactions have a rash along with itching.
system: What is the best way to prevent pruritus?
output: The best way to prevent pruritus is to take care of your skin. To protect skin: Use skin creams and lotions that moisturize your skin and prevent dryness. Use sunscreens regularly to prevent sunburns and skin damage. Use mild bath soap that won't irritate your skin. Take a bath or shower in warm -- not hot -- water. Avoid certain fabrics, such as wool and synthetics, that can make skin itch. Switch to cotton clothing and bed sheets. Since warm, dry air can make skin dry, keep the thermostat in your house down and use a humidifier. To relieve itching, place a cool washcloth or some ice over the area that itches, rather than scratching.
system: What symptoms should I look out for if my blood pressure is extremely high?
output: If your blood pressure is extremely high, there may be certain symptoms to look out for, including: Severe headache Fatigue or confusion Vision problems Chest pain Difficulty breathing Irregular heartbeat Blood in the urine If you have any of these hypertension symptoms, see a doctor immediately.
system: When should I call my doctor about high blood pressure?
output: Your diastolic pressure -- the second, or bottom, number in a blood pressure reading -- suddenly shoots above 120 ,or your systolic pressure, the first number, is over 180; you may have malignant hypertension (also known as ''hypertensive emergency''), a life-threatening condition that can result in heart attack, stroke, kidney and eye problems. You are experiencing severe headaches, nausea, blurred vision, and confusion or memory loss; this may be a sign of malignant hypertension. You are pregnant and develop hypertension; symptoms may include severe headache and sudden swelling of the legs. High blood pressure during pregnancy can affect not only your own health, but also the health of your unborn child. You're taking drugs for high blood pressure and experiencing worrisome side effects, such as angioedema (swelling of your mouth or tongue), drowsiness, constipation, dizziness, or loss of sexual function; your doctor may prescribe a different anti-hypertensive drug.
system: How does the appetite suppressant drug  naltrexone (Contrave) work?
output: It contains two medications and may affect the reward system in your brain, so eating certain foods that would normally make you feel good no longer do. It also works on the hypothalamus, the part of your brain that regulates appetite, temperature, and other functions.
system: How does the appetite suppressant drug  phentermine (Qsymia) work?
output: It's a combo of two drugs. Phentermine is a stimulant that makes you feel less hungry. Topiramate is a medicine used for seizures and headache, but as part of a combo with phentermine may make you feel less hungry and more full.
system: How does the appetite suppressant drug liraglutide (Saxenda) work?
output: It was originally marketed as a diabetes treatment under the brand name Victoza. The drug dampens hunger by acting on a hormone in the gut. Yes, but probably not as much as you might hope.
system: How does the appetite suppressant drug  lorcaserin (Belviq) work?
output: The drug may help you feel full after you eat less food than you normally would. It also works on the hypothalamus, the part of your brain that regulates appetite, temperature, and other functions.
system: What are some tests and tools used to diagnose insomnia?
output: During the exam, your doctor will seek to identify any medical or psychological illness that may be contributing to your insomnia. Epworth Sleepiness Scale: a validated questionnaire that is used to assess daytime sleepiness. Polysomnogram: a test measuring activity during sleep. Actigraphy: a test to assess sleep-wake patterns over time. Actigraphs are small, wrist-worn devices (about the size of a wristwatch) that measure movement.
system: How much surgery will you get to treat ovarian cancer?
output: How much surgery you have depends on how far the cancer has spread. In some cases, the ovaries, uterus, cervix, or fallopian tubes may need to be removed. Other tissue typically removed includes lymph nodes, the omentum (fatty apron covering the intestines) and all visible cancer. If your surgery is in the very early stages or you want to have children, your doctor may not remove all your reproductive organs.
system: What are alternative treatments for chronic pain?
output: Other alternative treatments such as massage, chiropractic therapies, therapeutic touch, certain herbal therapies, and dietary approaches have the potential to alleviate chronic pain in some people.
system: Can herbal remedies help with treating chronic pain?
output: However, it is not possible to draw final conclusions regarding the effectiveness of massage to treat pain because of the shortcomings of available studies. Others, such as white willow bark, devil's claw, ginger, and turmeric have some evidence to support their use to treat pain. If you decide to use herbs to better manage your pain, it is of critical importance to share this information with your doctor. Some herbs may interact with drugs you are receiving for pain or other conditions and may harm your health.
system: What are symptoms of spondylolisthesis?
output: Symptoms include: Lower back pain Muscle tightness and stiffness Pain in the buttocks Pain radiating down the legs (due to pressure on nerve roots) Spondylolisthesis is treated with the strengthening of supportive abdominal and back muscles through physical therapy.
system: What's the treatment for spondylolisthesis?
output: Symptoms include: Lower back pain Muscle tightness and stiffness Pain in the buttocks Pain radiating down the legs (due to pressure on nerve roots) Spondylolisthesis is treated with the strengthening of supportive abdominal and back muscles through physical therapy. For patients who continue to have severe pain and disability after physical therapy, there is the option of surgical fusion (arthrodesis) of the vertebra to the bone below.
system: What do prostate ultrasounds and biopsies evaluate?
output: Prostate ultrasound and biopsy are tests that check the abnormal results of a digital rectal exam or an elevated prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) blood test.
system: Will I need to stop taking certain medications before a prostate biopsy and ultrasound?
output: Tell your doctor if you're taking clopidogrel ( Plavix), rivaroxaban ( Xarelto), warfarin ( Coumadin), or other blood thinners. You may need to stop taking them a week before the procedure. The doctor might prescribe another method to thin your blood.
system: What happens after receiving a prostate biopsy and ultrasound?
output: The doctor will send the biopsy to a lab for analysis. They'll discuss the results with you when they're ready, which is usually within a week. Meanwhile: You can go back to your normal meals and activities. Do NOT take aspirin, products with aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs such as Advil, Motrin, or Naprosyn, or indomethacin ( Indocin) for at least 3 days after the procedure. Drink six to eight glasses of water every day for 3 days after the test to help flush your urinary system. You may notice a small amount of blood in your urine, semen, or stool up to 7 days afterward. This is normal. If your rear end is sore, soak in a warm bath for 20 minutes. Take your antibiotics until all the pills are gone. If you miss a dose, take it when you remember and then go back to your regular schedule.
system: When should someone call the doctor after a prostate biopsy and ultrasound?
output: Call the nearest emergency department if: You have a fever above 100.4 degrees F (38 C).
system: How does someone prepare for a prostate biopsy and ultrasound?
output: Tell your doctor if you have a lung or heart condition or any other diseases, or if you're allergic to any medicines. Also let them know if you have an artificial heart valve or if you've ever been told you need to take antibiotics before a dental or surgical procedure. If you have any of these conditions, you'll get antibiotics to take before the biopsy.
system: Which medications should not be taken before a prostate biopsy and ultrasound?
output: The week before, don't take aspirin, products with aspirin, anti-inflammatory drugs such as Advil, Motrin, or Naprosyn, or indomethacin ( Indocin). You'll get antibiotics to take the night before or morning of the test to prevent infection. Don't stop taking any medication without talking to your doctor first.
system: What happens the day of a prostate cancer biopsy and ultrasound?
output: A doctor or nurse will explain the test in detail, including possible complications and side effects. You'll be able to ask questions.
system: Why does someone need an enema before getting a prostate biopsy and ultrasound?
output: Enemas: You'll get one enema before the procedure to empty your colon and minimize the risk of infection. The doctor may have you take the enema at home. Try to hold the enema solution for at least 5 minutes before you release it.
system: What are symptoms of osteomalacia?
output: If you have soft bones, you may have symptoms, including: Easily broken bones Feeling tired Pain Stiffness Trouble getting up from sitting or walking up stairs Weak muscles in your arms and thighs People with osteomalacia may walk with a waddling, side-to-side stride.
system: What tests are done to diagnose osteomalacia?
output: Your doctor probably will recommend: Blood tests to measure the level of vitamin D in your body X-rays to look at your bone structure Bone mineral density scans to test the amount of calcium and phosphate in your bones It doesn't happen often, but your doctor may want to do a bone biopsy. This involves taking a piece of your bone tissue to check it.
system: What would happen if your body has trouble absorbing vitamin D when you have osteomalacia?
output: The main ones are: You're not taking in enough vitamin D. You need this vitamin to absorb calcium from your diet. Your doctor probably will recommend: Blood tests to measure the level of vitamin D in your body X-rays to look at your bone structure Bone mineral density scans to test the amount of calcium and phosphate in your bones It doesn't happen often, but your doctor may want to do a bone biopsy. But talk to your doctor about it, and be sure to wear sunscreen. If the problem is severe, you may need surgery.
system: What is osteomalacia?
output: That makes them weak and more likely to bend and break. It's not the same as osteoporosis. Both can cause bones to break. But while osteomalacia is a problem with bones not hardening, osteoporosis is the weakening of the bone. It's rare, but some people have a genetic condition that causes osteomalacia.
system: What causes osteomalacia?
output: When the same thing happens in children, it's called rickets. The main ones are: You're not taking in enough vitamin D. You need this vitamin to absorb calcium from your diet. You can get it from sunlight or certain foods or supplements. Some seizure medications may cause it. It's rare, but some people have a genetic condition that causes osteomalacia.
system: What are different ways of taking naloxone?
output: As an injectable medication, the naloxone kit, called Evzio, comes with two auto-injectors and a trainer device, so you can learn how to use it ahead of time. The nasal spray form of naloxone should be given to the person when he/she is lying down.