laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What serious conditions can cause bloodshot eyes?
output: Dry eye happens when your body isn't making enough tears or they're evaporating too quickly. See a doctor if your eyes are bloodshot and if any of the following are true: You have eye pain You have light sensitivity You have a discharge from your eye Something punctured your eye You're having problems seeing You see bright circles (halos) around lights You have a headache You throw up or feel like you're going to Some other more serious conditions that can cause bloodshot eyes include: Corneal ulcers. These are sores on the cornea -- the clear layer that covers the front of your eye. They are usually caused by an infection. Your eyes will be red and sensitive to light. It may feel like there's something in your eye. You may see halos and feel sick to your stomach. Sudden attacks often happen when your pupils are enlarged. This can happen when you're stressed or in dark places like movie theaters. Taking certain drugs, including cold medications, can increase your chances too. If you think you have acute glaucoma, get to an emergency room. Iritis. This is inflammation inside the front of your eye. Treatment with steroids can help with pain and swelling and prevent vision loss. If you have immune system conditions like rheumatoid or psoriatic arthritis, you may be more likely to get this. Certain infections put you at risk too.
system: Could a broken blood vessel cause my eyes to be bloodshot?
output: This can happen after something as simple as a strong sneeze or cough. It probably looks bad, but it's usually not serious. It shouldn't hurt or affect how well you see. Think of it as a bruise in your eye that time will heal. It will take a week or two for it to go away. Your eye will be very red and painful.
system: When should I call my doctor about an allergy shot?
output: Get on the phone and go to the nearest emergency room if you have shortness of breath, a tight throat, or any other symptoms that worry you after getting your shot.
system: What causes Parkinsonism related to Parkinson's disease?
output: Medically, parkinsonism refers to any condition that causes symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease tremors at rest, muscle rigidity, slow movement, and changes in walking. Parkinson's disease is probably the most common form of parkinsonism. Other conditions that cause it include: Medications such as reserpine, Thorazine Toxic exposures to carbon monoxide, cyanide Hypothyroidism Hypoparathyroidism A variety of other neurologic conditions affecting the nerves in the substantia nigra such as Wilson's disease (a condition causing abnormal deposition of copper in the brain) and progressive supranuclear palsy Learn more about other causes of Parkinson's.
system: Who gets Parkinson's disease?
output: Common symptoms of Parkinson's disease include: Muscle rigidity Tremors Bradykinesia (the slowing down of movement and the gradual loss of spontaneous activity) Changes in walking pattern and posture Changes in speech and handwriting Loss of balance and increased falls Orthrostatic hypotension (a drop in blood pressure when standing, resulting in lightheadedness or fainting) Approximately one million Americans have Parkinson's disease, including three out of every 100 people over the age of 60. There is increasing evidence that Parkinson's disease may be inherited (genetically passed on between family members). However, about 4% of those with Parkinson's disease are diagnosed before age 50, and about half of those are diagnosed before age 40. When the diagnosis is made early, it is referred to as "young-onset" Parkinson's disease.
system: Is Parkinson's disease curable?
output: Although research is ongoing, to date there is no known cure or way to prevent Parkinson's disease. Still, even though there is no cure for Parkinson's disease, by identifying individual symptoms and determining a proper course of treatment, most people with the disease can live enjoyable, fulfilling lives.
system: What is the difference between young-onset Parkinson's disease and older onset Parkinson's disease?
output: However, about 4% of those with Parkinson's disease are diagnosed before age 50, and about half of those are diagnosed before age 40. Associated problems, such as memory loss, confusion, and balance difficulties, are also less frequent in young people with the disease. On the other hand, people with young-onset Parkinson's disease often have more movement problems due to the most commonly prescribed medication, levodopa, than older people with the disease.
system: How can an occupational therapist help manage the symptoms of multiple sclerosis?
output: Not everyone with MS will need this kind of therapy, but you might consider it if your symptoms make it hard to: Be productive at home, work, or school Have fun, including enjoying your hobbies and finding new ways to spend time Take care of yourself, including dressing, bathing, grooming, and eating In general, an occupational therapist can help you find easier ways to: Write Cook and do chores at home Eat Do your job Have fun and enjoy your hobbies Bathe and use the toilet Get dressed and groom yourself She also can give you information on how to adjust your surroundings to suit your needs. She might suggest ways to alter your home, your car, or your computer to make them easier to use. She can also teach you how to use a cane, wheelchair, and other devices to help you get around.
system: What are the signs of anaphylaxis, and how should I respond to them?
output: Signs of anaphylaxis are: Hives and itchiness Vomiting Diarrhea Pain in the abdomen Severe swelling in the throat that makes it hard to swallow or breathe; this can lead to stridor, or wheezing. Confusion Slurred speech Fast or weak pulse Dizziness (caused by a drop in blood pressure) Unconsciousness Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency. Keep in mind that anaphylaxis often develops quickly after exposure to the allergen -- possibly within minutes. If you know you're at risk for anaphylaxis, your doctor should have prescribed an epinephrine injection kit for emergencies (usually two pens).
system: What are the signs of an asthma emergency?
output: They include: Symptoms that keep getting worse, even with treatment Difficulty catching your breath or talking Flaring your nostrils as you breathe Sucking in your chest or stomach with each breath Difficulty walking A bluish or grayish tinge to your lips or fingernails If you have any of these asthma symptoms, call 911.
system: What are some of the most common symptoms of asthma?
output: The most common symptoms of asthma include: Coughing, especially at night or during exercise Wheezing or losing your breath easily Tightness in the chest Runny or stuffy nose, itchy eyes, itchy or sore throat Fatigue and weakness, especially during exercise Trouble sleeping Asthma triggers may include a common cold, exercise, cold air, and allergens.
system: How do fungi spread?
output: Fungi enter your body through tiny cracks in your skin. You can catch them by touching someone who has them. You can also catch fungi if your bare feet come in contact with them. This might happen when you walk barefoot in warm, moist areas, like a locker room or public pool.
system: How contagious is foot fungus?
output: Not as much as you might think. Foot fungus loves wet places, but you might have a better chance of catching it if you don't wash or dry your feet well, or don't change your socks and shoes often.
system: Are pedicures safe if I have foot fungus?
output: Yes. Never assume the spa cleans its tools after each client. Take your own to your appointment. That's the only way to make sure you don't catch -- or spread -- a pesky foot fungus in the nail salon.
system: Where can I walk barefoot if I have foot fungus?
output: You can also catch fungi if your bare feet come in contact with them. Always wear shoes in public places. You never know what germs or fungi lurk there. If you're using a public pool or shower, wear sandals or shower shoes.
system: Can I catch foot fungus from someone in my house?
output: Athlete's foot is the most common type of foot fungus. You can also catch fungi if your bare feet come in contact with them. Wash your feet with soap and water at least once each day and keep them dry.
system: Where do fungi thrive?
output: That's why they like your feet. Each foot has over 250,000 sweat glands. To stop the spread of foot fungus, dry your feet after they get wet. Let your shoes air out before you wear them again. Always wear shoes in public places.
system: What is foot fungus?
output: There are more than 80 types of fungi on your feet. That's way more than on other parts of the body, even the palms of your hands. But while some of these fungi may get a bad rap, you can relax. Most aren't harmful. Fungi enter your body through tiny cracks in your skin.
system: What should you expect when seeing a doctor about snoring?
output: During the doctor's visit, the doctor will ask about your symptoms and take a complete medical history. He or she will also perform a general physical exam, paying particular attention to your nose and throat. Your weight and blood pressure will be evaluated, and your blood may be tested for thyroid function. Your doctor may suggest you see an otolaryngologist (ear, nose, and throat doctor). These doctors are better equipped to examine your nasal passages for any blockages. Additionally, you may be referred to a sleep lab for further testing.
system: Should you talk to a doctor if you are a habitual snorer?
output: Occasional snoring is usually not very serious; mostly, it's a nuisance for your bed partner. However, if you are a habitual snorer, it is a good idea to get checked out by a doctor to make sure a more serious problem isn't causing your snoring.
system: How can antipsychotic drugs help your bipolar disorder mania?
output: Doctors used to prescribe these medicines as a short-term treatment to control agitation or psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations or delusions that can happen during mania or severe depression. Today, they are increasingly being used for other symptoms (such as agitation or insomnia) along with mood stabilizers to bring about faster improvements, and to help prevent relapses. Doctors also use some antipsychotic drugs as antidepressants for bipolar depression. Some of the newer antipsychotics seem to help stabilize moods on their own. As a result, doctors may use them as long-term treatment for people who can't take or don't respond to lithium and anticonvulsants.
system: What is lithium and how does it help people with bipolar disorder mania?
output: What It Is: Lithium is a drug that acts on the brain and spinal cord. It helps people with bipolar disorder have more control over their emotions, sleep, energy, and extremes in behavior.
system: How do antiseizure drugs help bipolar disorder mania?
output: What It Is: These medicines calm hyperactivity in the brain in various ways. For this reason, some of these drugs are used to treat epilepsy, prevent migraines, and treat other problems. Doctors sometimes favor them over lithium or use them with lithium or antipsychotic drugs for people who have ârapid cycling,â which is four or more episodes of mania and depression in a year.
system: What do I do if I miss a dose of lithium?
output: If you miss a dose, doctors and pharmacists usually recommend taking it as soon as you remember it -- unless the next scheduled dose is within 2 hours (or 6 hours for slow-release forms). If so, they usually recommend skipping the missed dose and resuming the usual dosing schedule. Don't "double-up" the dose to catch up.
system: What are benzodiazepines and how can it help treat your bipolar disorder mania?
output: What They Are: These medicines are sedatives. They slow the brain and nerves. In doing so, they can help treat mania, anxiety, panic disorder, insomnia, and seizures. They may also help restore normal sleep patterns and calm agitation in people with bipolar disorder.
system: What should I expect if I take lithium for my bipolar disorder?
output: What to Expect: It usually takes several weeks for lithium to work. Your doctor will give you blood tests during your treatment because lithium can affect how well your kidney s or thyroid work.
system: What are antipsychotic drugs?
output: What It Is: Antipsychotic drugs affect chemicals in the brain called neurotransmitters. It is not clear exactly how these drugs work, but they usually improve manic episodes quickly.
system: What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) and how can it help ibipolar disorder mania?
output: What It Is: Doctors use electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT), also known as electroshock therapy, to treat hospitalized people who are severely depressed or manic, suicidal, psychotic, or persistently agitated and unable to take basic care of themselves. It works for nearly 75% of people. ECT is one of the fastest ways to relieve symptoms in people who have mania or severe depression. It's not a "last resort" only when the illness does not respond to medicine or psychotherapy. Instead, doctors should consider it sooner rather than later when medicines aren't effective or when there it's urgent to ease severe symptoms, such as when depression causes severe suicidal thoughts or psychosis that needs care very quickly.
system: What does lithium do to help treat bipolar disorder mania?
output: And it may also help relieve or prevent bipolar depression in some people. Studies show that lithium can lower the risk of suicide among people with bipolar disorder. It also helps prevent future manic episodes. Doctors may prescribe it for long periods of time as maintenance therapy. What It Is: Lithium is a drug that acts on the brain and spinal cord. It helps people with bipolar disorder have more control over their emotions, sleep, energy, and extremes in behavior.
system: What can I expect if I take benzodiazepines for bipolar disorder mania?
output: Benzodiazepines prescribed for bipolar disorder include (among others): Alprazolam ( Xanax) Clonazepam ( Klonopin) Diazepam ( Valium) Lorazepam ( Ativan) What to Expect: You'll probably take these for a brief time, up to 2 weeks or so, with other mood-stabilizing drugs. These medicines act quickly and bring on a sense of calmness. They can sometimes cause lightheadedness, slurred speech, or unsteadiness.
system: Which medicines treat the mania associated with bipolar disorder?
output: Your doctor will also likely prescribe a mood stabilizer, also called an âantimanicâ medication. These help control mood swings and prevent them, and may help to make someone less likely to attempt suicide. You may need to take medicine for a long time, sometimes indefinitely. Your doctor may prescribe lithium and certain anti-seizure drugs like carbamazepine ( Tegretol), lamotrigine ( Lamictal), or valproate ( Depakote). You may need very close medical supervision and blood tests while you take these.
system: What side effects are there from using antipsychotic drugs for bipolar disorder mania?
output: Antipsychotics used to treat bipolar disorder include: Aripiprazole ( Abilify) Asenapine ( Saphris) Cariprazine ( Vraylar) Clozapine ( Clozaril) Lurasidone ( Latuda) (for bipolar depression) Quetiapine ( Seroquel) (for mania or bipolar depression) Olanzapine ( Zyprexa) Risperidone ( Risperdal) Ziprasidone ( Geodon) Risks and Side Effects: Certain antipsychotics cause rapid weight gain and high cholesterol levels. They may also raise the chance of high blood sugar levels or eventual diabetes. Your doctor should first check on your risk for heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Common side effects of antipsychotic drugs include: Blurry vision Dry mouth Drowsiness Muscle spasms or tremor Involuntary facial tics Weight gain Also, ziprasidone ( Geodon) has been linked to a rare but potentially fatal skin reaction called "drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms" ( DRESS syndrome).
system: What treatments will I get if I'm hospitalized for bipolar disorder?
output: If you have mania, you'll probably need to take medicine to bring it quickly under control. Electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT) may also be something your doctor considers. Your doctor may change your medicine dose, or add or subtract medicine. For instance, she may stop antidepressants, or add an antipsychotic or another drug to lessen your symptoms. You may also find that psychological therapy and a well-ordered daily routine help, along with your medicine.
system: Are antiseizure drugs usedto treat bipolar disorder mania?
output: Your doctor may prescribe lithium and certain anti-seizure drugs like carbamazepine ( Tegretol), lamotrigine ( Lamictal), or valproate ( Depakote). But sometimes, lithium alone is enough. Some other anticonvulsant drugs -- such as gapabentin ( Neurontin), oxcarbazenpine ( Trileptal), and topiramate ( Topamax) -- aren't proven treatments for mood symptoms in bipolar disorder. But doctors sometimes prescribe them either experimentally or for symptoms other than mood (such as anxiety or pain).
system: What are the side effects of lithium for bipolar disorder mania?
output: Risks and Side Effects: Most people who take lithium -- about 75% -- have some side effects, although they may be minor. They may become less troublesome after a few weeks as your body adjusts to the drug. Common side effects include: Weight gain Trouble remembering Poor concentration Mental slowness Hand tremor Drowsiness or tiredness Hair loss Acne Being very thirsty Peeing more than usual Your thyroid doesn't work as well Problems with how your kidney s work Tell your doctor if you have lasting symptoms from lithium or if you have diarrhea, vomiting, a fever, unsteady walking, tremors, fainting, confusion, slurred speech, or a rapid heart rate.
system: What is applied behavior analysis (ABA), and how can it help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
output: This is one of the most widely accepted therapies for children with autism spectrum disorder. ABA training is most effective if therapy begins when children are younger than age 5, although older children with ASD can also benefit. ABA helps teach social, motor, and verbal behaviors, as well as reasoning skills, and works to manage challenging behavior. It’s based on teaching these skills through observation and positive reinforcement.
system: How does sensory therapy work for children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
output: Therapists skilled in conducting sensory therapy for ASD work one-on-one with a child. The goal is to help regulate the child’s reaction to external stimuli. For example, if the child is hypersensitive to being touched, the therapist will work to desensitize the child over time.
system: How should parents contribute in Relationship Development Intervention (RDI) to help their child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
output: Parents’ involvement is key to its success. Parents are taught how to use all opportunities as “teachable moments.” These moments are chances to engage your child and build more appropriate social skills. Since RDI training is relatively new, there isn’t much clinical evidence to show its effectiveness. However, studies conducted by its developers have shown significant improvement in children treated with RDI. To provide your child with RDI training, you’ll need to devote time to workshops or watching videos to learn how to give your child an effective intervention program. This instruction for you can be both time-consuming and expensive. You’ll also have to commit to regular communication with a certified RDI program consultant, which includes regularly videotaping interactions with your child.
system: What can therapies do for children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
output: Because every child with autism spectrum disorder ( ASD) has unique symptoms, each child should receive treatment that meets their specific needs. There are a variety of therapy options that have been shown to be successful for improving learning, communication, and social skills of children with ASD.
system: What is Relationship Development Intervention (RDI), and how can it help children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
output: RDI training is a relatively new, trademarked therapy for autism spectrum disorder. The developers of the treatment think RDI training is most effective when children start getting therapy at a young age, but it can be beneficial for people of all ages. RDI training aims to teach children how to think flexibly and engage in social relationships with other people. Typically, RDI training begins by helping children develop relationships with their parents and other family members. It is very similar to other therapies for ASD in that it focuses on the disorder’s core deficit -- social skills and interaction.
system: What are some sensory therapies used for children who have autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
output: Various sensory therapies can be used to address a variety of problems that affect children with ASD. For example, spinning in a chair can reduce hyperactivity in some children. Other sensory therapies may include swinging, vibration therapy, and aerobic exercise. You and your child's therapist may need to experiment with a variety of therapeutic options to determine which ones help your child improve. Your developmental pediatrician or neurologist also can provide guidance.
system: What are the health effects of nightmares in adults?
output: Nightmares become much more than bad dreams when they have a significant effect on your health and well-being. Among people who experience nightmares, those who are anxious or depressed are more likely to be distressed about the experience and suffer even more psychological ill effects. Although the relationship is not understood, nightmares have been associated with suicide. Because nightmares may have a significant impact on your quality of life, it's important to consult a medical professional if you experience them regularly. Sleep deprivation, which can be caused by nightmares, can cause a host of medical conditions, including heart disease, depression, and obesity. If nightmares in adults are a symptom of untreated sleep apnea or post-traumatic stress disorder, the underlying disorders can also have significant negative effects on physical and mental health.
system: What are some signs someone needs reading glasses?
output: Here are a few signs that you do: When you hold books and other reading materials up close, they look blurry. You have to hold them farther away to read them. You have trouble seeing smaller print in dim light. Your eyes hurt when you try to read, sew, or do other close work. You get a headache when you try to read.
system: How do reading glasses treat astigmatism?
output: Keep in mind that these glasses might not fit you as well as prescription glasses. They also don't correct astigmatism (a common condition that causes blurred vision), and they can't be adjusted if you need a different strength in each eye. Also, your vision can change as you get older. You might need to buy a stronger pair of reading glasses in a year or two.
system: When should I make a doctor's appointment for reading glasses?
output: If your close vision is blurry, make an appointment with your eye doctor for an exam. He can recommend a reading glass strength or write a prescription based on your exam. And it's always a good idea to get checked for other eye issues.
system: How do I pick out reading glasses?
output: Test out a few to see which one works best. Hold a book or magazine 14 to 16 inches away from your face, and see if the glasses make the print easier to read. You might need two different strengths -- one pair for very close reading and one for middle distances like your computer screen. Choose the weakest (lowest number) glasses that will work for you.
system: What happens to your eyes in your 40s?
output: When you reach your 40s, the natural internal lenses in your eyes become less flexible. They can't focus as easily from near to far vision like they could when you were younger. If your close vision is blurry, make an appointment with your eye doctor for an exam.