laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: How can eye freckles vary by color?
output: They have different names depending on where they are: Conjunctival nevus: On the surface of your eye Iris nevus: In the colored part of your eye Choroidal nevus: Under your retina (in back of your eye) Nevi can be yellow, brown, gray, or a combination of colors. They're made by special cells called melanocytes, which give your skin and your eyes their color. Those cells are usually spread out, but if enough of them clump together, they form a nevus.
system: How can I protect my eyes from eye freckles?
output: Other reasons to see an eye doctor include: A freckle in your eye that's grown or changed its shape or color Eye pain You see flashing lights Other changes in your vision To protect your eyes, wear sunglasses that block at least 99% of UV rays when you're outside. While we don't know for sure, sunglasses might lower of the chances that a harmless nevus will turn into melanoma.
system: What are the different names for eye freckles?
output: But others are hidden in the back of your eye, where no one but your eye doctor will ever see them. They have different names depending on where they are: Conjunctival nevus: On the surface of your eye Iris nevus: In the colored part of your eye Choroidal nevus: Under your retina (in back of your eye) Nevi can be yellow, brown, gray, or a combination of colors.
system: When should I see a doctor about eye freckles?
output: Maybe you've had a little spot on your eye since you were a kid. But it's important to get it checked out by an eye doctor (optometrist or an ophthalmologist). During your appointment, your doctor may want to take a photo of the freckle and possibly do some imaging scans to look at it more closely. You may need to go back every 6 months or so to make sure the freckle hasn't changed (like growing bigger). If it still looks the same after a few years, you can probably switch to yearly checkups.
system: What are the different types of eye freckles?
output: One is technically known as a nevus. â Nevusâ means âmole.â Some of these nevi (the plural of nevus) are easy to spot. The other type of eye freckles are called iris freckles.
system: What does it mean if you have eye freckles?
output: Maybe you've had a little spot on your eye since you were a kid. If you have one, your eye doctor may want to watch it over time. It's rare, but they can turn into a type of cancer called melanoma. So whether they're old or new, it's always a good idea to get them checked out. Most don't -- they're harmless, just like most moles and freckles on your skin.
system: What are the different types of birth control pills?
output: Most birth control pills use the same type of estrogen in various doses, but each brand of pill may offer a slightly different type of the hormone progestin, at different doses. The result? Potentially different side effects. Whichever one you try, give it at least 3 months for any side effects to pass. When birth control pills were first sold in the early 1960s, they had very high levels of estrogen and progestin.
system: Will birth control pills make me gain weight?
output: It's often a temporary side effect that's due to fluid retention, not extra fat. A review of 44 studies showed no evidence that birth control pills caused weight gain in most women. And, as with other possible side effects of the pill, any weight gain is generally minimal and goes away within 2 to 3 months. If you happen to be one of those few women who put on pounds, talk to your doctor. She may suggest a different type of birth control pill. There are two types: Combination pills, which contain estrogen and progestin Progestin-only pills. So, 50 years ago they may indeed have caused weight gain in some women.
system: How are today's birth control pills different?
output: Most birth control pills use the same type of estrogen in various doses, but each brand of pill may offer a slightly different type of the hormone progestin, at different doses. Estrogen in high doses can cause weight gain due to increased appetite and fluid retention. So, 50 years ago they may indeed have caused weight gain in some women. Current birth control pills have much lower amounts of hormones. So weight gain is not likely to be a problem.
system: What should I look for when buying eye protection?
output: And try these tips: Buy eye guards at a sports store or optical store, and have someone familiar with your eyesight and the sport fit them for you. Make sure lenses are secure. If one pops inward, it could damage your eye. Look for cushioning along your eyebrows and the edge of your nose so they don't cut or scratch your face. Get a product with UV protection to shield your eyes from the sun's harmful rays.
system: Do I need eye protection when I play sports?
output: You take extra steps to prevent concussions, broken bones, bruises, and chipped teeth, so why not do the same to guard against vision loss, a scratched cornea, or a fractured eye socket? Broken bones and bruises will heal, but a serious eye injury can put you on the disabled list for the rest of your life.
system: What are other tips to treat conjunctivitis (pink eye)?
output: Don't touch or rub the affected eye(s). Wash your hands often with soap and warm water. Wash your bed linens, pillowcases, and towels in hot water and detergent to reduce allergens. Avoid wearing eye makeup. Don't share eye makeup with anyone else. Never wear another person's contact lens. Wear glasses instead of contact lenses to reduce irritation. Wash your hands before applying the eye drops or ointment to your eye or your child's eye. Do not use eye drops that were used in an infected eye in a non-infected eye.
system: How is allergic conjunctivitis (pink eye) treated?
output: Allergy-associated pink eye may disappear completely, either when the allergy is treated with antihistamines, or when the allergen is removed. So, the first line of treatment is allergen removal. This may include things like wearing a hat outside and washing your face frequently during allergy season. Your doctor also may recommend you use one or more of the following: Ocular (topical) decongestants: These medicines reduce redness by constricting small blood vessels in the eye. They are not recommended for long-term use. Using these drops for more than a few days can actually worsen symptoms. Ocular (topical) antihistamines: These medicines reduce redness, swelling, and itching by blocking the actions of histamine, the chemical that causes these symptoms of allergy. They are available both over-the-counter and by prescription. Ocular (topical) lubricants: People with allergic conjunctivitis often don't produce enough tears which make symptoms worse. Lubricant drops can be used hourly if needed. Ocular (topical) steroids: When other medicines fail, your doctor may prescribe steroid eye drops to relieve the symptoms of conjunctivitis. These must be used with the supervision of your doctor, because they can cause elevated pressure inside of the eye, which can lead to vision damage. Your doctor also must check for viral eye infections, such as herpes, before ocular steroids are used. These drops can also increase the risk of cataracts, clouding of the lens of the eye that can impair vision. Ocular (topical) mast cell stabilizers (such as Cromolyn): This medicine works by preventing specialized cells from releasing histamine. It works best when started before symptoms occur. Systemic (oral) versions of the above medications: These are used for severe cases. Immunotherapy : Allergy shots can be effective for treating pink eye caused by allergies. Oral tablets containing the same extracts as shots are also available.
system: What is conjunctivitis (pink eye)?
output: Often called "pink eye," it is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the tissue that lines the inside of the eyelid and the white of the eyeball, and helps keep the eyelid and eyeball moist. Symptoms of allergic pink eye include: Redness in the white of the eye or inner eyelid Increased amount of tears Itchy eyes Blurred vision Swelling of the eyelid In allergic conjunctivitis, these symptoms are usually present in both eyes (not always equally).
system: How are the symptoms of allergic pink eye relieved?
output: Place cold compresses on your eyes. Try nonprescription "artificial tears," a type of eye drop that may help relieve itching and burning (note: Other types of eye drops may irritate the eyes and should not be used). Do not use the same bottle of drops in the other eye if it is not affected. The best defense against allergic pink eye is a good offense: Try to avoid substances that trigger your allergies. An allergy specialist can test to determine what your specific triggers might be. Wear glasses instead of contact lenses to reduce irritation.
system: What do I need to know about the rights for people with mental illness?
output: People with mental illness are entitled to fair treatment, and they should: Be treated with respect and dignity Have their privacy protected Receive services appropriate for their age and culture Understand treatment options and alternatives Get care that doesn't discriminate on the basis of age, race, or type of illness Laws that may cover their rights include: Americans with Disabilities Act.
system: What are tumors?
output: Tumors: Tumors are clumps of cells that grow abnormally from normal tissue. Some tumors in the brain are noncancerous, or benign. Others are cancerous. They may start in the brain, or they may spread from elsewhere in the body (metastatic). They may grow quickly or they may remain stable.
system: How can I find out more about brain lesions?
output: Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for lesions that are cancerous Medication to fight infections, such as antibiotics or other antimicrobial drugs Medication to calm the immune system or otherwise change the immune system's response Medication or other therapies to relieve symptoms associated with the brain lesion Brain lesions take many forms, so diagnosing and treating them can be complex. That's why it's important to discuss individual questions about brain lesions with your doctor. Together, you can determine the best way to proceed in identifying, treating, and living with brain lesions.
system: What are brain abscesses?
output: Abscesses: Brain abscesses are areas of infection, including pus and inflamed tissue. They are not common, but they are life threatening. Brain abscesses often occur after an infection, usually in a nearby area, such as an ear, sinus, or dental infection. They can also appear after injury or surgery to the skull.
system: What are arteriovenous malformations (AVMs)?
output: Arteriovenous malformations ( AVMs): An AVM is a type of brain lesion that occurs during early development. Arteries and veins in the brain grow in a tangle and become connected by tube-like structures called fistulae. The arteries are not as strong as normal arteries. The veins are often enlarge because of the constant flow of blood directly from the arteries through the fistulae to the veins. These fragile vessels may rupture, leaking blood into the brain. In addition, the brain tissue may not receive enough blood to function properly. Damage to the brain may cause seizures as the first symptoms of an AVM.
system: What is a cerebral infarction?
output: Cerebral infarction: Infarction refers to death of tissue. A cerebral infarction, or stroke, is a brain lesion in which a cluster of brain cells die when they don't get enough blood.
system: What is cerebral palsy?
output: Cerebral palsy : This type of brain lesion occurs when a baby is still in the mother's womb. Cerebral palsy does not progress over time. The brain lesions affect the child's ability to move, which can also make communication and related skills difficult. However, many children with cerebral palsy have normal intellectual functioning.
system: What are brain lesions?
output: So a brain lesion is an area of injury or disease within the brain. While the definition sounds simple, understanding brain lesions can be complicated.
system: How are brain lesions treated?
output: Symptoms of a brain lesion vary depending on the type, location, and size of the lesion. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for lesions that are cancerous Medication to fight infections, such as antibiotics or other antimicrobial drugs Medication to calm the immune system or otherwise change the immune system's response Medication or other therapies to relieve symptoms associated with the brain lesion Brain lesions take many forms, so diagnosing and treating them can be complex.
system: What causes brain lesions?
output: Typically, their cause is unknown. Chemotherapy and radiation therapy for lesions that are cancerous Medication to fight infections, such as antibiotics or other antimicrobial drugs Medication to calm the immune system or otherwise change the immune system's response Medication or other therapies to relieve symptoms associated with the brain lesion Brain lesions take many forms, so diagnosing and treating them can be complex.
system: What are medical treatments for chemical burns?
output: IV fluids may be needed to normalize blood pressure and heart rate. The IV access may also be used for any medications needed to treat pain or protect against infection. Decontamination will begin (likely water irrigation). You will be given any antidote to counteract the chemical, if appropriate. Antibiotics often are not needed for minor chemical burns. Wounds will be cleaned and bandaged with medicated creams and sterile wraps as needed. Consultation with other medical specialists may be done. Pain from a burn can often be severe. Adequate pain control will be addressed by your doctor. If there is any indication of breathing problems, a breathing tube may be placed in your airway to help. If needed, a tetanus booster will be given.
system: Where do most chemical burns occur?
output: Most chemical burns occur on the face, eyes, arms, and legs. Usually a chemical burn will be relatively small and will require only outpatient treatment. Chemical burns can be deceiving, however. Some agents can cause deep tissue damage not readily apparent when you first look at it.
system: What is the first aid treatment for chemical burns?
output: First Aid: Remove yourself or the victim from the accident area. Remove any contaminated clothing. Wash the injured area to dilute or remove the substance, using large volumes of water. Wash for at least 20 minutes, taking care not to allow runoff to contact unaffected parts of your body. Gently brush away any solid materials, again avoiding unaffected body surfaces. Especially wash away any chemical in your or the victim's eye. Sometimes the best way to get large amounts of water to your eye is to step into the shower.
system: When should you seek medical care for chemical burns?
output: Any chemical burn can be a legitimate reason to summon emergency medical help. Always err on the side of safety and call 911 if you don't know how severe the injury is or whether or not the person is medically stable. Also call 911 if you have any concerns about a chemical injury. Emergency personnel are trained to assess the extent of a chemical burn, begin treatment, and transport victims to the most appropriate hospital.
system: What are the signs of chemical burns?
output: Tissue damage from chemical burns depends on several factors, including: The strength or concentration of the agent The site of contact (eye, skin, mucous membrane) Whether it's swallowed or inhaled Whether or not skin is intact How much of the agent you came into contact with Duration of exposure How the chemical works Signs and symptoms of chemical burns include the following: Redness, irritation, or burning at the site of contact Pain or numbness at the site of contact Formation of blisters or black dead skin at the contact site Vision changes if the chemical gets into your eyes Cough or shortness of breath In severe cases, you may develop any of the following: Low blood pressure Faintness, weakness, dizziness Shortness of breath Severe cough Headache Muscle twitching or seizures Irregular heartbeat Cardiac arrest Chemical burns can be very unpredictable.
system: What is the outlook for people who had chemical burns?
output: Chemical burns can be deceiving, however. Antibiotics often are not needed for minor chemical burns. Burns in the eye can lead to blindness. Chemical burn of the eye.
system: What causes chemical burns?
output: A variety of household products fits this description: Bleach Concrete mix Drain or toilet bowl cleaners Metal cleaners Pool chlorinators All chemical burns should be considered medical emergencies. When you contact 911, tell the dispatcher as much of the following information as possible: How many people are injured and the location where they are How the injury happened Whether emergency personnel can reach the victims or whether the victims are trapped Name, strength, and volume or quantity of the chemical causing the burn ( Give a container of the chemical to emergency personnel, if possible.) Some burns, however, cause significant scarring or other medical complications.
system: What are chemical burns?
output: Chemical burns can occur in the home, at work, or at school. Although injuries do occur at home, the risk of sustaining a chemical burn is much greater in the workplace, especially in businesses and manufacturing plants that use large quantities of chemicals. First Aid: Remove yourself or the victim from the accident area. Chemical burn of the skin.
system: Should I take medicine to lower a fever during the flu?
output: A fever can be a good thing. It kick-starts your immune system and helps your body fight off an infection by torching bacteria and viruses. Doctors no longer suggest you try to lower it, except for people who are very young or old, and those with certain medical conditions such as heart disease or lung disease. If you're uncomfortable, though, it's fine to take a fever-reducer medication.
system: What medicines are best for fever or aches?
output: Each type has its own set of risks, so talk to your doctor or pharmacist about which is best for you. Be careful not to overdose. These drugs are often mixed in with cough and cold and flu remedies. Read the labels, and don't take a separate pain remedy if your cough or cold medicine includes one. If you're not sure what's in it, talk to your pharmacist before you take it.
system: What is the best thing to do for a sore throat?
output: Drink lots of fluids, and use a salt-water gargle for relief. To make it, mix a cup of warm water and a teaspoon of salt. Some medications you take by mouth like acetaminophen, medicated lozenges, and gargles can also temporarily soothe a sore throat. Get your doctor's OK before you take anything, even over-the-counter drugs. Don't use lozenges or gargles for more than a few days. The drugs could mask signs of strep throat, a bacterial infection that should be treated with antibiotics.
system: Does cough medicine work?
output: But one that goes on and on needs treatment. On the shelf you'll find tons of cough medicines with a zillion combinations of decongestants, antihistamines, analgesics/antipyretics, cough suppressants, and expectorants. Ask your pharmacist which, if any, would be right for you.
system: Is there any way to cure a cold or the flu?
output: They aren't a cure, but they can make you feel better or shorten your illness. There's no one right way to treat a cold or the flu. These drugs are often mixed in with cough and cold and flu remedies.
system: What are the treatments for supraventricular tachycardia?
output: Avoid: Cigarettes and other forms of tobacco Diet pills Energy pills Herbal supplements Illegal drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine (crystal meth) Over-the-counter cold and cough medicines Your doctors may have you on medicines called âbeta-blockersâ or âcalcium channel blockers.â They can help keep your heart pumping at the right pace. They work best when you take them just as prescribed -- usually every day. If you have any questions about the side effects, ask your doctor or pharmacist. Don't skip a dose or stop taking the drug without first checking with your doctor. Also ask whether the drug might interact with any other medicines you take. Your doctor should set up regular follow-ups. Keep these appointments so that your plan stays on track.
system: What are the things you need to avoid when you have supraventricular tachycardia?
output: Avoid: Cigarettes and other forms of tobacco Diet pills Energy pills Herbal supplements Illegal drugs such as cocaine and methamphetamine (crystal meth) Over-the-counter cold and cough medicines Your doctors may have you on medicines called âbeta-blockersâ or âcalcium channel blockers.â They can help keep your heart pumping at the right pace.
system: How can eating the right foods help with treating supraventricular tachycardia?
output: Eat Foods That Are Good for You A well-balanced diet with whole grains, fruits, vegetables, and lean protein is always smart. With SVT, you might need to be even more careful about what you eat, especially if you're overweight or have other heart conditions. Ask your doctor how many calories you should get each day to stay at your current weight or drop some pounds. You put an extra strain on your heart if you're too heavy. Certain foods might trigger SVT while others are full of minerals that help keep your heart in rhythm. Put potassium and magnesium on your list.
system: How does exercise help with supraventricular tachycardia?
output: They include: Alcohol Caffeine in coffee, chocolate, and some sodas and teas Spicy foods Very cold drinks A fast run or other hard exercise might trigger a bout of SVT in some people. Don't stop exercising, though. It's an important way to keep your heart strong. Just be more careful about fitness. Check with your doctor to see how much exercise and which types are safest for you. You may need a stress test to find out how much activity you can handle. Start any new exercise program slowly. Add more time and effort only when your heart is up to it. Learn how to check your pulse while you work out and ask your doctor what to do if your heartbeat kicks into high gear.
system: What are the foods you need to avoid when you have supraventricular tachycardia?
output: Find potassium in foods such as: Apricots Bananas Cantaloupes and honeydew melons Lima beans Oranges Peas Skim and low-fat milk Spinach Sweet potatoes Tomatoes Yogurt All of these foods are high in magnesium: Almonds Avocadoes Black beans Brown rice Peanuts and cashews Spinach Also, try to cut back on foods and drinks that might trigger a faster heartbeat. They include: Alcohol Caffeine in coffee, chocolate, and some sodas and teas Spicy foods Very cold drinks A fast run or other hard exercise might trigger a bout of SVT in some people.
system: What are additional steps to prevent and/or treat osteoporosis related to hormone replacement therapy?
output: Additional steps you can take to prevent and/or treat osteoporosis include: Performing weight-bearing exercises Taking calcium and vitamin D supplements Not smoking Avoiding excessive drinking
system: What are alternatives to hormone replacement therapy for protecting your bones from osteoporosis?
output: HRT is no longer recommended for treatment of osteoporosis due to its risks and available alternative options. Bisphosphonate medications are generally recommended to treat osteoporosis instead. Other medications that may be considered are teriparatide, denosumab, or selective estrogen receptor modulators ( SERMs). SERMs are a newer class of drugs, similar to estrogen, that protect against osteoporosis by increasing bone density, while also protecting against the development of breast cancer. Evista is a widely used SERM that has been shown to increase bone growth and density and reduce the risk of breast cancer.