laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What can you do to manage polycythemia vera?
output: Most people with polycythemia vera take low-dose aspirin. There are a lot of ways you can keep yourself comfortable and as healthy as possible: Don't smoke or chew tobacco. Tobacco makes blood vessels narrow, which can make blood clots more likely. Get some light exercise, such as walking, to help your circulation and keep your heart healthy. Do leg and ankle exercises to stop clots from forming in the veins of your legs. Your doctor or a physical therapist can show you how. Bathe or shower in cool water if warm water makes you itch. Keep your skin moist with lotion, and try not to scratch.
system: How will the doctor diagnose polycythemia vera?
output: They'll also see if your face is unusually red. Your doctor may ask you questions like: Do you get a lot of headaches? Have you lost weight lately? Do you sometimes feel dizzy or weak? Have you had shortness of breath? Do you sweat a lot at night? Your doctor or a physical therapist can show you how.
system: What is a lesionectomy?
output: A lesionectomy is an operation to remove a lesion -- a damaged or abnormally functioning area -- in the brain. Brain lesions include tumors, scars from a head injury or infection, abnormal blood vessels, and hematomas (a swollen area filled with blood).
system: What are the side effects of a lesionectomy?
output: Side effects of a lesionectomy vary depending on the location and extent of the lesion and the tissue removed. The following side effects may occur after surgery, although they generally go away on their own: Scalp numbness Nausea Feeling tired or depressed Headaches Difficulty speaking, remembering, or finding words Weakness, paralysis Change in personality, memory loss The risks associated with lesionectomy include: Risks associated with surgery, including infection, bleeding, and an allergic reaction to anesthesia Failure to relieve seizures Swelling in the brain Damage to healthy brain tissue
system: How can lesionectomy help with treating epilepsy?
output: A lesion seems to cause seizures in about 20% to 30% of people with epilepsy who do not improve after taking medication; it is not known for certain if the lesion itself triggers the seizures, or if the seizures result from irritation to the brain tissue surrounding the lesion. For this reason, surgery may also include the removal of a small rim of brain tissue around the lesion, called lesionectomy plus corticectomy.
system: How effective is a lesionectomy?
output: Lesionectomy results are excellent in patients whose seizures are clearly associated with a defined lesion.
system: What happens after a lesionectomy?
output: After a lesionectomy, the patient generally stays in an intensive care unit for 24 to 48 hours after surgery and then stays in a regular hospital room for three to four days. Most people who have a lesionectomy will be able to return to their normal activities, including work or school, in six to eight weeks after surgery. Most patients will need to continue taking antiseizure medications. Once seizure control is established, medications may be reduced or eliminated.
system: Who is a candidate for lesionectomy?
output: In addition, it must be possible to remove the lesion and surrounding brain tissue without causing damage to areas of the brain responsible for vital functions, such as movement, sensation, language, and memory. There also must be a reasonable chance that the person will benefit from surgery. Lesionectomy results are excellent in patients whose seizures are clearly associated with a defined lesion.
system: Can herbal remedies treat pain?
output: If you decide to use herbal preparations to better manage your pain, it is of critical importance to share this information with your doctor. Some herbs may interact with drugs you are receiving for pain or other conditions and may harm your health.
system: Can chiropractic treatment and massage treat pain?
output: Acupuncture also may be an acceptable alternative to or may be included as part of a comprehensive pain management program. Chiropractic treatment is the most common non-surgical treatment for back pain. Massage is being increasingly used by people suffering from pain, mostly to manage chronic back and neck problems. Massage can reduce stress and relieve tension by enhancing blood flow. This treatment also can reduce the presence of substances that may generate and sustain pain.
system: Can acupuncture treat pain?
output: Although the World Health Organization currently recognizes more than 30 diseases or conditions that can be helped by acupuncture treatment, one of the main uses of acupuncture is for pain relief. Acupuncture is also thought to decrease pain by increasing the release of chemicals that block pain, called endorphins. Acupuncture may be useful as an accompanying treatment for many pain-related conditions, including: headache, low back pain, menstrual cramps, carpal tunnel syndrome, tennis elbow, fibromyalgia, osteoarthritis and myofascial pain.
system: What are danger signs of asthma in children?
output: Increasing shortness of breath with decreased wheezing is especially dangerous because it means less air is moving in and out of the lungs. If any of these are present go to the emergency department or call 911.
system: How do I know if my child's asthma is well controlled?
output: You know your child's asthma is well controlled if, with medication, your child: Lives an active, normal life Has few troublesome symptoms Attends school every day Performs daily activities without difficulty Has few urgent visits to the doctor, emergency room, or hospital for asthma Has few asthma drug side effects By learning about asthma and how it can be controlled, you take an important step toward managing your child's disease.
system: What should you do if your child is showing symptoms of an asthma attack?
output: If your child is showing symptoms of an asthma attack: Give your child his/her reliever (bronchodilator) medicine according to the asthma action plan. Wait five to fifteen minutes. If the symptoms disappear, your child should be able to resume whatever activity he/she was doing. If symptoms persist, follow your child's asthma action plan for further therapy. If your child fails to improve or you are not sure what action to take, call your child's doctor.
system: What is sciatica?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Sciatica is a common type of pain affecting the sciatic nerve, a large nerve extending from the lower back down the back of each leg.
system: What causes sciatica?
output: Sciatica is caused by irritation of the root(s) of the lower lumbar and lumbosacral spine. Additional common causes of sciatica include: Lumbar spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal in the lower back) Degenerative disc disease (breakdown of discs, which act as cushions between the vertebrae) Spondylolisthesis (a condition in which one vertebra slips forward over another one) Pregnancy Muscle spasm in the back or buttocks Other things that may make your back pain worse include being overweight, not exercising regularly, wearing high heels, or sleeping on a mattress that is too hard or too soft.
system: What worsens sciatica pain?
output: Additional common causes of sciatica include: Lumbar spinal stenosis (narrowing of the spinal canal in the lower back) Degenerative disc disease (breakdown of discs, which act as cushions between the vertebrae) Spondylolisthesis (a condition in which one vertebra slips forward over another one) Pregnancy Muscle spasm in the back or buttocks Other things that may make your back pain worse include being overweight, not exercising regularly, wearing high heels, or sleeping on a mattress that is too hard or too soft.
system: What can cause dandruff?
output: Several things can cause dandruff: Seborrheic dermatitis: This is oily, itchy, irritated skin that flakes off on your scalp. It also can happen with your eyebrows, groin, or chest hair. Contact dermatitis: Hair care products like shampoo, gel, or dye can irritate your scalp and cause redness, itchiness, and flakes. Fungus called malassezia is a yeast that thrives on the oil on your scalp. If you don't shampoo your hair often enough, oily skin can flake off. Dry skin can lead to small flakes on your scalp. You'll probably have dry skin all over your body. Male hormones: Men are more likely to get dandruff than women. People whose immune systems can't fight off diseases, for instance people who have HIV, may be more likely to get dandruff.
system: How is scalp psoriasis diagnosed?
output: Your doctor may figure out the reason your scalp flakes or itches just from your symptoms. To be sure, she may look at a small piece of skin from your scalp under a microscope or send it to a lab.
system: How is scalp psoriasis treated?
output: Coal tar and salicylic acid shampoos or scalp treatments may also help with mild scalp psoriasis. Topical creams, ointments, and foams like the following can slow psoriasis skin buildup and ease red, scaly patches on your scalp. They may have vitamins or steroids to calm the inflammation: Anthralin ( Zithranol- RR) Calcipotriene ( Dovonex) Calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate ( Taclonex) Calcitriol ( Vectical) Tazarotene ( Tazorac) Your doctor can also put steroids (strong anti-inflammatory drugs) into the patches on your scalp if your psoriasis is milder or just in a few spots. If you have severe psoriasis, you may need stronger drugs. These include methotrexate, which affects how certain cells grow; cyclosporine, which slows down your immune system; biologics, which target specific areas of your immune system; or oral retinoids, which are high doses of vitamin A. You can also try ultraviolet or UV light treatments to control your psoriasis patches. You can part your hair in rows so UV light from a special lamp can reach your scalp or use a handheld UV comb that beams the light directly to your scalp.
system: Is dandruff a serious condition?
output: You can't catch it from anyone else or pass it on. It can be uncomfortable or embarrassing, though. More serious outbreaks can be red and painful.
system: How is scalp psoriasis different from dandruff?
output: Once you have the right diagnosis, you can treat the cause and get some relief. Psoriasis can affect your scalp, and the red, scaly patches it causes can flake off like dandruff does.
system: How should I tell my kids about my bipolar disorder?
output: If you have kids, find a way to tell them what's happening. They probably sense that something is wrong anyway. If you keep them in the dark, it might just make it scarier. Explain bipolar disorder in a way that they can understand. Say that it's a disease that affects your mood, but that you're getting treatment for it.
system: Should I be around people when I have bipolar disorder?
output: Bipolar disorder can make relationships hard. When you're depressed, you may want to retreat from the world. If you've just come out of a manic phase, you may not want to face people you treated badly. Either way, it's easy to let some friendships slip away. Don't let it happen. Force yourself to get together with other people, even if it may be hard at first. The worst thing you can do is to push people away.
system: How can I help my bipolar disorder through my relationships?
output: Obviously, you don't need to tell everyone you know about your condition. But you also shouldn't rely on only one person. It's much better to have a number of people you can turn to in a crisis or when you need help (such as a ride or child care while you go to a doctor's appointment). Decide how often friends and family should check in and what to do if things are getting out of control. If you become manic, you might agree that your loved ones should take away your car keys or credit cards so you don't do anything reckless. If you start thinking about harming yourself, they certainly need to know how to get emergency help. During a manic or depressive phase, you may have upset people you care about.
system: What should I do if family or friends have been hurt by my bipolar disorder?
output: During a manic or depressive phase, you may have upset people you care about. So try to hear them out and see things from their point of view. If you've hurt people, apologize. Let them know that you didn't mean to act the way you did, and reassure them that you're getting treatment. If you've just come out of a manic phase, you may not want to face people you treated badly. The worst thing you can do is to push people away.
system: How is bipolar disorder different in children?
output: Young children in a manic phase might be more irritable than adults; they may be more likely to have psychotic symptoms, hearing and seeing things that aren't real. During a depressive episode, they might be more likely to complain of physical symptoms, like aches and pains. One of the most notable differences is that bipolar disorder in children cycles much more quickly. While manic and depressive periods may be separated by weeks, months, or years in adults, they can happen within a single day in children.
system: What can you do to prevent genital warts?
output: To prevent genital warts, some of the steps you can take include: Abstaining from sexual contact Using condoms during sexual activity Having sex only with a partner who is not having sex with other people Avoiding sex with anyone who has visible symptoms of genital warts
system: How are warts prevented?
output: If you already have warts, you can prevent them from spreading by not picking at them. Consider covering warts with bandages. In addition, keep hands as dry as possible -- warts are harder to control in moist environments. You should never brush, comb, or shave areas where warts are present as this can cause the virus to spread. Wash hands thoroughly after touching any warts.
system: What should you know about skin conditions and warts?
output: There are more than 60 kinds of HPV, some of which tend to cause warts on the skin. HPV stimulates quick growth of cells on the skin's outer layer. In most cases, common warts appear on the fingers, near the fingernails, or on the hands. Certain types of HPV can also cause warts to appear in the genital area. Warts are caused through direct contact with HPV, which is contagious.
system: How does depression look different in men and women?
output: It is common for men to have them also, but the signs of depression in men may be different. Instead of appearing sad, men often can become irritable or aggressive, drink too much, or act recklessly. Men often don't recognize or admit they're depressed, and they are less likely than women to seek help for depression. Also, because the signs of depression in men can look different than they do in women, doctors may not diagnosis it as often. For these reasons, depression in men may often go unidentified and untreated.
system: What are some old ideas about depression in men that need to end?
output: It's hard to shake the old ideas about depression in men: " Real men don't cry," and "men sure as hell have to always be in control of their feelings." But it's time to add this new idea to the list: Depression is a medical illness that's biologically different from everyday sadness, and it can afflict both men and women. You wouldn't ignore pneumonia or heart disease or diabetes. If you think you might have a clinical depression, be a real man and take care of yourself. Ask for help, and get treated.
system: What is depression, and who gets it?
output: Depression is a serious but treatable medical condition -- a brain disease -- that can strike anyone. In America, more than 6 million men have depression each year. If left untreated, it can result in personal, family, and financial problems. The most serious consequence of depression in men is suicide. Men are four times more likely than women to commit suicide.
system: What are several recognized forms of depression?
output: There are several recognized forms of depression: Major depression . Symptoms are serious and last for weeks or months. Psychotic depression. Suicide risk is especially high in this form of depression. Persistent depressive disorder. With bipolar disorder, episodes of depression alternate with mania, an excessively "high" mood with excessive energy and sleeplessness and the potential for serious problems.
system: Are there any adults who should not receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine?
output: Certain people should not get the HPV vaccine or should wait before getting it: Anyone who has had a life-threatening allergic reaction to a previous dose of the HPV vaccine Anyone who has had a previous life-threatening allergic reaction to an ingredient in the HPV vaccine Pregnant women Anyone with a moderate or severe illness; people who feel mildly ill may still receive the HPV vaccine. The HPV vaccine is not known to be harmful to pregnant women or their babies. However, until more information is known, pregnant women are advised not to receive the HPV vaccine. Women who are breastfeeding can safely receive the HPV vaccine.
system: What is human papillomavirus (HPV)?
output: The HPV vaccine effectively prevents infection with the HPV types responsible for most cervical cancers and can also prevent genital warts. HPV vaccination is most effective during childhood or adolescence, but adults can also benefit from the HPV vaccine. HPV infection is extremely common; most sexually active people will be infected with HPV at some point in life. HPV infection usually causes no symptoms, but can cause genital warts and anal cancer in both women and men.
system: What are the severe side effects of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine?
output: Other mild-to-moderate side effects resulting from the HPV vaccine include: Nausea Fainting Headache Arm pain Severe side effects, or adverse events, are uncommonly reported and have included: Blood clots Seizures Guillain- Barre syndrome Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome) Death Government, academic, and other public health investigators could not identify the HPV vaccine as the cause of any severe adverse event. There were 117 deaths as of September 2015, none of which could be directly tied to the HPV vaccine. The conclusion of public health investigators was that the HPV vaccine was unlikely to be the cause of these events. Such events occur at a certain rate in any group of tens of millions of people. The vaccination before each adverse event seemed to be a simple coincidence.
system: When should adults get the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine?
output: It is an option for all men through age 21, but is recommended for men who have sex with men, transgendered people, or those who have a compromised immune system (including HIV) who are ages 26 and younger. CDC guidelines recommend the two doses of the HPV vaccine. Some adults may have received doses of the HPV vaccine in childhood or adolescence. Re-vaccination in adulthood is recommended if the vaccination schedule was not completed.
system: What are the mild-to-moderate side effects of the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine?
output: These symptoms go away quickly without treatment. Other mild-to-moderate side effects resulting from the HPV vaccine include: Nausea Fainting Headache Arm pain Severe side effects, or adverse events, are uncommonly reported and have included: Blood clots Seizures Guillain- Barre syndrome Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome) Death Government, academic, and other public health investigators could not identify the HPV vaccine as the cause of any severe adverse event.
system: What are the side effects of taking the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine?
output: In clinical trials and in real-world use, the HPV vaccine appears to be very safe. More than 40 million doses of the vaccine -- mostly Gardasil, which was approved in 2006 -- have been given in the U. S. Gardasil 9 was approved in 2014 and is now the only HPV vaccine available in the U. S. From 2006 to 2014, there were about 25,000 reports to the government of HPV vaccine side effects. Over 90% of these were classified as nonserious. The most common side effects of the HPV vaccine are minor: About one in 10 people will have a mild fever after the injection. About one person in 30 will get itching at the injection site. About one in 60 people will experience a moderate fever.
system: How common is human papillomavirus (HPV)?
output: HPV infection is extremely common; most sexually active people will be infected with HPV at some point in life. HPV infection usually causes no symptoms, but can cause genital warts and anal cancer in both women and men. HPV can also cause throat cancer. In women, HPV infection can cause cells in the cervix to grow abnormally. In a small fraction of women, these HPV-induced changes will develop into cervical cancer. About 12,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer each year and about 4,000 women die from the condition.
system: What are the ingredients of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine?
output: Human papillomavirus ( HPV) is the virus that causes cervical cancer in women and genital warts in men and women. Genetically modified bacteria produce the proteins, which are then purified and mixed into a sterile, water-based solution.
system: Why should adults get the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine?
output: HPV infection usually causes no symptoms, but can cause genital warts and anal cancer in both women and men. The HPV vaccine prevents infection by the HPV types responsible for most cervical cancers. Today, Gardasil 9 is the only available HPV vaccine in the U. S. Gardasil 9 prevents infection by the same HPV types as Gardasil, plus HPV-31, HPV-33, HPV-45, HPV-52, and HPV-58. Collectively, these types are implicated in 90% of cervical cancers. In October 2018, the FDA approved Gardasil9 for women and men ages 27 to 45. Men cannot develop cervical cancer, but the HPV vaccine may prevent genital warts, penile cancer, anal cancer, and the spread of HPV to sexual partners. Gardasil 9 is approved for males ages 9 through 26.
system: What is the American College of Rheumatology?
output: American College of Rheumatology The ACR is a prominent organization of doctors, scientists, and health care experts. On the ACR site, you can find information on the latest educational programs, topical research, and recommended medications. There is also a section for people who aren't doctors that explains rheumatic diseases and conditions, and support for caregivers.
system: What is the Arthritis Foundation?
output: Arthritis Foundation This is a national not-for-profit group that provides a wealth of information and support for all types of arthritis, including RA. On the web site, you can learn more about rheumatoid arthritis, review the latest studies, and even find support with others who have the condition.
system: What is National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases
output: National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases NIAMS, part of the National Institutes of Health, is a large group of professionals that support ongoing research in arthritis and musculoskeletal and skin diseases. The NIAMS web site includes information on arthritis, back pain, gout, knee problems, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and more.
system: What are the symptoms of canker sores?
output: You may have a canker sore if you have: A painful sore or sores inside your mouth -- on the tongue, on the soft palate (the back portion of the roof of your mouth), or inside your cheeks A tingling or burning sensation before the sores appear Sores in your mouth that are round, white or gray, with a red edge or border In severe canker sore attacks, you may also experience: Fever Physical sluggishness Swollen lymph nodes Pain from a canker sore generally lessens in a few days, and the sores usually heal without treatment in about a week or two.