laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: When is surgery needed for a broken nose?
output: Your doctor probably will choose this option if your nasal fracture is severe or has gone untreated for more than 2 weeks. The goal is to put your bones back in their proper place and reshape your nose, if necessary. You'll get pain medication for the procedure. You might also have to have nasal surgery to fix any breathing problems. In many cases, you can go home the day of surgery. But you may have to stay home for about a week due to swelling and bruising.
system: How can you stop the bleeding from broken nose?
output: Do these things until you can get to a doctor: Stop the Bleeding Sit up -- don't lie down or lean back. Your nose needs to stay higher than your heart. Lean forward so that the blood won't run into the back of your throat. Pinch the soft part of your nose with your thumb and index finger, and hold it tightly for 5 minutes. If the bleeding hasn't stopped, pinch your nose again for 10 more minutes.
system: What is the treatment for a broken nose?
output: Get emergency help if you have any of these things in addition to nose pain: A severe headache, neck pain, vomiting, or passing out Hard time breathing Bleeding that won't stop Clear, watery fluid draining from your nose If your doctor confirms that your nose is broken, they'll likely wait for the swelling to go down before deciding whether or not it needs to be fixed. If it does, they'll choose to fix it either with surgery or without. They'll know what's best, based on your injuries.
system: How can you ease the pain from a broken nose?
output: Ease the Pain Take over-the-counter pain medicine as directed on the package (like acetaminophen or ibuprofen) as needed. Sleep with your head propped on extra pillows.
system: What are the signs that I should be tested for diabetes?
output: If you experience symptoms of severe increased thirst, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, increased hunger, tingling of your hands or feet -- your doctor may run a test for diabetes.
system: What are the signs of type 2 diabetes in children?
output: Many children have no symptoms before they are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Most of the time, diabetes is discovered when a blood or urine test taken for other health problems shows diabetes.
system: When should you talk to your doctor about your child's risk for diabetes?
output: Talk to your doctor about your child's risk for diabetes. If your child's blood sugar tests are higher than normal, but not yet at the level of diabetes (called prediabetes), your doctor may instruct you in specific diet and exercise changes to help your child avoid getting diabetes altogether. Children with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes are almost always overweight or obese.
system: How can the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes be confirmed?
output: To confirm the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, your doctor will order a fasting plasma glucose test or a casual plasma glucose.
system: What levels on a casual plasma glucose test indicate diabetes ?
output: The Hb A1c level can also be used to diagnose diabetes if a value of equal to or greater than 6.5% is found.
system: What do the results of the blood glucose test mean for your diabetes?
output: Normal fasting blood glucose -- or blood sugar -- is between 70 and 100 milligrams per deciliter or mg/d L for people who do not have diabetes. The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes. Some people have a normal fasting blood sugar reading, but their blood sugar rapidly rises as they eat. These people may have impaired glucose tolerance. If their blood sugar levels are high enough, they may be diagnosed with diabetes.
system: What do the results of the blood glucose test mean?
output: Normal fasting blood glucose -- or blood sugar -- is between 70 and 100 milligrams per deciliter or mg/d L for people who do not have diabetes. The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes.
system: What is the fasting plasma glucose test?
output: The fasting plasma glucose test ( FPG) is the preferred method for diagnosing diabetes, because it is easy to do, convenient, and less expensive than other tests, according to the American Diabetes Association.
system: If my fasting blood glucose is normal, can I still be tested for diabetes?
output: The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes.
system: How do you prepare for the blood glucose test for diabetes?
output: Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.
system: How is diabetes diagnosed in children?
output: Many children have no symptoms before they are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Most of the time, diabetes is discovered when a blood or urine test taken for other health problems shows diabetes.
system: What is the casual plasma glucose test for diabetes?
output: To confirm the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, your doctor will order a fasting plasma glucose test or a casual plasma glucose. The fasting plasma glucose test ( FPG) is the preferred method for diagnosing diabetes, because it is easy to do, convenient, and less expensive than other tests, according to the American Diabetes Association. Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.
system: How many people have diabetes in the U.S.?
output: According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, some 29 million children and adults in the U. S., or over 9% of the population, have diabetes today. Yet, millions of Americans are unaware that they have diabetes, because there may be no warning signs.
system: How do I prepare for the blood glucose test?
output: Before taking the blood glucose test, you will not be allowed to eat anything for at least eight hours.
system: What is the oral glucose tolerance test for diabetes?
output: The standard diagnosis of diabetes is made when two separate blood tests show that your fasting blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 126 mg/d L. However, if you have normal fasting blood sugar, but you have risk factors for diabetes or symptoms of diabetes, your doctor may decide to do a glucose tolerance test (see below) to be sure that you do not have diabetes. The oral glucose tolerance test is yet another method used to detect diabetes, but it is usually only done during pregnancy to diagnose gestational diabetes or for someone who is suspected of having type 2 diabetes yet has a normal fasting glucose level. It can also be performed to diagnose prediabetes.
system: What questions should I ask my doctor about ADHD?
output: Questions include: Could it be something else that has similar symptoms? What could have caused it? Is medication necessary? Are there other treatments? How do the drugs work? What are the side effects? Do people outgrow ADHD? How will we know if we no longer need ADHD medication? How often do I (or my child) need to see a doctor?
system: Can probiotics help with digestive problems linked to fibromyalgia?
output: Probiotics are dietary supplements that contain potentially beneficial bacteria or yeasts. They may assist with the breakdown and proper absorption of food and help improve digestion. Some of the ways probiotics are used include: treating diarrhea preventing and treating infections of the female genital tract treating irritable bowel syndrome Side effects of taking probiotics are usually mild and include gas or bloating.
system: Does L-carnitine help improve fibromyalgia symptoms?
output: If you want to take a natural approach to treating fibromyalgia, it's important to learn as much as you can about the therapies you consider. The studies are limited, but it's thought that L-carnitine may give some relief from fatigue in people with fibromyalgia. Some researchers have also concluded that while more studies are warranted, L-carnitine may provide support for the muscular system of patients with fibromyalgia.
system: Can negative thoughts and moods be symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: You may: Be down on yourself, other people, or the world Feel detached from other people, hopeless, or emotionally numb Changes in emotional and physical reactions.
system: What kind of help is available for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression?
output: Prescription medicines and talk therapy can work well. Some treatments can help with depression and PTSD at the same time. For example, a counselor can help you let go of negative thoughts and habits, and put positive ones in their place. If you feel so low that you think about killing yourself, get help right away. Call a doctor or counselor, or talk to a loved one or minister. If you or someone near you might be in immediate danger, call 911 or a crisis line right away. You can reach the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273- TALK (800-273-8255).
system: Can changes in emotional and physical reactions be symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: You could: Be easily startled or frightened, or you might always be on guard for danger Do self-destructive things, like drinking too much alcohol or driving too fast Have trouble sleeping or concentrating If your symptoms go on for longer than 4 weeks, cause you a lot of distress, or get in the way of your home life or work, you may have posttraumatic stress.
system: Do some people with posttraumatic stress disorder avoid people or things that are linked to their PTSD?
output: You might: Try to keep from thinking or talking about what happened Stay away from people, places, or activities that remind you of it Negative thoughts and moods.
system: Can unwanted memories be a symptom of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: You might: Keep remembering what happened, even though that upsets you Have flashbacks, like you're reliving it Have an emotional or physical reaction when something reminds you of it Avoidance.
system: How often can you have a bout of depression?
output: It's just part of life. Or they might not come for years.
system: What are the symptoms of hepatitis A?
output: You don't always get symptoms, but when you do, you might have: Jaundice (yellow eyes and skin, dark urine) Pain in your belly Loss of appetite Nausea Fever Diarrhea Fatigue Children often have the disease with few symptoms.
system: Is there a hepatitis A vaccine?
output: Vaccination is recommended for: Travelers to areas of the world with higher hepatitis A infection Infants aged 6 to 11 months who are traveling internationally Men who have sex with other men Those with a blood clotting problem People who inject illegal drugs Anyone with long-term liver disease The vaccine is given in 3 separate doses.
system: Who gets hepatitis A?
output: Hepatitis transmission can also happen if you: Eat fruits, vegetables, or other foods that were contaminated during handling Eat raw shellfish harvested from water that's got the virus in it Swallow contaminated ice You could be at risk for the disease if you: Live with or have sex with someone who's infected Travel to countries where hepatitis A is common People who are also at risk are: Men who have sex with men People who inject illegal drugs Kids in child care and their teachers Your doctor will suspect hepatitis if you have the symptoms above and you have high levels of liver enzymes when he tests your blood.
system: Are there any long-term effects of hepatitis A?
output: Usually the virus doesn't cause any long-term problems or complications. But according to the CDC, 10% to 15% of people with hepatitis A will have symptoms that last a long time or come back over a 6- to 9-month period. In rare situations, some people may have liver failure or need a transplant.
system: Can you prevent hepatitis A?
output: He'll also do tests that check how well your liver is working to be sure your body is healing. If you come in contact with someone with hepatitis A, you can get an immune globulin shot within 2 weeks. Good hygiene is also important. Always wash your hands with soap and water after using the bathroom, before and after handling food, and after changing a diaper.
system: Who is more likely to get high blood pressure?
output: High blood pressure is more likely in people with a family history of high blood pressure, heart disease, or diabetes. It's also more common in people who are: African- American Older than 55 Overweight Inactive Heavy alcohol drinkers Smokers If you eat foods high in salt, or use medications like NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen and aspirin), decongestants, and illicit drugs such as cocaine, you also have a higher chance of getting high blood pressure.
system: What is high blood pressure?
output: Also known as hypertension, high blood pressure is the most common cardiovascular disease. Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against your artery walls as it goes through your body. Like air in a tire or water in a hose, blood fills your arteries to a point. Just as too much air pressure can damage a tire, or too much water pushing through a garden hose can damage the hose, high blood pressure can hurt your arteries and lead to life-threatening conditions like heart disease and stroke.
system: What can happen if high blood pressure is untreated?
output: Left untreated, hypertension can lead to serious problems, such as: Vision problems Heart attack Stroke Kidney failure Heart failure Critically ill patients who have very high blood pressure may have "malignant hypertension."
system: What plays a role in essential high blood pressure?
output: In the U. S. alone, about 30% of adults have high blood pressure. High blood pressure is more likely in people with a family history of high blood pressure, heart disease, or diabetes. Diet and lifestyle also play a big role in essential hypertension. The link between salt and high blood pressure is especially noteworthy. People living on the northern islands of Japan eat more salt than anyone else in the world. They're also most likely to get hypertension. Many people with high blood pressure are "salt sensitive." That means anything more a minimal amount will raise their blood pressure.
system: What blood pressure readings are too high?
output: If yours is 180/120 or higher, get medical attention right away. Your doctor could also tell you that you have something called prehypertension. That's when your BP is just a bit higher than 120/less than 80. Many people with high blood pressure are "salt sensitive."
system: What is essential high blood pressure?
output: That's the force in the arteries when the heart beats. This is essential hypertension.
system: How do you know if a low-carb diet is right for you?
output: If you're considering a high-protein diet, check with your doctor or a nutritionist to see if it's OK for you. They can help you come up with a plan that will make sure you're getting enough fruits and vegetables, and that you're getting lean protein foods. Remember, weight loss that lasts is usually based on changes you can live with for a long time, not a temporary diet.
system: What are high-protein, low-carb diets?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } By comparison, the American Heart Association, the National Cholesterol Education Program, and the American Cancer Society all recommend a diet in which a smaller percentage of calories come from protein. The American Heart Association recommends getting 10% - 35% of your daily calories from protein. This is about 46 grams of protein for adult women and 56 grams for adult men. Some experts have raised concern about high-protein, low-carb diets.
system: What are the risks of high protein, low carb diets?
output: High-protein, low-carbohydrate diets, like The Atkins Diet, have been widely promoted as effective weight loss plans. High cholesterol. Some protein sources -- like fatty cuts of meat, whole dairy products, and other high-fat foods -- can raise cholesterol, increasing your chance of heart disease. However, studies showed that people on the Atkins diet for up to 2 years actually had decreased âbadâ cholesterol levels. Kidney problems. If you have any kidney problems, eating too much protein puts added strain on your kidneys. This could worsen kidney function. Osteoporosis and kidney stones. When you're on a high-protein diet, you may urinate more calcium than normal. There are conflicting reports, but some experts think this could make osteoporosis and kidney stones more likely.
system: Who shouldn't take diuretics (water pills) for high blood pressure?
output: Some diuretics are sulfa drugs, so they could cause a reaction if you're allergic. Older people tend to have more side effects such as fainting and dizziness from dehydration. You'll need to work closely with your doctor. Diuretics aren't recommended for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding. We don't know how these drugs affect an unborn baby. But potassium-sparing diuretics can cause low levels of calcium, which could hurt bone development.
system: What are the side effects of diuretics (water pills) for high blood pressure?
output: If you only need one dose a day, you might want to take your diuretic in the morning so you can sleep through the night instead of getting up to go to the bathroom. You also run the risk of getting dehydrated, and simply drinking more fluids may not be enough. Call your doctor if you're very thirsty or have a very dry mouth, your pee is a deep yellow, you aren't peeing much or get constipated, or you have a bad headache. You may feel dizzy or lightheaded, especially when you stand up, if your blood pressure has dropped too low, or you're getting dehydrated. Your blood chemistry can get thrown off. You could have too little or too much sodium or potassium in your system. This can make you tired or weak or give you muscle cramps or a headache. It's rare, but your heart may speed up (over 100 beats a minute) or you might start throwing up because of a dangerously low potassium level. Diuretics may make it harder for you to control your blood sugar, which can lead to diabetes if you don't already have it. You might be more likely to get gout. Taking combination pills or multiple medicines could boost these side effects. To help lower those odds, ask your doctor when during the day you should take each medication.
system: What are diuretics (water pills) for high blood pressure?
output: Because you have less total fluid in your blood vessels, like a garden hose that's not turned on all the way, the pressure inside will be lower. This also makes it easier for your heart to pump. !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } They're usually the first type of medication that your doctor will try to control your blood pressure. She may want to regularly check your blood pressure as well as test your blood and pee for levels of specific minerals and to see how well your kidneys are working.
system: What are the three treatment options for tuberculosis?
output: These are the three treatment options: Isoniazid ( INH): This is the most common therapy for latent TB. You typically take an isoniazid antibiotic pill daily for 9 months. Rifampin ( Rifadin, Rimactane): You take this antibiotic each day for 4 months. It's an option if you have side effects or contraindications to INH. Isoniazid and rifapentine: You take both of these antibiotics once a week for 3 months under your doctor's supervision.
system: What is the treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis?
output: If several types of medications don't do the job, you have what doctors call âmultidrug-resistant TB.â You'll need to take a combination of medications for 20 to 30 months. They include: Antibiotics called fluoroquinolones An injectable antibiotic, such as amikacin ( Amikin), capreomycin ( Capastat), and kanamycin Newer antibiotic treatments, such as bedaquiline ( Sirturo), ethionamide ( Trecator), and para-amino salicylic acid. These are given in addition to other medications. The new drug Pretomanid is used in conjunction with bedaquiline and linezolid. Scientists are still studying these medicines. A rare and serious type of the disease is called "extensively drug-resistant TB." This means that many of the common medications -- including isoniazid, rifampin, fluoroquinolones, and at least one of the antibiotics that are injected -- don't knock it out. Research shows that it can be cured around 30% to 50% of the time.
system: What are the treatment medications for active tuberculosis?
output: If you have this form of the disease, you'll need to take a number of antibiotics for 6 to 9 months. These four medications are most commonly used to treat it: Ethambutol ( Myambutal) Isoniazid Pyrazinamide Rifampin Your doctor may order a test that shows which antibiotics will kill the TB strain. Based on the results, you'll take three or four medications for 2 months. Afterward, you'll take two medications for 4 to 7 months. You'll probably start to feel better after a few weeks of treatment. But only a doctor can tell you if you're still contagious. If you're not, you may be able to go back to your daily routine.
system: What are side effects for treatments of tuberculosis?
output: Tell your doctor right away if you have any of the following symptoms: Fever for 3 or more days Pain in the lower abdomen Itchiness or a rash Nausea, vomiting, or no appetite Yellowish skin or eyes Dark or brown urine Tingling, burning, or numbness of the hands and feet Fatigue Easy bruising or bleeding Dizziness It's important to take every dose of your antibiotics.
system: What are the two types of tuberculosis?
output: There are two types of TB -- latent and active. Depending on your risk factors, latent TB can re-activate and cause an active infection. That's why your doctor might prescribe medication to kill the inactive bacteria -- just in case.
system: How is tuberculosis treated?
output: What medications you take and how long you'll have to take them depends on which works to eradicate your TB. Sometimes, antibiotics used to treat the disease don't work. Doctors call this "drug-resistant" TB. If you have this form of the disease, you may need to take stronger medications for longer. That's why your doctor might prescribe medication to kill the inactive bacteria -- just in case. These are the three treatment options: Isoniazid ( INH): This is the most common therapy for latent TB. If you have this form of the disease, you'll need to take a number of antibiotics for 6 to 9 months.