laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: Are pinworm infections contagious?
output: It's also easily spread to family members and caregivers. People who live in crowded spaces, like institutions, have a higher risk of getting pinworm infections. He might also prescribe medication to everyone in your household to prevent infection and re-infection.
system: How can I prevent pinworm infection?
output: Female pinworms move to your anus area to lay their eggs. Wash your anal area in the morning to reduce the number of eggs on your body. Shower to prevent possible re-contamination in bath water. Don't bathe with anyone or share towels during treatment and for two weeks after final treatment. Change your underwear and bed linens each day. This helps remove eggs. Wash bedsheets, nightclothes, underwear, washcloths, and towels in hot water to kill pinworm eggs. Dry them on high heat. Don't scratch your anal area. Trim your child's nails so there's less space for eggs to collect. Discourage nail biting. Wash your hands with soap and water after using the bathroom, changing diapers, and before handling food. Teach your kids to do the same.
system: What happens during a trigger point injection (TPI)?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } In the TPI procedure, a health care professional inserts a small needle into the patient's trigger point. The injection contains a local anesthetic or saline, and may include a corticosteroid. With the injection, the trigger point is made inactive and the pain is alleviated. Often, a brief course of treatment will result in sustained relief. Injections are given in a doctor's office and usually take just a few minutes.
system: What is trigger point injection (TPI)?
output: TPI is a procedure used to treat painful areas of muscle that contain trigger points, or knots of muscle that form when muscles do not relax. Many times, such knots can be felt under the skin. Trigger points may irritate the nerves around them and cause referred pain, or pain that is felt in another part of the body.
system: When should you call your doctor about using blood thinners?
output: Let your doctor know right away if you notice any signs of unusual bleeding, like: Heavier-than-normal menstrual periods Blood in your urine or stool Bleeding from your gums or nose Vomiting or coughing up blood Dizziness Weaknesses A severe headache or stomach ache If you take an anticoagulant like warfarin, you'll need regular blood tests so your doctor can adjust your levels if needed. Ask him about other steps you should take to stay safe while you're on this medication. Be careful with activities that can lead to head injuries.
system: Can your diet affect blood thinners?
output: Don't start any new medicines without their OK. And remember that your diet is also very important. Some foods -- like green, leafy vegetables -- contain vitamin K. This can counteract the blood thinners. Talk to your doctor about your diet.
system: Why do people use blood thinners?
output: If you have atrial fibrillation, blood thinners can help keep you from having a stroke. That's one of the most common reasons doctors prescribe it.
system: What are antiplatelets?
output: These target tiny particles in the blood called platelets. They come in pill form, and include: Aspirin Clopidogrel ( Plavix) Dipyridamole ( Persantine) Prasugrel ( Effient) Ticagrelor ( Brilinta) Vorapaxar ( Zontivity) How They Work Blood thinners don't actually make your blood thinner.
system: Who needs to use blood thinners?
output: About 2 million to 3 million people take blood thinners every year. You may need them if you've already had a heart attack or a stroke, since they can lower your risk of having a second one. You may also need this type of medicine if you have a heart or blood vessel disease, an irregular heart rhythm, lupus, or deep vein thrombosis. ( DVT is a dangerous type of blood clot that often forms in the leg.) You also have a greater risk for blood clots if you're overweight, recently had surgery, or have an artificial heart valve.
system: What are the risks associated with using blood thinners?
output: Risks Clotting isn't always a bad thing: When you cut yourself, it's what seals your wound and keeps you from losing too much blood. Blood thinners prevent clotting. So, even tiny cuts or bruises will bleed a lot more if you take these drugs.
system: What are anticoagulants?
output: These keep your blood from clotting, or turning into solid clumps of cells that stick together. Most come in pill form. Some popular ones in this category include: Apixaban ( Eliquis) Dabigatran ( Pradaxa) Edoxaban ( Savaysa) Fondaparinux ( Arixtra) Heparin ( Fragmin, Innohep, and Lovenox) Rivaroxaban ( Xarelto) Warfarin ( Coumadin, Jantoven) Other, more powerful types of this blood thinner are given as a shot or through an IV, either in the hospital or at home. Some of the more well-known ones are heparin and fondaparinux.
system: How do blood thinners work?
output: Nor can they break up clots. But they do keep blood from forming new clots. They can also slow the growth of existing ones. Some anticoagulants do this by competing with vitamin K from the liver. Your body needs this to make proteins called clotting factors. These help blood cells and platelets (tiny pieces of blood cells) bind together. Antiplatelets keep platelets from sticking to each other and to the walls of blood vessels. These drugs are weaker than anticoagulants. They're often prescribed to people at risk for future blood clots, rather than to treat existing ones.
system: Are blood thinners dangerous?
output: The lifesaving benefits of these drugs often outweigh the potential dangers. Still, it's important to learn about both before you start taking them.
system: What do blood thinners do?
output: They can protect against heart attacks and strokes. But they also come with risks: For example, they'll cause you to bleed more than usual when you cut yourself. Types of Blood Thinners There are two. But they do keep blood from forming new clots. They're often prescribed to people at risk for future blood clots, rather than to treat existing ones.
system: What are some considerations associated with taking blood thinners?
output: The lifesaving benefits of these drugs often outweigh the potential dangers. ( DVT is a dangerous type of blood clot that often forms in the leg.) If you get a dangerous bleeding problem while taking warfarin, doctors can turn to an "antidote" of vitamin K or a combination of prothrombin complex concentrate ( PCC) and fresh frozen plasma to stop it. In addition, approval has been given for using a reversal agent like andexanet alfa ( Andexxa) to reverse the anti-clotting effects of apixaban ( Eliquis) and rivaroxaban ( Xarelto) or idarucizumab ( Praxbind) to reverse the anti-clotting effects of dabigatran etexilate ( Pradaxa). Tell all of your doctors, including your dentist, that you're taking a blood thinner. Don't start any new medicines without their OK. And remember that your diet is also very important.
system: How can exercise help depression?
output: You can do any activity. If your depression is more severe, being active is still a good idea, though you may need other treatments, too. Depression can keep you awake, and a lack of sleep can make you feel depressed. For people with SAD, this treatment can work just as well as antidepressants. In TMS, doctors use a magnetic field to treat depression that's resistant to medications. "
system: Could my gender cause me to pee so much at night?
output: Your gender can play a role, too: Men: An enlarged prostate is common when you're an older guy. It usually isn't serious, but it can keep you from emptying your bladder. Women: After menopause, you make less estrogen. That can cause changes in the urinary tract that make you have to go more often. If you've had children, the muscles in your pelvis may be weaker, too.
system: Is peeing at night a sign of old age?
output: As you age, your body produces less of a hormone that helps concentrate urine so that you can hold it until the morning. When you're older you're also more likely to have other health problems that make you need to pee overnight.
system: How do I prepare for my doctor's visit for peeing so much at night?
output: It may hurt when you pee, your stomach may ache, and you might have a fever. Your doctor will want to know: How you're sleeping Whether you feel tired during the day What medications you take Any other symptoms you have
system: Could sleeping problems make me pee so much at night?
output: When you're older you're also more likely to have other health problems that make you need to pee overnight. That can happen if you have restless legs syndrome, hot flashes, ongoing (chronic) pain, or depression. There's also a connection between sleep apnea and having to go at night. Treating the sleep disorder usually solves the nighttime peeing problem, too.
system: What problems could happen after a corpus callosotomy?
output: The following symptoms may occur after having a corpus callosotomy, although they generally go away on their own: Scalp numbness Nausea Feeling tired or depressed Headaches Difficulty speaking, remembering things, or finding words Paralysis, weakness, loss of sensation Change in personality Serious problems are uncommon with a corpus callosotomy, but there are risks, including: Risks associated with surgery, including infection, bleeding, and an allergic reaction to anesthesia Swelling in the brain Lack of awareness of one side of the body Loss of coordination Problems with speech, such as stuttering Increase in partial seizures (occurring on one side of the brain) Stroke
system: How well does a corpus callosotomy work?
output: Corpus callosotomy is successful in stopping drop attacks, or atonic seizures in which a person suddenly loses muscle tone and falls to the ground, in about 50% to 75% of cases. This can decrease the risk of injury and improve the person's quality of life.
system: What tests do you get before a corpus callosotomy?
output: Candidates for corpus callosotomy undergo an extensive pre-surgery evaluation -- including seizure monitoring, electroencephalography ( EEG), magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI), and positron emission tomography ( PET). These tests help the doctor pinpoint where the seizures begin and how they spread in the brain. It also helps the doctor determine if a corpus callosotomy is an appropriate treatment.
system: Who would get a corpus callosotomy?
output: A corpus callosotomy, sometimes called split-brain surgery, may be performed in people with the most extreme and uncontrollable forms of epilepsy, when frequent seizures affect both sides of the brain. People considered for corpus callosotomy are typically those who do not respond to treatment with antiseizure medications.
system: What is recovery from a corpus callosotomy like?
output: The patient generally stays in the hospital for two to four days. Most people having a corpus callosotomy will be able to return to their normal activities, including work or school, in six to eight weeks after surgery. The hair over the incision will grow back and hide the surgical scar. The person will continue taking antiseizure drugs.
system: What is a corpus callosotomy?
output: The corpus callosum is a band of nerve fibers located deep in the brain that connects the two halves (hemispheres) of the brain. It helps the hemispheres share information, but it also contributes to the spread of seizure impulses from one side of the brain to the other. However, the seizures usually become less severe, as they cannot spread to the opposite side of the brain.
system: What is the phase II of clinical trial for arthritis?
output: Phase II clinical trials determine the effect of an experimental treatment on the particular disease or condition being evaluated. The best dosage is usually determined during this phase, as well.
system: Who can participate in a clinical trial for arthritis?
output: Each study enrolls patients with certain conditions and symptoms. If you fit the guidelines for a trial, you may be able to participate. In some instances, you may be required to undergo certain tests to confirm your acceptability as a candidate.
system: What is the phase IV of clinical trial for arthritis?
output: Phase IV clinical trials apply the new treatment to general patient care. For example, a new drug that was found effective in a clinical trial may be used together with other effective drugs to treat the particular disease or condition in a select group of patients.
system: What is the phase I of clinical trial for arthritis?
output: In a phase I clinical trial, the new arthritis treatment being investigated is given to a small number of participants. The researchers determine the best way to give the new treatment and how much of it can be given safely.
system: What conditions can lead exposure cause in adults?
output: In adults, lead exposure can cause: Anemia Fertility problems in both men and women Hearing and vision loss High blood pressure Kidney damage Nerve disorders Memory and concentration problems Muscle and joint pain Not all houses built before 1978 have lead-based paint, but the older your house is, the greater the likelihood is that it contains lead paint somewhere inside or out.
system: Do home lead test kits work?
output: They're less expensive than a full inspection or assessment, their accuracy is questionable, and they don't provide the detail that an inspection or a risk assessment gives. You may also collect your own paint samples and send them to a lab for analysis. However, the samples you collect may not be as complete as the samples a certified professional would gather. A certified contractor will take precautions to keep the dust and lead paint chips contained until all surfaces can be cleaned and the lead removed.
system: What does a risk assessment report tell you about lead paint in your home?
output: Risk assessment A risk assessment locates deteriorating paint in your home and evaluates the extent and cause of the deterioration. Painted surfaces in good condition are not tested. If there is a probability, the report will recommend a risk assessment.
system: How can you treat a nickel allergy?
output: Once a nickel allergy develops, it often lasts your whole life. But there are ways to ease your symptoms. The most important thing you can do is avoid contact with objects that can cause a reaction. For mild symptoms, a hydrocortisone cream and antihistamine pills you can buy at the drugstore may help. For more severe symptoms, you doctor may prescribe a steroid cream or a drug that works on your immune system. If your symptoms are very severe, your treatment may also include steroids that you take by mouth and antihistamine pills. If your skin is cracked or blistered, you should take off any metal jewelry right away and see your doctor for treatment to avoid getting an infection.
system: What are symptoms of being allergic to nickel?
output: Sometimes blisters follow. They may break, leaving crusts and scales. If left untreated, your skin may become darker, leathery, and cracked. Most likely, the rash is only on the part of your skin in direct contact with the nickel. In serious cases, the rash may spread. Sweating can make it worse. If your skin becomes infected, it will become warm and redder or filled with pus. Get medical care right away. The patches must stay on for 48 hours.
system: What are 7 ways to avoid nickel?
output: If you're allergic to nickel, your skin will likely show a reaction after that amount of time. But there are ways to ease your symptoms. It's a good idea to avoid piercing guns, since they could contain nickel and can cause bacterial infections. Make sure your jewelry is made of surgical-grade stainless steel or either 14-, 18- or 24-karat yellow gold. White gold may contain nickel. Other nickel-free metals include pure sterling silver, copper, platinum, and titanium. Polycarbonate plastic is okay. If you must wear earrings that have nickel, add plastic covers made for earring studs. Buy eyeglass frames made of titanium or plastic. Choose clothes, including bras and other under-things, with buttons, snaps, rivets, or fasteners that are made of plastic or are plastic-coated or painted metal. If your clothes have nickel items, switch to plastic or plastic coated. Wear watchbands made of leather, cloth, or plastic. If a good piece of jewelry that you wear daily -- such as a wedding ring -- causes a reaction, ask a jeweler about having it plated in a less-allergic metal, such as platinum.
system: How can you tell if you may be allergic to nickel?
output: It's one of the most common skin allergies, in part because nickel is used so many things, including jewelry, cell phones, coins, zippers, eyeglass frames, belt buckles, and keys. If you're allergic to nickel, your skin will likely show a reaction after that amount of time.
system: How can I prevent tooth and gym disease if I have diabetes?
output: Regular brushing and flossing, as well as rinsing with antiseptic mouthwash will get rid of it and stop gingivitis in its tracks.
system: What other fungal infections does diabetes put me at risk for?
output: Thrush is just one kind of mouth infection diabetes puts you at risk for. There are others, including other fungal infections. Both thrush and dry mouth can lead to burning mouth syndrome. So can certain medications, including some for high blood pressure.
system: How can I prevent oral health problems if I have diabetes?
output: The good news is that controlling your diabetes will go a long way toward protecting your teeth and gums. And that, in turn, will also help you manage your diabetes. If you have diabetes, keep an eye out for these oral health conditions -- especially if you've already reached the half-century mark.
system: Why does diabetes cause oral health issues?
output: Bacteria love to feast on sugar, turning it into tooth-damaging acid. Uncontrolled diabetes means more sugar in your saliva, and that means a free banquet for bacteria. As bacteria gather, they combine with saliva and pieces of leftover food to form plaque. When it builds up, it leads to tooth decay and gum disease.
system: Is burning mouth syndrome harmful to your health?
output: This isn't really harmful, unless you make up for the lack of taste by adding sugar to your food. That will boost your risk of cavities and gum disease.
system: How does periodontitis form in people with diabetes?
output: If left untreated, gingivitis can turn into periodontitis, a more serious type of gum disease that erodes the bone and tissues that support your teeth. In the worst case, you might lose your teeth. If you don't floss and brush regularly, bacteria and plaque can build up on your teeth. That causes your gums to pull away from them.
system: What is the most common oral health problem among people with diabetes?
output: Gum disease is the most common oral health problem among people with diabetes. The first stage of gum disease is called gingivitis. This is when bacteria cause your gums to bleed, turn red, and feel sore.
system: Does diabetes cause dry mouth?
output: Both diabetes and older age (especially if you're a woman) slow down saliva production. This puts you at risk for dry mouth, which your doctor might call xerostomia.
system: Does diabetes cause slow healing time and what does that mean for oral health?
output: If you wear dentures, smoke, or take antibiotics, you may be even more likely to get thrush. That's a byproduct of both diabetes and getting older. At the same time, your risk of infection goes up. That plus slower healing means that if something does go wrong with your gums or teeth, it'll take longer to get better. And it might get worse faster. This can also be a problem after dental surgery.
system: What is thrush and how is it related to diabetes?
output: Gum disease is the most common oral health problem among people with diabetes. Saliva makes the enzymes that attack bacteria. Thrush can cause white or red patches on your tongue and inside your cheeks. Sometimes they turn into open sores.
system: What are the risks of diabetes-associated dry mouth?
output: When it builds up, it leads to tooth decay and gum disease. Bacteria aren't the only organisms that like sugar. Both thrush and dry mouth can lead to burning mouth syndrome.
system: What are the symptoms of burning mouth syndrome?
output: Both thrush and dry mouth can lead to burning mouth syndrome. You might lose some of your ability to taste. This can also result from aging.
system: What other risk factors put me at risk for thrush other than diabetes?
output: If you have diabetes, you're more likely to have oral health problems like cavities and gum disease. Bacteria aren't the only organisms that like sugar.
system: What are symptoms of insomnia relative to menopause?
output: Symptoms of insomnia can include one or more of the following: Difficulty falling asleep Waking up frequently during the night with difficulty returning to sleep Waking up too early in the morning Non-refreshing sleep (feeling tired upon waking and throughout the day) Alcohol may help you relax and fall asleep, but it should not be used as a sleep aid, because it has a rebound effect.
system: What treatments are there for insomnia during menopause?
output: He or she may be able to prescribe temporary medicine to help you sleep and get you sleeping regularly. In addition, your doctor can rule out other conditions that may be causing your sleep problem. For example, if depression is causing your sleep problems, your doctor may prescribe an antidepressant. If your insomnia is a result of menopausal symptoms, you may also want to talk to your doctor about taking hormone replacement therapy ( HRT) for a short period of time. HRT may help alleviate symptoms that are causing your sleep problem.
system: What steps may help you sleep better during menopause?
output: Do not nap during the day. Exercise daily. However, be sure to avoid vigorous exercise three hours or less before bedtime. Avoid caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine throughout the day. Keep your bedroom cool to prevent night sweats. Do not go to bed until you are tired. Take a warm bath or shower at bedtime. Do not watch television, eat, or read in bed. Do these activities in another room until you feel sleepy. Follow the same bedtime routine each night. Avoid using sleeping pills.
system: Why should you not use alcohol as a sleep aid, even if menopause symptoms keep you awake at night?
output: It can disturb your sleep later and can cause you to awaken in the middle of the night.
system: What do you need to know about menopause and sleep problems?
output: There are many steps you can take to get yourself sleeping soundly through the night. If your insomnia is a result of menopausal symptoms, you may also want to talk to your doctor about taking hormone replacement therapy ( HRT) for a short period of time.
system: How do I track my personal triggers for migraine attacks?
output: The first step is to track your migraine symptoms in a diary. Note what you were doing before and when your headache came on. What were you eating? How much sleep did you get the night before? Did anything stressful or important happen that day? These are key clues.
system: What are the common migraine triggers?
output: When you look at your diary, you might find that these things tend to lead to a migraine: Stress Menstrual periods Changes in your normal sleep pattern Extreme fatigue Certain foods and drinks Too much caffeine or withdrawal from it Skipping meals or fasting Changes in the weather Exercise Smoking Bright, flickering lights Certain smells Watch what you eat and drink.
system: What are some triggers of migraines found in food?
output: Red wine, caffeine withdrawal, stress, and skipped meals are among the common culprits.