laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What should you know about hepatitis C and your skin?
output: Bumps, rashes, and itchy spots may be the first signs you notice of this infection. Most people who've been infected with the hepatitis C virus go for a long time before they know they have it. That's because there usually aren't any symptoms for years. By the time you notice changes on your skin, that's a sign the virus has already damaged your liver. If you notice any of these skin problems, see your doctor. Taking medicine to treat the virus may clear your skin and prevent other health problems, too.
system: How is purpura (blood spots) linked to hepatitis C?
output: Medicine to flush porphyrins out of your liver and into your pee Protecting your skin from the sun with sunscreen and staying out of the sun as much as possible These red or purple blotches can be as small as a pinhead or as big as half an inch. They can hurt or itch. For people with hepatitis C, the rash is usually a symptom of cryoglobulinemia. It's a blood vessel problem that happens when proteins in your blood stick together in cold weather. The clumps build up in small and medium vessels, which block blood flow. Medication that targets the hep C virus can take care of the problem. If you have lots of purpura or other issues from cryoglobulinemia, your doctor may give you steroid medicine, too.
system: How is jaundice linked to hepatitis C?
output: If you have it, you may notice that your skin and the whites of your eyes look yellowish. This happens when your liver doesn't work well enough to break down a chemical called bilirubin. If too much of it builds up in your blood, your skin can turn yellow. Jaundice can show up soon after you're infected with hepatitis C. It can also appear after years of the infection and cirrhosis. See your doctor if you think you have it. To treat the condition, you'll need to treat the hep C infection and liver damage that's causing it.
system: How is necrolytic acral erythema linked to hepatitis C?
output: This rare skin condition may be an early sign of a hepatitis C infection. It causes skin patches on the feet or hands that look like psoriasis. The cause isn't clear, but zinc supplements seem to clear it up quickly.
system: How is itching linked to hepatitis C?
output: Talk to your doctor if the problem is very bad. Some prescription medicines can help. Oatmeal baths, moisturizers, antihistamines, and cortisone creams can bring relief, too. And if you smoke, quitting can ease some of your itching. The clumps build up in small and medium vessels, which block blood flow. Like all medications, some hepatitis C treatments can cause side effects. A dry, itchy rash on your hands and feet.
system: How is type 2 diabetes treated?
output: People with type 1 diabetes produce no insulin and must use insulin injections to control their blood sugar.
system: What are symptoms of gestational diabetes?
output: Most often, there are no symptoms or a very gradual development of the above symptoms. Other symptoms may include: Slow-healing sores or cuts Itching of the skin (usually in the vaginal or groin area) Yeast infections Recent weight gain Numbness or tingling of the hands and feet Impotence or erectile dysfunction With gestational diabetes, there are often no symptoms. If you do have symptoms, they might include: Increased thirst Increased urination Increased hunger Blurred vision Pregnancy causes most women to have to urinate more often and to feel hungrier, so having these symptoms does not always mean that you have gestational diabetes. But it is important to get tested, because high blood sugar can cause problems for both you and your baby.
system: Who is at risk for gestational diabetes?
output: However, women who have had gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life.
system: How common is type 2 diabetes?
output: Approximately 30.3 million people in the U. S. have diabetes, and the great majority of them have type 2 diabetes. While most of these cases can be prevented, it remains for adults the leading cause of diabetes-related complications such as blindness, non-traumatic amputations, and chronic kidney failure. Type 2 diabetes usually occurs in people over age 40 who are overweight, but it can occur in people who are not overweight. In the past, it was referred to as "adult-onset diabetes," but now it has started to appear more often in children because of the rise in obesity in young people.
system: How common is prediabetes?
output: In the U. S., 84.1 million adults have blood sugar levels that are higher than normal, but not high enough to be classified as diabetes. This is known as prediabetes, or impaired glucose tolerance. While people with prediabetes usually have no symptoms, it's almost always present before a person develops type 2 diabetes. However, complications normally associated with diabetes, such as heart disease, can begin to develop even when a person has only pre-diabetes.
system: What are symptoms of type 1 diabetes?
output: They include: Increased thirst Increased hunger (especially after eating) Dry mouth Frequent urination Unexplained weight loss (even though you are eating and feel hungry) Fatigue (weak, tired feeling) Blurred vision The symptoms of type 2 diabetes may be the same as those listed above. Diabetes can't be cured, but it can be treated and controlled.
system: How is diabetes treated?
output: Maintain your blood cholesterol and triglyceride (lipid) levels as near their normal ranges as possible by following a healthy eating plan low in processed foods, added sugars, and saturated fat. Work with your doctor to build a diabetes treatment plan that will guide you in: Planning what you eat and following a balanced meal plan Exercising regularly Taking medicine, if prescribed, and closely following the guidelines on how and when to take it Monitoring your blood glucose and blood pressure levels at home Keeping your appointments with your health care providers Getting lab tests when needed Remember: What you do at home every day affects your blood sugar more than what your doctor can do every few months during your checkups.
system: What are symptoms of type 2 diabetes?
output: The symptoms of type 1 diabetes often occur suddenly and can be severe. Other symptoms may include: Slow-healing sores or cuts Itching of the skin (usually in the vaginal or groin area) Yeast infections Recent weight gain Numbness or tingling of the hands and feet Impotence or erectile dysfunction With gestational diabetes, there are often no symptoms.
system: When is gestational diabetes diagnosed and does it go away after birth?
output: Usually, blood sugar levels return to normal within six weeks of childbirth. However, women who have had gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes later in life. But it is important to get tested, because high blood sugar can cause problems for both you and your baby.
system: Can I prevent acute bronchitis?
output: Here are some ways to lower your chances of getting bronchitis: Avoid cigarette smoke. Get the flu vaccine, since you might get bronchitis from the flu virus. Make sure your pertussis vaccine is up to date. Wash your hands often. Wear a mask when you're around things that bother your lungs, such as paint fumes.
system: What are the symptoms of acute bronchitis?
output: You'll definitely have a cough, and you may have various problems with breathing, such as: Chest congestion, where your chest feels full or clogged A cough that may bring up a lot of mucus that's clear, white, yellow, or green Shortness of breath A wheezing or a whistling sound when you breathe You may also: Have body aches and chills Feel âwiped outâ Run a low fever Have a runny, stuffy nose Have a sore throat Even after the other symptoms are gone, the cough can last for a few weeks while your bronchial tubes heal and the swelling goes down. If it goes on much longer than that, the problem might be something else. Call your doctor if your cough: Brings up blood or mucus that thickens or darkens Keeps you awake at night Lasts more than 3 weeks Causes chest pain Has a barking sound and makes it hard to speak Comes along with unexplained weight loss You'll also want to call your doctor if you have a cough and you have: A foul-tasting fluid in your mouth (could be reflux) Fever over 100.4 F Wheezing or shortness of breath If you are 75 or older and you have an ongoing cough, you should call your doctor to figure out whether a visit is needed.
system: When should I call my doctor about acute bronchitis?
output: Call your doctor if your cough: Brings up blood or mucus that thickens or darkens Keeps you awake at night Lasts more than 3 weeks Causes chest pain Has a barking sound and makes it hard to speak Comes along with unexplained weight loss You'll also want to call your doctor if you have a cough and you have: A foul-tasting fluid in your mouth (could be reflux) Fever over 100.4 F Wheezing or shortness of breath If you are 75 or older and you have an ongoing cough, you should call your doctor to figure out whether a visit is needed. Bronchitis can lead to pneumonia, though this is rare. Usually, it doesn't cause any other problems.
system: What causes acute bronchitis?
output: Most often, the same viruses that give you a cold or the flu also cause bronchitis. Sometimes, though, bacteria are to blame. In both cases, as your body fights off the germs, your bronchial tubes swell and make more mucus. That means you have smaller openings for air to flow, which can make it harder to breathe.
system: What should my breast cancer surgeon provide before surgery?
output: Before surgery, your surgeon should provide: Specific instructions to follow in the days before surgery An overview of the surgical procedures Information about recovery and follow-up care After surgery, watch for complications such as infection or lymphedema, swelling in your arm or hand.
system: What questions should I ask to my breast cancer surgeon?
output: What are the risks? How do they compare with the benefits? How do I prepare for surgery? What type of anesthesia will I have? What happens during and right after surgery? Who do I talk to about breast reconstruction? How long will I be in the hospital? Are there any complications? When can I go back to work and resume normal activities? What are the risks of lymphedema?
system: What is compartment syndrome?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Compartment syndrome occurs when excessive pressure builds up inside an enclosed muscle space in the body. Compartment syndrome usually results from bleeding or swelling after an injury. The dangerously high pressure in compartment syndrome impedes the flow of blood to and from the affected tissues. It can be an emergency, requiring surgery to prevent permanent injury.
system: What happens in compartment syndrome?
output: Groups of organs or muscles are organized into areas called compartments. Strong webs of connective tissue called fascia form the walls of these compartments. After an injury, blood or edema (fluid resulting from inflammation or injury) may accumulate in the compartment. The tough walls of fascia cannot easily expand, and compartment pressure rises, preventing adequate blood flow to tissues inside the compartment. Severe tissue damage can result, with loss of body function or even death. The legs, arms, and abdomen are most prone to developing compartment syndrome.
system: How is compartment syndrome diagnosed?
output: Doctors or family may notice the abdominal compartment syndrome symptoms and signs: A tense, distended abdomen Wincing when the abdomen is pressed Urine output that slows down or stops Low blood pressure A doctor may suspect compartment syndrome based on the type of injury, a person's description of symptoms, and a physical exam. A plastic catheter can also be inserted to monitor the compartment pressure continuously. In suspected abdominal compartment syndrome, a pressure monitor can be inserted into the bladder through a urinary catheter. Laboratory and imaging tests can support the diagnosis of compartment syndrome. But no single test other than a direct pressure measurement can make the abdominal compartment syndrome diagnosis.
system: How can chewing give you headaches?
output: Chewing gum can hurt not just your jaw, but your head as well. The same is true for chewing your fingernails, lips, the inside or your cheeks, or handy objects like pens. Avoid crunchy and sticky foods, and make sure you take small bites. If you grind your teeth at night, ask your dentist about a mouth guard. This may curb your early-morning headaches.
system: Do you need to see a doctor about your headache?
output: Headaches happen. The good news is there are several simple things you can do to ease the pain without a trip to the doctor or drugstore. Try these tips and get to feeling better fast.
system: Can chewing gum cause a headache?
output: Chewing gum can hurt not just your jaw, but your head as well. The same is true for chewing your fingernails, lips, the inside or your cheeks, or handy objects like pens. Avoid crunchy and sticky foods, and make sure you take small bites. If you grind your teeth at night, ask your dentist about a mouth guard. This may curb your early-morning headaches.
system: Can a cold pack treat a migraine?
output: If you have a migraine, place a cold pack on your forehead. Ice cubes wrapped in a towel, a bag of frozen peas, or even a cold shower may lessen the pain. Keep the compress on your head for 15 minutes, then take a break for 15 minutes.
system: Can reducing light in my environment help my headache?
output: If you're prone to them, cover your windows with blackout curtains during the day. Wear sunglasses outdoors. You might also add anti-glare screens to your computer and use daylight-spectrum fluorescent bulbs in your light fixtures.
system: How can you treat a migraine at home?
output: If you have a migraine, place a cold pack on your forehead. Ice cubes wrapped in a towel, a bag of frozen peas, or even a cold shower may lessen the pain. Keep the compress on your head for 15 minutes, then take a break for 15 minutes.
system: What medications should you take to get rid of a headache?
output: If your ponytail is too tight, it could cause a headache. They may work, but to get the most benefit with the least risk, follow the directions on the label and these guidelines: Choose liquid over pills. Your body absorbs it faster. Take painkillers as soon as you feel pain. You'll likely beat it with a smaller dose. Ask your doctor what to take to avoid a rebound headache -- pain that sets in after a few days of taking pain relievers.
system: Can letting down my hair help my headache?
output: These "external compression headaches" can also be brought on by wearing a hat, headband, or even swimming goggles that are too tight. In one study, women who loosened their hair saw their headache disappear. If you get it early enough, it could ease your headache pain.
system: Can a heating pad treat a tension headache?
output: If you have a migraine, place a cold pack on your forehead. If you have a sinus headache, hold a warm cloth to the area that hurts. A warm shower might also do the trick.
system: What guidelines should I follow when I take medications for my headache?
output: If your ponytail is too tight, it could cause a headache. They may work, but to get the most benefit with the least risk, follow the directions on the label and these guidelines: Choose liquid over pills. Your body absorbs it faster. Take painkillers as soon as you feel pain. You'll likely beat it with a smaller dose. Ask your doctor what to take to avoid a rebound headache -- pain that sets in after a few days of taking pain relievers.
system: How can you treat a tension headache at home?
output: If you have a migraine, place a cold pack on your forehead. If you have a sinus headache, hold a warm cloth to the area that hurts. A warm shower might also do the trick.
system: Is there medication I can take for my bone spur?
output: To relieve pain and bring down swelling, you can try one of these over-the-counter pain relievers: Acetaminophen ( Tylenol) Ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin) Naproxen sodium ( Aleve) These can cause side effects, especially if you take them in large doses or for long periods of time. If you've taken them for more than a month, ask your doctor if you can try a different treatment. Other therapies for bone spurs include: Rest Steroid shots to bring down swelling and reduce pain in the joints Physical therapy to improve joint strength and increase movement If these treatments don't work or the bone spur affects your movement, you might need surgery to remove the extra bone.
system: How are bone spurs diagnosed?
output: Often, bone spurs are first evaluated by your regular doctor who will likely refer you to a specialist. He may also order an X-ray to help him to see the bone spur better. Other tests your doctor can use to diagnose bone spurs include: CT scan. It's a powerful X-ray that makes detailed pictures inside your body. MRI . This uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures of organs and structures inside your body. Electroconductive tests. These tests measure how fast your nerves send electrical signals. They can show the damage bone spurs have caused to nerves in your spinal canal.
system: What causes bone spurs?
output: Rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and gout can also damage your joints. Bone spurs also often form after an injury to a joint or tendon. When your body thinks your bone is damaged, it tries to fix it by adding bone to the injured area. Other causes of bone spurs include: Injuries Overuse â for example, if you run or dance a lot over a long period of time Genes Diet Obesity Bone problems that you were born with Narrowing of the spine (spinal stenosis) You might not realize you have a bone spur until you get an X-ray to look for another condition. If you catch and treat arthritis early, you may be able to prevent the damage that leads to bone spurs.
system: How can a yeast infection cause a rash on your penis?
output: A painful rash and redness on the underside of your penis or the head of your penis can signal a yeast infection. Yeast is a common fungus, but when it grows too much, it can cause problems. A number of things can cause it to multiply, like humid conditions or if you have a weak immune system. Certain antibiotics can kill the bacteria that normally keep yeast growth in check, leading to a yeast infection.
system: How can sexually transmitted diseases cause a rash on your penis?
output: If you have sex with someone who has an infection or disease on their genitals, you can get it, too. Common STDs that might cause you to develop a rash on your penis include: Scabies . These tiny mites burrow under your skin and lay eggs, causing an acne-like rash and fierce itching. You get scabies by having skin-on-skin contact for an extended period of time with someone who has it. That's why a common way to get it is through sex. The itching can get worse at night. Scratching the area can lead to sores, which can become infected. Syphilis . Condyloma lata rash is linked to the secondary stage of this STD. It causes large, raised gray or white lesions on the genitals. You can get it if your penis has direct contact with a syphilis sore (called a chancre) during sex. Chancres don't itch, so you might not know you have one. Still, syphilis can lead to serious health problems. Genital herpes may cause ithcing, pain and sores in your genital area. If you have this diease, you may have no obvious signs or symptoms. You can be contagious even if you have no visible sores. There is no cure for genital herpes. But medications can help reduce the symptoms and the risk of spreading the infection to others.
system: How can a drug rash appear on your penis?
output: Certain medications can trigger a rash. You might be allergic, or it could be a side effect of the medication. Anti-inflammatory medications, antibiotics, and pain relievers like Tylenol can cause what doctors call âfixed drug eruptions.â These affect the genitals and can cause swollen, red plaques with a gray center. They can also cause blisters and dark areas that appear once the inflammation goes away. The type of reaction you have, how soon it shows up, and how severe it is depend on the medication.
system: What should you know about a rash on your penis?
output: It can happen, and many things can cause it. A rash can show up as red, itchy patches on the tip of your penis or on the shaft. It might appear as smooth, pink splotches, tiny bumps, or puffy welts. Rashes may be harmless or serious. They can come and go quickly, or linger.
system: How can balanitis cause a rash on your penis?
output: Bacteria, sweat, and dead skin cells can build up and make the skin covering the head of the penis swell. This can lead to itching, rash, redness, and discharge under the foreskin. It can also hurt. You have a higher chance of getting it if you have diabetes. That's because the sugar in your urine collects under your foreskin, where bacteria begin to breed. You can get it whether your penis has been circumcised or not. That's why a common way to get it is through sex. A painful rash and redness on the underside of your penis or the head of your penis can signal a yeast infection.
system: How can contact dermatitis cause a rash on your penis?
output: But on your penis? A rash can show up as red, itchy patches on the tip of your penis or on the shaft. If you develop a rash, think of any new products you might have used recently. Stop using them to see if your symptoms improve.
system: When should you call your doctor about a rash on your penis?
output: But on your penis? See your doctor right away if you have the following symptoms: The rash is painful It's on other parts of your body too, appears suddenly, or is spreading quickly (these are signs of an allergic reaction) The rash looks like blisters, or is turning into sores Your penis feels warm or swollen, or the rash crusts over The rash leaks green or yellow fluid A red streak appears on your penis Go to the emergency room if you have a rash on your penis and a fever. This could signal an allergic reaction or severe infection.
system: How is cardiac rehabilitation used to treat heart failure?
output: Some common types are: ACE inhibitors (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) Aldosterone antagonists ARBs (angiotensin II receptor blockers) ARNIs (angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors) Beta-blockers Blood vessel dilators Digoxin Calcium channel blockers Diuretics Heart pump medications Potassium or magnesium Selective sinus node inhibitors It's a program to help you exercise safely and keep up a heart-healthy lifestyle. It usually includes workouts that are designed just for you, education, and tips to lower your chance of heart trouble, like quitting smoking or changing your diet. Cardiac rehab also offers emotional support. You can meet others like you who can help you stay on track.