laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What is volvulus?
output: This medical emergency occurs when your child's intestine twists around itself, blocking the flow of waste. In some cases, the blood supply is also cut off. It will require surgery to fix, but most children have normal growth and health afterward.
system: What are eosinophilic gastrointestinal disorders (EGID)?
output: Here are some common severe digestive disorders in children. EGIDs - the most common of them is called eosinophilic esophagitis - are disorders that result from extra white blood cells in your child's digestive tract. This causes inflammation and swelling, which can result in pain and discomfort. He may also have trouble swallowing. There's no cure for EGIDs, but medications like steroids can lower the number of white blood cells in his gut and ease symptoms. The doctor may suggest cutting out certain foods that could be causing allergic reactions, or other special diets. A severe case may require use of a feeding tube.
system: What type of digestive disorder is celiac disease?
output: Children with celiac disease have a serious reaction when they eat gluten, a protein in wheat, barley, and rye. This disorder can damage the small intestine and keep your child's body from absorbing nutrients in his food. Following a gluten-free diet is the only treatment for celiac disease. It will likely stop damage to the intestine help heal any that has already happened.
system: What causes short bowel syndrome?
output: With this condition, a child doesn't have enough intestine to absorb nutrients and fluids well. Some children are born with missing sections; others have had surgery to remove part of the intestine. Other causes of short bowel syndrome are: Crohn's disease Intussusception A blocked blood vessel, which can slow blood flow to the intestine Injury to the intestine Cancer Diarrhea is usually the most common symptom. Short bowel syndrome can lead to problems like malnutrition, dehydration, kidney stones, and severe diaper rash.
system: What type of digestive disorder is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)?
output: IBD usually happens in older children or teens. It includes two major digestive disorders: Ulcerative colitis, which causes swelling in the colon Crohn's disease, which can affect any part of the digestive tract Bloody or watery poop and belly pain are common symptoms of both.
system: What is the treatment for short bowel syndrome?
output: A severe case may require use of a feeding tube. Medications can ease symptoms and slow the passage of food through your child's digestive system, so nutrients are absorbed better. Sometimes surgery is required.
system: How can I get enough sleep?
output: Is your sleep different than it used to be when you were younger? If you sleep less than when you were younger but still feel rested and energetic during the day, it might be that you now need less sleep. But if you have noticed that your lack of sleep affects you during the day, tell your doctor. There are steps you can take to get better rest. Many are simple tweaks to your daily routine, like setting a regular bedtime, being more active, and taking steps to ease your mind before you hit the hay.
system: What is restless legs syndrome in children?
output: Restless legs syndrome ( RLS) is not unusual in children 8 years of age and older. This neurological sleep disorder causes a creeping, crawling sensation in the legs (and sometimes in the arms) that creates an irresistible urge to move.
system: What are night terrors?
output: With night terrors -- also called sleep terrors -- the child has a sudden arousal from sleep with extreme agitation, screaming, crying, increased heart rate, and dilated pupils. Like sleep walking, night terrors seem to be linked to an immature central nervous system and are often outgrown. These sleep terrors usually begin after age 18 months and disappear by age 6.
system: How much sleep do children need?
output: Sleep experts suggest that elementary-aged children should get 10 to 11 hours of sleep each night. Preschool-aged children should sleep about 11 to 13 hours a night.
system: How can I help my child's sleep problems?
output: If your child is sleep walking, wetting the bed, or experiencing other sleep disturbances such as night terrors, talk with his doctor. Sometimes, emotional stress is the culprit. In most cases of emotional stress, the problem can be easily resolved with a few behavioral interventions. In addition, watch your child as he sleeps to determine a pattern in his sleeping and possible snoring or sleep apnea. If your child suffers from allergies or asthma, make sure he is taking medication properly. Again, your child's doctor is the best source for treatments for sleep problems.
system: How can I lower my chances of getting enterovirus D68?
output: You can lower your chances of getting it by following these tips: Wash your hands often. Scrub with soap for 20 seconds. (especially before eating) Don't touch your eyes, nose, or mouth unless you've just washed your hands. Don't hug, kiss, or share food with anyone who's sick. If someone in your house is ill, it's a good idea to regularly disinfect surfaces that are touched a lot, such as toys and doorknobs. A person who is ill should always cover their mouth when coughing/sneezing, wear a mask and wash hands often. Staying in a separate room in the house helps contain the infection.
system: How is enterovirus D68 treated?
output: No medicines target this virus. Antibiotics won't help, since the illness is not caused by bacteria. You can take an over-the-counter pain/fever reliever, which might help you feel a little better, just like with a normal cold. If your symptoms are severe, you should call your doctor or go to the emergency room. If it's an emergency -- for instance, you're having trouble breathing -- call 911. You may need to be hospitalized.
system: When will I be able to go home after a liver transplant?
output: Some patients may be discharged in less time, while others may be in the hospital much longer, depending on any complications that may arise. To provide a smooth transition from hospital to home, the nursing staff and your transplant coordinator will begin to prepare you for discharge shortly after you are transferred from the intensive-care unit to the regular nursing floor. You will be given a discharge manual, which reviews much of what you will need to know before you go home. Readmission after discharge is common, especially within the first year after a transplant. Your first return appointment after a liver transplant will generally be scheduled about 1 to 2 weeks after discharge.
system: How long does a liver transplant take?
output: If the donor liver is found to be acceptable, you will proceed with the transplant. After that, follow-up is 3, 6, 9 and 12 months from the date of the transplant, and then once a year for the rest of your life.
system: What tests will you need before a liver transplant?
output: The team may include the following professionals: Liver specialist (hepatologist) Transplant surgeons Transplant coordinator, usually a registered nurse who specializes in the care of liver-transplant patients (this person will be your primary contact with the transplant team) Social worker to discuss your support network of family and friends, employment history, and financial needs Psychiatrist to help you deal with issues, such as anxiety and depression, which may accompany a liver transplant Anesthesiologist to discuss potential anesthesia risks Chemical dependency specialist to aid those with history of alcohol or drug abuse Financial counselor to act as a liaison between a patient and his or her insurance companies You will need to bring all previous doctor records, X-rays, liver biopsy slides, and a record of medications to your pre-evaluation for a liver transplant. Pulmonary function studies to determine the lungs' ability to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide Blood tests to determine blood type, clotting ability, and biochemical status of blood, and to gauge liver function.
system: What are anti-rejection medications?
output: Two of the most common complications following liver transplant are rejection and infection. Infection: Because anti-rejection drugs that suppress your immune system are needed to prevent the liver from being rejected, you are at higher risk for infections. This typically involves a combination of a calcineurin inhibitor ( CNI) such as cyclosporine ( Neoral) or tacrolimus ( Prograf), a glucocorticoid such as prednisone ( Medrol, Prelone, Sterapred DS), and a third agent such as azathioprine ( Imuran), mycophenolate mofetil ( Cell Cept), sirolimus ( Rapamune), or everolimus ( Zortress, Afinitor). Your first return appointment after a liver transplant will generally be scheduled about 1 to 2 weeks after discharge. After that, follow-up is 3, 6, 9 and 12 months from the date of the transplant, and then once a year for the rest of your life.
system: What are complications of a liver transplant?
output: Two of the most common complications following liver transplant are rejection and infection. So, your immune system may attempt to attack and destroy your new liver. About 64% of all liver-transplant patients have some degree of organ rejection, most within the first 90 days of transplant. Infection: Because anti-rejection drugs that suppress your immune system are needed to prevent the liver from being rejected, you are at higher risk for infections. This problem lessens as time passes.
system: How can skipping meals trigger migraines?
output: Being hungry to the point that you feel shaky can bring on a migraine. Some researchers think low glucose (blood sugar) levels may cause changes in your brain that bring them on.
system: How can sleeping too much or too little trigger migraines?
output: It's important to keep a regular schedule. If you can't fall or stay asleep or if you're getting 7 to 8 hours a night and still feel tired, talk to your doctor. You could have a sleep disorder like sleep apnea or insomnia. They can cause headaches, including migraine headaches. Getting treatment for them may help ease your aching head.
system: How can a food diary help with migraines?
output: Researchers are still trying to figure out why some people get migraines and others don't. Common culprits include aged cheese; food additives like nitrates, which are often found in hot dogs, bacon, and other processed meat; nuts; and alcohol.
system: How can ignoring a migraine make it worse?
output: If you can't fall or stay asleep or if you're getting 7 to 8 hours a night and still feel tired, talk to your doctor. If you can, lie down in a dark, quiet place until it passes. You also can try putting a cool, damp cloth on your forehead. Some people find that massaging their scalp also helps relieve head pain.
system: What follow-up doctor appointments is a teen likely to have after meningitis?
output: Your teen is likely to have a: Hearing test before leaving the hospital or within 4 weeks Follow-up visit in 4-6 weeks to check in and look for aftereffects One thing that can be hard for your teen is that from the outside, everything may look fine, even as he might struggle with tiredness or other problems.
system: Can meningitis have lasting effects on a teen?
output: Most teens get through meningitis without any aftereffects, but some will have them. And because meningitis affects the brain, they can be serious. Sometimes, the symptoms are temporary, fading after a few weeks or months. In other cases, they present lifelong challenges.
system: How is a sinus infection diagnosed?
output: Your doctor will give you a physical exam and take your medical history. You might get a CT scan of your sinuses.
system: What causes sinus infections?
output: Any condition that blocks off the drainage channels of your sinuses can cause a sinus infection, such as: Colds Allergies such as hay fever Non-allergic rhinitis (symptoms that are like an allergy but don't have a known cause) Nasal polyps (small growths in the lining of your nose) A sinus infection may start after a cold.
system: What are the symptoms of a sinus infection?
output: They may include things like: Thick, yellow, foul-smelling discharge from your nose Pressure or pain around your face and eyes Headache (generally in the forehead area) Blockage in your nose Congestion Post-nasal drip A cold that won't go away or gets worse Fever or cough These symptoms can also happen with a cold. But if they continue for more than 10 days, you may have a sinus infection.
system: When should I call my doctor about a cold or sinus infection?
output: Most colds go away without medical treatment. If you have pain around your face or eyes, along with thick yellow or green nasal discharge for more than a week, check with your doctor. Also call him if you have fever or symptoms that are severe or don't get better with over-the-counter treatments.
system: Can medicine help symptoms of the common cold?
output: Some medications can ease symptoms. For example, decongestants may decrease drainage and open the nasal passages. Pain relievers may help with fever and headache. Cough medicine may help, as well.
system: How does a cold lead to a sinus infection?
output: The swelling can prevent the flow of mucus. This can lead to a sinus infection. If you have pain around your face and eyes -- and thick yellow or green mucus for more than a week -- see your doctor. Decongestants, antihistamines, and other drugs help lessen the swelling in your sinuses and nasal passages.
system: What are the symptoms of a common cold?
output: Is it turning into a sinus infection? !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } You can't miss the symptoms: Nasal congestion Runny nose Post-nasal drip (drop-by-drop release of fluid from your nose into the back of the throat) Headache Fatigue You may also get a cough and a mild fever. The symptoms usually build, peak, and slowly disappear. Also call him if you have fever or symptoms that are severe or don't get better with over-the-counter treatments.
system: Can MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) help treat knee osteoarthritis?
output: However, there is evidence that MSM in combination with other supplements.may help a bit with the pain and swelling of knee osteoarthritis. Also, early animal research shows some promise for decreasing joint degeneration.
system: What is MSM (methylsulfonylmethane)?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } MSM is a chemical in animals, humans, and many plants. People use it most often to try to treat arthritis. MSM can be produced in a lab, where it is sometimes combined with other supplements such as glucosamine or chondroitin.
system: Can you get MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) naturally from foods?
output: Very small amounts of MSM can be found in: Fruit Corn Tomatoes Tea and coffee Milk But the amounts in these foods are a small fraction of the amount in supplements.
system: Could MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) interact with some drugs?
output: There doesn't appear to be an interaction between MSM and medications, herbs, supplements, or foods. The FDA does not regulate supplements. Be sure to tell your doctor about any supplements you're taking, even if they're natural. That way, he or she can check on any potential side effects or interactions with medications, foods, or other herbs and supplements. Your doctor can let you know if the supplement might raise your risks.
system: How much MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) should I take?
output: People have tried taking from 500 milligrams of MSM three times daily to 3 grams twice daily for osteoarthritis. However, optimal doses of MSM have not been set for any condition. And quality and active ingredients in supplements may vary widely from maker to maker.
system: What are some other reasons to use MSM (methylsulfonylmethane)?
output: They take MSM to try to relieve pain or swelling from: Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis Bursitis, tendinitis, or tenosynovitis People also apply MSM to the skin to try to treat problems such as: Scar tissue or stretch marks Wrinkles Wind or sun burn Wounds, cuts, or abrasions Rosacea Or they may take it to try to treat gastrointestinal problems such as: Chronic constipation Ulcers Diverticulosis (a bowel disease) Hemorrhoids There is a whole range of other reasons people take MSM. This includes obesity and liver problems, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, gum disease, snoring, infections, lung problems, Alzheimer's, HIV, and cancer. The evidence to support taking MSM for these is lacking.
system: Why do people take MSM (methylsulfonylmethane)?
output: People take MSM by mouth or apply it to the skin, mostly using it to lessen inflammation. They take MSM to try to relieve pain or swelling from: Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis Bursitis, tendinitis, or tenosynovitis People also apply MSM to the skin to try to treat problems such as: Scar tissue or stretch marks Wrinkles Wind or sun burn Wounds, cuts, or abrasions Rosacea Or they may take it to try to treat gastrointestinal problems such as: Chronic constipation Ulcers Diverticulosis (a bowel disease) Hemorrhoids There is a whole range of other reasons people take MSM.
system: What skin problems can MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) be used to treat?
output: They take MSM to try to relieve pain or swelling from: Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis Bursitis, tendinitis, or tenosynovitis People also apply MSM to the skin to try to treat problems such as: Scar tissue or stretch marks Wrinkles Wind or sun burn Wounds, cuts, or abrasions Rosacea Or they may take it to try to treat gastrointestinal problems such as: Chronic constipation Ulcers Diverticulosis (a bowel disease) Hemorrhoids There is a whole range of other reasons people take MSM.
system: How effective is MSM (methylsulfonylmethane)?
output: MSM has shown some effectiveness for treating allergies, repetitive stress injuries, certain bladder disorders like interstitial cystitis, and wounds, but more research is needed before it can be recommended for any of these conditions.
system: What gastrointestinal problems can MSM (methylsulfonylmethane) be used to treat?
output: They take MSM to try to relieve pain or swelling from: Osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis Bursitis, tendinitis, or tenosynovitis People also apply MSM to the skin to try to treat problems such as: Scar tissue or stretch marks Wrinkles Wind or sun burn Wounds, cuts, or abrasions Rosacea Or they may take it to try to treat gastrointestinal problems such as: Chronic constipation Ulcers Diverticulosis (a bowel disease) Hemorrhoids There is a whole range of other reasons people take MSM.
system: What are the side effects of taking MSM (methylsulfonylmethane)?
output: Chances are it is safe if you take up to 6 grams of MSM by mouth for six months or fewer. Side effects.
system: When should I test my blood sugar if I have diabetes?
output: You may also hear doctors call these âinterstitial glucose measuring devices.â Each person is different. Your doctor will tell you when and how often you should check your levels. If you use insulin more than once a day or use an insulin pump, experts recommend checking your blood sugar at least three times daily.
system: Why is testing blood sugar regularly important for people with diabetes?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Everyone with diabetes should test their blood sugar (aka blood glucose) levels regularly. Knowing the results lets you adjust your strategy for keeping the disease in check. Regular testing can also help you avoid getting long-term health problems that can stem from the condition. Research shows that in people with either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes, sticking to your target blood sugar and Hb A1c levels makes complications less likely.
system: When should I call my doctor about consistently high or low blood sugar readings?
output: Average Blood Glucose Level (mg/d L) Hb A1c (%) 125 mg/d L 6 154 mg/d L 7 183 mg/d L 8 212 mg/d L 9 240 mg/d L 10 269 mg/d L 11 298 mg/d L 12 Ask your doctor about your target blood sugar range. Also, work together to plan for how to handle blood sugar readings that are either too high or too low and when to call your doctor. Learn about the warning signs of high or low blood sugar, and know what you can do if you begin to have symptoms.
system: What does traditional home glucose monitoring entail for diabetics?
output: Traditional Home Glucose Monitoring You prick your finger with a small, sharp needle called a lancet, put a drop of blood on a test strip, and then place the strip into a meter that displays your blood sugar levels. Meters vary in features, portability, speed, size, cost, and readability (with larger displays or spoken instructions if you have vision problems). Devices deliver results in less than 15 seconds and store this information for future use. Some meters also calculate an average blood sugar level over a span of time. Some also feature software kits that take information from the meter and display graphs and charts of your past test results. Blood sugar meters and strips are available at your local pharmacy.
system: Should I keep record of my blood sugar readings if I have diabetes?
output: Keep records of all your test results. Most glucose monitors also have memory for that. Your records can alert you to any problems or trends. Also, these test records help your doctor make any needed changes in your meal plan, medicine, or exercise program. Bring these records with you to every checkup.
system: When does lung cancer become advanced?
output: Lung cancer becomes advanced when it grows spreads to the other lung or spreads to other parts of your body. Sometimes it's called metastatic or stage IV disease.
system: What are the two main forms of lung cancer?
output: About 85% of people with the disease have this type. The other kind is small-cell lung cancer. The names describe the type of cancer cells seen with a microscope.
system: What should you expect with advanced lung cancer?
output: Lung cancer becomes advanced when it grows spreads to the other lung or spreads to other parts of your body. Sometimes it's called metastatic or stage IV disease. There are two main forms. Non-small-cell lung cancer is the most common one. About 85% of people with the disease have this type. The other kind is small-cell lung cancer. The names describe the type of cancer cells seen with a microscope. Lung cancer is very hard for doctors to find in its early stages. Even if you have symptoms, like a cough or feeling tired, you might not feel bad enough to see a doctor. Most people are diagnosed after their disease becomes advanced. Although there's no cure for lung cancer at this stage, there are treatments that can make symptoms easier to handle.
system: What is the treatment for advanced lung cancer?
output: Most of the time, surgery won't work for advanced lung cancer because it has spread. Most people with the disease can have treatment with a mix of radiation, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies -- drugs that attack specific parts of the cancer cells. Your doctor will recommend the therapies she thinks are most likely to help you. Often, the goal of treatment isn't to get rid of the cancer but to help you live longer and feel better even with cancer still in your body. Your doctor may call this approach palliative care. It will make you more comfortable by improving your symptoms such as pain, nausea, and coughing. You can also get palliative care along with other treatments such as chemotherapy.