laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What are symptoms of black hairy tongue?
output: Other than the appearance of the tongue, most people with black hairy tongue don't have any symptoms or feel any discomfort. The exception is when there is too much growth of the yeast Candida albicans, which can cause a burning sensation on the tongue. This burning sensation is called glossopyrosis. Some people complain of a tickling feeling in the back of the roof of the mouth, a metallic taste in their mouth, or nausea. In more severe cases, the condition may lead to a gagging feeling. Sometimes, food getting caught inside the extra-long papillae can cause bad breath.
system: What can cause black hairy tongue?
output: Black hairy tongue is caused by bacteria or fungi in the mouth, which make the tongue appear black and hairy. It's easily remedied by good old-fashioned oral hygiene.
system: Who's most likely to get balck hairy tongue?
output: They include: poor oral hygiene smoking tobacco drinking a lot of coffee or tea using antibiotics (which may disrupt the normal balance of bacteria in the mouth) being dehydrated taking medications that contain the chemical bismuth (such as Pepto- Bismol for upset stomach) not producing enough saliva regularly using mouthwash that contains peroxide, witch hazel, or menthol getting radiation therapy to the head and neck Black hairy tongue is more common in men, people who use intravenous drugs, and those who are HIV-positive.
system: When should you call your doctor or dentist about black hairy tongue?
output: Call your doctor or dentist if the problem doesn't get better on its own. Your doctor may prescribe antibiotics or an antifungal drug to get rid of the bacteria or yeast. Topical medications, such as tretinoin ( Retin- A), are also sometimes prescribed. As a last resort, if the problem doesn't improve, the papillae can be surgically clipped off with a laser or electrosurgery.
system: How do you get black hairy tongue?
output: Black hairy tongue is caused by bacteria or fungi in the mouth, which make the tongue appear black and hairy. They include: poor oral hygiene smoking tobacco drinking a lot of coffee or tea using antibiotics (which may disrupt the normal balance of bacteria in the mouth) being dehydrated taking medications that contain the chemical bismuth (such as Pepto- Bismol for upset stomach) not producing enough saliva regularly using mouthwash that contains peroxide, witch hazel, or menthol getting radiation therapy to the head and neck Black hairy tongue is more common in men, people who use intravenous drugs, and those who are HIV-positive.
system: How does black hairy tongue happen?
output: Black hairy tongue is caused by bacteria or fungi in the mouth, which make the tongue appear black and hairy. The bacteria build up on tiny rounded projections called papillae. These lie along the surface of the tongue. Instead of shedding as they normally do, the papillae start to grow and lengthen, creating hair-like projections. They can grow to 15 times their normal length.
system: What causes canal dehiscence syndrome?
output: A few things can cause SSCD, including: A gene passed down from your parents that kept the bone in that area from growing thick enough An infectious disease Some form of trauma that damaged the bone You can get SSCD in either ear. Some people have it in both. When that's the case, one ear typically causes more symptoms than the other.
system: What is canal dehiscence syndrome?
output: This disorder, also called superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome ( SSCD), affects your balance and hearing. " Dehiscence" is another word for hole. If you have SSCD, you have a hole or a very thin place in the bone in your ear that helps your body balance itself. It also can cause problems with the way sound comes into your ear. People usually discover they have it in their 40s.
system: What are treatments for canal dehiscence syndrome?
output: This disorder, also called superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome ( SSCD), affects your balance and hearing. " If you have SSCD, you have a hole or a very thin place in the bone in your ear that helps your body balance itself. If your symptoms are minor, you may be able to simply avoid triggers, such as loud noises or altitude changes. If you have hearing loss as a result of your SSCD, your doctor may suggest hearing aids. If some symptoms are severe - like oscillopsia, balance issues, or autophony -- your doctor may suggest surgery. The most common surgery used to treat SSCD is called middle cranial fossa approach. A doctor takes some of your tissue or a small piece of bone from your skull and plugs the hole.
system: What are symptoms of canal dehiscence syndrome?
output: This disorder, also called superior semicircular canal dehiscence syndrome ( SSCD), affects your balance and hearing. " When you have SSCD, you might have one or more of the following: Echoes of sounds in your ear, like when you eat or talk (called autophony) Fullness in your ears Hearing loss Internal noises, like your heartbeat, that are louder than normal Quick side to side or up and down movements of your eyes (called nystagmus) Ringing in your ears Sound of your pulse in your ears Unsteadiness Vertigo or dizziness These symptoms can be triggered when you: Cough or sneeze Feel pressure changes Hear loud sounds Lift heavy objects Strain SSCD also can cause a condition that makes your brain think objects are moving when they're actually sitting still.
system: How should you clean the wound for cuts on children?
output: Your child is bleeding heavily. Clean the area around the wound with mild soap and water.
system: How is a fecal elastase test used to diagnose EPI?
output: The lab will check it for an enzyme your pancreas makes to help your body digest protein, called elastase. If you have EPI, the amount might be less concentrated than normal. 3-day fecal test. You'll need to collect samples of your stool in special containers for about 3 days and give them to your doctor.
system: How is blood work used to diagnose EPI?
output: Your doctor will take a sample of your blood and send it to a lab to check it for anemia, a condition in which your body doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells. The lab will also test your blood for vitamin B12, iron, and folate. If the levels are too low, that can mean EPI is keeping your body from absorbing these nutrients. The lab might also look for a chemical your pancreas makes to help with digestion called trypsinogen. A level that's too high is a sign of a problem.
system: How does a CT scan help dianose EPI?
output: It takes special X-rays that show your tissues and blood vessels, along with your bones. You'll lie on a padded table that slides you up so the machine is over your upper tummy. The doctor may take one set of images and then ask you to drink a kind of dye (they'll call it contrast) to get a better picture of the area. Tell your doctor if you've had a bad reaction to the dye in the past or if you're allergic to shellfish, like shrimp, crab, lobster, oysters, scallops, clams, or mussels. A basic scan takes about 10-15 minutes, but if you need contrast, you'll be there longer.
system: How deos endscopic  ultrasound help diagnose EPI?
output: In a hospital, doctors will put a thin tube in your mouth, down through your stomach, and into the first part of your small intestine. At the tip is an ultrasound probe that gives off sound waves. They help make a picture of the inside of your body, which doctors can see on a screen. You might be asleep or awake for the test, but you'll get medicine to make you more comfortable. The test usually takes 20 to 45 minutes, and you won't need to stay in the hospital overnight. During this test, your doctor can also take a small piece of your tissue to study under a microscope -- if he needs one. You won't have to stay overnight in the hospital.
system: What is a 3-day fecal test?
output: The lab will also test your blood for vitamin B12, iron, and folate. You'll give your doctor a solid stool sample.
system: How can MRI and MRCP help diagnose EPI?
output: You'll lie on a padded table that slides you up so the machine is over your upper tummy. MRI and MRCP. You'll be awake for it, but if you get anxious in small, tight spaces, the doctor might give you a drug to help you relax. You won't have to stay overnight in the hospital. An MRCP is a special kind of MRI that focuses on your bile ducts and ducts in your pancreas. The MRI takes about 35 minutes. The MRCP takes about 10 minutes.
system: How can you feel better from menstrual cramps?
output: You should also: Rest when needed. Avoid foods that contain caffeine and salt. Not use tobacco or drink alcohol Massage your lower back and abdomen.
system: What are the symptoms of menstrual cramps?
output: Your doctor may call your cramps âdysmenorrhea.â Chances are, you know all too well how it feels. You may have: Aching pain in your belly (sometimes severe) Feeling of pressure in your belly Pain in the hips, lower back, and inner thighs When cramps are severe, symptoms may include: Upset stomach, sometimes with vomiting Loose stools Menstrual cramps happen because of contractions in the uterus, or womb, which is a muscle.
system: What medications can you take to treat menstrual cramps?
output: If these steps do not relieve pain, tell your doctor, in case you need medicines such as: Ibuprofen (higher dose than is available over the counter) or other prescription pain relievers Oral contraceptives ( Women taking birth control pills have less menstrual pain.)
system: What causes menstrual cramps?
output: You may have: Aching pain in your belly (sometimes severe) Feeling of pressure in your belly Pain in the hips, lower back, and inner thighs When cramps are severe, symptoms may include: Upset stomach, sometimes with vomiting Loose stools Menstrual cramps happen because of contractions in the uterus, or womb, which is a muscle. If it contracts too strongly during your menstrual cycle, it can press against nearby blood vessels. This briefly cuts off the supply of oxygen to the uterus. It's this lack of oxygen causes your pain and cramping.
system: When should you call your doctor about menstrual cramps?
output: If you have mild menstrual cramps, take aspirin or another pain reliever, such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen. Several conditions can cause it: Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue lining the uterus (the endometrium) is found outside of the uterus. Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and menstrual cycles. You'll get a pelvic exam, in which your doctor will use a tool called a speculum to see into your vagina and cervix. She may take a small sample of vaginal fluid for testing, and use her fingers to check your uterus and ovaries for anything that doesn't feel normal. If it turns out that your cramps aren't due to your period, you might need other tests to find the right treatment.
system: What causes secondary dysmenorrhea?
output: Primary dysmenorrhea means that your cramps are due to your cycle. Several conditions can cause it: Endometriosis is a condition in which the tissue lining the uterus (the endometrium) is found outside of the uterus. Pelvic inflammatory disease ( PID) is an infection caused by bacteria that starts in the uterus and can spread to other reproductive organs. Stenosis (narrowing) of the cervix , which is the lower part of the uterus, can be caused by scarring, as well as a lack of estrogen after menopause. The inner wall of the uterus may have fibroids (growths). If it turns out that your cramps aren't due to your period, you might need other tests to find the right treatment.
system: What you can do to help with menstrual cramps?
output: If you have mild menstrual cramps, take aspirin or another pain reliever, such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen. Heat can also help. Place a heating pad or hot water bottle on your lower back or tummy. Taking a warm bath may also provide some relief. If you have severe or unusual menstrual cramps, or cramping that lasts for more than 2 or 3 days, tell your doctor.
system: How is psychotic depression different from major or clinical nonpsychotic depression?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } According to the National Institute of Mental Health, a person who is psychotic is out of touch with reality. People with psychosis may hear "voices." Or they may have strange and illogical ideas. For example, they may think that others can hear their thoughts or are trying to harm them. Or they might think they are possessed by the devil or are wanted by the police for having committed a crime that they really did not commit. People with psychotic depression may get angry for no apparent reason. Or they may spend a lot of time by themselves or in bed, sleeping during the day and staying awake at night. A person with psychotic depression may neglect appearance by not bathing or changing clothes. Or that person may be hard to talk to. Perhaps he or she barely talks or else says things that make no sense. People with other mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, also experience psychosis. But those with psychotic depression usually have delusions or hallucinations that are consistent with themes about depression (such as worthlessness or failure), whereas psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia are more often bizarre or implausible and have no obvious connection to a mood state (for example, thinking strangers are following them for no reason other than to harass them). People with psychotic depression also may be humiliated or ashamed of the thoughts and try to hide them. Doing so makes this type of depression very difficult to diagnose.
system: What is psychotic depression?
output: The psychosis could be hallucinations (such as hearing a voice telling you that you are no good or worthless), delusions (such as, intense feelings of worthlessness, failure, or having committed a sin) or some other break with reality. Psychotic depression affects roughly one out of every four people admitted to the hospital for depression. Also, having one episode of psychotic depression increases the chance of bipolar disorder with recurring episodes of psychotic depression, mania, and even suicide.
system: Does treatment for psychotic depression always work?
output: Its treatment is different than for nonpsychotic depression. People are able to recover, usually within several months. But continual medical follow-up may be necessary. If the medications do not work to end the psychosis and depression, sometimes electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT) is used. It's important for the patient to work with the doctor to find the most effective drugs with the least side effects. Because psychotic depression is quite serious, the risk of suicide is also great.
system: What are the symptoms of swimmer's ear?
output: You may notice things like: Itchy feeling inside your ear Pain in the ear, which can be severe Your ear hurts when you move your head or gently pull on your earlobe Tender inside your ear Fluid drains out of the ear A bad-smelling, yellowish discharge from the ear You don't hear as well (things sound muffled) Always check with your doctor if you see any signs of an ear infection.
system: When should you call your doctor about swimmer's ear?
output: You may notice things like: Itchy feeling inside your ear Pain in the ear, which can be severe Your ear hurts when you move your head or gently pull on your earlobe Tender inside your ear Fluid drains out of the ear A bad-smelling, yellowish discharge from the ear You don't hear as well (things sound muffled) Always check with your doctor if you see any signs of an ear infection. Also, call him if you feel dizzy or have ringing in your ears, which means you may have a more serious problem that needs to get checked out by a doctor. Also call your doctor if you have: Severe pain. You may have seborrheic dermatitis or herpes zoster (shingles).
system: When should someone call their doctor about swimmer's ear?
output: You may notice things like: Itchy feeling inside your ear Pain in the ear, which can be severe Your ear hurts when you move your head or gently pull on your earlobe Tender inside your ear Fluid drains out of the ear A bad-smelling, yellowish discharge from the ear You don't hear as well (things sound muffled) Always check with your doctor if you see any signs of an ear infection. Also, call him if you feel dizzy or have ringing in your ears, which means you may have a more serious problem that needs to get checked out by a doctor. Also call your doctor if you have: Severe pain. You may have seborrheic dermatitis or herpes zoster (shingles).
system: What are symptoms of fulminant hepatitis A infection?
output: You could have symptoms like: Spontaneous bleeding or easy bruising Confusion and changes in alertness Liver function that gets worse Yellowing of the skin and eyes that gets worse Make an appointment if you have any of the symptoms and you recently: Traveled out of the country, especially if you went to Mexico, South America, Central America, or anywhere without good sanitation Ate at a restaurant that reported a hepatitis A outbreak Found out someone close to you, like a roommate or caregiver, was diagnosed with hepatitis A Had sex with someone who has hepatitis A Ate raw shellfish Used illegal drugs When you see your doctor, he may spot some more signs that you've got the disease.
system: How long do symptoms of hepatitis A last?
output: How long it lasts can vary from person to person. Symptoms can range from mild to severe. Some things to keep in mind: Mild hepatitis A may last 1 to 2 weeks. Most people are much better within 3 weeks. Young children who get symptoms usually get better within 2 months. If you have a severe infection, it can cause problems for several months. You may need to stay in the hospital. Some people have symptoms that can last more than 3 months or have problems that come and go for 3 to 9 months.
system: What are symptoms of hepatitis A?
output: The best way to cut your risk of getting sick is to wash your hands: Before you eat After you use the bathroom or handle a dirty diaper You can get the first symptoms anytime between 15 and 50 days after you came in contact with the virus. Most people with hepatitis A usually have sudden: Extreme tiredness Loss of appetite Muscle aches and pains Nausea and vomiting Low-grade fever Several days later, some symptoms of liver problems can show up. It's possible you might not have any symptoms. Most children under age 6 with hep A don't have any.
system: What are baby talk milestones?
output: Before babies learn to talk in a real language -- English, say, or Spanish -- they babble and coo, playing with sound. At 3 months, your baby listens to your voice, watches your face as you talk, and turns toward other voices, sounds, and music that can be heard around the home. By the end of three months, babies begin "cooing" -- a happy, gentle, repetitive, sing-song vocalization. Baby talk at 6 months. For example, your baby may say "ba-ba" or "da-da." By the end of the sixth or seventh month, babies respond to their own names, recognize their native language, and use their tone of voice to tell you they're happy or upset. After 9 months, babies can understand a few basic words like "no" and "bye-bye." Most babies say a few simple words like "mama" and "dadda" by the end of 12 months -- and now know what they're saying. They respond to -- or at least understand, if not obey -- your short, one-step requests such as, " Please put that down." Baby talk at 18 months. They repeat words or sounds they hear you say, like the last word in a sentence. By age 2, babies string together a few words in short phrases of two to four words, such as " Mommy bye-bye" or "me milk." They're learning that words mean more than objects like "cup" -- they also mean abstract ideas like "mine." By the time your baby is age 3, his or her vocabulary expands rapidly, and "make-believe" play spurs an understanding of symbolic and abstract language like "now," feelings like "sad," and spatial concepts like "in."
system: What is the meaning of baby talk?
output: Before babies learn to talk in a real language -- English, say, or Spanish -- they babble and coo, playing with sound. That's baby talk, and baby talk sounds similar the world over. Critical milestones for a baby learning to talk happen in the first three years of life, when a baby's brain is rapidly developing. During that time, your baby's speech development depends on your "baby talk" skills as well as your baby's.
system: What can I do to help my baby talk?
output: By the end of the sixth or seventh month, babies respond to their own names, recognize their native language, and use their tone of voice to tell you they're happy or upset. Babies understand what you're saying long before they can clearly speak. You can help your baby learn to talk if you: Watch. Smile and applaud even the smallest or most confusing attempts at baby talk. Babies learn the power of speech by the reactions of adults around them. Talk about what you're doing as you wash, dress, feed, and change your baby -- " Let's put on these blue socks now" or " I'm cutting up your chicken for you" -- so your baby connects your speech to these objects and experiences. Encourage children to play, pretend, and imagine out loud to develop verbal skills as they become toddlers. Read aloud. Encourage your baby's first words with your frequent cooing, babbling, talking, and singing.
system: Should I get comfortable if I have psoriasis?
output: As you get ready to do your hair and makeup, think about how you're feeling. For example, if your hips or knees hurt, try sitting down in front of a mirror rather than standing in front of a sink vanity.
system: Should I give myself time to get ready for the day if I have psoriasis?
output: If you're rushing, you're more likely to move in ways that cause more pain. Build in extra time in the morning so you can move at a speed that feels good.
system: Should I take a warm shower if I have psoriasis?
output: Heat boosts blood flow. That can help ease stiff, painful joints. You may feel less sore and more flexible if you shower before starting your day. If you have psoriasis plaques on your skin, don't take a super long or hot shower. That can make skin flare-ups worse.
system: What kinds of grooming prodcuts should I choose if I have psoriasis?
output: If you have trouble applying liquid foundation, think about a switch to powder. You can put it on with a wide-handled makeup brush. Get extra-wide lip-gloss tubes and makeup pencils. Hairbrushes with longer handles can make it easier to reach the back of your head.
system: What can make getting ready in the morning easier if I have psoriatic arthritis?
output: As you get ready to do your hair and makeup, think about how you're feeling. In the shower, use a moisturizing body wash so you don't have apply moisturizer again when you get out of the shower. If you have trouble applying liquid foundation, think about a switch to powder. You can put it on with a wide-handled makeup brush. Get extra-wide lip-gloss tubes and makeup pencils. Hairbrushes with longer handles can make it easier to reach the back of your head.
system: How do you treat a sore throat with a cold?
output: In addition to a sore throat, other common cold symptoms include: Runny nose Sneezing Cough Mild headache Mild body aches Fever Although there is no cure for a sore throat caused by a cold virus, there are ways to help you feel more comfortable. Drinking warm liquids, gargling with warm salt water, sucking on ice chips, or taking an over-the-counter medicine may relieve symptoms of pain or fever.