laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What are the three basic types of inhalers?
output: There are three basic types: Hydrofluoroalkane inhalers or HFA (formerly metered dose inhaler or MDI) Dry powder inhalers ( DPI) Soft mist inhalers ( SMI) HFAs contain a liquid medication that you get through an aerosol spray. These machines change a liquid medicine into a mist that you inhale into your lungs.
system: What are the risks of arginine supplementation?
output: In clinical trials, arginine has been used safely with minor side effects for up to three months. Possible side effects include abdominal pain and bloating, diarrhea, and gout. It may also cause a worsening of breathing in people with asthma. Arginine may interact with certain medications that lower blood pressure. It may also interact with certain heart medications and drugs such as Viagra that treat erectile dysfunction.
system: What are heart benefits of arginine?
output: In the body, the amino acid arginine changes into nitric oxide ( NO). Nitric oxide is a powerful neurotransmitter that helps blood vessels relax and also improves circulation. Some evidence shows that arginine may help improve blood flow in the arteries of the heart. That may improve symptoms of clogged arteries, chest pain or angina, and coronary artery disease. However, there currently is no data on how the long-term use of arginine affects cholesterol or heart health.
system: What are considerations regarding the arginine supplementation?
output: Not all studies on arginine have been positive. A 2006 study showed that arginine was not helpful -- and may have been harmful -- for treating heart attacks in combination with standard treatment.
system: How much arginine is needed daily?
output: There is no recommended daily amount established for arginine, because the human body normally makes enough. If taken as a supplement, higher doses of arginine are often needed, and up to 1200 mg per day have been shown to be helpful. Before taking it, discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.
system: What are other potential health benefits of arginine?
output: Arginine, also known as L-arginine, is involved in a number of different functions in the body. Some evidence shows that arginine may help improve blood flow in the arteries of the heart. Not all studies on arginine have been positive.
system: Why do we need arginine?
output: It's abundant in many different types of foods, and your body can also make it. They include: Wound healing Helping the kidneys remove waste products from the body Maintaining immune and hormone function Dilates and relaxes the arteries As a natural dietary supplement, arginine has garnered particular attention for its possible heart benefits.
system: What is the best way to take care of the skin on the hands when treating eczema?
output: If you have eczema on your hands, put on a layer of cream every time you wash them. Also put cream on your hands just before you go to bed. Then cover your hands with a pair of cotton gloves to help the cream absorb into your skin while you sleep.
system: What are some gentle bathing tips for eczema skin?
output: The best ways to relieve eczema damage and heal faster are to moisturize and take extra care to protect your skin. Eczema prevents your skin from holding in water. Skip the soap and instead use gentle scent- and dye-free cleansing products. Emollient soap substitutes and bath oils clean as well as soap and are less irritating. Wash your skin gently. Don't scrub. Pat off water gently after your shower and seal in moisture right away with a thick cream or ointment.
system: When is the best time to apply product to the affected skin?
output: Also, moisturize during the day whenever your skin feels dry. Pat off water gently after your shower and seal in moisture right away with a thick cream or ointment.
system: What is the best way to relieve eczema damage?
output: That means your skin dries out more quickly and breaks open more easily than usual. It reduces the itch and helps your skin heal faster. These medicines stop the itch that makes you want to scratch.
system: Who is at risk for histoplasmosis?
output: Disseminated disease is more frequently seen in people with cancer or AIDS or those on drugs that suppress the immune system, such as TNF blockers like infliximab ( Remicade) or steroids. Severe cases of acute histoplasmosis and all cases of chronic and disseminated disease are treated with antifungal medications, sometimes for life in those with compromised immune systems.
system: What are the side effects of ACE inhibitors?
output: Red, itchy skin rash: Call your doctor. Don't treat the rash yourself. Dizziness , lightheadedness, or faintness upon rising: These may be strongest after the first dose, especially if you have been taking a diuretic (water pill). Get up more slowly. Call your doctor if these symptoms persist or are severe. Salty or metallic taste and a decreased ability to taste: This effect usually goes away as you continue taking the medication. Cough: If this symptom persists or is severe, call your doctor. Otherwise, ask him what type of cough medicine you may use.
system: How do I take ACE inhibitors?
output: Examples of them include: Benazepril ( Lotensin) Captopril ( Capoten) Enalapril ( Vasotec) Fosinopril ( Monopril) Lisinopril ( Prinivil, Zestril) Moexipril ( Univasc) Perindopril ( Aceon) Quinapril ( Accupril) Ramipril ( Altace) Trandolapril ( Mavik) They're usually taken on an empty stomach an hour before meals. Follow the label on how often to take them. The number of doses you take each day, the time between doses, and how long you'll take your ACE inhibitor will depend on what you were prescribed as well as your condition.
system: What are some examples of ACE inhibitors to treat heart failure?
output: Examples of them include: Benazepril ( Lotensin) Captopril ( Capoten) Enalapril ( Vasotec) Fosinopril ( Monopril) Lisinopril ( Prinivil, Zestril) Moexipril ( Univasc) Perindopril ( Aceon) Quinapril ( Accupril) Ramipril ( Altace) Trandolapril ( Mavik) They're usually taken on an empty stomach an hour before meals.
system: When should you call the doctor right away about side effects of ACE inhibitors?
output: If you have any of the following side effects, call your doctor right away: Sore throat Fever Mouth sores Unusual bruising Fast or irregular heartbeat Chest pain Swelling of feet, ankles, or lower legs Confusion Nervousness Numbness or tingling in hands, feet, or lips Shortness of breath or trouble breathing Weakness or heaviness in legs If you have swelling of your neck, face, or tongue , get emergency medical help immediately. Call 9-1-1 or go to the nearest emergency room.
system: How do I take ACE inhibitors for heart failure?
output: Examples of them include: Benazepril ( Lotensin) Captopril ( Capoten) Enalapril ( Vasotec) Fosinopril ( Monopril) Lisinopril ( Prinivil, Zestril) Moexipril ( Univasc) Perindopril ( Aceon) Quinapril ( Accupril) Ramipril ( Altace) Trandolapril ( Mavik) They're usually taken on an empty stomach an hour before meals. Follow the label on how often to take them. The number of doses you take each day, the time between doses, and how long you'll take your ACE inhibitor will depend on what you were prescribed as well as your condition.
system: Should I avoid certain foods or medicine while taking ACE inhibitors?
output: These include: Salt substitutes: They have potassium, and ACE inhibitors make your body retain potassium. Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs (like aspirin, ibuprofen , and naproxen ): These may cause your body to retain sodium and water and decrease the effect of an ACE inhibitor. Check with your doctor before taking any anti-inflammatory drugs. It is important that your doctor know about all the medicines you're taking, as some may interact with ACE inhibitors. Talk to your doctor before taking any new medication, including over-the-counter drugs, herbs, and supplements.
system: What foods and medicines should you avoid while taking ACE inhibitors?
output: These include: Salt substitutes: They have potassium, and ACE inhibitors make your body retain potassium. Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs (like aspirin, ibuprofen , and naproxen ): These may cause your body to retain sodium and water and decrease the effect of an ACE inhibitor. Check with your doctor before taking any anti-inflammatory drugs.
system: When should you call your doctor about the side effects of ACE inhibitors?
output: If you have any of the following side effects, call your doctor right away: Sore throat Fever Mouth sores Unusual bruising Fast or irregular heartbeat Chest pain Swelling of feet, ankles, or lower legs Confusion Nervousness Numbness or tingling in hands, feet, or lips Shortness of breath or trouble breathing Weakness or heaviness in legs If you have swelling of your neck, face, or tongue , get emergency medical help immediately. Call 9-1-1 or go to the nearest emergency room. If you become sick with severe vomiting or diarrhea, you may become dehydrated, which can lead to low blood pressure. Call your doctor. Also contact your doctor if you have any other symptoms that cause concern.
system: How do ACE inhibitors work to treat heart failure?
output: They also help block a substance in the blood called angiotensin that is made as a result of heart failure. Angiotensin is one of the most powerful blood vessel narrowers in the body. ACE inhibitors are critical in the treatment of heart failure. They are also used to control high blood pressure, prevent kidney damage from diabetes, and prevent more heart damage after a heart attack. Your heart failure symptoms may not improve right away when taking ACE inhibitors. But long-term use of ACE inhibitors helps manage chronic heart failure and reduces the risk that it will get worse.
system: What are some of the common side effects of ACE inhibitors?
output: Don't treat the rash yourself. Dizziness , lightheadedness, or faintness upon rising: These may be strongest after the first dose, especially if you have been taking a diuretic (water pill). Call your doctor if these symptoms persist or are severe. Call your doctor.
system: Should you tell your doctor about all medications you are taking while taking ACE inhibitors?
output: Check with your doctor before taking any anti-inflammatory drugs. Never stop taking your medication, even if you feel that it is not working.
system: What are some other guidelines for taking ACE inhibitors?
output: Call your doctor. Never stop taking your medication, even if you feel that it is not working. Your heart failure symptoms may not improve right away when taking ACE inhibitors.
system: Where on food labels should I check for trans fats?
output: Check the Nutrition Facts label and the ingredient list. If the Nutrition Facts label says the product has "0 g trans fat," that doesn't necessarily mean it has no trans fats. It could have up to half a gram of trans fats per serving. So check the ingredient label to see if "partially hydrogenated oils" is on the list. Those are trans fats.
system: Why do I need to check food labels for trans fats?
output: You might have seen those trans fats listed as "partially hydrogenated oils." While food companies slowly remove trans fats from their products, you still need to check labels.
system: How can I keep from spreading the flu when I am sick?
output: Stay away from family members, colleagues, and friends. You're contagious 1 day before symptoms start and for 5-7 days after symptoms start.
system: How much sleep do I need if I have the flu?
output: Your body needs extra downtime to fight the viral infection. Aim for 7 to 9 hours of shuteye a night.
system: Should I treat congestion when I have the flu?
output: That stuffy nose is best treated mildly or not at all. A decongestant slows the flow to the blood vessels in your nose and throat. But often you want an increased blood flow because it warms the infected area and helps all that gunk clear the germs from your body.
system: Can dietary supplements ease flu symptoms?
output: Many dietary supplements get credit for easing flu symptoms, but there's no proof they work. Talk to your doctor before you try any. Some natural herbal products can cause allergic reactions. Others may not work well with prescription medications you're taking. A few can even cause liver damage, so be careful.
system: Why do you get a cough when you have the flu?
output: It helps clear the thick mucus in your airways that carry germs to your lungs and the rest of your body.
system: Does gargling help with a sore throat?
output: It can moisten a flaming throat and bring short-term relief. Dissolve a teaspoon of salt in warm water and gargle with this mix four times a day. You can also try a thick mix made with honey, a popular folk treatment. Steep 1 tablespoon of raspberry leaves or lemon juice in 2 cups of hot water; mix with 1 teaspoon of honey. Let the liquid cool to room temperature before you gargle.
system: How can I treat congestion naturally?
output: One natural remedy is to drink more water. It makes mucus thinner and easier to get rid of when you cough or blow. Your sinuses drain better when you're not all dried out, and if the stuff in them is moving, it's less likely to get infected.
system: How can I soothe a dry cough naturally?
output: So if you run a slight fever for a day or two, you could get well faster. Hot drinks also open your chest and head. Plus they count toward all that liquid you're supposed to be drinking every day. Make a cup of hot herbal tea and add a teaspoon of honey if you like it sweet. Keep the flu to yourself.
system: Does everyone who gets sudden drops in blood pressure have heart failure?
output: This doesn't mean that everyone who gets sudden drops in blood pressure has -- or will have -- heart failure. Scientists need to do more research before they understand the connection and if it can predict the problem later on.
system: Why might your blood pressure drop when you stand up?
output: Some people who have it won't notice it, but most commonly, you'll have symptoms for a few seconds after you stand, including: Feeling lightheaded or dizzy Blurry vision Weakness Fainting Confusion Nausea Your legs buckle Headaches Chest, head, or neck pain A fast, irregular heartbeat There are many reasons this shift can happen. You might be dehydrated, have low blood sugar, or be taking medication that changes your blood pressure. But some research suggests it could be an early sign that your heart isn't pumping blood as well as it should.
system: What type of diet can help control symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?
output: What you put on your plate may help you manage the way RA makes you feel. Food won't cure your disease, but a meal plan like the Mediterranean diet can lower inflammation and control some of your symptoms.
system: Does diet affect rheumatoid arthritis?
output: What you put on your plate may help you manage the way RA makes you feel. Food won't cure your disease, but a meal plan like the Mediterranean diet can lower inflammation and control some of your symptoms.
system: Does going gluten-free help ease symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: If you decide to give up gluten, RA shouldn't be the reason. There's no evidence that it can improve the condition or ease your symptoms.
system: Why does the Mediterranean diet help treat rheumatoid arthritis?
output: It's loaded with fruits, veggies, whole grains, healthy fats, beans, and fish. These foods have natural chemicals that help keep your inflammation in check. A Mediterranean diet also relies on olive oil, another healthy fat, to take the place of full-fat dairy products like butter. That's good if you have RA because olive oil can also lower levels of the chemicals that cause inflammation. The fruits and vegetables in the Mediterranean diet are full of antioxidants that also help curb inflammation.
system: How does going gluten free help rheumatoid arthritis?
output: If you decide to give up gluten, RA shouldn't be the reason. There's no evidence that it can improve the condition or ease your symptoms. Gluten is a protein found in wheat, rye, and barley, and in many packaged and restaurant foods. If you have celiac disease and eat gluten, your small intestine gets inflamed, so you can't absorb some nutrients. RA is separate from that, and it has different causes. If you want to ditch gluten, talk to your doctor or a dietitian for tips so you get all the nutrients you need.
system: What are some additional benefits of the Mediterranean diet for rheumatoid arthritis?
output: That's good if you have RA because olive oil can also lower levels of the chemicals that cause inflammation. The fruits and vegetables in the Mediterranean diet are full of antioxidants that also help curb inflammation. To change things up, add spices like turmeric and ginger. These spices aren't part of the Mediterranean diet, but studies show they naturally lower inflammation. If you take blood thinners, talk to you doctor first, since turmeric can prevent blood from clotting. Red wine is a classic part of this eating plan, but check with your doctor to see if it's OK for you. If you take methotrexate, you should avoid alcohol because it increases the chance of liver damage.
system: Can primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) cause weak bones?
output: Weak bones: Your bones could become thin, weak, and easier to break. You could get osteoporosis. Your doctor will prescribe calcium and vitamin D to help keep your bones strong and prevent problems.
system: Can primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) cause enlarged veins?
output: Enlarged veins: When blood can't flow freely through your portal vein, it can back up elsewhere, especially your stomach and esophagus. That leads to more pressure in your veins, which can trigger bleeding and enlarged blood vessels, called varices. This is serious, and you'd need to see a doctor right away.
system: How can primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) cause gallstone and bile duct stones?
output: Gallstone and bile duct stones: When bile backs up and can't flow through the ducts, it can harden and turn into stones. You could also get stones if bile can't flow easily to and from your gallbladder. They're often painful and can lead to infections.
system: Can primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) cause portal hypertension?
output: Some of those issues include: Portal hypertension: Your portal vein carries blood from your stomach, intestines, spleen, gallbladder, and pancreas to your liver. Scar tissue from cholangitis blocks normal circulation and can boost pressure in your portal vein. If there's too much, you could get a serious infection called bacterial peritonitis.
system: What is involved in stage III prostate cancer?
output: Stage IIIB The cancer has spread outside the prostate but hasn't made it to the lymph nodes or to distant sites in the body. The Gleason score is 8 or less and the PSA is any level.
system: How will my doctor know what medication will help treat my prostate cancer?
output: Generally speaking, the higher your Gleason score, the more aggressive the cancer. That means it's more likely to grow and spread to other parts of your body. Doctors use this information, along with the stage of the cancer, to choose the best treatment for you.
system: How does the staging system work to diagnose my prostate cancer?
output: TNM System T ( Tumor): The extent of the primary tumor is determined by describing its size and location. If the tumor can't be assessed, the stage is TX. If no tumor is found, the stage is T0. As the size and spread increase, so does the stage -- T1, T2, T3, or T4. In addition to the basic categories, doctors may use subcategories like T1a or T1b to add more description. N ( Nodes): This determines if the cancer has spread to the lymph nodes near your bladder. If the nodes can't be assessed, the stage is NX. If no nodes are affected, the stage is N0. If there is cancer in the nodes, a number is placed after the N (such as N1, N2, or N3) indicating the number, size and location of nearby lymph nodes involved. M ( Metastasis): The cancer has either spread to the bones or other organs ( M1) or hasn't ( M0). Doctors may also use subsets like M1a for distant lymph nodes or M1b for bones, or M1c for other sites.
system: How can I find out how aggressive my prostate cancer is?
output: Doctors add your primary and secondary numbers together to form your total Gleason score. That tells you how aggressive the cancer is. The lowest score for a cancer is 6, which is a low-grade cancer. A Gleason score of 7 is a medium-grade cancer, and a score of 8, 9, or 10 is a high-grade cancer.
system: What happens during a biopsy for prostate cancer?
output: He'll insert a thin, a hollow needle through the wall of your rectum and remove about a dozen tiny pieces of prostate tissue. The procedure, which only takes about 10 minutes, may cause some discomfort, but not serious pain.
system: What is involved in stage I prostate cancer?
output: Stage I The cancer is growing in your prostate, but hasn't yet spread beyond it. In most cases, the tumor can't be felt during a digital rectal exam ( DRE) or seen in imaging tests. The Gleason score is 6 or less and the PSA level is less than 10. The tumor is in one-half or less of only one side of the prostate.
system: What does cancer look like in a biopsy for prostate cancer?
output: Cancer cells don't look the same as healthy cells. The more different they appear, the more aggressive the cancer tends to be.
system: How can my doctor tell how advanced my prostate cancer is?
output: Doctors combine the T, N, and M results with the Gleason score (grade) and PSA level in a process called stage grouping. The overall stage is expressed in Roman numerals from I (the least advanced) to IV (the furthest along). Doctors use the stage to help determine the best course of treatment for you.
system: What test will tell me if I have prostate cancer?
output: If the results of your prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) test or digital rectal exam ( DRE) suggest that you may have prostate cancer, your doctor will perform a biopsy to find out for sure.
system: What happens after my biopsy test for prostate cancer?
output: If the results of your prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) test or digital rectal exam ( DRE) suggest that you may have prostate cancer, your doctor will perform a biopsy to find out for sure. If she finds cancer, she'll grade it using a method called the Gleason Scoring System.
system: What is involved in stage IV prostate cancer?
output: The Gleason score is 8 or less and the PSA is any level. Stage IV A The cancer has or has not spread to tissues outside the prostate.
system: How does my doctor know if my prostate cancer has spread?
output: The Gleason system uses the numbers 1 to 5 to grade the most common (primary) and second most common (secondary) patterns of cells found in a tissue sample. That tells you how aggressive the cancer is. It uses a number system to show how big the tumor is and how far the cancer has spread.
system: How can my biopsy indicate that I have prostate cancer?
output: The Gleason system uses the numbers 1 to 5 to grade the most common (primary) and second most common (secondary) patterns of cells found in a tissue sample. Grade 5: Most cells look very different from normal.