laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: Can trichotillomania be prevented?
output: People who have trichotillomania have an irresistible urge to pull out their hair, usually from their scalp, eyelashes, and eyebrows. A doctor might refer someone who has symptoms of trichotillomania to a psychiatrist or psychologist, who can interview the person and see if they might have an impulse control disorder. There is no proven way to prevent trichotillomania, but getting treatment as soon as symptoms start can be a big help. Learning stress management is also a good idea, since stress often triggers the hair-pulling behavior.
system: What aerobic exercises can you do to help relieve rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Walking: Daily walks are an easy way to get into the exercise groove. Start with slow and short strolls if you're new to regular exercise. Then work up to longer, faster walks as you get stronger. Be sure to stretch before you start and after you finish. Drink plenty of water, too. Cycling: A stationary bike takes away your risk of a fall. Again, start slowly if you're a beginner, and go faster as you get better. Swimming: Water workouts are great when you have RA. They take weight off your joints. They also raise your heart rate. Water also acts as resistance against your muscles. That can make you stronger. You can swim laps or join a water aerobics class. Use water weights for some more muscle work.
system: Does exercise help with rheumatoid arthritis?
output: It can also improve your heart health. That'll make you better equipped to deal with complications that may crop up. Other benefits of regular exercise include: Less pain More stability in your joints More energy Improved physical function and performance Better bone health Improved quality of life To ease joint stiffness and widen your range of motion, you need to stretch your muscles.
system: How can you do stretches to help with rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Leg/hamstring stretch: While standing, lean forward as far as you comfortably can and reach toward your toes. Make sure you bend your knees a little to keep your legs soft. Hold it for 10-20 seconds. Finger/wrist stretch: Bend your fingers forward, then backward, holding each stretch for 10â20 seconds each time. Then do the same with your hand to stretch your wrist muscles. Cross-body arm stretch: Put your arm across the front of your body and gently hold it for 10-20 seconds, then switch to the other arm. Next, reach up to the sky with one arm and then the other, tilting each arm slightly over your head to stretch your shoulders. Neck stretches: Drop your head forward gently, and then roll it slowly toward one shoulder and back toward the other.
system: How is stretching helpful for rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Other benefits of regular exercise include: Less pain More stability in your joints More energy Improved physical function and performance Better bone health Improved quality of life To ease joint stiffness and widen your range of motion, you need to stretch your muscles. Morning is a good time for gentle stretching or yoga. It's also a good idea any time before exercise.
system: What strength exercises can you do to help with rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Abdominal contractions: To do this isometric exercise, lie on your back and put your hands on your stomach muscles. Lift your head and hold it. You can continue this exercise by squeezing the muscles that lifted your head without actually picking it up, too. Palm press: This is isometric, too. Hold your hands so they face each other. One hand should have fingertips up and the other should have fingertips down. Press your palms together and hold. Bicep lifts: While you sit in a chair with your arms resting on your thighs palms up, hold light weights in your hands. Then, raise them toward your shoulders, bending at the elbow. Seated knee lift: With a resistance band over your legs in a seated position, raise one leg slowly, then switch sides.
system: What are the benefits of exercise for rheumatoid arthritis?
output: Other benefits of regular exercise include: Less pain More stability in your joints More energy Improved physical function and performance Better bone health Improved quality of life To ease joint stiffness and widen your range of motion, you need to stretch your muscles.
system: What is the meaning of M, m, D, d for bipolar spectrum disorders?
output: It gained new life in the 1970s after a leading psychiatrist proposed classifying mood symptoms as follows: Upper-case " M": Episodes of full-blown mania Lower-case "m": Episodes of mild mania (hypomania) Upper-case " D": Major depressive episodes Lower-case "d": Less-severe symptoms of depression Under this proposed classification, people are described by the combination of their manic and depressive symptoms.
system: What are possible bipolar spectrum conditions?
output: Mental or behavioral conditions that share some common features with bipolar disorder, and are therefore sometimes included within a possible bipolar spectrum, include: Highly recurrent or treatment-resistant depression Impulsive disorders Substance abuse disorders Eating disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia Personality disorders, such as borderline personality disorder Childhood behavioral disorders, such as conduct disorder or disruptive mood dysregulation disorder Researchers are still trying to determine when and how conditions such as these may overlap with bipolar disorder in terms of symptoms, underlying biology, and possible treatment implications.
system: What are overlapping symptoms of bipolar spectrum conditions and bipolar disorder?
output: Symptoms that may overlap between bipolar spectrum conditions and bipolar disorder include: Depression with very sudden or frequent mood swings (seen in many mental conditions) Prolonged irritability (which may be more common in mania than depression) Impulsivity (common during manic episodes) Euphoria and high energy (which can sometimes occur in substance abusers even when they are not intoxicated or "high" from the effects of drugs) Because the cause of bipolar disorder isn't known, it's difficult for experts to know the real overlap between bipolar disorder and a possible broader bipolar spectrum.
system: How can you treat bipolar spectrum disorders?
output: Although these disorders do not meet the diagnostic criteria for bipolar illness, some psychiatrists believe they have something important in common with people with bipolar disorder. These medications are typically anti-seizure medications or antipsychotic medications. Examples include: Lithium Lamictal (lamotrigine) Depakote (divalproex) Tegretol (carbamazepine) Abilify (aripiprazole) Risperdal (risperidone) In bipolar spectrum conditions, these mood stabilizers are generally used as add-on therapies after treating the main mental condition.
system: What is the bipolar spectrum?
output: The bipolar spectrum is a term used to refer to conditions that include not only bipolar disorder as traditionally defined (that is, clear episodes of mania or hypomania as well as depressive syndromes) but also other types of mental conditions that can involve depression or mood swings without manic or hypomanic episodes -- including some impulse control disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, and forms of substance abuse. That includes conditions such as major depressive disorder, impulse control disorders, or some personality disorders.
system: How is pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) diagnosed?
output: These include: Cephalosporins ( Cephalexin, Suprax) Clindamycin ( Cleocin) Fluoroquinolones ( Cipro, Levaquin) Penicillin (amoxicillin, ampicillin) PMC also can be related to: Changes in your diet Chemotherapy Hirschsprung disease (a condition that affects your colon) Kidney disease or kidney failure Malnutrition Recent bowel surgery Shock To find out if you have PMC, you may need one of these tests: Blood test to check your white blood cell count Imaging tests, like an X-ray or CT scan of your lower belly (for serious cases) Stool sample test to check for bacteria in your colon You also may have a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, which are exams that look inside your colon with a thin flexible tube. Your doctor may take a tissue sample during the exam for testing.
system: What are common signs of pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)?
output: The most common signs are: Diarrhea that's watery, foul smelling, or bloody Dehydration Fever Nausea Pus in your stool Stomach cramps See your doctor if you've recently taken antibiotics and have diarrhea. You need medical help any time you have severe diarrhea with stomach cramps or blood or pus in your stool. The good bacteria in your colon usually keep the amount of C. diff in your body under control, but antibiotics can kill the healthy bacteria and let C. diff grow too fast.
system: How can I manage pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) at home?
output: Pseudomembranous colitis ( PMC) is inflammation in your colon that happens when there's too much of certain bacteria in your system. If you're dealing with PMC symptoms, drink plenty of fluids like water or watered-down fruit juice to help flush out your system. Eat soft foods that are easy to digest like applesauce, rice, or bananas. Avoid high-fiber foods like nuts, beans, and veggies. Eat several small meals during the day instead of a few large ones, and stay away from fried, spicy, or fatty foods. They can irritate your stomach and make your symptoms worse. Wash your hands regularly to keep C. diff from spreading and getting back into your system.
system: What conditions can pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)?
output: The good bacteria in your colon usually keep the amount of C. diff in your body under control, but antibiotics can kill the healthy bacteria and let C. diff grow too fast. These include: Cephalosporins ( Cephalexin, Suprax) Clindamycin ( Cleocin) Fluoroquinolones ( Cipro, Levaquin) Penicillin (amoxicillin, ampicillin) PMC also can be related to: Changes in your diet Chemotherapy Hirschsprung disease (a condition that affects your colon) Kidney disease or kidney failure Malnutrition Recent bowel surgery Shock To find out if you have PMC, you may need one of these tests: Blood test to check your white blood cell count Imaging tests, like an X-ray or CT scan of your lower belly (for serious cases) Stool sample test to check for bacteria in your colon You also may have a colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, which are exams that look inside your colon with a thin flexible tube.
system: Who's at most risk for pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)?
output: You're specifically at risk if you: Are over 65 Have been in an intensive-care unit ( ICU) Have burns on your body Have had a C-section or surgeries of the GI tract Have kidney problems Diseases of the colon such as inflammatory bowel disease or colorectal cancer Use chemotherapy drugs Use of drugs called proton-pump inhibitors, which lessen stomach acid Have had a previous C. diff infection It's rare for young children or infants to get PMC. The good bacteria in your colon usually keep the amount of C. diff in your body under control, but antibiotics can kill the healthy bacteria and let C. diff grow too fast.
system: What will you need if your pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) is severe or keeps coming back?
output: The good bacteria in your colon usually keep the amount of C. diff in your body under control, but antibiotics can kill the healthy bacteria and let C. diff grow too fast. If your PMC is severe or keeps coming back, you may need: Extra rounds of antibiotics Fetal microbial transplant ( FMT), during which your doctor puts healthy stool from a donor into your system to help restore good bacteria Surgery to take out part of your colon (less than 1% of people with PMC need this.)
system: Which antibiotics can help with treating pseudomembranous colitis (PMC)?
output: The good bacteria in your colon usually keep the amount of C. diff in your body under control, but antibiotics can kill the healthy bacteria and let C. diff grow too fast. These include: Fidaxomicin ( Dificid) Metronidazole ( Flagyl) Vancomycin You take these medications by mouth, through a vein, or through a tube in your stomach.
system: What happens when I don't raise my blood sugar in time?
output: If you don't treat it in time, it can lead to insulin shock, which can cause you to have a seizure or pass out. Talk to your doctor about whether you need a prescription for a glucagon kit. Glucagon is a hormone you can inject that releases stored glucose into your bloodstream. It can raise your blood sugar if you can't eat or drink.
system: Who should I tell about my diabetes?
output: Prepare for an emergency. Your family members, co-workers, and friends you see often need to be able to help you. Tell them your symptoms of low blood sugar and what types and amounts of food they can give you. If you have emergency glucagon, they should learn how to inject it into your arm, bottom, or thigh, or know to call 911 if you pass out.
system: How can I raise my blood sugar?
output: Always carry quick-sugar foods with you. To raise your blood sugar quickly back to a safe level, you'll need to eat 15 grams of simple carbohydrates. If you don't feel better after you eat and your blood sugar is still low, eat another 15 grams of a quick-sugar food, then retest your glucose. If your next meal is an hour or more away, you'll need to have another snack to keep your blood sugar from dipping again.
system: How do I know if I have low blood sugar?
output: It's called hypoglycemia, and it can happen when your body has too much insulin, or too little food or sugar, called glucose. If you don't treat it in time, it can lead to insulin shock, which can cause you to have a seizure or pass out. You might feel shaky, sweaty, or get a pounding heart. If you don't raise your blood sugar in time, there's a chance you may go into insulin shock, which can be dangerous.
system: Can I get low blood sugar levels while I manage my diabetes?
output: You still could get low blood sugar levels. It's called hypoglycemia, and it can happen when your body has too much insulin, or too little food or sugar, called glucose. You might feel shaky, sweaty, or get a pounding heart. You could notice that you're grumpy or upset. It can raise your blood sugar if you can't eat or drink.
system: What is interstitial lung disease?
output: All interstitial lung diseases affect the interstitium, a part of the lungs' anatomic structure. The interstitium is a lace-like network of tissue that extends throughout both lungs. The interstitium provides support to the lungs' microscopic air sacs (alveoli). Tiny blood vessels travel through the interstitium, allowing gas exchange between blood and the air in the lungs. Normally, the interstitium is so thin it can't be seen on chest X-rays or CT scans.
system: How does inhaled oxygen treat interstitial lung disease?
output: Inhaled oxygen: In people with low oxygen blood levels due to interstitial lung disease, inhaled oxygen may improve symptoms. Regular use of oxygen might also protect the heart from damage caused by low oxygen levels.
system: What causes interstitial lung disease?
output: Bacteria, viruses, and fungi are known to cause interstitial pneumonias. Regular exposures to inhaled irritants at work or during hobbies can also cause some interstitial lung disease. These irritants include: Asbestos Silica dust Talc Coal dust, or various other metal dusts from working in mining Grain dust from farming Bird proteins (such as from exotic birds, chickens, or pigeons) Drugs such as nitrofurantoin, amiodarone, bleomycin, and many others can rarely cause interstitial lung disease. All told, these factors cause a small percentage of interstitial lung disease. The cause of most interstitial lung disease is unknown.
system: What are the symptoms of interstitial lung disease?
output: The most common symptom of all forms of interstitial lung disease is shortness of breath. Nearly all people with interstitial lung disease will experience breathlessness, which may get worse over time. Other symptoms of interstitial lung disease include: Cough, which is usually dry and nonproductive. Weight loss, most often in people with COP or BOOP.
system: Is shortness of breath a symptom of interstitial lung disease?
output: In most forms of interstitial lung disease, the shortness of breath develops slowly (over months). In interstitial pneumonias or acute interstitial pneumonitis, symptoms come on more rapidly (in hours or days).
system: Can a lung transplant treat interstitial lung disease?
output: Lung transplant : In advanced interstitial lung disease causing severe impairment, a lung transplant may be the best option. Most people undergoing lung transplant for interstitial lung disease make large gains in quality of life and their ability to exercise.
system: Who gets interstitial lung disease?
output: Nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis: Interstitial lung disease that's often present with autoimmune conditions (such as rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma). Interstitial lung disease can usually be seen on a CT scan.
system: What body part does tendinitis affect?
output: Tendinitis can occur in almost any area of the body where a tendon connects a bone to a muscle. The most common places are: Base of the thumb Elbow Shoulder Hip Knee Achilles tendon The symptoms of tendinitis include: Pain at the site of the tendon and surrounding area.
system: What do you do it tendinitis doesn't get better?
output: Corticosteroids (often called simply "steroids") are often used because they work quickly to decrease the inflammation and pain. Physical therapy. This can be very beneficial, especially for a "frozen shoulder." Physical therapy includes range-of-motion exercises and splinting (thumb, forearm, bands). Surgery. This is only rarely needed for severe problems not responding to other treatments.
system: When should you see a doctor about tendinitis?
output: You should see your doctor if you experience any of the following: Fever (over 100 degrees Fahrenheit) Swelling, redness, and warmth General illness or multiple sites of pain Inability to move the affected area These could be signs of another problem that needs more immediate attention.
system: How long does it take tendinitis to get better?
output: Tendinitis may take weeks to months to go away, depending on the severity of your injury.
system: Who gets tendinitis?
output: Anyone can get tendinitis, but it is more common in adults, especially those over age 40. As tendons age they tolerate less stress, are less elastic, and are easier to tear.
system: How do you prevent tendinitis?
output: To avoid tendinitis, try these tips when performing activities: Take it slow at first. Gradually build up your activity level. Use limited force and limited repetitions. Stop if pain occurs. Do something else. Try again later and if pain recurs, stop that activity for the day.
system: What are symptoms of tendinitis?
output: The most common places are: Base of the thumb Elbow Shoulder Hip Knee Achilles tendon The symptoms of tendinitis include: Pain at the site of the tendon and surrounding area. Pain may gradually build up or be sudden and severe, especially if calcium deposits are present. Loss of motion in the shoulder, called "adhesive capsulitis" or frozen shoulder.
system: What are risk factors for tendinitis?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } There are many activities that can cause tendinitis, including: Gardening Raking Carpentry Cleaning house Shoveling Painting Scrubbing Tennis Golf Skiing Throwing and pitching Incorrect posture at work or home or poor conditioning before exercise or playing sports also increases a person's risk. Other risk factors for tendinitis include: An abnormal or poorly placed bone or joint (such as length differences in your legs or arthritis in a joint) that stresses soft-tissue structures. Stresses from other conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, psoriatic arthritis, thyroid disorders, or unusual medication reactions. Overuse or doing too much too soon when the tendons aren't used to making a movement or doing the task taken on. Tendinitis is common in "weekend warriors," people that play and exercise hard only on weekends. Occasionally an infection can cause tendinitis, especially infection from a cat or dog bite to the hand or a finger.
system: What can you do to feel better during metastatic melanoma treatment?
output: A dietitian can give you other tips on nutrition and eating during your cancer treatment. Ask your doctor for a referral. Exercise can help you feel better overall and fight fatigue. But listen to your body, and balance rest and activity. Get the kind of emotional support that's right for you. It could be from family, friends, your cancer support group, or a religious group.
system: What are the symptoms of metastatic melanoma?
output: You're more likely to get melanoma if you have: Fair skin, along with lighter hair and eye color Many moles or irregular moles (not beauty marks or small brown blemishes) A family history of melanoma If your melanoma has spread to other areas, you may have: Hardened lumps under your skin Swollen or painful lymph nodes Trouble breathing, or a cough that doesn't go away Swelling of your liver (under your lower right ribs) or loss of appetite Bone pain or, less often, broken bones Headaches, seizures, or weakness or numbness in your arms or legs Weight loss Fatigue Before you have any tests, your doctor will want to know: Why did you come in?
system: What questions should you ask your doctor about metastatic melanoma?
output: Should I have other tests before we decide on a treatment? What treatments do you recommend? What's involved in these treatments? How will I feel? Will I have scars? Will I be able to work while I'm having the treatment? What happens if it doesn't help? Can I take part in clinical trials? Do you have experience treating metastatic melanoma?
system: What causes melanoma?
output: In most cases, melanoma is caused by exposure to ultraviolet ( UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds. It damages the DNA of your skin cells, and they start to grow out of control.
system: How can a clinical trial help with metastatic melanoma?
output: These drugs boost your immune system so it can better attack the cancer.
system: How do you know what treatment is right for metastatic melanoma?
output: Although metastatic melanoma is not easy to treat, you do have options. Choosing what's right for you will depend on where and how big the cancer is, what your health is like, and what your wishes are.
system: What does your doctor check for to diagnose metastatic melanoma?
output: The doctor will also check to see if your lymph nodes are enlarged. Lymph nodes are bean-sized glands under the skin in your neck, underarms, and groin. The doctor uses a thin needle to remove a sample of cells. This is called a fine-needle aspiration biopsy. The doctor may also do a lymph node biopsy. This removes the lymph nodes most likely to have cancer cells. In this test, the doctor injects a dye into the area where the potential cancer was. It spreads to the nearest lymph nodes, which are removed and tested. If these lymph nodes, called sentinel nodes, don't have cancer, then it's likely the cancer hasn't spread. The results of these tests help the doctor determine the stage of your cancer and how widespread it is. You and your doctor will decide on the best treatment plan once you know that information.