laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: How can you prevent dog bloat?
output: Vets aren't sure what causes bloat, but there are some things that raise a dog's risk for it, including: Eating from a raised food bowl Having one large meal a day Eating quickly A lot of running or playing after he eats Other dogs he's related to have had bloat Eating or drinking too much Stress Any dog can have bloat, but it's much more common in deep-chested, large breeds, like Akitas, Boxers, Basset Hounds, and German Shepherds. Don't let him run or play a lot right before or after meals. Feed him a few small meals throughout the day instead of one or two large ones. Make sure he drinks a normal amount of water. For predisposed breeds, your vet will sometimes tack the stomach when your dog gets spayed or neutered
system: Is vaginal bleeding after sex normal if you're postmenopausal?
output: If you're postmenopausal, any bleeding after sex isn't normal. See your doctor to rule out cervical cancer, endometrial cancer, and other issues.
system: Is vaginal bleeding after sex normal if you're pregnant?
output: Vaginal bleeding after sex can be scary if you're pregnant, but it's probably not a cause for concern. Your cervix may bleed more easily during pregnancy because extra blood vessels are developing in the area.
system: Why does vaginal bleeding after sex happen?
output: One of those causes is cervical inflammation, or cervicitis. It can be ongoing and totally harmless, or it can happen because of a sexually transmitted infection that you need to get treated, like chlamydia or gonorrhea. Both types of cervical inflammation can cause bleeding after sex. A second common reason for bleeding after sex are cervical polyps. They are growths that are usually small -- about 1 to 2 centimeters -- that often appear on the cervix where it connects to the vagina. Most aren't cancerous, and a doctor can remove them during an appointment. Other causes of vaginal bleeding after sex include: Friction during sex or not enough lubrication Normal uterine bleeding if you're just beginning your period or if it's just ended A cervical or vaginal infection Genital sores caused by herpes or another condition A precancerous cervical spot Cervical ectropion (when the inner lining of the cervix pokes through the cervical opening and grows on the vaginal side of the cervix) Pelvic organ prolapse (when pelvic organs, like the bladder or uterus, jut beyond the vaginal walls) Cancer of the cervix, vagina, or uterus While many of these causes don't need treatment and are harmless, sometimes vaginal bleeding after sex can be a sign of a more serious problem.
system: Will vaginal bleeding after sex stop on its own?
output: It might. A recent study found that just over half of women who had bleeding after sex reported that it cleared up on its own within 2 years.
system: How can I prevent vaginal bleeding after sex?
output: You can rule out the most innocent causes of bleeding after sex, like friction during intercourse or not enough lubrication, by simply using a lubricant before and during sex. You can also wait a bit longer after your period ends to start having sex again, if it seems like regular uterine bleeding at the tail end of menstruation is the culprit. Removing cervical polyps or treating cervical infections should also clear up post-sex bleeding, if either was the cause.
system: What should you know about vaginal bleeding after sex?
output: While vaginal bleeding after sex can be alarming, it's also fairly common -- affecting up to 9% of menstruating women -- and probably no cause for concern. But it can also be caused by an infection, and in rare cases, it's a sign of cervical cancer.
system: What are other causes of vaginal bleeding after sex?
output: Other causes of vaginal bleeding after sex include: Friction during sex or not enough lubrication Normal uterine bleeding if you're just beginning your period or if it's just ended A cervical or vaginal infection Genital sores caused by herpes or another condition A precancerous cervical spot Cervical ectropion (when the inner lining of the cervix pokes through the cervical opening and grows on the vaginal side of the cervix) Pelvic organ prolapse (when pelvic organs, like the bladder or uterus, jut beyond the vaginal walls) Cancer of the cervix, vagina, or uterus While many of these causes don't need treatment and are harmless, sometimes vaginal bleeding after sex can be a sign of a more serious problem.
system: How can you tell if vaginal bleeding after sex is serious?
output: If you have some minor bleeding occasionally after sex, chances are that everything is fine. But the only way to know for sure is to see your doctor for a physical exam. If the bleeding happens right before you get your period or within a few days after it ends and it doesn't happen again, you can hold off on making that appointment. You can also probably hold off if you recently had a pelvic exam and Pap smear and got a clean bill of health. In all other cases -- or if you're just worried -- it's best to get checked out to rule out infection or anything more serious.
system: What happens if your doctor finds something abnormal after testing vaginal bleeding after sex?
output: If your Pap test reveals any abnormalities on your cervix at the time of your exam, you'll probably get a colposcopy. It starts out like a Pap test, but takes a bit longer, and the doctor will use a special magnifying device called a colposcope to get a closer look at the cervix. If your doctor sees anything suspicious, she can take a small sample of tissue for testing. If bleeding after sex is an ongoing thing, your doctor may recommend a colposcopy even if your Pap test results are normal, to get a better look at your cervix. If you're postmenopausal, your doctor might do a transvaginal ultrasound to get a closer look at the pelvic organs or an endometrial biopsy to look for abnormal cells in the endometrial tissue that lines your uterus.
system: What happens in a doctor's appointment for vaginal bleeding after sex?
output: But the only way to know for sure is to see your doctor for a physical exam. She'll also want to know if you're having pain during sex, which can be a sign of inadequate lubrication or infection, depending on when it happens. Your doctor will give you a pelvic exam and look for any source of the bleeding, like vaginal tears or lesions, signs of pelvic organ prolapse, cervical polyps, or inflammation. If your doctor finds any polyps, she might be able to remove them in the office and send them to a lab for testing, or make a later appointment to have them surgically removed. During a Pap test, your doctor can swab your cervix to test for sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia and gonorrhea, which can cause bleeding after sex and are treated with antibiotics. The Pap test also detects any sign of abnormal, precancerous growths or cancer cells.
system: Do I need to call a doctor if I use emergency contraception
output: You don't have to call a doctor after using emergency contraception, but if you have questions or anything worries you, go ahead. You don't need any routine follow-up exam or tests. If your next period is more than a week late, you should take a pregnancy test.
system: What emergency contraception pills contain the hormone  levonorgestrel?
output: Pills containing a hormone called levonorgestrel: My Way (over-the-counter) Plan B One- Step (over-the-counter) Preventeza (over-the-counter) Take Action (over-the-counter) Birth control pills can also be used as emergency contraception, but you have to take more than one pill at a time to keep from getting pregnant.
system: What are types of emergency contraception pills?
output: There are 3 types of emergency contraception in pill form that are sold both with and without a prescription. You need to be 17 to buy them if a prescription is needed. Depending on the brand and dose, you might get 1 pill or 2. About 1 out of 5 women taking Ella, Plan B One- Step, and generics -- such as My Way -- feel queasy.
system: What are tips to ease side effects from emergency contraception?
output: The most common side effect of the pill forms is upset stomach. Eat smaller but more frequent meals. It might help to suck on sugar-free hard candy, too. If your nausea or vomiting is severe, call your doctor. Taking medicine to calm your stomach for a day or two could help. If you throw up within a couple of hours of taking the pill, you should take another dose. You probably need to take anti-nausea medicine first. Check with your doctor.
system: Is emergency contraception safe and effective?
output: The pill forms are safe. They contain the same hormones that are in birth control pills, which women have been using for decades. The copper- T IUD (intrauterine device) is also a very effective, safe way to prevent a pregnancy after sex. Research shows that Plan B One- Step starts to lose its effectiveness in women heavier than 165 pounds. It's not recommend for anyone over this weight -- instead, a copper- T IUD is the suggested option. You need a prescription to get it.
system: Can I drink alcohol on diabetes medications?
output: You shouldn't drink alcohol if you take some drugs, including metformin. When you have type 2 diabetes, you might feel the effects of alcoholic drinks more than other people. So use caution if you drink.
system: What types of insulin are used to treat diabetes?
output: Types of insulin include: Insulin aspart ( Novo Log) Insulin degludec ( Tresiba) Insulin detemir ( Levemir) Insulin lispro ( Humalog) Insulin glargine ( Basaglar, Lantus, Toujeo) Insulin glulisine ( Apidra) Insulin isophane ( Humulin N, Novolin N) Take Your Meds the Right Way Follow your doctor's directions.
system: What is the best way to take and store drugs for diabetes?
output: Types of insulin include: Insulin aspart ( Novo Log) Insulin degludec ( Tresiba) Insulin detemir ( Levemir) Insulin lispro ( Humalog) Insulin glargine ( Basaglar, Lantus, Toujeo) Insulin glulisine ( Apidra) Insulin isophane ( Humulin N, Novolin N) Take Your Meds the Right Way Follow your doctor's directions. You'll need to take some drugs with food to help ease side effects. It's also important to follow your pharmacist's instructions about how to store your medicine.
system: Which diabetes medicines are GLP-1 receptor agonists?
output: GLP-1 receptor agonists: These include: Dulaglutide ( Trulicity) Exenatide ( Byetta) Extended-release exenatide ( Bydureon) Liraglutide ( Victoza) Lixisenatide ( Adlyxin) Semaglutide ( Ozempic) These tell your body it needs to make more insulin and slows down digestion to make you feel full. Meglitinides: This type of medication includes: Nateglinide ( Starlix) Repaglinide ( Prandin) They help your body make more insulin.
system: Which diabetes medicines are meglitinides?
output: Meglitinides: This type of medication includes: Nateglinide ( Starlix) Repaglinide ( Prandin) They help your body make more insulin. You take these drugs before your meals.
system: Which diabetes medicines are SGLT2 inhibitors?
output: SGLT2 inhibitors: Your doctor may prescribe: Canagliflozin ( Invokana) Dapagliflozin ( Farxiga) Empagliflozin ( Jardiance) They help your kidneys get rid of extra glucose by removing it from your blood and putting it into your urine.
system: Which diabetes medicines are thiazolidinediones?
output: Thiazolidinediones: These include: Pioglitazone ( Actos) Rosiglitazone ( Avandia) They help insulin work better in your muscles or fat tissues. They also let your liver make less sugar.
system: Why would I need to take insulin to treat diabetes?
output: Other: Pramlintide ( Symlin) Treatment Options for Diabetes Insulin This helps move blood sugar into your body's cells so you can use it for energy and stay healthy. If you need to take insulin, don't feel like you've failed to manage your diabetes. Every person's body is different. If you've had type 2 diabetes for a long time, have very high blood sugar, or have other health problems that make it hard for you to control your glucose, you might need to take insulin along with your pills.
system: How are bile acid sequestrant pills used to treat diabetes?
output: Examples include: Acarbose ( Precose) Miglitol ( Glyset) Bile acid sequestrant pills like colesevelam ( Welchol): They lower levels of LDL "bad" cholesterol in your body, and they also seem to lower glucose. If you have liver problems and can't take other diabetes pills, you might be able to take this drug safely.
system: How is insulin administered to treat diabetes?
output: Every person's body is different. Most people inject it into the fat of their skin. Your doctor will figure out how much you need to take each day to keep your body healthy. Some types of insulin act quickly. Or you might use an insulin pump or infuser. Your doctor puts these devices under your skin to give you insulin when you need it.
system: What are the treatments for pleurisy?
output: Your doctor may also take X-rays of your chest. These X-rays will be normal if you have only pleurisy without fluid but may show fluid if you have a pleural effusion. In addition to this, your doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs or other pain medicines to remedy the inflammation. Sometimes, a codeine-based cough syrup will be prescribed to control a cough that can exacerbate pain. In the case of pleural effusion, your doctor will direct treatment towards the underlying cause of the fluid. Sometimes, if the pleural fluid is infected or the amount is excessive, the doctor may drain it through a tube inserted in your chest, a procedure that requires hospitalization.
system: Could glaucoma medication cause problems with my tear ducts?
output: Sometimes, glaucoma treatments affect the tear ducts. Certain eye drops may cause the conjunctiva in the eye and the tear ducts to swell.
system: What are common problems with tear ducts?
output: Some of the most common causes are: Babies are sometimes born with a blocked tear duct. In some cases, the duct or drainage system doesn't form correctly in the womb. Conditions like Down syndrome that change the shape of the skull and face can make the ducts narrower than usual. More often, the cause is a thin piece of tissue that covers the tear duct in the womb. It doesn't open up before birth like it should. About 5% of infants are born with this, and it stops tears from flowing out of their eyes. This covering usually goes away on its own a month or two after the baby is born.
system: How do I find the cause of the problem with my tear ducts?
output: An infection in your eyes or nose can cause swelling. Once you know what's causing your excess tearing, you can start on a treatment to relieve it.
system: Could an infection block my tear ducts?
output: This presses on and narrows the tear duct. Bacteria, fungi, and viruses like herpes can all make the area around your eyes and nose swell and block the ducts. A blockage in your tear duct can also lead to an infection when bacteria multiply in the narrowed tube. Any injury to your nose or eyes can cause swelling and scar tissue.
system: How will I know if I should stop taking my epilepsy medicine?
output: Because there's no way to know for sure if seizures will return, you must work with your doctor before and after deciding to stop medication. Will you ever get an "all clear" sign? Experts say yes, when you've been seizure-free for 10 years and medication-free for the last 5 of them.
system: What makes seizures more likely to return?
output: Seizures are less likely to return if you have: Been seizure-free on medication for 2-5 years Only one type of seizure A normal neurologic exam and IQ A normal EEG for at least 1 year Seizures are more likely to return if you have: Had epilepsy for a long time Had many or multiple types of seizures Get seizures despite medication Needed more than one medication to be seizure-free, or had to take medication for a long time before it began to work Tried to stop unsuccessfully in the past An abnormal neurologic exam or brain damage An IQ less than 70 An abnormal EEG within the past year Worsening EEG results when you don't take medication Quitting medication suddenly can lead to a withdrawal seizure.
system: What are disadvantages of stopping taking my epilepsy medicine?
output: On the plus side: An end to side effects Fewer chances of drug interactions Possible cost savings Feeling more positive about your health On the minus side: Seizures could come back. You could feel unsure about the future and less in control. Drugs might not work if epilepsy returns (a slim chance). You may not be able to drive for a period of time.
system: When should I talk to my doctor about stopping taking my epilepsy medicine?
output: Then you might start thinking about stopping your epilepsy medicine, too. For example, you could: Get a dangerous skin reaction or other serious side effect Be planning to have a baby and are concerned about infertility (for him) or the possibility of birth defects Want to save money Start by talking to your doctor about why you want to stop.
system: Is it ever an option to stop taking my epilepsy medication?
output: It's usually not an option for people with a type of epilepsy that rarely goes away, like juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. But nearly three-quarters of people with epilepsy have a form that's far less predictable. Because there's no way to know for sure if seizures will return, you must work with your doctor before and after deciding to stop medication.
system: What causes irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
output: But researchers do have a few theories: IBS sufferers may have a more sensitive colon than others. In people with IBS, the brain may perceive contractions in the gut more acutely than others. The immune system may respond differently to stress and infection in people with IBS. Hormonal changes may trigger IBS symptoms (70% of those who suffer from IBS are women). The neurotransmitter serotonin that is produced in the gut may act on digestive tract nerves. Those with diarrhea may have increased serotonin levels in the gut, while those with constipation-predominant IBS have decreased amounts.
system: Should I see the doctor if I have irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
output: If you think you may have IBS, see your doctor for proper diagnosis and care. Depending on the type of IBS that you have, there are various treatment options, including dietary changes, stress management, medication, behavioral therapy, and alternative treatments. "
system: Is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) a real medical condition?
output: Though no one fully understands what causes IBS, doctors do agree that IBS is a bona fide medical condition. They do not think it's "all in your head." According to the American College of Gastroenterology, IBS is also clearly defined by what it is not: It is not an anatomical or a structural problem. It is not an identifiable physical or chemical disorder. It is not a cancer and will not cause cancer. It will not cause other gastrointestinal diseases.
system: What are the characteristics of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)?
output: Basically, IBS is a collection of symptoms that has been ongoing for at least 6 months, and has occurred at least 3 times a month in the past 3 months. IBS always involves abdominal pain or discomfort. This pain must have two of these three characteristics to be diagnosed IBS: Relieved with defecation Associated with a change in frequency of stool Associated with a change in form (appearance) of stool Certain foods or situations may trigger a flare-up of IBS symptoms.
system: How is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) defined?
output: Though no one fully understands what causes IBS, doctors do agree that IBS is a bona fide medical condition. They do not think it's "all in your head." According to the American College of Gastroenterology, IBS is also clearly defined by what it is not: It is not an anatomical or a structural problem. It is not an identifiable physical or chemical disorder. It is not a cancer and will not cause cancer. It will not cause other gastrointestinal diseases. Basically, IBS is a collection of symptoms that has been ongoing for at least 6 months, and has occurred at least 3 times a month in the past 3 months. IBS always involves abdominal pain or discomfort.
system: How can surgery help with treating colorectal cancer?
output: This is the way doctors treat most colorectal cancers. The best chance for a cure is to remove the tumor entirely. Usually, surgeons need to remove only the part of your colon or rectum that has the tumor. Your surgeon may do the operation with a few small cuts in your belly (called laparoscopy) instead of one long cut. You may have less pain and heal faster with this approach.
system: How can chemotherapy help with treating colorectal cancer?
output: Chemo drugs destroy cancer cells or stop them from spreading throughout your body. You can take the medicines in pill form or through an IV. You can also get them in a blood vessel close to your tumor. There are many types of these drugs. Some work better together, so you may take two or more at the same time. You usually get the treatment for 2 or 4 weeks, then take a break. You might have chemo after surgery to kill any cancer cells left behind. Or you could have it before an operation to make a tumor smaller and easier to remove. Chemo may help treat cancer pain, too. And it's often the best way to slow the spread of the disease to other parts of your body, such as your liver.
system: How can targeted treatments help with treating colorectal cancer?
output: These drugs treat changes in cells that lead to cancer. For instance, some cells have too much of a protein that helps them grow and thrive. Targeted drugs can stop it from working. Because these treatments only fight cancer cells, not healthy ones, they may give you fewer side effects than chemotherapy.
system: Should I get a rabies vaccine before I travel to India?
output: Getting the rabies vaccine is especially important if you will be spending time outdoors, particularly in rural areas. Young children are especially vulnerable to animal bites and infection with rabies.
system: What standard vaccines should I have had for travel to India?
output: The list of vaccines will be based on: Your health status How current your immunizations are Where you are planning to go in the countries you are visiting What you're likely to do while you're there Your doctor will review your immunization record to make sure you are up to date on the standard vaccines and booster shots that people in the U. S. should have. That includes immunizations for: measles mumps rubella chickenpox diphtheria pertussis polio You'll also possibly need a tetanus booster shot. And it's important to make sure that your flu shot is current.
system: Should I get a typhoid fever vaccine before I travel to India?
output: Typhoid fever is a life-threatening illness. It's caused by bacteria. You can get typhoid fever by eating or drinking contaminated food or water. It's recommended that anyone traveling in southern Asia, including India, be vaccinated against it. This is especially important if you will be visiting rural areas or staying in small towns.
system: How do I know what vaccines I need for travel to India?
output: The list of vaccines will be based on: Your health status How current your immunizations are Where you are planning to go in the countries you are visiting What you're likely to do while you're there Your doctor will review your immunization record to make sure you are up to date on the standard vaccines and booster shots that people in the U. S. should have.
system: Should I get hepatitis A or hepatitis B vaccines before I travel to India?
output: This disease can be transmitted through food and water. The risk for Hepatitis A in India is high. Hepatitis B is a viral infection that can be transmitted by contact with blood and other bodily fluids. That means you could potentially be exposed through: sexual activity recreational drug use being in an accident receiving medical care If you haven't been vaccinated for it already, you should get the vaccine before you go.