laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: How is external beam radiation therapy used to treat advanced prostate cancer?
output: Doctors might give you this therapy in a few of different ways: External beam radiation therapy ( EBRT) focuses X-rays on your prostate from a machine outside your body. The doctor will direct the radiation right to the gland and adjust the dose to target the cancer without damaging other parts of your body. The treatment takes just a few minutes, and it doesn't hurt. You'll probably go in to a clinic and get it 5 days per week for about 7 to 9 weeks.
system: How can clinical trials help with advanced prostate cancer?
output: Scientists are always looking for new ways to treat prostate cancer in clinical trials. These trials test new drugs to see if they're safe and if they work. They often are a way for people to try new medicine that isn't available to anyone. Your doctor can tell you if one of these trials might be a good fit for you.
system: Which GnRH agents are used to treat advanced prostate cancer?
output: They work in different ways to keep your body from making luteinizing hormone ( LH), which it needs to make testosterone. Drugs include: Buserelin ( Suprefact) Degarelix ( Firmagon) Goserelin ( Zoladex) Histrelin ( Vantas) Leuprolide ( Eligard, Lupron Depot) Triptorelin ( Trelstar) Anti-androgens.
system: How are bisphosphonates used to treat advanced prostate cancer?
output: These drugs relieve the pain of prostate cancer that has spread to bones.
system: What is the treatment for advanced prostate cancer?
output: It can help shrink tumors and ease bone pain and other symptoms. This surgery does not cure the cancer, but it can ease symptoms, like problems controlling urine. You might get chemo if the disease has spread outside your prostate and hormone therapy isn't working.
system: How is a transurethral resection of the prostate used to treat advanced prostate cancer?
output: Doctors can treat this type of cancer, but they can't cure it. The doctor will direct the radiation right to the gland and adjust the dose to target the cancer without damaging other parts of your body. Doctors will give you medicine to put you to sleep or make your body numb, then put the pellets in through thin needles. Your doctor will inject it into your vein once a month.
system: What types of surgery can treat vitreomacular adhesion (VMA)?
output: One is surgery called a vitrectomy, which relieves the pulling on the macula by removing the jelly and replacing it with fluid or a temporary gas bubble. After the surgery, you may be asked to lie facedown so the bubble or fluid floats to the back of your eye, lessening the pull and hopefully allowing any damage to the macula to get better.
system: What other treatments are available for vitreomacular adhesion (VMA)?
output: How well your vision gets better depends on: If you keep that face-down position while you're healing The amount of eye damage that you had How long the damage was there Another type of treatment is medication that's injected into your eye. It can lead to the release of the adhesion between the vitreous and macula, beginning the process of healing. Getting older has its challenges. Keeping your vision as sharp as possible is one of them. Regular eye exams can help spot early signs of vitreomacular adhesion.
system: How do doctors treat vitreomacular adhesion (VMA)?
output: If your eye doctor says you have VMA but your symptoms aren't severe, she may want to wait and see if your vision gets better by itself. If things become serious, you have treatment options. The goal is to break the adhesion so that the vitreous no longer pulls on the macula.
system: What are some tips to get the best outcome from stage IV colon cancer?
output: Follow these tips: Eat a well-balanced diet Stay at a healthy weight Exercise most days of the week Don't smoke Get all of the cancer screening tests your doctor recommends If you have tried a few colon cancer treatments and they didn't work, or they stopped working, you may have another option: a clinical trial.
system: What does palliative care for stage IV colon cancer entail?
output: Your doctors should also help you manage any pain that you have as a result of the cancer. Your social, emotional, and spiritual health may also need support as you deal with such a serious illness. Palliative care does all of that. It's not the same as hospice, and it's not only for people who are near death. You'll still get all your other medical care to fight the cancer. Palliative care is in addition to, not instead of, other treatments. The National Cancer Institute states that palliative care "should begin at diagnosis" and focus on your quality of life. Doctors, nurses, dietitians, pharmacists, and social workers are some of the health professionals who help with that. They can be an invaluable resource as you go through the disease.
system: How is stage IV colon cancer treated?
output: When your doctor tells you that you have colon cancer that has spread to other parts of your body, you will naturally have lots of questions, including what it will mean for your future. If one treatment doesn't work or stops working, you may be able to try something else.
system: What are the survival rates for stage IV colon cancer?
output: Your doctor can tell you if one of these trials might be a good fit for you. You'll still get all your other medical care to fight the cancer. If one of the questions on your mind is about survival rates for your cancer, you'll want to get some perspective first. Stage IV colon cancer has a relative 5-year survival rate of about 14%. This means that about 14% of people with stage IV colon cancer are likely to still be alive 5 years after they are diagnosed. But you're not a number. No one, including your doctor, can tell you exactly how long you'll live. Your outlook depends on a lot of things, including your age, health, where the cancer has spread, and the kind of treatment you get. Keep in mind that the numbers are changing -- for the better. A growing number of people with stage IV colon cancer live longer than 2 years. In the past, colon cancer was harder to treat once it had spread. Advances in treatment have improved the outlook by slowing down the cancer.
system: What happens after your treatment for stage IV colon cancer?
output: When your doctor tells you that you have colon cancer that has spread to other parts of your body, you will naturally have lots of questions, including what it will mean for your future. If your cancer does come back, seeing your doctor regularly will help find it early, when it's easiest to treat. Ask your doctor what the symptoms of a recurrence might look like. Your doctors should also help you manage any pain that you have as a result of the cancer. This means that about 14% of people with stage IV colon cancer are likely to still be alive 5 years after they are diagnosed.
system: What should you do if your stage IV colon cancer comes back?
output: Your doctor will also do tests to make sure your cancer hasn't come back. Call right away if you notice these symptoms. Your doctor can tell you if one of these trials might be a good fit for you.
system: What's the outlook for stage IV colon cancer?
output: You can also ask for a second opinion so you feel confident that you understand your situation and options. If your cancer does come back, seeing your doctor regularly will help find it early, when it's easiest to treat. Scientists look for new ways to treat stage IV colon cancer in clinical trials. They are often a way for people to try a new medicine that isn't available to everyone. Your doctors should also help you manage any pain that you have as a result of the cancer.
system: What are the symptoms of  progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis (PRMS)?
output: Those are the most common symptoms of this type of MS. Once it starts, PPMS gets worse over time. This disease mainly affects the nerves in your spinal cord. The main symptoms often involve: Problems walking Weak, stiff legs Trouble with balance Other common symptoms include: Speech or swallowing issues Vision problems Fatigue and pain Bladder and bowel trouble Doctors think MS -- no matter which type you have -- happens when your body attacks itself. Practice being in the moment and appreciating what you have rather than stressing about what may come.
system: What is the treatment for progressive relapsing multiple sclerosis (PRMS)?
output: Only 10% to 15% of people with multiple sclerosis have this form. This is what's called an autoimmune disease. Exercise is also good for all types of MS. But these are easier to prevent with healthier food and more activity.
system: What's the best way to treat hypothyroidism and depression?
output: If you have hypothyroidism, you may have fatigue, sluggishness, and trouble concentrating. Blood tests can confirm them if they show low levels of a thyroid hormone called thyroxine and a high level of one called thyroid-stimulating hormone ( TSH). Studies show that if you have both hypothyroidism and depression, thyroid-replacement medications may work better than antidepressants.
system: Are depression and low thyroid levels related?
output: Although they're separate diseases, depression is sometimes a symptom of hypothyroidism. Medication can boost those levels, and that can improve or get rid of your symptoms, including depression. The two conditions share so many signs that doctors sometimes overlook the possibility that someone who is depressed may also have low thyroid levels. Blood tests can confirm them if they show low levels of a thyroid hormone called thyroxine and a high level of one called thyroid-stimulating hormone ( TSH).
system: How is gum disease due to plaque and gingivitis linked to dementia?
output: Gum disease has also been found to raise the risk of dementia later in life. Other researchers have found that periodontal problems may also be associated with milder cognitive impairment, such as memory problems that make activities of daily life more difficult. In a recent study, participants who had the worst gum disease scored the worst on memory tests and calculations.
system: How are plaque and gingivitis linked to heart disease?
output: Over the years, many studies have found that people with gum disease are more likely to also have poor heart health, including heart attacks. A 2009 paper on the relationship between heart disease and gum disease was issued by the American Academy of Periodontology and The American Journal of Cardiology. Its joint recommendations encourage cardiologists to ask their patients about any gum disease problems. In addition, periodontists are encouraged to ask their patients about any family history of heart disease as well as their own heart health.
system: Is periodontal disease linked to other conditions?
output: To date, scientists have found links between periodontal disease and a number of other problems, including: Heart disease Diabetes Dementia Rheumatoid arthritis Premature birth What's behind the links? Experts can't say for certain, but they believe that oral bacteria can escape into the bloodstream and injure major organs.
system: How can inflammation affect plaque and gingivitis?
output: Rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) is an autoimmune disease marked by inflammation and painful joints. People with RA are more likely to have periodontal disease, and one study found that they had more missing teeth than people who don't have RA. Chronic inflammation is common to both conditions.
system: Can poor dental health affect the rest of your body?
output: A growing body of research finds that bacteria and inflammation in your mouth are also linked to other problems, including heart attack and dementia, and may well jeopardize your overall health. Scientists have identified several links between poor oral health and other health problems -- although they can't yet establish cause and effect. This list of health problems has been growing as research continues. Plaque constantly forms on your teeth.
system: How can you minimize the dangers of plaque and gingivitis?
output: A growing body of research finds that bacteria and inflammation in your mouth are also linked to other problems, including heart attack and dementia, and may well jeopardize your overall health. If your diabetes is not under control, you are at even higher risk of gum disease. Get your teeth cleaned professionally on a regular basis. Ask your dentist about the best cleaning schedule for you. Find out if you might benefit from a protective coating or sealant applied to the chewing surfaces of the teeth in the back of your mouth where tooth decay often begins.
system: How can plaque affect your dental health?
output: Sticky bacterial plaque that builds up on your teeth and inflamed, bleeding gums do more than just threaten your dental health. The plaque is so sticky that it keeps the acids in contact with your teeth, in time breaking down the enamel and leading to tooth decay. Plaque buildup can also lead to gum disease -- first gingivitis, the tender and swollen gums that sometimes bleed. If it progresses, severe periodontal (gum) disease can develop. Gum tissue pulls away from the teeth, allowing the bacteria to destroy the underlying bone supporting the teeth. Find out if you might benefit from a protective coating or sealant applied to the chewing surfaces of the teeth in the back of your mouth where tooth decay often begins.
system: How are plaque and gingivitis linked to diabetes?
output: Again, inflammation may be partly to blame. And, those with diabetes are more likely to contract infections, including gum disease. If your diabetes is not under control, you are at even higher risk of gum disease. People with RA are more likely to have periodontal disease, and one study found that they had more missing teeth than people who don't have RA.
system: What are other skin tips to help treat acne?
output: Other skin tips: Don't use too much topical acne medicine -- apply just enough to cover problem areas. Many acne medicines (benzoyl peroxide, salicylic acid, and tretinoin) make your skin more sensitive to the sun. Don't use oily makeup, sunscreen, or hair products. Don't pick at or squeeze your pimples. Keep your hair, hands, and phone off your face. For men, shaving can irritate your skin and make acne worse. Try an electric razor, or be very careful with a blade.
system: How can I treat more serious acne?
output: For more serious acne, your doctor may prescribe: Antibiotics to kill bacteria Birth control pills for women with acne due to hormones Isotretinoin to help you make less oil You may need a combination of oral medicine and a cream or lotion. Don't stop using your treatments if your skin clears. Stick with it until the doctor tells you to stop. This can help keep acne from coming back.
system: How can I treat acne without a prescription?
output: A skin doctor (dermatologist) can help. She might suggest a cream, lotion, gel, or soap that contains ingredients that can help. Many can be bought without a prescription: Benzoyl peroxide kills bacteria and removes extra oil. Resorcinol is for whiteheads and blackheads. Salicylic acid keeps pores from getting clogged. Sulfur removes dead skin cells.
system: What are natural or acidic treatments for acne?
output: Some people use natural treatments like tea tree oil (works like benzoyl peroxide, but slower) or alpha hydroxy acids (remove dead skin and unclog pores) for their acne care. Not much is known about how well many of these treatments work and their long-term safety. Many natural ingredients are added to acne lotions and creams. Talk to your doctor to see if they're right for you.
system: How can I take care of my skin for acne treatment?
output: These already have cleanser in them and are easy to use, then throw away. Other skin tips: Don't use too much topical acne medicine -- apply just enough to cover problem areas. Try an electric razor, or be very careful with a blade.
system: How can you prevent ingrown hair?
output: To prevent ingrown hairs, try these tips every time you shave: Every day, rub your face in a circular motion using a wet washcloth or an exfoliating scrub to tease out any stubborn ingrown hairs. Shave with a sharp, single-bladed razor. Wet your skin with warm water before shaving and apply a lubricating gel. Shave in the same direction your hair is growing. Use as few strokes of the razor as possible. That lessens the chance of a hair slipping back into your skin. Rinse the blade with water after every stroke. Don't shave too closely to your skin. Leave a little bit of stubble if you can. If you're using an electric razor, hold it slightly above the surface of your skin. Apply a cool washcloth to your skin after you shave to reduce irritation. You can also try other hair removal methods that are less likely to produce ingrown hairs. Those methods include depilatory creams that dissolve the hair, and a laser or electric current (electrolysis) to permanently remove the hair follicle.
system: What should you know about an ingrown hair?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Ingrown hairs are hairs that have curled around and grown back into your skin instead of rising up from it. Sometimes, dead skin can clog up a hair follicle. That forces the hair inside it to grow sideways under the skin, rather than upward and outward. Sometimes, cutting naturally curly hair too closely will result in the sharpened end of the hair piercing the skin, causing an ingrown hair. Ingrown hairs aren't serious. But they can be irritating and embarrassing.
system: What causes ingrown hair?
output: Anyone can get an ingrown hair. But the problem is more common in people who have very curly or coarse hair. Curly hair is more likely to bend back and re-enter the skin, especially after it's been shaved or cut. Also, people with high levels of certain sex hormones can have excessive hair growth, which makes it more likely to get ingrown hairs, especially after shaving. Many African- Americans, Latinos, and people with thick or curly hair develop a type of ingrown hair called pseudofolliculitis. More commonly known as "razor bumps," this collection of little bumps is common on the beard area after you've shaved, waxed, or tweezed to remove unwanted hair. The hair that grows back has a sharper edge, so it can more easily poke back through the skin and get trapped under the surface.
system: How can you treat ingrown hair?
output: If it doesn't go away, an ingrown hair can become infected, darken the skin, or leave behind a scar, especially if you've been scratching or picking at it. If an ingrown hair is bothering you or has become infected, your doctor can make a small cut in your skin with a sterile needle or scalpel to release it. Your doctor may also prescribe medicine such as: Steroid medicine that you rub on your skin to bring down the swelling and irritation Retinoids ( Retin A) to remove dead skin cells and reduce the skin pigment changes that can occur from ingrown hairs Antibiotic that you take by mouth or rub onto your skin to treat an ingrown hair infection The gold standard for hair removal is laser. The 810 nm diode laser, the intense pulsed light device ( PL), and others are very efficient at hair removal.
system: What does an ingrown hair look like?
output: An ingrown hair irritates the skin. It produces a raised, red bump (or group of bumps) that looks like a little pimple. Sometimes an ingrown hair can form a painful, boil-like sore. Or you may see the hair that's causing the problem. In men, ingrown hairs often pop up as a bunch of little bumps on the chin, cheeks, or neck after shaving. In women, ingrown hairs are common on the legs, as well as in the pubic area and armpits. You can also get ingrown hairs on your buttocks.
system: What does recovery from a lung transplant look like?
output: After surgery, you'll recover in the hospital for up to 3 weeks. You'll need to cough to clear fluid from your lungs. You'll also do breathing exercises to learn to take slow, deep breaths. For 3 months after your surgery, your doctor will test your blood and lungs to make sure your body doesn't reject your new lung or you don't get any infections. You'll take medicines for the rest of your life to help prevent this from happening. It can take weeks or months to recover.
system: How can pulmonary rehab help treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?
output: You do exercises to help your breathing and build up your strength. Your therapist can give you tips for a healthy diet so you keep your weight and energy levels up. He can also show you how to save your energy for when you need it most.
system: How long do lung transplants take?
output: A single lung transplant takes 4-8 hours, and a double transplant takes 6-12 hours.
system: What can make me feel better if I have  idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?
output: There's no cure, but medication and other kinds of therapy can ease your symptoms and make your life easier. Some new drugs may help slow down the disease. They can prevent more scar tissue from forming in your lungs. Other treatments help you breathe more easily, control your cough, give you more energy, or prevent infections that could make you sicker. The options you pick depend on your specific symptoms, overall health, and age. Talk to your doctor to figure out the best plan so you can enjoy your life and stay active.
system: What will happen if I have surgery for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?
output: You won't be awake during your surgery. Doctors put tubes into your mouth and windpipe that help you breathe while it's going on. During the operation, your surgeon removes your lung and the blood vessels that connect it to your heart. He then attaches your new lung to these blood vessels. If you're getting two new lungs, you'll need a heart-lung bypass machine to pump oxygen into your blood during the surgery.
system: If my IPF is severe, what can I do?
output: Your doctor may suggest: Corticosteroids like prednisone Drugs that slow down your immune system, like azathioprine ( Imuran), cyclophosphamide ( Cytoxan), and mycophenolate mofetil ( Cell Cept) Drugs may treat your IPF scarring or symptoms, but you can do other things to breathe better and get more energy. Most people only think about doing this if other treatments aren't working. Most people who get lung transplants are younger than 65. But if you're older and have no other serious medical problems, it may be an option for you.
system: How can oxygen therapy help treat idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)?
output: Whether you've got a hacking cough or feel short of breath, treatments can make a big difference. After surgery, you'll recover in the hospital for up to 3 weeks.
system: What medications may keep your idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) from getting worse?
output: They can prevent more scar tissue from forming in your lungs. They may keep your IPF from getting worse and can help you breathe better. For 3 months after your surgery, your doctor will test your blood and lungs to make sure your body doesn't reject your new lung or you don't get any infections.
system: What should you do while you wait for a lung donor for your IPF?
output: There aren't many lungs available from donors, so you'll go on a list to receive one. While you wait, avoid smoking, eat a healthy diet, do your breathing exercises, and stay as active as possible. Once you get word that a donor has been found, you may have to go to the hospital quickly for your surgery, so make sure your doctor can reach you at all times. During the operation, your surgeon removes your lung and the blood vessels that connect it to your heart.
system: Do I need to cover up in the sun if I have had melanoma in the past?
output: Cover your skin with pants, long sleeves, and a wide-brimmed hat.
system: Are condoms necessary while undergoing chemotherapy?
output: Chemo drugs can stay in semen or vaginal fluids for up to 3 days after you get them. Use a condom during that time (for oral sex, too) so you don't pass the chemicals to your partner.