laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What is a COPD flare-up?
output: When you have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, your usual symptoms might become worse rather quickly -- or you may even get new ones. var s_context; s_context= s_context || {}; s_context['wb.modimp'] = 'vidfloat'; if(webmd.useragent && webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop'){ webmd.ads2.disable Initial Load(); webmd.ads2.disable Ads Init = true; $(function() { webmd.p.pim.increment(); $('.responsive-video-container').insert After('.module-social-share-container'); require(['video2/1/responsive-player/video-loader'], function(video Loader) { video Loader.init({ autoplay: webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop' && ! !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } You may hear your doctor or nurse call this an âexacerbation.â Think of it as a flare-up. During one of these bouts, you may suddenly have more trouble breathing or make more noise when you do.
system: What causes a COPD flare-up?
output: Smoggy or dirty air can also make your symptoms get worse in a hurry. It's important to know the warning signs that a flare-up is coming on so that you can avoid it if possible. These exacerbations can cause your COPD to get worse or put you in the hospital. These symptoms are linked to problems with your heart or lungs.
system: What are some early signs of a COPD flare-up?
output: When you have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, your usual symptoms might become worse rather quickly -- or you may even get new ones. One obvious sign of an oncoming flare-up is shortness of breath. Swollen ankles or legs or belly pain. You should call your doctor at once if you or a loved one with COPD are showing symptoms of a flare-up.
system: How long will it take for botox to work?
output: You should also stop taking aspirin and anti-inflammatory medications two weeks before treatment to reduce bruising.
system: How long does botox work on wrinkles?
output: The effects from Botox will last three to six months. As muscle action gradually returns, the lines and wrinkles begin to reappear and need to be treated again. The lines and wrinkles often appear less severe with time because the muscles are shrinking.
system: What are side effects of botox?
output: Temporary bruising is the most common side effect of Botox. Headaches, which end in 24 to 48 hours, can happen, but this is rare. A small percentage of patients may develop eyelid drooping. This usually ends within three weeks. Drooping usually happens when the Botox moves around, so don't rub the treated area for 12 hours after injection or lie down for three to four hours.
system: How do I get botox?
output: Botox is injected with a fine needle into specific muscles with only minor discomfort.
system: How does botox get rid of wrinkles?
output: Botox blocks signals from the nerves to the muscles. The injected muscle can't contract. That makes the wrinkles relax and soften. Botox is most often used on forehead lines, crow's feet (lines around the eye), and frown lines. Wrinkles caused by sun damage and gravity will not respond to Botox.
system: How will my health insurance pay for botox?
output: Wrinkles caused by sun damage and gravity will not respond to Botox. Check with your health insurance company for coverage details.
system: What should you avoid in a psoriasis diet?
output: He'll probably tell you any diet that cuts down on the amount of junk food and alcohol you eat and drink is OK. Stay away from extreme diets that claim to cure psoriasis. They won't work. Avoid those that require you to fast, get enemas, or take other extreme steps. These diets can be time-consuming, expensive, hard to stick with, and in some cases, even dangerous. Don't assume that supplements you buy in the supermarket are helpful or even safe. Taking supplements in extremely high doses, which some shady psoriasis "diet experts" suggest, can be toxic. Always talk to your doctor before going on any diets or using any supplements or alternative medicines. You may feel so frustrated with your psoriasis that you're ready to try anything. Be careful. Never let desperation make you gullible.
system: What is the best dietary advice for psoriasis treatment?
output: According to most experts, the best dietary advice for people with psoriasis is the same as for anyone else: Eat a diet low in fats and sweets and high in fruits and vegetables, lean meats or other proteins like beans and legumes. While you're at it, get regular exercise -- being overweight can make psoriasis worse and keep your medication from working like it should. Watch how much you drink -- alcohol can aggravate psoriasis, too. Still, you shouldn't ignore your own experience with psoriasis. If your skin gets worse after you eat certain foods, then stop eating them and see what happens. That food could be a trigger for you.
system: What should you know about diets for psoriasis?
output: Even though there's no proof, you'll find dozens of psoriasis diets described in books and on websites. At some point almost every food has been blamed for an outbreak -- sugar, junk food, wheat products, tomatoes, coffee, and eggs are often called out. There are just as many theories about what foods might be good, among them herbal teas, some fruit juices, and fish oil supplements. It's no surprise that psoriasis diets disagree about what's good and what's bad.
system: Can supplements or dietary changes help treat ADHD?
output: Some kids with ADHD may benefit from changes in what they eat, such as going gluten-free or avoiding certain food dyes and additives, although research is limited on how well this works. Omega-3 supplements may also help some children, and one is available by prescription. Talk to your doctor to find out if a supplement, or a change in diet, may be a good option for your child. Both can be used along with other treatments, but only under the guidance of a doctor.
system: Can a child take medication for both ADHD and depression?
output: For some kids, taking these two different types of drugs together can best manage behavior problems.
system: How do stimulants and nonstimulant drugs differ and are they effectively used together to treat ADHD?
output: Despite the name, stimulants don't make a child excitable. They help them focus their thoughts and ignore distractions. They boost and balance certain brain chemicals. They stimulate the part of the brain that controls impulses. Nonstimulants can improve concentration and impulse control. They tend to have a longer-lasting, smoother effect than stimulants. For some kids, taking these two different types of drugs together can best manage behavior problems.
system: Should stimulants and anti-depressants be used together for ADHD if my child doesn't have depression?
output: Even if your child doesn't have a mood disorder like depression, your doctor may still suggest a combination of these two types of drugs to help with your child's symptoms.
system: Can stimulants and non-stimulants be used together for treatment of ADHD?
output: It may sound strange to take these medications at the same time, but this form of adjunctive therapy has worked for many kids.
system: What types of drugs do doctors prescribe for ADHD?
output: Other kids may start out with a medication to help control symptoms. There are different types of drugs used for ADHD: stimulants, nonstimulants, and antidepressants.
system: How much does timing of ADHD medication matter?
output: You need to make sure she takes her meds exactly as the doctor prescribes. Your child won't get the most benefit if you break from it. Be aware of how long each medication should stay in her system. Some are short-acting, but some work for as long as 24 hours. Make note of any changes in behavior or symptoms. Let the doctor know if you see anything that concerns you.
system: How is ADHD adjunctive therapy used?
output: This is adjunctive therapy. You may also hear it called combination therapy or complementary therapy. For some children with ADHD, the first treatment may be behavioral therapy, which gives the child, parents, and teachers training and tools to deal with symptoms. Even if your child doesn't have a mood disorder like depression, your doctor may still suggest a combination of these two types of drugs to help with your child's symptoms. You need to make sure she takes her meds exactly as the doctor prescribes.
system: Is hearing loss a common part of aging?
output: Think of how a person's first silver strands may only show in a certain light. The start of an age-related hearing problem can be just as subtle. But it's important to pay attention to those first signs. People with untreated hearing loss are more likely to be depressed, feel isolated, and have memory problems later on. If any of these symptoms sound familiar, talk to your doctor or an audiologist about getting a hearing test.
system: How does hearing loss make kids' voices sound muffled or unclear?
output: When aging takes a toll on your cochlea, the inner ear organ that helps you hear, the cells that detect high-pitched sounds are usually the first to fail. This can make it harder to understand anyone with a high-pitched voice, like children and women. It's also the reason you may not hear your microwave beep or the crickets chirping at sunset.
system: Does hearing loss make you feel tired when you socialize?
output: You're exhausted after social events. When you can't hear all the sounds of speech, your brain has to fill in the gaps to make sense of what others are saying. That takes a great deal of focus, especially when there's more than one person speaking at a time. All this effort may leave you tired after social events. If this sounds like you, talk to your doctor or an audiologist. Professionally fit hearing aids could ease the strain.
system: How can hearing loss make you feel that you're ears are clogged?
output: Age-related changes in how the brain processes sound can also make it harder to ignore background noise. Your ears feel clogged. If others in your house complain that the TV is too loud, it's time to get your hearing checked.
system: How can hearing loss make it harder to follow a conversation in noisy places?
output: This can make it harder to understand anyone with a high-pitched voice, like children and women. If you have trouble hearing the high tones, you will hear the noise better than the speech of people around you. Age-related changes in how the brain processes sound can also make it harder to ignore background noise.
system: Are are some signs of hearing loss?
output: The start of an age-related hearing problem can be just as subtle. Children's voices sound muffled or unclear. When aging takes a toll on your cochlea, the inner ear organ that helps you hear, the cells that detect high-pitched sounds are usually the first to fail. You can't follow the conversation in noisy places. You're exhausted after social events. You're watching people's lips instead of making eye contact. Your ears feel clogged. The volume on your TV keeps creeping up.
system: What are symptoms of restrictive cardiomyopathy?
output: Many people with this have none or just minor ones, and they live a normal life. Other people have ones that get more severe as the heart gets worse. Symptoms can happen at any age and may include: Shortness of breath (at first with exercise, but eventually at rest, too) Fatigue Inability to exercise Swelling of the legs and feet Weight gain Nausea, bloating, and poor appetite Palpitations (fluttering in the chest due to abnormal heart rhythms) Fainting Chest pain or pressure Its cause is often unknown but may include: Buildup of scar tissue Buildup of proteins in the heart muscle (your doctor may call this amyloidosis) Chemotherapy or chest exposure to radiation Too much iron in the heart (also called hemochromatosis) Other diseases In some cases, restrictive cardiomyopathy may be confused with something called constrictive pericarditis.
system: Should people with restrictive cardiomyopathy exercise?
output: Exercise: Your doctor will let you know if it's a good idea for you to exercise. While being active is generally good for the heart, people with this may get very tired and short of breath, even after just a little bit of activity. Therefore, experts suggest you: Take frequent breaks. Exercise at a time of day when you have the most energy. Start slow, gradually building up strength and endurance.
system: What medications can help with treating restrictive cardiomyopathy?
output: Medications: Some people may get better by taking types of drugs called beta-blockers and ACE inhibitors. If symptoms are still around, your doctor may add other medicines like digoxin, diuretics, and aldosterone inhibitors.
system: How can the right diet help with treating restrictive cardiomyopathy?
output: Lifestyle changes might include: Diet: Once you have symptoms like shortness of breath or fatigue, how much sodium you get from food becomes important. You'll be told how strict you need to be. It's a good idea to follow those instructions even when your symptoms get better.
system: How is restrictive cardiomyopathy diagnosed?
output: Your doctor will figure out if you have restrictive cardiomyopathy based on: Your symptoms Your family's history of heart disease A physical exam Blood tests An electrocardiogram A chest X-ray An echocardiogram An exercise stress test Cardiac catheterization A CT scan An MRI A biopsy of the heart muscle (your doctor may call this a myocardial biopsy) is sometimes done to figure out the cause. A tissue sample is taken from your heart and looked at under a microscope.
system: What medications can help with treating arrhythmia related to restrictive cardiomyopathy?
output: If you have an arrhythmia, your doctor may prescribe something to control your heart rate or make the arrhythmia happen less often. Therapy may also be given to treat things like sarcoidosis, amyloidosis, and hemochromatosis. Your doctor will let you know which medications are best for you.
system: What condition is confused with restrictive cardiomyopathy?
output: Symptoms can happen at any age and may include: Shortness of breath (at first with exercise, but eventually at rest, too) Fatigue Inability to exercise Swelling of the legs and feet Weight gain Nausea, bloating, and poor appetite Palpitations (fluttering in the chest due to abnormal heart rhythms) Fainting Chest pain or pressure Its cause is often unknown but may include: Buildup of scar tissue Buildup of proteins in the heart muscle (your doctor may call this amyloidosis) Chemotherapy or chest exposure to radiation Too much iron in the heart (also called hemochromatosis) Other diseases In some cases, restrictive cardiomyopathy may be confused with something called constrictive pericarditis. That's where the layers of the sac that surrounds the heart (called the pericardium) become thickened, calcified, and stiff.
system: Can surgery help with treating restrictive cardiomyopathy?
output: In some cases, if the condition is severe, your doctor may talk to you about a heart transplant.
system: What is restrictive cardiomyopathy?
output: Restrictive cardiomyopathy is when the walls of the lower chambers of your heart (called the ventricles) are too rigid to expand as they fill with blood. The pumping ability of the ventricles may be normal, but it's harder for the ventricles to get enough blood. This leads to heart failure. Exercise at a time of day when you have the most energy.
system: When should you call your doctor about low blood pressure?
output: You have been diagnosed with low blood pressure and are experiencing an increase in the frequency of symptoms, such as falling down or passing out.
system: What are the symptoms of low blood pressure?
output: Dizziness Lightheadedness Unsteadiness Dimming or blurring of vision Weakness Fatigue Nausea Cold, clammy skin Fainting Pale skin You experience any of the symptoms listed above.
system: What can happen if you have low blood pressure?
output: If your blood pressure gets severely low, there's a significant danger that your body will not receive enough oxygen to carry out its normal functions. Decreased oxygen can result in impaired functioning of the heart and brain and cause difficulty with breathing. Someone with low blood pressure can lose consciousness or go into shock (when the organs shut down).
system: How common is lung cancer and what causes it?
output: More than four out of every five cases of lung cancer are associated with cigarette smoking.
system: How is Munchausen syndrome treated?
output: Although a person with Munchausen syndrome actively seeks treatment for the various disorders he or she invents, the person often is unwilling to admit to and seek treatment for the syndrome itself. This makes treating people with Munchausen syndrome very challenging, and the outlook for recovery poor. When treatment is sought, the first goal is to modify the person's behavior and reduce his or her misuse or overuse of medical resources. Once this goal is met, treatment aims to work out any underlying psychological issues that may be causing the person's behavior. Another key goal is to help patients avoid dangerous and unnecessary medical diagnostic or treatment procedures (such as surgeries), often sought from different doctors who may be unaware that physical symptoms are either being faked or self-inflicted.
system: What is Munchausen syndrome?
output: Munchausen syndrome is a factitious disorder, a mental disorder in which a person repeatedly and deliberately acts as if he or she has a physical or mental illness when he or she is not really sick. Munchausen syndrome is considered a mental illness because it is associated with severe emotional difficulties. Most of the symptoms in people with Munchausen syndrome are related to physical illness -- symptoms such as chest pain, stomach problems, or fever -- rather than those of a mental disorder.
system: What happens when coronary arteries narrow?
output: When the coronary arteries narrow to the point that blood flow to the heart muscle is limited (coronary artery disease), a network of tiny blood vessels in the heart that aren't usually open (called collateral vessels) may enlarge and become active. This allows blood to flow around the blocked artery to the heart muscle, protecting the heart tissue from injury.
system: How does blood flow through your lungs?
output: This is called the pulmonary circulation. From your pulmonic valve, blood travels to the pulmonary arteries and eventually to tiny capillary vessels in the lungs. Here, oxygen travels from the tiny air sacs in the lungs, through the walls of the capillaries, into the blood. At the same time, carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, passes from the blood into the air sacs. Carbon dioxide leaves the body when you exhale. Once the blood is oxygenated, it travels back to the left atrium through the pulmonary veins.
system: What do valves do in the heart?
output: The heart valves work the same way as one-way valves in the plumbing of your home. They prevent blood from flowing in the wrong direction. Each valve has a set of flaps, called leaflets or cusps. The mitral valve has two leaflets; the others have three. The leaflets are attached to and supported by a ring of tough, fibrous tissue called the annulus. The annulus helps to maintain the proper shape of the valve. The leaflets of the mitral and tricuspid valves are also supported by tough, fibrous strings called chordae tendineae. These are similar to the strings supporting a parachute. They extend from the valve leaflets to small muscles, called papillary muscles, which are part of the inside walls of the ventricles.
system: How does blood flow through the right side of the heart?
output: Right side of the heart Blood enters the heart through two large veins, the inferior and superior vena cava, emptying oxygen-poor blood from the body into the right atrium. As the atrium contracts, blood flows from your right atrium into your right ventricle through the open tricuspid valve. When the ventricle is full, the tricuspid valve shuts. This prevents blood from flowing backward into the right atrium while the ventricle contracts. As the ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the pulmonic valve, into the pulmonary artery and to the lungs, where it is oxygenated. The oxygenated blood then returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins.
system: How does the heart beat?
output: The atria and ventricles work together, alternately contracting and relaxing to pump blood through your heart. This is your heartbeat. The electrical system of your heart is the power source that makes this possible.
system: What does the heart look like on the inside?
output: On the inside, the heart is a four-chambered, hollow organ. It is divided into the left and right side by a muscular wall called the septum. The right and left sides of the heart are further divided into two top chambers called the atria, which receive blood from the veins, and two bottom chambers called ventricles, which pump blood into the arteries.
system: What is a normal heart rate?
output: This fist-sized powerhouse beats (expands and contracts) 100,000 times per day, pumping five or six quarts of blood each minute, or about 2,000 gallons per day.
system: How does blood travel through the heart?
output: As the heart beats, it pumps blood through a system of blood vessels, called the circulatory system. The vessels are elastic, muscular tubes that carry blood to every part of the body. Blood is essential. In addition to carrying fresh oxygen from the lungs and nutrients to your body's tissues, it also takes the body's waste products, including carbon dioxide, away from the tissues. This is necessary to sustain life and promote the health of all the body's tissues.
system: What are the two major coronary arteries?
output: Two major coronary arteries branch off from the aorta near the point where the aorta and the left ventricle meet: Right coronary artery supplies the right atrium and right ventricle with blood. It branches into the posterior descending artery, which supplies the bottom portion of the left ventricle and back of the septum with blood. Left main coronary artery branches into the circumflex artery and the left anterior descending artery. The circumflex artery supplies blood to the left atrium, as well as the side and back of the left ventricle. The left anterior descending artery supplies the front and bottom of the left ventricle and the front of the septum with blood.
system: How does blood flow through the left side of the heart?
output: Left side of the heart The pulmonary veins empty oxygen-rich blood from the lungs into the left atrium. As the atrium contracts, blood flows from your left atrium into your left ventricle through the open mitral valve. When the ventricle is full, the mitral valve shuts. This prevents blood from flowing backward into the atrium while the ventricle contracts. As the ventricle contracts, blood leaves the heart through the aortic valve, into the aorta and to the body.
system: What are the coronary arteries in your heart?
output: Like all organs, your heart is made of tissue that requires a supply of oxygen and nutrients. Although its chambers are full of blood, the heart receives no nourishment from this blood. The heart receives its own supply of blood from a network of arteries, called the coronary arteries.