laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What are normal levels in a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test?
output: For the LDH blood test, they include: Bleeding Bruising Infection Soreness at the site where blood was taken If you have a lumbar puncture, you might have some of these side effects: Headache Infection Bleeding Numbness Higher LDH levels in blood may be a sign of tissue damage or disease. Your blood LDH level can also let your doctor know if your disease is getting worse or whether your treatment is working. Normal levels of LDH in the blood can vary depending on the lab, but usually range between 140 units per liter ( U/ L) to 280 U/ L for adults and tend to be higher for children and teens.
system: What are the risks or side effects of a lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test?
output: For the LDH blood test, they include: Bleeding Bruising Infection Soreness at the site where blood was taken If you have a lumbar puncture, you might have some of these side effects: Headache Infection Bleeding Numbness Higher LDH levels in blood may be a sign of tissue damage or disease.
system: When should I call 911 about a muscle strain?
output: There's significant swelling, pain, fever, bleeding, or open cuts. The person heard a âpoppingâ sound or can't walk, and there is no other way that they can safely and quickly be transported to a medical facility.
system: How can I manage pain and inflammation from muscle strain?
output: Take an over-the-counter pain medication like aspirin or ibuprofen ( Advil, Motrin). Do not give aspirin to anyone under age 18.
system: When should I call a doctor about muscle strain?
output: Call a health care provider if: After a day or two the person can't move or put weight on the affected area. The injured area is cool, pale, or changes color. There is tingling or numbness. There is new or severe pain. The person needs advice on how (and how soon) to resume normal exercise and activity.
system: What lifestyles choices can make you more likely to have a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
output: You may have a higher risk if you: Drink a lot of alcohol Don't get enough exercise Eat too many foods high in cholesterol, saturated fats, and trans fats, and not enough fruits, veggies, and fiber Smoke Use drugs such as amphetamines, cocaine, and heroin Risks for women.
system: How is a transient ischemic attack (TIA) different from a stroke?
output: The main difference is that a TIA only lasts a few minutes. The clot then gets pushed along, like a temporary clog in a pipe, or chemicals in your body quickly break it down. Normal blood flow returns to your brain before any lasting problems set in. Symptoms can last for up to 24 hours, but they're usually gone in an hour. Strokes, on the other hand, don't go away so quickly. That means some part of your brain goes without oxygen, and the longer that lasts, the more damage happens.
system: What are the risk factors of a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
output: The odds of a TIA or stroke get much higher when you're over 55. Family history. African- Americans, as well as people who belong to South Asian and Caribbean ethnic groups, have a higher chance of a TIA than others. Gender. Women have a greater risk of strokes and TIAs than men. Other medical problems you have can also increase the odds of a TIA, including: Being overweight Carotid artery disease, where the main arteries from your heart to your brain are narrowed or clogged Diabetes Heart disease, including heart defects and rhythm problems like atrial fibrillation ( AFib) High blood pressure High cholesterol Peripheral artery disease ( PAD), where arteries in your arms or legs get blocked Sickle cell disease, a genetic condition where misshaped blood cells can get wedged in arteries more easily Lifestyle.
system: What causes a transient ischemic attack (TIA)?
output: If your blood flow gets blocked anywhere, it can bring big trouble. You can also get a TIA if so much plaque builds up in an artery that it severely limits blood flow to the brain, just like a clot. The clot then gets pushed along, like a temporary clog in a pipe, or chemicals in your body quickly break it down. That means some part of your brain goes without oxygen, and the longer that lasts, the more damage happens.
system: When should you see a doctor about a spider bite?
output: See a doctor right away if you were bitten by a black widow and y have extreme pain or other serious symptoms. He may need to give you an antivenom shot. If the site of bite gets infected, you may need antibiotics. You might also need to get a tetanus booster. That's because tetanus spores sometimes collect inside spider bites.
system: How are spider bites diagnosed?
output: These might include: Sharp pain or swelling at the site of the bite Pain that spreads to the back, belly or chest Sweating Severe stomach cramps or pain (most common with black widow bites) Fever Chills Feeling achy all over Joint pain Weakness Nausea Headache A deep ulcer that forms at the site of the bite, with the skin at the center turning purple (can occur from brown recluse bites) Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and how you were bitten. He'll want to know if you saw a spider bite you, and if you did, what the spider looked like. That's really the only way he can know for sure that it was a spider that bit you. If you have more than one bite on different parts of your body, or if several people in your house were also bitten, a spider is probably not to blame. In this case, your doctor will examine you to rule out other causes, like infection or vasculitis (a condition that causes blood vessels to swell).
system: What spiders are very harmful?
output: Only two spiders that are native to the U. S. can do real harm when they bite a person: Black widows and brown recluses. Black widows tend to live in woodpiles, along fences or in outhouses in the South and West. Brown recluses tend to live in garages, attics or piles of rocks or firewood in the Midwest or South. Both of these spiders tend to keep to themselves. They don't bite unless they're cornered. People sometimes invade their spaces without knowing it. That's when they get bitten.
system: What is bacterial vaginosis (BV)?
output: Left untreated, it can raise your risk for several serious health problems. You might have considered taking these good bacteria as a way to maintain a healthy balance of bacteria in your vagina.
system: How do you know which hearing aid is right for you?
output: Work with an audiologist to figure out which kind of hearing aid will work best for you, as well as any special features you need. The right device for you depends on: The type of hearing loss you have and how severe it is Your age How well you can manage small devices Your lifestyle Cost.
system: When should you use a hearing aid?
output: The damage can come from: Disease Aging Loud noises Medications Hearing loss that's due to problems with the ear canal, eardrum, or middle ear is called conductive hearing loss. Most of the time, surgery or other medical help can make it better. But those options aren't right for everyone. If you have an open ear canal and a relatively normal external ear, a hearing aid may help.
system: What special features can you get on your hearing aids?
output: They may help you hear better when it's quiet and when it's noisy. Not everyone with hearing loss can benefit from hearing aids. Work with an audiologist to figure out which kind of hearing aid will work best for you, as well as any special features you need. Directional microphones help you respond better to sound coming from a specific direction and tune out background noise. A telephone switch quiets background noise and is better at picking up sounds from the phone. Direct audio input allows you to plug in a remote microphone or FM listening system. You can also connect directly to a TV or other device. There are other types of hearing aids for specific types of hearing loss. For example, one type uses a bone vibrator for people without an ear canal or outer ear. Others may attach to eyeglasses. Ask about other devices that may make your hearing aids work better in certain settings.
system: What are body temperature symptoms of autonomic neuropathy?
output: They can include: Digestive symptoms: Loose bowel movements (diarrhea) Hard bowel movements (constipation) Feeling less hungry or full after only a few bites of food Nausea Throwing up undigested food Trouble swallowing Heartburn Heart and blood vessel symptoms: Dizziness or fainting when you stand up Very fast heart rate, especially when you exercise Urinary symptoms: Trouble starting to pee or lack of control over peeing A hard time emptying your bladder Urinary tract infections Body temperature symptoms: Night sweats Sweating too much or too little Sweating while you eat Sexual symptoms: Trouble getting an erection (in men) Dry vagina (in women) Low sex drive Problems having an orgasm Vision symptoms: Trouble adjusting between a bright room and a dark one Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and do a physical exam.
system: How are digestive symptoms of autonomic neuropathy treated?
output: Eat smaller meals so you don't feel too full. Add fluid and fiber to your diet to prevent bloating and constipation. Laxatives can help with constipation, and other medicines can treat diarrhea and belly pain. Sleep with the head of your bed raised to prevent heartburn.
system: What are digestive symptoms of autonomic neuropathy?
output: They can include: Digestive symptoms: Loose bowel movements (diarrhea) Hard bowel movements (constipation) Feeling less hungry or full after only a few bites of food Nausea Throwing up undigested food Trouble swallowing Heartburn Heart and blood vessel symptoms: Dizziness or fainting when you stand up Very fast heart rate, especially when you exercise Urinary symptoms: Trouble starting to pee or lack of control over peeing A hard time emptying your bladder Urinary tract infections Body temperature symptoms: Night sweats Sweating too much or too little Sweating while you eat Sexual symptoms: Trouble getting an erection (in men) Dry vagina (in women) Low sex drive Problems having an orgasm Vision symptoms: Trouble adjusting between a bright room and a dark one Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and do a physical exam.
system: What are urinary symptoms of autonomic neuropathy?
output: They can include: Digestive symptoms: Loose bowel movements (diarrhea) Hard bowel movements (constipation) Feeling less hungry or full after only a few bites of food Nausea Throwing up undigested food Trouble swallowing Heartburn Heart and blood vessel symptoms: Dizziness or fainting when you stand up Very fast heart rate, especially when you exercise Urinary symptoms: Trouble starting to pee or lack of control over peeing A hard time emptying your bladder Urinary tract infections Body temperature symptoms: Night sweats Sweating too much or too little Sweating while you eat Sexual symptoms: Trouble getting an erection (in men) Dry vagina (in women) Low sex drive Problems having an orgasm Vision symptoms: Trouble adjusting between a bright room and a dark one Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and do a physical exam.
system: What are sexual symptoms of autonomic neuropathy?
output: They can include: Digestive symptoms: Loose bowel movements (diarrhea) Hard bowel movements (constipation) Feeling less hungry or full after only a few bites of food Nausea Throwing up undigested food Trouble swallowing Heartburn Heart and blood vessel symptoms: Dizziness or fainting when you stand up Very fast heart rate, especially when you exercise Urinary symptoms: Trouble starting to pee or lack of control over peeing A hard time emptying your bladder Urinary tract infections Body temperature symptoms: Night sweats Sweating too much or too little Sweating while you eat Sexual symptoms: Trouble getting an erection (in men) Dry vagina (in women) Low sex drive Problems having an orgasm Vision symptoms: Trouble adjusting between a bright room and a dark one Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and do a physical exam.
system: How are sexual symptoms of autonomic neuropathy treated?
output: To treat sexual symptoms: Drugs like sildenafil ( Revatio, Viagra), tadalafil ( Cialis), and vardenafil ( Levitra, Staxyn) can help men get -- and keep -- an erection. Women can try a water-based lubricant to make sex more comfortable.
system: What causes autonomic neuropathy?
output: They control many different body functions, including: Body temperature Blood pressure Heart rate Digestion Urination Bowel movements Damage to those nerves affects the signals between your brain and your organs. Certain diseases and treatments related to your nerves can cause it -- diabetes is the most common one. Other possibilities include: Abnormal protein buildup, called amyloidosis Autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis, Guillain- BarrÃ© syndrome, lupus, and Sjogren's syndrome Lyme disease HIV Parkinson's disease Inherited diseases such as Riley- Day syndrome Spinal cord injury Surgery Medicines, including some chemotherapy drugs used to treat cancer Chemicals, like acrylamide, and heavy metals These will depend on where the damaged nerves are and which organs are involved.
system: What tests are used to diagnose autonomic neuropathy?
output: She also might recommend blood tests to check for: Diabetes Sjogren's syndrome and other autoimmune diseases Infections like HIV or Lyme disease Other tests you might have include: Tilt-table test. You'll lie on a table, and it will tilt to raise part of your body as if you were standing. Your doctor will watch your blood pressure and heart rate as your position changes. Quantitative sudomotor axon reflex test. This uses a small electrical current to see how your sweat glands are working. Urodynamic tests. These check how well your bladder stores and releases urine. Ultrasound.
system: What is stage 3 of Alzheimer's disease?
output: It's at this point that you start to notice changes in your loved one's thinking and reasoning, such as: Forgets something he just read Asks the same question over and over Has more and more trouble making plans or organizing Can't remember names when meeting new people You can help by being your loved one's "memory" for him, making sure he pays bills and gets to appointments on time.
system: What is stage 7 of Alzheimer's disease?
output: Many basic abilities in a person with Alzheimer's, such as eating, walking, and sitting up, fade during this period. You can stay involved by feeding your loved one with soft, easy-to-swallow food, helping him use a spoon, and making sure he drinks. This is important, as many people at this stage can no longer tell when they're thirsty.
system: What is stage 1 of Alzheimer's disease?
output: When your loved one is in this early phase, he won't have any symptoms that you can spot. Only a PET scan, an imaging test that shows how the brain is working, can reveal whether he's got Alzheimer's. As he moves into the next 6 stages, your friend or relative with Alzheimer's will see more and more changes in his thinking and reasoning.
system: What is stage 6 of Alzheimer's disease?
output: He might also mistake a person for someone else, for instance, thinking his wife is his mother. Delusions might a set in, such as thinking he needs to go to work even though he no longer has a job.
system: What is stage 2 of Alzheimer's disease?
output: You still might not notice anything amiss in your loved one's behavior, but he may be picking up on small differences, things that even a doctor doesn't catch. This could include forgetting a word or misplacing objects. At this stage, subtle symptoms of Alzheimer's don't interfere with his ability to work or live independently. Keep in mind that these symptoms might not be Alzheimer's at all, but simply normal changes from aging.
system: What is stage 4 of Alzheimer's disease?
output: During this period, the problems in thinking and reasoning that you noticed in stage 3 get more obvious, and new issues appear. Your friend or family member might: Forget details about himself Have trouble putting the right date and amount on a check Forget what month or season it is Have trouble cooking meals or even ordering from a menu You can help with everyday chores and his safety.
system: What is stage 5 of Alzheimer's disease?
output: Your loved one might start to lose track of where he is and what time it is. He might have trouble remembering his address, phone number, or where he went to school. He could get confused about what kind of clothes to wear for the day or season.
system: How can talking with teachers help with my child's attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
output: Meet to talk about your child's needs and goals, and see what they can do to help him in class. This might include letting him sit in the front row and away from doors and windows. That can help him avoid distractions and stay focused. The teacher also can better see if he needs a little help. It's also a good idea for your child to have a schedule for the day, and a written behavior plan -- which encourages positive actions -- posted on a nearby wall, or on his desk.
system: How can I help my child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) get support at school?
output: The policies and support available at your child's school : Make a written request to your child's principal for an evaluation for services. On its website, an organization called Children and Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( CHADD) offers an example of a letter you might send. Many public schools also offer social skills groups. These are small gatherings -- usually between two and eight kids -- that are led by a school psychologist or speech therapist. They can help kids learn how to connect with their peers and handle certain social situations.
system: What is an individualized education program (IEP) for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
output: Individualized Education Program ( IEP): If your child needs different expectations of what he learns, or different ways for him to learn it, he should have an IEP. It will: Detail those needs Explain the services the school will give him Note how his progress will be measured 504 Plan: If your child doesn't need an IEP and will be in class with other students on his grade level, this document outlines other ways the school will support him.
system: What are some tips to support your child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
output: A good way to support your child is to create a routine for when they're home: Have him do his homework as close to the same time every day as possible. Set up a special place to do it, too. Let him take breaks every 10 to 20 minutes so he can move around. Make sure these breaks don't involve screens like those on a TV or phone. Make a calendar to keep track of assignments. Set up a way for him to know which ones are most important. For example, you might color-code things to show priorities. Your kid can even use an app to help organize tasks and manage time. Your child is also likely to focus better at school and at home if he has times -- before and after school -- when he can be active. This can also help him get better sleep, which can help with focus and behavior.
system: How can attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affect your child at school?
output: On its website, an organization called Children and Adults with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( CHADD) offers an example of a letter you might send. They can help kids learn how to connect with their peers and handle certain social situations. Meet to talk about your child's needs and goals, and see what they can do to help him in class.
system: Can a saltwater rinse help a toothache?
output: Saltwater Rinse Until you can get to the dentist, one of the best things you can do is swish warm, salty water around in your mouth. A good mix is 1/2 teaspoon table salt to 8 ounces of water. Spit it out, don't swallow it.
system: Can a cold compress help a toothache?
output: Cold Compress If your face is swollen, put an ice pack on your cheek. It may help ease the pain, especially if you've chipped your chopper or knocked it loose. Swelling could also mean you have an abscess, a sac of pus and gunk deep in the roots of your tooth. This can cause serious infection in your jaw and other teeth. Signs include fever and red gums.
system: Can clove oil help a toothache?
output: Clove Oil This natural remedy numbs the pain. Rub it directly on the sore area, or soak a cotton ball and dab it against the tooth and gums. It may be as effective as benzocaine, the numbing ingredient in over-the-counter toothache gels.. Garlic When you crush one of these cloves, you release allicin, an oily liquid and natural disease fighter.
system: What are signs that I have a sleep disorder?
output: However, you might have a sleep disorder if: You regularly experience difficulty sleeping You are often tired during the day, even if you slept for at least seven hours the night before You have a reduced or impaired ability to perform regular daytime activities Your partner has told you that you snore loudly and sometimes seem to stop breathing.
system: What are warning signs of sleep disorder?
output: Struggle to stay awake when inactive, such as when watching television or reading? Have difficulty paying attention or concentrating at work, school, or home? Have performance problems at work or school? Consult your doctor if you have any concerns about your sleep patterns.
system: What should you know about dental care if you have chest pain (angina)?
output: People with heart disease have special needs when it comes to dental care. Ask your dentist if oxygen and nitroglycerin are available in case a medical emergency should arise during your office visit. Calcium channel blockers in particular can cause the gum tissue to swell and overgrow, resulting in chewing difficulties. In some cases, gum surgery to remove excess gum tissue, called a gingivectomy, may be needed. While patients with stable angina (chest pain that occurs in a predictable pattern) can undergo any dental procedure, patients with unstable angina (new chest pain or unpredictable chest pain) should not undergo elective (nonessential) dental procedures, and emergency dental care should be performed in a hospital or office equipped with cardiac monitoring capability.
system: What should you know about dental care after a stroke?
output: People with heart disease have special needs when it comes to dental care. If you've had a stroke in the past, tell your dentist if you are taking anticoagulants (blood-thinning drugs). These medications could result in excessive bleeding during some oral surgery procedures. If your stroke has impaired your ability to produce an adequate amount of saliva, your dentist may recommend the use of artificial saliva. If your stroke has affected your face, tongue, or dominant hand and arm, your dentist may also recommend use of fluoride gels, modified brushing or flossing techniques, adding rinsing and strategies others can use to assist you in maintaining good oral hygiene.
system: What should you know about dental care if you have high blood pressure?
output: People with heart disease have special needs when it comes to dental care. Some high blood pressure drugs can cause dry mouth or alter your sense of taste. Calcium channel blockers in particular can cause the gum tissue to swell and overgrow, resulting in chewing difficulties. If you do experience gum overgrowth, your dentist will give you detailed oral hygiene instructions and may ask you to make more frequent dental visits for cleanings. In some cases, gum surgery to remove excess gum tissue, called a gingivectomy, may be needed.
system: What is the link between periodontal disease and heart disease?
output: People with heart disease have special needs when it comes to dental care. Various researchers and government agencies continue to investigate the possible relationship between gum (periodontal) disease and heart disease. Some researchers speculate that bacteria in the mouth that are involved in the development of gum disease move into the bloodstream and cause inflammation in the blood vessels -- changes that in turn contribute to heart disease and stroke.