laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What low vision aids can be helpful for daily activities?
output: Non-optical aids are also helpful in daily activities. These devices "talk" to you, or offer enlarged print or Braille. Many also have special features, such as high contrast, that make them easier to see. Some popular non-optical devices include: Text reading software Braille readers Check guides High contrast clocks and watches Talking watches and clocks Large-print publications Clocks, phones, and watches with enlarged numbers Low vision clinics and agencies are available in many locations which can help people choose the most helpful vision aids and services for their personal visual problem.
system: How can I learn more about vision loss?
output: There are steps you can take to better cope with the condition, including: You can order written or taped materials on vision loss through state agencies and non-profit organizations. You may also find it helpful to discuss vision loss with your doctor, as well as other people who have lost vision.
system: How can I help the challenge of vision loss?
output: Tasks as simple as dressing in the morning or as complex as cooking a meal become new challenges after vision loss. In adjustment classes, individuals can learn new or alternative techniques to help maintain independence. While building mobility and motor skills, these classes and aids also teach the patience and confidence required to live with low vision on a daily basis.
system: Is vision loss treatable?
output: Unfortunately, some eye conditions cannot be treated, resulting in low vision or blindness.
system: Does insurance cover varicose and spider vein treatment?
output: Many insurance companies cover the cost of treating varicose veins, but generally not spider veins. The best approach is to check with your insurance company before considering treatment options.
system: What is sclerotherapy for varicose and spider veins?
output: This procedure uses a highly concentrated saline (salt) solution or a specially made detergent that is injected directly into the vein, causing the vein to disappear gradually over three to six weeks. The procedure is simple, relatively inexpensive, and can be performed in an outpatient setting.
system: What is radiofrequency occlusion for varicose and spider veins?
output: A small catheter is inserted into the vein. The catheter delivers radiofrequency energy to the vein wall, causing it to heat, collapse, and seal shut. The procedure is generally done in an outpatient or office setting, sometimes under local anesthesia.
system: What is endovenous laser treatment for varicose and spider veins?
output: Endovenous laser treatment is a procedure in which a small laser fiber is inserted into the vein. Pulses of laser light are delivered inside the vein, which causes the vein to collapse. The procedure is done as an outpatient under local anesthesia.
system: Can surgery help varicose and spider veins?
output: Surgical techniques to treat varicose veins include ligation (tying off of a vein) and stripping (removal of a long segment of vein). Another procedure, ambulatory phlebectomy, allows for the removal of large surface veins through very small incisions that do not need stitches. Surgery may be performed using local, spinal, or general anesthesia. Most patients return home the same day as the procedure. Surgery is generally used to treat large varicose veins.
system: What makes you likely to get varicose and spider veins?
output: A number of factors predispose a person to varicose veins and spider veins. These include: Heredity Occupations that involve a lot of standing, such as nurses, hair stylists, teachers, and factory workers Obesity Hormonal influences of pregnancy, puberty, and menopause The use of birth control pills Postmenopausal hormonal replacement A history of blood clots Conditions that cause increased pressure in the abdomen, such as tumors, constipation, and externally worn garments like girdles. Other reported causes include trauma or injury to the skin, previous vein surgery, and exposure to ultraviolet rays.
system: What are symptoms of varicose and spider veins?
output: Many people with varicose veins complain of pain, described as an aching or cramping in the legs. Other common symptoms include tiredness, restlessness, burning, throbbing, tingling, or heaviness in the legs.
system: Can support stocking help treat varicose and spider veins?
output: The most conservative approach is simply to wear properly-fitting support hose, especially when the veins cause painful or uncomfortable symptoms. These stockings can generally be purchased at any surgical supply store and at some pharmacies. They come in below-the-knee, above-the-knee, and pantyhose styles.
system: What happens in trisomy 13?
output: The extra 13th chromosome causes severe mental and physical problems. Unfortunately, most babies born with it don't live past their first month or year. But some can survive for years. That's because there are two different kinds of trisomy 13. Babies can have three copies of chromosome number 13 in all of their cells, or in only some of them. The symptoms depend on how many cells have the extra chromosome.
system: What are the complications of trisomy 13?
output: Other birth defects of trisomy 13 include: Clenched hands Cleft lip or palate Extra fingers or toes (polydactyly) Hernias Kidney, wrist, or scalp problems Low-set ears Small head (microcephaly) Undescended testes Babies born with trisomy 13 can have many health problems, and more than 80% don't survive more than a few weeks. Those that do can have serious complications including: Breathing difficulties Congenital heart defects Hearing loss High blood pressure (hypertension) Intellectual disabilities Neurological problems Pneumonia Seizures Slow growth Trouble feeding or digesting food There is no cure for trisomy 13, and treatments focus on your baby's symptoms.
system: What is trisomy 13?
output: Trisomy 13 is a genetic disorder that your baby gets when she has an extra 13th chromosome. In other words, she has three copies of her chromosome 13 when she should have just two. It happens when cells divide abnormally during reproduction, and create extra genetic material on chromosome 13.
system: How is trisomy 13 diagnosed?
output: But it's better that you know everything you can about this chromosomal disorder as early in your pregnancy as possible. That way you can discuss all of your options with your doctor and determine what's best for you and your baby. They only alert your doctor that your baby is more likely to have trisomy 13, and that you need more tests to confirm it.
system: What are the symptoms of trisomy 13?
output: Trisomy 13 is a genetic disorder that your baby gets when she has an extra 13th chromosome. Other birth defects of trisomy 13 include: Clenched hands Cleft lip or palate Extra fingers or toes (polydactyly) Hernias Kidney, wrist, or scalp problems Low-set ears Small head (microcephaly) Undescended testes Babies born with trisomy 13 can have many health problems, and more than 80% don't survive more than a few weeks. However, babies born with trisomy 13 rarely live into their teens.
system: What are the signs of stress?
output: Common signs of stress include depression, sleep problems, tension, anxiety, work mistakes, poor concentration, and apathy, among many others. If high levels of unwanted stress are not properly managed, your health and sense of well-being can suffer. Therefore, it is important to learn how to manage stress.
system: When should you see your doctor about brain tumors?
output: Other symptoms related to bone tumors may include: Fevers Night sweats Swelling around a bone Limping If you think you might have a bone tumor, see your doctor right way. Your doctor will ask you questions about your symptoms and medical history and do a physical exam. You may need blood and imaging tests. To confirm a diagnosis, your doctor may remove tissue with a needle or through a cut and have it examined under a microscope for signs of cancer. This is called a biopsy.
system: What are the most common type of bone cancer?
output: These are some of the most common types of primary bone cancer: Osteosarcoma is most common around the knee and upper arm.
system: What are the symptoms of bone tumors?
output: You may have no symptoms of a bone tumor, whether it's cancer or not. This is common. Your doctor may find a tumor when looking at an X-ray of another problem, such as a sprain. But symptoms may include pain that: Is in the area of the tumor Is dull or achy May get worse with activity Wakes you at night Trauma does not cause a bone tumor, but a bone that is weakened by a tumor may break more easily. This can cause severe pain. Other symptoms related to bone tumors may include: Fevers Night sweats Swelling around a bone Limping If you think you might have a bone tumor, see your doctor right way.
system: How are benign bone tumors treated?
output: Benign tumors are watched or may be treated with medication. Your doctor may remove benign tumors that are more likely to spread or become cancer. In some cases, tumors come back, even after treatment.
system: Is multiple myeloma a primary bone cancer?
output: Although almost always found in bone, multiple myelomais not a primary bone cancer. It is a bone marrow cancer. Bone marrow is the soft tissue inside bones.
system: Which cancers most commonly spread to the bone?
output: Cancers that commonly spread to bone include: Breast cancer Prostate cancer Lung cancer Primary bone cancer, or bone sarcoma, is a cancerous tumor that starts in the bone.
system: How is radiation therapy used to treat bone cancer?
output: Chemotherapy kills tumor cells with cancer drugs. Chemotherapy may be given before surgery, after surgery, or for metastatic disease.
system: What is primary bone sarcoma?
output: Benign tumors are more common than tumors caused by cancer. Cancers that commonly spread to bone include: Breast cancer Prostate cancer Lung cancer Primary bone cancer, or bone sarcoma, is a cancerous tumor that starts in the bone. The cause is not certain, but heredity may play a role. Radiation therapy or cancer drugs may raise your chances of getting this type of cancer.
system: What is primary bone sarcoma and what causes it?
output: Benign tumors are more common than tumors caused by cancer. Cancers that commonly spread to bone include: Breast cancer Prostate cancer Lung cancer Primary bone cancer, or bone sarcoma, is a cancerous tumor that starts in the bone. The cause is not certain, but heredity may play a role. Radiation therapy or cancer drugs may raise your chances of getting this type of cancer.
system: If one of my kids is in the hospital, how can I make my other children feel included if they can't go to the hospital?
output: At times when children may not be permitted to visit the hospital, ask siblings to draw pictures or make cards to put in the sick child's room. Ask them to collect some of the sick child's personal items, such as books or stuffed animals, to be sent to the hospital.
system: Who can help a family deal with a child's serious illness?
output: 9- to 12-year-olds: Problems in school, behavioral and/or academic Aggression Withdrawal from regular activities Extreme weight change and eating disorders Suicidal thoughts Teens: Anger Guilt Weight change and eating disorders Substance abuse Opposition to or defiance of parents; struggling to become more independent from parents while parents may cling more to the child Suicidal thoughts Many hospitals have groups or organized therapeutic activities for siblings of seriously ill children. Caregivers also refer families to community resources, including summer camps and other recreational programs. Pediatric psychiatrists and licensed clinical social workers are trained to help families manage grief and the demands of caring for a chronically ill child Child-life specialists give individualized attention to siblings of sick children.
system: Can you treat gallstones without surgery?
output: If you have a medical condition and your doctor feels you shouldn't have an operation, he may prescribe the medications chenodiol ( Chenodol), ursodiol ( Actigall, Urso 250, Urso Forte), or both. These drugs work by dissolving cholesterol stones. Mild diarrhea can be a side effect. The downside of using either medication is that you may have to take it for years to completely dissolve the stones, which may come back after you stop taking the drug.
system: How do doctors diagnose gallstones?
output: But if you do get symptoms, they usually include: Pain in your upper belly and upper back that can last for several hours Nausea Vomiting Other digestive problems, including bloating, indigestion and heartburn, and gas If your doctor thinks you may have gallstones, he'll give you a physical exam. You may also get: Blood tests to check for signs of infection or obstruction, and to rule out other conditions. Ultrasound. This quick procedure makes images of the inside of your body. CT scan. Specialized X-rays allow your doctor to see inside your body, including your gallbladder. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography ( MRCP). This test uses a magnetic field and pulses of radio-wave energy to make pictures of the inside of your body, including the liver and the gallbladder. Cholescintigraphy ( HIDA scan). This test can check on whether the gallbladder squeezes correctly. Doctors inject a harmless radioactive material, which makes its way to the organ. The technician can then watch its movement. Endoscopic ultrasound. This test combines ultrasound and endoscopy to look for gallstones. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ( ERCP). The doctor inserts an endoscope through your mouth down to the small intestine and injects a dye to allow the bile ducts to be seen. He can often then remove any gallstones that have moved into the ducts.
system: Who is at risk for gallstones?
output: You're more likely to get gallstones if: You're obese. This is one of the biggest risk factors. Obesity can raise your cholesterol level and also make it harder for the gallbladder to empty completely. You take birth control pills, hormone replacement therapy for menopause symptoms, or are pregnant. The extra estrogen is the problem. It can increase cholesterol and make it harder for the gallbladder to empty. You have diabetes. People with this condition tend to have higher levels of triglycerides (a type of blood fat), which is a risk factor for gallstones. You take medicine to lower your cholesterol. Some of these drugs boost the amount of cholesterol in bile, which may increase your chances of getting cholesterol stones. You lost weight too quickly. Your liver makes extra cholesterol, which may lead to gallstones. You're fasting. Your gallbladder may not squeeze as much. Gallstones are also more likely if they run in your family, and they're likelier among women, older people, and some ethnic groups, including Native Americans and Mexican- Americans.
system: What are gallstones?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } They aren't really stones. They're pieces of solid material that form in the gallbladder, a small organ located under the liver. You might not even know you have them until they block a bile duct, causing pain that you need to get treated right away.
system: What are the symptoms of gallstones?
output: You might not even know you have them until they block a bile duct, causing pain that you need to get treated right away. But if you do get symptoms, they usually include: Pain in your upper belly and upper back that can last for several hours Nausea Vomiting Other digestive problems, including bloating, indigestion and heartburn, and gas If your doctor thinks you may have gallstones, he'll give you a physical exam.
system: What are the different types of gallstones?
output: These are usually yellow-green in color. They're the most common kind, accounting for 80% of gallstones. Pigment stones. These stones are smaller and darker. They're made up of bilirubin, which comes from bile, a fluid your liver makes and your gallbladder stores. There are two different kinds of operations.
system: What causes gallstones?
output: Your body needs bile, but if it has too much cholesterol in it, that makes gallstones more likely. It can also happen if your gallbladder can't empty properly. Pigment stones are more common in people with certain medical conditions, such as cirrhosis (a liver disease) or blood diseases such as sickle cell anemia. Specialized X-rays allow your doctor to see inside your body, including your gallbladder.
system: What do the abbreviations on a prescription for glasses mean?
output: When you look at your prescription for eyeglasses, you will see numbers listed under the headings of OS and OD. They are Latin abbreviations: OS (oculus sinister) means the left eye and OD (oculus dextrus) means the right eye. Occasionally, you will see a notation for OU, which means something involving both eyes. In general, the further away from zero the number on your prescription, the worse your eyesight and the more vision correction (stronger prescription) you need. A âplusâ (+) sign in front of the number means you are farsighted, and a âminusâ (-) sign means you are nearsighted. These numbers represent diopters, the unit used to measure the correction, or focusing power, of the lens your eye requires. Diopter is often abbreviated " D." var s_context; s_context= s_context || {}; s_context['wb.modimp'] = 'vidfloat'; if(webmd.useragent && webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop'){ webmd.ads2.disable Initial Load(); webmd.ads2.disable Ads Init = true; $(function() { webmd.p.pim.increment(); $('.responsive-video-container').insert After('.module-social-share-container'); require(['video2/1/responsive-player/video-loader'], function(video Loader) { video Loader.init({ autoplay: webmd.useragent.ua.type === 'desktop' && !
system: How many children in the United States have mental illness?
output: In any given year, 20% of American children will be diagnosed with a mental illness. Symptoms in children vary depending on the type of mental illness, but some of the general symptoms include: Abuse of drugs and/or alcohol Inability to cope with daily problems and activities Changes in sleeping and/or eating habits Excessive complaints of physical ailments Defying authority, skipping school, stealing, or damaging property Intense fear of gaining weight Long-lasting negative moods, often accompanied by poor appetite and thoughts of death Frequent outbursts of anger Changes in school performance, such as getting poor grades despite good efforts Loss of interest in friends and activities they usually enjoy Significant increase in time spent alone Excessive worrying or anxiety Hyperactivity Persistent nightmares or night terrors Persistent disobedience or aggressive behavior Hearing voices or seeing things that are not there (hallucinations) The exact cause of most mental disorders is not known, but research suggests that a combination of factors, including heredity, biology, psychological trauma, and environmental stress, might be involved.
system: Can you fix thinning hair?
output: Short of a transplant, is there anything you can do to stop thinning hair?
system: What is minoxidil and how can it help thinning hair?
output: This is the only over-the-counter medication for hair loss approved by the FDA for use by both men and women. It won't rescue a receding hairline. It does stimulate hair growth, although scientists aren't quite sure how it works. Minoxidil is available as Rogaine or Theroxidil, or in generic form. It's sold as a liquid or foam and in two strengths: 2% and 5%. Effectiveness: Minoxidil works for about 2 out of 3 men. It's most effective if you're under age 40 and have only recently started to lose your hair. What it doesn't do: Minoxidil does not cure baldness. If you stop using it, you will start losing hair again. Your hair may fall out faster than before. Side effects: You may have redness, itching, dryness, flaking, or other scalp irritation, though this is uncommon. It's more likely if you use the stronger 5% solution.
system: When should you see a doctor about hair loss?
output: If you stop taking it, you will lose hair again. It may be caused by illnesses, medicine, or low levels of iron or vitamin D.
system: What is biotin and low level laser therapy (LLLT), and how can it help thinning hair?
output: Biotin is a B vitamin that is essential for your health. No scientific studies have shown biotin to prevent or treat hair loss. You may have heard that laser combs, brushes, hoods, and caps can help halt hair loss. But there's not enough evidence that any of these devices restore hair or prevent balding.
system: How does high blood pressure affect the retina of your eye?
output: Hypertension can cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina, the area at the back of the eye where images focus. This eye disease is known as hypertensive retinopathy. The damage can be serious if hypertension is not treated.
system: What are the symptoms of hypertensive retinopathy?
output: A person typically won't experience symptoms of mild to moderate hypertensive retinopathy; it is usually discovered during a routine eye exam. Symptoms of more severe and accelerated hypertension might include headaches and vision problems.
system: How is hypertensive retinopathy treated?
output: Using an ophthalmoscope, an instrument that projects light to examine the back of the eyeball, the doctor will look for signs of retinopathy that include: Narrowing of blood vessels Spots on the retina known as cotton wool spots and exudates Swelling of the macula (the central area of the retina) and optic nerve Bleeding in the back of the eye The best way to treat hypertensive retinopathy is to adequately control your blood pressure.
system: How can you prevent hypertensive retinopathy?
output: To prevent hypertensive retinopathy, keep your blood pressure under control by reaching and maintaining your optimal weight, sticking with a diet recommended by your physician, exercising regularly, and faithfully taking your high blood pressure medications as prescribed. In addition, see your doctor on a regular basis for follow-up care.
system: What is saw palmetto used for?
output: Common Names--saw palmetto, American dwarf palm tree, cabbage palm Latin Names-- Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata Saw palmetto is used mainly for urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate gland (also called benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH). Saw palmetto is also used for other conditions, including chronic pelvic pain, bladder disorders, decreased sex drive, hair loss, and hormone imbalances.
system: What does science suggest about using saw palmetto to treat the prostate?
output: While several small studies suggest that saw palmetto may be effective for treating BPH symptoms, most larger trials found little or no evidence that saw palmetto affects prostate disease. In 2006, a large study of 225 men with moderate-to-severe BPH found no improvement with 320 mg saw palmetto daily for 1 year versus placebo. NCCAM co-funded the study with the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Saw palmetto does not appear to affect readings of prostate-specific antigen ( PSA) levels. PSA is protein produced by cells in the prostate. The PSA test is used to screen for prostate cancer and to monitor patients who have had prostate cancer.
system: What are the Latin names for saw palmetto?
output: Common Names--saw palmetto, American dwarf palm tree, cabbage palm Latin Names-- Serenoa repens, Sabal serrulata Saw palmetto is used mainly for urinary symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate gland (also called benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH).