laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: Why is my baby's skin blue?
output: There are two reasons why the blood under you baby's skin might look blue: The lungs are not getting enough oxygen. Since oxygen is what makes blood turn red, blood cells without oxygen remain blue ("cyanosis"). The underlying blood is moving sluggishly, so the normal veins underneath that carry blue, oxygen-poor blood back to the heart are more noticeable.
system: What are tips for concerned parents of a baby with skin that looks blue?
output: If you are concerned about a blue tinge to your baby's skin, check his entire body. An off-and-on blue cast to the hands and feet, with pink skin elsewhere, is not a sign of a problem, but rather just a little bit of immaturity of the circulatory system, which will go away over time.
system: When should I worry about my baby's blue skin?
output: If there is a bluish cast over the entire body, the blood may be lacking sufficient oxygen. Blue primarily around the lips may also indicate low blood oxygen. This is very worrisome and you should seek medical attention immediately. It's also concerning if you notice any blueness at all when it seem like your baby might be having trouble breathing. But you don't need to worry if your baby's hands and feet turn blue for a short period of time when the rest of the body is pink and your baby is breathing normally.
system: What does it mean if your baby's skin looks blue?
output: Fortunately, in most cases it's quite normal and harmless as long as it's temporary. An off-and-on blue cast to the hands and feet, with pink skin elsewhere, is not a sign of a problem, but rather just a little bit of immaturity of the circulatory system, which will go away over time.
system: How is cradle cap prevented?
output: Once the cradle cap is under control, you can keep it at bay by washing your baby's hair often enough with baby shampoo and brushing her scalp with a soft brush. Ask your pediatrician how often to wash your baby's hair after cradle cap goes away. Your doctor may also suggest that you use the hydrocortisone cream or another lotion or ointment after the cradle cap has stopped being a problem.
system: What are the causes of cradle cap?
output: They think the rough patches may appear when the oil glands in your baby's skin produce more oil than they need to. Doctors think the glands sometimes work harder because of the influence of the mother's hormones. They're left over from when your baby was in your womb. Some doctors may prescribe hydrocortisone cream for cradle cap, but only if the scalp is inflamed.
system: What are tear ducts?
output: Tear ducts are like tiny tunnels that your tears pass through. They're part of the drainage system that goes from your eyes to your throat. Glands inside your eyelids and the white part of your eyes constantly release tears into your eyes. As you blink, they drain out. They exit through two small holes called puncta in the upper and lower inside corners of your eyelids, next to your nose.
system: What causes blocked tear ducts in infants?
output: Sometimes babies are born with blocked tear ducts. This happens because a piece of tissue that covers the duct doesn't open up at birth like it should. It will usually open on its own within a few months. Less often, tear ducts get blocked because the tear drainage system didn't form correctly in the womb.
system: What causes blocked tear ducts in adults?
output: In adults, tear ducts can get blocked for lots of reasons: The holes in the corners of the eyes, the puncta, narrow due to age. Trauma cuts the drainage duct. A broken nose or other injury leaves scar tissue that presses on the tear duct. Small, rounded growths called polyps form in the nose and block the duct. An infection in the eye or nose causes swelling around the tear duct. Sinus surgery damages the tear ducts or the holes that drain to them. Eye drops to treat glaucoma make the conjunctiva and the tear ducts swell. Radioactive iodine and chemotherapy treatment for cancer cause swelling in the tear ducts.
system: What are blocked tear ducts?
output: They flow across the surface of your eyes to clean and moisten them, then they leave your eyes through a system of tiny drainage tubes that run along your nose. Sometimes these tubes can get narrowed or blocked, which prevents the tears from draining out of your eyes. This extra fluid can leave your eyes watery. If your eyes are watery and irritated, get them checked to find out whether it's a blocked tear duct. If it is, your eye doctor has things he can do to open up the blockage and help your tears flow normally again. If the portion of the tear duct in the bone of the nose is blocked, it can cause a serious infection of the tear sac called dacryocystitis. Tear duct probing.
system: How should I tell my family about my melanoma diagnosis?
output: Who you tell about your diagnosis is completely up to you. When you're deciding, it helps to keep some things in mind: If you have melanoma, it means your parents, siblings, and children have a higher risk for skin cancer, too. So your information could help them protect their own health. If you have kids, you can tell them as much about your diagnosis as you think they can handle, based on their age or how mature they are. But be prepared to have more than one conversation with them about it.
system: How can I be sure that my melanoma diagnosis is true?
output: Melanoma can be tricky to diagnose and to treat. You don't have to take your doctor's word as the final say on either of them. Think about asking another specialist to confirm the diagnosis and to discuss your options for treatment.
system: When should I tell my family about my melanoma diagnosis and how much should I tell them?
output: Don't let yourself be rushed. You can decide if and when you're ready to reveal information. It's OK to put limits on how much you say.
system: Where can I find information on melanoma?
output: Your doctor is a good starting point for information, but you can also look up support networks and online message boards. Be sure you're looking at information from reliable, well-known groups, though. Also, keep in mind that what some people went through with melanoma may not happen to you.
system: When should I consider seeing a professional for mental support after a melanoma diagnosis?
output: It can be scary to learn you have melanoma. You don't have to take your doctor's word as the final say on either of them. There are lots of them who can give advice and, most importantly, hope. One day, you may be able to return the favor.
system: Why is it important to learn about melanoma after being diagnosed?
output: It can be scary to learn you have melanoma. And less stress means a better shot at recovery.
system: Do I still need a second opinion if I am sure that I have melanoma after the first diagnosis?
output: There are many cancer treatments out there, and what works for one person may not work for you. Don't feel bad. Doctors are used to patients asking for second opinions. Some even recommend it. And not only will most insurance companies pay for a visit to another doc, some require it. But be prepared to have more than one conversation with them about it.
system: How is a biopsy used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?
output: A surgeon removes tissue by opening the abdomen during a laparotomy or by inserting tools through small holes in the abdomen (laparoscopy). If the doctor suspects cancer, he or she may remove one or more organs. A pathologist studies the tissue sample under a microscope to confirm a diagnosis of cancer.
system: How is a paracentesis used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?
output: In cases where surgery is not possible or ascites could be due to other causes, the doctor may instead remove fluid for examination under a microscope. This is called paracentesis.
system: How is peritoneal cancer related to ovarian cancers?
output: Peritoneal cancer acts and looks like ovarian cancer. This is mainly because the surface of the ovaries is made of epithelial cells, as is the peritoneum. Therefore, peritoneal cancer and a type of ovarian cancer cause similar symptoms. Doctors also treat them in much the same way. Despite its similarities with ovarian cancer, you can have peritoneal cancer even if your ovaries have been removed. Peritoneal cancer can occur anywhere in the abdominal space. It affects the surface of organs contained inside the peritoneum.
system: How is a CA-125 blood test used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?
output: This test measures levels of a chemical in the blood called CA-125. If levels are high, peritoneal or ovarian cancer may be present. But CA-125 can be high for other reasons. So, this test cannot confirm a diagnosis of these cancers.
system: What does hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for peritoneal cancer consist of?
output: This is administration of heated chemotherapy into the peritoneum after surgery. This technique is common for peritoneal cancer that has spread from the appendix, colon, or stomach.
system: How is chemotherapy used to treat peritoneal cancer?
output: The drugs for treating peritoneal cancer are similar to those used for ovarian cancer. You may receive these drugs by injection on an outpatient basis every one, two, or three weeks. Sometimes, chemotherapy is delivered directly into the abdomen through a catheter that was placed under the skin during surgery. This is called intraperitoneal chemotherapy. You also receive it about every three weeks, but it is a more complex treatment cycle.
system: What is the prognosis for peritoneal cancer?
output: Peritoneal cancer can spread quickly because the peritoneum is rich in lymph and blood through which it can travel. Recurrence after treatment is common with peritoneal cancer. That's because this cancer is often diagnosed in an advanced stage. You may need more than one round of chemotherapy or other surgeries.
system: How is peritoneal cancer treated?
output: You may have more than one type of treatment for peritoneal cancer. The type of treatment you have depends upon: The stage and grade of the cancer The size and location of the cancer Your age and overall health Treatments for peritoneal cancer include: Surgery.
system: How similar is peritoneal cancer to ovarian cancer?
output: Peritoneal cancer acts and looks like ovarian cancer. This is mainly because the surface of the ovaries is made of epithelial cells, as is the peritoneum. Therefore, peritoneal cancer and a type of ovarian cancer cause similar symptoms. Doctors also treat them in much the same way.
system: Can you still have peritoneal cancer if your ovaries are removed?
output: Despite its similarities with ovarian cancer, you can have peritoneal cancer even if your ovaries have been removed. Peritoneal cancer can occur anywhere in the abdominal space. It affects the surface of organs contained inside the peritoneum.
system: How is HIPEC (hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy) used to treat peritoneal cancer?
output: This is administration of heated chemotherapy into the peritoneum after surgery. This technique is common for peritoneal cancer that has spread from the appendix, colon, or stomach.
system: Who is most at risk for peritoneal cancer?
output: Peritoneal cancer starts in the peritoneum, and hence is called primary peritoneal cancer. Despite its similarities with ovarian cancer, you can have peritoneal cancer even if your ovaries have been removed. Older age is another risk factor for peritoneal cancer.
system: What tests may be given for peritoneal cancer?
output: High-frequency sound waves produce a picture called a sonogram. CA-125 blood test. This test measures levels of a chemical in the blood called CA-125. If levels are high, peritoneal or ovarian cancer may be present. But CA-125 can be high for other reasons. So, this test cannot confirm a diagnosis of these cancers. CT scan . A computer linked to an X-ray machine produces detailed pictures of the inside the body. Lower GI series or barium enema. With this test, you first receive an enema containing a white, chalky solution called barium. This outlines the colon and rectum on an X-ray. It makes it possible to spot some tumors and other problems. Upper GI series. With this test, barium is swallowed and the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) are outlined on an X-ray. Biopsy . A surgeon removes tissue by opening the abdomen during a laparotomy or by inserting tools through small holes in the abdomen (laparoscopy). If the doctor suspects cancer, he or she may remove one or more organs. A pathologist studies the tissue sample under a microscope to confirm a diagnosis of cancer. Paracentesis. In cases where surgery is not possible or ascites could be due to other causes, the doctor may instead remove fluid for examination under a microscope. You may have more than one type of treatment for peritoneal cancer.
system: How is palliative care used to treat peritoneal cancer?
output: Supportive care can help relieve symptoms of peritoneal cancer such as pain, weight loss, or fluid buildup. That's because this cancer is often diagnosed in an advanced stage.
system: How can you tell if you have peritoneal cancer in an exam?
output: A pathologist studies the tissue sample under a microscope to confirm a diagnosis of cancer. So, the pattern and location of any tumors helps indicate which type of cancer is present.
system: What causes peritoneal cancer?
output: However, there are different theories about how it begins. Some believe it comes from ovarian tissue implants left in the abdomen during fetal development. Others think the peritoneum undergoes changes that make it more like the ovaries. The type of treatment you have depends upon: The stage and grade of the cancer The size and location of the cancer Your age and overall health Treatments for peritoneal cancer include: Surgery.
system: How is a CT scan used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?
output: Just as with ovarian cancer, peritoneal cancer can be hard to detect in the early stages. A computer linked to an X-ray machine produces detailed pictures of the inside the body.
system: How is an upper GI series used to diagnose peritoneal cancer?
output: Just as with ovarian cancer, peritoneal cancer can be hard to detect in the early stages. With this test, you first receive an enema containing a white, chalky solution called barium. With this test, barium is swallowed and the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (the first part of the small intestine) are outlined on an X-ray.
system: Are the symptoms of peritoneal cancer easy to spot?
output: Then, symptoms resemble those of ovarian cancer. Many of these symptoms are due to buildup of fluid (ascites) in the abdomen. Doctors often diagnose peritoneal cancer in advanced stages.
system: What is peritoneal cancer?
output: It also covers the uterus, bladder, and rectum. Made of epithelial cells, this structure is called the peritoneum. It produces a fluid that helps organs move smoothly inside the abdomen. Peritoneal cancer is not the same as intestinal or stomach cancer. Nor is it to be confused with cancers that spread (metastasize) to the peritoneum. Peritoneal cancer starts in the peritoneum, and hence is called primary peritoneal cancer. Some believe it comes from ovarian tissue implants left in the abdomen during fetal development.
system: What should you expect if you have peritoneal cancer?
output: To stage and treat this cancer, a surgeon removes all visible disease. These doctors have special knowledge of gynecologic cancers. Your doctors will closely watch you after treatment. Peritoneal cancer can spread quickly because the peritoneum is rich in lymph and blood through which it can travel. Recurrence after treatment is common with peritoneal cancer. That's because this cancer is often diagnosed in an advanced stage. You may need more than one round of chemotherapy or other surgeries. Be sure to seek support for yourself as you go through treatment and healing.
system: What are the signs of slow transit constipation?
output: Signs of this kind of constipation include: Not feeling the urge to go to the bathroom Pooping less than once a week Passing dry, hard stools A bloated or painful belly This type is more common in young women. Doctors aren't sure why. Laxatives and fiber may not work for this type, but behavioral training (biofeedback) may help.
system: When does someone have a defecation disorder?
output: You may have this problem if you: Spend a lot of time on the toilet straining and pushing to move your bowels Use your fingers to get stool out or use enemas frequently Laxatives or fiber supplements don't relieve your constipation People with this type often have hemorrhoids, cracks around the anus called fissures, and hard, impacted stools. These problems need treatment because they can make it even more difficult and painful to go. It's not clear what brings this kind of constipation on, but it's often treated with behavioral and relaxation training.
system: What are defecation disorders?
output: Defecation disorders: It takes coordinated muscle movements in your pelvic floor to move stool out of your body. These muscles, including your anal sphincter, need to relax at the right time for you to poop comfortably. If you have this type of constipation, you may feel the urge to go but have a hard time doing it. It may be painful.
system: What is functional constipation?
output: When you have chronic (long-lasting) constipation, you need to find out what's causing it. It could be a medical condition or even medications that you take that are backing you up. But it could also be that your body's waste disposal system isn't working as it should. This is called functional or primary constipation. It's constipation not caused by something else, and it's more common in young children and older adults.
system: What is normal transit constipation?
output: There are 3 different types: Normal transit constipation: This is the most common. When you have this, muscles in your colon squeeze and relax the way they should: not too fast and not too slow. Your waste moves at the right speed. Still, your stool may be hard and difficult to pass. You may have belly pain or bloating, too. It usually gets better by eating more fiber-rich foods or by using a certain kind of laxative.
system: What is slow transit constipation?
output: Slow transit constipation: This means your colon isn't moving waste fast enough. Doctors don't know exactly why this happens.
system: How can I figure out what type of functional constipation I have?
output: When you have chronic (long-lasting) constipation, you need to find out what's causing it. When you have this, muscles in your colon squeeze and relax the way they should: not too fast and not too slow.
system: What are the side effects of  coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)?
output: Good food sources of Co Q10 include: Cold water fish, like tuna, salmon, mackerel, and sardines Vegetable oils Meats Side effects from Co Q10 seem to be rare and mild. They include diarrhea, nausea, and heartburn. Risks. People with chronic diseases such as heart failure, kidney or liver problems, or diabetes should be wary of using this supplement. Co Q10 may lower blood sugar levels and blood pressure. Doses of more than 300 milligrams may affect liver enzyme levels.
system: Do I need more coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10)?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Although Co Q10 plays a key role in the body, most healthy people have enough Co Q10 naturally. There is some evidence that adding more -- in the form of Co Q10 supplements -- may be beneficial. Increasing age and some medical conditions are associated with dropping levels of Co Q10. But in these cases, it's uncertain that adding Co Q10 will have an effect.
system: Why would I want to take a coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) supplement?
output: Co Q10 is also used to treat heart failure and other heart conditions, possibly helping to improve some symptoms and lessen future cardiac risks when combined with regular medications, but the evidence is conflicting. Though still controversial, some preliminary evidence suggests that Co Q10 may help to prevent or treat the adverse effects, such as muscle pains and liver problems, of taking statin-type cholesterol drugs. Follow the instructions on the bottle or get advice from your doctor or a dietitian. Co Q10 may lower blood sugar levels and blood pressure.
system: Does caffeine increase the risk of osteoporosis, heart disease, and cancer?
output: Here are the facts: Osteoporosis and caffeine. At high levels (more than 744 milligrams/day), caffeine may increase calcium and magnesium loss in urine. But recent studies suggest it does not increase your risk for bone loss, especially if you get enough calcium. You can offset the calcium lost from drinking one cup of coffee by adding just two tablespoons of milk. However, research does show links between caffeine and hip fracture risk in older adults. Older adults may be more sensitive to the effects of caffeine on calcium metabolism. If you're an older woman, discuss with your health care provider whether you should limit your daily caffeine intake to 300 milligrams or less. Cardiovascular disease and caffeine. A slight, temporary rise in heart rate and blood pressure is common in those who are sensitive to caffeine. But several large studies do not link caffeine to higher cholesterol, irregular heartbeats, or an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. If you already have high blood pressure or heart problems, though, have a discussion with your doctor about your caffeine intake. You may be more sensitive to its effects. Also, more research is needed to tell whether caffeine increases the risk for stroke in people with high blood pressure. Cancer and caffeine. Reviews of 13 studies involving 20,000 people revealed no relationship between cancer and caffeine. In fact, caffeine may even have a protective effect against certain cancers.
system: Is caffeine harmful for women trying to get pregnant?
output: Many studies show no links between low amounts of caffeine (a cup of coffee per day) and any of the following: trouble conceiving miscarriage birth defects premature birth low birth rate At the same time, for pregnant women or those attempting pregnancy, the March of Dimes suggests fewer than 200 milligrams of caffeine per day. This is equal to one large cup of coffee per day. This recommendation comes because, in limited studies, women consuming higher amounts of caffeine had an increased risk for miscarriage.
system: Does caffeine have a dehydrating effect?
output: However, the fluid you consume in caffeinated beverages tends to offset the effects of fluid loss when you urinate. The bottom line is that although caffeine does act as a mild diuretic, studies show drinking caffeinated drinks in moderation doesn't actually cause dehydration.
system: What happens if you suddenly stop taking caffeine?
output: If you stop taking caffeine abruptly, you may have symptoms for a day or more, especially if you consume two or more cups of coffee a day. Symptoms of withdrawal from caffeine include: headache fatigue anxiety irritability depressed mood difficulty concentrating No doubt, caffeine withdrawal can make for a few bad days.
system: Can caffeine can help you sober up?
output: Actually, research suggests that people only think caffeine helps them sober up. For example, people who drink caffeine along with alcohol think they're OK behind the wheel. But the truth is reaction time and judgment are still impaired.
system: Does caffeine harm children?
output: Some kids are sensitive to caffeine, developing temporary anxiety or irritability, with a "crash" afterwards. Also, most caffeine that kids drink is in sodas, energy drinks, or sweetened teas, all of which have high sugar content. These empty calories put kids at higher risk for obesity. Even if the caffeine itself isn't harmful, caffeinated drinks are generally not good for kids.