laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: How can you recognize and prevent depression in bipolar disorder?
output: If you are thinking about suicide or hurting yourself: Tell someone who can help you right now Call your mental health professional Call your doctor Call 911 or go to the emergency room The manic and depressive phases of bipolar disorder don't necessarily follow a pattern. You can have a few bouts of depression before you have a manic phase. But over time, you'll notice things that cause changes in your mood and warning signs that depression could be setting in. When you catch those symptoms early, you can often avoid major depression. Keep a mood chart to track how you feel, your treatments, sleep, and other activities. Take note of times when you feel stressed -- maybe when you're with certain people or in a specific place. The first signs of depression could be that you feel tired and can't sleep. Short periods of depression can be a sign that a severe phase is coming. The people around you can help you recognize patterns, too. Ask your family and mental health professional to watch for changes in your behavior that signal an oncoming issue. They may be able to notice things that you don't. Even when you feel great, make sure to keep up with your treatment -- it can prevent a relapse of depression. Eat a healthy diet, exercise, and try new ways to ease stress and manage your moods: Join a support group, take up a hobby, or practice relaxation methods like meditation, yoga, or massage.
system: What are the symptoms of depression in bipolar disorder?
output: During the depression phase of bipolar disorder, you might: Feel sad, worried, or empty Have little to no energy Feel like you can't enjoy anything Sleep too little or too much Have a hard time getting out of bed Eat too little or too much Have trouble focusing or remembering things Have a hard time making decisions Think about suicide or death You could have all of these symptoms or some of them. Someone with bipolar disorder can sometimes feel very sad but also full of energy. The surest sign of a phase of depression is that you feel down for a long time -- usually at least 2 weeks. You might have these episodes rarely or several times a year.
system: What are other steps to fight depression in bipolar disorder?
output: You can take other steps to fight depression, too: Don't drink alcohol or use drugs. They can make your mood worse and keep your medications from working. Stick to a routine. Try to go to bed, wake up, exercise, and take your medicines at the same time every day. Don't make major life changes while you're depressed. Your doctor or therapist may be able to help you schedule absences from work if you need them. Ask a family member of friend for support. They can help you keep up with your appointments and medications.
system: What should you do if you are thinking about suicide or hurting yourself if you have depression in bipolar disorder?
output: If you are thinking about suicide or hurting yourself: Tell someone who can help you right now Call your mental health professional Call your doctor Call 911 or go to the emergency room The manic and depressive phases of bipolar disorder don't necessarily follow a pattern.
system: What should you do when you have depression in bipolar disorder?
output: That may help you know when a mood change is coming on so you can handle it early. Most include a mix of medicine and talk therapy. Your doctor might prescribe a few different kinds of medication, including mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and antipsychotic drugs. Talk therapy can also help you control stress and recognize your symptoms sooner. Another type of therapy, called cognitive behavioral therapy, teaches you good ways to handle the negative thoughts that come with depression.
system: What causes neck pain?
output: Causes of neck pain include: Abnormalities in the bone or joints Trauma Poor posture Degenerative diseases Tumors Muscle strain The shoulder is a ball and socket joint with a large range of movement.
system: What causes shoulder pain?
output: Causes of neck pain include: Abnormalities in the bone or joints Trauma Poor posture Degenerative diseases Tumors Muscle strain The shoulder is a ball and socket joint with a large range of movement. Such a mobile joint tends to be more susceptible to injury. Shoulder pain can stem from one or more of the following causes: Strains from overexertion Tendonitis from overuse Shoulder joint instability Dislocation Collar or upper arm bone fractures Frozen shoulder Pinched nerves (also called radiculopathy) X-rays: Plain X-rays can reveal narrowing of the space between two spinal bones, arthritis-like diseases, tumors, slipped discs, narrowing of the spinal canal, fractures and instability of the spinal column.
system: How are neck and shoulder pain treated?
output: Causes of neck pain include: Abnormalities in the bone or joints Trauma Poor posture Degenerative diseases Tumors Muscle strain The shoulder is a ball and socket joint with a large range of movement. Pain also may be treated with a local application of moist heat or ice. Local corticosteroid injections are often helpful for arthritis of the shoulder. For both neck and shoulder pain movement, exercises may help. For cases in which nerve roots or the spinal cord are involved, surgical procedures may be necessary. Your doctor can tell you which is the best course of treatment for you.
system: When should you ask your doctor about taking decongestants?
output: Ask your doctor before taking decongestants if you have: Glaucoma High blood pressure that's not under control Heart conditions Thyroid problems Enlarged prostate Diabetes Decongestants make some people feel jittery or have trouble sleeping.
system: What are common decongestants?
output: !s_sensitive, chron ID: $('article embeded_module[type=video][align=top]:eq(0)').attr('chronic_id'), continuous Play: true, cp Options: { flyout: true }, display Ads: true, mode: 'in-article', sticky: true }) }); }); } else { $(function(){ $('.responsive-video-container').remove(); }); } Decongestants come in pills, liquids, nose drops, and nasal sprays. Many are available without a prescription. Common decongestants include: Afrin, Dristan, Vicks Sinex (oxymetazoline) Sudafed PE, Suphedrin PE (phenylephrine) Silfedrine, Sudafed, Suphedrin (pseudoephedrine) Some over-the-counter decongestants -- those with pseudoephedrine -- are found behind the pharmacy counter.
system: What should you know about decongestants?
output: Here's how decongestants work: Allergies make the lining of your nose swell. Decongestants shrink swollen blood vessels and tissues. That relieves the congestion. But decongestants can't help with sneezing or itching.
system: I live alone, and Iâm recovering from hip replacement surgery. How can family and friends help?
output: If you don't have a support system you can rely on, ask your doctor if you could stay in a rehab center after surgery while you recover. Set up a kind of "base camp" where you'll spend most of your time -- with phone, computer, remotes, and everything else you'll need in easy reach. Remove possible tripping hazards, such as loose rugs.
system: Iâve decided to get hip replacement surgery. What can I do to get ready for it?
output: Check out expert web sites like the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons ( AAOS) or the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons ( AAHKS). Write down questions for your surgeon. Get in shape before surgery. It could help speed up your recovery. Meet with a physical therapist. It's helpful to do this before your surgery. Test drive your crutches or walker. Consider sleeping in a room on the first floor.
system: When does pain happen in people with sickle cell disease?
output: Pain is a common problem for people with sickle cell disease. It happens when the sickle-shaped red blood cells that cause the condition get stuck in small blood vessels and block blood flow. That can cause a pain episode or crisis to start suddenly, usually in the lower back, arms, legs, chest, and belly. For others, health problems from sickle cell disease can cause pain that lasts longer. But no matter the type of sickle cell pain you have, there are many options that can help you find relief. Talk to your doctor about making a plan to manage your pain.
system: How can hydroxyurea help with treating pain from sickle cell disease?
output: But if the pain doesn't go away or is severe, you or your child may have to go to the hospital for more treatment. To help you with chronic pain, your doctor may prescribe painkillers to take every day.
system: How is chronic pain from sickle cell disease treated?
output: It happens when the sickle-shaped red blood cells that cause the condition get stuck in small blood vessels and block blood flow. For others, health problems from sickle cell disease can cause pain that lasts longer. To help you with chronic pain, your doctor may prescribe painkillers to take every day. She may also recommend physical therapy or orthopedic devices to support your back or limbs. And in some cases, doctors may recommend surgery to correct a problem that's hurting you, or temporarily numb a nerve to give you relief.
system: What can your doctor advise to treat blepharitis?
output: If your doctor advises: Make a solution of half baby shampoo or mild soap, half water. Place the cloth over your index finger, dip it in the mix, and use it to clean your eyelid. Wash one lid at a time. Close the eye you're cleaning. Rub the washcloth over your eyelashes and the edge of your lids for about 30 seconds to loosen clogged oils. Apply light pressure to squeeze out clogged oils from the glands behind your lashes. Rinse thoroughly with a clean, warm, wet washcloth. Pat dry. If the blepharitis results from a problem with your oil glands, the doctor may suggest a testosterone cream to put on your eyelids. He may also suggest Lipi Flow, a 12-minute procedure that gently heats clogged glands and applies mild pressure to âmilk outâ the oils and testosterone cream.
system: Is there a cure for blepharitis?
output: But it can be treated and controlled. Just take care of your eyelids. If you don't treat blepharitis, it could scar or injure your eyelids and your eye.
system: Can you prevent blepharitis?
output: Keep your eyelids clean. Remove all eye makeup before bedtime. Don't use eyeliner on the back edges of your eyelids behind the lashes. If you're in the early stages of treating blepharitis, you can prevent further irritation by not using makeup. Once you do start to use it again, replace products used in or near your eyelids. They may be contaminated.
system: How can I clean my eye if I have blepharitis?
output: Rewet as necessary to keep it warm. This will help soften crusts and loosen oily debris. Place the cloth over your index finger, dip it in the mix, and use it to clean your eyelid. Rinse thoroughly with a clean, warm, wet washcloth.
system: What are the risks of anesthesia?
output: As a matter of fact, not only have errors become relatively uncommon, but experts say anesthesia is one of the safest areas of health care today.
system: How can I lower the risks from anesthesia?
output: Here are ways to lower them: Ask your doctor about alternatives to general anesthesia. See if you might have a choice. Find out if any family members have ever had a bad reaction to anesthesia. Make sure your doctor knows if you or anyone in your family has ever had a bad reaction to anesthesia before. Follow the doctor's instructions about eating. This can lead not only to aspiration pneumonia but then potentially make it impossible to get oxygen into your lungs during the anesthesia procedure -- and without oxygen, systems within your body fail and you can die.
system: How can magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) help in the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis?
output: MRI: Using magnetic fields and radio waves, this shows detailed images of your bile ducts.
system: How can a CT scan help in the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis?
output: CT scan: This special type of X-ray can also check for problems in and around your liver.
system: How can ultrasound help in the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?
output: The tests may include: Ultrasound: This test uses high-frequency sound waves to check your liver and bile ducts for damage.
system: What are symptoms of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)?
output: Other times, you may have symptoms, so your doctor may order tests. You may feel tired, or have itchy skin, dry eyes, or a dry mouth. As the disease gets more serious, you may also have other signs, like: Yellow skin and eyes Pain and swelling in your abdomen Joint, bone, or muscle pain Darkened skin Swollen feet or ankles If your doctor thinks you might have PBC, he'll do a physical exam and ask you about your family history. You might get one if your AMA blood test is negative but you have other signs of PBC.
system: How can TENS help with treating spinal cord injury pain?
output: Spinal cord injury pain.
system: Does TENS help with period pain?
output: Small studies suggest that TENS provides relief from painful menstrual cramps and back pain related to the menstrual cycle.
system: How safe is TENS?
output: It's generally considered safe, with fewer side effects than some other types of pain relief. There have been some reports of people getting mild electrical burns when they use their TENS unit improperly. So you should learn how to use a TENS unit with supervision from an experienced doctor or physical therapist.
system: What will your doctor ask during your doctor's visit for chronic constipation?
output: Your doctor will want to know as much as she can about how your constipation is affecting you. In addition to getting your family and medical history, she may ask you: When your symptoms started and how long they've been going on Whether your symptoms stop and start or happen all the time If anything seems to make your symptoms better or worse Whether you're having pain in your stomach or vomiting How much you've been eating or drinking If you've recently gained or lost weight Whether you have blood in your stool or when you wipe If you have to strain to poop Basic tests help your doctor tell if you have chronic constipation and what may be causing it.
system: What should you do before your appointment to treat chronic constipation?
output: When you call to schedule your visit, ask if there's anything you need to do (or not do) before you come in. For example, you may need to change how you eat in the days leading up to your visit. Be sure you have all the information that will help your doctor best treat you, like: A list of all the symptoms you've been having Your medical history, including any medications, vitamins, or supplements you're taking and any family history of digestive problems Personal information that could be affecting your health, like pregnancy, stress, or recent travel If you have questions you'd like to ask the doctor, make sure to write them down ahead of time and bring them with you. You may want to take a friend or family member with you to the appointment, especially if they know some of your medical or symptom history. They can be another set of ears to listen and remember information during your visit.
system: What questions might your doctor ask during your visit for chronic constipation?
output: Your doctor will want to know as much as she can about how your constipation is affecting you. In addition to getting your family and medical history, she may ask you: When your symptoms started and how long they've been going on Whether your symptoms stop and start or happen all the time If anything seems to make your symptoms better or worse Whether you're having pain in your stomach or vomiting How much you've been eating or drinking If you've recently gained or lost weight Whether you have blood in your stool or when you wipe If you have to strain to poop Basic tests help your doctor tell if you have chronic constipation and what may be causing it.
system: How can colon transit time test help in the diagnosis of chronic constipation?
output: Colon transit time test. Your doctor will give you a small pill to swallow that has a radioactive marker. Then she will track how long it takes for the pill to pass out of your body. If it takes longer than 3 days, it means your digestive tract has a problem digesting food correctly. Once your doctor has the information she needs from the tests you have, she can recommend the best treatment for your constipation.
system: What tests are used to see if you have a problem with your digestive system related to chronic constipation?
output: Tests that help the doctor figure out if you have a problem with your digestive system include: Anal manometry: This measures how well your anus works. It checks how tight the muscles around it are and how they respond to signals from your nerves. A technician puts a thin tube with pressure sensors and a balloon in your anus. Once the sensors are in the right place, she slowly pulls the tube out to gauge muscle tone and contractions. The test takes about a half hour. Balloon expulsion test. Your doctor will place a small balloon filled with water into your rectum and then ask you to push it out like you would stool. If it takes you longer than a minute to get it out, it tells your doctor that the muscles that help you pass a bowel movement may not be working the way they should. Defecography: This test helps your doctor gauge how well your pelvic floor muscles and rectum are working while you poop. A radiologist puts a barium paste in your rectum that mimics the feeling of stool. You sit on a toilet next to a video X-ray machine. First, you'll need to squeeze and hold in the paste. Then, you'll need to strain as if you're having a bowel movement. The radiologist looks for problems as you push it out. Colon transit time test. Your doctor will give you a small pill to swallow that has a radioactive marker. Then she will track how long it takes for the pill to pass out of your body. If it takes longer than 3 days, it means your digestive tract has a problem digesting food correctly.
system: What basic tests can help your doctor diagnose chronic constipation?
output: In addition to getting your family and medical history, she may ask you: When your symptoms started and how long they've been going on Whether your symptoms stop and start or happen all the time If anything seems to make your symptoms better or worse Whether you're having pain in your stomach or vomiting How much you've been eating or drinking If you've recently gained or lost weight Whether you have blood in your stool or when you wipe If you have to strain to poop Basic tests help your doctor tell if you have chronic constipation and what may be causing it. They may include a rectal exam, blood tests, urine tests, and stool sample tests. They can be uncomfortable, but they give important information about what's going on. Your doctor will want to rule out any underlying health condition that may cause your problem. Tests that help your doctor see inside your intestines include: Flexible sigmoidoscopy.
system: How can flexible sigmoidoscopy help in the diagnosis of chronic constipation?
output: This test looks inside your lower intestine and rectum with a thin, flexible tube. The tube has a tiny camera in it. With the camera, your doctor can see what's going on in your intestines and check for a problem.
system: What kinds of tests are used to diagnose chronic constipation?
output: In addition to getting your family and medical history, she may ask you: When your symptoms started and how long they've been going on Whether your symptoms stop and start or happen all the time If anything seems to make your symptoms better or worse Whether you're having pain in your stomach or vomiting How much you've been eating or drinking If you've recently gained or lost weight Whether you have blood in your stool or when you wipe If you have to strain to poop Basic tests help your doctor tell if you have chronic constipation and what may be causing it. They may include a rectal exam, blood tests, urine tests, and stool sample tests. They can be uncomfortable, but they give important information about what's going on. Your doctor may give you medication to help you relax while you have it.
system: How can colonoscopy help in the diagnosis of chronic constipation?
output: This test looks inside your lower intestine and rectum with a thin, flexible tube. Your doctor may give you medication to help you relax while you have it.
system: What tests are used to see inside the intestine to diagnose chronic constipation?
output: When you call to schedule your visit, ask if there's anything you need to do (or not do) before you come in. You may want to take a friend or family member with you to the appointment, especially if they know some of your medical or symptom history. Your doctor will want to rule out any underlying health condition that may cause your problem. Tests that help your doctor see inside your intestines include: Flexible sigmoidoscopy. This test looks inside your lower intestine and rectum with a thin, flexible tube. The tube has a tiny camera in it. With the camera, your doctor can see what's going on in your intestines and check for a problem. Colonoscopy. This is very similar to flexible sigmoidoscopy, but it's a longer test because it looks at your entire large intestine. Your doctor may give you medication to help you relax while you have it. Barium enema X-ray. An enema is when a doctor injects liquid or gas -- in this case, a white liquid called barium -- into your rectum through a small tube. Barium helps problem areas or blockages in your colon show up on an X-ray.
system: How does my age affect my diabetes?
output: Aging can affect how well you manage your diabetes. Some hurdles you may face include: Lower mental energy and memory loss, which can make it harder to plan meals and remember to take medication Changes in your body that keep medicine from working as well as it once did Eyesight problems, which can cause you to make mistakes reading your blood sugar levels or taking the right dose of insulin Medications you take for other problems interacting with your diabetes meds and affecting how well they work By making a plan with your health care team and listening closely to your changing body, you can continue to live a healthy life.
system: What is diabetes like in older adults?
output: Aging can affect how well you manage your diabetes. Some hurdles you may face include: Lower mental energy and memory loss, which can make it harder to plan meals and remember to take medication Changes in your body that keep medicine from working as well as it once did Eyesight problems, which can cause you to make mistakes reading your blood sugar levels or taking the right dose of insulin Medications you take for other problems interacting with your diabetes meds and affecting how well they work By making a plan with your health care team and listening closely to your changing body, you can continue to live a healthy life.
system: How can you tell if something is wrong with your body if you have diabetes?
output: When you have type 2 diabetes, even small signs can be a clue that something bigger is brewing: Leg pain, numbness, or sores that take a long time to heal might mean your arteries are becoming diseased. Feeling shaky, sweaty, irritable, or confused can be a sign of low blood sugar. Falling and breaking bones often could mean your bones aren't getting enough calcium, possibly because of osteoporosis. The good news is that staying on top of your diabetes will help you avoid -- and in some cases, reverse -- serious complications. Stay in tune with how you feel, and report any changes to your doctor.