laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: How can psoralen plus ultraviolet A help with your skin condition?
output: This treatment combines UVA lamp sessions with a drug called psoralen. The treatment also has side effects such as: Nausea Exhaustion Headaches Burning and itching Because psoralen makes your body extra sensitive to light, you need to protect your skin and eyes after taking it. Call your doctor if you see blisters.
system: How is psorlaen used to treat skin problems?
output: PUVA (psoralen plus ultraviolet A). It makes your skin more sensitive to light.
system: What questions should you ask your doctor about chronic myelogenous leukemia?
output: Have you treated someone with CML before? What tests should I take to confirm a diagnosis? What phase of CML am I in? What treatment do you recommend for me? How will the therapy make me feel? What if the treatment doesn't work? How do I find a support group?
system: What are symptoms of the chronic phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia?
output: CML has three phases: chronic, accelerated, and blastic. Your symptoms depend on which one you're in. Chronic phase. It's the earliest stage and the easiest to treat. You might not even have symptoms.
system: What are symptoms of the accelerated phase of chronic myelogenous leukemia?
output: You're more likely to get some of these symptoms: Feel very tired Have a fever Get bruises Have night sweats Be short of breath Lose some weight Feel less hungry Get swelling or pain on your left side (which could be a sign of an enlarged spleen) Feel pain in your bones Other symptoms may include stroke, changes in your vision, ringing in your ears, you feel like you're in a daze, and you get prolonged erections.
system: What causes chronic myelogenous leukemia?
output: Most people will never know what caused them to get CML. You don't typically get it from your parents or from infections. Your smoking habits and diet don't seem to raise your chance of getting it either. The only known risk is if you've been in contact with high levels of radiation.
system: What is chronic myelogenous leukemia?
output: You may also hear your doctor call it chronic myeloid leukemia. These are cells that live in your bone marrow and help make new blood cells.
system: How can you prevent MRSA in children?
output: Here's what you can do: Teach your children to wash their hands often with soap and water for at least 15 seconds. This includes after playing with pets or other children. Have your children use alcohol-based hand sanitizers or wipes when washing isn't possible. Teach your children not to share towels, uniforms, or other items that come into contact with bare skin. Keep cuts or broken skin clean and covered with dry bandages until healed. Encourage your children to clean shared sports equipment with antiseptic solution before each use. Or, he or she can use a towel as a barrier between skin and equipment. If your child has dry skin, eczema, or a skin condition, use creams and moisturizers as directed by the doctor. Try to keep areas of flare-up on the skin covered to prevent an entryway for bacteria, as the natural skin barrier may be compromised. Protect against sunburn and bug bites.
system: What is MRSA?
output: It is one of many strains of a bacterium called Staphylococcus aureus -- or staph, for short. Staph bacteria are common on skin and inside nostrils. Staph infection was first reported in humans more than 40 years ago. In the past, staph rarely caused problems, except for minor skin infections. And these infections could be treated effectively with antibiotics. But in recent years, there has been a big increase in antibiotic-resistant strains of staph infection, such as MRSA, even in children. These resistant strains used to be seen mainly in hospitalized patients or chronically ill patients. Now it is found in healthy people, including children. For example, head and neck MRSA infections in children more than doubled during a five-year period. It's important to know how to help prevent MRSA in children and what to do if you suspect your child has it.
system: What are the "Five Cs" that make MRSA more likely?
output: Remember: although MRSA can show up anywhere, it is more likely when these " Five Cs" are present: Crowding Contact between skin Compromised skin (cuts or scrapes) Contaminated items Cleanliness lacking If you suspect your child has a MRSA infection, seek medical attention right away.
system: How can you prevent the spread of MRSA infection?
output: To help prevent the spread of MRSA infection, do this: Change any bandages often. Do it before you can see any drainage through the bandage. Wear gloves while cleaning a wound or changing bandages. Carefully dispose of used bandages. Wash your hands thoroughly after you finish or use an alcohol-based sanitizer. Clean surfaces with detergent-based cleaners or EPA-registered disinfectants. Use separate hand towels, washcloths, and towels. Encourage showers instead of baths. And, don't forget to practice other MRSA prevention steps. Unless your doctor says otherwise, your child can continue attending school, even with an MRSA infection, as long as the infected skin can be kept entirely covered and contained with a clean and dry bandage.
system: Why is MRSA in kids a concern?
output: MRSA is a concern today because it can be harder to treat than other infections, and it's infecting healthy people -- not just those with weakened immune systems as in the past. This type of MRSA is called community-associated MRSA ( CA- MRSA). That's because it affects people in the community, outside of hospitals and nursing homes. And, with more people infected with community-associated MRSA, more children with MRSA have been admitted to hospitals.
system: What are treatments for MRSA in children?
output: Your child or other family member also has a fever or feels sick Skin infections are passing between family members or friends Treatment for MRSA may include: Draining any skin abscesses Prescribing antibiotics to prevent widespread infection Do not try to drain infections yourself. This can worsen the infection and spread it to other people. Be sure your child takes any antibiotics exactly as prescribed. This can help prevent other bacteria from becoming resistant, which is more likely to happen when germs aren't completely wiped out by treatment. To help prevent the spread of MRSA infection, do this: Change any bandages often.
system: Who is most at risk for getting community-associated MRSA?
output: This type of MRSA is called community-associated MRSA ( CA- MRSA). Children (or adults) who come into close contact with other people in places like: Day care centers Playgrounds Locker rooms Classrooms and other school settings Gymnasiums Workout facilities In these kinds of settings, MRSA is more likely, because kids have skin-to-skin contact and may share equipment or toys that have not been cleaned. Children are also more likely to have frequent scrapes or bug bites -- potential entryways for infection. This can worsen the infection and spread it to other people.
system: How is inattentive ADHD treated?
output: A doctor will need to know if your child does at least six of these things in order to diagnose the condition: Daydreams and becomes easily distracted Misses important details or makes careless mistakes on homework and tests Gets bored quickly and has difficulty staying focused Has trouble getting organized (for example, losing homework assignments or keeping the bedroom messy and cluttered) Doesn't seem to listen when spoken to Avoids tasks which require a lot of focus Often loses track of things Is forgetful in day to day activities Has trouble following instructions and often shifts from task to task without finishing anything The doctor may also suggest some testing to rule out conditions that can have similar symptoms, including: Hearing or vision problems Learning disabilities Anxiety or depression If your child is diagnosed, his doctor may prescribe medication to improve his ability to concentrate,,suggest therapy, or use a small device to help stimultae the party of the brain believed to be responsible for ADHD. This recently FDA-approved device, called the Monach extermal Trigeminsl Nerve Stimulation (e TNS) System, can be prescribed for patients 7 to 12 years old who are not already taking ADHD medication. A combination of medicine and therapy is the most common approach.
system: What are the two other types of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
output: Hyperactive-impulsive ADHDmakes kids appear to be in constant motion. Their bodies and mouths are always going, as if driven by a motor. Combined ADHD is when a child has both inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptoms.
system: How can I help my child with inattentive ADHD find things quicker?
output: Make sure your child's clothes and schoolwork are always in the same place and easy to find. Get into a routine. A sense of order helps inattentive children stay focused.
system: What is a colostomy irrigation?
output: Colostomy irrigation is a way to manage bowel movements by emptying the colon at a scheduled time. The process involves putting water into the colon through the stoma. This causes the colon to empty. By repeating this process regularly -- once a day or once every second day -- you can train your colon to empty without spilling waste in between irrigation. Colostomy irrigation also can help you avoid constipation.
system: Should you do a colostomy irrigation?
output: That's a personal decision. If you are a candidate (see below), your doctor or a nurse who is specially trained to help people with colostomies, will discuss this option with you while you are still in the hospital after your surgery.
system: When should I do a colostomy irrigation?
output: It's most effective when done about an hour after a meal, which is when the colon is most likely to be full. You can do it once a day or once every other day, depending on your preference and ability to control your bowel movements. It generally takes about 6 to 8 weeks for the bowel to become regulated with irrigation. It helps to set a routine and irrigate at the same time each day.
system: Can I do a colostomy irrigation?
output: People with permanent colostomies and whose opening is in the descending or sigmoid portion of the colon are good candidates for irrigation. This is because their stools tend to be more formed. People with irritable bowel syndrome, stomal problems, or stomas in the ascending or transverse parts of the colon are less likely to have success with irrigation.
system: What are common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion?
output: The most common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include: Confusion Dark-colored urine (a sign of dehydration) Dizziness Fainting Fatigue Headache Muscle or abdominal cramps Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Pale skin Profuse sweating Rapid heartbeat If you, or anyone else, has symptoms of heat exhaustion, it's essential to immediately get out of the heat and rest, preferably in an air-conditioned room.
system: What is the treatment for heat exhaustion?
output: The most common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion include: Confusion Dark-colored urine (a sign of dehydration) Dizziness Fainting Fatigue Headache Muscle or abdominal cramps Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Pale skin Profuse sweating Rapid heartbeat If you, or anyone else, has symptoms of heat exhaustion, it's essential to immediately get out of the heat and rest, preferably in an air-conditioned room. If you can't get inside, try to find the nearest cool and shady place. Other recommended strategies include: Drink plenty of fluids, especially sports drinks to replace lost salt (avoid caffeine and alcohol). Remove any tight or unnecessary clothing. Take a cool shower, bath, or sponge bath. Apply other cooling measures such as fans or ice towels. If such measures fail to provide relief within 15 minutes, seek emergency medical help, because untreated heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke.
system: What are other risk factors associated with heat-related illness?
output: Other risk factors associated with heat-related illness include: Age. Infants and children up to age 4, and adults over age 65, are particularly vulnerable because they adjust to heat more slowly than other people. Certain health conditions. These include heart, lung, or kidney disease, obesity or underweight, high blood pressure, diabetes, mental illness, sickle cell trait, alcoholism, sunburn, and any conditions that cause fever. People with diabetes are at increased risk of emergency room visits, hospitalization, and death from heat-related illness and may be especially likely to underestimate their risk during heat waves. Medications. These include some medicines in the following classes: diuretics, sedatives, tranquilizers, stimulants, heart and blood pressure medications, and medications for psychiatric conditions.
system: What should you know about heat exhaustion?
output: Salt depletion. Signs include nausea and vomiting, muscle cramps, and dizziness. Although heat exhaustion isn't as serious as heat stroke, it isn't something to be taken lightly. Without proper intervention, heat exhaustion can progress to heat stroke, which can damage the brain and other vital organs, and even cause death. After you've recovered from heat exhaustion, you'll probably be more sensitive to high temperatures during the following week.
system: What are the risk factors for heat exhaustion?
output: Heat exhaustion is strongly related to the heat index, which is a measurement of how hot you feel when the effects of relative humidity and air temperature are combined. If you live in an urban area, you may be especially prone to develop heat exhaustion during a prolonged heat wave, particularly if there are stagnant atmospheric conditions and poor air quality. In what is known as the "heat island effect," asphalt and concrete store heat during the day and only gradually release it at night, resulting in higher nighttime temperatures. Check with your doctor to see if your health conditions and medications are likely to affect your ability to cope with extreme heat and humidity. When the heat index is high, it's best to stay inside in air conditioning.
system: What can you do to prevent heat exhaustion?
output: Other recommended strategies include: Drink plenty of fluids, especially sports drinks to replace lost salt (avoid caffeine and alcohol). When the heat index is high, it's best to stay inside in air conditioning. If you must go outdoors, you can prevent heat exhaustion by taking these steps: Wear lightweight, light-colored, loose-fitting clothing, and a wide-brimmed hat. Use a sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or more. Drink extra fluids.
system: What are plant sources of Vitamin A (from beta-carotene)?
output: Good food sources of retinoid vitamin A include: Eggs Whole milk Liver Fortified skim milk and cereals Plant sources of vitamin A (from beta-carotene) include sweet potatoes, carrots, spinach, and apricots.
system: What are the side effects of taking Vitamin A?
output: Symptoms of vitamin A toxicity include dry skin, joint pain, vomiting, headaches, confusion.
system: What are the recommendations for pregnancy breast changes?
output: Recommendations: Wear a bra that provides firm support. Choose cotton bras or those made from natural fibers. Get a bigger bra as your breasts become larger and fuller. Your bra should fit well without irritating your nipples. Try maternity or nursing bras, which provide more support and can be used after pregnancy if you choose to breastfeed. Try wearing a bra during the night. Tuck a cotton handkerchief or gauze pad into each bra cup to absorb leaking fluid. You can also buy nursing pads in the drugstore or maternity/baby store that fit into your bra. Make sure to change these pads as needed so your skin doesn't get irritated. Wash your breasts with warm water and mild soap that will not cause dryness.
system: What are the recommendations for pregnancy nasal congestion?
output: Recommendations: Apply a warm, wet washcloth to your cheeks, eyes, and nose to reduce congestion. Avoid using nasal sprays unless prescribed by your doctor because they can aggravate your symptoms. Drink plenty of fluids (at least 6-8 glasses of fluids a day) to thin mucus. Elevate your head with an extra pillow while sleeping to prevent mucus from blocking your throat. Use a humidifier or vaporizer to add moisture to the air. Take a warm shower or bath.
system: What are the recommendations for pregnancy varicose veins?
output: Recommendations: Although varicose veins are usually hereditary, here are some preventive tips: Avoid standing or sitting in one place for long periods. It's important to get up and move around often. Avoid remaining in any position that might restrict the circulation in your legs (such as crossing your legs while sitting). Elevate your legs and feet while sitting. Exercise regularly. Wear support hose but avoid any leg wear that is too tight or constraining.
system: What causes shortness of breath during pregnancy?
output: Shortness of breath can happen due to increased upward pressure from the uterus and changes in physiologic lung function.
system: What are the recommendations for abdominal pain or discomfort during pregnancy?
output: Recommendations: Change your position or activity until you are comfortable; avoid sharp turns or movements. If you have a sudden pain in your abdomen, bend forward to the point of pain to relieve tension and relax the tissue. Apply a hot water bottle or heating pad to your back, or take a warm bath or shower. Try a massage. Make sure you are getting enough fluids. Take Tylenol (acetaminophen) occasionally. Contact your health care provider if the pain is severe or constant or if you are less than 36 weeks pregnant and you have signs of labor. ( Signs of labor include repetitive cramping like contractions.)
system: What causes pregnancy varicose veins?
output: Pregnancy may affect your circulation, which can enlarge or swell your legs' veins.
system: What causes pregnancy hemorrhoids?
output: Hemorrhoids are swollen veins that appear as painful lumps on the anus. During pregnancy, they may form as a result of increased circulation and pressure on the rectum and vagina from your growing baby.
system: What causes pregnancy breast changes?
output: Most pregnant women will feel some changes in their breasts. Your breasts will increase in size as your milk glands enlarge and the fat tissue enlarges, causing breast firmness and tenderness typically during pregnancy's first and last few months. Bluish veins may also appear as your blood supply increases. Your nipples can also darken, and sometimes a thick fluid called colostrum may leak from your breasts. All of these changes are normal.
system: What are the recommendations for pregnancy heartburn or indigestion?
output: Recommendations: Eat several small meals each day instead of three large meals. Eat slowly. Drink warm liquids. Avoid fried, spicy, or rich foods, or any foods that seem to give you indigestion. Don't lie down right after eating. Keep the head of your bed higher than the foot of your bed. Or, place pillows under your shoulders to prevent stomach acids from rising into your throat. Don't mix fatty foods with sweets in one meal, and try to separate liquids and solids at meals. Try heartburn relievers such as Tums, Maalox, Titralac, Mylanta, Riopan, or Gaviscon.
system: What are the recommendations for pregnancy stretch marks?
output: Recommendations: Be sure that your diet contains enough sources of the nutrients needed for healthy skin (especially vitamins C and E). Apply lotion to your skin to keep it soft and reduce dryness. Exercise daily.
system: What are the recommendations for pregnancy bleeding and swollen gums?
output: Recommendations: Get a dental checkup early in your pregnancy to make sure your teeth and mouth are healthy. See your dentist if you notice a particular problem. Brush your teeth, floss regularly and rinse daily with an antiseptic mouthwash.
system: What causes difficulty sleeping during pregnancy?
output: Finding a comfortable resting position can become difficult later in pregnancy.
system: What are the recommendations for pregnancy hemorrhoids?
output: Recommendations: Try to avoid constipation. Constipation can cause hemorrhoids and will make them more painful. Avoid sitting or standing for long periods of time; change your position frequently. Don't strain during a bowel movement. Apply ice packs or cold compresses to the area or take a warm bath a few times a day to provide relief. Avoid tight-fitting underwear, pants, or pantyhose. If you still need more help, consult your health care provider.
system: What are the recommendations for difficulty sleeping during pregnancy?
output: Recommendations: Don't take sleep medication. Try drinking warm milk at bedtime. Try taking a warm shower or bath before bedtime. Use extra pillows for support while sleeping. Lying on your side, place a pillow under your head, abdomen, behind your back and between your knees to prevent muscle strain and help you get the rest you need. You will probably feel better lying on your left side; this improves circulation of blood throughout your body.
system: What causes vaginal discharge during pregnancy?
output: Normal vaginal secretions increase during pregnancy due to greater blood supply and hormones. Normal vaginal discharge is white or clear, isn't irritating, is odorless, and may look yellow when dry on your underwear or panty liners.
system: What are the recommendations for swelling in the feet and legs during pregnancy?
output: Recommendations: Try not to stay on your feet for long periods of time. Avoid standing in one place. Drink plenty of fluids (at least 6-8 glasses of fluids a day). Avoid foods high in salt (sodium). Elevate your legs and feet while sitting. Avoid crossing your legs. Wear loose, comfortable clothing; tight clothing can slow circulation and increase fluid retention. Don't wear tight shoes; choose supportive shoes with low, wide heels. Keep your diet rich in protein; too little protein can cause fluid retention. Notify your health care provider if your hands or face swell. This may be a warning sign of preeclampsia. Rest on your side during the day to help increase blood flow to your kidneys.
system: What are the recommendations for Braxton-Hicks contractions?
output: Recommendations: Try to relax Change positions. Sometimes this can ease the contractions. Call your doctor if they do not go away.
system: What causes pregnancy backaches?
output: Backaches are usually caused by the strain put on the back muscles, changing hormone levels, and changes in your posture.
system: What are the recommendations for pregnancy backaches?
output: Recommendations: Wear low-heeled (but not flat) shoes. Avoid lifting heavy objects. Squat down with your knees bent when picking things up instead of bending down at the waist. Don't stand on your feet for long periods. If you need to stand for long periods, place one foot on a stool or box for support. Sit in a chair with good back support, or place a small pillow behind your lower back. Also, place your feet on a footrest or stool. Check that your bed is firm. If needed, put a board between the mattress and box spring. Sleep on your left side with a pillow between your legs for support. Apply a hot water bottle or heating pad on low setting to your back, take a warm bath or shower, or try massage. Perform exercises, as advised by your health care provider, to make your back muscles stronger and help relieve the soreness. Maintain good posture. Standing up straight will ease the strain on your back. Contact your health care provider if you have a low backache that goes around your stomach and does not go away within one hour after you change position or rest. This might be a sign of premature labor.