laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What causes endometriosis?
output: When symptoms are present, they may include: Abdominal cramps or back pain during menstruation Severe menstrual cramps Painful bowel movements or urination, especially during menstruation Abnormal or heavy bleeding during periods Painful sex Difficulty becoming pregnant Doctors don't know exactly what causes endometriosis. Some experts think that menstrual blood with endometrial cells travels back through the fallopian tubes and passes out into the pelvic cavity where the cells stick to the organs. This is known as retrograde menstruation. Genetics may also play a role in whether you get endometriosis. If your mom or sister have it, you're more likely to get it, also. And research shows that when there is a hereditary link, the disease seems to be worse in the next generation. Some women with endometriosis also have immune system disorders. But doctors aren't sure whether this is a cause or an effect of the endometriosis.
system: What surgery do you get for endometriosis?
output: Pain medication. For some cases, surgery to remove as much of your endometriosis as possible may be necessary. Your doctor can perform surgery laparoscopically, which is less invasive, or through standard abdominal procedures, so be sure to discuss all of your options. In the most severe cases of endometriosis, a hysterectomy to remove the ovaries, uterus, and cervix may be the best option available. This is usually considered the last option, especially if you still want to have children.
system: What is endometriosis?
output: If you have endometriosis, you know it causes pain and cramping, which can sometimes be severe, especially during your period. It can even create problems when you want to have a baby. Endometriosis occurs when tissue that should line the inside of your uterus, the endometrium, grows outside of it instead. Even though the tissue is outside of your uterus, it still acts like it should during your menstrual cycles. However, the blood from this tissue has no place to go.
system: What do I do if medication is causing dry mouth?
output: Generally, treatment of a dry mouth focuses on three areas: Managing underlying medical conditions causing the dry mouth Preventing tooth decay Increasing the flow of saliva, if possible If dry mouth is caused by something like medication -- it is a common side effect of drugs used to treat depression, anxiety, pain, allergies (antihistamines and decongestants), diarrhea, urinary incontinence, and Parkinson's disease -- your dentist or doctor will consider making a change. That may mean trying a different medication or adjusting the dosage.
system: What are artificial saliva products?
output: Learn more about tooth decay If you have dry mouth, your dentist or doctor may recommend the use of artificial saliva products. These products are available over-the-counter in a rinse or spray. Toothpastes, mouthwashes, and moisturizing gels that are specially formulated for dry mouth are also available; ask your dentist or doctor about these products.
system: How can you minimize dry mouth?
output: To minimize dry mouth: Drink water frequently to keep your mouth moist and loosen mucus. Carry water with you to sip throughout the day and keep water by your bed at night. Suck on sugar-free hard candies, ice chips, or sugar-free popsicles. Moisten foods with broths, soups, sauces, gravy, creams, and butter or margarine. Eat soft, moist foods that are cool or at room temperature. Avoid commercial mouth rinses or mouthwashes that contain alcohol or peroxide. Avoid drinks containing alcohol or caffeine (for example, coffees, teas, some colas, chocolate-containing drinks). Also avoid acidic beverages, such as any fruit juices (orange, apple, grape, grapefruit) and tomato juice. Other tips to reduce irritation associated with dry mouth include: Minimize your intake of spicy or salty foods as these may cause pain in a dry mouth.
system: What are rashes caused by HIV opportunistic infections?
output: These can include: Molluscum contagiosum: This viral skin infection causes small, flesh-colored bumps that can appear anywhere on your body, though usually not on your hands or the soles of your feet.
system: What does a rash caused by HIV infection look like?
output: Usually, it's: On the trunk or face, and sometimes on the hands and feet Red on people with light skin or more purple on people with dark skin The rash appears when your body tries to fight off the virus. Other symptoms of early HIV infection include fever, fatigue, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, headaches, muscle aches, and diarrhea. These typically last about 2 weeks.
system: What can you do about an HIV-related rash?
output: If you're not sure what's causing your rash, see your doctor. Talk with your doctor about over-the-counter medication, such as antihistamine or hydrocortisone, to help with itching. Don't take hot showers or baths. Stay out of direct sunlight.
system: How do you treat an HIV infection rash?
output: Because these symptoms look and feel like other common ailments (such as the flu or an allergic reaction) and disappear quickly, many people don't realize they can be signs of an HIV infection. A blood test can easily tell if you have the virus. Once these early symptoms go away, you may not notice any others until much later. Medication can help control the virus, but an HIV infection can develop into AIDS if it's not treated. It's best to see a doctor quickly if you think you have shingles.
system: What should I do if my Crohn's disease doctor isn't right for me?
output: If your doctor doesn't hit the mark in all areas, these tips may help you: Bring questions. Come to your doctor visit with a list of things that are on your mind. Bring up the most pressing ones first. Your doctor or a staff member might also answer questions by email. Let you doctor know if you don't understand something or need something repeated. Ask anything -- no question is too basic. Be honest. Keep notes of your symptoms and the treatments you've tried, including over-the-counter drugs and nutrition supplements. Tell your doctor how you feel. And if you miss a dose of a prescribed drug, be sure to mention that. If you don't think your doctor is right for you, you can look for another one. Your insurance provider, regular doctor, friends, or the American College of Gastroenterology may be able to help you find one who specializes in treating Crohn's.
system: What kind of doctor should I look for if I have Crohn's disease?
output: Or it may be severe and require complex treatment. In that case, the number one thing to look for is the right kind of gastroenterologist. A gastroenterologist is a doctor who specializes in digestion and problems in the gut. If you have severe Crohn's, find a gastroenterologist who specializes in inflammatory bowel disease. You can find one at most medical centers and teaching hospitals or through the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of America. If you can't see a specialist, your primary care doctor may need to consult with one to plan your care.
system: How can I avoid health problems caused by Crohn's disease?
output: Willing to treat Crohn's aggressively if necessary. The better your treatment is at keeping your gut from becoming inflamed, the more likely you are to avoid scarring and other health problems that Crohn's can cause. This helps you avoid hospital stays and surgeries and keep up with your job, family, and the things you enjoy.
system: How helpful should my Crohn's disease doctor be?
output: You want a doctor who can explain your disease or answer your questions fully and clearly. If your doctor doesn't have enough time to answer your questions, make sure a nurse or other person in the office can.
system: What should my Crohn's disease doctor discuss with me?
output: Looks beyond drug treatment. Your doctor should also talk to you about more than medications. You also need to discuss food and nutrition, helpful lifestyle habits like exercise and not smoking, and surgery if it could help you.
system: How should the doctor treating my Crohn's disease help me?
output: Your Crohn's doctor should be willing to work with your primary care doctor, who is your partner for treating any other medical problems you may have. Your Crohn's doctor should also be able to refer you to people who will help you make other health changes such as quit smoking, get more exercise, or improve your diet.
system: If I donât think my Crohn's doctor is right for me what should I do?
output: If you don't think your doctor is right for you, you can look for another one. Your insurance provider, regular doctor, friends, or the American College of Gastroenterology may be able to help you find one who specializes in treating Crohn's.
system: What characteristics should I look for in my Crohn's doctor?
output: A good office staff. Does the staff answer your calls or return them right away? Are they polite and helpful? Insurance . Is the doctor on your insurance plan? Easy access. If your symptoms get worse, can you get in to see the doctor quickly? Does the doctor respond to your calls or emails. Come to your doctor visit with a list of things that are on your mind.
system: What should I look for in a doctor to treat my Crohn's disease?
output: Background in treating Crohn's disease . Wants to work with your other doctors. Your Crohn's doctor should be willing to work with your primary care doctor, who is your partner for treating any other medical problems you may have. Someone you can talk to. A treatment style that works for you. A good office staff. Is the doctor on your insurance plan?
system: How does abstinence work as birth control?
output: Not having sex, also called abstinence, is the only surefire way to avoid a pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases, like HPV.
system: How well do shots work as birth control for teens?
output: The shot is a drug called medroxyprogesterone ( Depo- Provera). It has a long-acting form of the hormone progestin that lasts about 3 months. If your teen chooses this option, she'll need to visit the doctor every 11-13 weeks for an injection. Girls who use this type of birth control might have lighter periods. But they could also gain weight and lose bone density. Only about 6 in every 100 females who choose this method get pregnant in the first year. That's a better success rate than birth control pills.
system: What should I know about intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants as birth control?
output: Here are the basics: An IUD is a small, T-shaped device placed into the womb. It can stay there for 3-10 years, depending on the type. Some IUDs release hormones to provide more protection against pregnancy and to ease menstrual cramps. The implant is a plastic rod about the size of a match. It goes under the skin on your upper arm. It prevents pregnancies for up to 3 years. Each must be inserted by a health care provider. Neither will protect you against sexually transmitted diseases ( STDs). Male condoms are best for that.
system: How can you choose the right birth control for your teen?
output: Some things to consider: Her overall health Cultural and religious preferences How well the method prevents pregnancy Whether it prevents STDs Ease of use Cost It can be hard to talk to your teen about sex and birth control. Her pediatrician or family doctor can help get the conversation started and either prescribe what she needs or refer you to a specialist. As of March 2016, teens in 21 states and the District of Columbia are able to decide for themselves if they want birth control. They don't need a parent's consent. While most birth control methods require the girl to take action, boys should take responsibility, too. They should wear a condom during sex to prevent pregnancy and the spread of STDs.
system: How well do intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants work as a birth control?
output: Doctors often prescribe them first. You don't have to think about them in the heat of the moment or remember to take a pill every day. And they work extremely well at preventing pregnancies. Less than 1 in every 100 females with an IUD or birth control implant will get pregnant during a year. It has a long-acting form of the hormone progestin that lasts about 3 months.
system: How well do patches work as birth control for teens?
output: You don't have to think about them in the heat of the moment or remember to take a pill every day. Your teen needs to stick it onto her body, usually the upper arm or her backside. She'll wear it for 3 weeks, then take a week off. That's when she should get her period. It doesn't prevent pregnancy as well as other methods. About 9 in every 100 users will get pregnant during the first year. Still, it's easier to use than birth control pills.
system: What should you consider in choosing the right birth control?
output: If your teen chooses this option, she'll need to visit the doctor every 11-13 weeks for an injection. Some things to consider: Her overall health Cultural and religious preferences How well the method prevents pregnancy Whether it prevents STDs Ease of use Cost It can be hard to talk to your teen about sex and birth control.
system: What is cardiac catheterization?
output: Cardiac catheterization (also called cardiac cath or coronary angiogram) is an invasive imaging procedure that allows your doctor to "see" how well your heart is supplied by blood vessels.
system: What are the risks of cardiac cath?
output: Risks of a cardiac cath are uncommon but can include: Bleeding around the point of puncture Abnormal heart rhythms Blood clots Infection Allergic reaction to the dye Stroke Heart attack Perforation of a blood vessel Air embolism (introduction of air into a blood vessel, which can be life-threatening) Death Be sure to ask your doctor any questions you may have before undergoing the procedure.
system: How long does a cardiac cath last?
output: A cardiac cath procedure usually takes about 30 minutes (and longer if you undergo an intervention), but the preparation and recovery time add several hours. Plan on being at the hospital all day for the procedure.
system: Why do I need a cardiac cath?
output: Your doctor uses cardiac cath to: Evaluate or confirm the presence of heart disease (such as coronary artery disease, heart valve disease, or disease of the aorta) Evaluate heart muscle function Determine the need for further treatment (such as an interventional procedure or bypass surgery) At most medical centers, interventional procedures to open blocked arteries are performed after the diagnostic part of the cardiac cath is complete.
system: How should I prepare for a cardiac cath?
output: For a cardiac cath, most people will need to have blood tests and an electrocardiogram. Your doctor or nurse will give you specific instructions about what you can and cannot eat or drink before the procedure. Tell your doctor all of the medications you are currently taking, including herbal products and dietary supplements. Ask your doctor what drugs should be taken on the day of your cardiac cath. You may be told to stop taking certain medications, such as Coumadin (a blood thinner), for a few days before the procedure. If you have diabetes, ask your doctor how to adjust your diabetes drugs the day of your test. Tell your doctor and/or nurses if you are allergic to anything, especially iodine, shellfish, X-ray dye, latex, or rubber products (such as rubber gloves or balloons) or penicillin-type medications.
system: What illnesses happen with depression?
output: It's common for people to have other medical or mental health problems along with depression, such as anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, phobias, substance use disorders, and eating disorders. If you or a loved one has symptoms of depression or another mental illness, talk to your doctor. Treatments can help.
system: Is childhood depression common?
output: Childhood depression is different from the normal "blues" and everyday emotions most kids feel. If your child is sad, it doesn't necessarily mean he has depression. It's when the sadness stays with him day after day that depression may be an issue. Or, if your child has disruptive behavior that interferes with normal social activities, interests, schoolwork, or family life, that may also be signs of a problem.
system: How do you know if you have depression?
output: According to the DSM-5, a manual doctors use to diagnose mental disorders, you have depression when you have five or more of these symptoms for at least 2 weeks: A depressed mood during most of the day, especially in the morning You feel tired or have a lack of energy almost every day. You feel worthless or guilty almost every day. You have a hard time focusing, remembering details, and making decisions. You can't sleep or you sleep too much almost every day. You have almost no interest or pleasure in many activities nearly every day. You think often about death or suicide (not just a fear of death). You feel restless or slowed down. You've lost or gained weight. You may also: Feel irritable and restless Lose pleasure in life Overeat or stop feeling hungry Have aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems that don't go away or get better with treatment Have sad, anxious, or "empty" feelings While these symptoms are common, not everyone with depression will have the same ones.
system: Are there different types of depression?
output: There are a few types of depressive disorders that doctors can diagnose, including: Unipolar major depression Persistent depressive disorder, also called dysthymia, when depression lasts for at least 2 years Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, when children and teens get extremely irritable, angry, and often have intense outbursts that are more severe than a child's typical reaction Premenstrual dysphoric disorder, when a woman has severe mood problems before her period, more intense than typical premenstrual syndrome ( PMS) Substance-induced mood disorder ( SIMD), when symptoms happen while you're taking a drug or drinking alcohol or after you stop Depressive disorder due to another medical condition Other depressive disorders, such as minor depression Your depression may have other specific features, such as: Anxious distress.
system: What is depression?
output: It's a normal reaction to loss or life's struggles. But when intense sadness -- including feeling helpless, hopeless, and worthless -- lasts for many days to weeks and keeps you from living your life, it may be something more than sadness. You could have clinical depression -- a treatable medical condition. According to the DSM-5, a manual doctors use to diagnose mental disorders, you have depression when you have five or more of these symptoms for at least 2 weeks: A depressed mood during most of the day, especially in the morning You feel tired or have a lack of energy almost every day.
system: Do symptoms of depression vary?
output: You may also: Feel irritable and restless Lose pleasure in life Overeat or stop feeling hungry Have aches or pains, headaches, cramps, or digestive problems that don't go away or get better with treatment Have sad, anxious, or "empty" feelings While these symptoms are common, not everyone with depression will have the same ones. How severe they are, how often they happen, and how long they last can vary. Your symptoms may also happen in patterns. For example, depression may come with a change in seasons (a condition formerly called seasonal affective disorder).
system: What are the warning signs of suicide from depression?
output: Anybody who thinks or talks about harming themselves should be taken very seriously. Do not hesitate to call your local suicide hotline right away. Call 800- SUICIDE (800-784-2433); 800-273- TALK (800-273-8255); or, for the hotline for the hearing impaired, call 800-799-4889. Or contact a mental health professional ASAP. If you intend or have a plan to commit suicide, go to the emergency room right away. Warning signs include: Thoughts or talk of death or suicide Thoughts or talk of self-harm or harm to others Aggressive behavior or impulsiveness Watch for these signs if your child or teen starts taking antidepressants. In some cases, people under 25 may have more suicidal thoughts in the first weeks of taking these medicines or when they take a different dose.
system: Where can I get help for depression?
output: If you or someone you know has symptoms of the condition, talk to your doctor. He can evaluate you and offer you treatment or refer you to a mental health professional.
system: What is depression in teens like?
output: However, when the sadness lasts for more than 2 weeks and a teen has other symptoms of depression, then he may have a problem. Talk to your doctor and find out if your teen may be depressed. There is effective treatment that can help teens move beyond depression as they grow older. You can feel good after happy events, but you also feel hungrier, need to sleep a lot, and are sensitive to rejection.
system: What tests might you get to help diagnose vasculitis?
output: These abnormalities include: Anemia A high white blood cell count A high platelet count Signs of kidney or liver problems Signs of an allergic reaction Inflammation Blood tests also can identify immune complexes or antibodies (ways the body fights off what it thinks is a threat) that cause vasculitis. Additional tests may include X-rays, tissue biopsies, blood vessel, and heart scans.
system: How is vasculitis treated?
output: Vasculitis is a general term that refers to inflammation of blood vessels. When blood vessels become inflamed, they may become weakened, leak, stretch, and either increase in size or become narrow -- even to the point of closing entirely. Treatment for vasculitis depends entirely upon diagnosis and the affected organs. In other instances, when critical organs such as the lungs, brain, or kidneys are involved, aggressive and timely treatment is necessary. Treatment generally consists of corticosteroid medications (steroids).
system: What causes vasculitis?
output: Vasculitis is a general term that refers to inflammation of blood vessels. When blood vessels become inflamed, they may become weakened, leak, stretch, and either increase in size or become narrow -- even to the point of closing entirely. Vasculitis can affect people of all ages, but there are types of vasculitis that occur in certain age groups more often than others. In a few cases, however, the origins may be traced to recent or ongoing infections, such as those caused by certain viruses. Occasionally, an allergic reaction to a medication may trigger vasculitis. For example, it could be a complication of rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, or SjÃ¶gren's syndrome. This medicine may be used along with steroids The outlook for someone with vasculitis varies, depending on the type of vasculitis the person has.
system: Can ice or heat help treat pain or stiffness from rheumatoid arthritis?
output: They're classic remedies, and a lot of people swear by them. Put a cold compress or ice pack (wrapped in a towel) on your painful and swollen joint. Use the ice packs for 15 minutes at a time with 30-minute breaks in between. Moist heat can help relax muscles and ease aches, pain, and stiffness. Wrap a warm towel or pad around the area that hurts. Or try a warm bath or shower.
system: Should I get more sleep if I have rheumatoid arthritis?
output: When you don't get enough shut-eye, you not only feel tired, but your joints will hurt too. To get a better night's sleep, go to bed and get up at the same time each day. Try to get some exercise every day. Avoid nicotine, caffeine, and alcohol. And don't forget to "unplug" your bedroom: Turn off TVs, computers, and phones. If you still need more help, talk to your doctor.