laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What drugs are used to help treat metastatic melanoma?
output: Some drugs attack a gene called BRAF. About half the people who have melanoma have changes in this gene, which helps cancer cells grow. If you have a tumor with BRAF, these drugs may shrink it and extend your life. They include: Dabrafenib ( Tafinlar) Encorafenib ( Braftovi) Vemurafenib ( Zelboraf) Other drugs block an enzyme called MEK. This enzyme is often overactive in some cancers. These drugs, working in combination with a BRAF inhibitor to attack cancer cells, seem to shrink tumors for a longer period of time: Binimetinib ( Mektovi) Cobimetinib ( Cotellic) Trametinib ( Mekinist) Hearing that your cancer has spread is scary, but a lot of research is underway to find new treatments.
system: How is immunotherapy used to treat metastatic melanoma?
output: These drugs boost your immune system so it can better attack the cancer. You get immunotherapy through an IV or a shot in high doses. It can have serious side effects, but it can also shrink metastatic melanomas and help some people live longer.
system: Where can you get support for metastatic melanoma?
output: The Melanoma Research Foundation has an online library of free support services, including an online patient community and a phone buddy program. And for more information on metastatic melanoma, go to the web site of the Skin Cancer Foundation.
system: Can metastatic melanoma be cured?
output: Melanoma often spreads to: Tissue under the skin Lymph nodes Lungs Liver Brain Although in any cases metastatic melanoma can't be cured, treatments and support can help you live longer and better. Doctors have new therapies that have greatly increased survival rates.
system: What is metastatic melanoma?
output: You may also hear your doctor refer to it as stage IV melanoma. When? And what type?
system: What drugs are used in immunotherapy for metastatic melanoma?
output: This test uses radioactive material to look for signs of cancer. These can help some people, depending on the size and location of the cancer. It can also be used for late-stage melanoma that cannot be removed by surgery. Ipilimumab is often used in combination with a PD-1 inhibitor. Nivolumab ( Opdivo) and pembrolizumab ( Keytruda) work by inhibiting the PD-1 protein on cells, which blocks the body's immune system from attacking melanoma tumors. Combination therapy with ipilimumab and either nivolumab or pembrolizumab has been shown to increase overall survival compared to treating with ipilimumab alone.
system: What should you expect if you have metastatic melanoma?
output: So find support and learn about your treatment options. Although metastatic melanoma is not easy to treat, you do have options.
system: What tests are used to diagnose metastatic melanoma?
output: Have you been diagnosed with melanoma before? This uses radiation in low doses to make pictures of the inside of your body. CT scan (computerized tomography). It uses powerful magnets and radio waves to make pictures of organs and structures inside your body. It helps show blood flow and can help locate cancer growths. PET scan.
system: What are the goals of treatment for metastatic melanoma?
output: You can get the disease on parts of your body that don't get sunlight, though, like the palms of your hands and the retinas of your eyes. Stop it from spreading to new areas. Make you more comfortable.
system: How is metastatic melanoma diagnosed?
output: Have you been diagnosed with melanoma before? You usually get one of three types: Punch biopsy. Excisional biopsy. Your doctor takes out the entire growth. A doctor will look at the growth under a microscope to see how thick it is. Usually, a thicker tumor means the cancer is more serious. Your doctor can help you find a cancer support group.
system: What is sensory processing disorder and how does it relate to ADHD?
output: The occupational therapist might also test your child for something called sensory processing disorder. Kids with ADHD sometimes have more trouble than their peers processing sights, sounds, smells, and other things. But there is some debate as to whether this is an actual disorder. The American Academy of Pediatrics believes that sensory processing problems exist, but doesn't consider it a separate disorder. Most people can filter out the screams of a fire engine siren or the sound of a flushing toilet. But for some kids with ADHD, these sights and sounds overwhelm their senses.
system: What does the first session with an occupational therapist for ADHD typically entail?
output: The first thing the therapist does is evaluate your child. They usually do this with input from you and your child's teachers.
system: What is sensory processing disorder in kids with ADHD?
output: Kids with ADHD sometimes have more trouble than their peers processing sights, sounds, smells, and other things. But there is some debate as to whether this is an actual disorder. The American Academy of Pediatrics believes that sensory processing problems exist, but doesn't consider it a separate disorder.
system: How can an occupational therapist help kids with ADHD?
output: An occupational therapist, or " OT," helps kids with ADHD improve certain skills, such as: Organization Physical coordination Ability to do everyday tasks -- such as take a shower, organize their backpack, or make their bed -- quickly and well Control their âenergyâ levels, hyperactivity, etc. Occupational therapists typically have a master's degree. They are certified in their field and licensed in the state where they practice.
system: How should I pick an occupational therapist for my child with ADHD?
output: When you're in the process of picking an occupational therapist, ask these questions: What kind of training do you have? Are you certified and licensed to practice in this state? Are you specifically trained in pediatric occupational therapy or just OT? How much experience do you have working with kids who have ADHD? How will you evaluate my child? What treatment goals do you recommend? What types of therapy will your program involve? The OT you choose should focus on your child's needs and listen to your concerns.
system: How can you find an occupational therapist?
output: You can check with the American Occupational Therapy Association to find a qualified OT in your area. Or you can check with local hospitals. Your child's doctor will often have a list of good OTs near you, too. When you're in the process of picking an occupational therapist, ask these questions: What kind of training do you have? Are you certified and licensed to practice in this state? Are you specifically trained in pediatric occupational therapy or just OT? How much experience do you have working with kids who have ADHD? How will you evaluate my child? What treatment goals do you recommend? What types of therapy will your program involve? The OT you choose should focus on your child's needs and listen to your concerns. Make sure you're comfortable with the therapist you pick.
system: Does sensory therapy in addition to ADHD treatment help ADHD symptoms more?
output: In this technique, the therapist helps to reorganize the child's sensory system, using: Deep pressure, such as massage or the use of a weighted vest or blanket Rhythmic, repetitive movements such as on a swing, trampoline, or exercise ball Different textures for the child to touch Listening therapy to help with sensitivity to sounds Sensory therapy can be part of an overall treatment for ADHD that includes medicine and behavior therapy. The research on sensory processing disorder is still new. There is some evidence that this technique can help improve issues like impulsivity and hyperactivity. But most experts think occupational therapy is best for help in treating weaknesses in coordination and organization, which children with ADHD often have.
system: What does a typical therapy session between an occupational therapist and a child for ADHD look like?
output: During a therapy session, the occupational therapist and your child might: Play games, such as catching or hitting a ball to improve coordination. Do activities to work out anger and aggression. Learn new ways to do daily tasks like brushing teeth, getting dressed, or feeding himself. Try techniques to improve focus. Practice handwriting. Go over social skills. Work on time management. Set up ways to stay organized in the classroom and at home. Come up with an analogy that helps your child understand hyperactivity and how to keep it in check.
system: How do children with sensory processing disorder react to stimulation?
output: Some children with the condition pull away from too much stimulation. Others crave even more.
system: What will an occupational therapist look for when evaluating my child's ADHD?
output: During the evaluation, the therapist will look at how ADHD affects your child's: Schoolwork Social life Home life The OT will also do a test to find out your child's strengths and weaknesses. Then they'll recommend ways to address his issues.
system: What educational background is necessary to be an occupational therapist for ADHD?
output: Are you certified and licensed to practice in this state? Occupational therapists use a technique called sensory integrative therapy to help kids with ADHD who have sensory processing disorder.
system: What is sensory therapy for kids with ADHD?
output: The occupational therapist might also test your child for something called sensory processing disorder. In this technique, the therapist helps to reorganize the child's sensory system, using: Deep pressure, such as massage or the use of a weighted vest or blanket Rhythmic, repetitive movements such as on a swing, trampoline, or exercise ball Different textures for the child to touch Listening therapy to help with sensitivity to sounds Sensory therapy can be part of an overall treatment for ADHD that includes medicine and behavior therapy. The research on sensory processing disorder is still new. There is some evidence that this technique can help improve issues like impulsivity and hyperactivity. But most experts think occupational therapy is best for help in treating weaknesses in coordination and organization, which children with ADHD often have.
system: What are the side effects of heart pump medication for heart failure?
output: Tell your doctor or nurse right away the first time any of these side effects happen: Headache Increased heart rate High blood pressure Nausea Vomiting Shortness of breath Faintness, dizziness, or lightheadedness Mild leg cramps or tingling sensation If any of the following side effects happen, stop the infusion and call your doctor right away: Irregular, fast heartbeat (more than 120 beats per minute) Pain or swelling at your infusion site Fever of 101 F or higher Pump malfunction (then call the pharmacy immediately for a replacement) Yes.
system: What guidelines should you follow while taking heart pump medication?
output: Keep all appointments so your doctor can see how well the medicine is working. Always have enough infusion bags of your medication. Check your supply before vacations, holidays, or other occasions when you may not be able to get it. Never get other intravenous medications through the same intravenous line. Take precautions to prevent infection while you are taking this drug. Your doctor will let you know what you need to do.
system: What are some guidelines for inotropic therapy for heart failure?
output: Keep all appointments so your doctor can see how well the medicine is working. Always have enough infusion bags of your medication. Check your supply before vacations, holidays, or other occasions when you may not be able to get it. Never get other intravenous medications through the same intravenous line. Take precautions to prevent infection while you are taking this drug. Your doctor will let you know what you need to do.
system: How is heart pump medication used for heart failure?
output: It's used to make the heart muscle's contractions stronger. It may also speed the heart's rhythm. It's used in end-stage heart failure to help relieve and control symptoms so you can perform your daily activities better. These medications are only used when other drugs don't control heart failure symptoms anymore.
system: How should I take heart pump medications for heart failure?
output: Heart pump medications include: Dobutamine ( Dobutrex) Milrinone ( Primacor) The first time you get them will be in a hospital where you can be closely watched. Dobutamine and milrinone are IV medications given through an infusion pump into your vein. This helps make sure the dose is accurate. You might get them continuously or periodically over 6 to 72 hours, one or more times per week. Even if you feel well, don't stop taking this medicine without asking your doctor. If you are discharged from the hospital with an inotropic medication, a home health nurse will give you specific directions on how to care for your intravenous site, catheter, and infusion pump.
system: What are types of heart pump drugs?
output: Heart pump medications include: Dobutamine ( Dobutrex) Milrinone ( Primacor) The first time you get them will be in a hospital where you can be closely watched.
system: When should you immediately stop the infusion of heart pump drugs and call your doctor?
output: Tell your doctor or nurse right away the first time any of these side effects happen: Headache Increased heart rate High blood pressure Nausea Vomiting Shortness of breath Faintness, dizziness, or lightheadedness Mild leg cramps or tingling sensation If any of the following side effects happen, stop the infusion and call your doctor right away: Irregular, fast heartbeat (more than 120 beats per minute) Pain or swelling at your infusion site Fever of 101 F or higher Pump malfunction (then call the pharmacy immediately for a replacement) Yes.
system: How are heart pump drugs for heart failure given?
output: Heart pump drugs are sometimes given in the short term to people waiting for a heart transplant. The risk of death rises if they're taken long term. Heart pump medications include: Dobutamine ( Dobutrex) Milrinone ( Primacor) The first time you get them will be in a hospital where you can be closely watched.
system: What does heart pump medication do, and when might you need it?
output: Heart pump medication, also called inotropic therapy, makes an injured or weakened heart pump harder. It's used to make the heart muscle's contractions stronger. It may also speed the heart's rhythm. It's used in end-stage heart failure to help relieve and control symptoms so you can perform your daily activities better. These medications are only used when other drugs don't control heart failure symptoms anymore. Heart pump drugs are sometimes given in the short term to people waiting for a heart transplant.
system: When should you call the doctor about the side effects of heart pump medication for heart failure?
output: Tell your doctor or nurse right away the first time any of these side effects happen: Headache Increased heart rate High blood pressure Nausea Vomiting Shortness of breath Faintness, dizziness, or lightheadedness Mild leg cramps or tingling sensation If any of the following side effects happen, stop the infusion and call your doctor right away: Irregular, fast heartbeat (more than 120 beats per minute) Pain or swelling at your infusion site Fever of 101 F or higher Pump malfunction (then call the pharmacy immediately for a replacement) Yes.
system: What side effects of heart pump medications should you tell your doctor about right away?
output: Tell your doctor or nurse right away the first time any of these side effects happen: Headache Increased heart rate High blood pressure Nausea Vomiting Shortness of breath Faintness, dizziness, or lightheadedness Mild leg cramps or tingling sensation If any of the following side effects happen, stop the infusion and call your doctor right away: Irregular, fast heartbeat (more than 120 beats per minute) Pain or swelling at your infusion site Fever of 101 F or higher Pump malfunction (then call the pharmacy immediately for a replacement) Yes.
system: Should I avoid certain foods or medicines during heart pump medication for heart failure?
output: This helps make sure the dose is accurate. Tell your doctor or nurse right away the first time any of these side effects happen: Headache Increased heart rate High blood pressure Nausea Vomiting Shortness of breath Faintness, dizziness, or lightheadedness Mild leg cramps or tingling sensation If any of the following side effects happen, stop the infusion and call your doctor right away: Irregular, fast heartbeat (more than 120 beats per minute) Pain or swelling at your infusion site Fever of 101 F or higher Pump malfunction (then call the pharmacy immediately for a replacement) Yes.
system: Should you keep taking heart pump drugs if you feel better?
output: If you are discharged from the hospital with an inotropic medication, a home health nurse will give you specific directions on how to care for your intravenous site, catheter, and infusion pump. Keep all appointments so your doctor can see how well the medicine is working.
system: Should you avoid certain foods while taking heart pump medication?
output: This helps make sure the dose is accurate. Tell your doctor or nurse right away the first time any of these side effects happen: Headache Increased heart rate High blood pressure Nausea Vomiting Shortness of breath Faintness, dizziness, or lightheadedness Mild leg cramps or tingling sensation If any of the following side effects happen, stop the infusion and call your doctor right away: Irregular, fast heartbeat (more than 120 beats per minute) Pain or swelling at your infusion site Fever of 101 F or higher Pump malfunction (then call the pharmacy immediately for a replacement) Yes.
system: Can posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) be prevented?
output: Avoiding: The person may avoid people, places, thoughts, or situations that may remind him or her of the trauma.
system: How does group therapy help posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: Group therapy may be helpful by allowing the person to share thoughts, fears, and feelings with other people who have experienced traumatic events.
system: How does posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affect children?
output: Young children with PTSD may suffer from delayed development in areas such as toilet training, motor skills, and language.
system: What is psychotherapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: Psychotherapy Psychotherapy for PTSD involves helping the person learn skills to manage symptoms and develop ways of coping. Therapy also aims to teach the person and his or her family about the disorder, and help the person work through the fears associated with the traumatic event.
system: When do symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) occur?
output: Symptoms of PTSD most often begin within three months of the event. In some cases, however, they do not begin until years later. The severity and duration of the illness vary. Some people recover within six months, while others suffer much longer.
system: How does family therapy help posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: Family therapy may be useful because the behavior of the person with PTSD can have an affect on other family members.
system: What is exposure therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: Prolonged exposure therapy, a type of behavioral therapy that involves having the person re-live the traumatic experience, or exposing the person to objects or situations that cause anxiety. This is done in a well-controlled and safe environment. Prolonged exposure therapy helps the person confront the fear and gradually become more comfortable with situations that are frightening and cause anxiety. This has been very successful at treating PTSD.
system: What is eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: A variety of psychotherapy approaches are used to treat people with PTSD, including: Cognitive behavioral therapy, which involves learning to recognize and change thought patterns that lead to troublesome emotions, feelings, and behavior.
system: What medications are used to treat posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: Medication Doctors use certain antidepressant medications to treat PTSD -- and to control the feelings of anxiety and its associated symptoms -- including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ( SSRIs) such as Paxil, Celexa, Luvox, Prozac, and Zoloft; and tricyclic antidepressants such as Elavil and Doxepin. Mood stabilizers such as Depakote and Lamictal and atypical antipsychotics such as Seroquel and Abilify are sometimes used. Certain blood pressure medicines are also sometimes used to control particular symptoms. For example prazosin may be used for nightmares, or propranolol may be used to help minimize the formation of traumatic memories. "
system: Who gets posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: Everyone reacts to traumatic events differently. Each person is unique in his or her ability to manage fear and stress and to cope with the threat posed by a traumatic event or situation. For that reason, not everyone who experiences or witnesses a trauma will develop PTSD. Further, the type of help and support a person receives from friends, family members and professionals following the trauma may influence the development of PTSD or the severity of symptoms. PTSD was first brought to the attention of the medical community by war veterans; hence the names shell shock and battle fatigue syndrome. However, PTSD can occur in anyone who has experienced a traumatic event that threatens death or violence. People who have been abused as children or who have been repeatedly exposed to life-threatening situations are at greater risk for developing PTSD. Victims of trauma related to physical and sexual assault face the greatest risk for PTSD.
system: What is posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: PTSD is a lasting consequence of traumatic ordeals that cause intense fear, helplessness, or horror, such as a sexual or physical assault, the unexpected death of a loved one, an accident, war, or natural disaster. Families of victims can also develop PTSD, as can emergency personnel and rescue workers. ', }, share: { suppress: false, title: ' Posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD) is a serious mental condition that requires treatment.
system: What are the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
output: Symptoms of PTSD most often begin within three months of the event. These may include flashbacks, hallucinations, and nightmares. They also may feel great distress when certain things remind them of the trauma, such as the anniversary date of the event. Avoiding: The person may avoid people, places, thoughts, or situations that may remind him or her of the trauma. This can lead to feelings of detachment and isolation from family and friends, as well as a loss of interest in activities that the person once enjoyed. Increased arousal: These include excessive emotions; problems relating to others, including feeling or showing affection; difficulty falling or staying asleep; irritability; outbursts of anger; difficulty concentrating; and being "jumpy" or easily startled. The person may also suffer physical symptoms, such as increased blood pressure and heart rate, rapid breathing, muscle tension, nausea, and diarrhea. Negative Cognitions and Mood: This refers to thoughts and feelings related to blame, estrangement, and memories of the traumatic event.