laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: How does eye movement desensitization and reprocessing work?
output: Even the most enthusiastic supporters of EMDR have not agreed on how the therapy works. At this point, only theories exist. By inducing the recall of distressing events and diverting attention from their emotional consequences, EMDR in some respects borrows basic principles used in prolonged exposure therapy, the gold standard behavioral psychotherapeutic treatment of PTSD. Some therapists believe that EMDR reduces anxiety. This allows patients to better take control of their upsetting thoughts. Others simply say that we don't yet understand how EMDR works. According to the APA guidelines, EMDR needs further study to more fully understand it.
system: What is eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?
output: Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing ( EMDR) is a fairly new, nontraditional type of psychotherapy. It's growing in popularity, particularly for treating post-traumatic stress disorder ( PTSD). PTSD often occurs after experiences such as military combat, physical assault, rape, or car accidents.
system: What can you expect from eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?
output: An EMDR treatment session can last up to 90 minutes. Your therapist will move his or her fingers back and forth in front of your face and ask you to follow these hand motions with your eyes. At the same time, the EMDR therapist will have you recall a disturbing event. This will include the emotions and body sensations that go along with it. Gradually, the therapist will guide you to shift your thoughts to more pleasant ones. Some therapists use alternatives to finger movements, such as hand or toe tapping or musical tones. People who use the technique argue that EMDR can weaken the effect of negative emotions. Before and after each EMDR treatment, your therapist will ask you to rate your level of distress. The hope is that your disturbing memories will become less disabling.
system: How effective is eye movement desensitization and reprocessing?
output: They include: Panic attacks Eating disorders Addictions Anxiety, such as discomfort with public speaking or dental procedures More than 20,000 practitioners have been trained to use EMDR since psychologist Francine Shapiro developed the technique in 1989. While walking through the woods one day, Shapiro happened to notice that her own negative emotions lessened as her eyes darted from side to side. Other researchers, though, have shown the treatment's effectiveness in published reports that consolidated data from several studies.
system: What are the symptoms of Bell's palsy?
output: You may go to bed one night feeling fine. But when you look in the mirror the next morning, you see that part of your face seems to be drooping. Some people feel pain behind their ear 1-2 days before they notice any weakness. Others say that sounds seem much louder than normal in the days before they see any other symptoms. You might also notice the following things before the onset of Bell's palsy (remember that these symptoms will probably only happen on one side of your face): You're unable to close your eyelid or blink Your eye waters more or less than usual Drooling Difficulty chewing Decreased sense of taste Your facial muscles twitch Pain or numbness behind your ear Facial weakness and drooping typically reach their peak within a day or two.
system: What might you notice before the onset of Bell's palsy?
output: You might also notice the following things before the onset of Bell's palsy (remember that these symptoms will probably only happen on one side of your face): You're unable to close your eyelid or blink Your eye waters more or less than usual Drooling Difficulty chewing Decreased sense of taste Your facial muscles twitch Pain or numbness behind your ear Facial weakness and drooping typically reach their peak within a day or two.
system: When do you start to feel better and recover from Bell's palsy symptoms?
output: The symptoms of Bell's palsy tend to come on all of a sudden. You might also notice the following things before the onset of Bell's palsy (remember that these symptoms will probably only happen on one side of your face): You're unable to close your eyelid or blink Your eye waters more or less than usual Drooling Difficulty chewing Decreased sense of taste Your facial muscles twitch Pain or numbness behind your ear Facial weakness and drooping typically reach their peak within a day or two. Most people start to feel better within a couple of weeks. Some people who develop Bell's palsy have a longer recovery period.
system: How do you treat macular degeneration?
output: For macular degeneration, there is currently no cure for age-related macular degeneration ( AMD), but new treatments are sometimes able to prevent severe visual loss.
system: How do you treat astigmatism?
output: To treat astigmatism, the accepted prescription is a lens that will correct or neutralize the effect of the uneven cornea. Again, you will typically have a choice between glasses and contact lenses. Surgery for astigmatism can include limbal relaxing incisions, LASIK, and toric intraocular lenses.
system: How do you treat cataracts?
output: With cataracts, the eye's natural lens becomes cloudy, obscuring vision. Correcting the problem was once a complex procedure requiring general anesthesia and a week of hospitalization. Today, a process called "phacoemulsification" uses ultrasound to break up the cataract and remove the tiny lens fragments through an incision so small that it usually requires no stitches. Some people mistakenly call this laser cataract surgery. The surgeon then inserts an artificial lens implant. Local anesthesia is used and the patient goes home from an outpatient facility typically within an hour or two after surgery.
system: How are dilating eye drops used in an eye exam?
output: Dilating eye drops may be given in order for the doctor to complete a full exam. The purpose of dilation is to open the pupil or âwindowâ to allow a much better view of the lens, retina, and optic nerve. Although this can cause some temporary blurriness, it is a very important evaluation. Typically, sunglasses are given at the end of an exam to help protect the eyes from sensitivity after the dilation until the effect wears off.
system: What treatments are available for age-related macular degeneration?
output: Treatment depends on the type of AMD, but may include: Injections of medication into the eye -- to prevent the formation of new, leaky blood vessels Laser therapy -- to destroy abnormal blood vessels Photodynamic therapy -- injection of medications that are activated by light exposure Submacular surgery (very rarely done) -- to remove blood under the retina, abnormal blood vessels or scar tissue Retinal translocation (very rarely done) -- surgical rotation of the damaged retinal tissue away from the macula Low-vision aids -- to help people with partial vision make the most of their remaining vision.
system: How can you protect yourself from age-related macular degeneration?
output: Other ways to protect your eyes from AMD include the following: Eating vegetables high in carotenoids, such as spinach and collard greens Wearing sunglasses with an ultraviolet filter when outdoors Not smoking Having regular visits to an eye care specialist to detect AMD and other eye diseases in the early stages For retinal detachment, some cases can be corrected with laser surgery, which has a high rate of success.
system: Why should I consider surgery to treat glaucoma?
output: Some patients with thin corneas and extreme nearsightedness may be better served with a variant of LASIK called PRK or they may not be good laser candidates at all. One long-term study, however, indicates that treating people with laser surgery first works just as well, if not better, to keep glaucoma in check.
system: What do the letters of bladder cancer stages mean?
output: It's based on the following three key pieces of information: T ( Tumor) -- This measures how far the main tumor has grown through the bladder and whether it has spread into nearby tissues. N ( Lymph Nodes) -- These are groups of cells that fight disease. â Nâ is used to describe whether cancer has spread into lymph nodes near the bladder. M ( Metastasized) -- Doctors use this to describe whether the disease has spread into organs or lymph nodes that aren't near the bladder. Your doctor will assign a number or letter after T, N, and M. The higher the number, the more the cancer has spread.
system: What are the stages of bladder cancer?
output: The stages describe how far your cancer has spread. There are two types of stages for bladder cancer -- the clinical stage and the pathologic stage. The clinical stage is your doctor's informed opinion of how far your cancer has spread. Your doctor will use this information to plan your treatment. The pathologic stage is something your doctor determines after surgery to remove the cancer. Your doctor will assign a number or letter after T, N, and M. The higher the number, the more the cancer has spread. These range from 0 to the Roman numeral IV.
system: What do the numbers of bladder cancer stages mean?
output: Here's what each stage means: Stage 0: The cancer has only grown into the center of your bladder. Stage I: The cancer has grown through the inner lining of your bladder, but not the muscle of your bladder wall. Stage II: The cancer has grown through the connective tissue in your bladder and into the muscle layer of the bladder. Stage III: Cancer is now in the layer of fatty tissue that surrounds your bladder. It may also be in your prostate, uterus, or vagina. But it hasn't spread to nearby lymph nodes or to distant organs. But it hasn't spread to lymph nodes or distant organs. Cancer is now in your lymph nodes or distant sites like your bones, liver, or lungs.
system: What causes body odor?
output: Sweat by itself is basically odorless. But when the bacteria that live on your skin mix with sweat, they multiply quickly and raise quite a stink. Washing thoroughly, especially the areas where you tend to sweat, can help with body odor.
system: Can using antibacterial soap help with body odor?
output: But when the bacteria that live on your skin mix with sweat, they multiply quickly and raise quite a stink. Washing thoroughly, especially the areas where you tend to sweat, can help with body odor. Washing thoroughly with an antibacterial soap bar will help get rid of some bacteria, which can help with the odor. Look for the word "antibacterial" on the soap's packaging.
system: How do deodorants or antiperspirants help with body odor?
output: Shower at least once a day, and you'll wash away sweat and get rid of some of the bacteria on your skin. These have aluminum chloride, a chemical that helps keep sweat at bay, and they often also have a deodorant in them. Look for ones that say they're higher strength. If you think you need more help, ask your doctor about prescription antiperspirants.
system: What are corticosteroid injections for osteoarthritis (OA)?
output: Even in a small joint, osteoarthritis ( OA) can have a big impact on your life. For instance, OA in your fingers can keep you from holding a pen or opening a jar. A stiff or sore knee can make it hard to walk. Getting a shot of corticosteroids (sometimes called a steroid shot) directly into a sore joint can ease pain quickly. Corticosteroids help fight inflammation -- the heat, redness, pain, and swelling in an injured or inflamed part of the body. Corticosteroid shots ease pain faster than anti-inflammatory pills.
system: What precautions should be taken with corticosteroid injections for  osteoarthritis (OA)?
output: Corticosteroids help fight inflammation -- the heat, redness, pain, and swelling in an injured or inflamed part of the body. They can't repair damaged cartilage or slow the progression of arthritis. Their relief is only temporary. Most experts say you should limit injections to no more than once every three or four months. Get no more than about four shots in any one joint. If you still have joint pain after corticosteroid injections, talk with your doctor about other treatments. Depending on the joints involved, other treatment options could include joint replacement.
system: How are corticosteroid injections for osteoarthritis (OA) given?
output: Most corticosteroid injections into your knee or a smaller joint, like the base of your thumb, can be done in a doctor's office. If the joint is puffy and filled with fluid, the doctor may insert a needle into the joint to remove the excess fluid. This quickly relieves some of the pain, because it reduces pressure in the joint. Next, the doctor uses a different syringe to inject the corticosteroid into the joint. Relief is almost instant, because the corticosteroid is usually mixed with a painkiller. The corticosteroid begins to curb inflammation within a few hours. The relief usually lasts from several weeks to several months. Your doctor may use imaging technology to help guide the needle into place.
system: What are the risks of injecting corticosteroid for osteoarthritis (OA)?
output: Corticosteroids help fight inflammation -- the heat, redness, pain, and swelling in an injured or inflamed part of the body. Some can be dangerous, such as a greater risk of infection, weight gain, ulcers in your digestive tract and bleeding, osteoporosis, increases in blood pressure and blood glucose levels, and eye problems such as cataracts and glaucoma. Injecting corticosteroids directly into a joint lessens or removes most of these side effects. They include: Injury to the joint tissues, mainly with repeated injections Thinning of cartilage, the smooth covering that protects the bones in the joint Weakening of the ligaments of the joint More inflammation in the joint caused by a corticosteroid that has crystallized Irritation of the nerves, by the needle or the medication itself Infecting the joint Whitening or thinning of skin at the injection site You should not have this type of treatment if you have an infection in or around a joint or you're allergic to any of the drugs used.
system: Is SIDS more likely in boys or girls?
output: You can swaddle her for warmth, but only until she learns how to roll over.
system: Is SIDS more common among babies of certain racial or ethnic groups?
output: It happens most often among African- Americans, Native Americans, and Alaska natives. Doctors aren't sure why.
system: Is co-sleeping OK to help prevent SIDS?
output: Sharing a room with your baby can cut her chances in half. But sleeping in the same bed with her raises her odds. Try not to fall asleep while sitting up and holding your baby.
system: How can sleeping in the same room with my baby help prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
output: When this happens to an infant under the age of 1, doctors refer to it as sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Because it often happens when a baby is asleep, you might also hear it called crib death or cot death. Sharing a room with your baby can cut her chances in half. But sleeping in the same bed with her raises her odds. Try not to fall asleep while sitting up and holding your baby.
system: How does the mother's health affect the chances of getting sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
output: When this happens to an infant under the age of 1, doctors refer to it as sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Because it often happens when a baby is asleep, you might also hear it called crib death or cot death. It's more likely to happen to a baby whose mother: Is younger than 20 Doesn't get good prenatal care Smokes, uses drugs, or drinks alcohol while pregnant or during baby's first year Yes.
system: What causes sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
output: When this happens to an infant under the age of 1, doctors refer to it as sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Because it often happens when a baby is asleep, you might also hear it called crib death or cot death. Some babies have a gene or a change to their genes that causes certain health problems that can lead to SIDS. Other babies are born with problems in the part of their brain that controls breathing, heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and waking from sleep. But researchers found some things that, when put together, raise a little one's risk: A hidden health problem, like brain defects Being in the first 6 months of life Stress from something like a poor sleep position, secondhand smoke, or a respiratory infection Remember, none of these by itself is enough to cause SIDS. Doctors aren't sure why.
system: What's the safest way to let my baby sleep to prevent sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
output: When this happens to an infant under the age of 1, doctors refer to it as sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Because it often happens when a baby is asleep, you might also hear it called crib death or cot death. There are a few easy things you can do to prevent SIDS and keep your little one safe: Put your baby on her back to sleep. Once she can roll over on her own, it's safe for her to sleep on her tummy. Until then, remember this phrase: âback to sleep.â It'll help keep your baby's odds of having SIDS much lower. Choose a firm, flat surface for her bed. Use tight-fitting sheets. Keep pillows, blankets, and other objects out of her sleep area until she's at least 1. You can swaddle her for warmth, but only until she learns how to roll over.
system: How does family history affect the chances of getting sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
output: When this happens to an infant under the age of 1, doctors refer to it as sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Because it often happens when a baby is asleep, you might also hear it called crib death or cot death. It's more likely to happen to a baby whose mother: Is younger than 20 Doesn't get good prenatal care Smokes, uses drugs, or drinks alcohol while pregnant or during baby's first year Yes.
system: How does birth weight affect the chances of getting sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
output: When this happens to an infant under the age of 1, doctors refer to it as sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Because it often happens when a baby is asleep, you might also hear it called crib death or cot death. It's more likely in preemies, especially those born very small, than full-term babies.
system: How does race affect the chances of getting sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
output: When this happens to an infant under the age of 1, doctors refer to it as sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Because it often happens when a baby is asleep, you might also hear it called crib death or cot death. It happens most often among African- Americans, Native Americans, and Alaska natives. Doctors aren't sure why.
system: At what age is a baby most likely to die of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)?
output: When this happens to an infant under the age of 1, doctors refer to it as sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS. Because it often happens when a baby is asleep, you might also hear it called crib death or cot death. It's most common for babies between 1 and 4 months. But it can happen at any time during the first year of life.
system: How can hot and cold packs be used for pain relief and soreness?
output: Cold numbs sore areas. Cold may reduce inflammation by constricting blood flow to the injured area. You can also use items already in your home such as: Zippable plastic freezer or storage bags filled with ice and water A wash cloth or hand towel dipped into cold water and ice A bag of frozen vegetables, such as peas or corn Heat packs relax your muscles. Heat dilates blood vessels, sending more oxygen and blood to the area. Heat also decreases the sensation of pain.
system: What are topical painkillers?
output: When your joints are painful or your muscles ache, topical pain killers -- those you apply to your skin -- may offer relief. Although are all designed to relieve pain, different products use different ingredients.
system: What things do I need to keep at home after a brow lift?
output: Also make sure you have the following on hand: Plenty of ice Container to use for ice or cold water Plastic freezer bags to hold the ice, or bags of frozen corn or peas to use in place of ice Pillows (you'll have to keep your head elevated for a period of time) Ointment for the incision area (which your surgeon can recommend or prescribe, if necessary) You can have the brow lift done at your surgeon's office, in a hospital, or in an outpatient surgery facility.
system: What complications should I call a doctor about after a brow lift?
output: You have: Fever that climbs over 100 degrees Fahrenheit Excessive swelling or bleeding.
system: Where should I get a brow lift and how long it will take?
output: Also make sure you have the following on hand: Plenty of ice Container to use for ice or cold water Plastic freezer bags to hold the ice, or bags of frozen corn or peas to use in place of ice Pillows (you'll have to keep your head elevated for a period of time) Ointment for the incision area (which your surgeon can recommend or prescribe, if necessary) You can have the brow lift done at your surgeon's office, in a hospital, or in an outpatient surgery facility. The surgery should take less than two hours, and you will not normally need to stay overnight. You will, though, need to bring someone along who can drive you home and, if you live alone, stay with you the first night or two.
system: What does a forehead lift do?
output: Some people get one at the same time they get a face lift or cosmetic surgery on their nose. Your surgeon will evaluate your entire forehead region, including your upper eyelids, paying attention to the muscles.
system: How can multiple sclerosis flare-ups be treated?
output: Even so, let your doctor know what's going on. Treating symptoms can shorten your flare-ups and help you recover faster. The goal is to bring down the inflammation that caused your symptoms. Your doctor will likely prescribe a steroid drug. Steroids curb inflammation and can help you get over a relapse faster. If you had a lot of nerve damage, some symptoms might not fully go away.
system: How does relaxing prevent multiple sclerosis flare-ups?
output: Chill out with meditation, yoga, or anything else that's good for you and helps you unwind. Some people can't take steroids.
system: What is the Insanity workout program?
output: You exercise right at home, using your own body weight for resistance. The program is based on a fitness method called "max interval training." In traditional interval training, you exercise at a very intense pace for a short period of time, and then rest for longer periods in between. The idea is to increase your aerobic fitness level while burning fat. No.
system: Are biologics usually combined with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
output: You may hear your doctor call them by their full name -- disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs.
system: Are biologics used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?
output: If your disease is more severe, or if traditional DMARDs don't help, your doctor might have you try a type of DMARD called a biologic. These strong drugs target specific substances in your immune system that cause inflammation.
system: How do disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs help slow down the course of rheumatoid arthritis?
output: These drugs slow RA's course. You may hear your doctor call them by their full name -- disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. When you have rheumatoid arthritis, your immune system -- the body's defense against germs -- attacks healthy joints by mistake. DMARDs can help control this process. They won't give you immediate relief, but over time, they can ease your pain, swelling, stiffness, and fatigue.