laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: What are chalazia?
output: Chalazia, which look like styes but are infected oil glands, often disappear on their own too. But it could take a month or more for them to go away.
system: Do I need surgery if I have a stye?
output: Sometimes you need minor surgery to completely drain a stye. After applying a local anesthetic to numb your eyelid (that means you won't have to go to sleep), the doctor cuts it open and removes the gunk inside. Your eyelid should heal quickly.
system: How can I get rid of a chalazion?
output: Although a chalazion will sometimes clear up on its own, warm compresses may speed things along. Your doctor might give you a shot of anti-inflammatory medicine to help. He can also remove the chalazion through simple surgery. It should only require a local anesthetic. You might have to wear an eyelid bandage for up to 24 hours afterward.
system: What should I do if my stye comes back?
output: If it comes back, your doctor may give you an antibiotic cream or ointment to put on the spot. Or you might take antibiotic pills or have other treatments if there is an underlying condition such as blepharitis. Follow the instructions on whatever medicine he gives you.
system: How long should I keep a compress on my eye when treating a stye?
output: Keep your eye closed while you use the compress. When the stye comes to a head, keep using the compresses to put pressure on it until it ruptures. Don't squeeze it -- let it burst on its own. Some styes spread skin infections when they pop. If that happens, you'll have to take antibiotics.
system: How are chalazia treated?
output: Although a chalazion will sometimes clear up on its own, warm compresses may speed things along. Your doctor might give you a shot of anti-inflammatory medicine to help. He can also remove the chalazion through simple surgery. It should only require a local anesthetic. You might have to wear an eyelid bandage for up to 24 hours afterward.
system: What are styes?
output: But they're just a blocked oil gland on your eyelid and should go away on their own or with simple treatment in a few days.
system: Do you need surgery to treat a stye?
output: Sometimes you need minor surgery to completely drain a stye. After applying a local anesthetic to numb your eyelid (that means you won't have to go to sleep), the doctor cuts it open and removes the gunk inside. Your eyelid should heal quickly.
system: What medications are used to treat styes?
output: If it comes back, your doctor may give you an antibiotic cream or ointment to put on the spot. Or you might take antibiotic pills or have other treatments if there is an underlying condition such as blepharitis. Follow the instructions on whatever medicine he gives you.
system: How can you treat a stye?
output: After applying the compress, use your finger to press on the inflamed bump to try to unplug the oil gland. Doing this can ease your pain and inflammation and help the stye go away faster. Keep your eye closed while you use the compress. When the stye comes to a head, keep using the compresses to put pressure on it until it ruptures. Don't squeeze it -- let it burst on its own. Some styes spread skin infections when they pop. If that happens, you'll have to take antibiotics. You might have to wear an eyelid bandage for up to 24 hours afterward.
system: What are the symptoms of a toe infection?
output: You might have an infected toe if you notice: Redness Soreness or pain A pus-filled blister, or pus that drains from your toe Cracked, thickened, yellow toenails (from a fungal infection) Diabetes can prevent you from feeling that you might have an infection, so check your feet every day. Look for redness, swelling, pus, and other signs of infection.
system: How can you treat toe infections at home?
output: You can also try these remedies at home: Soak the toe for about 15 minutes in a bathtub or bucket filled with warm water and salt. Do this three to four times a day. Rub a medicated ointment on the toe and wrap it in a clean bandage. To treat an ingrown toenail, gently lift the corner of the nail. Place a small piece of cotton or waxed dental floss underneath to hold the nail away from your skin. You'll also want to protect your toe while it heals. To help it heal properly, wear loose, comfortable shoes that don't rub. Keep your foot dry, and change your socks every day.
system: When should you see a doctor about toe infections?
output: Make an appointment with your primary care doctor or a podiatrist (foot specialist) if the redness, swelling, and other symptoms don't go away with home treatment. See your doctor right away if: You have a fever or chills You notice red streaks on the skin leading away from the infected area Your joints or muscles hurt Your doctor will examine your toe.
system: How is a toe infection treated?
output: If bacteria caused the infection, an antibiotic cream or pill can clear up the problem. Fungal infections are treated with antifungal pills or cream. You can buy antifungal medicines over the counter or with a prescription from your doctor. To treat an ingrown toenail, your doctor might lift the nail and place a piece of cotton or a splint underneath it. This will help the nail grow away from your skin. If lifting doesn't work, the doctor can remove part or all of the affected nail. Sometimes the infection can cause a pus-filled blister to form. Your doctor might have to drain the blister.
system: What causes toe infections?
output: If your toe is infected, one of these things might be to blame: You cut the nail too short, or you cut the cuticle around the nail. You have an ingrown toenail (the side of your nail grows into the skin). You've picked up a fungus, which you can get if you walk barefoot in common areas like a gym shower or locker room. You have a callus -- thickened skin caused by rubbing (for example, when your toe rubs against your shoe). You put your feet in water a lot (for example, if you swim a lot).
system: When are you more likely to get toe infections?
output: Damage to your blood vessels from high blood sugar can make it harder for your body to fight off infections. And diabetic nerve damage can prevent you from feeling minor trauma that could lead to a toe infection. If you have a weakened immune system, you're also more likely to get toe infections. This includes people with HIV, or those who've had an organ transplant.
system: What should you know about toe infections?
output: If you have a weakened immune system, you're also more likely to get toe infections. You might need tests to find out what type of bacteria or fungus caused the infection.
system: What conditions can lead to a broken rib?
output: There are several ways your ribs could be broken: A traffic accident Getting punched in your rib cage Contact sports -- football, hockey, or soccer, for example Repeated movements, like swinging a golf club, rowing or swimming Coughing very hard again and again A fall onto a hard surface Getting CPR Some conditions can lead to a broken rib without your being hit very hard, including: Osteoporosis (thin, brittle bones, usually linked to aging) Cancerous lesions that weaken bones Sharp chest pain happens with a broken rib.
system: How is a broken rib diagnosed?
output: He'll ask you what happened and will touch the painful area. He'll want to listen to your lungs when you breathe and watch your rib cage as your chest goes up and down. If your doctor suspects a rib fracture, he will want to get images of your chest. If the broken rib is caused by blunt trauma or a serious accident, he will want to make sure there's is no other serious damage to internal organs. Your doctor might order one or more of these: X-ray. These catch 75% of all broken ribs. They can also show other problems, like a collapsed lung. CT scan. This type of image shows fractures that don't appear on X-rays. Your doctor will want you to get one if he thinks the X-ray missed something. It can also show damage to soft tissue and organs, like your lungs, liver, spleen or kidneys. MRI. Like a CT scan, these images can show fractures that X-rays miss. They can pinpoint damage to soft tissue and organs. Bone scan. If you have a stress fracture to a rib, or a history of prostate cancer, this may do a better job of showing where the damage is.
system: What are the consequences of a broken rib?
output: Many times, it's just a crack or hairline fracture, and the rib doesn't move out of place. But if more ribs are broken or if the fracture is from a serious injury, more problems are possible. A broken rib can have a jagged edge that juts into the chest cavity. There's a chance that it can harm one of your organs: If you break a rib toward the top of your rib cage, the sharp end of the bone could tear or puncture an important blood vessel. If you break a rib in the middle of your rib cage, the sharp end of bone could puncture a lung. If you break a rib toward the bottom of your rib cage, the sharp end of the bone could cause damage to your liver, kidney, or spleen.
system: What can cause a broken rib?
output: There are several ways your ribs could be broken: A traffic accident Getting punched in your rib cage Contact sports -- football, hockey, or soccer, for example Repeated movements, like swinging a golf club, rowing or swimming Coughing very hard again and again A fall onto a hard surface Getting CPR Some conditions can lead to a broken rib without your being hit very hard, including: Osteoporosis (thin, brittle bones, usually linked to aging) Cancerous lesions that weaken bones Sharp chest pain happens with a broken rib.
system: How is a broken rib treated?
output: Most broken ribs take about 6 weeks to heal. Take pain medicine like acetaminophen or ibuprofen. If you need something stronger, your doctor may prescribe something for you. Take deep breaths to avoid pneumonia. A lung infection is the most common thing you can get with rib fractures. Your doctor may give you a simple device to encourage you to breathe deeply. Don't wrap anything tightly around your ribs while they're healing. You don't want anything to limit your breathing. If you have a more serious injury, you may need additional treatment or possibly surgery. For example, if your lung has been punctured by the sharp end of one of your ribs, you may need to have a procedure done to remove air or blood from inside your chest. Some people whose ribs are badly injured might need to have them repaired with metal plates, but this is rare.
system: What should you know about a broken rib?
output: And if they're broken badly they can seriously damage internal organs. Your chest will hurt more when you take a deep breath. It can also show damage to soft tissue and organs, like your lungs, liver, spleen or kidneys. But if more ribs are broken or if the fracture is from a serious injury, more problems are possible.
system: How might sex be different after giving birth?
output: After pregnancy, some women notice a lack of vaginal lubrication during intercourse. A water-based lubricant may be used during intercourse to decrease the discomfort of vaginal dryness.
system: Will sex feel different during pregnancy?
output: As your pregnancy progresses, changing positions may become necessary for your comfort. After the fourth month of pregnancy a woman may notice feeling dizzy or nauseated while lying flat on her back. This is related to the weight of the growing uterus pressing on major blood vessels. Positions may need to be altered at this time. A water-based lubricant may be used during intercourse if necessary.
system: Why would your doctor recommend against sex when you're pregnant?
output: Your doctor may recommend not having intercourse early in pregnancy if you have a history of miscarriages. Intercourse also may be restricted if you have certain complications of pregnancy, such as pre-term labor or bleeding. You may need to ask your doctor to clarify if this means no penetration, no orgasms, or no sexual arousal, because different complications may require different restrictions.
system: When can I have sex after my baby is born?
output: In general, you can resume sexual activity between 4 and 6 weeks after delivery, but talk to your doctor. She may recommend that you wait until after your first postpartum appointment before having intercourse with your partner. That's typically at about 6 weeks.
system: Will my sexual desires change during pregnancy?
output: Changing hormones cause some women to experience an increased sex drive during pregnancy, while others may not be as interested in sex as they were before they became pregnant. During the first trimester, some women commonly lose interest in sex because they are tired and uncomfortable, while other women's sexual desires stay the same. If your doctor has limited your sexual activity, or if you are not in the mood for intercourse, remember to take time for intimacy with your partner.
system: Is painful sex during pregnancy normal?
output: During intercourse, you should not feel pain. During orgasm, your uterus will contract. If you have any contractions that are painful or regular, contact your doctor. Also, discontinue intercourse and call your doctor immediately if you have heavy vaginal bleeding (light spotting is normal) or if your water breaks (nothing should enter the vagina after your water breaks).
system: Can I have sex during pregnancy without harming the baby?
output: Intercourse or orgasm during pregnancy will not harm your baby, unless you have a medical problem. Remember that your baby is well protected in your uterus by the amniotic fluid that surrounds him or her. You may need to ask your doctor to clarify if this means no penetration, no orgasms, or no sexual arousal, because different complications may require different restrictions.
system: How can I stay intimate with my partner while I'm pregnant?
output: Remember that your baby is well protected in your uterus by the amniotic fluid that surrounds him or her. Your doctor may recommend not having intercourse early in pregnancy if you have a history of miscarriages. Also, encourage your partner to communicate with you, especially if you notice changes in your partner's responsiveness. If your doctor has limited your sexual activity, or if you are not in the mood for intercourse, remember to take time for intimacy with your partner. You can take long romantic walks, enjoy candle-lit dinners, or give each other back rubs.
system: How is bursitis diagnosed?
output: Your doctor will diagnose bursitis based on your symptoms and findings on a physical exam. Some diagnostic tests may be performed to rule out other causes of your pain. These include the following: An X-ray of the affected area to look for bony spurs (abnormal areas) or arthritis Aspiration, in which fluid is taken from the swollen bursa and evaluated under a microscope, to rule out gout or infection Blood tests to screen for conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or diabetes Magnetic resonance imaging test ( MRI), although this is rare Although bursitis generally disappears in a few days or weeks, the pain may be persistent. A corticosteroid may be injected into and around the inflamed bursae (the fluid-filled sacs that cushion joints affected by bursitis).
system: What viruses can cause orchitis?
output: The virus that causes mumps can cause orchitis, as well. Most common in young boys (rare in boys younger than 10 years), orchitis begins four to six days after mumps begins. A third of boys with mumps will develop orchitis and end up with a condition called testicular atrophy (shrinking of the testicles). That's why it is so critical for all children, boys especially, to have shots to protect them from getting the childhood disease of mumps.
system: What exams and tests are there for orchitis?
output: A urine sample might be taken to check for STDs and other bacteria that might be responsible for the infection.
system: What are symptoms of orchitis?
output: With orchitis, you may have a rapid onset of pain in one or both testicles that may spread to the groin. One or both of your testicles may appear tender, swollen, and red or purple. You might have a "heavy feeling" in the swollen testicle. You might see blood in your semen. Other symptoms include high fever, nausea, vomiting, pain with urination, or pain from straining with a bowel movement, groin pain, pain with intercourse, and simply feeling ill.
system: What are the lasting effects of orchitis?
output: For some of the men who have orchitis, the affected testicle will shrink and lose its function. The longer you delay getting treatment, the more likely the testicle will have long-term damage. Untreated orchitis can result in infertility, loss of one or both testicles, and severe illness or death.
system: What is follow-up care for orchitis?
output: Go to a hospital's emergency department if you are unable to contact or see your doctor promptly, or if symptoms worsen despite antibiotic treatment. Your health care provider may perform a series of diagnostic tests.
system: When should you call a doctor about orchitis?
output: Most cases of orchitis caused by bacteria require antibiotics right away. If you suspect that you have the disease, or notice redness, swelling, pain, or inflammation of the scrotum or testicle, call your health care provider immediately. Do not delay medical care. Go to a hospital's emergency department if you are unable to contact or see your doctor promptly, or if symptoms worsen despite antibiotic treatment.
system: What are home remedies for orchitis?
output: Over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs ( NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen ( Advil or Motrin, for example), naproxen ( Aleve, Naprosyn), or acetaminophen ( Tylenol) may help with pain. The ice packs may be applied for 15-20 minutes at a time, several times a day for the first day or two. This will help keep down the swelling (and pain).
system: What are medical treatments for orchitis?
output: Most men can be treated with antibiotics at home for a minimum of 10 days. Mumps orchitis will clear up over one to three weeks. Young, sexually active men need to make sure all of their sexual partners are treated. You should use condoms or do not have sexual relations until all partners have completed their full course of antibiotics and are symptom-free.
system: How can you prevent orchitis?
output: Bacteria that cause sexually transmitted diseases ( STD), such as gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis, can cause orchitis in sexually active men, usually aged 19-35 years. Men older than age 50 should have their prostates examined during their yearly physical exams.
system: What can I expect right before and during my surgical ablation?
output: At the hospital, your nurse may test your blood or urine, or perform a chest X-ray to make sure you don't have any infections or problems that may hurt your surgery's success. You may be given a drug to help you relax before the surgery. Electrocardiogram ( EKG) electrodes will be attached to your chest and back to keep track of your heartbeat. You will receive anesthesia to put you to sleep during the surgery. After you are put to sleep, your doctor will connect you to a respirator that has a tube that goes down your throat. This will help you breathe during the operation. You may have a tube inserted into your throat to help collect fluid or air in your stomach during the operation. You may also have a catheter inserted in your bladder to collect urine during the operation. Your surgeon will cut into your chest during your operation, and he or she will insert instruments to make the small interior cuts or make lesions on your heart tissue. Depending on the type of maze procedure you have, your surgeon may use tiny video cameras or robotic arms to help perform the operation.
system: What happens after my surgical ablation?
output: After, you may need to stay up to 5 days in a regular hospital room. There the staff will monitor your heartbeat and recovery. After surgery, you may take diuretic drugs. They help control fluid in your body after the surgery. You may also take blood thinners or aspirin to prevent clots. Open-heart surgery will take the longest to recover from. It can take many weeks to heal. If you have a minimally invasive surgical ablation, you may have a quicker recovery than with open-heart surgery. You should be able to leave the hospital in 2 to 4 days. You can go back to normal activity after a few weeks. For about a month after whichever surgery you have, don't take very hot showers. Avoid soaking in a bath or whirlpool tub. Your surgical wounds may itch or feel numb or tight. You may have chest discomfort for a few weeks as your body heals. If you notice signs of infection around your wounds, such as redness, fever, swelling, or heat, call your doctor. It may take a few months for your heartbeat to be normal again after your surgical ablation. Your doctor will monitor your heartbeat to check how you're doing.
system: What happens during surgical ablation?
output: Once inside she will go into your heart and make small cuts in the tissue. Scars will form. They make a path for electricity in your heart to follow. Your heartbeat will become normal in time.
system: How should I prepare for my surgical ablation?
output: Don't smoke for at least 2 weeks before your heart surgery. It may cause problems with your breathing or blood clotting during or after your procedure. The night before your surgery, bathe or shower. Don't eat after midnight the day before your surgery. Food or drinks in your stomach may cause you to have problems with your anesthesia. It can cause you to vomit and breathe it in.
system: What is surgical ablation?
output: Most people who have AFib will not need surgical ablation. This is the most common type of surgical ablation. It may take a few months for your heartbeat to be normal again after your surgical ablation.
system: What are questions to ask your doctor about B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
output: When your child is diagnosed with any kind of cancer, you're bound to have a lot of questions for your doctor, such as: What treatments will work best for my child's ALL? How long will it last? What are the chances that it will cure my child? What side effects might it cause? How long will these side effects last? What should I tell my child about the cancer and its treatment?
system: What is CAR T-cell therapy for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
output: CAR T-cell therapy uses some of your own immune cells, known as T cells, to treat your cancer. Doctors take the cells out of your blood and change them by adding new genes. The new T cells can work better to find and kill cancer cells.
system: What should you expect after treatment for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
output: After being cured, your child will still need to see the doctor often, to make sure the cancer doesn't come back. The doctor will also check for problems ALL treatments can cause, including damage to the heart and other types of cancers. Over time, your child will visit the doctor less often.
system: What are symptoms of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
output: Children with B-cell ALL may: Bleed or bruise more easily than usual Feel very tired Get infections more often Lose their appetite Other symptoms include: Bone or joint pain Limping Fever Pale skin Red or purple spots called petechiae on the skin Swollen lymph nodes in the neck, underarms, or groin If the cancer cells travel to your child's liver and spleen, these organs can grow large enough to make the belly swell. In some boys, the testicles can also grow larger.
system: What is B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
output: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( ALL) is the most common type of cancer in children. It affects certain cells in the immune system, called B cells and T cells. ALL usually affects B cells in children.
system: What causes B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia?
output: Most of the time, doctors don't know what causes B-cell ALL in children. Some things make this disease more likely, including exposure to high doses of X-rays and other forms of radiation, or cancer treatment with chemotherapy. Children with certain genetic diseases, such as Down syndrome, are also more likely to get ALL.