laomobai/llama3-1 huggingface dataset:
system: Is there a set dosage for probiotics?
output: Because there are so many different probiotic organisms, there is no set dosage. Ask your health care provider for advice. Some probiotics are dosed by the number of live organisms they contain. For instance, a typical dosage of Lactobacillus acidophilus ranges between 1 billion to 10 billion live organisms split into three or four doses. Dosage may also be indicated as colony forming units ( CFU).
system: How many probiotics should I take?
output: Because there are so many different probiotic organisms, there is no set dosage. Ask your health care provider for advice. Some probiotics are dosed by the number of live organisms they contain. For instance, a typical dosage of Lactobacillus acidophilus ranges between 1 billion to 10 billion live organisms split into three or four doses. Dosage may also be indicated as colony forming units ( CFU).
system: How can probiotics prevent disease?
output: They may also be used with antibiotics to help prevent diarrhea that may come with taking antibiotics. In addition, researchers are studying probiotics to determine if they may help certain types of stomach ulcers (those caused by H. pylori), infections (including urinary tract, vaginal, GI, sinus, and respiratory), dental disease, allergies, and diseases of the liver. However, more research is needed to determine if probiotics are safe and effective for these conditions.
system: What kinds of probiotics exist?
output: There are many types of probiotics. They include lactobacilli (like Lactobacillus acidophilusand Lactobacillus GG), bifidobacteria (like Bifidobacterium bifidus) and some yeasts (like Saccharomyces boulardii). Different probiotics have different effects. So while one may help treat diarrhea or a vaginal infection, another may have no effect. Before you start taking a probiotic supplement, talk to your health care provider to make sure that you get the treatment most likely to help.
system: How do probiotics differ from prebiotics?
output: Probiotics are different from prebiotics. Prebiotics are non-digestible ingredients in foods that are used to spur the growth of probiotic bacteria in the body by providing a suitable environment in which the probiotics themselves can flourish. Synbiotics are combinations of prebiotics with probiotics.
system: Why do people take probiotics?
output: Probiotics work by balancing the levels of microorganisms in the intestines. They drive down the numbers of harmful bacteria. They also seem to boost the body's immune system. Although research is ongoing, there's good evidence that some probiotics may be helpful in treating irritable bowel syndrome, some types of diarrhea, colitis (particularly ulcerative colitis and and a complication of surgery for ulcerative colitis called pouchitis), acne, and eczema in children. They may also be used with antibiotics to help prevent diarrhea that may come with taking antibiotics.
system: What interactions can occur when ingesting probiotics?
output: Before you start taking a probiotic supplement, talk to your health care provider to make sure that you get the treatment most likely to help. They could interact with medicines such as antibiotics or immunosuppressive drugs.
system: How does bronchial artery embolization help treat coughing up blood (hemoptysis)?
output: A doctor advances a catheter through the leg into an artery supplying blood to the lungs. By injecting dye and viewing the arteries on a video screen, the doctor identifies the source of bleeding. That artery is then blocked, using metal coils or another substance. Bleeding usually stops, and other arteries compensate for the newly blocked artery.
system: How does yellow fever spread?
output: Yellow fever is typically spread to humans from bites by infected mosquitoes. People cannot spread yellow fever among themselves through casual contact, although the infection can be transmitted directly into the blood through contaminated needles. A few different species of mosquitoes transmit the yellow fever virus; some breed in urban areas, others in jungles. Mosquitoes that breed in the jungle also transmit yelllow fever to monkeys, who, in addition to humans, are a host for the disease.
system: How high is the risk of yellow fever?
output: The CDC has identified 44 counties with a risk of yellow fever transmission, many of them with tropical climates. While the actual number of yellow fever cases among U. S. and European travelers to these at-risk countries is low, vaccination is advised for most international travelers to these countries, because yellow fever has no cure and can be deadly.
system: What are symptoms of yellow fever?
output: Yellow fever gets its name from two of its most obvious symptoms: fever and yellowing of the skin. The yellowing occurs because the disease causes liver damage, hepatitis. For some people, yellow fever has no initial symptoms, while for others, the first symptoms appear from three to six days after exposure to the virus from a mosquito bite.
system: How is yellow fever treated?
output: Because there is no cure for the viral infection itself, medical treatment of yellow fever focuses on easing symptoms such as fever, muscle pain, and dehydration. Because of the risk of internal bleeding, avoid aspirin and other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs if you suspect you have yellow fever. Hospitalization is often needed.
system: Who should not be vaccinated for yellow fever?
output: While the actual number of yellow fever cases among U. S. and European travelers to these at-risk countries is low, vaccination is advised for most international travelers to these countries, because yellow fever has no cure and can be deadly. The vaccine can cause serious adverse effects in certain people. Efforts are under way to develop a killed vaccine that will be safer. Talk with your doctor before getting the vaccine if you: Have a compromised immune system, such as from HIV Have cancer or thymus gland problems Have had treatment that can disrupt the immune system, such as steroids or cancer treatment Have had a life-threatening allergic reaction to eggs, chicken, gelatin, or past yellow fever vaccine Are pregnant or breastfeeding Are age 65 or older Your child is younger than 9 months old.
system: What should I tell my friends if I have psoriasis?
output: Since most people know very little about psoriasis, it's important to help your friends learn about it and its treatment. Reassure your friends that they can't catch psoriasis from you. Explain that unlike many diseases, there's no cure. It's a condition you'll need to manage for the rest of your life. If you're trying a new treatment, tell your close friends how it works and what the side effects might be. Ask for practical help if you need it.
system: What can I do if I'm having trouble handling the effects of psoriasis?
output: They may be able to refer you to a psychologist or counselor who can help. If you're having serious side effects from treatment, let your doctor know right away. Treatments can cause depression, fatigue, skin sensitivity, joint pain, and other things. Your doctor may suggest ways to ease those problems.
system: How can I find a support group if I have psoriasis?
output: They understand what you're going through and can offer personal suggestions. To find a support group in your area, check with the National Psoriasis Foundation. It keeps a list of active chapters. The organization also offers mentoring to connect newly diagnosed people with volunteers who know about the condition. Events such as walkathons and benefits organized by the National Psoriasis Foundation or local groups in your area can help, too.
system: How should I prepare for psoriasis treatment?
output: While you're getting treated for psoriasis, make sure you find a way to manage the stress and emotions that may tag along. Reach out to family, friends, and support groups to get the backing you need.
system: How will hydrocelectomy treat hydrocele in baby boys?
output: The doctor can remove a hydrocele in a brief operation called a hydrocelectomy. Your baby will get medicine to numb his body or to put him under completely. Then, a surgeon makes a cut in his scrotum or lower belly. The surgeon then drains the fluid and sews the sac closed. Once it's finished, your son can go home the same day. In the days after surgery, you'll need to keep the area clean and dry. The doctor and her team will show you how to care for your son as he heals. After a few days, you may need to take him back to the doctor to make sure he's healing well.
system: What are the types of hydrocele in baby boys?
output: There are two types: Noncommunicating hydrocele happens when the sac closes like normal, but the boy's body doesn't absorb the fluid inside it. Communicating hydrocele happens when the sac doesn't seal. With this type, his scrotum may swell more over time. Babies born prematurely are more likely to have a hydrocele.
system: How do I get a diagnosis for hydrocele in baby boys?
output: She'll check his scrotum for fluid and tenderness, and she'll shine a light through it to see if there's fluid around his testicle. She'll also check to make sure your baby doesn't have a hernia. Your son may also have a blood test and an ultrasound to make sure nothing else is causing the swelling. After a few days, you may need to take him back to the doctor to make sure he's healing well.
system: What are the symptoms of hydrocele in baby boys?
output: A hydrocele is a swelling in a boy's scrotum, the thin sac that holds his testicles. Communicating hydrocele happens when the sac doesn't seal. Even if he's not in pain, you should see the pediatrician to make sure he doesn't have other health problems that are causing the swelling, such as an infection, a tumor, or a hernia. The swelling from a noncommunicating hydrocele doesn't change in size. A communicating hydrocele can get bigger during the day, and if you gently squeeze it, the fluid will move out of the scrotum and into his belly.
system: What is hydrocele in baby boys?
output: The condition is most common in newborns, though older boys and men can get it, too. It may sound or look serious, even painful, but don't worry, it won't hurt your baby. It might even go away on its own, though you should still see the doctor about it. There are two types: Noncommunicating hydrocele happens when the sac closes like normal, but the boy's body doesn't absorb the fluid inside it. The only symptom you'll notice is that one or both of your son's testicles look swollen.
system: How do I treat hydrocele in baby boys?
output: It might even go away on its own, though you should still see the doctor about it. If it doesn't, or if it gets bigger, his doctor will refer him to a specialist called a urologist. If your son has a communicating hydrocele, the pediatrician will usually recommend surgery without waiting for it to go away.
system: How can skipping your medication affect your blood pressure?
output: For some people, lifestyle changes are enough to get and keep blood pressure under control. But many people need medication, too. It's important to take it exactly as your doctor prescribes. That means not cutting doses or skipping days. If you have trouble remembering, get help with electronic reminders or daily pillboxes.
system: What should you eat to help lower your blood pressure?
output: The experts recommend you: Skip foods high in total and saturated fat. Load up on fruits and vegetables in as many colors as possible. Go heavy on whole grains, and stay away from processed foods, especially ones high in carbohydrates, sugar, fat, and salt. Control how much alcohol you drink. While small amounts may lower your blood pressure, large amounts can have the opposite effect. Have no more than one drink a day if you're a woman; two or less if you're a man. Go easy on the caffeine. It can raise your blood pressure. These are the basic rules of a program called DASH ( Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension). It's considered by many to be the best diet when it comes to managing and lowering blood pressure.
system: How can relaxing help to lower your blood pressure?
output: Lowering your stress helps keep your blood pressure normal. Try mind-body exercises like yoga and tai chi. Listen to calming music, or make music. One study found that playing music had benefits that were similar to physical activity. Sitting in the sun can boost feel-good chemicals called endorphins and lower your blood pressure. And don't forget about your support network. Rely on friends and family to lighten your mood. Meditation can also help with stress.
system: How can losing weight affect your blood pressure?
output: If you're overweight, losing as little as 10 pounds can lower your blood pressure. It will also help with sleep apnea -- when your breathing briefly stops multiple times while you sleep. ( It can raise your blood pressure and make your heart beat irregularly.) Shed pounds slowly with a steady mix of healthy eating and exercise. Keeping tabs on the scale will help your blood pressure take care of itself. Check your readings regularly at home, and try to stay in your target range.
system: How can salt affect your blood pressure?
output: It's a prime offender in raising blood pressure. The American Heart Association recommends that people with hypertension keep it under 1,500 milligrams a day. Check your food labels to see how much you're getting. If you cut back gradually, you're less likely to notice the difference. One way to cut back is to prepare your food at home. 75% of your sodium intake comes from eating out and packaged foods. Use more spices for flavor instead of salt. Eating more potassium (found in foods like bananas, raisins, tuna, and milk) helps move sodium out of your body. A small effort can bring blood pressure down as much as 2 to 8 points.
system: What should you know about lowering your blood pressure?
output: ( It can raise your blood pressure and make your heart beat irregularly.) A small effort can bring blood pressure down as much as 2 to 8 points. It's important to take it exactly as your doctor prescribes.
system: What does the National Cancer Institute website provide regarding clinical trials?
output: National Cancer Institute This website lists thousands of cancer clinical trials, describes them, gives eligibility criteria, and explains what to do when you find one that you think may be right for you.
system: What does the Emerging Med's Cancer Clinical Trial Matching Service website provide regarding clinical trials?
output: Onco Link Cancer Clinical Trial Matching Service This website enables you to create a detailed profile to see if you match the eligibility requirements of more than 10,000 trials in the U. S. and Canada.
system: What are cancer clinical trials and what are they used for?
output: Through cancer clinical trials, researchers test the effects of new drugs on a group of volunteers with cancer. Following a strict protocol and using carefully controlled conditions, researchers evaluate the drugs under development and measure the ability of the new drug to treat cancer, its safety, and any possible side effects. These cancer treatments may be even more effective than the current cancer treatment.
system: How is oppositional defiant disorder similar to ADHD?
output: Kids who lose their temper a lot, refuse to follow rules, argue with adults, and say mean things to other people are often diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder, or ODD. It usually goes away within 3 years in about 60% of kids. But studies have shown that about 30% of children with ODD develop conduct disorder.
system: How is depression related to ADHD?
output: Depression. About 1 in 7 children with ADHD are also diagnosed with depression. Experts think it could be made worse by the stress from having ADHD. To complicate things even more, certain ADHD medications have side effects that can look like symptoms of depression, including changes in eating and sleeping habits.
system: How are anxiety disorders related to ADHD?
output: About one-fifth of kids with ADHD also have some type of anxiety disorder, including separation anxiety, social anxiety, or general anxiety. And children with ADHD are more likely than others to get anxiety. The type of medication they take for ADHD makes a big difference if they also have anxiety.
system: How do I treat sprains, finger dislocations or fractures?
output: Apply ice and elevate hand to reduce swelling. If a finger or part of a finger has been cut off, collect all parts and tissue and place in a plastic bag on ice for transport to the hospital with the person. See a health care provider immediately for a deep cut, puncture wound, animal bite, human bite, or a scrape that you cannot get clean or if the cut shows signs of infection.
system: When should I get medical attention for my hand injury?
output: The person is seriously injured. Injury includes amputation. Bone is protruding through skin. Bleeding cannot be stopped after several minutes of firm pressure. Blood spurts from the wound. The hand feels numb or cold.
system: How do pill organizers work?
output: They come with separate sections for days of the week and times of the day. This allows you to sort drugs according to exactly when you need to take them. Most medications can be stored in compartments with other drugs for short periods of time without interacting. But check with your doctor or pharmacist to make sure.
system: How can keeping a checklist help me take my medicine?
output: A written chart that shows which medications to take and when to take them is another good way to stay organized. You can find them online or make your own. Include the name of the medicine, the dose, when you take it, and what the pill looks like. Also mark any special instructions, such as whether it should be taken with food. Leave space to check off that you've taken each dose. Update your drug list as soon as you change prescriptions.
system: What are the different types of pill organizers?
output: Other variations on the theme: Try automatic pill dispensers that help you organize your pills. Or put medications in different colored bottles for separate times of day. You can also ask your pharmacy for pills that come in "multi-dose" packages. They group meds that need to be taken together into packets marked with the date and time. Make sure you don't order too many in advance, though, in case there's a change in your prescriptions.
system: What are some tips for taking medication after an organ transplant?
output: Taking medication is absolutely crucial to staying healthy. Here are some tips. When it comes to taking organ transplant drugs, strictly follow your health care provider's advice. Use weekly or daily pillboxes to set up doses beforehand, and keep track. Use alarm clocks, timers, or digital watches to help you remember doses. Ask your family members to help you stay on a medication schedule. Keep drugs away from children and pets. Store medication in a cool, dry place. Keep a list of all your drugs somewhere obvious. If you miss a dose, don't assume you can double up with your next one. Keep track of how much medicine you have left. Always call the pharmacy for refills early. If your doctor agrees, take medication with food to prevent gastrointestinal side effects. Set up doses so that they coincide with other daily activities, such as brushing your teeth, eating lunch, or going to bed. Never stop taking a medication without your health care provider's approval.
system: How do immunosuppressant drugs work?
output: Immunosuppressant drugs can block the effects of these natural defenses. They usually allow your body to live in relative harmony with a donor organ. The catch is that by blocking your defenses, you become more vulnerable to infections. It's the trade-off of getting a transplant. "
system: Are immunosuppressant drugs effective?
output: Immunosuppressant drugs can block the effects of these natural defenses. They usually allow your body to live in relative harmony with a donor organ. The catch is that by blocking your defenses, you become more vulnerable to infections. It's the trade-off of getting a transplant. "
system: How many medications are normal to have to take after an organ transplant?
output: Living with an organ transplant usually means taking a lot of medication, probably for the rest of your life. Most people take six to 12 different medications daily, Punch says.
system: What happens six months after an organ transplant?
output: Over the next six months to a year after an organ transplant, your health care team will probably reduce your medication. You'll settle into the "maintenance phase" on a lower dose. At this point, you can usually relax some of your safety measures. You won't be as susceptible to infection. But you should still take precautions. Wash your hands regularly and limit contact with people who are sick or recently vaccinated.
system: For how long do I need to take extra precautions against infection after an organ transplant?
output: Organ rejection is your own body's misguided attempt to protect you. Over the next six months to a year after an organ transplant, your health care team will probably reduce your medication. You'll settle into the "maintenance phase" on a lower dose. At this point, you can usually relax some of your safety measures. But you should still take precautions. Wash your hands regularly and limit contact with people who are sick or recently vaccinated. If you ever have an episode where your body rejects a donor organ (organ rejection), your doctor may need to change your medications or boost the dosage of immunosuppressant drugs. Since your immune system will be further suppressed, you'll need to take those extra precautions again. Your doctor may also occasionally need to change some of the medicines. New and more effective drugs may also come on the market that will replace old ones.
system: What are some tips for people with a complicated medication regimen?
output: Taking medication is absolutely crucial to staying healthy. Here are some tips. Use alarm clocks, timers, or digital watches to help you remember doses. Ask your family members to help you stay on a medication schedule. Keep drugs away from children and pets. Store medication in a cool, dry place. Keep a list of all your drugs somewhere obvious. If you miss a dose, don't assume you can double up with your next one. Keep track of how much medicine you have left. Always call the pharmacy for refills early. If your doctor agrees, take medication with food to prevent gastrointestinal side effects. Set up doses so that they coincide with other daily activities, such as brushing your teeth, eating lunch, or going to bed. Never stop taking a medication without your health care provider's approval.
system: Is it possible to balance rejection and infection after an organ transplant?
output: But you can't take so much that your risk of infection gets too high." No, you won't have to live in a sterile bubble to stay healthy. You won't be as susceptible to infection.
system: What should you do to avoid infection while in the phase of immunosuppression after an organ transplant?
output: They usually allow your body to live in relative harmony with a donor organ. You should: Wash your hands often. Avoid people who are sick. Stay out of crowded areas. Don't take care of pets. Pets carry germs, so limit your exposure to them. Don't garden. Clean them and put on a bandage. Practice very safe sex . It could be more. Use weekly or daily pillboxes to set up doses beforehand, and keep track.
system: How does our body treat transplanted organs?
output: Organ rejection is your own body's misguided attempt to protect you. That's why there's immunosuppression. Some may not work as well over time. It could be more. Always call the pharmacy for refills early.
system: What can happen if someone's body rejects a donor organ?
output: Organ rejection is your own body's misguided attempt to protect you. If you ever have an episode where your body rejects a donor organ (organ rejection), your doctor may need to change your medications or boost the dosage of immunosuppressant drugs. Since your immune system will be further suppressed, you'll need to take those extra precautions again.