page_title: Singanhoe
section_title: Background
hierarchical_section_title: Singanhoe / Background
caption_attribution_description: 한국어: 1931년 신간회 해소를 주장했던 책의 표지.
context_page_description: The Singanhoe or New Trunk Association was a Korean nationalist organization under Japanese colonial rule, founded on February 15, 1927, that unified Korean socialist and nationalist factions and maintained a unilateral independence movement until May 1931. Including both Korean and overseas branches, this organization was able to attract a total membership of between 30,000 – 40,000 people. While internal strife between leftist and rightist factions was a consistent obstacle, the Singanhoe actively pursued several goals:
  the abolishment of racial, political, and economic oppression
  the attainment of freedoms of speech, organization, association, and publishing
  the support of youth and women's equality movements
  the overturning of factionalism and clan nepotism
  the opposition to the East Asia Colonial Development Company
  the propagation of the economic frugality movement.
context_section_description: After the March 1st Movement, as the political awareness of the masses was greatly raised, the Korean nationalist movement of the 1920s developed rapidly and spread throughout Korea and beyond. This nationalistic consciousness was manifest in Manchuria through the armed struggle for independence, in areas under Chinese jurisdiction through the diplomatic efforts of the Provisional Government of the Republic of Korea, and within Korea through the efforts of the labor, farmer, and youth movements. In response, Imperial Japan used the deceptively labeled Cultural Rule developmental policy in an attempt to weaken and fragment the strength of this nationalist movement. 
  In particular, during this period, Imperial Japan shifted attention from the widely propagated Practical Skills Development Movement to the Autonomy Movement. Yi Kwangsu’s “The Administration of a Nation” outlined the general precepts of the Autonomy Movement (known in English scholarship as the Cultural Nationalist movement), which stressed the development of Korean infrastructure from within Japanese colonial rule, rather than pushing for immediate independence. Immediately after the Cultural Nationalist Movement was proposed, writers from the Choson ilbo, including Yi Sangchae, An Chaehong, and Chǒndoist scholar Kwǒn Tongjin championed an uncompromising united nationalist front while harshly criticizing the Cultural Nationalist Movement. On the other hand, others like Hǒ Hǒn and Hong Myǒnghui from the newly popularized socialist camps searched for a means of cooperation.
caption: 1931
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