page_title: Marienlyst Castle
section_title: Frederik V's pleasure palace
hierarchical_section_title: Marienlyst Castle / History / Frederik V's pleasure palace
caption_attribution_description: Garden plan from Moltke's transformation of Lundehaven into Marienlyst near Elsinore, Denmark. The garden was redesigned into a late-Baroque garden.
context_page_description: Marienlyst Castle, Danish Marienlyst Slot, is a palacial residence located in Helsingør, Denmark. It was named after King Frederik V of Denmark's second wife, Juliana Maria the queen consort of Denmark and Norway. The building formerly served as a royal pavilion of Kronborg Castle and was mostly used as a venue for pleasure and hunting. It was also used by the director-general of the Øresund Custom House, Colonel Adam Gottlob von Krogh and his wife Magdalene, between 1796 and 1847.
  Hans van Steenwinckel, the royal architect, designed and built the original pavilion and parterre garden in 1587, for King Frederick II of Denmark. The royal estate was then purchased in 1758 by Count Adam Gottlob Moltke, who completely changed the original pavilion and garden with the help of French architect Nicolas-Henri Jardin between 1759 and 1763. The additions led to its present-day architectural structure and façade. Jardin also redesigned the original parterre gardens, changing them to a larger, more modern garden à la française design, with symmetrical hedges, avenues, fountains and mirror ponds.
context_section_description: Lord Chamberlain, Count Adam Gottlob Moltke purchased Lundhave in 1758. It is believed he acted on Frederik V's behalf as the deed was issued to the king in 1760 and kept secret until his death in 1766. During these years, Count Moltke completely changed Frederik II's pavilion with the help of French architect Nicolas-Henri Jardin, whose additions led to its present-day architectural structure and façade.
  Jardin's initial instructions were to preserve the original pavilion, but he decided to build extensions on either side of the original building, thus creating a palace. They would be of the same height and depth but pulled back a little so as to allow the original pavilion to stand out in relation to the additions.  The original lines were preserved and the entire building was brought together visually by a strong rotating main cornice, crowned by a balustrade around the flat roof. The building's exterior also had horizontal bands of polished stone, medallions, festive additions over the windows and arcades on the second floor, emphasizing the classical architecture that Jardin had introduced to Denmark. The interior decoration had a number of prestigious Louis XVI interiors created by artists such as painter Carl Gustaf Pilo, decorators Joseph Christian Lillie, Johan Edvard Mandelberg and sculptor Simon Carl Stanley. The parterre gardens were changed to a larger garden à la française design, with symmetrical hedging, avenues, boxwood hedges, fountains and mirror ponds.
  King Frederik V only had a few years to enjoy their work as he died in 1766 after which Queen Juliana Maria took possession of the castle. It was renamed Marienlyst (Mary's Delight) in her honor and in the 1790s she had a romantic garden laid out with winding paths, follies, including tumuli, hermit cottages and a medieval style Gothic tower. She would use the castle often until her death in 1796.
  During the transition period after her death, there was talk of Crown Prince Frederik taking up residence there but it was not to be. Instead, between 1796 and 1847, it became the residence of the director-general of Øresund Custom House, Colonel Adam Gottlob von Krogh and his wife Magdalene. He built a small thatched half-timbered house, and Krogh's garden in a little grove on the property in 1800. The building is no longer visible but parts of the small stone fence around the garden can still be seen. Close to the garden is Magdalene’s Hill where von Krogh set up a monument in the 1830s honoring his wife. He died in 1839, but his widow remained in residence until her death in 1847.
  In his 1824 book Denmark Delineated, Andreas Andersen Feldborg referred to the romantic gardens: Hamlet's garden is the favorite promenade of the inhabitants of Elsinore (Helsingør). It is generally filled with groups of elegant females and lovely children, whose manners and appearance bear pleasing testimony to the state of society in this part of his Danish Majesty's dominions.  Just two years later, a young Hans Christian Andersen also writes about Marienlyst, during a class outing whilst at grammar school in Helsingør. It is worth noting that his youthful excitement shows that he had yet to travel abroad very much: Yesterday I was with Meisling in Marienlyst; oh, it's one of the finest I've seen! Where sea and the whole countryside is lovely. Meisling says that the whole coast here is similar to that of Naples; the glorious hills are there in the garden, everything seems like Switzerland, and I felt so unspeakably happy, oh, one must become a poet or artist to see the beautiful nature. O Benefactor, Thanks! Thank you! for every happy moment! Life is Wonderful!
caption: Garden plan from 1759–60
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