page_title: José María Hinojosa Lasarte
section_title: Family and youth
hierarchical_section_title: José María Hinojosa Lasarte / Family and youth
caption_attribution_description: Laguna en Campillos
context_page_description: José María Hinojosa Lasarte was a Spanish writer and political militant. As a man of letters he is considered one of the first if not the very first and the only genuinely surrealist poet in Spain, counted also among members of Generation ‘27. As a politician he acted in ultra-conservative realm, holding Carlist jefatura in Málaga and building Andalusian structures of the Agrarian party. Following more than half a century of oblivion, his memory and especially the circumstances of his death became a counter-reference to these of Lorca and are subject to politically-charged discussions.
context_section_description: According to the family legend the forefathers of José María descended from Moctezuma; according to historical records the Carvajals were first noted in Málaga province in the 16th century, having founded the town of Campillos. Along the strictly male paternal line the Hinojosas, another local family, throughout the centuries as wealthy landholders ensured their dominant position in the county. The list of Campillos’ mayors reads like the Hinojosa genealogical tree; also José María's father Salvador Hinojosa Carvajal (1869-1936) and his uncle held the alcaldia post in the late Restoration period; Salvador, influential within the local conservative realm, served also as diputado provincial. In 1893 he married Asunción Lasarte Xuarez (1872-1932), descendant to another affluent landholder family from the nearby Estepa. The couple lived on family estates in Campillos and Alameda; they had 6 children, José María born as the second oldest son.
  Hinojosa and his siblings were brought up in luxury and under heavy religious influence, the latter mostly due to their mother. Certain scholars suggest that Asunción's strong Catholic conviction bordered on tyranny. From infancy, José María was described as serious, withdrawn, addicted to reading, and having a penchant for extravagance. In 1915 he entered the Colegio de San Fernando in Málaga and possibly also the Jesuit college of San Estanislao; he graduated in 1920. In 1921–1922 he attended preparatory law courses at the Universidad de Granada before moving to Madrid in 1923, where he enrolled at the Facultad de Derecho. After a 1925–1926 spell in Paris – either to improve his French or to prepare for diplomatic service – Hinojosa returned to Spain and completed his curriculum in 1926. He spent most of 1927 serving in the military as a soldier in the capital. He completed his service in 1928.
  The years of 1928–1930 were mostly bohemian in Málaga, combined with journeys across Andalusia and abroad. Apart from trips to France and England, Hinojosa visited Nordic countries and toured the USSR, perhaps the first of this sort permitted by the Soviet authorities. Partly living with his family, he also began to engage in the family business, which apart from landholdings also includes industrial exploration activities. Around that time, he fell in love with Ana Freüller Valls, an aristocrat, granddaughter to Juan Valera and a local aviation pioneer. Their relationship proved to be a complex and erratic one. Hinojoisa hoped for marriage and indeed Freüller later admitted that at one point they were about to marry; however, she also claimed that they were simply close friends. The affair went on until Hinojosa's death; he was never married and had no children.
caption: Campillos county
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