page_title: Giardino all'italiana
section_title: French garden
hierarchical_section_title: Giardino all'italiana / Influences on other gardening styles / French garden
caption_attribution_description: English: Versailles, the Chateau, exterior facade, views from southwest Deutsch: Das Schloss Versailles, Außenansicht, Blick von Südwesten
context_page_description: The giardino all'italiana or Italian garden is stylistically based on symmetry, axial geometry and on the principle of imposing order over nature. It influenced the history of gardening, especially French gardens and English gardens.
context_section_description: The form of the French garden was strongly influenced by the Italian gardens of the Renaissance, and was largely fixed by the middle of the 17th century. 
  Following his campaign in Italy in 1495, where he saw the gardens and castles of Naples, King Charles VIII brought Italian craftsmen and garden designers, such as Pacello da Mercogliano, from Naples and ordered the construction of Italian-style gardens at his residence at the Château d'Amboise.  His successor Henry II, who had also traveled to Italy and had met Leonardo da Vinci, had an Italian garden created nearby at the Château de Blois. Beginning in 1528, King Francis I of France created new gardens at the Palace of Fontainebleau, which featured fountains, parterres, a forest of pine trees brought from Provence and the first artificial grotto in France. The Château de Chenonceau had two gardens in the new style: one created for Diane de Poitiers in 1551, and a second for Catherine de Medici in 1560.
  In 1536 the architect Philibert de l'Orme, upon his return from Rome, created the gardens of the Château d'Anet following the Italian rules of proportion. The carefully prepared harmony of Anet, with its parterres and surfaces of water integrated with sections of greenery, became one of the earliest and most influential examples of the classic French garden.
caption: Gardens of the Palace of Versailles (Île-de-France). The geometrical patterns of these gardens were highly influenced by the Giardino all'italiana gardening techniques.
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