page_title: Health in Bangladesh
section_title: Tuberculosis
hierarchical_section_title: Health in Bangladesh / Health problems in Bangladesh / Communicable disease / Tuberculosis
caption_attribution_description: English: Total TB Patient In Bangladesh, 2017
context_page_description: Health levels remain relatively low in Bangladesh, although they have improved recently as poverty levels have decreased.
context_section_description: Background: Tuberculosis is one of the most dangerous chronic infectious diseases in Bangladesh. It is the major public health problem in of this country. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is commonly responsible organism of Tuberculosis. Its airborne disease spreads through the coughing of infected person. This disease is more prone to slum dwellers living in unhygienic condition. Tuberculosis mainly infects the lungs (Pulmonary Tuberculosis) with the symptoms of persistence cough, evening fever with sweating, chest pain, weakness, weight loss, hemoptysis etc. But it can also infect the other parts of the body (Extra Pulmonary Tuberculosis) like brain, kidneys and bones as well. In most of the cases patients infected with Tuberculosis have other concomitant infection. HIV is more common to them. 
     
  Present TB status of Bangladesh: According to WHO, 'Global TB Report 2017' total population was 165 million, Bangladesh is one of the world's 30 high TB burden country and near about 59170 people died due to Tuberculosis .Total estimated number of TB patient was 364000, among them male patient was recorded 236000 and female patient was 128000. In 2017 total case was notified 244201. Total new and relapse case was 242639. People are mainly suffering from pulmonary TB; it was 81% (197800 patients) of notified cases. Still now, HIV is considered as the most deadly infectious disease all over the world. It suppresses the immune system of the body. So any kind of infection can be incubated into the body, HIV infected person can be easily infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
  TB with HIV patient: Still now, HIV is considered as the most deadly infectious disease all over the world. It suppresses the immune system of the body. So any kind of infection can be incubated into the body, HIV infected person can be easily infected by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, it is HIV-TB co infection. In 2017, estimated number of the patient with HIV positive status tuberculosis was 540. Patient with HIV positive status (New and Relapse case) notified was 89, out of 540 HIV positive patients. Among 89 patient 84 patients took anti-retroviral therapy. 
  Drug Resistance: When micro-organism of TB causes resistance to Isoniazid or/and Rifampicin the most effective drugs of TB. If the organism causes resistance against both of 2 drugs then it is called Multi Drug resistance TB (MDR-TB). In 2017 estimated number of MDR was 8400, among them 5800 cases was notified and 944 patients were confirmed by laboratory test and 920 patients started immediate treatment. If any patient develops resistance against Isoniazid/ Rifampicin and one of the 2nd line antibiotic Fluoroquinolones (i.e, amikacin, kanamycin, or capreomycin), it’s called Extreme Drug Resistance tuberculosis (XDR-TB). In 2017, 6 patients were confirmed XDR-TB by laboratory diagnosis and all of them started treatment instantly. As 31 December 2017, countrywide a total 6420 MDR-TB patients were enrolled for treatment including 920. Among 920 patients, 425 patients were in 24 month regimen and 495 patients were 9 months regimen
  Bangladesh Combats with TB: Under Mycrobacterial Disease Control (MBDC) Unit of the Director-General Health Service (DGHS), National Tuberculosis Control Program (NTP) is working with a goal to eliminate Tuberculosis from Bangladesh. The NTP adopted DOTS (Directly Observed treatment Short Course) strategy during fourth Population and health Plan (1992-1998) and implemented it in field level in November 1993. This strategy reduced TB case significantly. The program achieved 70% new smear positive case reduction in 2006 and treated 85% of them since 2003. This program has successfully treated 95% of bacteriologically confirmed new pulmonary cases registered in 2016.
  Table-1: Bangladesh Indicator in Line with End TB Strategy
  In 2015 the TB case was noted 225/ per 100000 patient and Government of Bangladesh has taken the target of reduction of TB New cases 10/ per 100000 patients by 2035 that will be around 1650 cases.
caption: Total TB Patient In Bangladesh, 2017
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