page_title: Lausanne Landing, Pennsylvania
hierarchical_section_title: Lausanne Landing, Pennsylvania
caption_attribution_description: English: This is overview of the mountainous region dominated by Broad Mountain in Eastern Pennsylvania (Center of image, right bank of Lehigh River, below Weatherly, PA) illustrating its role historically as a barrier range limiting transportation corridors in the area; the heartland of the Southeastern Anthracite Coal Region. The regions along the lower edge of the Map (Tamaqua to Mauch Chunk) essentially established the Anthracite Industry in Pennsylvania when exploited by the Lehigh Coal &amp; Navigation Company between 1818-1964. Railroads south from Tamaqua followed the Schuylkill Canal example and connected the center of the Southern Coal Region with That company, having established the Lehigh Canal (right side of map, the length of the Lehigh River shown and beyond to the North past the Lehigh Gorge) had something to do with virtually all the railways shown on the map, and many of those now absent. The North edge of Broad Mountain saw the construction of the Beaver Meadows Railroad (1832) along the middle part of the Lehigh &amp; Susquehanna Turnpike (1804, 'Hudson Hunter Dr.', also now Pennsylvania Route 93) which allowed anthracite coal to be discovered and mined in the area, and mines opened from 1812, and which shipped by pack mules to smithies and foundries across the Susquehanna from Nescopeck, PA. West from the mouth of Quakake Creek the Quakake Railroad (1831) built west, as the Beaver Meadow Railroad (1833) built east to hook south at Penn Haven Junction and the deliver coal to the Lehigh Canal. This spur eventually became the Lehigh and Mahanoy Railroad division of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, as the Beaver Meadow became the Hazelton Branch of the LVRR. This commercial mining north of Broad Mountain was 6 years before Lehigh Coal Mine Company sold options to the Lehigh Coal &amp; Navigation Company to mining rights to their site at Summit Hill. By 1820, LC&amp;N Co.'s improvements allowed the first commercial shipment quantities that dwarfed pack mule capabilities when they shipped 365 tons in December of 1820, and increased that every year until 1855. Note the conspicuous absence of roads north-south on Broad Mountain. It is still an exemplar of a barrier range. This region is represented and well detailed in the USGS series topological maps grouped in Category:1893 maps of Pennsylvania.
context_page_description: Historic Lausanne, also often called Lausanne Landing of the 1790s–1820s was a small settlement at the mouth of Nesquehoning Creek on the Lehigh River in marshy delta-like flood plain. Some historic references will instead mention the 'Landing Tavern', and the reader must understand that Lausanne was a township organized in the wilderness with an almost unyielding terrain hostile to man, but along an ancient Amerindian Trail, the "Warriors' Path" the white man could not resist traveling since it connected the Susquehanna River settlements of the lower Wyoming Valley to those around Philadelphia. During the American Revolution, this route would become the rough 'Lausanne-Nescopeck Road', and after the turn of the century with a charter, be improved into the wagon road toll road the Lehigh and Susquehanna Turnpike. The fan-shaped plain provided some of the flattest landscape terrain in the entire area, so could also support a few small farm plots, boat building, and a lumbermill. With the widespread deforestation creating the nation's first energy crises, what it also did was attract attention of timber and lumber companies, for the Lehigh could support river arks.
context_section_description: Historic Lausanne, also often called Lausanne Landing of the 1790s–1820s was a small settlement at the mouth of Nesquehoning Creek on the Lehigh River in marshy delta-like flood plain.  Some historic references will instead mention the 'Landing Tavern', and the reader must understand that Lausanne was a township organized in the wilderness with an almost unyielding terrain hostile to man, but along an ancient Amerindian Trail, the "Warriors' Path" the white man could not resist traveling since it connected the Susquehanna River settlements of the lower Wyoming Valley to those around Philadelphia. During the American Revolution, this route would become the rough 'Lausanne-Nescopeck Road', and after the turn of the century with a charter (1804), be improved into the wagon road toll road the Lehigh and Susquehanna Turnpike. The fan-shaped plain provided some of the flattest landscape terrain in the entire area, so could also support a few small farm plots, boat building, and a lumbermill.  With the widespread deforestation creating the nation's first energy crises, what it also did was attract attention of timber and lumber companies, for the Lehigh could (at least, seasonally with preparation) support river arks.  The Nesquehoning Creek mouth issues behind a small river island and sits above the long curved lake-like upper pool of the Lehigh below the outlet of the gorge, and its delta's smoothly sloped sides made an attractive landing beach, giving name to the Inn.  With the popularity of the route and the roughness of the country, often called "The Switzerland of America" the location was a natural rest stop for the next leg to the north involved a steep climb and was over nine miles to the area of Beaver Meadows.  Hence early on it added 'Landing Tavern' to its nicknames. 
  At that time, all of Northampton north of the Blue Mountains was known as the Towamensing District, "Towamensing" being an Indian word for "wilderness".
  — Jack Sterling, Ancestry.com's: Carbon County Boroughs and Townships
  It was used initially by transient work crews timbering and building temporary river boats to haul cargo known as arks, a common solution to ship upstream resources out of the frontier.  As such early on it anchored a sawmill, tavern, crude housing, tool and work sheds, and in 1804–05, a toll house built for the Lehigh and Susquehanna turnpike, climbing the nearby ravine of Jean's Run as it began the sharp ascent up Broad Mountain to pass in succession along the banks of the Black Creek, Quakake Creek, Beaver Creek valleys in (the future) Carbon County, Pennsylvania then climb Hazel Creek into Luzerne County up to the flat area of the Mountain pass, a marshy saddle which would become Hazelton, PA near the 1780s settlement of St John's along the descent to Nescopeck on the Susquehanna – PA 93 follows much of the same road bed, save for starting at an elevated altitude from the nearby town of Nesquehoning, PA via a high level bridge.
  The Moravians had been following the "Warriors' Path" used by the Delawares and Senecas since 1742, when Count Nicholas Lewis von Zinzendorf, the missionary who founded Bethlehem, used the trail. The path widened as missionaries traveled through what is now Hazleton on their way to Berwick and the Wyoming Valley along the Susquehanna River.
  The first step toward developing a town came in 1804 when a private company built the Berwick Turnpike along the old Indian trail in an effort to open a way to the lumber lands along the upper reaches of the Susquehanna.
  — Carl Christopher, Carl Christopher, managing editor, retired. (1991). "Pages From the Past, the Standard-Speaker's 125th anniversary edition".
caption: The 1808 boundaries of Lausanne Township (Today's Lausanne Township is much smaller than its frontier days), situated as the northwestern corner region of Carbon County pretty much incorporated most of the terrain shown in this view
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