page_title: Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan)
section_title: Koxinga's conquering and the Dutch surrender
hierarchical_section_title: Fort Zeelandia (Taiwan) / History / Koxinga's conquering and the Dutch surrender
caption_attribution_description: English: Statue of Koxinga in Old Fort of Anping, Tainan, Taiwan Bân-lâm-gú: Tēnn Sîng-kong ê siōng, tī Tâi-uân Tâi-lâm An-pîng. Bân-lâm-gú: 的像，佇台灣台南安平。
context_page_description: Fort Zeelandia was a fortress built over ten years from 1624 to 1634 by the Dutch East India Company, in the town of Anping on the island of Formosa, the former name of Taiwan Island in Taiwan, during their 38-year rule over the western part of the island. The site had been renamed several times as Orange City, Anping City, and Taiwan City; the current name of the site in Chinese is 安平古堡.
  During the seventeenth century, when Europeans from many countries sailed to Asia to develop trade, Formosa became one of East Asia's most important transit sites, and Fort Zeelandia an international business center. As trade at the time depended on "military force to control the markets", the value of Formosa to the Dutch was mainly in its strategic position. "From Formosa the Spanish commerce between Manila and China, and the Portuguese commerce between Macau and Japan could by constant attacks be made so precarious that much of it would be thrown into the hands of the Dutch, while the latter's dealings with China and Japan would be subject to no interruptions."
context_section_description: On 30 April 1661, Ming dynasty-loyalist Koxinga laid siege to the fortress (defended by 2,000 Dutch soldiers) with 400 warships and 25,000 men. After nine months and the loss of 1,600 Dutch lives, the Dutch surrendered on 1 February 1662, when it became clear that no reinforcements were forthcoming from Batavia (present day Jakarta, Java, Indonesia) and when the defenders ran short of fresh water.
  Under the Koxinga-Dutch Treaty (1662) signed on 1 February between Koxinga and Frederick Coyett, the Dutch governor, the Dutch surrendered the Fortress and left all goods and VOC property behind. In return, all officials, soldiers and civilians were free to leave with their personal belongings and supplies.
  On 9 February, Coyett officially surrendered the fort and led the remaining Dutch forces and civilians back to Batavia by sea, ending 38 years of Dutch colonial rule. 
  After the siege, Koxinga took Antonius Hambroek's teenage daughter as a concubine. Other Dutch women were sold to Chinese soldiers to become their concubines.
caption: Bust of Koxinga in Fort Zeelandia Museum
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