page_title: Luis Hernando de Larramendi y Ruiz
section_title: Rising star (1912-1919)
hierarchical_section_title: Luis Hernando de Larramendi y Ruiz / Rising star (1912-1919)
caption_attribution_description: English: harangue of Luis Hernando de Larramendi Ruiz
context_page_description: Luis Hernando de Larramendi Ruiz was a Spanish Carlist politician and theorist. Though his term as a party jefe was rather short, he stands out as monumental figure in history of the 20th-century Carlism, remaining among its leaders for some 40 years and taking part in decision-making process from the mid-1910s until the mid-1950s. As author he is recognized for his 1937 work, El sistema tradicional, an orthodox lecture of Traditionalism.
context_section_description: In the 1910s Larramendi neared the socially-minded Carlists known as the "Zaragoza group" and composed of Pascual Comín, Salvador Minguijón, Severino Aznar and Inocencio Jiménez; they animated La Paz Social periodical and the likewise named booklet series that the first Larramendi's work formed part of. He co-operated with their Centro de Publicaciones Católicas, fascinated by French Catholic scholars grouped around Leon Garriguet. Though he eventually failed to translate Antonin Sertillanges, thanks to his work the Centro released the Spanish version of Albert Rougenant's A propos de la crise de l'Apprentissage (1911).
  Also in liaison with the Zaragoza group Larramendi published a series of booklets under the common title En la Avanzada. Crítica política. Cuestiones vascas. Cinematógrafo (1911) exploited the revolution v. counterrevolution antinomy; touching upon the Basque subject, it defended provincial fueros but lambasted separatists. Catecismo á los ateos. ¿Qué son las escuelas laicas? Romanones, ¡á la barra! (1913) re-prnted earlier pamphlets and went on with new onslaught on secular education, based on outdated illusions of Rousseau. Finally, ¡Viva el Rey! Psicología social y literaria (1914) tackled major issues like monarchy, strikes, self-government and labor organization, though it also discussed literature. Apart from publications he did not neglect attending public meetings, delivering addresses across Spain at gatherings flavored with Carlism or social-Catholicism.
  In the 1910s Carlism was increasingly paralyzed by internal crisis related to conflict between the claimant Don Jaime and the key party theorist, Juan Vázquez de Mella; both factions competed to control the Madrid-based semi-official Carlist daily, El Correo Español. Larramendi remained fully loyal to his king; moreover, as a lawyer he helped to transfer the newspaper ownership to marqués de Valldespina and to purge the editorial board from dissenters like Peñaflor. He confirmed his image of a loyal subject also during the 1914 elections. With propaganda campaign already in full swing, the party candidate in Vitoria, Esteban Bilbao, balked at the official plan and fielded his candidature in Durango; as emergency measure Larramendi was asked to replace him. It turned out he had little chance standing against the Conservative leader, Eduardo Dato, though following defeat he did not hesitate to appeal administrative pressure. 
  In the late 1910s Larramendi was already recognized as an important figure in the party, though he did not rise to executive structures either nationwide or on the regional Castilian basis and was rather considered a young man for the future. The setting changed dramatically when following the end of World War One the claimant was released from his confinement in Austria and early 1919 arrived in Paris to reclaim party leadership from the Mellistas. The conflict exploded in expulsion of de Mella and massive defections of his supporters, many of them occupying key positions in Carlist structures; command chain of the party was decimated. Political delegate of the king in Spain, marqués de Cerralbo, resigned; he was only provisionally replaced by Pascual Comín, who upon appointment declared he was not prepared to stay at the helm longer than provisionally.
caption: Larramendi speaking, 1912
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