page_title: Holly Springs Raid
section_title: Result
hierarchical_section_title: Holly Springs Raid / Result
caption_attribution_description: English: THIS IS A VIEW OF THE INDIAN MOUND WHERE UNION TROOPS WERE ENTRENCHED AND REPULSED A CONFEDERATE ATTACK BY GENERAL VAN DORN IN DECEMBER 1862 This is an image of a place or building that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in the United States of America. Its reference number is 73001002
context_page_description: The Holly Springs Raid saw Earl Van Dorn lead Confederate cavalry against a Union supply depot at Holly Springs, Mississippi during the American Civil War. The mounted raiders achieved complete surprise, capturing the Federal garrison and destroying $1.5 million of supplies intended for Ulysses S. Grant's army. In the following days, Van Dorn's troopers moved north along the Mississippi Central Railroad almost to Bolivar, Tennessee, destroying track and bridges, before escaping into northern Mississippi. The damage inflicted by the Holly Springs Raid together with the harm caused by Nathan Bedford Forrest's West Tennessee Raids forced Grant's Union army to withdraw to Memphis. Additionally, both Van Dorn and Forrest's raids, obstructed the full implementation of Grant's controversial General Order No. 11 for weeks, preventing many Jewish people from potential expulsion from Grant's military district.
context_section_description: As historian Shelby Foote described it, "Van Dorn having destroyed his supplies on hand and Forrest having made it impossible for him to bring up any more," Grant was compelled to retreat. Grant remarked that, "it could not be expected that men, with arms in their hands, would starve in the midst of plenty." In order to feed his soldiers, the Union general sent out escorted wagons to take food and forage from a swath 15 mi (24 km) wide on either side of the railroad line. Skeptical at first that this would bring in much food, Grant was astonished at the result. The wagons returned loaded with all kinds of food that had been seized from the local inhabitants. Grant found that his soldiers might have survived for two months on what was taken; he wrote, "This taught me a lesson."  
  With Grant's thrust defeated, Pemberton was free to send troops to block Sherman's river expedition. Sherman's troops went ashore on December 26. In the Battle of Chickasaw Bayou on December 29, Pemberton repulsed Sherman's soldiers rather handily, inflicting 1,700 casualties. McClernand finally caught up with his expedition after Sherman withdrew the troops to the west bank of the river. After the Holly Springs disaster, Murphy complained, "I have done all in my power - in truth, my force was inadequate." Grant dismissed the hapless Murphy from the army for cowardly and disgraceful conduct.
caption: Indian mound at Davis' Mills
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