page_title: Peranakans
section_title: Religion
hierarchical_section_title: Peranakans / Culture / Religion
caption_attribution_description: Bahasa Indonesia: Foto. Saat foto diambil, Kota Makassar memiliki lebih dari 15.000 warga Tionghoa, atau hampir 20 persen dari total penduduknya. Karena pertumbuhan yang kuat di Makassar antara tahun 1890 dan 1920 terutama disebabkan oleh pertumbuhan yang kuat dalam perdagangan, kehadiran komunitas Tionghoa yang besar dan berkembang tidak benar-benar mengejutkan. Banyak dari orang Tionghoa adalah imigran baru yang telah membawa agama mereka sendiri dan tetap setia. Jadi ada juga kuil-kuil Cina (Klenteng) di samping masjid dan gereja. Anak-anak lelaki Tionghoa dan perempuan pribumi, disebut Tionghoa Peranakan, sering merupakan Muslim. (P. Boomgaard, 2001). Lukisan di serambi Klenteng di Makassar. Nederlands: Foto. De stad Makassar telde ruim 15.000 Chinese inwoners, oftewel bijna 20 procent van de totale bevolking. Omdat de sterke groei van Makassar tussen 1890 en 1920 vooral veroorzaakt werd door de sterke groei van de handel, is de aanwezigheid van een grote en groeiende Chinese gemeenschap niet echt verbazingwekkend. Veel van die Chinezen waren recente immigranten die hun eigen religie hadden meegebracht en trouw waren gebleven. Dus moesten er naast moskees en kerken ook Chinese tempels (klenteng) zijn. Kinderen van Chinese mannen en inheemse vrouwen, peranakan Chinezen genoemd, werden niet zelden moslim. (P. Boomgaard, 2001). Schilderingen in het voorportaal van de Chinese tempel te Makassar.
context_page_description: The Peranakans are an ethnic group defined by their genealogical descent from the first waves of Hoklo settlers in the Malay Peninsula and Indonesian Archipelago. Peranakan culture, especially in the dominant Peranakan centres of Malacca, Singapore, Penang and Medan is characterized by its unique hybridization of ancient Chinese culture with the local cultures of the Nusantara region, the result of a centuries-long history of transculturation and interracial marriage.
  Immigrants from the southern provinces of China arrived in significant numbers in the Nusantara region between the 15th and 17th centuries, taking abode in the Malay Peninsula; the Indonesian Archipelago; and southern Thailand, primarily in Phuket and Ranong. Intermarriage between these Chinese settlers and their Malay, Thai, Javanese, or other predecessors in the region contributed to the emergence of a distinctive hybrid culture and ostensible phenotypic differences. The Peranakans are considered a mixed-race or multiracial community, with the caveat that individual family histories vary widely and likewise self-identification with multiracialism varies widely.
context_section_description: Most Peranakans generally subscribed to Chinese beliefs system such as Taoism, Confucianism and Han Buddhism, and Christianity nowadays. Just like the Chinese, the Peranakans also celebrate Lunar New Year, Lantern Festival and other Chinese festivals, while adopting the customs of the land they settled in, as well as those of their colonial rulers. There are traces of Portuguese, Dutch, British, Malay and Indonesian influences in Peranakan culture.
  Just like in any other cultures, the Peranakans still believe in pantang larang (meaning superstition) especially among the older generations. In some cases, quite a number the Peranakan's pantang larang are deemed too strict and complex. But today, most Peranakans no longer practice complex pantang larang to keep up with the modern times.
caption: A Chinese temple in Makassar, Dutch East Indies (present-day Indonesia) circa 1900–1920.
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