page_title: Kondo insulator
hierarchical_section_title: Kondo insulator
caption_attribution_description: English: Dispersion relation of Kondo insulator
context_page_description: In solid-state physics, Kondo insulators are understood as materials with strongly correlated electrons, that open up a narrow band gap at low temperatures with the chemical potential lying in the gap, whereas in heavy fermions the chemical potential is located in the conduction band. The band gap opens up at low temperatures due to hybridization of localized electrons with conduction electrons, a correlation effect known as the Kondo effect. As a consequence, a transition from metallic behavior to insulating behavior is seen in resistivity measurements. The band gap could be either direct or indirect. Most studied Kondo insulators are FeSi, Ce₃Bi₄Pt₃, SmB₆, YbB₁₂, and CeNiSn.
context_section_description: In solid-state physics, Kondo insulators (also referred as Kondo semiconductors and heavy fermion semiconductors) are understood as materials with strongly correlated electrons, that open up a narrow band gap (in the order of 10 meV) at low temperatures with the chemical potential lying in the gap, whereas in heavy fermions the chemical potential is located in the conduction band. The band gap opens up at low temperatures due to hybridization of localized electrons (mostly f-electrons) with conduction electrons, a correlation effect known as the Kondo effect. As a consequence, a transition from metallic behavior to insulating behavior is seen in resistivity measurements. The band gap could be either direct or indirect. Most studied Kondo insulators are FeSi, Ce₃Bi₄Pt₃, SmB₆, YbB₁₂, and CeNiSn.
caption: In case of Kondo insulators the Fermi level (chemical potential) is located in the hybridization gap.
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