page_title: Lukoil
section_title: Origins
hierarchical_section_title: Lukoil / History / Origins
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Президент ПАО "ЛУКОЙЛ" Вагит Юсуфович Алекперов
context_page_description: The PJSC Lukoil Oil Company is a Russian multinational energy corporation headquartered in Moscow, specializing in the business of extraction, production, transport, and sale of petroleum, natural gas, and petroleum products. It was formed in 1991 when three state-run, western Siberian companies named after the respective town in Khanty–Mansi Autonomous Okrug that each was based in, Langepasneftegaz, Urayneftegaz, and Kogalymneftegaz, merged. Its name is the combination of the acronym LUK and the English word "oil".
  Lukoil is the second largest company in Russia after Gazprom, and the largest non-state enterprise in the nation in terms of revenue. Internationally, it is one of the largest global producers of crude oil. In 2012, the company produced 89.856 million tons of oil per day. The company has operations and subsidiaries in more than 40 countries around the world.
context_section_description: "Langepas, Uray, and Kogalym" oil (Lukoil) was established by the USSR Council of Ministers Decree No. 18 on November 25, 1991 as a state-owned enterprise. In the new company, three oil production companies, Langepasneftegaz, Uraineftegaz, and Kogalymneftegaz, processing company Permnefteorgsintez, and the Volgograd and Novosibirsk refineries, were merged (the latter soon came under the control of the authorities of Bashkortostan).
  The central figure in the company's founding was the Soviet deputy minister of oil production Vagit Alekperov. He came to believe the only way Russians could compete against western companies was to copy their business model. That meant vertically integrating the three branches of the industry—exploration, refining, and distribution—that were strictly separate under the old Soviet system.
  On April 5, 1993, Lukoil transformed itself from a state-owned enterprise to a private open joint-stock company based on Presidential Decree No. 1403 of November 17, 1992. The Decree also applied to other state-owned oil companies as well.
caption: Vagit Alekperov, CEO and founder of Lukoil
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