page_title: Hobart
section_title: Antarctic gateway
hierarchical_section_title: Hobart / Economy / Antarctic gateway
caption_attribution_description: English: Bust of Roald Amundsen outside the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies building on Castray Esplanade, Hobart. Originally sculpted in plaster by Victor Lewis when Amundsen was in Seattle in 1921. Several casts were made for Einar Sverre Pedersen, who brought this one to Hobart in 1988. It was moved to the new IMAS building in 2014.
context_page_description: Hobart is the capital and most populous city of the Australian island state of Tasmania. Home to almost half of all Tasmanians, it is the least populated Australian state capital city, and second smallest if territories are taken into account, after Darwin, Northern Territory. Hobart is located in Tasmania's south-east on the estuary of the River Derwent, making it the most southern of Australia's capital cities. Its skyline is dominated by the 1,271-metre Mount Wellington, and its harbour forms the second-deepest natural port in the world, with much of the city's waterfront consisting of reclaimed land. The metropolitan area is often referred to as Greater Hobart, to differentiate it from the City of Hobart, one of the five local government areas that cover the city.
  Founded in 1804 as a British penal colony, Hobart is Australia's second oldest capital city after Sydney, New South Wales. Prior to British settlement, the Hobart area had been occupied for possibly as long as 35,000 years by the semi-nomadic Mouheneener tribe, a sub-group of the Nuennone, or South-East tribe.
context_section_description: Hobart is an Antarctic gateway city, with geographical proximity to East Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. Infrastructure is provided by the port of Hobart for scientific research and cruise ships, and Hobart International Airport supports an Antarctic Airlink to Wilkins Runway at Casey Station. Hobart is a logistics point for the French icebreaker L'Astrolabe.
  Hobart is the home port for the Australian and French Antarctic programs, and provides port services for other visiting Antarctic nations and Antarctic cruise ships. Antarctic and Southern Ocean expeditions are supported by a specialist cluster offering cold climate products, services and scientific expertise. The majority of these businesses and organisations are members of the Tasmanian polar network, supported in part by the Tasmanian State Government.
  Tasmania has a high concentration of Antarctic and Southern Ocean scientists. Hobart is home to the following Antarctic and Southern Ocean scientific institutions:
  Australian Antarctic Division
  Commission for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR)
  Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels (ACAP)
  The University of Tasmania (UTAS) – expertise in Antarctic and Southern Ocean science and research
  Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies (IMAS) (established by UTAS)
  Integrated Marine Observing System (IMOS)
  Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (ACE-CRC)
  International Antarctic Institute (IAI) (hosted by UTAS)
  Southern Ocean Observing System (hosted by UTAS/ IMAS)
  CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research
caption: Bust of Roald Amundsen at the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies. After completing the first expedition to the South Pole in 1911, Amundsen sailed to Hobart to announce his success.
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