page_title: Adam Poniński (1732–1798)
section_title: References
hierarchical_section_title: Adam Poniński (1732–1798) / References
caption_attribution_description: coat of arms of family Poniński
context_page_description: Adam Poniński, member of the Permanent Council, he is remembered as the infamous Marshal of the Sejm (together with Michał Hieronim Radziwiłł) of the Partition Sejm (1773–1775). Considered by many contemporaries and historians a traitor, serving Russian ambassadors, he was stripped of all titles and exiled by the decree of the Great Sejm in 1790 but restored soon afterwards by the Confederation of Targowica.
  His son, Adam Poniński, born in 1758, became a military general.
context_section_description: Jerzy Jan Lerski, Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki, Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966–1945, Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, ISBN 0-313-26007-9, Google Print, p.466
caption: Coat of arms of the Poniński family
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