page_title: Thracian warfare
section_title: Classical
hierarchical_section_title: Thracian warfare / Thracian troop types and organization / Infantry and Cavalry / Classical
caption_attribution_description: A beautiful Tracian type of helmet with unique decorations made from bronze and silver. Dated to the mid 4th century BC.
context_page_description: The history of Thracian warfare spans from the 10th century BC up to the 1st century AD in the region defined by Ancient Greek and Latin historians as Thrace. It concerns the armed conflicts of the Thracian tribes and their kingdoms in the Balkans. Apart from conflicts between Thracians and neighboring nations and tribes, numerous wars were recorded among Thracian tribes.
context_section_description: In the 4th century BC, both infantry and cavalry troops started wearing helmets (some of leather) and some peltasts are seen with greaves.
  Principal weapons in the 4th century BC (as well as earlier) were the spear and short knife.
  Armor, when it was available (for the nobility), was at first leather or bronze but iron armour started appearing in the 4th century BC.
  Thracian cavalry would wear leather armor or no armor and would be armed with javelins, a bow, or a spear. Only royal cavalry would wear armor. Oval shields and peltes (even by heavy cavalry) were later used. Thracian cavalry was numerous. It was also legendary for its combat power so that Philip of Macedon adopted its wedge-shaped formation for the Macedonian cavalry maneuvers.
  The helmet type used mostly was the Chalcidian type helmet (over 60 have been found) and, to a much lesser extent, the Corinthian type helmet (one has been found), Phrygian type helmet, Attic type helmet and Scythian type helmet (an open face helmet) with many hybrid types occurring. No Illyrian type helmet has been found in the east Balkans.
caption: Phrygian or Thracian type helmet. Unusual having a nasal in place of the usual peak.
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