page_title: Latin American economy
section_title: Manufacturing for a domestic market
hierarchical_section_title: Latin American economy / New Order emerging (1914–1945) / Manufacturing for a domestic market
caption_attribution_description: English: Cuauhtemoc Brewery in Monterrey, Mexico. This company was established in 1889. Today still working as Brewery and lodges two museums. Español: Cervecería Cuauhtémoc en Monterrey. Grabado de finales del siglo XIX. Esta compañía se fundó en 1889 y comenzó sus actividades en 1990. Hoy continúa trabajando como fábrica y alberga dos museos en sus instalaciones.
context_page_description: Latin America as a region has multiple nation-states, with varying levels of economic complexity. The Latin American economy is an export-based economy consisting of individual countries in the geographical regions of North America, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean. The socioeconomic patterns of what is now called Latin America were set in the colonial era when the region was controlled by the Spanish and Portuguese empires. Up until independence in the early nineteenth century, colonial Latin American regional economies thrived and worked things out. Many parts of the region had favorable factor endowments of deposits of precious metals, mainly silver, or tropical climatic conditions and locations near coasts that allowed for the development of cane sugar plantations. In the nineteenth century following independence, many economies of Latin America declined. In the late nineteenth century, much of Latin America was integrated into the world economy as an exporter of commodities.
context_section_description: Manufacturing for either a domestic or export market had not been a major feature of Latin American economies, but some steps had been taken in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, including in Argentina, often seen as the key example of an export-dependent economy, one based on beef, wool, and wheat exports to Britain. Argentina experienced growth of domestic industry in the period 1870–1930, which responded to domestic demand for goods generally not imported (beer, biscuits, cigarettes, glass, paper, shoes). Beer manufacturing was established in the late nineteenth century, mainly by German immigrants to Argentina, Chile, and Mexico. Improvements in beer production that kept the product stable for longer and the development of transportation networks meant that beer reached a mass market.
caption: Cervecería Cuauhtemoc, beer brewery in Mexico, 1890
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