page_title: Ecotage
section_title: Cases
hierarchical_section_title: Ecotage / Cases
caption_attribution_description: English: "Stop Urban Sprawl"; Earth Liberation Front targeting multi-million houses
context_page_description: Ecotage is sabotage carried out for ecological reasons.
context_section_description: All damage figures below are in United States dollars. Some well-known acts of ecotage have included:
  Circa 1969-1985; ecological activist James F. Phillips, operating covertly under the codename "The Fox", carried out a series of ecotage actions and subvertising campaigns against corporations that were polluting the Fox River in Illinois.
  1998 – Arson of buildings at Vail Mountain in the United States by the Earth Liberation Front (ELF).
  March 11, 1999 – Genetically engineered potatoes uprooted at Crop and Food research centre in New Zealand.
  December 25, 1999 – In Monmouth, Oregon, fire destroys the main office of the Boise Cascade logging company costing over $1 million ($1.5 million in 2019 dollars). ELF claim responsibility.
  2001 – Members of the ELF were prosecuted for setting off a firebomb that caused $7 million in damages ($11 million in 2019 dollars) at the University of Washington's Center for Urban Horticulture
  2003 – On August 1, a 206-unit condominium being built in San Diego, California was burnt down causing damage in excess of $20 million ($31 million in 2019 dollars). A 12-foot banner at the scene read "If you build it, we will burn it," signed, "The E.L.F.s are mad."
  2003 – On August 22, arsonists associated with the Earth Liberation Front attacked several car dealerships in east suburban Los Angeles, burning down a warehouse and vandalizing over 100 vehicles, most of them SUVs or Hummers (chosen for their notoriously poor fuel efficiency) and causing over $1 million in damage ($1.4 million in 2019 dollars).
caption: "Stop Urban Sprawl" was spray-painted on this multimillion-dollar house to protest the development. Mansions in the United States are a frequent target by the ELF.
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