page_title: List of Egyptian inventions and discoveries
section_title: Crafts
hierarchical_section_title: List of Egyptian inventions and discoveries / Ancient Egypt / Arts and Architecture / Crafts
caption_attribution_description: English: Winged scarab of Tutankhamun with semi-precious stones.This pectoral is composed of Tut's Prenomen name: "NebKheperU-Ra", the hieroglyphs of: Basket, Scarab-(in Plural-strokes), and Re. (The "James, 2000, Picture Book, Tutankhamun, describes this pectoral in the section of 'Necklaces and Pectorals', as: "Pectoral with Royal Prenomen and Lotus Fringe", p. 234.)(Two other hieroglyphs are on the pectoral, the en:Eye of Horus, and the en:Ankh.)
context_page_description: Egyptian inventions and discoveries are objects, processes or techniques which owe their existence either partially or entirely to an Egyptian person. Often, things which are discovered for the first time, are also called "inventions", and in many cases, there is no clear line between the two. Below is a list of such inventions.
context_section_description: Wood carving and Wooden statues – The extreme dryness of the climate of Egypt accounts for the existence of a number of woodcarvings from this remote period. Some wood panels from the tomb of Hosul Egypt, at Sakkarah are of the III. dynasty. The carving consists of Egyptian hieroglyphs and figures in low relief, and the style is extremely delicate and fine. A stool shown on one of the panels has the legs shaped like the fore and hind limbs of an animal, a form common in Egypt for thousands of years.
  Hollow Glass Production and Glassware – Egypt and Mesopotamia were the first civilizations to produce glass works(3,500 BC.). After 1,500 BC. Egyptian craftsmen started to make hollow glass pots.
  Egyptian faience
  Cosmetic palette
  Watercolor paper – Painting on Papyrus was invented in Ancient Egypt long before the invention of Paper.
  Blue dye and Synthetic dyes – In Egypt, blue was used for the eyebrows on the funeral mask of King Tutankhamun (1341–1323 BC). Importing lapis lazuli by caravan across the desert from Afghanistan to Egypt was very expensive. Beginning in about 2500 BC, the ancient Egyptians began to produce their own blue pigment known as Egyptian blue by grinding silica, lime, copper, and alkalai, and heating it to 800 or 900 °C (1,470 or 1,650 °F). This is considered the first synthetic pigment. Egyptian blue was used to paint wood, papyrus and canvas, and was used to colour a glaze to make faience beads, inlays, and pots. It was particularly used in funeral statuary and figurines and in tomb paintings.
  Pectoral – The pectorals of ancient Egypt were a form of jewelry, often represented as a brooch. These were mostly worn by richer people and the pharaoh.
caption: hieroglyphs: ankh, basket, Eye of Horus, Sun Disk-(Gard. N5)
exif: {"Image ImageDescription": "La tombe de Toutankhamon (1340-1331 AV. J.C.) a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9couverte par Howard Carter en novembre 1922.\n\nLe pharaon est mort \u00e0 19 ans, sa momie se trouvait dans un cercueil en or massif, plac\u00e9 \u00e0 l'int\u00e9rieur de 2 cercueils en bois. Ces 3 cercueils \u00e9taient dans un sarcophage de quartzite \u00e0 couvercle de granit rouge.\n\nAutour du sarcophage, s'embo\u00eetaient les unes dans les autres, 4 chapelles en bois dor\u00e9 qui occupaient enti\u00e8rement la salle du sarcophage.", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS Windows", "Image DateTime": "2007:11:04 23:04:20", "Image Artist": "Dalb\u00e9ra, Jean-Pierre", "Image Copyright": "\u00a9dalbera", "Image ExifOffset": "700", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "838", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "8820", "EXIF ColorSpace": "Uncalibrated", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "814", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "600"}