page_title: Rainy River (Minnesota–Ontario)
hierarchical_section_title: Rainy River (Minnesota–Ontario)
caption_attribution_description: Franklin, John. Route of the Expedition A. D. 1825, from Fort William to the Saskatchewan River [map]. Scale not given. In: John Franklin. Narrative of a Second Expedition to the Shores of the Polar Sea in the Years 1825, 1826, and 1827. London: John Murray, 1828. Surveyed by G. Back &amp; Mr. E. N. Kendall; The Astronomical Observations by Captn. Franklin &amp; Mr. Kendall. Shows the places where an Observation for Latitude was taken. The Coast Line of Lake Superior is taken from Captn. Bayfields Survey. The unshaded parts from Grand Portage to the North end of the Lake of the Woods, from the map of the British Commissioners for settling the Boundary line; those of Lake Winnipeg from Arrowsmith’s Map. Captain John Franklin’s two land expeditions to the Arctic traveled through the area which today is Manitoba, and added substantially to the scientific knowledge of both the northern and southern parts of the province. Progress of the expedition can be easily followed since all the camping places are marked. In 1825 Franklin’s party traveled via New York, the Great lakes, Lake of the Woods and the Winnipeg River to the Arctic. Detailed comments on the rocks observed appear on the map, including the identification of the limestone on the west side of Lake Winnipeg as “Mountain Limestone”. On these maps we see the first results of the application of scientific knowledge by experienced scientific observers to the recording of data on the West. The base maps were from Arrowsmith, but in turn Arrowsmith and other cartographers obtained important information from the Franklin’s Expeditions. (Warkentin and Ruggles. Historical Atlas of Manitoba. map 82, p. 206) Image Courtesy of University of Manitoba&#160;: Archives &amp; Special Collections
context_page_description: The Rainy River is a river, approximately 137 kilometres long, forming part of the Canada–United States border separating Northwestern Ontario and northern Minnesota.
  The river issues from the west side of Rainy Lake and flows generally west-northwest, between International Falls, Minnesota, and Fort Frances, Ontario, and between Baudette, Minnesota, and Rainy River, Ontario. The Couchiching First Nation is associated with this river, where it had traditional territory.
  The name of Koochiching County, Minnesota was derived from the Ojibwe term. Rainy Lake and the river were named by French colonists. These names were translated and adopted into English by British colonists. The town of Rainy River, Ontario was not developed until the late 19th century and not named until the early 20th century.
  The river enters the southern end of Lake of the Woods approximately 19 kilometres northwest of the towns of Baudette and Rainy River. A dam at International Falls generates hydroelectricity from the river. The drainage basin of the river stretches east to the height of land about 100 kilometres west of Lake Superior.
context_section_description: The Rainy River (French: Rivière à la Pluie; Ojibwe: Gojiji-ziibi) is a river, approximately 137 kilometres (85 mi) long, forming part of the Canada–United States border separating Northwestern Ontario and northern Minnesota.
  The river issues from the west side of Rainy Lake (French: lac à la Pluie; Ojibwe: Gojiji-zaaga'igan) and flows generally west-northwest, between International Falls, Minnesota, and Fort Frances, Ontario, and between Baudette, Minnesota, and Rainy River, Ontario. The Couchiching First Nation (the Ojibwe name spelled in transliterated form) is associated with this river, where it had traditional territory. 
  The name of Koochiching County, Minnesota was derived from the Ojibwe term. Rainy Lake and the river were named by French colonists. These names were translated and adopted into English by British colonists. The town of Rainy River, Ontario was not developed until the late 19th century and not named until the early 20th century.  
  The river enters the southern end of Lake of the Woods approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) northwest of the towns of Baudette and Rainy River. A dam at International Falls generates hydroelectricity from the river.   The drainage basin of the river stretches east to the height of land about 100 kilometres (62 mi) west of Lake Superior. It was the southeast corner of the huge tract of land granted in 1670 by the English Crown to the Hudson's Bay Company.  The river ultimately drains through the Winnipeg River, Lake Winnipeg, and the Nelson River into Hudson Bay.
  The Baudette-Rainy River International Bridge and the Fort Frances-International Falls International Bridge both cross the Rainy River.
  The Ontario and Rainy River Railway, opened in 1901 and now part of Canadian National, follows the river on the Canadian side.
  A white sucker weighing 6lb 8oz caught on the Rainy River near Loman, Minnesota stands as the IGFA all tackle world record.
  American author Tim O'Brien's novel The Things They Carried (1990), set during the Vietnam War, includes a chapter, "On the Rainy River," referring to this territory.
caption: A map of the river charted by an expedition in 1825.
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