page_title: Daniel Irujo Urra
section_title: Family and youth
hierarchical_section_title: Daniel Irujo Urra / Family and youth
caption_attribution_description: Euskara: Urduñako jesuiten ikastetxeko 1878-1879 ikasturteko ikasle eta irakasleak. Sabin Arana Goiri (1 zenbakia) agertzen delarik. Bizkaia, Euskal Herria. - College of Jesuits from Orduña, 1878-1879 classroom. Sabino Arana Goiri with number 1. Bizkaia, Basque Country.
context_page_description: Alejandro María Daniel Irujo Urra was a Spanish lawyer. In popular discourse he is known as father of Manuel Irujo Ollo, a Basque political leader. In scholarly historiographic realm he is acknowledged mostly as defense attorney of Sabino Arana during his trials of 1896 and 1902. Politically Irujo is considered a typical case of an identity located in-between Carlism and emerging Spain's peripheral nationalisms, in this case the Basque one.
context_section_description: Origins of the Irujo family are not clear; some claim they descended from a noble Urra family of Améscoa in Western Navarre. It is certain that in the mid-18th century one branch of the Irujos lived in Tafalla; Daniel's grandfather, Matías Irujo Pascual (1757-1832), apart from having been an alpargatero owned some 9 ha of vineyards and 12 ha of arable land; he was rich enough to build an own house in the city. Married he had 11 children, born between 1780 and 1803; all except one settled on the rural economy. It is not clear what language was spoken in the family; in the late 18th century Tafalla remained on the borderlines of Basque-speaking zone. The youngest son and Daniel's father, Manuel Irujo Apastegui (1803-1871), entered the Pamplona seminar but abandoned it and completed law in Zaragoza, where he initially practiced. During the First Carlist War he joined the legitimists holding some admin posts in Estella and suffered some repression afterwards, when back in Tafalla. This did not prevent his law practice and career in local administration, though he failed in a Cortes bid.
  In 1850 Manuel married Engracia Urra Jordan (1825-1885), daughter to an Estella official, whom he probably met during the war. The couple left Tafalla – according to some accounts due to an anti-Carlist backlash suffered – and moved to the bride's house in Estella. Engaged in local business, Manuel went on as lawyer. In the 1860s elected as mayor for procedural reasons he could not assume the post, yet in 1866 he was elected to Navarrese Diputación Provincial, due to poor health barely serving. Manuel and Engracia had 5 children, born between 1850 and 1862; Daniel was the only surviving son. It is not clear whether the family spoke Basque or Spanish; in Estella of the time only few spoke "en vasco".
  The young Alejandro María Daniel Irujo and his siblings were brought up in religious ambience. In the mid-1870s he was sent away from Estella, then a Carlist capital, to the Bétharram college near Pau. Prior to 1876 he moved to the Jesuit Orduña establishment, where he met the likes of Sabino Arana and Juan Olazábal. In 1878 he commenced law studies in Valladolid, graduating in derecho civíl y canónico in 1882. Evading military service, in 1883 he settled in Pamplona. Employed by the law office of his brother-in-law, he set up his own office following a move back to Estella in 1885. In 1890 Daniel married Aniana Ollo Elordi (1866-1950), Estella-born daughter of a local pharmacist and concejal. The couple had 10 children, born between 1891 and 1910. Most were engaged in Basque nationalist politics. The best known, Manuel, was minister in the Republican government during the Civil War. Also other sons held posts in Basque Republican administration, two of them – Andrés and Pello - known for their contribution to the Basque culture during exile years in Southern America. Some lived long enough to return to Spain following the death of Franco.
caption: Orduña pupils, 1870s
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