page_title: Koreans in China
section_title: North Koreans
hierarchical_section_title: Koreans in China / North Koreans
caption_attribution_description: English: Map portraying common North Korean defector routes to South Korea. Data sources: Hanrahan, Mark (8 November 2014). North Korean Laborers In Qatar Working As 'State-Sponsored Slaves' During World-Cup Lead Construction Boom: Report. International Business Times. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Kim Yong Hun (18 November 2009). Chongryon Feels the Pinch&#160;: The Plunging Chongryun – Part 1. dailynk.com. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Kim Young-jin (15 October 2012). 4,000 N. Koreans working in Kuwait. koreatimes. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Kovessy, Peter (30 August 2015). North Korean workers in Qatar fired for moonlighting - Doha News. Doha News. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Kwon, K.J. (15 May 2015). North Korean migrant workers used as slaves. CNN. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Pattisson, Pete (7 November 2014). North Korean 'forced labour' helps to build Qatar’s ambitious future. the Guardian. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Rosen, Armin (26 July 2012). The Strange Rise and Fall of North Korea's Business Empire in Japan. The Atlantic. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Sang-Hun, Choe (19 February 2015). North Korea Exports Forced Laborers for Profit, Rights Groups Say. nytimes.com. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Song Jiyoung (28 June 2013). The Complexity of North Korean Migration. globalethicsnetwork.org. Retrieved on 7 October 2015. The Chosun Ilbo (English Edition): Daily News from Korea - N.Korean Workers Brave Hard Times in UAE. english.chosun.com (25 December 2009). Retrieved on 7 October 2015. Who We Help. nkhrrescuefund.org (n.d.). Retrieved on 7 October 2015. This file was derived from: &#160;BlankAsia.png
context_page_description: The population of Koreans in China include millions of descendants of Korean immigrants with People's Republic of China citizenship, as well as smaller groups of South and North Korean expatriates, totaling roughly 2.3 million people as of 2009, making it the largest ethnic Korean population living outside the Korean Peninsula.
  Chaoxianzu, Joseonjok or Chosŏnjok form one of the 56 ethnicities officially recognized by the Chinese government. Their total population was estimated at 1,923,842 as of 2005 and 1,830,929 according to the 2010 Chinese census. High levels of emigration to South Korea, which has conversely reported a large increase in Chosŏnjok, are the likely cause of the drop. Most of them live in Northeast China, especially in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture, which had 854,000 ethnic Koreans living there as of 2000.
context_section_description: China has a large number of North Korean refugees, estimated in the tens of thousands. Some North Korean refugees who are unable to obtain transport to South Korea instead marry chaoxianzu and settle down in China, blending into the community; however, they are still subject to deportation if discovered by the authorities.
  As of 2011, there are an estimated 4,000 to 5,000 North Koreans residing as legal resident aliens in China. An increasing number are applying for naturalization as Chinese citizens; this requires a certificate of loss of North Korean nationality, which North Korean authorities have recently become more reluctant to issue. Major North Korean universities, such as the Kim Il-sung University and the Pyongyang University of Foreign Studies, send a few dozen exchange students to Peking University and other top-ranked Chinese universities each year.
  In June 2012, the Los Angeles Times reported that Beijing and Pyongyang had signed an agreement to grant as many as 40,000 industrial trainee visas to North Koreans to permit them to work in China per year; the first batch of workers arrived earlier in the year in the city of Tumen in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture.
caption: North Korean defectors often pass through China. Some of them settle there while others continue to South Korea.
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