page_title: Bar, Vinnytsia Oblast
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Bar, Vinnytsia Oblast / History
caption_attribution_description: English: General View on Bar, Ukraine
context_page_description: Bar is a town located on the Riv River in the Vinnytsia Oblast of central Ukraine. It is the administrative center of the Bar Raion, and is part of the historic region of Podolia. In 2015, the town's estimated population was 16,409.
context_section_description: Bar began as a small trade outpost known as Rov, within the Duchy of Podolia in the 13th century. Rov was noted for the first time in 1401. In 1537, the Polish Queen Bona Sforza renamed the settlement Bar, after her hometown of Bari, Italy. Bar's highest mountain was renamed after Queen Sforza in 2018 to commemorate her role in naming the town. In 1540, King Sigismund I the Old of Poland granted the nearby town city rights.
  In the 1630s, Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan built a fortress in Bar and made note of the town his book Description d'Ukranie. The Bar fortress was besieged several times in its history. In 1648, during the Khmelnytsky Uprising, was captured by Cossacks led by Maxym Kryvonis and was severely damaged.
  In 1672, Bar was captured by the Ottoman Empire and became a seat of the local administration. On November 12, 1674, the town and the fortress were liberated by John III of Poland after a four-day siege. However, the Ottomans would then recapture the city in 1675 and hold it until 1686, with nominal control through 1699.
  On February 29, 1768, the Bar Confederation, an alliance of Polish nobles, was founded by Adam Krasiński, Bishop of Kamenets, Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, Casimir Pulaski, Moritz Benyowszki and Michał Krasiński within the Bar fortress. After the Second Partition of Poland, the town was ceded to the Russian Empire and made part of the Podolia Governorate.
  After 1922, Bar became part of Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic within the USSR. In 1991, following the fall of the Soviet Union, the town became part of the independent Ukraine.
  The town had a historical Jewish population, with 3,869 Jews within the city in 1939. On July 16, 1941, during World War II, Nazi Germany occupied the town and established ghettos, killing many of Bar's Jewish residents. In 1999, there was an estimated Jewish population of 199.
  Bar currently has two large memorials situated within the city center, which are dedicated to those killed during WWII.
caption: Old picture with a general view onto the city of Bar
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