page_title: Gwalior State
section_title: Jankojirao II Sindhia (1827–1843)
hierarchical_section_title: Gwalior State / History / Rulers / Jankojirao II Sindhia (1827–1843)
caption_attribution_description: English: Display Artist: Ram Singh Creation Date: 1846 Display Dimensions: 12 7/8 in. x 16 7/8 in. (32.7 cm x 42.9 cm) Credit Line: Edwin Binney 3rd Collection Accession Number: 1990.1021 Collection: &lt;a href="http://www.sdmart.org/art/our-collection/asian-art" rel="nofollow"&gt;The San Diego Museum of Art&lt;/a&gt;
context_page_description: Gwalior state was a semi-autonomous Maratha state. It was focused in modern-day Madhya Pradesh, arising due to the rise of the Maratha Empire and fragmentation of the Mughal Empire.
  It was ruled by the House of Scindia, a Hindu Maratha dynasty and was entitled to a 21-gun salute when it became a princely state of the British Empire. The state took its name from the old town of Gwalior, which, although never the actual capital, was an important place because of its strategic location and the strength of its fort. The state was founded in the early 18th century by Ranoji Sindhia, as part of the Maratha Confederacy.The administration of Ujjain was assigned by Peshwa Bajirao I to his faithful commander Ranoji Shinde and his Sarsenapati was Yeshaji Aravandekar.The diwan of Ranoji Shinde was Ramchandra Baba Shenvi who was very wealthy he re-built the famous Shri Mahakala Temple in Ujjain during the 4th-5th decades of Eighteenth century AD.
  Under Mahadji Sindhia Gwalior State became a leading power in Central India, and dominated the affairs of the confederacy.
context_section_description: In 1827 Daulat Rao died, leaving no son or adopted heir. His widow, Baiza Bai, adopted Mukut Rao, a boy of eleven belonging to a distant but legitimate branch of the family, who succeeded as Jankojirao Sindhia. Jankojirao was a weak ruler and feuds were constant at his court, while the army was in a chronic state of mutiny. Upon his succession, difficulties arose as to whether the Bai should ruler in her own right or as regent, and her behaviour towards the young king finally caused a rise in feeling in his favour which impelled the Bai to take refuge in British territory. She returned after an interval and lived at Gwalior until her death in 1862. The chief's maternal uncle, known as Mama Sahib, had meanwhile become minister. The most important event during this period was the readjustment of the terms for maintaining the contingent force raised under the treaty of 1817.
caption: Young Jayaji Rao Sindhia, studying English, 1846
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