page_title: Alexios I Komnenos
section_title: Legacy
hierarchical_section_title: Alexios I Komnenos / Legacy
caption_attribution_description: English: Alexius Comnenus. 12th century. PB Seal (39mm, 44.85 g, 12h). H AΓI/A AN APA/CIC, The Anastasis (Resurrection): the Resurrected Christ standing facing, but advancing slightly right, above the broken Gates of Hell filled with the symbols of bondage (keys, lock plates, chain links), drawing Adam up out of his sarcophagus and holding patriarchal cross; to left of Adam, Eve standing right; to right of Christ, imperial couple standing facing side-by-side in adoration / A/ΛЄ/ΞI/[OC]/O/K/O/M/NH/N/O/C down left field, O AΓI/OC ΓЄ/ωPΓ/IOC in center, Alexios, in contemporary Byzantine military outfit and holding sword in right hand over shoulder, standing facing with left forearm being held by St. Georgios, himself in military outfit with sword in scabbard, standing to his left with left hand raised. Zacos I 93. EF. Extremely rare.
context_page_description: Alexios I Komnenos, Latinized Alexius I Comnenus, was Byzantine emperor from 1081 to 1118. Although he was not the founder of the Komnenian dynasty, it was during his reign that the Komnenos family came to full power. Inheriting a collapsing empire and faced with constant warfare during his reign against both the Seljuq Turks in Asia Minor and the Normans in the western Balkans, Alexios was able to curb the Byzantine decline and begin the military, financial, and territorial recovery known as the Komnenian restoration. The basis for this recovery were various reforms initiated by Alexios. His appeals to Western Europe for help against the Turks were also the catalyst that likely contributed to the convoking of the Crusades.
context_section_description: Alexios I had overcome a dangerous crisis and stabilized the Byzantine Empire, inaugurating a century of imperial prosperity and success.  He had also profoundly altered the nature of the Byzantine government.  By seeking close alliances with powerful noble families, Alexios put an end to the tradition of imperial exclusivity and co-opted most of the nobility into his extended family and, through it, his government. Those who did not become part of this extended family were deprived of power and prestige.  This measure, which was intended to diminish opposition, was paralleled by the introduction of new courtly dignities, like that of panhypersebastos given to Nikephoros Bryennios, or that of sebastokrator given to the emperor's brother Isaac Komnenos.  Although this policy met with initial success, it gradually undermined the relative effectiveness of imperial bureaucracy by placing family connections over merit. Alexios' policy of integration of the nobility bore the fruit of continuity: every Byzantine emperor who reigned after Alexios I Komnenos was related to him by either descent or marriage.
caption: Rare seal of Alexios I with a depiction of the Resurrection
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