page_title: Harutiun Jangülian
section_title: Kum Kapu demonstration
hierarchical_section_title: Harutiun Jangülian / Early life / Kum Kapu demonstration
caption_attribution_description: English: Interior view of Holy Mother-of-God Patriarchal Church https://picasaweb.google.com/117919047400413299240/Istambul#5576540653509769778
context_page_description: Harutiun Jangülian was an Armenian historian, political activist, and member of the Armenian National Assembly. He was especially known for his involvement in the Kum Kapu demonstration. He spent six years imprisoned in exile. He returned to Constantinople and continued his political activity after his release. Jangülian was arrested on 24 April 1915, at the beginning of the Armenian Genocide, deported, and ultimately executed.
context_section_description: Towards the close of the nineteenth century, Armenian revolutionary societies began to agitate for reform and renewed European attention to the Armenian Question. The Hnchak party in particular used mass demonstration tactics.
  The Kum Kapu demonstration took place on 27 July 1890 in Constantinople's Kumkapı district, where the Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople is located. Jangülian interrupted a mass by stepping onto the altar and reading aloud a statement concerning maltreatment of Armenians, which denounced the church's leadership as indifferent. Demonstrators then forced the patriarch to join a procession heading to Yildiz Palace to demand reforms for the Armenian provinces. As the procession formed, police surrounded the crowd and shots were fired, resulting in several fatalities, including that of a policeman. Other sources claim seven deaths, including four police.
  Although some considered Jangülian a hero, he was subsequently sentenced to death, but the Sultan commuted his sentence to life imprisonment in exile. He was exiled to Akka, Palestine and imprisoned in a fortress. He remained there until being pardoned and released in 1896. However, some sources claim he escaped.
caption: Interior view of Holy Mother-of-God Patriarchal Church where the Kum Kapu demonstration took place and where Jangülian read his declaration at the altar.
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