page_title: Counterintelligence state
hierarchical_section_title: Counterintelligence state
caption_attribution_description: English: MOSCOW. President Putin at an extended meeting of the board of the Federal Security Service. President Putin with Nikolai Patrushev, Director of the Federal Security Service.Русский: МОСКВА. На расширенном заседании коллегии Федеральной службы безопасности. С директором ФСБ Николаем Патрушевым.
context_page_description: Counterintelligence state is a state where the state security service penetrates and permeates all societal institutions, including the military. The term has been applied by historians and political commentators to the former Soviet Union, the former German Democratic Republic, Cuba after the 1959 revolution, Iraq under Saddam Hussein, and post-Soviet Russia under Vladimir Putin, especially since 2012. Debate also exists whether the United States of America, following the global surveillance disclosures may also fall into the category.
  According to one definition, "The counterintelligence state is characterized by the presence of a large, elite force acting as a watchdog of a security defined as broadly that the state must maintain an enormous vigilance and enforcement apparatus... This apparatus is not accountable to the public and enjoys immense police powers... Whether the civilian government is able to control the security bodies is an open question; indeed the civilian government is so penetrated by the apparatus that there is no clear distinction between the two."
context_section_description: Counterintelligence state (sometimes also called intelligence state, securocracy or spookocracy) is a state where the state security service penetrates and permeates all societal institutions, including the military. The term has been applied by historians and political commentators to the former Soviet Union, the former German Democratic Republic, Cuba after the 1959 revolution, Iraq under Saddam Hussein, and post-Soviet Russia under Vladimir Putin, especially since 2012. Debate also exists whether the United States of America, following the global surveillance disclosures may also fall into the category.
  According to one definition, "The counterintelligence state is characterized by the presence of a large, elite force acting as a watchdog of a security defined as broadly that the state must maintain an enormous vigilance and enforcement apparatus... This apparatus is not accountable to the public and enjoys immense police powers... Whether the civilian government is able to control the security bodies is an open question; indeed the civilian government is so penetrated by the apparatus that there is no clear distinction between the two."
  In some cases spookocracies feature literal rule of the state by people from secret police, as it was, for instance, in the USSR under Beria and Andropov, and is in Russia under Vladimir Putin.
caption: Russian President Vladimir Putin and former FSB director Nikolai Patrushev at a meeting of the board of the Federal Security Service in 2002.
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