page_title: Lubbock Lake Landmark
section_title: Archaeology
hierarchical_section_title: Lubbock Lake Landmark / Archaeology
caption_attribution_description: English: I took photo of replica of giant short-faced bear in Lubbock, TX, with Canon camera.
context_page_description: Lubbock Lake Landmark, also known as Lubbock Lake Site, is an important archeological site and natural history preserve in the city of Lubbock, Texas. The preserve is 336 acres and is a protected state and federal landmark. There is evidence of ancient people and extinct animals at Lubbock Lake Landmark. It has evidence of nearly 12,000 years of use by ancient cultures on the Llano Estacado. It is run by the Museum of Texas Tech University.
  Visitors can watch active archeological digs. Volunteers from around the world help with the ongoing excavations each summer, and local people can volunteer also, making the site accessible for non-scientists. There are both guided and self-guided tours offered throughout the year. The landmark's hours of operation are Tuesday-Saturday from 9am-5pm, and Sunday from 1pm-5pm.
  The site is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, and is a designated National Historic and State Archeological Landmark.
context_section_description: The site clearly shows many levels of cultural deposits that can be dated accurately due to the presence of clear geological stratigraphy (layers of various sediments representing different periods of time).  From these deposits, nearly 175 radiocarbon dates are available.  The Lubbock Lake Landmark exhibits a virtually complete cultural sequence from the Clovis Period to historic times. These periods are easily distinguished due to the separation of sediment layers containing cultural material by sterile layers where sediment lacks artifacts.
  Each layer represents a different time period, water regime, group of plants and animals, group of peoples, and climate and environment covering the past 12,000 years of history and prehistory. The time of people in North America generally is divided into five cultural periods, all of which are represented at Lubbock Lake Landmark.
  Paleolithic Cultural Periods:
  The Paleo-Indian Period:
  Clovis (11,500-11,000 years ago)
  Folsom (10,800-10,300 years ago)
  Plainview (10,000 years ago)
  Firstview (8,600 years ago)
  Neolithic to Modern Cultural Periods:
  Archaic (8,500–2000 years ago)
  Ceramic (2,000–500 years ago)
  Protohistoric (500–300 years ago)
  Historic (300 years ago to modern times)
caption: Model of giant short-faced bear
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