page_title: List of butterflies of India (Papilionidae)
section_title: Further reading
hierarchical_section_title: List of butterflies of India (Papilionidae) / Further reading
caption_attribution_description: Papilio helenus Linnaeus, 1758, upperside and hindwing venation detail English: Red Helen
context_page_description: This is a list of the butterflies of family Papilionidae, or the swallowtails, which are found in India. This family of large and beautiful butterflies is well represented with 89 species found within Indian borders. Two of the three papilionid subfamilies are represented in India, namely, the Parnassiinae or Apollos, with 19 species, and the Papilioninae or swallowtails, with 70 species.
  The area of India falls in the Indomalayan realm, except for the Himalayas above and beyond the foothills adjoining the Indo-Gangetic Plains, and which fall in the Palearctic realm, resulting in increased diversity of papilionid butterflies, especially the Parnassiini or snow Apollos, all species of which are Palearctic.
  Indian swallowtails are spread over all the biomes/ecoregions of India. The Malabar banded peacock and the Malabar banded swallowtail fly at sea level while the Apollos, are to be found only in the highest alpine meadows of the Himalayas. Some species such as the common Mormon and the blue Mormon fly at ground level whereas others, such as the tailed jay are normally found flying high in the forest canopy.
context_section_description: Chattopadhyay, Jagannath (2007). Swallowtail Butterflies, Biology and Ecology of a few Indian Species. Kolkata, India: Desh Prakashan. ISBN 978-81-905719-1-3.
  Collins, N. Mark; Morris, Michael G. (1985). Threatened Swallowtail Butterflies of the World: The IUCN Red Data Book. Gland & Cambridge: IUCN. ISBN 978-2-88032-603-6 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
  Evans, W.H. (1932). The Identification of Indian Butterflies (2nd ed.). Mumbai, India: Bombay Natural History Society.
  Haribal, Meena (1992). The Butterflies of Sikkim Himalaya and Their Natural History. Gangtok, Sikkim, India: Sikkim Nature Conservation Foundation.
  Kunte, Krushnamegh (2000). Butterflies of Peninsular India. India, A Lifescape. Hyderabad, India: Universities Press. ISBN 978-8173713545.
  Wynter-Blyth, Mark Alexander (1957). Butterflies of the Indian Region. Bombay, India: Bombay Natural History Society. ISBN 978-8170192329.
caption: Woodcut of red Helen (Papilio helenus) from C. T. Bingham's The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma volume on butterflies
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