page_title: Greek colonisation
section_title: Maps of the ancient colonies before the death of Philip II of Macedon
hierarchical_section_title: Greek colonisation / Maps of the ancient colonies before the death of Philip II of Macedon
caption_attribution_description: Español: Mapa completo de las colonias griegas y púnicas en el siglo IV a. C. en la cuenca de mediterráneo. Italiano: La carta completa quella analoga, già presente in Commons, aggiungendo le colonie greche dell'Adriatico, che non erano presenti. La situazione rappresentata è quella del IV secolo a.C.Deutsch: Aktualisieren. Griechischen und phönizischen Kolonien im vierten Jahrhundert v. Chr.Ελληνικά: Υπόμνημα: ελληνικές και φοινικικές αποικίες στον τέταρτο αιώνα π.Χ.English: Greek and Phoenician colonies in the fourth century BC. The map from which it was drawn illustrates the situation in previous centuries.
context_page_description: Greek colonization was an organised colonial expansion by the Archaic Greeks into the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea in the period of the 8th–6th centuries BC.
  This colonization differed from the migrations of the Greek Dark Ages in that it consisted of organised direction by the originating metropolis instead of the simple movement of tribes which characterized the earlier migrations. Many colonies that were founded in this period evolved into strong city-states and became independent of their metropolis.
context_section_description: Modern Egypt
  E1. Naucratis
  Modern Libya
  L1. Barce
  L2. Cyrene
  L3. Balagrae
  L4. Taucheira
  L5. Ptolemais
  L6. Euesperides
  L7. Antipyrgus
  L8. Apollonia
  Modern Spain
  S1. Portus Illicitanus
  S2. Akra Leuke
  S3. Alonis
  S4. Hemeroscopeum
  S5. Zakynthos
  S6. Salauris
  S7. Rhode
  S8. Emporion
  S9. Kalathousa
  S10. Mainake
  S11. Menestheus's Limin
  S12. Kypsela
  S13. Helike
  Modern France
  F1. Agde
  F2. Massalia
  F3. Tauroention
  F4. Olbia
  F5. Nicaea
  F6. Monoikos
  F7. Antipolis
  F8. Alalia
  F9. Rhodanousia
  F10. Athenopolis 
  Modern Italy
   *  According to ancient writers Scylletium was a Greek colony, but there are no other evidence other than that.
  I1. Olbia
  I2. Adria
  I3. Ancona
  I4. Parthenope
  I5. Cumae
  I6. Procida
  I7. Dicaearchia
  I8. Neapolis
  I9. Poseidonia
  I10. Metapontum
  I11. Sybaris
  I12. Thurii
  I13. Taras
  I14. Siris
  I15. Crotona
  I16. Gallipoli
  I17. Elea
  I18. Messina
  I19. Kale Akte
  I21. Syracuse
  I22. Didyme
  I23. Hycesia
  I24. Phoenicusa
  I26. Therassía
  I27. Lipara/Meligounis
  I28. Epizepherean Locris
  I29. Rhegium
  I30. Lentini
  I31. Selinountas
  I32. Megara Hyblaea
  I33. Naxos
  I34. Tauromenion
  I35. Acragas
  I36. Himera
  I37. Gela
  I38. Catania
  I39. Leontini
  I40. Ereikousa
  I41. Euonymos
  I42. Kamarina
  I43. Medma
  I44. Hipponion
  I45. Heraclea Minoa
  I46. Caulonia
  I47. Trotilon
  I48. Pyxous
  I49. Mylae
  I50. Laüs
  I51. Terina
  I52. Rhegion
  I53. Tindari
  I54. Macalla
  I55. Temesa
  I56. Metauros
  I57. Krimisa
  I58. Chone
  I59. Saturo
  I60. Heraclea Lucania, Siris
  I61. Scylletium  * 
  I62. Agathyrnum
  I63. Adranon
  I64. Akrillai
  I65. Casmenae
  I66. Akrai
  I67. Engyon
  Modern Croatia
  C1. Salona
  C2. Tragyrion
  C3. Aspálathos
  C4. Epidaurus
  C5. Issa
  C6. Dimos
  C7. Pharos
  C8. Kórkyra Mélaina
  C9. Epidaurum
  C10. Narona
  Modern Montenegro
  M1. Bouthoe
  Modern Albania
  AL1. Lissos/Lissus
  AL2. Nymphaeum
  AL3. Epidamnos
  AL4. Apollonia
  AL5. Aulon
  AL6. Chrysondion
  AL7. Antipatreia
  AL8. Chimara
  AL9. Amantia
  AL10. Bouthroton
  AL11. Dimale
  AL12. Byllis
  AL13. Oricum
  AL14. Thronion
  Modern Serbia 
   *  Some historians believe that it was near the modern Resen (North Macedonia) while others believe that it was near the modern Vranje (Serbia).
  SE1. Damastion  * 
  Modern North Macedonia *  Some historians believe that it was near the modern Resen (North Macedonia) while others believe that it was near the modern Vranje (Serbia).
  MA1. Damastion  * 
  MA2. Heraclea Lyncestis
  Modern Greece
  GR1. Potidaea
  GR2. Stageira
  GR3. Acanthus
  GR4. Mende
  GR5. Ambracia
  GR6. Corcyra
  GR7. Maroneia
  GR8. Krinides
  GR9. Olynthus
  GR10. Abdera
  GR11. Therma
  GR12. Arethusa
  GR13. Leucas
  GR14. Eion
  GR15. Sane
  GR16. Amphipolis
  GR17. Argilus
  GR18. Sane
  GR19. Akanthos
  GR20. Astacus
  GR21. Galepsus
  GR22. Oesyme
  GR23. Phagres
  GR24. Datus
  GR25. Stryme
  GR26. Pistyrus
  GR27. Rhaecelus
  GR28. Dicaea
  GR29. Methoni
  GR30. Heraclea in Trachis
  GR31. Heraclea in Acarnania
  GR32. Anactorium
  GR33. Sale
  GR34. Drys
  GR35. Toroni
  GR36. Amorgos
  Modern Bulgaria
   *  Pseudo-Scymnus writes that some say that the city of Bizone belongs to the barbarians, while others to be a Greek colony of Mesembria.
  BUL1. Mesembria
  BUL2. Odessos
  BUL3. Apollonia / Antheia
  BUL4. Callatis
  BUL5. Agathopolis
  BUL6. Kavarna
  BUL7. Pomorie
  BUL8. Naulochos
  BUL9. Krounoi
  BUL10. Pistiros
  BUL11. Anchialos
  BUL12. Bizone * 
  BUL13. Develtos
  BUL14. Heraclea Sintica
  Modern Romania
  RO1. Tomis
  RO2. Histria/Istros
  RO3. Aegyssus
  RO4. Stratonis
  RO5. Axiopolis
  RO6. Kallatis
  Modern Ukraine
  U1. Borysthenes
  U2. Tyras
  U3. Olbia
  U4. Nikonion
  U5. Odessa
  Modern Crimea  *  Russia annexed Crimea at 2014 and unofficially it is no longer part of Ukraine.
  CR1. Panticapaeum
  CR2. Nymphaion
  CR3. Tyritake
  CR4. Theodosia
  CR5. Chersonesus
  CR6. Charax
  CR7. Myrmekion
  CR8. Hermonassa
  CR9. Kerkinitis
  CR10. Gorgippia
  CR11. Kimmerikon
  CR12. Kalos Limen
  Modern Russia
  RU1. Tanais
  RU2. Kepoi
  RU3. Phanagoria
  RU4. Bata
  RU5. Gorgippia
  RU6. Hermonassa
  Modern Georgia/ Abkhazia  *  Abkhazia is recognised only by Russia and a small number of other countries.
  G1. Bathys
  G2. Triglite
  G3. Pityus
  G4. Dioscurias
  G5. Phasis
  G6. Gyenos
  Modern Turkey
  TR1. Selymbria
  TR2. Heraclea Pontica
  TR3. Cius
  TR4. Ephesus
  TR5. Dios Hieron
  TR6. Iasos
  TR7. Myndus
  TR8. Sel
caption: Some Greek colonies and metropolitan cities (red).
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