page_title: Artificial lattice
section_title: Proprieties
hierarchical_section_title: Artificial lattice / Proprieties
caption_attribution_description: Alemannisch: Dui ideaale krischdallardige Zammasetzig vo Grapheen in emena säggsäggiga Giddrnäzz. Deutsch: Die ideale kristalline Struktur von Graphen ist ein sechseckiges Gitternetz. English: The ideal crystalline structure of graphene is a hexagonal grid. Español: La estructura cristalina ideal del grafeno es una retícula hexagonal. Français&#160;: La structure cristalline idéale du graphène est une grille hexagonale. 日本語: グラフェンの理想的な結晶構造は、六角形の格子です。 Русский: Идеальная кристаллическая структура графена представляет собой гексагональную кристаллическую решётку. 中文: 石墨烯的理想晶体结构是六角形格子。
context_page_description: Artificial lattice is a term encompassing every atomic-scale structures designed and controlled to confine electrons onto a chosen lattice. Research has been done on multiple geometries and one of the most notable being what is called molecular graphene. Molecular graphene is a part of two-dimensional artificial lattices.
  Artificial lattices can be studied to test theoretical topology predictions or for their engineered electronic proprieties. Those materials should still be considered at a research stage.
context_section_description: The main interest of artificial lattice is that its lattice proprieties (such as the lattice spacing) can be precisely controlled. In the case of molecular graphene, similarities in structure with graphene can provide an indirect to study graphene proprieties. Using a triaxial strain, it is possible to study how graphene react to intense magnetic fields. This strain (creating what is called a pseudo magnetic field) will alter the electronic structure of the molecule in the same fashion a magnetic field would. With this method, we can study how graphene would react to field up to 60 T.
  Some artificial lattices, such as molecular graphene, also exhibits semi-conductors' behaviors. PNP junctions can be made with the juxtaposition of two artificial graphene lattices with different lattice spacing. Indeed, Fermi level of a molecular graphene is directly linked to its lattice spacing. 
  Multiple geometries for artificial lattices has been researched and created. Some of those geometries are :
  Graphene
  Lieb lattices
  Sierpiński triangle
  Penrose tiling
  Kagome lattice
  Kekulé lattice
  Some of those geometries have a non-integer Hausdorff dimension as they are fractals. Those dimensions can be approximated using box counting methods. This dimension will dictate how electrons of the artificial lattice will behave and move in space.
caption: Graphene is a lattice that can be mimicked in artificial lattices
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