page_title: Technetium-99m
hierarchical_section_title: Technetium-99m
caption_attribution_description: English: The first technetium-99m generator developed at Brookhaven National Laboratory, circa 1958, shown without shielding. Technetium-99m is the most commonly used medical radioisotope.
context_page_description: Technetium-99m is a metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99, symbolized as ⁹⁹ᵐTc, that is used in tens of millions of medical diagnostic procedures annually, making it the most commonly used medical radioisotope in the world.
  Technetium-99m is used as a radioactive tracer and can be detected in the body by medical equipment. It is well suited to the role, because it emits readily detectable gamma rays with a photon energy of 140 keV and its half-life for gamma emission is 6.0058 hours. The relatively "short" physical half-life of the isotope and its biological half-life of 1 day allows for scanning procedures which collect data rapidly but keep total patient radiation exposure low. The same characteristics make the isotope suitable only for diagnostic but never therapeutic use.
  Technetium-99m was discovered as a product of cyclotron bombardment of molybdenum. This procedure produced molybdenum-99, a radionuclide with a longer half-life, which decays to Tc-99m. At present, molybdenum-99 is used commercially as the easily transportable source of medically used Tc-99m.
context_section_description: Technetium-99m (⁹⁹ᵐTc) is a metastable nuclear isomer of technetium-99 (itself an isotope of technetium), symbolized as ⁹⁹ᵐTc, that is used in tens of millions of medical diagnostic procedures annually, making it the most commonly used medical radioisotope in the world.
  Technetium-99m is used as a radioactive tracer and can be detected in the body by medical equipment (gamma cameras). It is well suited to the role, because it emits readily detectable gamma rays with a photon energy of 140 keV (these 8.8 pm photons are about the same wavelength as emitted by conventional X-ray diagnostic equipment) and its half-life for gamma emission is 6.0058 hours (meaning 93.7% of it decays to ⁹⁹Tc in 24 hours). The relatively "short" physical half-life of the isotope and its biological half-life of 1 day (in terms of human activity and metabolism) allows for scanning procedures which collect data rapidly but keep total patient radiation exposure low. The same characteristics make the isotope suitable only for diagnostic but never therapeutic use.
  Technetium-99m was discovered as a product of cyclotron bombardment of molybdenum. This procedure produced molybdenum-99, a radionuclide with a longer half-life (2.75 days), which decays to Tc-99m. At present, molybdenum-99 (Mo-99) is used commercially as the easily transportable source of medically used Tc-99m. In turn, this Mo-99 is usually created commercially by fission of highly enriched uranium in aging research and material testing nuclear reactors in several countries.
caption: The first technetium-99m generator, 1958.
  A 99mTc pertechnetate solution is
  being eluted from 99Mo molybdate
  bound to a chromatographic substrate
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