page_title: Landlocked developing countries
section_title: Burundi
hierarchical_section_title: Landlocked developing countries / Dependency problems / Burundi
caption_attribution_description: English: Landlocked Burundi is shown in blue. Its possible routes were either a) dependent on infrastructure of transit neighbour (Tanzania: orange) b) dependent on political relations with transit neighbour (Kenya: yellow) or c) dependent on internal stability of transit neighbour (Mozambique: Red). When all three routes were out of option, it had to rely on the port of Durban in South Africa (brown), reflecting the true traditional geographic notion of being landlocked burdened. Français&#160;: Carte illustrant la lutte du Burundi à trouver une voie d'exportation approprié. Le Burundi est représenté en bleu. Ses itinéraires possibles étaient: a) soit dépendant des infrastructures de transit voisins (Tanzanie: jaune) b) en fonction des relations politiques avec transit voisin (Kenya: orange) ou c) en fonction de la stabilité interne de transit voisin (Mozambique: rouge). Constatant que les trois routes étaient irréalisables, le Burundi a dû compter sur le port de Durban en Afrique du Sud (marron), ce qui reflète la vraie notion géographique traditionnelle de l'enclavement.
context_page_description: Landlocked developing countries are developing countries that are landlocked. The economic and other disadvantages experienced by such countries makes the majority of landlocked countries Least Developed Countries, with inhabitants of these countries occupying the bottom billion tier of the world's population in terms of poverty. Apart from Europe, there is not a single successful highly developed landlocked country as measured by the Human Development Index, and nine of the twelve countries with the lowest HDI scores are landlocked. Landlocked European countries are exceptions in terms of development outcomes due to their close integration with the regional European market. Landlocked countries that rely on transoceanic trade usually suffer a cost of trade that is double that of their maritime neighbours. Landlocked countries experience economic growth 6% less than their non-landlocked countries, holding other variables constant.
  About 442.8 million people live in current LLDCs, as of 2012.
context_section_description: Burundi has relatively good internal road networks, but it cannot export its goods using the most direct route to the sea since the inland infrastructure of Tanzania is poorly connected to the port of Dar es Salaam. Thus Burundi relies on Kenya's port of Mombasa for export; but this route was severed briefly in the 1990s when political relations with Kenya deteriorated. Further, Burundi's exports could not pass through Mozambique around the same time due to violent civil conflict. Thus, Burundi had to export its goods using a 4500 km route, crossing several borders and changing transport modes, to reach the port of Durban in South Africa.
caption: Burundi is shown in blue. Its possible export routes were:  * dependent on infrastructure of transit neighbour Tanzania (yellow), or  
  * dependent on political relations with transit neighbour Kenya (orange), or  * dependent on internal stability of transit neighbour Mozambique (red). When all three routes were unavailable, Burundi had to rely on the port of Durban in South Africa (brown).
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