page_title: Carr Hill
section_title: Industrial decline and modern development
hierarchical_section_title: Carr Hill / History / Industrial decline and modern development
caption_attribution_description: English: A remnant of carr Hill's potting past, the Old Brown Jug now stands derelict
context_page_description: Carr Hill is a suburb in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead in Tyne and Wear, England. It is bordered by Felling to the north, Sheriff Hill to the south, Windy Nook to the east and Deckham to the west. It lies 1.5 miles south of Gateshead, 2 miles south of the city of Newcastle upon Tyne and 13 miles north of the historic City of Durham. Once a village in County Durham, it was incorporated into the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead by the Local Government Act 1972 on 1 April 1974.
  One of the less populous of the former villages that comprise the metropolitan borough, Carr Hill has a long history and was first developed by the Romans. During the Industrial Revolution it became the centre of pottery making in Tyneside, and numerous stone quarries, glass makers and windmills were set up. It also had a large reservoir providing water to several areas of Gateshead and Newcastle upon Tyne.
  Industrial decline from the turn of the 20th century, coupled with the building of Gateshead's first council estate, saw Carr Hill transformed from an industrial settlement into a residential suburb of the Gateshead Council ward of Deckham.
context_section_description: By the late 19th century the village was in steep decline. In 1894, Whellan described Carr Hill as "a scattered village, which ... was dotted with windmills, now fallen into ruins, as are many of the houses." Carr Hill Pottery had operated throughout the 19th century, but the once thriving pottery had by 1860 become little more than a cottage industry, employing a mere 8 employees and paying just £15 per annum in rent. Ownership subsequently transferred to Thomas Patterson, of neighbouring Sheriff Hill Pottery, who eventually closed the Carr Hill works in 1893. The buildings were demolished completely in 1932; only the Old Brown Jug public house and a street named in honour of Warburton survived as reminders of the area's rich pottery heritage by 2010. Carr Hill Quarry on Elgin Road was infilled and replaced by a school, and although the windmills still stood, none operated as a going concern by 1890, and were instead used as tenement property or storehouses Carr Hill Mill was demolished between 1919 and 1939 as was the last remaining mill in 1963. Elliot's glassworks suffered a similar fate, closing in about 1900 and demolished in 1932. Carr Hill House fell into disrepair and was demolished in 1921. Carr Hill Reservoir survived until 1973, but by then the whole of Gateshead and Newcastle were supplied by the Newcastle and Water Company from Catcleugh and Whittle Dene in Northumberland and it had become redundant, and was covered soon after.
  Carr Hill today is shaped by the housing development of the 20th century.  A building boom begun in Gateshead at the start of the 20th century; large tracts of development at Deckham were matched by development in Carr Hill at Mafeking, Methuen and Baden Powell Streets. In 1911 an offer to build Sutton Dwellings was made to Gateshead Council and was staunchly rebuffed and in 1917 Parliament made a further proposal which was again rejected. However, a Gateshead Council survey concluded in 1919 that "overcrowding in Gateshead was at dangerous levels, that landlords were scrimping on repairs and improvements" and that housing levels were unsustainable in light of rapid population growth. When in February 1919 the Town Improvement Committee recommended the purchase of 214 acres (0.87 km²; 0.334 sq mi) of land between Dryden Road at Low Fell and Carr Hill under the Housing Act 1919, the Council finally yielded and purchased 65 acres (0.26 km²; 0.102 sq mi) of land in Carr Hill and Sheriff Hill at the cost of £19,000. The result was that, in 1921, a large council estate was built in Carr Hill at Iona Road and the surrounding areas. The estate remains largely unchanged and shapes the suburb today, with only the width of Carr Hill Road (indicating a village green), the 'Old Brown Jug' inn building and some stone cottages at Co-Operative Terrace remaining of the industrial village which once stood in its stead.
caption: The Old Brown Jug, named in reference to Warburton's pottery which once flourished behind it, stands derelict at Carr Hill Road in 2011
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