page_title: Spanish-based creole languages
section_title: Palenquero
hierarchical_section_title: Spanish-based creole languages / Spanish creole languages / Palenquero
context_page_description: A Spanish creole, or Spanish-based creole language, is a creole language for which Spanish serves as its substantial lexifier.
  A number of creole languages are influenced to varying degrees by the Spanish language, including the Philippine creole varieties known as "Chavacano", Palenquero, and Bozal Spanish. Spanish also influenced other creole languages like Papiamento, Pichinglis, and Annobonese.
  Any number of Spanish-based pidgins have arisen due to contact between Spanish and other languages, especially in America, such as the Panare Trade Spanish used by the Panare people of Venezuela and Roquetas Pidgin Spanish used by agricultural workers in Spain. However, few Spanish pidgins ever creolized.
context_section_description: Palenquero (also Palenque) is a Spanish-based creole spoken in Colombia.
  The ethnic group which speaks this creole consisted only of 2,500 people in 1989.
  It is spoken in Colombia, in the village of San Basilio de Palenque which is south and east of Cartagena, and in some neighborhoods of Barranquilla.
  The village was founded by fugitive slaves (Maroons) and Native Americans. Since many slaves had been only slightly exposed to contact with white people, the palenqueros spoke creole languages derived from Spanish and from their ancestral African languages.
  Spanish speakers are unable to understand Palenquero. There is some influence from the Kongo of the Democratic Republic of Congo. In 1998, only 10% of the population younger than 25 spoke Palenquero. It is most commonly spoken by the elderly.
  For more information see the Ethnologue Report on Palenquero.
caption: Palenquero
exif: {}