page_title: Andrew Kőszegi
section_title: Rebellions against Charles
hierarchical_section_title: Andrew Kőszegi / Rebellions against Charles
caption_attribution_description: Kőszeg - Hungary, Castle
context_page_description: Andrew Kőszegi was a Hungarian lord in the early 14th century, who was a member of the powerful Kőszegi family. His failed rebellion against Charles I of Hungary in 1317 contributed to the gradual collapse of the family's rule in Transdanubia.
context_section_description: Nicholas died in early 1314. He was succeeded by Andrew, who clearly stated in one of his charters that he inherited the province from his grandfather then brother "by law". Accordingly, Andrew became hereditary ispán of Vas, Sopron, Zala – and possibly Moson and Győr – counties until his death. He owned various castles in the region, for instance Kőszeg, Óvár, Borostyánkő (today Bernstein, Austria), Sárvár, Tátika and Kabold (today Kobersdorf, Austria), in addition to the Pannonhalma Archabbey. Initially, Andrew remained neutral during the unification war of King Charles I of Hungary against the oligarchs, continuing his brother's policy, who abandoned their grandfather's aggressive anti-royal behavior. According to his own document, Andrew intended to visit the royal court in the summer of 1314, but there is no record about the event.
  However, soon, Andrew returned to the late Ivan's harsh expansionist policy and plundered his neighbors' landholdings, in order to integrate the some remaining independent lords to his Western Transdanubian province. For instance, his familiaris Solomon the Red destroyed the castle of Resznek, owned by Herbord Reszneki. Andrew seized Szentgyörgy (also called Békavár, lit. "Frog's Castle") from Joachim Péc around the same time. He even extended his influence over some portions of Veszprém County by early 1315. For instance, he arbitrarily occupied the fort of Ugod from the Csáks. When Charles I launched a royal campaign against John and Peter, the late Henry's sons, who governed their province in Southern Transdanubia, Andrew sent his auxiliary troops in order to provide assistance to his second uncles. Charles waged war with the southern Kőszegi dominion again in the first half of 1316, which also affected heavily Andrew's territory. He was unable to help his relatives, because his several familiares pledged allegiance to the king and left his army in the same time, including Alexander Köcski and his kinship, the Nádasd clan. Andrew sent his soldier Solomon the Red with a marauding army to Gerse, where Köcski's brother-in-law Ladislaus Nádasd and his family were brutally massacred. In the same time, Köcski's lands and mills were also plundered and destroyed.
  When Stefan Uroš II Milutin invaded the Syrmia, Charles I launched a counter-campaign across the river Száva and seized the fortress of Macsó (present-day Mačva, Serbia) in the winter of 1317. Taking advantage of the king's absent, Andrew Kőszegi attacked the towns of Sopron and Győr, which refused to acknowledge his supremacy, but the burghers successfully repelled the offense with the assistance of the troops of his former familiares, Paul and Lawrence Nagymartoni. Simultaneously Andrew unsuccessfully besieged Léka and Rohonc (present-day Lockenhaus and Rechnitz in Austria, respectively), the castles of his royalist relative Nicholas II Kőszegi, who also participated in the Serbian campaign. Contemporary records and charters in the following period referred to Andrew's forces as "Germans", which implies that he hired number of mercenaries from Austria and Styria. In retaliation, Charles launched a punitive expedition against his territory in the summer of 1317, while Austrian duke Frederick the Fair also attacked from the borderlands. Andrew's dominion collapsed within months (the details of the clashes are unknown); he surrendered to Charles in the royal camp at Komárom in October 1317 (at that moment, the king besieged Matthew Csák's fortress). Charles' cease-fire conditions resulted the dissolution of the extended Kőszegi province in Western Transdanubia; the family was able to retain only Vas and Zala counties, its revenues were handed over to Nicholas II Kőszegi, while royal ispáns were appointed to the other counties, where Andrew lost all of his castles (for instance, Pannonhalma, Kapuvár and Óvár). In contrary to Pál Engel's conclusion, historian Gyula Kristó considered that Andrew's unsuccessful attack against Sopron took place in the summer of 1317, and there were no subsequent clashes between the royal army and Andrew's t
caption: The medieval wall of Kőszeg Castle, owned by Andrew Kőszegi
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