page_title: Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet
hierarchical_section_title: Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet
caption_attribution_description: English: One of the grandest of the Canongate's mansions, built in 1681 in the reign of Charles II by the 3rd earl of Lauderdale. It then passed to the 1st Duke of Queensberry, whose family owned it until 1803. The 2nd Duke incurred the odium of the Edinburgh mob for the leading part he played as a Commissioner entrusted with the passage of the Act of Union through the Scottish Parliament. A story attaches to the house, that while the Duke was fully occupied with the affairs of state, his unattended, congenitally insane heir murdered a servant boy by roasting him on a fireplace spit. John Gay of 'The Beggar's Opera' fame stayed here as a guest of Lady Catherine Hyde, 3rd Duchess (1700-177) and patron of the arts. In 1745, the officers of General Cope's army, captured by the Jacobites at the Battle of Prestonpans, were held here for several days before being released on parole. In more recent times the building became a House of Refuge for the Destitute. The Edinburgh judge, Henry Cockburn, lamented the decline of what "was once the brilliant abode of rank and fashion and political intrigue". It remained a refuge, in a very run-down condition, until the Scottish Parliament annexed and renovated it as offices.
context_page_description: Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet Stanhope FRSE was a Scottish advocate, judge, country landowner, agriculturalist and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1766 to 1775. In 1783 he was a joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
context_section_description: Sir James Montgomery, 1st Baronet Stanhope FRSE (1721 – 2 April 1803) was a Scottish advocate, judge, country landowner, agriculturalist and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1766 to 1775. In 1783 he was a joint founder of the Royal Society of Edinburgh.
caption: Queensberry House, Canongate Edinburgh
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