page_title: Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve
section_title: Flora and fauna
hierarchical_section_title: Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve / Flora and fauna
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Шульган-Таш заповедник, Бурзянский район This image is related to the protected area of Russia number 0200105 This template and pages using it are maintained by the Russian WLE team. Please read the guidelines before making any changes that can affect the database!
context_page_description: Shulgan-Tash Nature Reserve is a Russian 'zapovednik' in the western foothills of the Southern Ural Mountains. The terrain is one of heavy forest and karst topography; the site contains some of the oldest caves of human habitation. The reserve has 13 full-time "bortevikov" - practitioners of the ancient apiculture of tree-hollow cultivation of wild honeybees. The reserve is situated in the Burzyansky District of Bashkortostan. It is about 40 km southeast of the District town of Starosubkhangulovo. In 2012, the reserve was added to the UNESCO Biosphere Reserve "Bashkir Ural", in particular for protection of the Burzyuan bee, which has been cultivated since ancient times by the local Baskkir people.
context_section_description: Shulgan-Tash is at the meeting zone of deciduous forests (the eastern edge of linden, oak, elm, and maple, with some oak on the southern slopes) and light-coniferous taiga (mostly pine).  Scientists on the reserve have recorded 877 species of vascular plants, 184 of mosses, 233 of lichens, 117 species of mushrooms, and 202 species of algae and cyanobacteria.  Of the vascular plants, about 10% are endemic, and 10 species of which are relic spruce and linden.
  The animals are those typical of the mountain-forest meeting zone of European woods (such as mice), and representatives of the Siberian woods (hare, etc.)  Common large mammals are elk, bear, fox, and marten.  Scientists on the reserve have recorded 60 species of mammals.
  The primary concern of the reserve is protect the gene pool of bees from cross-breeding with outside bees.  (Importation of bees is banned).  As domesticated bee colonies outside of the reserve suffer from in-breeding and other disorders, the Shulgan-Tash Reserve can provide a classic service of a 'reserve', exporting bees to strengthen outside stocks.
caption: Apiculture (Beekeeping) in Shulgan-Tash
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