page_title: Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
section_title: Jin Great Wall
hierarchical_section_title: Jin dynasty (1115–1234) / Military / Jin Great Wall
caption_attribution_description: English: Inscription of Serven Khaalga (1196), Bayankhutag sum, Khentii Province, Mongolia. Bilingual inscription in Chinese characters and Jurchen script. Spaced 18m apart. Found by Kh.Perlee. Each inscription's height 3m, width 4m. Each inscription has 9 vertical lines with 11-16 characters each. Japanese scholar Kato Shimpei read the first line as "Great Golden Central State O-Giao Jeo-Shio" which he said corresponds to the Jinshi's "Wangyang Changxiang" and the Secret History of the Mongols' "Wangin Chenshiang", a high minister of the Jin Emperor. In the 8th line it says "7th year of Mingchang" which led to the conclusion that the inscription was written in 1196, just after the successful joint Jin-Mongol-Kerait campaign against the Tatars. Genghis Khan collaborated with the Jin against the Tatars and was awarded the title "caut-quri" by Wangin Chenshiang while the Kerait Khan Toghrul was awarded the title "wang khan". Genghis Khan would eventually conquer both the Keraits and the Jin Dynasty.
context_page_description: The Jin dynasty, officially known as the Great Jin, lasted from 1115 to 1234 as one of the last dynasties in Chinese history to predate the Mongol conquest of China. Its name is sometimes written as Kin, Jurchen Jin or Jinn in English to differentiate it from an earlier Jìn dynasty of China whose name is identical when transcribed without tone marker diacritics in the Hanyu Pinyin system for Standard Chinese. It is also sometimes called the "Jurchen dynasty" or the "Jurchen Jin", because its founding leader Aguda was of Wanyan Jurchen descent.
  The Jin emerged from Taizu's rebellion against the Liao dynasty, which held sway over northern China until the nascent Jin drove the Liao to the Western Regions, where they became known as the Western Liao. After vanquishing the Liao, the Jurchen Jin launched a century-long campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty, which was based in southern China. Over the course of their rule, the Jurchens of Jin quickly adapted to Chinese customs, and even fortified the Great Wall against the rising Mongols. Domestically, the Jin oversaw a number of cultural advancements, such as the revival of Confucianism.
context_section_description: In order to prevent incursion from the Mongols, a large construction program was launched. The records show that two important sections of the Great Wall were completed by the Jurchens.
  The Great Wall as constructed by the Jurchens differed from the previous dynasties. Known as the Border Fortress or the Boundary Ditch of the Jin, it was formed by digging ditches within which lengths of wall were built. In some places subsidiary walls and ditches were added for extra strength. The construction was started in about 1123 and completed by about 1198. The two sections attributable to the Jin dynasty are known as the Old Mingchang Walls and New Great Walls, together stretching more than 2,000 kilometres in length.
caption: "Great Golden Central State O-Giao Jeo-Shio" (1196), found in now Mongolia.
exif: {}