page_title: Louise Varèse
section_title: Career
hierarchical_section_title: Louise Varèse / Career
caption_attribution_description: English: Edited by Allen Norton and Louise Norton-Varèse
context_page_description: Louise Varèse, also Louise Norton, Louise Norton-Varèse, was an American writer, editor, and translator of French literature who was involved with New York Dadaism.
context_section_description: She edited the modernist magazine Rogue (a play off of Vogue) with her then husband, Allen Norton, from 1915 to 1916. She sometimes wrote under the "pseudonym Dame Rogue".  She was also a contributor to the New York Dada magazine The Blind Man .
  Varèse (then Norton) met Marcel Duchamp in 1915 and became close friends. She was involved in the 1917 Society of Independent Artists submission of a urinal under the name R.Mutt known as Fountain. She wrote a defense of the work titled "Buddha of the Bathroom" in issue 2 of The Blind Man.
  Her address also appears on the label of Fountain as seen in the Alfred Stieglitz photograph of the work and her phone number was given as an alternative to Duchamp's as press contact. As such, she is a likely candidate for the "female friend" Duchamp mentions in a letter dated 11 April 1917 to his sister Suzanne: "Une de mes amies sous un pseudonyme masculin, Richard Mutt, avait envoyé une pissotière en porcelaine comme sculpture" ("One of my female friends under a masculine pseudonym, Richard Mutt, sent in a porcelain urinal as a sculpture.").
  Varèse translated poetry and other works by Charles Baudelaire, Julien Gracq, Saint-John Perse, Marcel Proust, Arthur Rimbaud, Georges Simenon, and Stendhal. Her translations of the work of Arthur Rimbaud for James Laughlin's New Directions imprint were particularly influential. In 1956, she translated the section "The Great Improvisation" from Adam Mickiewicz's poetic drama Dziady.
  In 1972, she wrote a biography of her late second husband, Edgard Varèse, titled: Varèse: A Looking-Glass Diary.
  For the exhibition Marcel Duchamp at the Philadelphia Museum of Art in 1973, Varèse wrote an essay titled Marcel Duchamp at Play.
caption: Cover of Rogue, April 1, 1915
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