page_title: Baotu Spring
section_title: Location
hierarchical_section_title: Baotu Spring / Location
caption_attribution_description: English: Photograph of goldfish in the Baotu Spring Park, Jinan, Shandong, China
context_page_description: The Baotu Spring is a culturally significant artesian karst spring located in the city of Jinan, Shandong, China. It is mentioned in the Spring and Autumn Annals, one of the Five Classics of Chinese literature, and was declared the "Number One Spring under the Heaven" by the Qianlong Emperor in the Qing dynasty.
  The Baotu Spring is the most renowned among the more than 70 named artesian springs in the downtown area of the city of Jinan. The water of all these springs originates from an Ordovician karst aquifer under the city. As the terrain around Jinan slopes from the south down to the north, the recharge area for the aquifer is located in the mountainous area to the south of the city. The recharge area of the springs covers 1,500 square kilometres, out of which 550 km² provide direct recharge and 950 km² indirect recharge.
  Altogether, the springs fed by the aquifer have a discharge of about 300,000-350,000 cubic metres per day. Since the 1970s, the springs have stopped flowing several times because too much water has been taken out from the aquifer for human consumption.
  The Baotu Spring is part of a cluster of about 20 named springs.
context_section_description: The Baotu Spring is located right to the southwest of the city center of Jinan, on the outer side of the old city moat and near the west end of Quancheng Road (Chinese: 泉城路; pinyin: Quán Chéng Lù); its street address is Baotu Spring South Road 1 (Chinese: 趵突泉南路 1号; pinyin: Bàotū Quán Nán Lù  1 háo), Jinan, Shandong.
caption: Goldfish
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