page_title: Four Crowned Martyrs
hierarchical_section_title: Four Crowned Martyrs
caption_attribution_description: English: The Four Crowned Saints. Statue commissioned by the Arte dei Maestri di Pietra e Legname (guild of wood and stone cutters). Orsanmichele, Florence. Français&#160;: Les Quatre saints couronnés. Statue commandée par l'arte dei Maestri di Pietra e Legname (guilde des tailleurs de bois et de pierre). Orsanmichele, Florence. Italiano: Tabernacolo dell'arte dei Maestri di Pietra e Legname, con Quattro Santi Coronati di Nanni di Banco. Orsanmichele, Firenze.
context_page_description: The designation Four Crowned Martyrs or Four Holy Crowned Ones refers to nine individuals venerated as martyrs and saints in Early Christianity. The nine saints are divided into two groups:
  Severus, Severian, Carpophorus, Victorinus
  Claudius, Castorius, Symphorian, Nicostratus, and Simplicius
  According to the Golden Legend, the names of the members of the first group were not known at the time of their death "but were learned through the Lord’s revelation after many years had passed." They were called the "Four Crowned Martyrs" because their names were unknown.
context_section_description: The designation Four Crowned Martyrs or Four Holy Crowned Ones (Latin, Sancti Quatuor Coronati) refers to nine individuals venerated as martyrs and saints in Early Christianity. The nine saints are divided into two groups:
  Severus (or Secundius), Severian(us), Carpophorus (Carpoforus), Victorinus (Victorius, Vittorinus)
  Claudius, Castorius, Symphorian (Simpronian), Nicostratus, and Simplicius
  According to the Golden Legend, the names of the members of the first group were not known at the time of their death "but were learned through the Lord’s revelation after many years had passed."  They were called the "Four Crowned Martyrs" because their names were unknown ("crown" referring to the crown of martyrdom).
caption: The Four Crowned Saints, Nanni di Banco, Orsanmichele, Florence, ca. 1415.
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