page_title: Cottingham, East Riding of Yorkshire
section_title: 1500–1850
hierarchical_section_title: Cottingham, East Riding of Yorkshire / History / 1500–1850
caption_attribution_description: English: Southwood Hall off Burton Road, Cottingham, East Riding of Yorkshire, England. This old hall is now surrounded by modern housing estates and it's very easy to drive past without noticing this interesting building set in its own grounds. It dates from the 17th. century and is the third oldest building and second oldest inhabited building in Cottingham. King Charles I is reputed to have stayed here after being refused entry to Hull in 1632.
context_page_description: Cottingham is a large village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England with slightly above average affluence. It lies just north-west of the city of Kingston upon Hull, and 3.5 miles from the city centre, and is part of the Hull urban area. Cottingham lies on the eastern edge of the Yorkshire Wolds with a parish population of over 17,000 in 2011. Cottingham is one of the villages claiming to be the largest village in England.
context_section_description: By 1661 the manor house of Southwood Hall had been built to the south-east of the village and is now designated a Grade II* listed building.  A schoolhouse was established in the village by John Wardle in around 1666, near to the churchyard. Wardle also established an almshouse adjacent to it, but died in 1668 before it was completed.
  In 1712 Mark Kirby left an endowment of land to support the school, renaming the school the Mark Kirby Free School. The church of Saint Mary had pinnacles added to the tower in the 18th century, which may have been strengthened in the same period, other additions included monuments to Ralph Burton (died 1768) and William Burton of Hotham (died 1764). A workhouse, now known as the 'Church House' adjacent to the church grounds was built in 1729 (later modified).
  A Georgian villa, later known as 'Kingtree House' was built on King Street around 1750 by Hull merchant Samuel Watson. The gardens were noted by Arthur Young on his tour of northern England (c. 1770).
  "At this place Mr. Watson has a pleasure-ground, which is very well worth seeing; it consists of shrubberies with winding walks, and the imitation of a meandering river through the whole..."
  — Arthur Young, A six months tour through the north of England.
  Snuff was manufactured in the south of the village in the 18th century; towards the end of the century a large mill owned by Quaker William Travis was producing 15 hundredweight of snuff per week. William Travis had a three storied house built in 1750 next to the mill.
  The road from Cottingham to Hull connected with the Hull to Beverley Road (turnpiked by Act of 1744) at Newland toll bar; it was turnpiked as an extension of the Hull to Beverley Road in 1764. A road from Beverley to Hessle, connecting with the Cottingham to Newlands turnpike received a turnpiking act in 1769.
  William Travis also acquired land on Thwaite Street in the 1770s and by 1795 had built Cottingham Hall, one of the largest dwellings in the village; it joined other substantial houses including Cottingham House (built pre 1744); Newgate House (built circa 1784); Eastgate House (begun 1776); Westfield (1778); 'Green Wickets' (formerly 'Sycamores', built c. 1780s); and Northgate House (later Northfields House, built 1780, extended in 1820). By the beginning of the 19th century it was noted as:
  ".. a favourite place of residence for the more opulent portion of the merchants of Hull, ... [with] ..many handsome country houses, gardens and pleasure-grounds."
  — Edward Baines, 
  The population of the village in 1792 was 1178 in 284 houses; in addition to being noted as a desirable place to live, the village was also noted as a centre of market gardening, supplying Hull. Other employment activities included two breweries, and a carpet factory (1811).
  Several notable houses and halls were constructed in and around Cottingham at around the turn of the 19th century: to the north-west of the village; Cottingham Grange (built 1801); and the nearby Harland Rise (built c. 1800); south-east of the village, on the road to Hull, Springfield House, (early 19th or last decade of the 18th century); within the village: Beech House on Northgate; and Thwaite House (built between 1803 and 1807).
  In 1814–6, Thomas Thompson (1754–1828) had a large Gothic house built on high ground about 1 mile (2 km) west of Cottingham, having acquired 54 acres (22 ha) of land in 1800; the house became known as Cottingham Castle. The house burnt down in 1861, although a folly tower is still extant. Thompson also paid for the reconstruction and expansion of a Wesleyan chapel in 1814, (original building built 1803) and was instrumental in the establishment of land set aside for poor families; in 1819 the parish officers reserved 12 acres (4.9 ha) of land, previously used to fund repairs for the church, for the use of twenty families. Originally named Pauper Village, it was renamed "New Village" in 1829.
  A chapel for the Independents (Zion Chapel) was established in 1819, replacing a pre-1800 Presbyterian building. The Chapel is now designated a Grade II* listed bu
caption: Southwood Hall, built c. 1660 (2007)
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