page_title: Ernest Stafford Carlos
section_title: Military service and death
hierarchical_section_title: Ernest Stafford Carlos / Military service and death
caption_attribution_description: English: Holy Cross, Hornchurch Road, Hornchurch - Window
context_page_description: Ernest Stafford Carlos was a British painter and war artist. He is best known for his works depicting the early days of the Scout Movement. He joined the British Army and was killed during the First World War.
context_section_description: At the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, Carlos volunteered for the Army, but was rejected on health grounds. He succeeded in his second application and became a private in the Queen's Westminster Rifles, but was commissioned into the 8th Battalion, The Buffs (East Kent Regiment) as a Lieutenant in 1916. Arriving in the Artois sector of the Western Front early in 1917, Carlos filled several notebooks with pen and watercolour sketches of life in and behind the trenches. At the end of May, his division began the move towards Ypres in preparation for an offensive, during which time he completed some twenty paintings with titles like On the Track of the Hun, Fires Burning at Ypres and Three Officers Playing Cards at Poperinghe. He was killed in action during the Battle of Messines on 14 or 15 June 1917 while his unit was assaulting a German held spoil heap near Zillebeke in Flanders, a feature that became known as "Buff's Bank".
  He is buried close to the battlefield at Chester Farm Commonwealth War Graves Commission Cemetery. His family's memorial to him is a window depicting The Pathfinder in stained glass at Holy Cross Church, Hornchurch.
  Several other churches across Britain have a Pathfinder stained glass window, as does one in Canada. In Greater Manchester, a Pathfinder window which was made for a Scout headquarters in 1924 as a war memorial was threatened when the building was sold;  in 2007 a public appeal raised £21,000 to have the window installed in Saint Gabriel's Church, Middleton.
caption: The memorial stained glass window to Carlos at Holy Cross Church, Hornchurch, inspired by The Pathfinder.
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