page_title: Bus manufacturing
section_title: Operator considerations
hierarchical_section_title: Bus manufacturing / Operator considerations
caption_attribution_description: English: A Reading Transport bus in orange and cream livery for routes 63 and 64. The bus is a Scania N230UD with East Lancashire Olympus body, registration mark YN08 HYR, fleet number 854.
context_page_description: Bus manufacturing, a sector of the automotive industry, manufactures buses and coaches.
context_section_description: Often, large operators with different types of buses will settle on a standard bus design for their fleet, to produce savings in maintenance and driver training. These operators may either sell off non-standard types, or consolidate them in one operating location.
  Operators are often concerned with the ease of replacement of consumable items, such as bulbs, and easily damaged parts, such as the lower panels of the body, or windows. This is to maximise the time in service for its buses, although now builders will offer whole life servicing contracts.
  Operators may also make decisions on a particular bus type or components based on the particular terrain operated in. Some hillier areas may select different powertrain options. Areas with many low-bridges may have more single deckers than double deckers. Operators in humid climates may select air-conditioning as standard. A particular difficulty with double-deckers is trees striking the kerb-side top front corner. Manufacturers, or operators - post delivery, may fit a bull bar type arrangement to protect this part of the bodywork.
caption: An East Lancs Olympus body with a tree protection bull-bar protecting the large upper deck front window
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