page_title: List of Russian scientists
section_title: Physicists
hierarchical_section_title: List of Russian scientists / Physicists
caption_attribution_description: English: Nikolai Yegorovich Zhukovsky, a Russian scientist, founding father of modern aero- and hydrodynamics (1847-1921) Русский: Николай Егорович Жуковский - выдающийся русский учёный
context_page_description: Karl Ernst von Baer, polymath naturalist, formulated the geological Baer's law on river erosion and embryological Baer's laws, founder of the Russian Entomological Society, co-founder of the Russian Geographical Society
  Alexander Borodin, chemist and composer, author of the famous opera Prince Igor, discovered Borodin reaction, co-discovered Aldol reaction
  Alexander Chizhevsky, interdisciplinary scientist, biophysicist, philosopher and artist, founder of heliobiology and modern air ionification, Russian cosmist
  Johann Gottlieb Georgi, naturalist, chemist, mineralogist, ethnographer and explorer, the first to describe omul fish of Baikal, published the first full-scale work on ethnography of indigenous peoples of Russia
context_section_description: Alexei Abrikosov, discovered how magnetic flux can penetrate a superconductor (the Abrikosov vortex), Nobel Prize winner
  Artem Alikhanian, a prominent researcher of cosmic rays, inventor of wide-gap track spark chamber
  Franz Aepinus, related electricity and magnetism, proved the electric nature of pyroelectricity, explained electric polarization and electrostatic induction, invented achromatic microscope
  Abraham Alikhanov, a prominent researcher of cosmic rays, built the first nuclear reactors in the USSR
  Zhores Alferov, inventor of modern heterotransistor, Nobel Prize winner
  Semen Altshuler, researched EPR and NMR, predicted acoustic paramagnetic resonance
  Lev Artsimovich, builder of the first tokamak, researcher of high temperature plasma
  Gurgen Askaryan, predicted self focusing of light, discovered Askaryan effect in particle physics
  Nikolay Basov, physicist, co-inventor of laser and maser, Nobel Prize winner
  Nikolay Bogolyubov, mathematician and theoretical physicist, co-developed the BBGKY hierarchy, formulated a microscopic theory of superconductivity, suggested a triplet quark model, introduced a new quantum degree of freedom (color charge)
  Gersh Budker, inventor of electron cooling, co-inventor of collider
  Sergey Chaplygin, a founder of aero- and hydrodynamics, formulated the Chaplygin's equations and Chaplygin gas concept
  Pavel Cherenkov, discoverer of Cherenkov radiation, Nobel Prize winner
  Yuri Denisyuk, inventor of 3D holography
  Ludvig Faddeev, discoverer of Faddeev–Popov ghosts and Faddeev equations in quantum physics
  Georgy Flyorov, nuclear physicist, one of the initiators of the Soviet atomic bomb project, co-discoverer of seaborgium and bohrium, founder of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research
  Vladimir Fock, developed the Fock space, Fock state and the Hartree–Fock method in quantum mechanics
  Ilya Frank, explained the phenomenon of Cherenkov radiation, Nobel Prize winner
  Vsevolod Frederiks (Fréedericksz), discovered the Fréedericksz transition, the Fréedericksz critical field in liquid crystals
  Yakov Frenkel, introduced the notion of electron hole, discovered the Frenkel defect of a crystal lattice, described the Poole–Frenkel effect in solid-state physics
  George Gamow, explained alpha decay as quantum tunneling, developed theories of the Big Bang, nucleosynthesis and offered explanation of foundations of molecular genetics
  Andre Geim, inventor of graphene, developer of gecko tape, Nobel Prize winner and at the same time Ig Nobel Prize winner for diamagnetic levitation of a living frog
  Vitaly Ginzburg, co-author of the Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity, a developer of hydrogen bomb, Nobel Prize winner
  Vladimir Gribov, introduced pomeron, DGLAP equations and Gribov ambiguity
  Aleksandr Gurevich, author of the runaway breakdown theory of lightning
  Abram Ioffe, founder of the Soviet physics school, tutor of many prominent scientists
  Dmitri Ivanenko, proposed the first models of nuclear shell and exchange of nuclear forces, predicted the synchrotron radiation, the author of the hypothesis of quark stars
  Boris Jacobi, formulated the Maximum power theorem in electrical engineering, invented electroplating, electrotyping, galvanoplastic sculpture and electric boat
  Pyotr Kapitsa, originated the techniques for creating ultrastrong magnetic fields, co-discovered a way to measure the magnetic field of an atomic nucleus discovered superfluidity, Nobel Prize winner
  Yuly Khariton, chief designer of the Soviet atomic bomb, co-developer of the Tsar Bomb
  Orest Khvolson, the first to study the Chwolson ring effect of gravitational lensing
  Sergey Krasnikov, developer of the Krasnikov tube, a speculative mechanism for space travel
  Igor Kurchatov, builder of the first nuclear power plant, developer of the first nuclear reactors for surface ships
  Dmitry Lachinov, physicist, electrical engineer, inventor, meteorologist and climatologist
  Lev Landau, theoretical physicist, developed the Ginzburg–Landau theory of superconductivity, explained the Landau damping in plasma physics, pointed out the Landau pole in quantum e
caption: Zhukovsky
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