page_title: Mahmud Pasha Angelović
section_title: Life
hierarchical_section_title: Mahmud Pasha Angelović / Life
caption_attribution_description: Српски / srpski: У оквиру радова на ревитализацији Голубачке тврђаве, од почетка септембра до почетка децембра 2014. године, извршена су археолошка истраживања на простору турског хамама, смештеном у Западном подграђу. Неком пуком срећом, како је забележено у изворима, наредба кнеза Милоша да се хамам поруши није остварена. Када је Феликс Каниц 1859. године прошао кроз Голубац, забележио је да су се куполе раскошног здања распале, али да би се његове водоводне и грејне цеви, уз минималне трошкове, могле оспособити за поновну употребу. Током друге половине XX века просторије хамама служиле су као складиште експлозива предузећу ПИМ, те је због тога вршено преграђивање и наткривање хамама армираним бетонским плочама. Прве помене хамама испред Голубачке тврђаве налазимо код турског путописца из XVII века, Евлије Челебије, у његовом делу ,,Сејахатнаме’’. Челебија нас обавештава да је Коџа Махмуд-паша, за време владе султана Мехмеда II Освајача (1451-1481), у августу месецу 1458. године, освојио Голубачку тврђаву и да је убрзо након тога изградио своје задужбине, хамам и џамију. Према изворима, овај хамам је, заједно са дућанима, 1546. године његовом цариградском вакуфу доносио приход од 800 акчи. Откривени голубачки хамам спада у ред једноструких хамама, односно био је намењен пре свега мушкарцима. Грађен је од притесаног камена и опека. Просторије хамама биле су наткривене калотама и полукалотама које су имале отворе са функцијом светларника. Вода у хамам допремана је керамичким цевима са оближњег извора лоцираног 200м јужно од грађевине. Испод нивоа пода је хипокауст. Голубачки хамам има девет просторија: шадрван или чекаоницу, капалук-топлију просторију за одмор после купања или чекаоницу у зимском периоду, мејдан-предворје просторија за купање, халвате-две идентичне просторије за топло и хладно купање, хазну - цистерну за воду и ћулхан, односно ложионицу. English: Within the works on the revitalization of the Golubac fortress, from the beginning of September to the beginning of December 2014, archaeological research was carried out in the area of ​​the Turkish hamam, located near the Western part of the fortress. By unknown reason, the order of Prince Miloš to destroy the hamam was not realized. When Felix Kanic passed through Golubac in 1859, he noted that the dome of the sumptuous building had fallen apart, but that the water and heating pipes, with minimal costs, would be able to be re-used. During the second half of the 20th century, the hamam chambers served as an explosive storage facility for the PIM company, and for this reason, the hammam was reinforced with concrete plates. The first mentioning of the hamam in front of the Golubac fortress is found in the 17th century Turkish traveler and writer, Evliya Celebi, in his work "Seyahatname". Celebi informs us that Koca Mahmud-pasha, during the rule of Sultan Mehmed II the Conqueror (1451-1481), in August of 1458 conquered the Golubac fortress and soon after that he built his endowments, hamam and mosque. &#160;&#160;&#160;The discovered hamam belongs to the order of male hamams, since it was intended primarily for men. It was built of quarried stone and bricks. The hamam rooms were covered with calotas and semicolons that had holes with the function of a skylight. Water in hamam was supplied with ceramic tubes from a nearby spring located 200m south of the building. Below the floor level is a hypocast. The Golubac hamam has nine rooms: a chaplain or a waiting room, a warm room for a rest after a bath or a waiting room in the winter, a lounge-lobby of the bathing rooms, halates-two identical rooms for warm and cold bathing, a khazneh - water tank, or a furnace.
context_page_description: Mahmud Pasha Angelović was the Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire from 1456 to 1466 and again from 1472 to 1474, who also wrote Persian and Turkish poems under the pseudonym Adni.
  Born in Kosovo, he was a descendant of the Byzantine Angelos family that had left Thessaly in 1394. As a child, he was given to the Ottomans according to the devşirme system and raised as a Muslim in Edirne. A capable soldier, he was married to a daughter of Sultan Mehmed II. After distinguishing himself at the Siege of Belgrade, he was raised to the position of Grand Vizier as a reward, succeeding Zaganos Pasha. Throughout his tenure, he led armies or accompanied Mehmed II on his own campaigns.
context_section_description: Mahmud Pasha was a capable soldier. After distinguishing himself at the Siege of Belgrade (1456), he was raised to the position of Grand Vizier as a reward, succeeding Zaganos Pasha. Throughout his tenure he led armies or accompanied Mehmed II on his own campaigns.
  In 1458, the Serbian Despot Lazar Branković died. Mahmud's brother Mihailo became member of a collective regency, but he was soon deposed by the anti-Ottoman and pro-Hungarian faction in the Serbian court. In reaction, Mahmud attacked and seized Smederevo Fortress, although the citadel held out, and seized some additional strongholds in its vicinity. Threatened by a possible Hungarian intervention however he was forced to withdraw south and join the forces of Sultan Mehmed II at Skopje. In 1461, he accompanied Mehmed in his campaign against the Empire of Trebizond, the last surviving fragment of the Byzantine Empire. Mahmud negotiated the surrender of the city of Trebizond with the protovestiarios, the scholar George Amiroutzes, who was also his cousin.
  In 1463, Mahmud led the invasion and conquest of the Kingdom of Bosnia, even though a peace treaty between Bosnia and the Ottomans had just been renewed. He captured the Bosnian king, Stephen Tomašević, at Ključ, and obtained from him the cession of the country to the Empire.
  Angelović accompanied Mehmed II when he attacked Albania Veneta in the summer of 1467, and ravaged the lands. For 15 days he pursued Skanderbeg, who was a Venetian ally at the time, but failed to find him, as Skanderbeg retreated into the mountains and then succeeded in fleeing to the coast. According to Tursun Beg and Ibn Kemal, Angelović swam over Bojana, attacked Venetian-controlled Scutari, and plundered the surrounding area.
  Mahmud was dismissed in 1468 due to the machinations of his successor, Rum Mehmed Pasha, ostensibly due to irregularities regarding the resettlement of the Karamanids in Constantinople following the conquest of Karaman earlier in that year. He was reinstated in 1472, but his relations with the Sultan were now strained. He was dismissed and executed in 1474, allegedly because of Mehmed's son, prince Mustafa. Mahmud had been at loggerheads with Mustafa after divorcing his second wife for spending a night in the same house as Mustafa during Mahmud's absence on campaign in 1473. Mustafa's death later in 1474 was even attributed by later accounts to poisoning by Mahmud.
caption: Remains of Mahmud Pasha hamam at Lower Town of Golubac Fortress.
exif: {"Image ImageDescription": "", "Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon PowerShot SX60 HS", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2018:09:01 13:51:01", "Image Artist": "", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image Copyright": "", "Image ExifOffset": "396", "GPS GPSVersionID": "[2, 3, 0, 0]", "Image GPSInfo": "6702", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "19444", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "5548", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/800", "EXIF FNumber": "4", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "125", "EXIF SensitivityType": "Standard Output Sensitivity and Recommended Exposure Index", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0230", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2018:09:01 13:51:01", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2018:09:01 13:51:01", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "309/32", "EXIF ApertureValue": "4", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "113/32", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "19/5", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3264", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2448", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "3264", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "2448", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "6592", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "1088000/81", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "1224000/91", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF CameraOwnerName": ""}