page_title: Demographics of China
section_title: Demographic statistics
hierarchical_section_title: Demographics of China / Demographic statistics
caption_attribution_description: English: A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends. Українська: Віково-статева піраміда населення Китаю за 2015 рік. Вона дає наочне уявлення про вікову і статеву структура населення країни, може слугувати джерелом інформації про політичну і соціальну стабільність, економічний розвиток. Блакитними кольорами ліворуч, у вигляді горизонтальних смуг показані вікові групи (по 5 років кожна) чоловічої статі, праворуч рожевими&#160;— жіночої. Наймолодші вікові групи&#160;— внизу, найстаріші&#160;— вгорі. Форма піраміди поступово еволюціонує з плином часу під впливом чинників народжуваності, смертності і світової міграції.
context_page_description: The demographics of China demonstrate a large population with a relatively small youth component, partially a result of China's one-child policy. China's population reached 1 billion in 1982.
  As of November 2019, China's population stood at 1.394 billion, the largest of any country in the world. According to the 2010 census, 91.51% of the population was Han Chinese, and 8.49% were minorities. China's population growth rate is only 0.59%, ranking 159th in the world. China conducted its sixth national population census on 1 November 2010. Unless otherwise indicated, the statistics on this page pertain to mainland China only; see also Demographics of Hong Kong and Demographics of Macau.
context_section_description: Demographic statistics according to the World Population Review.
  One birth every 2 seconds
  One death every 3 seconds
  One net migrant every 2 minutes
  Net gain of one person every 6 seconds
  The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.
  No statistics have been included for areas currently governed by the Republic of China (Taiwan). Unless stated otherwise, statistics refer only to mainland China. (See Demographics of Hong Kong and Demographics of Macau.)
  Population
  Mainland only: 1,379,302,771 (2015)
  Hong Kong: 7,191,503 (2015)
  Macau: 601,969 (2015)
  Total: 1,387,096,243 (2015).
  Population rank: 1 (See List of countries by population.)
  Urban-rural ratio
  Urban: 55.8% (2015) – 779,478,624
  Rural: 44.2% (2015) – 617,549,929
  Age structure
  0–14 years: 17.2% (male 127,484,177/female 109,113,241)
  15–24 years: 12.8% (male 94,215,607/female 82,050,623)
  25–54 years: 48.5% (male 341,466,438/female 327,661,460)
  55–64 years: 10.8% (male 74,771,050/female 73,441,177)
  65 years and over: 10.8% (male 71,103,029/female 77,995,969) (2017 est.)
  0–14 years: 17.2% (2015)
  15–64 years: 72.0% (2015)
  65 years and: 10.8% (2015)
  Median age
  total: 37.4 years Country comparison to the world: 67th
  male: 36.5 years
  female: 38.4 years (2017 est.)
  Population growth rate
  0.4% (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 160th
  Birth rate
  12.3 births/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 161st
  Death rate
  7.8 deaths/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 101st
  Net migration rate
  -0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2017 est.) Country comparison to the world: 121st
  Population growth rate
  Population growth rate: 0.6% (2016)
  Sex distribution
  Sex distribution: 104.98 (2016)
  Sex ratio
  At birth: 1.15 male(s)/female (2015)
  Under 15 years: 1.17 male(s)/female (2015)
  15–64 years: 1.08 male(s)/female (2015)
  65 years and over: 0.92 male(s)/female (2015)
  Total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2016)
  Infant mortality rate
  Total: 12.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est)
  Male: 12.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est)
  Female: 12.0 deaths/1,000 live births (2015 est)
  See Infant mortality in China
  Urbanization
  urban population: 59.2% of total population (2018)
  rate of urbanization: 2.4% annual rate of change (2015–20 est.)
  note: data do not include Hong Kong and Macau
  Life expectancy at birth
  Total population: 76.34 years (2015)
  Male: 73.64 years (2015)
  Female: 79.43 years (2015)
  Religious affiliation
  Predominantly: Mahayana Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism (via ancestral worship).
  Others: Christianity (3–4%), Islam (1.5%), ethnic minority religions, others.
  Note: State atheism, but traditionally pragmatic and eclectic.
  Sources:
caption: Age pyramid for China. Each box denotes a five-year age group, 
  starting with 0–5 years in the bottom box.
  Effects of the one-child policy result in smaller age cohorts in recent years.
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