page_title: List of German inventors and discoverers
section_title: G
hierarchical_section_title: List of German inventors and discoverers / G
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Johannes Gutenberg (139*-1468), Goldschmied; 16. Jahrhundert; 19:14 cm English: Johannes Gutenberg (139*-1468); Kupferstich; 16th century; 19:14 cm
context_page_description: This is a list of German inventors and discoverers. The following list comprises people from Germany or German-speaking Europe, and also people of predominantly German heritage, in alphabetical order of the surname.
context_section_description: Johann Galle: astronomer, discovery of planet Neptune
  Hermann Ganswindt: Inventor and spaceflight scientist, whose inventions (such as the dirigible, the helicopter, and the internal combustion engine) are thought to have been ahead of his time.
  Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss: German mathematician and physical scientist who contributed significantly to many fields, including number theory, statistics, analysis, differential geometry, geodesy, geophysics, electrostatics, astronomy and optics. Sometimes referred to as "the Prince of Mathematicians".
  Hans Geiger: Inventor of the Geiger–Müller counter in 1928. It detects the emission of nuclear radiation through the ionization produced in a low-pressure gas in a Geiger–Müller tube. Further improved by Walther Müller.
  Heinrich Geißler: Inventor of the Geissler tube.
  Reinhard Genzel: Astrophysicist, he and his group were the first to track the motions of stars at the centre of the Milky Way and show that they were orbiting a very massive object, probably a supermassive black hole.
  Walter Gerlach: Physicist who co-discovered spin quantization in a magnetic field, the Stern–Gerlach effect.
  Edmund Germer: Inventor of the neon lamp (Neonlampe).
  Max Giese: Inventor of the first concrete pump in 1928.
  Heinrich Göbel: Inventor of Hemmer for Sewing Machines, 1865, Vacuum Pump (Improvement of the Geissler-System of vacuum pumps, 1881 and Electric Incandescent Lamp (sockets to connect the filament of carbon and the conducting wires), 1882
  Kurt Gödel: Important discoveries in math and logic, such as the incompleteness theorems
  Maria Goeppert-Mayer: Physicist.  Nobel laureate in Physics 1963 for proposing the nuclear shell model of the atomic nucleus together with J. Hans D. Jensen. The unit for the two-photon absorption cross section is named the Goeppert-Mayer (GM) unit.
  Konrad Grebe: Coal-machine  (Kohlenhobel)
  Heinrich Greinacher: German-Swiss physicist. He is regarded as an original experimenter and is the developer of the magnetron and the Greinacher multiplier; Cockcroft-Walton-Generator in 1914.
  Brothers Grimm: Academic pioneers of philology, linguistics, and storytelling. Worked together on the most comprehensive dictionary of the German language Deutsches Wörterbuch. Jacob Grimm: Philologist and linguist. Described first what is now known as Grimm's law, the first scientific research into sound change in 1822.
  Georg Friedrich Grotefend: Deciphering of cuneiform
  Alexander Grothendieck: Mathematician and the central figure behind the creation of the modern theory of algebraic geometry; Fields Medalist (1966).
  Helmut Gröttrup: smart card (together with Jürgen Dethloff)
  Walter Gropius: Pioneer of modern architecture. Founder of the Bauhaus. First modern industrial building designed in 1910.
  Peter Grünberg: Physicist. Discovered giant magnetoresistance with Albert Fert. The discovery is used in gigabyte hard disk drives for computers. Nobel laureate 2007.
  Heinz Guderian: The father of modern mechanized warfare, inventor of the Blitzkrieg strategy.
  Otto von Guericke: Groundbreaking research into air pressure. Invented the vacuum pump in 1650.
  Beno Gutenberg: Together with American Charles Francis Richter he invented Richter magnitude scale.
  Johannes Gutenberg: Inventor of the technology of printing with movable type in 1439. The first book so printed was the Gutenberg Bible.
  Aristid von Grosse: He was able to isolate protactinium oxide and was later able to produce metallic protactinium by decomposition of protactinium iodide.
  Johann Rudolf Glauber: German-Dutch alchemist who was one of the first chemical engineers. His discovery of sodium sulfate in 1625 led to the compound being named after him: "Glauber's salt".
caption: Johannes Gutenberg in a 16th-century copper engraving
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