page_title: Julio de Urquijo e Ibarra
section_title: Vascólogo: organizer
hierarchical_section_title: Julio de Urquijo e Ibarra / Vascólogo: organizer
caption_attribution_description: Español: Diputación Foral de Vizcaya, Bilbao (País Vasco, España). English: Biscay foral council, at Bilbao (Basque Autonomous Community, Spain).
context_page_description: Julio de Urquijo e Ibarra, Count of Urquijo, in Basque self-styled as Julio Urkixokoa, was a Basque linguist, cultural activist, and a Spanish Carlist politician. As a Traditionalist deputy he twice served in the Cortes, during the terms of 1903-1905 and 1931-1933, though the climax of his political activity fell on the late Restoration period. As a scientist he was the moving spirit behind settting up numerous vascologist institutions, especially Revista Internacional de Estudios Vascos and Sociedad de Estudios Vascos. Himself he specialized in Basque paremiology and bibliography. He opposed academy-driven unification of Basque dialects and preferred to wait until standard Basque emerges naturally.
context_section_description: Urquijo was convinced that to be sustainable, vascólogia must assume a formal shape and strove to build a network of research institutions. In 1901 he co-founded Eskualzaleen Biltzarra, association aiming at promotion of Basque culture. At that time he was already harboring an idea of "Academia de la Lengua Vascongada" and influenced his older brother accordingly; the result was a 1906 initiative fathered by Adolfo Urquijo as head of the Biscay Diputacion, though it eventually came to nothing.
  In 1907 Urquijo used his own funds to found Revista Internacional de los Estudios Vascos. Formally he delegated editorial duties standing as owner and manager, though Urquijo remained its moving spirit, attracting a number of Spanish and foreign correspondents. Based in Paris, it was issued also in San Sebastián, as Urquijo realized that it had to be rooted in the Vascongadas. Its focus was initially on Basque linguistics and philology, later other areas gaining prominence. Its key role was introducing scientific standards, bringing foreign vascology to Spain, re-publishing historical Basque texts and broadening research to new fields. There were 27 volumes published until 1936 and RIEV soon outpaced other, usually ephemeral periodicals as the key platform of vascólogist scientific exchange.
  In 1908 Urquijo assumed presidency of Eskualzaleen Biltzarra and galvanized the association. When in 1911 the Gipuzkoan diputación decided to launch its own San Sebastián review promoting the Basque culture, Urquijo was among co-founders of Euskalerriaren Alde; he remained in its executive council and contributed until the periodical closed in 1931. Also in 1911 he was among initiators of the Bayonne-based Cercle d'Etudes Euskariennes and became its president, a short-lived initiative which endured until 1913.
  In 1918 Urquijo took part in Congress of Basque Studies in Oñati, which resulted in setting up Sociedad de Estudios Vascos, later known as Eusko Ikaskuntza. Some scholars claim that SEV reproduced the format of Basque studies shaped by RIEV; some maintain that SEV was simply born out of the RIEV. Urquijo became its vice-president and member of Language and Literature sections. The organization grew into key Basque cultural institution, eclipsing other vascólogist groupings. In 1919 SEV gave birth to Euskaltzaindia, Royal Academy of the Basque language; Urquijo became one of its 4 academics, Head of Research and Chief Librarian. In 1922 he ceded RIEV ownership to SEV and remained its manager.
  In late 1937 Urquijo entered newly established Nationalist RAE as its secretary, assuming "the second most important academic position" in the Francoist zone; during the first sitting of 1938 he swore loyalty to "Caudillo, Salvador de nuestro pueblo". Together with Azkue he worked to re-launch Euskaltzaindia. In 1941 the body was instituted again, though under new conditions; at verge of nervous breakdown Urquijo remained pessimistic as to the purpose and prospects of the institution. In 1943 Urquijo was among co-founders of Real Sociedad Bascongada de Amigos del País, becoming its chairman. The organization started issuing its review, Eusko Jakintza, in 1945 transformed into the Boletín of RSBAP; Urquijo became its manager.
caption: Biscay Diputacion site, Bilbao
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