page_title: Agriculture in Russia
section_title: Sectors
hierarchical_section_title: Agriculture in Russia / Sectors
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: Parcelle de Cabernet-Sauvignon en production dans la péninsule de Taman'
context_page_description: Agriculture in Russia survived a severe transition decline in the early 1990s as it struggled to transform from a command economy to a market-oriented system. Following the breakup of the Soviet Union in 1991, large collective and state farms – the backbone of Soviet agriculture – had to contend with the sudden loss of state-guaranteed marketing and supply channels and a changing legal environment that created pressure for reorganization and restructuring. In less than ten years, livestock inventories declined by half, pulling down demand for feed grains, and the area planted to grains dropped by 25%.
  The use of mineral fertilizer and other purchased inputs plummeted, driving yields down. Most farms could no longer afford to purchase new machinery and other capital investments. Following a nearly ten-year period of decline, Russian agriculture has experienced gradual ongoing improvement. The transition to a more market-oriented system has introduced an element of fiscal responsibility, which has resulted in increased efficiency as farmers try to maintain productivity while adjusting the resource constraints.
caption: Vineyard with grapes Cabernet Sauvignon on the Taman Peninsula, Krasnodar Krai
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