page_title: The World Development Report 2011
section_title: Chapter 4: Restoring confidence: Moving away from the brink
hierarchical_section_title: The World Development Report 2011 / Synopsis / Part 2: Lessons from national and international bodies / Chapter 4: Restoring confidence: Moving away from the brink
caption_attribution_description: English: United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan uploaded to the English Wikipedia by en:User:Hajor. Photograph copied from the website of Agência Brasil, which states: :The Agência Brasil makes images and photos available free of charge. To comply with existing law, we kindly request our users to list the credits as in the example: photographer's name/ABr. This photo appeared as 11160.jpg on 14.Nov.2003. The photo was downloaded, cropped, and resized by Hajor. Tiếng Việt: Kofi Annan nói chuyện với báo chí ở Roma trong một chuyến đi đến Ý trong tháng 4 năm 2004.
context_page_description: The 2011 World Development Report: Conflict, Security and Development is a document by the World Bank on the challenges organised violence poses to the advancement of less developed countries. The report finds that over the last 30 years poverty has been reduced for most of the world's population - but this is not the case for the estimated 1.5 billion people living in countries blighted by on-going conflict. Not one low income country suffering from on-going violence has achieved a single Millennium Development Goal. Once mass violence takes root in a society, it can take a generation or more to restore stability.
  Organised violence as defined by the report includes civil and inter-state war as well as the violence resulting from criminal activity, especially drug and human trafficking. The WDR does not address interpersonal and domestic violence, though it acknowledges they are also relevant to development.
  The report finds that overall mass conflict has become less prevalent over recent decades, with the average number of worldwide battle deaths dropping from 164,000 per year in the 1980s to only 42,000 in the 2000s.
context_section_description: Chapter four focuses on the ways previous efforts have successfully built trust as a prelude to instuitional transformation in countries such as Chile and Indonesia. Both case studies and previous academic work are used to show that while it is important to build  "inclusive enough" coalitions for positive change, they need not be all-inclusive, especially at the early stages of the process.  Signaling a clean break with the past is also emphasised as important, as is the early delivery of tangible results. The WDR shows that national leaders driving the process often enlist help from non state actors – from both the civil and international sector.
caption: Ghanaian diplomat and former head of the UN, Kofi Annan. Successful efforts within Ghana to overcome violence are discussed in chp 4.
exif: {}