page_title: Fourth-wave feminism in Spain
section_title: Tren de la Libertad
hierarchical_section_title: Fourth-wave feminism in Spain / History / Tren de la Libertad
caption_attribution_description: Español: El tren de la libertad. Una de las mayores movilizaciones del movimiento feminista en España, para reivindicar el derecho a decidir de las mujeres. Arrancó de Gijón hasta Madrid con parada en Valladolid.
context_page_description: Fourth-wave feminism in Spain is about digital participation in virtual spaces, encouraging debates and using collective force to enact change. It is about fighting patriarchal systems, denouncing violence against women, and discrimination and inequality faced by women. It is also about creating real and effective equality between women and men. It has several major themes, with the first and most important in a Spanish context being violence against women. Other themes include the abolition of prostitution, the condemnation of pornography, the support of legal abortion, the amplifying of women's voices, insuring mothers and fathers both have access to parental leave, opposition to surrogacy, and wage and economic parity.
  Major influences in this wave include Andrea Dworkin, Chilean feminist Andrea Franulic and works such as How to be a woman by Caitlin Moran, Room of One's Own by Virginia Woolf, The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir, We should all be feminists by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie, and El diario violeta de Carlota by Gemma Lienas.
context_section_description: Women took to the streets to protest the announcement by Partido Popular's Minister of Justice Alberto Ruiz-Gallardón of his intention to change Spain's abortion laws. Gallardón's proposal would have limited women's freedom to obtain a legal abortion.  The proposed changes would have allowed abortion only in cases involving pregnancy as a result of rape or when the physical or mental health of the mother was in danger.  It would have done away with the part of the law that allowed women to have abortion for any reason in the first fourteen weeks of her pregnancy. Opponents to the law believed the existing law gave women autonomy and freedom of conscience.  They characterized Gallardón's proposed modifications as "cynical" and "malevolent".
  The Tren de la Libertad was a feminist initiative.  Organizers included the Asturian feminist organization, Les Comadres. The actual train itself left from Gijón on 31 January 2014 arrived in Madrid on 1 February 2014 at 12am in Atocha. From there, protesters went to the Congreso de Diputados.  The initiative was so popular among Spanish feminists that one train was not enough, and women had to seek alternative transport options to the protest. Many men and women came out to protest in Madrid and other cities in Spain to protest these proposed changes.  This included convoys from  Asturias, Andalusia, the Canary Islands, Catalonia, the Valencian Community, Castilla-La Mancha, Extremadura, Galicia, Murcia, the Basque Country and France. On social media, opponents to the changed used the hashtag #mibomboesmio. In taking to the streets, some women were beaten by the police, who reacted with violence to their protests against the law.
  A manifesto by feminist philosopher and Les Comadres Feminist Tertulia member Alicia Miyares published by the collective sponsoring the train said in part, "Motherhood is protected in the following way: with information, with education, with health for all, and can access regulated training, employment, the economy, fair wages and decent jobs and positions of responsibility." Les Comrades spokesperson Begoña Piñero said of the planned march, "Women are free and we are ready to decide when we want to be a mother." 
  Gallardón's proposed changes turned into a political disaster for Partido Popular.  Three years of debate aimed at appeasing conservatives within its ranks led to no actual changes in the law, while serving to energize both Spain's center and left aligned political parties.  Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy eventually asked for and received Gallardón's resignation. Rajoy had miscalculated by allowing Gallardón to lead these efforts, choosing him over Minister of Health and Equality Ana Mato.  Some within Partido Popular would later hint that Rajoy had set up Gallardón to fail in order to insure his own leadership would not be challenged by taking out a potential contender.
caption: "Tren de la libertad" in Valladolid
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