page_title: Phosphorylation
hierarchical_section_title: Phosphorylation
caption_attribution_description: English: Phosporylation of a serine residue, before and after shot
context_page_description: In chemistry, phosphorylation of a molecule is the attachment of a phosphoryl group. Together with its counterpart, dephosphorylation, it is critical for many cellular processes in biology. Protein phosphorylation is especially important for their function; for example, this modification activates almost half of the enzymes present in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thereby regulating their function. Many proteins are phosphorylated temporarily, as are many sugars, lipids, and other biologically-relevant molecules.
context_section_description: In chemistry, phosphorylation of a molecule is the attachment of a phosphoryl group.  Together with its counterpart, dephosphorylation, it is critical for many cellular processes in biology. Protein phosphorylation is especially important for their function; for example, this modification activates (or deactivates) almost half of the enzymes present in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, thereby regulating their function. Many proteins (between 1/3 to 2/3 of the proteome in eukaryotes) are phosphorylated temporarily, as are many sugars, lipids, and other biologically-relevant molecules.
caption: Serine in an amino acid chain, before and after phosphorylation.
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