page_title: Goiânia
section_title: Vegetation
hierarchical_section_title: Goiânia / Geography / Vegetation
caption_attribution_description: Skyline_Goiânia-GO, Brazil
context_page_description: Goiânia is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Goiás. With a population of 1,466,105, it is the second-largest city in the Central-West Region and the 11th-largest in the country. Its metropolitan area has a population of 2,527,092, making it the 11th-largest in Brazil. With an area of approximately 739 square kilometres, it has a continuous geography with few hills and lowlands, with flat lands in most of its territory, especially the Meia Ponte River, in addition to Botafogo and Capim Puba streams.
  Goiânia has its origins as a planned city, founded on October 24, 1933 by then Governor Pedro Ludovico to serve as the new state capital and administrative center. Before this, the state capital was the town of Goiás.
  It is the second most populous city in the Central-West Region, only surpassed by the country's capital Brasília, located about 200 kilometers from Goiânia. The city is an important economic hub of the region and is considered a strategic center for such areas as industry, medicine, fashion and agriculture.
context_section_description: The "cerrado" landscape is characterized by extensive savanna formations crossed by gallery forests and stream valleys. Cerrado includes various types of vegetation. Humid fields and "buriti" palm paths are found where the water table is near the surface. Alpine pastures occur at higher altitudes and mesophytic forests on more fertile soils.
  More than 1600 species of mammals, birds and reptiles have been identified in the cerrado, including 180 reptile species, 113 amphibians, 837 birds and 195 mammals (WWF). Among the invertebrates, the most notable are the termites and the leaf-cutter ants ("saúvas"). They are the main herbivores of the cerrado, important to consuming and decomposing of organic matter, as well as constituting an important food source to many other animal species.
caption: Panorama of Goiânia.
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