page_title: Cart
section_title: Types of carts
hierarchical_section_title: Cart / Types of carts
caption_attribution_description: English: Żabbar Sanctuary Museum
context_page_description: A cart or dray is a vehicle designed for transport, using two wheels and normally pulled by one or a pair of draught animals. A handcart is pulled or pushed by one or more people.
  It is different from the flatbed trolley also known as a dray, or wagon, which is a heavy transport vehicle with four wheels and typically two or more horses, or a carriage, which is used exclusively for transporting humans.
  Over time, the term "cart" has come to mean nearly any small conveyance, including shopping carts, golf carts, and UTVs, without regard to number of wheels, load carried, or means of propulsion.
  The draught animals used for carts may be horses, donkeys or mules, oxen, and even smaller animals such as goats or large dogs.
context_section_description: Larger carts may be drawn by animals, such as horses, mules, or oxen. They have been in continuous use since the invention of the wheel, in the 4th millennium BC. Carts may be named for the animal that pulls them, such as horsecart or oxcart. In modern times, horsecarts are used in competition while draft horse showing. A dogcart, however, is usually a cart designed to carry hunting dogs: an open cart with two cross-seats back to back; the dogs could be penned between the rear-facing seat and the back end.
  The term "cart" (synonymous in this sense with chair) is also used for various kinds of lightweight, two-wheeled carriages, some of them sprung carts (or spring carts), especially those used as open pleasure or sporting vehicles. They could be drawn by a horse, pony or dog. Examples include:
  cocking cart: short-bodied, high, two-wheeled, seat for a groom behind the box; for tandem driving
  dead cart to carry victims of the plague
  dogcart: light, usually one horse, commonly two-wheeled and high, two transverse seats set back to back
  donkey cart: underslung axle, two lengthwise seats; also called pony cart, tub-cart
  float: a dropped axle to give an especially low loadbed, for carrying heavy or unstable items such as milk churns. The name survives today as a milkfloat.
  governess cart: light, two-wheeled, entered from the rear, body partly or wholly of wickerwork, seat for two persons along each side; also called governess car, tub-cart
  ralli cart: light, two-wheeled, horse-drawn, for two persons facing forward, or four, two facing forward and two rearward.  The seat is adjustable fore-and-aft to keep the vehicle balanced for two or four people.
  stolkjaerre: two-wheeled, front seat for two, rear seat for the driver; used in Norway
  tax cart: spring cart, formerly subject to a small tax in England; also called taxed cart
  Whitechapel cart: spring cart, light, two-wheeled, especially for family or light delivery service
  Pushcart, a cart that is pushed by one or more persons:
  Baggage cart, pushed by travelers to carry individual luggage
  Serving cart, also known as pushcart or go-cart, is a handcart used for serving:
  Food cart, a mobile kitchen that is set up on the street to facilitate the sale and marketing of street food to people from the local pedestrian traffic.
  Food service cart, also named serving trolley, for serving the food in a restaurant
  Pastry cart, for serving pastry
  Tea cart, also named teacart, tea trolley and tea wagon, for serving tea or other drinks
  The builder of a cart may be known as a cartwright; the surname "Carter" also derives from the occupation of transporting goods by cart or wagon.
  Carts have many different shapes, but the basic idea of transporting material (or maintaining a collection of materials in a portable fashion) remains. Carts may have a pair of shafts, one along each side of the draught animal that supports the forward-balanced load in the cart. The shafts are supported by a saddle on the horse. Alternatively (and normally where the animals are oxen or buffalo), the cart may have a single pole between a pair of animals.  The draught traces attach to the axle of the vehicle or to the shafts. The traces are attached to a collar (on horses), to a yoke (on other heavy draught animals) or to a harness on dogs or other light animals.
  Traces are made from a range of materials depending on the load and frequency of use. Heavy draught traces are made from iron or steel chain. Lighter traces are often leather and sometimes hemp rope, but plaited horse-hair and other similar decorative materials can be used.
  The dray is often associated with the transport of barrels, particularly of beer.
  Of the cart types not animal-drawn, perhaps the most common example today is the shopping cart (British English: shopping trolley), which has also come to have a metaphorical meaning in relation to online purchases (here, British English uses the metaphor of the shopping basket). Shopping carts first made their appearance in Oklahoma City in 1937.
  In golf, both manual push or pull and electric golf trolleys are des
caption: Cart to carry the victims of the 1813 plague in Malta, at the Żabbar Sanctuary Museum
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