page_title: Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
section_title: Administration
hierarchical_section_title: Taiping Heavenly Kingdom / Administration
caption_attribution_description: English: Heavely king Hong Xiuquan's throne at Hong Xiuquan memorial hall in Nanjing. 中文（简体）‎: 南京太平天国纪念馆天王宝座。
context_page_description: The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, later shortened to Heavenly Kingdom or Heavenly Dynasty, was an unrecognized oppositional state in China and Christian-Shenic theocratic absolute monarchy from 1851 to 1864, supporting the overthrow of the Qing dynasty by Hong Xiuquan and his followers. The unsuccessful war it waged against the Qing is known as the Taiping Rebellion. Its capital was at Tianjing.
  A syncretic mystic called Hong Xiuquan led an army that controlled a significant part of southern China during the middle of the 19th century, eventually expanding to a size of nearly 30 million people. The rebel kingdom announced social reforms and the establishment of God Worshipping Society, holding that he was the second son of Shangdi and the younger brother of Jesus. The Taiping areas were besieged by Qing forces throughout most of the rebellion. The Qing government defeated the rebellion with the eventual aid of French and British forces.
context_section_description: The Heavenly King was the highest position in the Heavenly Kingdom. The sole people to hold this position were Hong Xiuquan and his son Hong Tianguifu:
  Ranked below the "King of Heaven" Hong Xiuquan, the territory was divided among provincial rulers called kings or princes; initially there were five – the Kings of the Four Cardinal Directions and the Flank King). Of the original rulers, the West King and South King were killed in combat in 1852. The East King was murdered by the North King during a coup in 1856, and the North King himself was subsequently killed. The Kings' names were:
  South King (南王), Feng Yunshan (died 1852)
  East King (東王), Yang Xiuqing (died 1856)
  West King (西王), Xiao Chaogui (died 1852)
  North King (北王), Wei Changhui (died 1856)
  Flank King (翼王), Shi Dakai (captured and executed by Qing forces in 1863)
  The later leaders of the movement were 'Princes':
  Zhong Prince (忠王), Li Xiucheng (1823 – 1864, captured and executed by Qing forces)
  Ying Prince (英王), Chen Yucheng (1837 – 1862)
  Gan Prince (干王), Hong Rengan (1822 – 1864; cousin of Hong Xiuquan, executed)
  Jun Prince (遵王), Lai Wenkwok (1827 – 1868)
  Fu Prince (福王), Hong Renda (洪仁達; Hong Xiuquan's second-eldest brother; executed by Qing forces in 1864)
  Tian Gui (田貴; executed in 1864)
  Other princes include:
  An Prince (安王), Hong Renfa (洪仁發), Hong Xiuquan's eldest brother
  Yong Prince (勇王), Hong Rengui (洪仁貴)
  Fu Prince (福王), Hong Renfu (洪仁富)
  Leaders of concurrent rebellions were similarly granted the title of King, such Lan Chaozhu, a leader in the Li Yonghe rebellion in Sichuan.
  In the later years of the Taiping Rebellion, the territory was divided among many, for a time into the dozens, of provincial rulers called princes, depending on the whims of Hong.
  Captured areas in Jiangsu were called “Sufu Province”.
caption: The Heavenly King's throne in Nanjing
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