page_title: MOSFET applications
section_title: Types of MOS memory
hierarchical_section_title: MOSFET applications / MOS memory / Types of MOS memory
caption_attribution_description: English: A SanDisk-brand USB thumb drive, SanDisk Cruzer Micro, 4GB.
context_page_description: The metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor, also known as the metal–oxide–silicon transistor, is a type of insulated-gate field-effect transistor that is fabricated by the controlled oxidation of a semiconductor, typically silicon. The voltage of the covered gate determines the electrical conductivity of the device; this ability to change conductivity with the amount of applied voltage can be used for amplifying or switching electronic signals. The MOSFET was invented by Egyptian engineer Mohamed M. Atalla and Korean engineer Dawon Kahng at Bell Labs in 1959. It is the basic building block of modern electronics, and the most frequently manufactured device in history, with an estimated total of 13 sextillion MOSFETs manufactured between 1960 and 2018.
  The MOSFET is the most common semiconductor device in digital and analog circuits, and the most common power device. It was the first truly compact transistor that could be miniaturised and mass-produced for a wide range of uses, revolutionizing the electronics industry and the world economy, having been central to the computer revolution, digital revolution, information revolution, silicon age and information age.
context_section_description: There are various different types of MOS memory. The following list includes various different MOS memory types.
  Analog memory — analog storage
  BIOS storage — nonvolatile BIOS memory (CMOS memory)
  Cache memory — CPU cache
  Digital memory — digital storage
  Floating-gate memory — non-volatile memory, EPROM, EEPROM
  Flash memory — solid-state drive (SSD), memory cards (such as SD card and microSD), USB flash drive, charge trap flash (CTF)
  Memory cells — memory chips, data storage, data buffer, code storage, embedded logic, embedded memory, main memory
  Memory registers — shift register
  Random-access memory (RAM) — static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), eDRAM, eSRAM, non-volatile RAM (NVRAM), FeRAM, PCRAM, ReRAM
  Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM) — DDR SDRAM (double data rate SDRAM), RDRAM, XDR DRAM
  Read-only memory (ROM) — mask ROM (MROM) and programmable ROM (PROM)
caption: USB flash drive. It uses flash memory, a type of MOS memory consisting of floating-gate MOSFET memory cells.
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