page_title: Leo Tolstoy
hierarchical_section_title: Leo Tolstoy
caption_attribution_description: English: "Lev Tolstoy in Yasnaya Polyana", 1908, the first color photo portrait in Russia. Français&#160;: «&#160;Léon Tolstoï à Iasnaïa Poliana&#160;», 1908, le premier portrait photographique en couleur en Russie. Polski: „Lew Tołstoj w Jasnej Polanie”, 1908, pierwsza barwna fotografia portretowa w Rosji. Русский: Л.Н. Толстой в рост, голова фас, корпус – 3/4 влево, в голубой блузе, серых брюках и чёрных сапогах. Сидит в парке в плетёном кресле нога на ногу, правая рука лежит на подлокотнике кресла, левая – на коленях. На втором плане деревья парка. Suomi: "Leo Tolstoi Jasnaja Poljanassa", 1908. Ensimmäinen Venäjällä otettu värimuotokuva. Svenska: "Lev Tolstoj i Jasnaja Poljana", fotograferat 1908 av Sergej Prokudin-Gorskij, och sålunda det första färgfotografiska porträttet i Ryssland. Português: "Liev Tolstói em Yasnaya Polyana", 1908, o primeiro retrato colorido na Rússia.
context_page_description: Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy, usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. He received multiple nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1902 to 1906 and nominations for Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, 1902 and 1910 and the fact that he never won is a major Nobel prize controversy.
  Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, he is best known for the novels War and Peace and Anna Karenina, often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, Childhood, Boyhood, and Youth, and Sevastopol Sketches, based upon his experiences in the Crimean War. Tolstoy's fiction includes dozens of short stories and several novellas such as The Death of Ivan Ilyich, Family Happiness, and Hadji Murad. He also wrote plays and numerous philosophical essays.
  In the 1870s Tolstoy experienced a profound moral crisis, followed by what he regarded as an equally profound spiritual awakening, as outlined in his non-fiction work A Confession.
context_section_description: Count Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy (/ˈtoʊlstɔɪ, ˈtɒl-/; Russian: Лев Николаевич Толстой, tr. Lev Nikoláyevich Tolstóy; [lʲef nʲɪkɐˈlaɪvʲɪtɕ tɐlˈstoj] (listen); 9 September [O.S. 28 August] 1828 –  20 November [O.S. 7 November] 1910), usually referred to in English as Leo Tolstoy, was a Russian writer who is regarded as one of the greatest authors of all time. He received multiple nominations for the Nobel Prize in Literature every year from 1902 to 1906 and nominations for Nobel Peace Prize in 1901, 1902 and 1910 and the fact that he never won is a major Nobel prize controversy.
  Born to an aristocratic Russian family in 1828, he is best known for the novels War and Peace (1869) and Anna Karenina (1877), often cited as pinnacles of realist fiction. He first achieved literary acclaim in his twenties with his semi-autobiographical trilogy, Childhood, Boyhood, and Youth (1852–1856), and Sevastopol Sketches (1855), based upon his experiences in the Crimean War. Tolstoy's fiction includes dozens of short stories and several novellas such as The Death of Ivan Ilyich (1886), Family Happiness (1859), and Hadji Murad (1912). He also wrote plays and numerous philosophical essays.
  In the 1870s Tolstoy experienced a profound moral crisis, followed by what he regarded as an equally profound spiritual awakening, as outlined in his non-fiction work A Confession (1882). His literal interpretation of the ethical teachings of Jesus, centering on the Sermon on the Mount, caused him to become a fervent Christian anarchist and pacifist. Tolstoy's ideas on nonviolent resistance, expressed in such works as The Kingdom of God Is Within You (1894), had a profound impact on such pivotal 20th-century figures as Mahatma Gandhi and Martin Luther King Jr. Tolstoy also became a dedicated advocate of Georgism, the economic philosophy of Henry George, which he incorporated into his writing, particularly Resurrection (1899).
caption: Tolstoy on 23 May 1908 at Yasnaya Polyana,[1] photo by Sergey Prokudin-Gorsky
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