page_title: Mars One
section_title: 2013 robotic lander
hierarchical_section_title: Mars One / Initial mission concept / 2013 robotic lander
caption_attribution_description: English: An artist's rendition of the Phoenix Mars probe during landing. The sophisticated landing system on Phoenix allows the spacecraft to touch down within 10 kilometres (6.2&#160;mi) of the targeted landing area. Thrusters are started when the lander is 570 metres (1,870&#160;ft) above the surface. The navigation system is capable of detecting and avoiding hazards on the surface of Mars.
context_page_description: Mars One was a small private Dutch organization that received money from investors by claiming it would use it to land the first humans on Mars and leave them there to establish a permanent human colony. From its announcement in 2012 to its bankruptcy in early 2019, it is estimated to have received tens of millions of dollars. The organization was not an aerospace company and did not manufacture hardware.
  Mars One consisted of two entities: the not-for-profit Mars One Foundation, and the for-profit company Mars One Ventures which was the controlling stockholder of the for-profit Interplanetary Media Group that also managed the broadcasting rights. The Mars One Foundation, based in the Netherlands, managed the project. The small organization had four employees, and intended to make profits by selling media about the personnel selection, training and colonization. The first mission was estimated by its CEO Bas Lansdorp to cost about 6 billion dollars as of the 2010s.
  The concept had been criticized by scientists, engineers, and those in the aerospace industry as glossing over logistics and medical concerns, and lacking critical concepts about hardware.
context_section_description: In December 2013, mission concept studies for a robotic Mars lander were contracted with Lockheed Martin for a demonstration mission concept. It would be based on the design of the successful 2007 NASA Phoenix lander, and provide proof of concept for a subset of the key technologies for a later human settlement on Mars. Upon submission of Lockheed Martin's Proposal Information Package, Mars One released a Request for Proposals for the various payloads on the lander. The total payload mass of 44 kg was divided among the seven payloads as follows:
  Water extraction (10 kg)
  Soil acquisition (15 kg)
  Thin film solar power demonstrator (6 kg)
  Camera system (5 kg)
  Open for random proposals from the highest bidder (4 kg)
  Educational payload (2 kg)
  Winning university experiment (2 kg)
caption: Artist's impression of the NASA Phoenix spacecraft as it lands on Mars
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