page_title: Carlos López Bustamante
section_title: Publishing career
hierarchical_section_title: Carlos López Bustamante / Publishing career
caption_attribution_description: Español: Ejemplar del diario "EL Fonógrafo" durante la Primera Guerra Mundial
context_page_description: Carlos Arturo López Bustamante was a Venezuelan journalist. He was born in Maracaibo, Venezuela in 1890 and died in Chicago, USA in 1950. He was known for his fierce opposition to the dictator Juan Vicente Gómez from the pages of Diario El Fonógrafo newspaper. López Bustamante was the son of journalist Eduardo López Rivas, editor and owner of the Maracaibo newspaper, Diario El Fonógrafo, the magazine El Zulia ilustrado and the publishing house Imprenta Americana. His mother was Doña Carmen Bustamante López, niece of Venezuelan physician Francisco Eugenio Bustamante and a descendant of General Rafael Urdaneta. Doña Carmen died when Carlos was only a child.
context_section_description: The López publications were published in Maracaibo's Imprenta Americana, one of the most modern typographic workshops on the continent at the time. In printing workshops López Bustamante learned printing and binding techniques and everything related to the handling of activities that were done in the famous publishing house. This occurred while he was studying in high school, accompanied by the learning of various languages, instructed by private tutors who came to the residence of Don Eduardo López Rivas for tutoring for his children.
  He gradually became involved in the work of the newspaper, in national and international information, in the management of cables and telegraphs and in everything related to the development of a contemporary newspaper. At the age of twenty, Carlos López Bustamante was a trained journalist and mastered the most modern printing techniques of the time. The publishing house of López Rivas was one of the most advanced in the Americas and had won many national and international awards.
  The turning point in his career occurred after the death of his father. His older brother Eduardo López Bustamante, director of El Fonógrafo, decided to open a simultaneous edition of the newspaper in Caracas. Carlos then moved to the capital city with his family to take charge of the Caracas issue. This event opened a bright stage in the career of the young journalist and wrote the final pages of the story of El Fonógrafo, which had circulated for nearly four decades.
  At 27 years old, and in just a few months, Carlos López Bustamante became one of the most popular journalists in the capital. The newspaper El Fonógrafo was the most requested by audiences in Caracas since, among other things, it was a bastion of freedom, a Venezuelan news media not bent towards Juan Vicente Gómez dictatorship like many others.
caption: Edition of "El Fonógrafo" in August 1917
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