page_title: Universal power
hierarchical_section_title: Universal power
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: &#160; Kaiser Otto d. I. begegnet Papst Johannes XII. Werkstatt des Diebold Lauber, unbekannter Künstler, um 1450 Zeichnung (ganzseitig), ungerahmt, Feder &amp; koloriert, Wasserfarbe &amp; Deckfarbe Kaiser Otto I. läuft mit offenen Armen auf Papst Johannes XII. zu, der ihn ebenso empfängt. Hinter dem Kaiser steht ein Höfling, der sich an den Hut greift, hinter dem Papst ein Kardinal.
context_page_description: In the Middle Ages, the term universal power referred to the Holy Roman Emperor and the Pope. Both were struggling for the so-called dominium mundi, or world dominion, in terms of political and spiritual supremacy.
  The universal powers continued into the early 19th century until the Napoleonic Wars. The reshaping of Europe meant the effective end of the Empire. Although the Papacy had its territorial limits confined to the Vatican, it retained its soft power in the contemporary world.
context_section_description: In the Middle Ages, the term universal power referred to the Holy Roman Emperor and the Pope. Both were struggling for the so-called dominium mundi, or world dominion, in terms of political and spiritual supremacy.
  The universal powers continued into the early 19th century until the Napoleonic Wars. The reshaping of Europe meant the effective end of the Empire. Although the Papacy had its territorial limits confined to the Vatican, it retained its soft power in the contemporary world.
caption: Pope John XII and emperor Otto I.
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