page_title: History of Thrissur district
section_title: Kodungallur fort
hierarchical_section_title: History of Thrissur district / Archaeology / Kodungallur fort
caption_attribution_description: മലയാളം: കൊടുങ്ങല്ലൂർ കോട്ട
context_page_description: The word Kunnamkulam can be derived from the words kunnu and kulam. There are several small hills in this area interspersed with the numerous ponds of the area. One of the major spots within the town is the Parayil Angadi. The terrain condition and geological aspect of the area has led to the name. Kunnamkulam town has its own remote antiquity as is evident from the history. It was a part of Mahodayapattanam, the capital of Chera Dynasty.
  History tells about the cross installed by Thomas the Apostle, at Chattukulangara. During the invasion of Tippu Sultan the Christians from Chattakulangara migrated to Kunnamkulam town.
  Manakulam, Cheralayam and Kakkaad were the seats of the Nambidis of Manakulam, Ayinikur and Kakkad Karanavappad respectively. They were collectively known as Thalappilli Rajas and belonged to three branches of the same dynasty.
  The history of Kunnamkulam goes back to the Paleolithic age. The Kakkaad cave and Chowannur cave support this fact. It is said that this place was part of ‘MahodayaPattanam’ and was known as ‘Kunnamkulangare’. C.
context_section_description: Cranganore Fort, also known as Kottappuram/Kottapuram Fort, was built by Portuguese in 1523 and later in 1565 it was enlarged. The fort was named as Fortaleza Sao Tome, by the Portuguese. The Dutch took possession of the fort in 1663. The remains of the fort show that the original fort wall was 18 feet in thickness. The ruin is also known as Tipu's fort.
caption: Relics of the Cranganore Fort built by the Portuguese on the shores of the Kottapuram River
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