page_title: Herennia (gens)
section_title: Members
hierarchical_section_title: Herennia (gens) / Members
caption_attribution_description: Italiano: Ritratto attribuito a Erennia Cupressenia Etruscilla, moglie dell'imperatore romano Decio, dalla località di Santa Maria in via Appia Nuova - 250 d.C. circa - Museo nazionale romano a palazzo Massimo. Num.cat. 269
context_page_description: The gens Herennia was a plebeian family at Rome. Members of this gens are first mentioned among the Italian nobility during the Samnite Wars, and they appear in the Roman consular list beginning in 93 BC. In Imperial times they held a number of provincial offices and military commands. The empress Herennia Etruscilla was a descendant of this gens.
  The extensive mercantile interests of the Herennii are attested by several authors, who describe the family's participation in the Sicilian and African trade, and especially their involvement in purchasing and exporting silphium, a medicinal herb of great value in antiquity, which grew only along a short stretch of the African coast, and defied all attempts to cultivate it. The Herennian interest in trade is attested by the surname Siculus, the settlement of a merchant named Herennius at Leptis Magna, the legend of the founding of a temple to Hercules at Rome, and a coin of the gens bearing a representation of the goddess Pietas on the obverse, and on the reverse Amphinomus carrying his father, a reference to the legend of the two brothers of Catana, who escaped an eruption of Mount Aetna carrying their aged parents.
context_section_description: Gaius Herennius, according to some sources one of the commissioners for assigning land to the Latin colony at Placentia in 218 BC.  He and his colleagues were obliged to seek refuge at Mutina following an insurrection of the Boii, but according to Polybius they were captured by the Gauls.
  Herennius Bassus, one of the leading senators at Nola in 215 BC, during the Second Punic War.  In answer to the embassy of Hannibal urging the town to desert the Roman cause, Bassus said that the city was satisfied with its alliance with Rome, and had no desire to change sides.
  Herennius Cerrinius, a priest who officiated at the Bacchanalia held at Rome in 186 BC, having been initiated into the rites by his mother, Minia Paculla.  The exposure of the rites and rumours about the immoral behaviour of participants caused a general panic at Rome, and they were brutally suppressed, in the course of which Cerrinius probably perished.
  Marcus Octavius Herennius, according to legend, a flute-player who became a successful trader.  He dedicated a tenth of his gains to Hercules, and after successfully fending off an attack of pirates, the god appeared to him in a dream, stating that he had given Herennius the strength.  In gratitude, Herennius built a chapel to Hercules at the foot of the Aventine Hill, near the Porta Trigemina.
  Herennius Siculus, a haruspex, and a friend of Gaius Sempronius Gracchus, was arrested because of his association with Gracchus; but rather than face the dishonour of imprisonment in the Tullianum, he bashed his head against the doorpost, and so expired.
  Gaius Herennius, the patron of Gaius Marius, who was summoned to testify against Marius on a charge of bribery.  Herennius refused, on the grounds that it would be unlawful for a patron to do injury to his client.  He probably lived near Arpinum.
  Marcus Herennius, consul in 93 BC, who won election against the noted orator Lucius Marcius Philippus, despite his own humble birth and limited oratorical skill.  Large amounts of the expensive medicinal herb silphium reached Rome during his consulship, probably due to the trading connections of the Herennii.
  Gaius Herennius, tribune of the plebs in BC 80, opposed Sulla's proposal to recall Gnaeus Pompeius from Africa.  He was probably the same person as the legate Herennius who later served under Sertorius in Hispania; he was defeated and slain by Pompeius near Valentia.  He may also be the same as the senator Gaius Herennius, convicted of peculatio at some point before 69.
  Titus Herennius, a banker at Leptis Magna, whom Verres had put to death during his praetorship, despite more than one hundred Roman citizens at Syracuse who attested to his good character and innocence of any crime.
  Gaius Herennius, the addressee of a treatise on rhetoric attributed to Cicero; he does not seem to be identified with any of the other men of this name.
  Marcus Herennius, a decurion at Pompeii in 63 BC, he was struck and killed by lightning out of a cloudless sky.  Under augural law, this constituted a prodigy, and the event was later viewed as foreshadowing the treason of Catiline.
  Sextus Herennius, father of the tribune.
  Gaius Herennius Sex. f., tribune of the plebs in 59 BC, lent considerable support to Publius Clodius Pulcher, when he illegally procured his adoption into a plebeian gens, in order to obtain the tribunician power.
  Lucius Herennius, joined Lucius Sempronius Atratinus in the prosecution of Marcus Caelius Rufus for vis in 56 BC.  Cicero, who was a friend of all three men, successfully defended Caelius in his oration Pro Caelio, in which he asserted that Herennius and Sempronius were being exploited by Clodia, Caelius' former lover, and the sister of Cicero's enemy, Publius Claudius Pulcher.
  Lucius Herennius Balbus, demanded that the slaves belonging to Titus Annius Milo and his wife, Fausta, be tortured in order to obtain evidence concerning the death of Publius Claudius Pulcher.
  Herennius Gallus, an actor at Gades, whom Lucius Cornelius Balbus raised to the rank of an eques, presenting him with a gold ring, and seating him in the p
caption: Bust of the empress Herennia Etruscilla, from the National Museum at the Palace of Massimo, Rome.
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