page_title: Butaul
section_title: Interpretations
hierarchical_section_title: Butaul / Interpretations
caption_attribution_description: English: Areas ruled by great župan Buta-ul, Avar dignitary, 8th century (around 796), according to Serbian author Milan Tutorov. Српски / srpski: Подручја којима је владао велики жупан Бута-ул, аварски достојанственик, у 8. веку (око 796. године), према аутору Милану Туторову.
context_page_description: Butaul is a name mentioned in an inscription contained in a treasure trove of gold artifacts found in 1799 in Sânnicolau Mare, in northern Banat. According to various interpretations of the inscription, Butaul was an župan, a sort of local chieftain.
context_section_description: Various sources provided different interpretations of the inscription. According some opinions, inscription was written by a people whose local leaders had Turkic names and bore Slavic titles. According to other opinions, form ZOAΠAN could be read as "čaban", so BOYTAOYΛ.ZΩAΠAN would mean "son of Buta from the breed of čaban".
  According to one interpretation, Buyla was the grand duke of two Getae lands of the Tisa, while Buta-ul was the duke of the Tagro and Etzi lands of the Tisa. According to other interpretation, Župan Buila (Buyla) was prince of Dügetoigi, while Grand Župan Butaul was prince of Tagrogi and Itschigi (Utschugi). Another interpretation states that Butaul was župan of Tagroges, Iazyges, the peoples of the Tisa. Another translation states that Bela (Buyla) was župan of the Tisa, while Butaul was župan of the Iazyges. According to Serbian historian Milan Tutorov, grand župan Buta-ul was ruler of two Getae lands, Targorska and Eciska and across the Tisa. Tutorov claims that "Getae land" was designation for present-day Banat, while area "across the Tisa" is present-day Bačka.
  According to Tutorov, Buta-ul was an Avar noble who had a traditional Slavic ruler's title – the "great župan" (rendering veliki župan). Tutorov also speculates that the Treasure of Groß Sankt Nikolaus was probably buried by Buta-ul in 796, when Pippin, the son of Frankish ruler Charlemagne, penetrated with his army into the centre of Avar caganate near the river Tisa. It is assumed that Buta-ul buried his treasure in great hurry before the Frankish army arrived, since the treasure was buried only half metre deep in the ground.
caption: Area ruled by Buta-ul according to Serbian historian Milan Tutorov.[7]
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