page_title: XDR (audio)
section_title: Test Tones
hierarchical_section_title: XDR (audio) / Test Tones
caption_attribution_description: English: A spectrogram view of the SDR soundburst signal from the end of side 2 of the 1982 cassette "Let's Dance" by David Bowie. Has labels showing timing and frequency of tones. Uses Mel scaling of frequency axis for easier reading by humans. Created for Wikipedia using Audacity.
context_page_description: XDR is a quality-control and duplication process for the mass-production of pre-recorded audio cassettes. It is a process designed to provide higher quality audio on pre-recorded cassettes by checking the sound quality at all stages of the tape duplication process. In this way, the dynamic range of audio recorded on an XDR-duplicated cassette can be up to 13 decibels greater.
context_section_description: Several different tonebursts were used during the life of the XDR/SDR process.
  15 sinewave tones, all but the last 0.127 seconds in length (with 0.023 seconds of silence in-between tones), of the following estimated frequencies: 50, 100, 250, 400, 640, 1010, 1610, 4000, 6350, 8100, 10100, 12600, 15200, and 18300 Hz, followed by 130ms of silence then 820ms of a 15200 Hz tone. (Used by EMI Canada in 1982 as SDR).
  11 sinewave tones, again 0.127s in length with 0.023s of silence, of the following estimated frequencies:
   32 Hz,  64 Hz,  128 Hz,  256 Hz,  512 Hz,  1000 Hz,  2000 Hz,  4000 Hz,  8820 Hz,  11,025 Hz,  18,000 Hz
  Chords of F# sinewave tones ranging from roughly 46.25 Hz (F#1) to 17739.69 Hz (C#10).
caption: Spectrogram of SDR Soundburst from cassette of David Bowie's "Let's Dance".
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