page_title: Doctor of Civil Law
hierarchical_section_title: Doctor of Civil Law
caption_attribution_description: English: Convocation dress of a Doctor of Civil Law in the University of Oxford, detail scanned from a reproduction of a 1675 engraving (Habiti Academici, part of the series Oxonia Illustrata) by David Loggan
context_page_description: Doctor of Civil Law is a degree offered by some universities, such as the University of Oxford, instead of the more common Doctor of Laws degrees.
  At Oxford, the degree is a higher doctorate usually awarded on the basis of exceptionally insightful and distinctive publications that contain significant and original contributions to the study of law or politics in general. As of June 2016, the DCL has been suspended, pending a reform of the higher doctorates. The DCL is senior to all degrees save the Doctor of Divinity which was traditionally the highest degree bestowed by the Universities. The degree of Doctor of Canon Law was replaced by the DCL after the Reformation.
  The degree of Doctor of Civil Law by Diploma is customarily conferred on foreign Heads of State, as well as on the Chancellor of the University.
  The following other higher institutions also provide for awarding a DCL:
  University of Durham, United Kingdom
  University of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
  University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
  McGill University Faculty of Law, Montreal, Quebec Canada
  Louisiana State University Paul M. Hebert Law Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
context_section_description: Doctor of Civil Law (DCL; Latin: Legis Civilis Doctor or Juris Civilis Doctor) is a degree offered by some universities, such as the University of Oxford, instead of the more common Doctor of Laws (LLD) degrees.
  At Oxford, the degree is a higher doctorate usually awarded on the basis of exceptionally insightful and distinctive publications that contain significant and original contributions to the study of law or politics in general. As of June 2016, the DCL has been suspended, pending a reform of the higher doctorates. The DCL is senior to all degrees save the Doctor of Divinity which was traditionally the highest degree bestowed by the Universities. The degree of Doctor of Canon Law was replaced by the DCL after the Reformation.
  The degree of Doctor of Civil Law by Diploma is customarily conferred on foreign Heads of State, as well as on the Chancellor of the University. (The British Sovereign is unable to receive university degrees, since these would, theoretically, place her under the jurisdiction of the Chancellor of the university. Prior to her accession, the present Queen did accept several honorary degrees, including an Oxford DCL in 1948).
  The following other higher institutions also provide for awarding a DCL:
  University of Durham, United Kingdom
  University of Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
  University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
  McGill University Faculty of Law, Montreal, Quebec Canada
  Louisiana State University Paul M. Hebert Law Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
  Pontifical Lateran University, Rome
  Royal and Pontifical University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
  In some other universities, the DCL is an honorary degree.
caption: An Oxford Doctor of Civil Law, in Convocation dress, from David Loggan's 1675 engraving Oxonia Illustrata.
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