page_title: Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas
section_title: Surrender of the Altishahr Khojas
hierarchical_section_title: Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas / Background / Surrender of the Altishahr Khojas
caption_attribution_description: English: "Receiving the surrender of the Ili". Marching during the spring, the Chinese army reaches Kouldja on the Ili river without opposition, 1755. Français&#160;: «&#160;On reçoit la soumission de l'Ili&#160;». Marchant durant le printemps, l'armée chinoise mandchoue arrive à Goulja sur le rivière Ili, sans opposition en 1755. 中文: 清乾隆平定準部回部得勝圖之《平定伊犁受降圖》，描繪乾隆二十年（1755年）清軍西征準噶爾，進駐伊犁情形。上有乾隆皇帝御題《西師底定伊犁捷音至詩以述事》： 乘時命將定條枝， 天佑人歸捷報馳。 無戰有征安絕域， 壺漿簞食迎王師。 兩朝締構敢云繼， 百世寧綏有所思。 好雨優霑土宇拓， 敬心那為慰心移。
context_page_description: The Revolt of the Altishahr Khojas was an uprising against the Qing dynasty of China, which broke out in 1757 during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor. The rebels were led by Khwāja-i Jahān, leader of the White Mountain Sufis. Qing era documents refer to the event as the "Pacification of the Muslim regions". Hojijan and his brother, Burhān al-Dīn, both held the Muslim title Khoja.
  After the Qing conquest of Dzungaria at the end of the Dzungar–Qing Wars in 1755, the Khoja Brothers were released from Dzungar captivity whereupon they began to recruit followers in the Western Regions around Altishahr. Not long afterwards, the Khoit-Oirat prince Amursana rose up against the Qing and the Khoja Brothers used the opportunity to seize control of the south west part of Xinjiang.
  In 1757, Hojijan killed the Qing Vice General Amindao. Qianlong retaliated the following year by sending troops to locations including Kuqa County, Yarkant and Hotan to attack the Zhuo brothers. In 1759, the rebel army fled west through the Pamir Mountains to Badakhshan where it was captured and destroyed by the ruling Sultan Shah, causing the revolt to subside.
context_section_description: In the first lunar month of 1755, two units of the Qing army, each consisting of 25,000 men carrying two months' of rations per man, entered Dzungaria from two different directions to destroy Dawachi's army and retake the territory. The Northern Route Army under commander Ban Di comprised Border Pacifying Vice-general of the Left Wing Amursana, Amban Sebutangbalezhu'er and Mukden Commander Alantai while Border Pacifying Vice-general of the Right Wing Salar 薩喇勒 and Minister of the Interior (內大臣) Erong'an (鄂容安) formed the Western Route Army with the West Pacifying General (定西將軍; Dìngxī jiāngjūn) Yong Chang in command. The two armies linked up at Boluotala (博羅塔拉; now the Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture). During the subsequent march, Abagasi and Hadan among others surrendered to the Qing forces.
  On 8 April 1755, Buranidun surrendered to Salar's Western Route Army saying "At the time of Galdan Tseren, my father was imprisoned and thus far I have not been released. I will bring perhaps 30 of my households to surrender to the emperor and become his servants" Not long afterwards, the Younger Khoja, Hojijan, surrendered to Ban Di with Hadan.
  In May, Qing forces entered Huocheng County in Ili. Ban Di planned to send Buranidun to Beijing for presentation to the emperor while Hojijan would be kept in Ili in the care of the nomadic Muslim Taranchi.
  The Us Beg Khojis (霍集斯; Huò jísī) received orders from Ban Di to establish sentry posts on the mountain passes into the Tarim Basin. When a further order to prepare for war arrived, Khojis' troops hid in the woods while his younger brother was dispatched to take wine and horses to Davachi—who when he arrived was seized along with his men and his son Lobja. The prisoners were then escorted under guard to the Qing barracks by Khojis and 200 of his men. Dawachi's capture effectively marked the end of the Dzungar Khanate.
  At the same time, Kashgar Black Mountain Khoja Yusuf (second son of Daniyal) marched north. Aksu's  Hakim Beg Abd-Qwabu (Khojis' elder brother) suggested to Ban Di that the Qing Army send an emissary along with them during the transport of the Khoja brothers to Kashgar. Abodouguabo further announced his appointment as ruler of the area at the behest of Qianlong. As a result, Ban Di dispatched the Imperial Bodyguard, Tuoluntai (托倫泰), and Khojis as protective escort on the journey south to Kashgar and Yarkand. Hojijan was to remain in Ili to supervise of Khojis' clan. Troops would gather at Uqturpan County to defeat the northern Black Mountain Khoja then head south. Once in Kashgar Hakim Beg would take the surrender of the city. Although Xinjiang's Black Mountain Khoja leader Jihan Khoja (和卓加罕), also known as Yaqub, and Yusuf's eldest brother, put up a fierce defence of Kashgar until he was finally killed.
caption: Qing troops enter Ili
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