page_title: Canellaceae
section_title: Phytochemistry
hierarchical_section_title: Canellaceae / Phytochemistry
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: Canella winterana, Bois-Cannelle, fruits, Pointe des Châteaux, Guadeloupe
context_page_description: The Canellaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Canellales. The order includes only one other family, the Winteraceae. Canellaceae is native to the Afrotropical and Neotropical realms. They are small to medium trees, rarely shrubs, evergreen and aromatic. The flowers and fruit are often red.
  Several species of Canellaceae are important in herbal medicine or as a substitute for cinnamon. Canella winterana is the only species known in cultivation.
  The family is divided into five genera, but studies of DNA sequences have indicated one of these genera should be split. These genera together comprise about 25 species. In the Greater Antilles, many of these species are rare and restricted to small ranges. As of 2008, five of the species were newly recognized and not yet named.
context_section_description: Monoterpenes are common, as are drimane-type sesquiterpenes, including cinnafragrins, cinnamodial, and capsicodendrin. These three sesquiterpenes are shared with only the Winteraceae in angiosperms. Canellaceae also have alkaloids of the aporphine type, such as N-(cinnamoil)-tryptamine, lignans of the aryl-tetralin type, cinnamaldehydes, and allylphenols. Crystals of calcium oxalate are in the leaf mesophyll. Most species are cyanogenetic. Protocyanidins, flavonols, saponins, sapogenins, and ellagic acid are absent.
caption: Fruit of Canella winterana, at Pointe des Châteaux, Guadeloupe, October 2008
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