page_title: People's Rights Party
section_title: Formation
hierarchical_section_title: People's Rights Party / History / Formation
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Аптекман Осип Васильевич - русский революционер, социал-демократ.
context_page_description: The People's Rights Party, was a radical constitutionalist political party established in Tsarist Russia in 1893. The group's political leader was the agrarian populist Mark Natanson and its ideological leading light was the literary critic and public affairs commentator N.K. Mikhailovsky.
  While the People's Rights Party was small and short-lived owing to repression by the Tsarist political police, it has been remembered for its transitional place between the 19th Century Russian populist movement and a key 20th Century political organization, the Socialist Revolutionary Party.
context_section_description: The People's Rights Party was founded in the summer of 1893 in the Russian city of Saratov. The group was composed of a small core of active members but influenced a much broader network of sympathizers and supporters. Leader of the party was veteran agrarian socialist Mark Natanson (party name: Bobrov) and two of his personal friends and political co-thinkers, Nikolai Tyutchev and Osip Aptekman, none of whom had previously been members of Narodnaya Volya.
  These were joined in sympathy, albeit not in formal membership, by agrarian populist Nikolai Mikhailovsky and a group of his associates from the journal Russkoe Bogatstvo (Russian Riches), V. G. Korolenko, N. F. Anensky, and A. V . Peshekonov. The group's leading supporter in Moscow was former study circle leader A. I. Ryazanov, while non-party sympathizers counted among their numbers the historian V.Ia. Bogucharsky.
  An illegal organization in Russia, the People's Rights Party established an underground printing press in Smolensk, by means of which it produced its publications. Owing to limited circulation only two of the party's publications have survived — the party's program and a single pamphlet, Nasushchnyi Vopros (The Urgent Question).
caption: Osip Vasiliyevich Aptekman (1849-1926), one of the leading figures in the short-lived People's Rights Party.
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