page_title: Military history of Canada during World War II
section_title: Aleutian Islands campaign
hierarchical_section_title: Military history of Canada during World War II / Early campaigns / Aleutian Islands campaign
caption_attribution_description: English: Lot-803-3: Aleutian Islands Campaign, June 1942 - August 1943. Planning for the Kiska Expedition. American and Canadian military leaders in the North Pacific are shown here holding a final conference at the Aleutian headquarters of Vice Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid, Commander, North Pacific Force, before the Allied landing on Kiska, August 15, 1943. Seated around the table in Admiral Kinkaid’s headquarters are, (left to right): Rear Admiral Francis Warren Rockwell, USN, Commander, Pacific Amphibious Forces; Vice Admiral Thomas C. Kinkaid, USN, Commander, North Pacific; Major General Charles Harrison Corlett, USA; Lieutenant General Simon Bolivar Buckner Jr, USA; Commanding General, Eleventh Air Force; Major General George Randolph Pearkes, RCA, General Officer, Commanding-in-Chief, Canadian Pacific Command. Standing, (left to right): An unidentified Army officer; Commander R.K. Dennison, USN, Chief of Staff to Rear Admiral Rockwell; Captain Oswald Symister Colclough, USN, Chief of Staff to Vice Admiral Kinkaid&#160;; Colonel Carl T. Jones, AUS, Chief of Staff to Major General Corlett; Brigadier General J.L. Ready, USA, Brigadier General E.D. Post, AUS, Chief of Staff to General Buckner. U.S. Navy photograph. Photographed through Mylar sleeve. (2015/11/06).
context_page_description: The military history of Canada during World War II begins with the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939. While the Canadian Armed Forces were eventually active in nearly every theatre of war, most combat was centred in Italy, Northwestern Europe, and the North Atlantic. In all, some 1.1 million Canadians served in the Canadian Army, Royal Canadian Navy, Royal Canadian Air Force, and in forces across the Commonwealth, with approximately 42,000 killed and another 55,000 wounded.
  During the war, Canada was subject to direct attack in the Battle of the St. Lawrence, and in the shelling of a lighthouse at Estevan Point in British Columbia.
  The financial cost was $21.8 billion between 1939 and 1950. By the end of the war Canada had the world's fourth largest air force, and fifth largest navy. The Canadian Merchant Navy completed over 25,000 voyages across the Atlantic, 130,000 Allied pilots were trained in Canada in the British Commonwealth Air Training Plan. On D-Day, 6 June 1944 the 3rd Canadian Infantry Division landed on "Juno" beach in Normandy, in conjunction with allied forces.
context_section_description: Shortly after the attack of Pearl Harbor, and the American entry into the war, Japanese troops invaded the Aleutian Islands. RCAF planes flew anti-submarine patrols against the Japanese while on land, Canadian troops were deployed side by side with American troops against the Japanese. Owing to circumstances, Canadians troops were only once sent into combat during the Aleutian campaign during the invasion of the island of Kiska. However, the Japanese had already withdrawn their forces at that point.
caption: Major General George Pearkes (seated, far right) planning Operation Cottage with American officers.
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