page_title: Florida in the American Civil War
section_title: Ordinance of Secession
hierarchical_section_title: Florida in the American Civil War / Background / Florida secedes / Ordinance of Secession
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Данный документ является одностраничной, выполненной от руки копией Постановления о выходе из Союза, принятого 10 января 1861 года членами Народного собрания штата Флорида (которое получило название Собрание по вопросу выхода из Союза). Согласно акту законодательного органа штата Флорида, принятому 30 ноября 1860 года, губернатор Мэдисон С. Перри издал указ о проведении в субботу, 22 декабря 1860 года выборов делегатов собрания, целью которого было рассмотрение вопроса о праве штата Флорида на выход из Союза. Делегаты собрания по вопросу выхода из Союза встретились в Таллахасси 3 января 1861 года, и 10 января было принято Постановление о выходе из Союза. Постановление провозглашало штат Флорида "суверенной и независимой нацией". 13 апреля собрание ратифицировало конституцию, принятую Конфедеративными штатами Америки. Собрание было закрыто 27 апреля 1861 года. Конфедеративные штаты Америки; Политика и управление; Выход из Союза; Соединенные Штаты Америки — История — Гражданская война, 1861–1865 гг. Français&#160;: Ce document est une copie manuscrite d'une page de l'ordonnance de sécession adoptée le 10 janvier 1861, par les membres de la Convention du peuple de Floride (communément appelée la Convention de Sécession). Conformément à une loi de la législature de la Floride approuvée le 30 novembre 1860, le gouverneur Madison S. Perry a émis une proclamation appelant à une élection, le samedi 22 décembre 1860, pour que les délégués lors d'une convention règlent la question de savoir si la Floride avait le droit de se retirer de l'Union. La Convention de sécession s'est réunie à Tallahassee le 3 janvier 1861, et a adopté, le 10 janvier, l'ordonnance de sécession. L'ordonnance déclarait que la Floride était "une nation souveraine et indépendante." Le 13 avril, la Convention a ratifié la Constitution adoptée par les États confédérés d'Amérique. La convention fut levée le 27 avril 1861. États confédérés d&#39;Amérique; Politique et gouvernement; Sécession; Histoire des États-Unis - Guerre de Sécession, 1861-1865 English: This document is a one-page handwritten copy of the Ordinance of Secession passed on January 10, 1861, by the members of the Florida Convention of the People (commonly referred to as the Secession Convention). Pursuant to an act of the Florida legislature approved on November 30, 1860, Governor Madison S. Perry issued a proclamation calling an election on Saturday, December 22, 1860, for delegates to a convention to address the issue of whether Florida had a right to withdraw from the Union. The Secession Convention met in Tallahassee on January 3, 1861, and passed, on January 10, the Ordinance of Secession. The ordinance declared Florida to be "a sovereign and independent nation." On April 13, the convention ratified the constitution adopted by the Confederate States of America. The convention adjourned on April 27, 1861. Confederate States of America; Politics and government; Secession; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 中文: 这份文件是《分离法令》的手写本，仅有一页。该法令于 1861 年 1 月 10 日由佛罗里达州人民会议（通常称为“分离会议”）的成员通过。 根据于 1860 年 11 月 30 日获得批准的佛罗里达州立法机构的一个法案，州长麦迪逊·S.·佩里发布公告，号召于 1860 年 12 月 22 日举行选举，让与会代表讨论佛罗里达州是否有权退出联邦的问题。 分离会议于 1861 年 1 月 3 日在塔拉哈西举行，并于 1 月 10 日通过了《分离法令》。 该法令宣布佛罗里达州是一个“拥有主权的独立国家”。 4 月 13 日，会议批准了美利坚联盟国采纳的宪法。 此次会议于 1861 年 4 月 27 日休会。 美利坚联盟国; 政治与政府; 分离; 美国-历史-南北战争，1861-1865 年 Português: Este documento é uma cópia manuscrita, de uma página, da Portaria de Secessão aprovada em 10 de janeiro de 1861 pelos membros da Convenção do Povo da Flórida (comumente chamada de Convenção de Secessão). Em conformidade com uma lei da legislatura da Flórida aprovada em 30 de novembro de 1860, o governador Madison S. Perry emitiu uma proclamação convocando uma eleição no sábado, 22 de dezembro de 1860, para que os delegados de uma convenção discutissem a questão da Flórida ter ou não o direito de se retirar da União. A Convenção de Secessão reuniu-se em Tallahassee em 3 de janeiro de 1861 e aprovou, em 10 de janeiro, a Portaria de Secessão. A portaria declarou ser a Flórida "uma nação soberana e independente". Em 13 de abril, a convenção ratificou a constituição adotada pelos Estados Confederados da América. A convenção foi encererada em 27 de abril de 1861. Estados Confederados da América; Política e governo; Secessão; Estados Unidos - História - Guerra Civil, 1861-1865 العربية: هذه الوثيقة نسخة من صفحة واحدة مكتوبة باليد لمرسوم الانفصال الذي صدر في 10 كانون ثاني 1861، من قبل أعضاء مؤتمر الشعب في فلوريدا (عادة يشار إليه باسم مؤتمر الانفصال). وطبقا لقانون صدر من قبل السلطة التشريعية في فلوريدا، والذي تمت الموافقة عليه يوم 30 تشرين ثاني 1860، أصدر الحاكم ماديسون س. بيري بيانا بإجراء انتخابات يوم السبت، 22 كانون أول 1860، وذلك لحضور المندوبين إلى مؤتمر للبت في موضوع حق فلوريدا بالانفصال عن الاتحاد. عقد مؤتمر الانفصال في تالاهاسي يوم 3 كانون ثاني 1861، وفي 10 كانون ثاني، صدر مرسوم الانفصال. أعلن المرسوم أن فلوريدا "دولة ذات سيادة مستقلة." وفي 13 نيسان، صدق المؤتمر على الدستور الذي اعتمدته الولايات الكونفدرالية الأمريكية. ورفعت جلسة المؤتمر في 27 نيسان 1861 الولايات المتحالفة الأمريكية; السياسة والحكومة; الانفصال; الولايات المتحدة--تاريخ--الحرب الأهلية، 1861-1865 Español: Este documento es una copia manuscrita de una página de la Ordenanza de la Secesión aprobada el 10 de enero de 1861, por los miembros de la Convención de las personas de Florida (conocida como la Convención para la Secesión). De conformidad con una ley de la legislatura de Florida aprobada el 30 de noviembre de 1860, el Gobernador Madison S. Perry emitió una proclamación llamando a elecciones el sábado, 22 de diciembre de 1860, para delegados para una convención con el objetivo de tratar el tema de si Florida tenía derecho a retirarse de la Unión. La Convención de la Secesión se reunió en Tallahassee el 3 de enero de 1861, y se aprobó, el 10 de enero, la Ordenanza de la Secesión. La ordenanza declaró a Florida como "nación soberana e independiente". El 13 de abril, la convención ratificó la constitución adoptada por los Estados Confederados de América. La convención levantó la sesión el 27 de abril de 1861. Estados Confederados de América; Política y gobierno; Secesión; Estados Unidos - Historia - Guerra Civil, 1861-1865
context_page_description: Florida had been admitted to the United States as a slave state in 1845. In January 1861, Florida became the third Southern state to secede from the Union after the November 1860 presidential election victory of Abraham Lincoln. It was admitted to the breakaway Confederate States of America in April 1861 in advance of the American Civil War.
  Florida had by far the smallest population of the Confederate states with about 140,000 residents, nearly half of them enslaved people. As such, Florida sent only 15,000 troops to the Confederate army, the vast majority of which were deployed elsewhere during the war. The state's chief importance was as a source of cattle and other food supplies for the Confederacy, and as an entry and exit location for blockade-runners who used its many bays and small inlets to evade the Union Navy.
  At the outbreak of war, the Confederate government seized many United States facilities in the state, though the Union retained control of Key West, Fort Jefferson, and Fort Pickens for the duration of the conflict. The Confederate strategy was to defend the vital farms in the interior of Florida at the expense of coastal areas.
context_section_description: A formal Ordinance of Secession was introduced for debate on January 8. The primary topic of debate was whether Florida should immediately secede or wait until other southern states such as Alabama officially chose to secede. Outspoken supporters of secession at the conference included Governor Perry and Governor-elect John Milton. Jackson Morton and George Taliaferro Ward attempted to have the ordinance amended so that Florida would not secede before Georgia and Alabama, but their proposal was voted down. When Ward signed the Ordinance he stated "When I die, I want it inscribed upon my tombstone that I was the last man to give up the ship."
  On January 10, 1861 the delegates formally adopted the Ordinance of Secession, which declared that the "nation of Florida" had withdrawn from the "American union." Florida was the third state to secede, following South Carolina and Mississippi. By the following month, six states had seceded; these six had the largest population of enslaved people among the Southern states.
  Secession was declared and a public ceremony held on the east steps of the Florida capitol the following day; an Ordinance of Secession was signed by 65 people. The secession ordinance of Florida simply declared its severing of ties with the federal Union, without stating any causes. According to historian William C. Davis, "protection of slavery" was "the explicit reason" for Florida's secession, as well as for the creation of the Confederacy itself. Supporters of secession included the  St. Augustine Examiner. Word of the outcome in favor of secession was met with celebrations in Tampa. The governors of Georgia and Mississippi sent telegrams affirming support for immediate secession.
  Afterward, the Florida secession convention formed a committee to draft a declaration of causes, but the committee was discharged before completing the task. Only an undated, untitled draft remains. During the secession convention, however, convention president John McGehee stated "At the South and with our people, of course, slavery is the element of all value, and a destruction of that destroys all that is property. This party, now soon to take possession of the powers of  government, is sectional, irresponsible to us, and, driven on by an infuriated, fanatical madness that defies all opposition, must inevitably destroy every vestige of right growing out of property in slaves.”
  The delegates adopted a new state constitution and within a month the state joined other southern states to form the Confederate States of America. Florida's Senator Mallory was selected to be Secretary of the Navy in the first Confederate cabinet under president Jefferson Davis. The convention had further meetings in 1861 and into 1862. There was a Unionist minority in the state, an element that grew as the war progressed.
  Florida sent a three-man delegation to the 1861-62 Provisional Confederate Congress, which first met in Montgomery, Alabama and then in the new capital of Richmond, Virginia. The delegation consisted of Jackson Morton, James Byeram Owens, and James Patton Anderson, who resigned April 8, 1861 and was replaced by G. T. Ward. Ward served from May 1861 until February 1862, when he resigned and was replaced by John Pease Sanderson.
caption: A handwritten copy of Florida's Ordinance of Secession
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