page_title: Arthur Heywood
section_title: Heywood radiating axle locomotives
hierarchical_section_title: Arthur Heywood / Heywood radiating axle locomotives
caption_attribution_description: English: Muriel 3rd engine at Duffield Bank Railway
context_page_description: Sir Arthur Percival Heywood, 3rd Baronet is best known today as the innovator of the fifteen inch minimum gauge railway, for estate use.
context_section_description: The Heywood radiating axle locomotives could pass very tight curves by a special axle arrangement. This was first drawn by Arthur Heywood in 1877 and described in a book published in 1881, much earlier than the patent filings of the Klien-Lindner axle and Luttermöller axle. On steam locomotives with three axles the frame of the middle axis could move transversely to the left and right underneath the main frame of the locomotive. The frame was hinged to the two pivoted frames of the front and rear axle. In sharp curves of the track it aligned all axles exactly perpendicular to the track, so that the axes would meet in the centre point of the track's curve.
  The principle is similar to that of the radiating axles invented by James Cleminson of London for railway carriages, which "consists in mounting the axles with their axle boxes, guards, and springs in frames separate from the main under-frame of the carriage. The end frames have central pivots, around which they swivel freely, while the middle frame is so arranged that it can slide transversely. The three frames are connected together by articulated radiating gear, so that they act sympathetically, and, no matter how sharp the curve, each axle instantly assumes a position coincident with the radial lines of that curve, instead of remaining parallel to each other as in the ordinary construction, in which the wheels grind their way along the sides of the rails. The wear and tear of tires and rails is thus greatly reduced, because the flanges of the tires are always parallel with the rails."
caption: The second steam engine with radiating axles was the 15 in (381 mm) gauge 0-8-0 steam locomotive Muriel built in 1894
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