page_title: Pavlovsk Park
section_title: 19th century
hierarchical_section_title: Pavlovsk Park / 19th century
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Вид в Павловском парке. Холст, масло. 89,5 х 125,5. У нижнего края картины справа подпись и дата: А. Волосковъ 1845. Ранее приписывалась Митхаилу Ивановичу Лебедеву. Лебедев. Картина исключена из числа работ М. И. Лебедева на основании стилистического и технологического исследований. В ходе последнего обнаружены подпись и дата, которые удалось прочесть: А. Волосковъ 1845. Известно, что Волосков копировал в „Художественных классах" пейзажи работы Лебедева (РГИА*, фонд 789, опись 14, дело 11013, лист 12). Протокол Атрибуционного совета № 3 (47) от 02.11.2007. (Сообщение Н. Н. Крылова). На картине изображён вид на Большой дворец в Павловске со стороны парка Мариенталь. Справа обелиск основанию Павловска; на втором плане Павильон трех граций; в центре мраморная скульптура „Три грации".
context_page_description: The Pavlovsk Park is the park surrounding the Pavlovsk Palace, an 18th-century Russian Imperial residence built by Tsar Paul I of Russia near Saint Petersburg. After his death, it became the home of his widow, Maria Feodorovna. It is now a state museum and a public park.
context_section_description: By the early 19th century, the Park at Pavlovsk had gardens representing many different styles. A formal and geometric garden à la française was planted near the Palace. An Italian garden, with parterres, classical statues and a grand staircase was created by Brenna on the hillside overlooking the lake. Cameron used the intimate Dutch style for the little private garden outside Maria Feodorovna's private apartments, and the huge park was in the style of the English and French landscape garden.
  An English visitor, John Lowden, who saw Pavlovsk during the war against Napoleon in 1812, wrote that Pavlovsk Park was the most beautiful example of the English landscape garden in all of the Russian Empire.
  Beginning in 1792, the chief architect of the Pavlovsk Park was the Italian landscape architect and painter, Pietro Gonzaga, who had begun his career as a set designer at the La Scala Theater in Milan. Gonzaga always remained a theater designer; he designed the funeral procession of Catherine the Great, Paul I, and Alexander I. as well as the Coronations of Paul I, Alexander I and Nicholas I. For Cameron he painted landscape scenes of the Pavlovsk Park on the walls and ceilings of rooms of the Palace, and he designed spectacular sets for the 1814 ceremony at Pavlovsk welcoming Alexander I home after his victory over Napoleon.
  Gonzaga planned the landscape of Pavlovsk Park with meticulous care, marking the trees to be saved or cut down. He laid out paths and changed contours to create the effects he wanted, using open and closed spaces and different colors and shapes of trees to make theatrical scenes. He made dramatic use of the contrast between the white bark and light leaves of birch trees and the dark needles of red-brown trunks of pine trees, setting groups of birch trees in front of dark backgrounds of pines. He also made decorative use of the different seasons in the Park, painting scenes with brilliant colors of the autumn leaves. Gonzaga was the architect of Pavlovsk Park until his death in 1831 at the age of eighty.
caption: Pavlovsk Park in 1845;
   by Alexey Voloskov. The Pavilion of the "Three Graces" can be seen in the background.
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