page_title: Electric car
section_title: Government policies and incentives
hierarchical_section_title: Electric car / Government policies and incentives
caption_attribution_description: English: Nissan Leaf electric car using bus lane in Norway
context_page_description: An electric car is an automobile that is propelled by one or more electric motors, using energy stored in rechargeable batteries. The first practical electric cars were produced in the 1880s. Electric cars were popular in the late 19th century and early 20th century, until advances in internal combustion engines, electric starters in particular, and mass production of cheaper petrol and diesel vehicles led to a decline in the use of electric drive vehicles.
  From 2008, a renaissance in electric vehicle manufacturing occurred due to advances in batteries, and the desire to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve urban air quality. Charging an electric car can be done at a variety of charging stations, these charging stations can be installed in both houses and public areas.
  Several countries have established government incentives for plug-in electric vehicles, tax credits, subsidies, and other non-monetary incentives, and long term policies to promote the adoption of electric vehicles. Compared with internal combustion engine cars, electric cars are quieter, have no tailpipe emissions, and lower emissions in general.
context_section_description: Several national, provincial, and local governments around the world have introduced policies to support the mass market adoption of plug-in electric vehicles. A variety of policies have been established to provide financial support to consumers and manufacturers; non-monetary incentives; subsidies for the deployment of charging infrastructure; and long term regulations with specific targets.
  Financial incentives for consumers are aim to make electric car purchase price competitive with conventional cars due to the higher up front cost of electric vehicles. There are one-time purchase incentives depending on battery size, such as grants and tax credits, exemptions from import duties, and other fiscal incentives; exemptions from road tolls and congestion charges; and exemption of registration and annual fees.
  The U.S. offers a federal income tax credit up to US$7,500. The UK offers a Plug-in Car Grant up to a maximum of GB£4,500 (US$5,929). France introduced a bonus-malus CO
  2 based tax that penalize fossil-fuel vehicle sales. As of 2020, monetary incentives are also available in several European Union member states, China, Norway, some provinces in Canada, South Korea, India, and other countries.
  Among the non-monetary incentives there are several perks such allowing plug-in vehicles access to bus lanes and high-occupancy vehicle lanes, free parking and free charging. In addition, in some countries or cities that restrict private car ownership (purchase quota system for new vehicles), or have implemented permanent driving restrictions (no-drive days), the schemes often exclude electric vehicles from the restrictions to promote their adoption.
  Some government have also established long term regulatory signals with specific targets such as ZEV mandates, national or regional CO
  2 emissions regulations, stringent fuel economy standards, and the phase out of internal combustion engine vehicle sales. For example, Norway set a national goal that by 2025 all new car sales should be zero emission vehicles (battery electric or hydrogen).
caption: All-electric car on a bus lane in Oslo.
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