page_title: Bilbilis (Augusta Bilbilis)
section_title: Earliest phase and origins
hierarchical_section_title: Bilbilis (Augusta Bilbilis) / History / Earliest phase and origins
caption_attribution_description: Español: Ciudad romana de Bilbilis, Calatayud, España English: Ruins of the ancient roman city of Bilbilis, Calatayud, Spain
context_page_description: Augusta Bilbilis was a city founded by the Romans in the province of Hispania Tarraconensis. It was the birthplace of famous poet Martial c. 40 AD. The modern town of Calatayud was founded near this Roman site.
  Recent excavations have uncovered many of the impressive remains visible today which dominate the surrounding area and are testament to the city's rich past.
context_section_description: The indigenous Celtiberian settlement of Bilbilis was situated on the heights of Cerro de Bambola and part of San Paterno, lying to the North of ancient Segeda and 60 km SW of the Roman colony of Col. Caesaraugusta (modern Zaragoza) in NE internal Spain. 
  Bilbilis was famous for its metalworking.
  Its inhabitants belonged to the group of the Celtic tribes of Hispania Citerior known as the Lusones tribe, of which Bilbilis was their capital. Their earliest coin issue includes a male head facing right, with dolphin to the left of the portrait on the obverse, while the reverse depicts a horseman carrying a spear and the inscription Bilbilis. These date from the late 2nd to the early 1st century BC and a number of these form part of the Iberian coin collection in the British Museum.
  The first contact between the eventual conquerors of the area, the Romans, and the Lusones occurred around the 2nd century BC, when Quintus Fulvius Flaccus journeyed from the Mediterranean coast of Spain into the hinterland, a region referred to as Celtiberia. It was not until the 1st century, however, that Roman culture, language and customs, gradually began to spread into the hinterland with the indigenous cultures taking on many and varied aspects of Roman life while still maintaining aspects of their own distinct cultures.
caption: Wall and remains of buildings.
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