page_title: Fusion protein
section_title: Functions
hierarchical_section_title: Fusion protein / Functions
caption_attribution_description: Eesti: Varbuss (Caenorhabditis elegans) on 1 mm pikkune mullas elav ussike, kuulub ümarusside hõimkonda. Pildil on C. elegans elus isendid, kelle neuronitesse on viidud GFP (green fluorescent protein), et visualiseerida nende neuronite arengut elavas ussikeses. Mikrofoto, fluorestsents + diferentsiaalne interferentskontrast. English: Alive Caenorhabditis elegans worms, who have GFP (green fluorescent protein) inserted into their neurons to visualize neural development in a living worm. Differential interference contrast micrograph + fluorescence. Español: Gusanos Caenorhabditis elegans, en cuyos neuronas se insertó proteína verde fluorescente para visualizar el desarrollo neural en un gusano vivo. Universidad Técnica de Tallin, Estonia. Polski: Nicienie z gatunku Caenorhabditis elegans z białkiem zielonej fluorescencji wprowadzonym do ich neuronów w celu zobrazowania rozwoju układu nerwowego w żywym nicieniu. Português: Vermes Caenorhabditis elegans, em cujos neurônios foi inserida a proteína verde fluorescente para visualizar o desenvolvimento neural em um verme vivo. Universidade Técnica de Tallinn, Estônia. Čeština: Červům druhu háďátko obecné byla pokusně implantována bílkovina zelený fluorescenční protein do neuronů pro vizualizaci neurálního vývoje živého jedince na Technologické universitě v Tallinnu. Magyar: A talajférgek (Rhabditida) rendjébe tartozó Caenorhabditis elegans mikroszkóp alatt Italiano: Vermi Caenorhabditis elegans nei cui neuroni è stata iniettata una proteina verde fluorescente per poterne seguire lo sviluppo neurale. Universtià della tecnologia di it:Tallinn. Македонски: Цевчести црви од видот Caenorhabditis elegans во чии во неврони е ставена зелена флуоресцентна белковина за нагледност на невронскиот развој. Талински технички универзитет. Nederlands: Caenorhabditis elegans ingespoten met groen fluorescerend eiwit in hun zenuwcellen om neurale ontwikkeling in een levende worm te visualiseren. Українська: Візуалізація розвитку нервової системи живого черва за допомогою зеленого флюоресцентного білку, уведеного до нейронів червів виду Caenorhabditis elegans. Талліннський технічний університет.
context_page_description: Fusion proteins or chimeric proteins are proteins created through the joining of two or more genes that originally coded for separate proteins. Translation of this fusion gene results in a single or multiple polypeptides with functional properties derived from each of the original proteins. Recombinant fusion proteins are created artificially by recombinant DNA technology for use in biological research or therapeutics. Chimeric or chimera usually designate hybrid proteins made of polypeptides having different functions or physico-chemical patterns. Chimeric mutant proteins occur naturally when a complex mutation, such as a chromosomal translocation, tandem duplication, or retrotransposition creates a novel coding sequence containing parts of the coding sequences from two different genes. Naturally occurring fusion proteins are commonly found in cancer cells, where they may function as oncoproteins. The bcr-abl fusion protein is a well-known example of an oncogenic fusion protein, and is considered to be the primary oncogenic driver of chronic myelogenous leukemia.
context_section_description: Some fusion proteins combine whole peptides and therefore contain all functional domains of the original proteins.  However, other fusion proteins, especially those that occur naturally, combine only portions of coding sequences and therefore do not maintain the original functions of the parental genes that formed them.
  Many whole gene fusions are fully functional and can still act to replace the original peptides. Some, however, experience interactions between the two proteins that can modify their functions.  Beyond these effects, some gene fusions may cause regulatory changes that alter when and where these genes act.  For partial gene fusions, the shuffling of different active sites and binding domains have the potential to result in new proteins with novel functions.
caption: Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) inserted into the neurons of Varbuss worms to track neuronal development.
exif: {"Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "PictureProject 1.7 W", "Image DateTime": "2011:09:20 17:56:23", "Image Artist": "Heiti Paves", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "192", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "464", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "7222", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3075", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2031"}