page_title: Atomic force acoustic microscopy
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Atomic force acoustic microscopy / History
caption_attribution_description: English: Atomic force acoustic microscopy system
context_page_description: Atomic force acoustic microscopy is a type of scanning probe microscopy. It is a combination of acoustics and atomic force microscopy. The principal difference between AFAM and other forms of SPM is the addition of a transducer at the bottom of the sample which induces longitudinal out-of-plane vibrations in the specimen. These vibrations are sensed by a cantilever and tip called a probe. The figure shown here is the clear schematic of AFAM principle here B is the magnified version of the tip and sample placed on the transducer and tip having some optical coating generally gold coating to reflect the laser light on to the photodiode.
  Any type of material can be measured with this microscope. In particular, Nano-scale properties such as elastic modulus, shear modulus and Poisson ratio can be measured.
  The frequency used sweeps from some few kHz to MHz, keeping the sine wave amplitude constant. The sine longitudinal waves are sensed by the probe, and the deflection of the probe is detected by laser light focused on to a position sensitive photodiode. This deflection of the reflected laser beam from the cantilever indicates the flexural and torsional parameters of the specimen.
context_section_description: Atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) was originally developed by  Rabe and Arnold  from the Fraunhofer Institute of Nondestructive Testing in 1994. The technique is now used for qualitative and quantitative measurements of the local elastic properties of materials. AFAM was used by Anish Kumar et al. to map the precipitates in the polycrystalline materials.
caption: Atomic force acoustic microscopy system
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