page_title: Criminal justice
section_title: Corrections and rehabilitation
hierarchical_section_title: Criminal justice / Criminal-justice system / Corrections and rehabilitation
caption_attribution_description: English: Convicted prisoners receiving Quranic education in Central Jail Faisalabad, Pakistan in 2010
context_page_description: Criminal justice is the delivery of justice to those who have committed crimes. The criminal justice system is a series of government agencies and institutions. Goals include the rehabilitation of offenders, preventing other crimes, and moral support for victims. The primary institutions of the criminal justice system are the police, prosecution and defense lawyers, the courts and prisons.
context_section_description: Offenders are then turned over to the correctional authorities, from the court system after the accused has been found guilty.  Like all other aspects of criminal justice, the administration of punishment has taken many different forms throughout history.  Early on, when civilizations lacked the resources necessary to construct and maintain prisons, exile and execution were the primary forms of punishment.  Historically shame punishments and exile have also been used as forms of censure.
  The most publicly visible form of punishment in the modern era is the prison.  Prisons may serve as detention centers for prisoners after trial. For containment of the accused, jails are used.  Early prisons were used primarily to sequester criminals and little thought was given to living conditions within their walls.  In America, the Quaker movement is commonly credited with establishing the idea that prisons should be used to reform criminals.  This can also be seen as a critical moment in the debate regarding the purpose of punishment.
  Punishment (in the form of prison time) may serve a variety of purposes.  First, and most obviously, the incarceration of criminals removes them from the general population and inhibits their ability to perpetrate further crimes. A new goal of prison punishments is to offer criminals a chance to be rehabilitated.  Many modern prisons offer schooling or job training to prisoners as a chance to learn a vocation and thereby earn a legitimate living when they are returned to society.  Religious institutions also have a presence in many prisons, with the goal of teaching ethics and instilling a sense of morality in the prisoners. If a prisoner is released before his time is served, he is released as a parole. This means that they are released, but the restrictions are greater than that of someone on probation.
  There are numerous other forms of punishment which are commonly used in conjunction with or in place of prison terms.  Monetary fines are one of the oldest forms of punishment still used today.  These fines may be paid to the state or to the victims as a form of reparation. Probation and house arrest are also sanctions which seek to limit a person's mobility and his or her opportunities to commit crimes without actually placing them in a prison setting. Furthermore, many jurisdictions may require some form of public or community service as a form of reparations for lesser offenses.  In Corrections, the Department ensures court-ordered, pre-sentence chemical dependency assessments, related Drug Offender Sentencing Alternative specific examinations and treatment will occur for offenders sentenced to Drug Offender Sentencing Alternative in compliance with RCW 9.94A.660.
  Execution or capital punishment is still used around the world.  Its use is one of the most heavily debated aspects of the criminal justice system.  Some societies are willing to use executions as a form of political control, or for relatively minor misdeeds.  Other societies reserve execution for only the most sinister and brutal offenses.  Others still have discontinued the practice entirely, accepting the use of execution to be excessively cruel and/or irreversible in case of an erroneous conviction.
caption: Qur'anic education for offenders at the Central Jail Faisalabad in Faisalabad, Pakistan
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