page_title: Epithets of Jupiter
section_title: List of epithets
hierarchical_section_title: Epithets of Jupiter / List of epithets
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Als Hochrelief gearbeitete Statuette des Jupiter Dolichenus. Er ist in ein Zivilgewand gekleidet. Die Sockelinschrift lautet: DIIS (Den Göttern) Deutsch: in der Fotothek der Epigraphische Datenbank Heidelberg F025710 F025711 Español: Parte superior de un altar romano procedente de Carnuntum (Petronell, Austria), que representa a Júpiter Dolicheno, y que corresponde a la inscripción CIL III, 11106, cuyo texto, muy afectado por el paso del tiempo dice: DIIS Museum Carnuntinum&#160;&#160;Native nameArchäologisches Museum CarnuntinumLocationBad Deutsch-AltenburgAddress Badgasse 40-46 2405 Bad Deutsch-Altenburg Austria Coordinates16°&#160;54′&#160;13″&#160;N, 48°&#160;08′&#160;24″&#160;E&#160; &#160;Established1904Websitehttp://www.carnuntum.co.at/park/archaeologisches-museum-carnuntinumAuthority control VIAF: 121582002 GND: 2058515-9
context_page_description: The numerous epithets of Jupiter indicate the importance and variety of the god's cult in ancient Roman religion.
context_section_description: Unless otherwise noted, the alphabetical list of epithets listed below are those compiled by Carl Thulin for the 1890 Paulys Real Encyclopädie. The abbreviation O.M. stands for Optimus Maximus, one of the most common epithets for Jupiter.
  Adventus O. M.  (arrival, birth)
  Aetetus O. M.
  Almus
  Amaranus
  Anxurus ("of Anxur, now Terracina")
  Appenninus ("of the Appennines")
  Arcanus (protector of the arca, arcane: at Praeneste)
  Balmarcodes O. M.
  Beellefarus
  Bronton  (thundering)
  Cacunus
  Caelestis O. M. (Heavenly)
  Caelus O. M.
  Capitolinus O. M. ("of the  Capitol")
  Casius ("of Mount Casius", the modern Jebel Aqra; a form of Baʿal Zephon)
  Ciminius (of Mount Ciminus, now Mount Cimino)
  Clitumnus (of river Clitumnus)
  Cohortalis O. M.
  Conservator ("preserver")
  Culminalis O. M.
  Cultor ("cultivator")
  Custos ("protector, warden")
  Damascenus O. M. ("of Damascus)
  Dapalis  (from daps: dinner, banquet)
  Defensor O. M.
  Depulsor O. M.
  Depulsorius O. M.
  Dianus
  Dolichenus ("of  Dolichus"; it is the ancient Teshub of the Hittites)
  Domesticus
  Diovis
  Elicius (who sends forth, elicits)
  Epulo (who gives or takes part in banquets)
  Exsuperantissimus O. M.
  Fagutalis (of the Fagutal: the god had a temple near an old oak there)
  Farreus (from the confarreatio, according to Wissowa and Dumézil.)
  Feretrius  (who is carried around or whom spoils are carried to on a frame or  litter)
  Fidius (fusion with  Dius Fidius)
  Flagius (worshipped at Cuma)
  Frugifer (who bears fruits)
  Fulgur
  Fulgurator
  Fulmen
  Fulminator
  Grabovius (in the Iguvine Tables: who is carried around on a ceremonial litter, from Etruscan crapis ceremonial litter)
  Hammon O. M. (worshipped in the oasis of Siwa)
  Heliopolitanus ("of Heliopolis Syriaca", modern Baalbek; a form of Baʿal)
  Hercius
  Hospes (hospitable or friendly). Mentioned by Ovid in Metamorphoses, Book 10, line 224. Guardian of hospitality, equivalent to Zeus Xeinios
  Imbricitor (who soaks in rainwater)
  Impulsor
  Indiges (later the divine identification of Aeneas)
  Inventor
  Invictus
  Iurarius (of oaths)
  Iutor (benefictor, beneficent)
  Iuventas
  Lapis (flintstone: the f. sends sparkles similar to lightning)
  Latiaris
  Liber (who is free, or who frees, also the semen)
  Liberator
  Libertas
  Lucetius (shining, for his lightningbolts)
  Maius (majestic, great) at Tusculum
  Maleciabrudes
  Monitor O. M.  (leader, warner)
  Nundinarius (patron of the nundinae)
  Obsequens (agreeable, complacent)
  Opitulator or Opitulus (reliever)
  Optimus Maximus (O. M.)
  Paganicus
  Pantheus
  Patronus
  Pecunia
  Pistor  (baker)
  Pluvialis (of the rains)
  Poeninus
  Praedator
  Praestes (present, protector) at Tibur
  Praestabilis
  Praestitus
  Propagator O. M.
  Propugnator
  Puer (child)
  Purgator (purifier)
  Purpurio O. M.
  Quirinus (fusion with Quirinus)
  Rector (who rules)
  Redux
  Restitutor
  Ruminus (who breastfeeds)
  Salutaris O. M.
  Savazios (fusion with Sabatius)
  Sempiternus
  Serapis (fusion with Serapis)
  Serenator (who clears the sky)
  Serenus ("clear, serene, calm; happy")
  Servator O. M. ("saviour, preserver, observer")
  Sospes ("saviour")
  Stator
  Striganus
  Succellus (fusion with Celtic god Succellus)
  Summanus
  Tempestas
  Terminus
  Territor  (who scares)
  Tifatinus (of Mount Tifata near Capua)
  Tigillus (beam of the universe)
  Tonans (thundering)
  Tonitrator (who generates thunder)
  Tutator (warden)
  Valens (strong, sound, effective)
  Versor (who overthrows or who pours rain)
  Vesuvius (worshipped at Capua)
  Viminus (of the Viminal Hill place in which the god had a temple)
  Vindex (protector, defensor)
  Vircilinus
caption: Jupiter Dolichenus, from Carnuntum
exif: {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 5D", "Image Software": "Bibble 4.9.8b", "Image DateTime": "2007:06:23 12:37:18", "Image ExifOffset": "200", "Image ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "Image WhiteBalance": "Auto", "Image SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "Image Contrast": "Normal", "Image Saturation": "Normal", "Image Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureTime": "8947849/268435456", "EXIF FNumber": "9/2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Aperture Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "1000", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2007:06:23 12:37:18", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2007:06:23 12:37:18", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "5", "EXIF ApertureValue": "35/8", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire", "EXIF FocalLength": "50", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2918", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "4378", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "790253/256", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "12661945/4096", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2"}