page_title: Spanish Colonial Revival architecture
section_title: Mexico
hierarchical_section_title: Spanish Colonial Revival architecture / Development of style / Mexico
caption_attribution_description: English: The "new" Federal District Building on the south side of the Zócalo in Mexico City. It is twin to the "old" building located next door.
context_page_description: The Spanish Colonial Revival Style is an architectural stylistic movement arising in the early 20th century in the United States, based on the Spanish Colonial architecture of the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
  The Panama-California Exposition of 1915 in San Diego, highlighting the work of architect Bertram Goodhue, is credited with giving the style national exposure. Embraced principally in California and Florida, the Spanish Colonial Revival movement enjoyed its greatest popularity between 1915 and 1931.
  Today, tract home design in Southern California and Florida largely descends from the early movement. The iconic terracotta shingles and stucco walls have been standard design of new construction in these regions from the 1970s to present.
context_section_description: The Spanish Colonial Revival of Mexico has a distinct origin from the style developed in the United States. Following the Mexican Revolution, there was a wave of nationalism that emphasized national culture, including in architecture. The neocolonial style arose as a response to European eclecticism (favored during the Porfiriato). The 1915 book La patria y la arquitectura nacional by Federico Mariscal was influential in advocating viceregal architecture as integral to national identity. During the government of President Venustiano Carranza (serving 1917 to 1920), tax exemptions were offered to those that built houses in a colonial style. In the early 1920s there was a surge of houses built with Plateresque elements; such as grotesques, pinnacles and mixtilinear arches.
  Secretary of Education José Vasconcelos (who shaped the cultural philosophy of the post-Revolution government) was an active promoter of neocolonial architecture.  Traditional materials such as tezontle, cantera and Talavera tiles were incorporated into neocolonial buildings.
  The colonial-era National Palace was significantly altered between 1926 and 1929: the addition of a third floor and changes to the facade. The modifications were done in a manner corresponding to the original style. Similarly, the colonial Mexico City government building was remodeled in the 1920s and a neocolonial companion building was built in the 1940s.
caption: The neocolonial companion building (1940s) to the colonial Mexico City palace of the ayuntamiento (1720s)
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