page_title: Margarine
section_title: United States
hierarchical_section_title: Margarine / Legal issues / United States
caption_attribution_description: English: Identifier: ladieshomejourna65janwyet (find matches) Title: The Ladies' home journal Year: 1889 (1880s) Authors: Wyeth, N. C. (Newell Convers), 1882-1945 Subjects: Women's periodicals Janice Bluestein Longone Culinary Archive Publisher: Philadelphia&#160;: (s.n.) Contributing Library: Internet Archive Digitizing Sponsor: Internet Archive View Book Page: Book Viewer About This Book: Catalog Entry View All Images: All Images From Book Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book. Text Appearing Before Image: Delicious DELRICHCOLOR P/M Margarine £■#£&gt;£ /H/X//VG SOW. Af&amp;Sf Text Appearing After Image: Americas Finest Margarinewith Sealed-ln Flavor and Freshness our first taste of the delicate flavor of.elrich convinces you! Heres Americas.inest Margarine! You enjoy flavor as sweetJ5 clover, dewy-fresh. Its the perfect spreadJr toast, hot biscuits. A flavor-luxury to useonerously in your cooking!\\ And, Delrich E-Z Color Pak Margarine istie new table spread that gives you Sealed-.1 flavor and freshness. Thousands are Switching to Delrich!heres no mess! No mixing bowl is needed! Delrich quickly blends to a luscious goldenyellow right inside the sealed bag. Enriched with 15,000 Vitamin A units perpound—Delrich supplies abundant naturalfood energy. Try it today. See why thou-sands are switching to Delrich E-Z Color PakMargarine—Americas Finest! # Delrich and E-Z Color Pak are the trademarks ofThe Cudahy Packing Co. for its margarine. Whetheryou ask for Delrich or E-Z Color Pak—theyboth mean Americas Finest Margarine. CAXTO/V-Cff/U Delrich stays in sealed bag. Clean, handy. No mol Note About Images Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.
context_page_description: Margarine is a spread used for flavoring, baking and cooking. It was named oleomargarine from Latin for oleum and Greek margarite but was later named margarine.
  Butter is made from the butterfat of milk, whereas modern margarine is made mainly of refined vegetable oil and water. In some places in the United States, it is colloquially referred to as oleo, short for oleomargarine. In Britain and Australia, it can be referred to colloquially as marge. Margarine consists of a water-in-fat emulsion, with tiny droplets of water dispersed uniformly throughout a fat phase in a stable crystalline form. In some US jurisdictions, margarine must have a minimum fat content of 80 percent to be labelled as such, the same as butter. Colloquially in the United States, the term margarine is used to describe "non-dairy spreads" with varying fat contents.
  Due to its versatility, margarine can be used as an ingredient in other food products, such as pastries, doughnuts, cakes and cookies.
context_section_description: In 1877, New York became the first U.S. state to attempt legal restriction of the sale of oleomargarine through compulsory labeling. The law, "to prevent deception in sales of butter," required retailers to provide customers with a slip of paper that identified the "imitation" product as margarine. This law proved ineffective, as it would have required an army of inspectors and chemists to enforce it. By the mid-1880s, the U.S. federal government had introduced a tax of two cents per pound, and manufacturers needed an expensive license to make or sell the product. The simple expedient of requiring oleo manufacturers to color their product distinctively was, however, left out of early federal legislation. But individual states began to require the clear labeling of margarine. The color bans, drafted by the butter lobby, began in the dairy states of New York and New Jersey. In several states, legislatures enacted laws to require margarine manufacturers to add pink colorings to make the product look unpalatable, despite the objections of the oleo manufacturers that butter dairies themselves added annatto to their product to imitate the yellow of mid-summer butter.
  By the start of the 20th century, eight out of ten Americans could not buy yellow margarine, and those who could had to pay a hefty tax on it. Bootleg colored margarine became common, and manufacturers began to supply food-coloring capsules so the consumer could knead the yellow color into margarine before serving it. Nevertheless, the regulations and taxes had a significant effect: the 1902 restrictions on margarine color, for example, cut annual consumption in the United States from 120,000,000 to 48,000,000 pounds (54,000 to 22,000 t).
  With the coming of World War I, margarine consumption increased enormously, even in countries away from the front, such as the United States. In the countries closest to the fighting, dairy products became almost unobtainable and were strictly rationed. The United Kingdom, for example, depended on imported butter from Australia and New Zealand, and the risk of submarine attacks meant little arrived.
  The long-running battle between the margarine and dairy lobbies continued: in the United States, the Great Depression brought a renewed wave of pro-dairy legislation; the Second World War, a swing back to margarine. Post-war, the margarine lobby gained power and, little by little, the main margarine restrictions were lifted, the most recent states to do so being Minnesota in 1963 and Wisconsin in 1967. Lois Dowdle Cobb (1889–1987) of Atlanta, wife of the agricultural publisher Cully Cobb, led the move in the United States to lift the restrictions on margarine. Some unenforced laws remain on the books.
caption: Cudahy's Delrich brand of margarine used a "color berry" to color its white vegetable-based margarine yellow. This 1948 advertisement demonstrates how to color the margarine inside the package
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