page_title: Magdalena Valley dry forests
section_title: Fauna
hierarchical_section_title: Magdalena Valley dry forests / Ecology / Fauna
caption_attribution_description: English: Magdalena River Turtle (Podocnemis lewyana), Medellin, Colombia
context_page_description: The Magdalena Valley dry forests is an ecoregion in Colombia along the upper Magdalena River, a large river that runs from south to north between the two main cordilleras of the Andes. There are many endemic species, but much of the original habitat has been destroyed by agriculture and over-grazing, mainly by goats.
  The habitat is not protected by any national park, and is at risk of complete destruction.
context_section_description: There are some endemic subspecies including the burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia tolimae), crested bobwhite (Colinus cristatus leucotis), velvet-fronted euphonia (Euphonia concinna) and eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus purgatus).
  Endangered mammals include the white-footed tamarin (Saguinus leucopus) and the mountain tapir (Tapirus pinchaque).
  Endangered reptiles include the Magdalena River turtle (Podocnemis lewyana).
  The region is home to the endangered tropical rattle snake Crotalus durissus.
  Other endemic or endangered species from the humid forests of the foothills include the Colombian weasel (Mustela felipei).
  Species that may be used as a source of income from supplying zoo nurseries, and thus less vulnerable, include red brocket (Mazama americana), white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), lowland paca (Cuniculus paca), Central American agouti (Dasyprocta punctata), eastern cottontail (Sylvilagus floridanus), tapeti (Sylvilagus brasiliensis), poison dart frog (Dendrobates species), toad (Bufo species), harlequin toad (Atelopus species), tree frog (Hyla species), rain frog (Eleutherodactylus species), foam nest frog (Leptodactylus species), spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus), green iguana (Iguana iguana) and boa constrictor (Boa constrictor).
  297 birds species have been reported, of which 35 were directly associated with the forest.
  Migratory birds of the Thraupidae, Parulidae and Accipitridae families pass through the region.
  The western osprey (Pandion haliaetus) visits the north of the region in the winter.
  Parrots and hummingbirds migrate from higher regions.
  Long after it was thought to be extinct and the yellow-eared parrot (Ognorhynchus icterotis) was rediscovered in the region.
  The blue-billed curassow (Crax alberti) is no longer present.
  Endangered birds include the recurve-billed bushbird (Clytoctantes alixii).
caption: The Magdalena River turtle (Podocnemis lewyana) is critically endangered.
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