page_title: Pratt & Whitney JT9D
section_title: Development
hierarchical_section_title: Pratt & Whitney JT9D / Development
caption_attribution_description: The Pratt &amp; Whitney JT9D turbofan was developed to power the current generation of wide-body commercial jets. It first ran in 1966, was flight tested in 1968, and received FAA certification in 1969. JT9D engines powered the Boeing 747 on its first flight on February 9, 1969, and entered airline service in 1970. The JT9D also powered some versions of the McDonnell Douglas DC-10, and Airbus Industrie A300 and A310. An advanced design, the JT9D was the first of the very large, high bypass ratio turbofans in commercial service. The JT9D displayed here is a pre-production engine built for ground testing rather than for flight, although it is outwardly identical to production examples. collections.nasm.si.edu/code/emuseum.asp?profile=objects&amp;...
context_page_description: The Pratt & Whitney JT9D engine was the first high bypass ratio jet engine to power a wide-body airliner. Its initial application was the Boeing 747-100, the original "Jumbo Jet". It was Pratt & Whitney's first high-bypass-ratio turbofan.
context_section_description: The JT9D program was launched in September 1965 and the first engine was tested in December 1966.
  It received its FAA certification in May 1969 and entered service in January 1970 on the Boeing 747.
  It subsequently powered the Boeing 767, Airbus A300 and A310, and Douglas DC-10.
  The enhanced JT9D-7R4 was introduced in September 1982 and was approved for 180-minute ETOPS for twinjets in June 1985.
  By 2020, the JT9D has flown more than 169 million total hours.
  Production ceased in 1990,  to be replaced by the upgraded PW4000.
  The JT9D was developed as part of the design of the C-5 Galaxy. A contract was awarded to Pratt & Whitney to study the type of large engine needed, but the production contract was eventually awarded to the General Electric TF39. The engine's first test run took place in a test rig at East Hartford, Connecticut, with the engine's first flight in June 1968 mounted on a Boeing B-52E which served as a 747 testbed.
caption: The Pratt & Whitney JT9D high-bypass turbofan engine was developed for the 747.
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