page_title: Heinrich Ewald
section_title: Works
hierarchical_section_title: Heinrich Ewald / Works
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Heinrich Ewald
context_page_description: Georg Heinrich August Ewald was a German orientalist, Protestant theologian, and Biblical exegete. He studied at the University of Göttingen. In 1827 he became extraordinary professor there, in 1831 ordinary professor of theology, and in 1835 professor of oriental languages. In 1837, as a member of the Göttingen Seven, he lost his position at Göttingen on account of his protest against King Ernst August's abrogation of the liberal constitution, and became professor of theology at the University of Tübingen. In 1848, he returned to his old position at Göttingen. When Hanover was annexed by Prussia in 1866, Ewald became a defender of the rights of the ex-king. Among his chief works are: Complete Course on the Hebrew Language, The Poetical Books of the Old Testament, History of the People of Israel, and Antiquities of the People of Israel. Ewald represented the city of Hanover as a member of the Guelph faction in the North German and German Diets.
context_section_description: The more important of Ewald's works are:
  Die Composition der Genesis kritisch untersucht (1823), an attempt to account for the use of the two names of God without recourse to the documentary hypothesis; he was not himself, however, permanently convinced by it.
  De metris carminum Arabicorum (1825)
  Des Hohelied Salomons übersetzt und erklärt (1826; 3rd ed, 1866)
  Über einige ältere Sanskritmetra (1827)
  Kritische Grammatik der hebräischen Sprache (Leipzig 1827), was abridged and published under a new title: Grammatik der hebräischen Sprache (Leipzig 1828); 2nd ed. of the abridged version (Leipzig 1835) [English translation of the 1835 ed. by John Nicholson: A Grammar of the Hebrew Language of the Old Testament (London 1836)]; 3rd ed. (Leipzig 1838). The subsequent editions [numbered 5th to 8th] were published under the title of Ausführliches Lehrbuch der hebräischen Sprache, 5th ed. (Leipzig 1844); 6th ed. (Leipzig 1855); 7th ed. (Göttingen 1863); 8th ed. (Göttingen 1870). English translation of the third part (Syntax) of the 1870 ed., by James Kennedy: Syntax of the Hebrew Language of the Old Testament (Edinburgh 1879; 1891).
  Hebräische Sprachlehre für Anfänger (Leipzig 1842); 2nd ed. (Leipzig 1855); 3rd ed. (Göttingen 1862) [English translation of the 1862 ed. by J. Frederick Smith: Ewald's Introductory Hebrew Grammar (London: Asher 1870)]; 4th ed. (Göttingen 1874).
  Liber Vakedu de Mesopotamiae expugnatae historia (1827)
  Commentarius in Apocalypsin Johannis (1828)
  Abhandlungen zur biblischen und orientalischen Literatur (1832)
  Grammatica critica linguae Arabicae (1831–1833)
  Die poetischen Bücher des alten Bundes (1835–1837, 3rd ed, 1866–1867)
  Plan dieser Zeitschrift. In: Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes 1 (1837), pp. 3–13.
  Verzeichniss der orientalischen Handschriften der Universitätsbibliothek zu Tübingen (1839)
  Die Propheten des alten Bundes (1840-1841, 2nd ed., 1867-1868 [English translation: Commentary on the Prophets of the Old Testament in five volumes]
  Geschichte des Volkes Israel (1843-1859, 3rd ed., 1864-1868 [English translation: The History of Israel in eight volumes, 1869-1883]
  Die Alterthümer des Volkes Israel (1848, 3rd ed., 1866)
  Die drei ersten Evangelien übersetzt u. erklärt (1850)
  Über das äthiopische Buch Henoch (1854)
  Über die phönikischen Ansichten von der Weltschöpfung und den geschichtlichen Wert Sanchuniathons (1857)
  Die Sendschreiben des Apostels Paulus übersetzt und erklärt (1857)
  Sprachwissenschaftliche Abhandlungen (3 parts, 1861–71)
  Die Johanneischen Schriften übersetzt und erklärt (1861–1862)
  Über des vierte Esrabuch (1863)
  The Life of Jesus Christ (1865) (translated from German by Octavius Glover) (1865)
  Sieben Sendschreiben des neuen Bundes (1870)
  Das Sendschreiben an die Hebräer und Jakobos' Rundschreiben (1870)
  Die Lehre der Bibel von Gott, oder Theologie des alten und neuen Bundes (1871–1875).
  Das Buch Ijob (1854) [English translation of the 1882 by  J. Frederick Smith: Commentary on the book of Job ISBN 0-8370-3085-4 ]
  Commentary on the Psalms (2019) ISBN 978-0530138312
  The Jahrbücher der biblischen Wissenschaft (1849–1865) were edited, and for the most part written, by him. He was the chief promoter of the Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, begun in 1837; and he frequently contributed on various subjects to the Göttingische gelehrte Anzeigen. He was also the author of many pamphlets.
caption: Heinrich Ewald
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