page_title: Aves in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae
section_title: Grallae
hierarchical_section_title: Aves in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae / Grallae
caption_attribution_description: English: Bar-Tailed Godwit (Limosa lapponica) on Tundra Description: Bar-tailed Godwits are large wading birds at about 37 to 45 cm. The Bar-tailed Godwit is a mottled brown in the upper body and a lighter buff below. It has a white underwing, and a long, slightly upturned bill. As the name suggests, the white tail is barred with brown. This is the non-breeding plumage of the Bar-tailed Godwit and is the main phase seen in Australia. The breeding plumage is darker and more rufous, with females duller than males. Young birds resemble non-breeding birds. For more information about this species visit http://www.mbr-pwrc.usgs.gov/Infocenter/i2500id.html Location: Alaska Item IDWV-3465-CD36 Source: NCTC Image Library Original Format: 35 mm slide Date created: 2005-12-20 Date modified: 2009-02-06
context_page_description: In the 10th edition of Systema Naturae published in 1758, the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus described 554 species of bird and gave each a binomial name.
  Linnaeus first included birds in the 6th edition of his Systema Naturae which was published in 1748. In it he listed 260 species arranged into 51 genera and six orders. The entries for each species were very brief; he did not include a description but instead provided a citation to an earlier publication, often to his own Fauna suecica which was published in 1746. Linnaeus generally followed the classification scheme introduced by the English parson and naturalist John Ray which grouped species based on the characteristics of their bill and feet.
  The 10th edition appeared in 1758 and was the first in which Linnaeus consistently used his binomial system of nomenclature. He increased the number of birds to 554 species which filled 116 pages compared with only 17 in the 6th edition. For each species he included both a brief description and also citations to earlier publications. He maintained 6 orders as in the 6th edition but renamed Scolopaces to Grallae.
context_section_description: Phoenicopterus (flamingoes)
  Phoenicopterus ruber – American flamingo 
  Platalea (spoonbills)
  Platalea leucorodia – Eurasian spoonbill 
  Platalea ajaja – roseate spoonbill 
  Platalea pygmea – spoon-billed sandpiper 
  Mycteria (storks)
  Mycteria americana – wood stork 
  Tantalus
  Tantalus loculator – the "wood ibis", a synonym for the wood stork 
  Ardea (herons, cranes & kin)
  Ardea pavonina – black crowned crane 
  Ardea virgo – demoiselle crane 
  Ardea canadensis – sandhill crane 
  Ardea grus – common crane 
  Ardea americana – whooping crane 
  Ardea antigone – sarus crane 
  Ardea ciconia – white stork 
  Ardea nigra – black stork 
  Ardea nycticorax – black-crowned night heron 
  Ardea cinerea – grey heron 
  Ardea herodias – great blue heron 
  Ardea violacea – yellow-crowned night heron 
  Ardea caerulea – little blue heron 
  Ardea striata – striated heron 
  Ardea virescens – green heron 
  Ardea stellaris – Eurasian bittern 
  Ardea alba – great egret 
  Ardea ibis – cattle egret 
  Ardea aequinoctialis
  Scolopax (godwits, ibises & kin)
  Scolopax rubra – scarlet ibis 
  Scolopax alba – American white ibis 
  Scolopax fusca – synonym of American white ibis 
  Scolopax totanus – common redshank 
  Scolopax arquata – Eurasian curlew 
  Scolopax phaeopus – whimbrel 
  Scolopax rusticola – Eurasian woodcock 
  Scolopax fedoa – marbled godwit 
  Scolopax glottis – common greenshank (now Tringa nebularia) 
  Scolopax limosa – black-tailed godwit 
  Scolopax gallinago – common snipe 
  Scolopax lapponica – bar-tailed godwit 
  Scolopax aegocephala – synonym of bar-tailed godwit 
  Scolopax haemastica – Hudsonian godwit 
  Tringa (phalaropes and sandpipers)
  Tringa pugnax – ruff 
  Tringa vanellus – northern lapwing 
  Tringa gambetta – common redshank 
  Tringa interpres – ruddy turnstone 
  Tringa lobata – red-necked phalarope 
  Tringa fulicaria – red phalarope 
  Tringa alpina – dunlin 
  Tringa ocrophus – green sandpiper 
  Tringa hypoleucos – common sandpiper 
  Tringa canutus – red knot 
  Tringa glareola – wood sandpiper 
  Tringa littorea – common greenshank (now Tringa nebularia) 
  Tringa squatarola – grey plover 
  Charadrius (plovers)
  Charadrius cristatus
  Charadrius hiaticula – ringed plover 
  Charadrius alexandrinus – Kentish plover 
  Charadrius vociferus – killdeer 
  Charadrius aegyptius – Egyptian plover 
  Charadrius morinellus – Eurasian dotterel 
  Charadrius apricarius – European golden plover 
  Charadrius pluvialis – synonym European golden plover 
  Charadrius oedicnemus – Eurasian stone-curlew 
  Charadrius himantopus – black-winged stilt 
  Charadrius spinosus – spur-winged lapwing 
  Recurvirostra (avocets)
  Recurvirostra avosetta – pied avocet 
  Haematopus (oystercatchers)
  Haematopus ostralegus – Eurasian oystercatcher 
  Fulica (coots & kin)
  Fulica atra – Eurasian coot 
  Fulica chloropus – common moorhen 
  Fulica porphyrio – western swamphen 
  Fulica spinosa – northern jacana 
  Rallus (rails)
  Rallus crex – corn crake 
  Rallus aquaticus – water rail 
  Rallus lariformis
  Rallus benghalensis – greater painted snipe 
  Rallus carolinus – sora 
  Psophia (trumpeters)
  Psophia crepitans – grey-winged trumpeter 
  Otis (bustards)
  Otis tarda – great bustard 
  Otis arabs – Arabian bustard 
  Otis tetrax – little bustard 
  Otis afra – black bustard 
  Struthio (ratites)
  Struthio camelus – ostrich 
  Struthio casuarius – southern cassowary 
  Struthio americanus – greater rhea 
  Struthio cucullatus – dodo 
caption: The bar-tailed godwit was named Scolopax lapponica in 1758
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