page_title: Commando
section_title: United Kingdom
hierarchical_section_title: Commando / World War II / United Kingdom
caption_attribution_description: IWM caption&#160;: OPERATION OVERLORD (THE NORMANDY LANDINGS): D-DAY 6 JUNE 1944. The British 2nd Army: Commandos of 1st Special Service Brigade landing from an LCI(S) (Landing Craft Infantry Small) on 'Queen Red' Beach, SWORD Area, at la Breche, at approximately 8.40 am, 6 June. The brigade commander, Brigadier the Lord Lovat DSO MC, can be seen striding through the water to the right of the column of men. The figure nearest the camera is the brigade's bagpiper, Piper Bill Millin.
context_page_description: A commando is a combatant, or operative of an elite light infantry or special operations force using dedicated operation techniques.
  Originally "a commando" was a type of combat unit, as opposed to an individual in that unit. In other languages, commando and kommando denote a "command", including the sense of a military or an elite special operations unit.
  In the militaries and governments of most countries, commandos are distinctive in that they specialize in unconventional assault on high-value targets. However, the term commando is sometimes used in relation to other units carrying out such tasks, including some civilian police units. Commandos differ from other types of special forces in that they primarily operate in overt combat, front-line reconnaissance and raiding, rather than long range reconnaissance and unconventional warfare.
  In English, to distinguish between an individual commando and a commando unit, the unit is occasionally capitalized.
context_section_description: In 1940, the British Army formed "independent companies", later reformed as battalion sized "commandos", thereby reviving the word. The British intended that their commandos be small, highly mobile surprise raiding and reconnaissance forces.  They intended them to carry all they needed and not remain in field operations for more than 36 hours.  Army Commandos were all volunteers selected from existing soldiers still in Britain.
  During the war the British Army Commandos spawned several other famous British units such as the Special Air Service, the Special Boat Service and the Parachute Regiment.  The British Army Commandos themselves were never regimented and were disbanded at the end of the war.
  The Special Operations Executive (SOE) also formed commando units from British and displaced European personnel (e.g., Cichociemni) to conduct raiding operations in occupied Europe. They also worked in small teams, such as the SAS, which was composed of ten or fewer commandos because that was better for special operations. One example is Norwegian Independent Company 1, which destroyed heavy water facilities in Norway in 1941.
  The Royal Navy also controlled Royal Navy Beach Parties, based on teams formed to control the evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940. These were later known simply as RN Commandos, and they did not see action until they successfully fought for control of the landing beaches (as in the disastrous Dieppe Raid of 19 August 1942). The RN Commandos, including Commando "W" from the Royal Canadian Navy, saw action on D-Day.
  In 1942, the Royal Navy's nine Royal Marines infantry battalions were reorganized as Commandos, numbered from 40 to 48, joining the British Army Commandos in combined Commando Brigades.  After the war the Army Commandos were disbanded. The Royal Marines form an enduring Brigade-strength capability as 3 Commando Brigade with supporting Army units.
  The Royal Air Force also formed 15 commando units in 1942, each of which was 150 strong. These units consisted of trained technicians, armourers and maintainers who had volunteered to undertake the commando course. These RAF commandos accompanied the Allied invasion forces in all theatres; their main role was to allow the forward operation of friendly fighters by servicing and arming them from captured air fields. However, due to the forward position of these airfields, the Royal Air Force Commandos were also trained to secure and make safe these airfields and to help defend them from enemy counterattack.
caption: British Commandos wearing the green beret and carrying the Bergen rucksack during the Normandy landings
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