page_title: Phellodon
section_title: Species
hierarchical_section_title: Phellodon / Species
caption_attribution_description: English: Phellodon sinclairii, on floor of beech forest, Upper Hutt, New Zealand.
context_page_description: Phellodon is a genus of tooth fungi in the family Bankeraceae. Species have small- to medium-sized fruitbodies with white spines on the underside from which spores are released. All Phellodon have a short stalk or stipe, and so the genus falls into the group known as "stipitate hydnoid fungi". The tough and leathery flesh usually has a pleasant, fragrant odor, and develops a cork-like texture when dry. Neighboring fruitbodies can fuse together, sometimes producing large mats of joined caps. Phellodon species produce a white spore print, while the individual spores are roughly spherical to ellipsoid in shape, with spiny surfaces.
  The genus, with about 20 described species, has a distribution that includes to Asia, Europe, North America, South America, Australia, and New Zealand. About half of the species are found in the southeastern United States, including three species added to the genus in 2013–14. Several Phellodon species were placed on a preliminary Red List of threatened British fungi because of a general decline of the genus in Europe. Species grow in a symbiotic mycorrhizal association with trees from the families Fagaceae and Pinaceae.
context_section_description: Phellodon was originally circumscribed with three species. Joost Stalpers included 13 Phellodon species in his 1993 monograph on the Thelephorales. The tenth edition of the Dictionary of the Fungi (2008) indicated 16 species in the genus. As of September 2015, Index Fungorum lists 18 species of Phellodon, not including the three eastern United States species added in 2013–14.
  Phellodon atratus K.A.Harrison (1964) – California, United States
  Phellodon brunneo-olivaceus R.E.Baird (2013) – United States
  Phellodon confluens (Pers.) Pouzar (1956) – China, eastern United States, Europe
  Phellodon excentrimexicanus R.E.Baird (1985) – Mexico
  Phellodon fibulatus K.A.Harrison (1972) – North Carolina, United States
  Phellodon fuligineoalbus (J.C.Schmidt) Baird (2013) – United States
  Phellodon implicatus R.E.Baird & S.R.Khan (1986) – Florida, United States
  Phellodon indicus Khara (1978) – Himachal Pradesh, India
  Phellodon maliensis (Lloyd) Maas Geest. (1966) – Australia, New Zealand
  Phellodon melaleucus (Sw. ex Fr.) P.Karst. (1881) – Europe, North America
  Phellodon mississippiensis R.Baird (2014) – Mississippi, United States
  Phellodon niger (Fr.) P.Karst. (1881) – Europe, North America
  Phellodon nothofagi McNabb (1971) – New Zealand
  Phellodon plicatus (Lloyd) Maas Geest. (1966) – Australia
  Phellodon putidus (G.F.Atk.) Banker (1906) – North America
  Phellodon radicatus R.E.Baird (1985) – North America
  Phellodon rufipes Maas Geest. (1971) – Japan
  Phellodon secretus Niemelä & Kinnunen (2003) –Finland
  Phellodon sinclairii (Berk.) G.Cunn. (1958) – New Zealand
  Phellodon tenuis R.E.Baird (1988) – Brazil
  Phellodon tomentosus (L.) Banker (1906) – Europe, North America
caption: Phellodon sinclairii
exif: {"Image ImageDescription": "OLYMPUS DIGITAL CAMERA", "Image Make": "OLYMPUS IMAGING CORP.", "Image Model": "FE4000,X920,X925", "Image Software": "Version 1.1", "Image DateTime": "2000:12:23 22:37:57", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "782", "Image PrintIM": "[80, 114, 105, 110, 116, 73, 77, 0, 48, 51, 48, 48, 0, 0, 37, 0, 1, 0, 20, 0, ... ]", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/15", "EXIF FNumber": "29/10", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "125", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2000:12:23 22:37:57", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2000:12:23 22:37:57", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "-7/10", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "69/25", "EXIF MeteringMode": "CenterWeightedAverage", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "109/20", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3968", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "2976", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Manual Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "31", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF GainControl": "Low gain up", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal"}