page_title: Peritoneal carcinomatosis
section_title: Serous Peritoneal implants
hierarchical_section_title: Peritoneal carcinomatosis / Spectrum of imaging findings in peritoneal carcinomatosis / Serous Peritoneal implants
caption_attribution_description: English: CT of peritoneal carcinomatosis with subdiaphragmatic plaque. For context, see en:Peritoneal carcinomatosis.
context_page_description: Peritoneal carcinomatosis is intraperitoneal dissemination of any form of cancer that does not originate from the peritoneum itself. PC is most commonly seen in abdominopelvic malignancies. Computed tomography is particularly important for detailed preoperative assessment and evaluation of the radiological Peritoneal Cancer Index. The imaging
  findings vary from simple ascites to multifocal discrete nodules and infiltrative peritoneal masses. Various tumours and tumour like conditions can mimic PC. A systematic analysis of CT imaging features is helpful to narrow down the differential diagnosis, staging and effectively guiding the patient management.
context_section_description: Micronodular: Tiny 1–5 mm milky spots of peritoneal implants diffusely involving the serosa and subserosal fat can be present.
  Micronodules are difficult to access with imaging alone.
  Nodular: Nodules with a diameter > 5 mm diffusely involving the serosa and subserosal fat can be seen.
  Plaque like: Confluence of multiple nodular implants forms irregular soft-tissue thickenings, which coat abdominal viscera and
  peritoneal walls. It is typically found in subdiaphragmatic spaces (Fig. 12).
  Mass like: Confluence of multiple nodular implants, usually in the pelvis, leads to formation of tissue mass that can reach sizes
  of several centimeters (Fig. 13).
  Morphological categories of those implants can be either solid, cystic, calcified or mixed (Fig. 14)
  Ascites, peritoneal thickening and enhancement are commonest findings, followed by omental deposits and caking. PC must be considered as the first possibility in the presence of favorable imaging features even in the absence of detectable primary tumor.
caption: Fig. 12. A. Left subdiaphragmatic plaque like peritoneal deposits in peritoneal carcinomatosis of unknown origin (Black Arrow). B. Right subdiaphragmatic plaque like peritoneal thickening (white arrow) in a 46-year-old female case of carcinoma ovary suggestive of peritoneal carcinomatosis.[2]
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