page_title: Rutherglen
section_title: Farme Cross
hierarchical_section_title: Rutherglen / Geography / Farme Cross
caption_attribution_description: English: Duchess Road Residential street, leading to industrial premises, in the Rutherglen area.
context_page_description: Rutherglen is a town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, located immediately south-east of Glasgow – 3 miles from its city centre – and directly south of the River Clyde. Having existed as a Lanarkshire burgh in its own right for more than 800 years, in 1975 Rutherglen lost its own local council and administratively became a component of the City of Glasgow District Council within the Strathclyde region. In 1996 the towns were reallocated to the South Lanarkshire council area.
context_section_description: Farme Cross is one of the boundary areas of Rutherglen and is surrounded to the north by the River Clyde with Glasgow's Dalmarnock district on the opposite bank, the two sides being linked by iron road and rail bridges dating from the 1890s, while it is separated from the old Burgh area uphill to the south by 19th century railway tracks and a 21st century motorway. It originated as the Farme estate crown property which was passed through noble families for centuries. Centred around the Farme Castle, it became known for coal mining from the early 19th century under the control of estate owner James Farie, with other industries soon following. The roads through the territory (A724 and A749) meet to join two busy routes between eastern Glasgow to the north, Rutherglen to the south and Cambuslang (via Eastfield) to the east. It was served by Glasgow's tram network providing transport for the workforces, a role still performed by buses.
  There are several historic buildings and pieces of street art here, including a set of four carved standing stones ('Boundary Stones' by Richard Brown, 2001) installed in an area of open ground to commemorate the history of the Royal Burgh and its original boundary stones, some of which (dating back to the 18th and 19th century) are themselves still in situ, mostly at Farme Cross and in the southern parts of the town. Another monument ('Slipsteam' by Joseph Ingleby, 2001) alongside the river near Dalmarnock Bridge involves metallic cogged mouldings (featuring designs by local schoolchildren) placed on brick walls and emerging in loops from the ground, and recalls local industry on the Clyde and the contours of the river itself.
  Businesses at Farme Cross were once many and varied, with the energy to operate them supplied by a large power station just over the river, where the nearby Dalmarnock, Bridgeton and Parkhead districts also developed a similar strong industrial profile. The industries included:
  the Farme Castle Colliery with two pits, associated row cottages and branch railway
  the Caledonian Pottery which was latterly operated by Hartley's Jams and was later the site of a small steel works; lying in the path of the new motorway construction, it was first subject to an excavation which uncovered the foundations of the original buildings for examination
  Scotia Bolt Works
  three dyeing works (Clyde Bank Works; David Millar & Co / Clydesdale Dye Works; Eastfield Dye Works which later became the Eastfield Chair Works)
  three tube/pipe works (Unicode; James Menzies and Co / Phoenix Tubeworks; and the adjacent James Eadie and Sons / Clydesdale Tube Works, both acquired by Stewarts & Lloyds)
  three wire rope works (John Todd & Son / Rutherglen Ropes; John Wilson & Son / Eastfield Ropery; and Clyde Patent Rope Works / Allan, Whyte and Co, acquired by British Ropes) the latter of which had a distinctive sandstone office with turret situated on the cross, demolished in the 1990s after falling into disrepair
  two paper mills (Eastfield Paper Mill near the river and the 'Old Farme' steading which has survived to the 21st century, and the larger Clyde Paper Mill off Cambuslang Road),
  Adam's Brickworks
  the Monogram bedding factory (previously used by the EKCO radio equipment company)
  By the 1970s, the vast majority of these industries had either severely contracted or in most cases closed altogether, causing severe employment difficulties for the area. The low-lying area was severely impacted by a flood in 1994, as had occurred previously in 1903, resulting in improved prevention measures being introduced. One of the firms which endured into the 21st century, Sanmex Chemicals, eventually left town in the 2010s after a merger with an Ayrshire-based rival. Another, the bottling and distribution arm of The Speyside distillery, had closed a few years earlier. Both sites were soon advertised as new investment opportunities.
  A Tesco superstore built in the early 21st century on some of the vacant former industrial land between the river and railway lines off Dalmarnock Road (specifically the Phoenix Tubeworks, 
caption: Cottage flats opposite industrial warehouse, Duchess Road (2009)
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