page_title: Demographics of Texas
section_title: Ethnicity
hierarchical_section_title: Demographics of Texas / Ethnicity
caption_attribution_description: Downtown Houston
context_page_description: Texas is the second-most populous U.S. state, with an estimated July 2019 population of 28.996 million. In recent decades, it has experienced strong population growth. Texas has many major cities and metropolitan areas, along with many towns and rural areas. Much of the population is in the major cities of Houston, San Antonio, Dallas, Fort Worth, Austin, and El Paso.
context_section_description: As of the 2010 US Census, the racial distribution in Texas was as follows: 70.4% of the population of Texas was White American; 11.8%  African American; 3.8% Asian American; 0.7% American Indian; 0.1% native Hawaiian or Pacific islander only; 10.5% of the population were of some other race only; and 2.7% were of two or more races.  Hispanics (of any race) were 37.6% of the population of the state, while Non-Hispanic Whites composed 45.3%.
  According to the 2018 US Census Bureau estimates, the population of Texas was 73.5% White (41.4% Non-Hispanic White and 32.1% Hispanic White), 12.3% Black or African American, 5.0% Asian, 0.5% Native American and Alaskan Native, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 6.0% Some Other Race, and 2.7% from two or more races. The White population continues to remain the largest racial category as Hispanics in Texas primarily identify as White (81.1%) with others identifying as Some Other Race (14.6%), Multiracial (2.4%), Black (1.0%), American Indian and Alaskan Native (0.7%), Asian (0.2%), and Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (0.1%). By ethnicity, 39.6% of the total population is Hispanic-Latino (of any race) and 60.4% is Non-Hispanic (of any race). If treated as a separate category, Hispanics are the largest minority group in Texas.
  English Americans predominate in eastern, central, and northern Texas; German Americans, in central and western Texas. African Americans, who historically made up one-third of the state population, are concentrated in parts of northern, eastern and east-central Texas as well as in the Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio metropolitan areas.
  As in other Southern states settled largely in the 19th century, the vast majority have European ancestry: Irish, English and German. Texas includes a diverse set of European ancestries, due both to historical patterns of settlement from the Southeastern United States, as well as contemporary dynamics.  Frontier Texas saw settlements of Germans, particularly in Fredericksburg and New Braunfels.  Many Romanians, Dutch, Germans from Switzerland and Austria, Poles, Russians, Swedes, Norwegians, Czechs, Slovaks, Italians, and French immigrated at least in part because of the European revolutions of 1848.  This immigration continued until World War I and the 1920s.  The influence of these diverse European immigrants survives in the town names, architectural styles, music, and cuisine in Texas.
  Lavaca County, for example, is over one-quarter Czech American, Seguin has a large Slovak American community, and Nederland has many Dutch Americans whose ancestors immigrated from the Netherlands. 
    In the 1980 United States Census the largest ancestry group reported in Texas was English, forming 3,083,323 or 27% of the population.  Their ancestry primarily goes back to the original thirteen colonies and for this reason many of them today simply claim American ancestry.
  As of 2010, 37% of Texas residents had Hispanic ancestry; these include recent immigrants from Mexico, Central America, and South America, as well as Tejanos, whose ancestors have lived in Texas as early as the 1700s.  Tejanos are the largest ancestry group in southern Duval County and amongst the largest in and around Bexar County, including San Antonio, where over one million Hispanics live. The state has the second largest Hispanic population in the United States, behind California.
  Hispanics dominate southern, south-central, and western Texas and form a significant portion of the residents in the cities of Dallas, Houston, and Austin.  The Hispanic population contributes to Texas having a younger population than the American average, because Hispanic births have outnumbered non-Hispanic white births since the early 1990s.  In 2007, for the first time since the early nineteenth century, Hispanics accounted for more than half of all births (50.2%), while non-Hispanic whites accounted for just 34%.
  In 2016 the state had 59,115 persons of Cuban origin. 6,157 of them lived in Travis County.
  Texas has one of the largest African-American populations in the country. African Americans are c
caption: Houston
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