page_title: Pío de Tristán
section_title: Battle of Salta
hierarchical_section_title: Pío de Tristán / Biography / Battle of Salta
caption_attribution_description: Battle of Salta (Argentine insurgents against the Spanish). Batalla de Salta, 20 de febrero de 1813. Triunfo patriota contra los realistas. Óleo sobre tela. Dimensiones: 77 cm por 127 cm. Donación de: Comisión de Homenaje al Gral. Belgrano. Complejo Museográfico Provincial 'Enrique Udaondo'. Luján. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Argentina.
context_page_description: Juan Pío de Tristán y Moscoso was a Peruvian general and politician who served as the second President of South Peru from October 12, 1838 to February 23, 1839. He was nominally the last viceroy of Peru, serving in that capacity from December 1824 to January 23, 1826, but not exercising power.
context_section_description: He led a Royalist force into the territory of present-day Argentina after the Battle of Guaqui. He was defeated at Tucumán and again at Salta, by one of his classmates at Salamanca, rebel General Manuel Belgrano. The Battle of Salta took place on February 20, 1813. Belgrano had been sent by the Second Triumvirate (of insurgents in Buenos Aires) to attack the city, at the northern extremity of the old Viceroyalty of Rio de la Plata. This he did, completely defeating the troops of Tristán. It was the first military victory achieved under the flag of Argentina.
  After his defeat, Tristán signed a 40-day truce and returned to Peru. The defeat of the Royalists at Salta gave the insurgents domination over the northern part of the old viceroyalty and also led to revolts against the Spanish in Charcas, Potosí and, later, Cochabamba, Alto Perú (now Bolivia). At the expiration of the truce, General Belgrano followed Tristán into Alto Perú, entering the territory of Charcas on May 7, 1813. However, Belgrano was defeated at Vilcapugio on November 1, and again at Ayohuma on November 14.
caption: The Battle of Salta, 1813
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