page_title: Anatoly Perminov
section_title: Career
hierarchical_section_title: Anatoly Perminov / Career
caption_attribution_description: English: NASA Administrator Charles Bolden, Left, and Head of the Russian Federal Space Agency, Anatoly Perminov turn to pose for a photograph at Mission Control Centre Moscow in Korolev, Russia shortly after the successful docking of the Soyuz TMA-16 spacecraft with the International Space Station marking the start of Expedition 21 with Flight Engineer Jeffrey N. Williams, Expedition 21 Flight Engineer Maxim Suraev, and Space-flight Participant Guy Laliberté.
context_page_description: Anatoly Nikolayevich Perminov is a Russian rocket scientist and a mechanical engineer. He served as the General Director of Russian Federal Space Agency in 2004–2011.
context_section_description: Anatoly Perminov graduated in 1967 from a military college with a degree in mechanical engineering, specializing in rocket engines. In 1976, he earned an advanced degree in Moscow from the Military Academy. In 1991 he again earned an advanced degree in Moscow from the Military Academy, after which he was appointed to the head of the Russian Department of Defense research test site. Here he organized the launch of hundreds of satellites and ICBMs. In August 1993 he became the head of operations for missile weapons in the Strategic Missile Forces. He was then the director of Roskosmos from March 2004 to 2011.
  Perminov has a PhD in engineering, and has authored more than 70 scientific papers and articles on space exploration. He is a professor of the Moscow Aviation Institute, where he chairs the institute's Operations of Launch Vehicles and Spacecraft department.
  On 29 April 2011, Perminov was replaced with Vladimir Popovkin as the director of Roscosmos. The 65-year-old Perminov was over the legal limit for state officials, and had received some criticism after a failed GLONASS launch.
caption: NASA administrator Charles Bolden meets Anatoly Perminov at Mission Control Centre Moscow in Korolev, Russia.
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