page_title: Anak Krakatoa
section_title: Activity
hierarchical_section_title: Anak Krakatoa / Activity
caption_attribution_description: English: The thick brown plume of ash, steam and volcanic gas rising from Anak Krakatau in this true-colour image is a common sight at the volcano.
context_page_description: Anak Krakatoa is an island in a caldera in the Sunda Strait between the islands of Java and Sumatra in the Indonesian province of Lampung. On December 29, 1927, Anak Krakatoa emerged from the caldera formed in 1883 by the explosive volcanic eruption that destroyed the island of Krakatoa. There has been sporadic eruptive activity at the site since the late 20th century, culminating with a large underwater collapse of the volcano which caused a deadly tsunami in December 2018, followed by subsequent activity in 2019 and an eruption in April 2020. Due to its young age, the island is one of several in the area which are of considerable interest to volcanologists, and the subject of extensive study.
context_section_description: Until its 2018 collapse, Anak Krakatau had grown at 13 cm (5.1 in) per week on average since the 1950s. This equates to an average growth of 6.8 m (22 ft) per year. The island remains active in January 2019, with its most recent eruptive episode having begun in 1994. Quiet periods of a few days have alternated with almost continuous Strombolian eruptions since then. Hot gases, rocks, and lava were released in an eruption in April 2008. Scientists monitoring the volcano warned people to stay out of a 3 km (1.9 mi) zone around the island. On 6 May 2009, the Volcanological Survey of Indonesia raised the eruption alert status of Anak Krakatoa to Level III. An expedition to the volcano revealed that a 100 m (330 ft) wide lava dome was growing in its crater.
  
  In January 2012, volcanologists at the University of Oregon warned that a tsunami caused by flank collapse of Anak Krakatoa was likely, as it had formed on a steep slope at an edge of the big caldera formed in 1883. A new eruptive phase was observed from June 2018, and on 15 October 2018, Anak Krakatau had a strong Strombolian to weak Vulcanian eruption that sent lava bombs into the water, with one almost hitting a nearby boat. The eruption was recorded on video.
caption: 2010: The thick brown plume of ash, steam and volcanic gas rising from Anak Krakatao in this true-colour satellite image is a common sight at the stratovolcano.
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