page_title: Norman Cross Prison
section_title: Insubordination and escapes
hierarchical_section_title: Norman Cross Prison / Insubordination and escapes
caption_attribution_description: English: Building removed from Norman Cross in April 1816 and converted to cottages in Peterborough. Photographed in 1913.
context_page_description: Norman Cross Prison was the world's first purpose-built prisoner-of-war camp or "depot" built during the Napoleonic Wars by the Navy.
  Norman Cross lies near Peterborough, Cambridgeshire. Traditionally in Huntingdonshire, it gave its name to a hundred and, from 1894 to 1974, Norman Cross Rural District. The junction of the A1 and A15 roads is here.
context_section_description: Insubordination was rife among prisoners. A force of Shropshire militia, a battalion of army reserve and a volunteer force from Peterborough were required to restrain the prisoners from breaking out during a particular period of defiance. As a boy, author George Borrow lived for two years at the camp with his father Lieutenant Thomas Borrow of the West Norfolk Militia; He described the place in Lavengro.
  Six prisoners escaped in April 1801. Three of them were caught at Boston, Lincolnshire and the remaining three were caught in a fishing boat off the Norfolk coast. Each year the number of attempts to escape increased, as did the numbers in each escape. Three groups of 16 men each escaped in late 1801.
  Incomplete tunnels were discovered in 1802.
  After two major escape attempts in 1804 and 1807, the wooden stockade fence was replaced with a brick wall.
  One prisoner, Charles Francois Bourchier, stabbed a civilian Alexander Halliday while attempting to escape on 9 September 1808. He was convicted at the Huntingdon Assizes and sentenced to death by hanging. He was executed at the prison in front of the prisoners and the whole garrison. This was the only civil execution at Norman Cross. After the stabbing, the entire prison was searched and 700 daggers were found.
  In January 1812, a French prisoner was shot whilst escaping after he had overpowered a guard and stolen a bayonet.
  During August 1813, escaped prisoners from Norman Cross were discovered as far away as Hampshire.
caption: Building removed from Norman Cross in April 1816 and converted to cottages in Peterborough. Photographed in 1913.
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