page_title: Marienberg Fortress
section_title: Inner court
hierarchical_section_title: Marienberg Fortress / Architecture / Inner court
caption_attribution_description: Seit 1250 war die Festung Marienberg der Sitz der Würzburger Bischöfe. Diese bauten die mittelalterliche Burg zu barocken Festungsanlage aus. Zwischen den Jahren 1720 bis 1744 wurde die Hofhaltung der Bischöfe in die neue Stadtresidenz verlegt. Von da an bis 1938 wurde die Veste militärisch genutzt. Im Jahre 1945 durch die Bomben der Alliierten stark zerstört, wurde sie in den kommenden Jahrzehnten wieder aufgebaut. Die Baumaßnahmen wurden mit der Eröffnung des Fürstenbaumuseums 1990 abgeschlossen ( Infotafel in der Festung )
context_page_description: Marienberg Fortress is a prominent landmark on the left bank of the Main river in Würzburg, in the Franconia region of Bavaria, Germany. The mighty Fortress Marienberg is a symbol of Würzburg and served as a home of the local prince-bishops for nearly five centuries. It has been a fort since ancient times. Most of the current structures originally were built in Renaissance and Baroque styles between the 16th and 18th centuries. After Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden conquered the area in 1631 during the Thirty Years' War, the castle was reconstructed as a Baroque residence. After it ceased to serve as residence of the Bishops of Würzburg, the fortress saw repeated action in the wars of the late 18th and 19th centuries. Festung Marienberg was severely damaged by British bombs in March 1945 and only fully rebuilt in 1990. Today, it houses two museums.
context_section_description: The inner court features the free-standing Romanesque 13th century Bergfried (keep), the Renaissance well house from 1603 and the Marienkirche (or St Mary's Church). The Bergfried was originally known as Mittlerer Turm or Wartturm, the actual keep of the fortress was the predecessor of today's Kilianstum. The church's foundations go back to the 8th century, but the structure has seen repeated alterations over the centuries. While the basic form of two cylinders placed on top of each other remains, the building's proportions were changed in the 13th century and the size of the windows increased. The domed roof and the Echterchor were added by Bishop Echter. The interior also mostly dates to his reign, and reflects the Renaissance style with first indications of the coming Baroque period. The altars inside are Baroque.
caption: Inner court with Bergfried, well house and Marienkirche
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