page_title: Ferdows
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Ferdows / History
caption_attribution_description: English: Iran provinces in Abbasid Caliphateالعربية: المحافظات الإيرانية في فترة الحكم العباسي.فارسی: نقشه استانهای ایران در زمان خلفای عباسیمصرى: دى محافظات ايران ايام احتلال العباسى العربى.
context_page_description: Ferdows is a city and capital of Ferdows County, located in the north of South Khorasan Province in Iran. It is about 345 kilometres south of Mashhad and 200 km northwest of Birjand. At the 2011 census, its population was 28,695, in 8,749 families.
  After the Khorasan province was divided into 3 provinces, Ferdows County was initially a part of Razavi Khorasan province, but was incorporated within the borders of South Khorasan Province in March 2007.
context_section_description: Founded by the Medes, Ferdows is currently a city. It was a large and famous city in ancient days. There is an unproven theory that the town's name in ancient days was "Taban" (or shining; تابان in Persian). In Islamic times it became known as Toon or Tūn, a name retained until 1929, when it was changed to Ferdows.
  The first people to inhabit Ferdows were traditionally a group of Sagartians. Toon was a famous and thriving city both before and during the Islamic era, until the raid of the Mongols. It was one of the most prominent cities of Ghohestan, along with Qaen; Nasir Khusraw mentioned Toon as a large city in the 11th century. Toon was plundered and destroyed by the Mongols in 1239. After the Mongol invasion, Toon eventually recovered and became one of the major cities of Ghohestan again. Marco Polo mentioned the south Khorasan region as Toonoqaen, apparently in reference to the two largest cities, Toon and Qaen.
  Ferdows was still a famous and prosperous city in Khorasan at the beginning of the 20th century and the Municipality of Ferdows, originally formed in 1925 (under the name of Toon), was one of the first Municipalities of Khorasan province. But the city was devastated in a huge earthquake in 1968 and significantly declined thereafter.
caption: Map of Iran during Abbasid Caliphate. Toon (Ferdows), Qaen and Tabas are the cities indicated in Quhistan (Nowadays South Khorasan Province).
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