page_title: Ligures
section_title: The Regio IX Liguria
hierarchical_section_title: Ligures / History / Under Roman rule / The Regio IX Liguria
caption_attribution_description: English: Possible statue of Roman Emperor Pertinax, originating from Apulum (modern Alba-Iulia, Romania). In display at National Museum of the Union. Close up.
context_page_description: The Ligures were an ancient population that gave the name to Liguria, a region of north-western Italy.
  In pre-Roman times, the Ligurians occupied present-day Italian regions of Liguria, Piedmont south of the Po river and north-western Tuscany, and the French region of PACA. However, it is generally believed that around 2000 BC, the Ligurians occupied a much larger area, including much of north-western Italy up to all of northern Tuscany north of the Arno river, southern France and presumably part of modern Catalonia, in the north-east of Iberian Peninsula.
  Little is known of the Old Ligurian language, the lack of inscriptions does not allow a certain linguistic classification: Pre-Indo-European or an Indo-European language of the Celtic language family. The problem is closely related to the lack of inscriptions, and to the equally mysterious origin of the ancient Ligurian people. The linguistic hypotheses are mainly based on toponyms and names of persons.
context_section_description: Around 7 BC, Augustus divided Italy into eleven regiones, as reported by Pliny the Elder in his Naturalis Historia. The ex-province of Gallia cisalpina  was divided among four of the eleven regions of Italy: Regio VIII Gallia Cispadana, Regio IX Liguria, Regio X Venetia et Histria and Regio XI Gallia Transpadana. One of this was The Regio IX Liguria, in 6 A.D. Genoa became the centre of this region  and the Ligurian populations moved towards the definitive Romanisation.
  The official historical name did not have the Liguria apposition, due to the contemporary academic use of naming the Augustan regions according to the populations they understood. Royal IX included only the Ligurian territory. This territory extended from the Maritime and Cottian Alps and the Var river (to the west) to  the Trebbia and the Magra bordering Regio VIII Aemilia and Regio VII Etruria (to the east), and the Po to North.
  
  The description of the IX regio Italiae goes back to Pliny: "patet ora Liguriae inter amnes Varum et Macram XXXI Milia passuum. Haec regio ex descriptione Augusti nona est". 
  This region was smaller than the original area occupied by the Ligurians in more ancient times: it was probably that in this province the purest Ligurian ethnicity was still preserved, while in nearbies Regio XI Transpadana (North of Po river) and in Provence the tribes were heavy celtised.
  People with Ligurian names were living south of Placentia, in Italy, as late as 102 AD.
  In 126 A.D.  the Liguria region was the birthplace of Pertinax, Roman soldier and politician who became Roman Emperor.
caption: Pertinax, Roman emperor in 193 A.D. from Alba Pompeia, Liguria.
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