page_title: Hugh S. Johnson
section_title: Early life
hierarchical_section_title: Hugh S. Johnson / Early life
caption_attribution_description: English: US Army Distinguished Service Medal. Русский: Медаль Армии США «За выдающиеся заслуги».
context_page_description: Hugh Samuel Johnson was a U.S. Army officer, businessman, speech writer, government official and newspaper columnist. He is best known as a member of the Brain Trust of Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1932–34. He wrote numerous speeches for FDR and helped plan the New Deal. Appointed head of the National Recovery Administration in 1933, he was highly energetic in his "blue eagle" campaign to reorganize American business to reduce competition and raise wages and prices. Schlesinger and Ohl conclude that he was an excellent organizer, but that he was also domineering, abusive, outspoken, and unable to work harmoniously with his peers. The NRA was terminated by a 1935 ruling of the Supreme Court, and Johnson left the administration after a little more than a year.
context_section_description: He was born in Fort Scott, Kansas in 1882 to Samuel L. and Elizabeth (née Mead) Johnson.
  His paternal grandparents, Samuel and Matilda (MacAlan) Johnson, emigrated to the United States from Ireland in 1837 and originally settled in Brooklyn, New York. Hugh's father was a lawyer, and he attended public school in Wichita, Kansas, before the family moved to Alva, Oklahoma Territory. He attempted to run away from home to join the Oklahoma state militia at the age of 15, but he was apprehended by his family before he left town. His father promised to try to secure him an appointment to the United States Military Academy (West Point), and was successful in obtaining an alternate appointment. Johnson himself discovered that the individual who was first in line for the appointment was too old, and convinced him to step aside so that Johnson could enter the Academy.
caption: The Army Distinguished Service Medal, awarded to Brig. Gen. Hugh S. Johnson
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