page_title: Mast cell
section_title: Physiology
hierarchical_section_title: Mast cell / Physiology
caption_attribution_description: English: Structure of FcεR1 on mast cell. FcεR1 is a tetramer made of one alpha (α) chain, one beta (β) chain, and two gamma (γ) chains. IgE is binding to α chain, signal is transduced by ITAM motifs on β and γ chains. Čeština: Struktura FcεR1 na žírných buňkách. Receptor je tvořen čtyřmi řetězci: jedním α řetězcem, který váže IgE, jedním β řetězcem a dvěma γ řetězci. Signalizace do buňky je spuštěna fosforylací ITAM motivů na β a γ řetězcích.
context_page_description: A mast cell is a migrant cell of connective tissue that contains many granules rich in histamine and heparin. Specifically, it is a type of granulocyte derived from the myeloid stem cell that is a part of the immune and neuroimmune systems. Mast cells were discovered by Paul Ehrlich in 1877. Although best known for their role in allergy and anaphylaxis, mast cells play an important protective role as well, being intimately involved in wound healing, angiogenesis, immune tolerance, defense against pathogens, and the blood–brain barrier function.
  The mast cell is very similar in both appearance and function to the basophil, another type of white blood cell. Although mast cells were once thought to be tissue resident basophils, it has been shown that the two cells develop from different hematopoietic lineages and thus cannot be the same cells.
caption: Structure of FcεR1 on mast cell. FcεR1 is a tetramer made of one alpha (α) chain, one beta (β) chain, and two gamma (γ) chains. IgE is binding to α chain, signal is transduced by ITAM motifs on β and γ chains.
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