page_title: John Keats's 1819 odes
section_title: To Autumn
hierarchical_section_title: John Keats's 1819 odes / Poems / To Autumn
caption_attribution_description: First page of John Keats autograph manuscript of his poem "To Autumn".
context_page_description: In 1819, John Keats composed six odes, which are among his most famous and well-regarded poems. Keats wrote the first five poems, "Ode on a Grecian Urn", "Ode on Indolence", "Ode on Melancholy", "Ode to a Nightingale", and "Ode to Psyche" in quick succession during the spring, and he composed "To Autumn" in September. While the exact order in which Keats composed the poems is unknown, some critics contend that they form a thematic whole if arranged in sequence. As a whole, the odes represent Keats's attempt to create a new type of short lyrical poem, which influenced later generations.
context_section_description: "To Autumn" is a 33-line poem broken into three stanzas of 11. It discusses how autumn is both a force of growth and maturation, and deals with the theme of approaching death. While the earlier 1819 odes perfected techniques and allowed for variations that appear within "To Autumn", Keats dispenses with some aspects of the previous poems (such as the narrator) to focus on the themes of autumn and life. The poem discusses ideas without a progression of the temporal scene, an idea that Keats termed as "stationing".  The three stanzas of the poem emphasize this theme by shifting the imagery from summer to early winter and also day turning into dusk.
caption: Unrestored manuscript copy of "To Autumn"
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