page_title: Peace and conflict studies
hierarchical_section_title: Peace and conflict studies
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch&#x3a;&#32; Die Skulptur "Versöhnung" von Josefina de Vasconcellos wurde zum 10. Jahrestag der Öffnung Berliner Mauer am 9. November 1999 vor der Kapelle der Versöhnung in Berlin aufgegestellt. Das Original (1977) steht in der School of Peace Studies an der Universität Bradford. Weitere Kopien der Skulptur stehen in Hiroshima, in der Kathedrale von Coventry und in Stormont Estate, Belfast.English&#x3a;&#32; The sculpture 'Reconciliation' by Josefina de Vasconcellos was made on the 10th anniversary of the opening of the Berlin Wall on 9 November 1999 in front of the Chapel of Reconciliation in Berlin. The original (1977) is available in the School of Peace Studies at Bradford University. Additional copies of the sculpture are in Hiroshima, in the cathedral of Coventry and at Stormont Estate, Belfast.Français&#x202f;&#x3a;&#32; La sculpture «Réconciliation» par Josefina de Vasconcellos a été faite sur le 10e anniversaire de l'ouverture du mur de Berlin le 9 Novembre 1999 à l'avant de la chapelle de la Réconciliation à Berlin. L'original (1977) est disponible à l'École des études sur la paix à l'Université de Bradford. Des exemplaires supplémentaires de la sculpture sont à Hiroshima, dans la cathédrale de Coventry et à Stormont Estate, Belfast.
context_page_description: Peace and conflict studies is a social science field that identifies and analyzes violent and nonviolent behaviours as well as the structural mechanisms attending conflicts, with a view towards understanding those processes which lead to a more desirable human condition. A variation on this, peace studies, is an interdisciplinary effort aiming at the prevention, de-escalation, and solution of conflicts by peaceful means, thereby seeking "victory" for all parties involved in the conflict.
  This social science is in contrast to military studies, which has as its aim on the efficient attainment of victory in conflicts, primarily by violent means to the satisfaction of one or more, but not all, parties involved. Disciplines involved may include philosophy, political science, geography, economics, psychology, sociology, international relations, history, anthropology, religious studies, and gender studies, as well as a variety of others. Relevant sub-disciplines of such fields, such as peace economics, may be regarded as belonging to peace and conflict studies also.
context_section_description: Peace and conflict studies is a social science field that identifies and analyzes violent and nonviolent behaviours as well as the structural mechanisms attending conflicts (including social conflicts), with a view towards understanding those processes which lead to a more desirable human condition. A variation on this, peace studies (irenology), is an interdisciplinary effort aiming at the prevention, de-escalation, and solution of conflicts by peaceful means, thereby seeking "victory" for all parties involved in the conflict. 
  This social science is in contrast to military studies, which has as its aim on the efficient attainment of victory in conflicts, primarily by violent means to the satisfaction of one or more, but not all, parties involved. Disciplines involved may include philosophy, political science, geography, economics, psychology, sociology, international relations, history, anthropology, religious studies, and gender studies, as well as a variety of others. Relevant sub-disciplines of such fields, such as peace economics, may be regarded as belonging to peace and conflict studies also.
caption: Copy of the sculpture Reconciliation by Josefina de Vasconcellos (1977), initially presented to the Bradford University Department of Peace Studies, located in front of the Chapel of Reconciliation at the former site of the Berlin Wall
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