page_title: John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk
hierarchical_section_title: John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk
caption_attribution_description: English: In stained glass in Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford. Window 1, North Aisle, The "John Tenniel Window". The shield above shows the arms of Mowbray (Gules, a lion rampant argent). Kneeling at left is Lady Elizabeth Talbot, daughter of the first Earl of Shrewsbury, and wife of John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk (1444–1476), of the 1397 (Mowbray) creation. On her kirtle she displays her paternal arms Gules, a lion rampant or a bordure engrailed of the last (Talbot) and on her mantle shows Gules, three lions passant guardant or a label of three points argent (Brotherton, for Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk, a younger son of King Edward I and ancestor of the Duke of Norfolk). Below is inscribed in Latin: Elizabeta nat(a) Talbot Ducissa Norfoltia ("Elizabeth born Talbot, Duchess of Norfolk"). This image is believed by some to have been the inspiration for John Tenniel’s drawing of the Duchess in Lewis Carroll’s "Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland", but others claim Tenniel based his work on a sixteenth century Flemish painting. Kneeling at right is Agnes Tilney, the wife of Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk (1443–1524), of the 1483 (Howard) creation. On her kirtle she displays her paternal arms Azure, a chevron between three griffin's heads erased or (Tilney) and on her mantle the quartered arms of Howard, her husband (1&amp;4: Gules, a bend between six cross crosslets fitchy argent (Howard); 2&amp;3: grand quarterly first and fourth Brotherton second and third Mowbray). Below is inscribed in Latin: Elizabeta nat(a) Tilney ux(or) Thomae Howard ("Elizabeth born Tilney wife of Thomas Howard") Source: Horton, John, The Escutcheon (Cambridge University Heraldic and Genealogical Society), Volume 11, Number 3 – Easter Term, 2006, Society Visit to Long Melford [1]
context_page_description: John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk, KG, known as 1st Earl of Surrey between 1451 and 1461, was the only son of John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk and Eleanor Bourchier. His maternal grandparents were William Bourchier, Count of Eu and Anne of Gloucester.
  In 1451 the earldom of Surrey was revived for him. Mowbray was descended from a sister of the last earl of the previous creation.
  In 1461 he succeeded his father as 4th Duke of Norfolk and hereditary Earl Marshal. He continued his father's efforts to possess Caister Castle, finally taking it in September 1469 after a siege. John Paston had inherited Caister from John Fastolf in 1459 and was in charge of defending it. Although Paston had been in Mowbray's service for several years, Mowbray showed a notable ruthlessness in his conduct of the siege, in which one Daubenay, a long-standing Paston servant, was killed. Under pressure from the Church, Norfolk did at least grant the other defenders a safe conduct. In 1476, within a day of Norfolk's death, the Paston family took Caister back again.
  Norfolk was invested as a Knight of the Garter in 1472. He died very suddenly, having apparently been in good health the day before.
context_section_description: John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk, KG (18 October 1444 – 14 January 1476), known as 1st Earl of Surrey between 1451 and 1461, was the only son of John de Mowbray, 3rd Duke of Norfolk and Eleanor Bourchier. His maternal grandparents were William Bourchier, Count of Eu and Anne of Gloucester.
  In 1451 the earldom of Surrey was revived for him. Mowbray was descended from a sister of the last earl of the previous creation.
  In 1461 he succeeded his father as 4th Duke of Norfolk and hereditary Earl Marshal. He continued his father's efforts to possess Caister Castle, finally taking it in September 1469 after a siege. John Paston had inherited Caister from John Fastolf in 1459 and was in charge of defending it. Although Paston had been in Mowbray's service for several years, Mowbray showed a notable ruthlessness in his conduct of the siege, in which  one Daubenay, a long-standing Paston servant, was killed. Under pressure from the Church, Norfolk did at least grant the other defenders a safe conduct. In 1476, within a day of Norfolk's death, the Paston family took Caister back again.
  Norfolk was invested as a Knight of the Garter in 1472. He died very suddenly, having apparently been in good health the day before.
  He married Elizabeth Talbot, daughter of John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury and his second wife Lady Margaret Beauchamp. They had only one child, Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk, and so the 1397 creation of the dukedom became extinct upon his death. Anne, who was only 3 years old when her father died, inherited the earldom and his extensive lands and wealth.
  The dukedom would be recreated in 1481 and again in 1483.  The 1483 creation survives to the present day, despite two periods of forfeiture.
caption: Left: Lady Elizabeth Talbot, wife of John de Mowbray, 4th Duke of Norfolk (1444–1476). On her kirtle she displays her paternal arms Gules, a lion rampant or a bordure engrailed of the last (Talbot) and on her mantle shows Gules three lions passant guardant or a label of three points argent (Brotherton, for Thomas of Brotherton, 1st Earl of Norfolk, a younger son of King Edward I and ancestor of the Duke of Norfolk). Below is inscribed in Latin: Elizabeta nat(a) Talbot Ducissa Norfoltia ("Elizabeth born Talbot, Duchess of Norfolk"). Stained glass in Holy Trinity Church, Long Melford, Suffolk
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