page_title: New Zealand giraffe weevil
section_title: References
hierarchical_section_title: New Zealand giraffe weevil / References
caption_attribution_description: English: A New Zealand giraffe weevil (Lasiorhynchus barbicornis) on a pare or lintel carved by Denis Conway in 1990, on display at the New Zealand Arthropod Collection, Landcare Research, Auckland.
context_page_description: The New Zealand giraffe weevil, Lasiorhynchus barbicornis, is a distinctive straight-snouted weevil in the subfamily Brentinae, endemic to New Zealand. L. barbicornis is New Zealand's longest beetle, and shows extreme sexual dimorphism: males measure up to 90 mm, and females 50 mm, although there is an extreme range of body sizes in both sexes. In males the elongated snout can be nearly as long as the body. Male giraffe weevils use this long rostrum to battle over females, although small males can avoid conflict and 'sneak' in to mate with females, sometimes under the noses of large males. The larval weevils tunnel into wood for at least two years before emerging, and live for only a few weeks as adults.
context_section_description: Kuschel, G. (2003). Nemonychidae, Belidae, Brentidae: (Insecta: Coleoptera: Curculionoidea). Fauna of New Zealand. Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand: Manaaki Whenua Press. ISBN 978-0-478-09348-3.
  Kuschel, G (1970). "New Zealand Curculionoidea from Captain Cook's voyages (Coleoptera)". New Zealand Journal of Science. 13: 191–205. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  Gibbs, George (8 July 2013). "Insects – overview - In the bush". Te Ara - the Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 25 March 2016.
  Toki, Nicola (30 July 2012). "See no weevil…". Stuff. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 7 April 2016.
  "kiwi - Māori Dictionary". maoridictionary.co.nz. Retrieved 2018-09-19.
  Crowe, Andrew (2002). Which New Zealand Insect?. North Shore: Penguin Books. ISBN 9780141006369.
  Painting, Christina J.; Holwell, Gregory I. (2013). "Exaggerated Trait Allometry, Compensation and Trade-Offs in the New Zealand Giraffe Weevil (Lasiorhynchus barbicornis)". PLOS One. 8 (11): e82467. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0082467. PMC 3842246. PMID 24312425.
  Painting, C. J.; Buckley, T. R.; Holwell, G. I. (2014). "Weapon allometry varies with latitude in the New Zealand giraffe weevil". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 27 (12): 2864–2870. doi:10.1111/jeb.12517. PMID 25303121.
  Painting, Christina J.; Holwell, Gregory I. (2015). "Temporal variation in body size and weapon allometry in the New Zealand giraffe weevil". Ecological Entomology. 40 (4): 486–489. doi:10.1111/een.12199.
  Painting, C. J.; Holwell, G. I. (2014). "Observations on the ecology and behaviour of the New Zealand giraffe weevil (Lasiorhynchus barbicornis)". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 41 (2): 147–153. doi:10.1080/03014223.2013.854816.
  Reekie, Steve. "Giraffe Weevil". Trek Nature. Trek Nature. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  Lindsay, Terrence; Morris, Rod (2000). Collins Field Guide to New Zealand Wildlife. Auckland: HarperCollins. ISBN 9781869508814.
  Meads, M.J. (1976). "Some Observations on Lasiorhynchus barbicornis (Brentidae: Coleoptera)" (PDF). New Zealand Entomologist. 6 (2): 171–176. doi:10.1080/00779962.1976.9722234. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 January 2016. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  Painting, Christina J.; Holwell, Gregory I. (2014). "Exaggerated rostra as weapons and the competitive assessment strategy of male giraffe weevils". Behavioral Ecology. 25 (5): 1223–1232. doi:10.1093/beheco/aru119.
  Painting, C.J.; Holwell, G.I. (2014). "Flexible alternative mating tactics by New Zealand giraffe weevils" (PDF). Behavioral Ecology. online in advance of print. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  "Male giraffe weevils battle it out for female's affections". ONE News Now. TVNZ. 27 August 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  Painting, Chrissie (31 March 2016). "Autumn fun with giraffe weevils". Chrissie Painting, Behavioural Ecologist. Retrieved 3 April 2016.
  May, Brenda M. (1993). Larvae of Curculionoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera): a systematic overview. Fauna of New Zealand. Lincoln, New Zealand: Manaaki Whenua Press. ISBN 978-0-478-04505-5.
  Miller, David (1971). Common Insects in New Zealand. Wellington: A. H. & A. W. Reed. p. 79.
  Painting, Christina J.; Buckley, Thomas R.; Holwell, Gregory I (2014). "Male-biased sexual size dimorphism and sex ratio in the New Zealand Giraffe Weevil, Lasiorhynchus barbicornis (Fabricius, 1775) (Coleoptera: Brentidae)". Austral Entomology. 53 (3): 317–327. doi:10.1111/aen.12080.
  Shields, Morgan (2013). "The most southern specimen of the Giraffe Weevil Lasiorhynchus barbicornis (Curculionidae; Brentidae; Brentinae) found in the Hollyford Valley, Fiordland". The Weta. 46 (1): 44–45.
  Painting, Christina J.; Myers, Shelley; Holwell, Gregory I.; Buckley, Thomas R. (2017). "Phylogeography of the New Zealand giraffe weevil Lasiorhynchus barbicornis (Coleoptera: Brentidae): a comparison of biogeographic boundaries". Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. XX: 13–28. doi:10.1093/biolinnean/blx051.
caption: L. barbicornis on a lintel or pare carved by Denis Conway in 1990, on display at the New Zealand Arthropod Collection at Landcare Research, Auckland.
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