page_title: Warini
section_title: Classical
hierarchical_section_title: Warini / Attestations / Classical
caption_attribution_description: English: Map of the Roman Empire in 125 during the reign of emperor Hadrian. Projection Lambert azimuthal-equal area. Central latitude: 45° N, central longitude: 20° E. X, Y origin offset - 0 Datum: ETRS89 Sources The physical map was made using the following public domain sources: Topography: NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM30) data Shoreline, lakes and rivers: derived from Natural Earth data Additional references for the map content: Tacitus, Germania (ca. 100) Ptolemy, Geographia (ca. 140) Atlante storico DeAgostini, Instituto Geografico DeAgostini, 1998. pg. 35-41. Historischer Weltatlas, Dr. Walter Leisering, Marix Verlag, 2011. pg. 26-27 Történelmi világatlasz, Cartographia Kiadó, 2005. pg. 20-21. The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Rome by Christopher Scarre, Penguin Historical Atlases, 1995. pg. 81. Software used GIS: Open JUMP GIS (open source): http://www.openjump.org/ GRASS GIS (open source): http://grass.osgeo.org/ Graphics editors: Inkscape (open source): http://inkscape.org/ GIMP (open source): http://www.gimp.org/
context_page_description: The Varini, Warni or Warini were one or more Germanic peoples who originally lived in what is now northeastern Germany, near the Baltic sea.
  They are first named in the Roman era, but appear to have survived into the Middle Ages. It is proposed that in Old English they were called Werns or Warns.
context_section_description: The earliest mention of this tribe appears in Pliny the Elder's Natural History (published about 77 AD). He wrote that there were five Germanic races, and one of these were the Vandals. These included the Burgodiones, the Varinnae, the Charini (not know from any other record) and the Gutones (Goths).
  Tacitus (about AD 56 – 120) gave the most information about the Varini in his Germania. He mentioned them as one of a group of remote Suevian peoples, living beyond (north and/or east of) the Semnones and Langobardi (who lived near the Elbe). He did not mention that they were Vandili.
  Surviving versions of the second century Geography by Ptolemy included the Viruni (Greek Ούίρουνοι) in the description of Germania, but these are difficult to interpret and have apparently become corrupted. These describe the Viruni as being near the otherwise unknown "Teutonoari". Gudmund Schütte suggested that this name is an error combining the Teutones and "Aoaroi", and would equate the later to the Varini (Ouarni) as a doubling-up error. Together these two peoples were surrounded by:
  The Elbe to their west. Schütte (e.g. p. 34) reconstructs Ptolomy's intentions in such a way that the Langobards were living in this area.
  A river called the Chalusus to the east, beyond which the surviving versions of Ptolemy's Geography name the Teutones and Avarni. Schütte (p. 44) proposes to be a doubling-up of the same two peoples supposedly west of this river. West of them, in turn is another unknown river the "Suevos" and a people called the Aelvaeones.
  Saxons to their north, between Elbe and Chalusus. Some scholars such as Matthias Springer believe the text originally said "Aviones".). To the east of these Saxons over the Chalusus, are the Farodini (otherwise unknown).
  The large Suevian people the Semnones, to their south, whose territory also stretches east of the Chalusus, as far as the Suevos.
  This is perhaps in the area of Mecklenburg, where one of the main rivers is Warnow and a town is called Warnemünde.
  Ptolemy also plotted the position of a town named Virunum at 40°30' longitude and 55° latitude using his system. This was however east of the Chalusus river, between the "Suevus" and "Viadua" rivers, which both lay between the Chalusus and the Vistula according to him. The town Οὐιρουνον (Virunum) has been identified as somewhere near modern-day Drawsko Pomorskie.
caption: The Varini in the actual north Germany.
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