page_title: 2019–2022 Sudanese transition to democracy
section_title: 4 August/17 August Draft Constitutional Declaration
hierarchical_section_title: 2019–2022 Sudanese transition to democracy / History / 4 August/17 August Draft Constitutional Declaration
caption_attribution_description: English: Sudanese protestors gather in front of government buildings in Khartoum to celebrate the final signing of the Draft Constitutional Declaration between military and civil representatives.
context_page_description: The 2019–2022 Sudanese transition to democracy is an ongoing democratic transition in Sudan that began in July 2019.
  Omar al-Bashir overthrew the democratically elected government of Sadiq al-Mahdi in 1989 and was himself overthrown in the April 2019 Sudanese coup d'état, in which he was replaced by the Transitional Military Council after several months of sustained street protests. Following further protests and the 3 June Khartoum massacre, the TMC and the Forces of Freedom and Change alliance agreed on 5 July 2019 to a 39-month transition process to return to democracy, including the creation of executive, legislative and judicial institutions and procedures.
  On 17 July, the TMC and FFC signed a written form of the agreement. The Darfur Displaced General Coordination opposed the 5 July verbal deal and the Sudan Revolutionary Front, the National Consensus Forces and the Sudanese Journalists Network opposed the 17 July written deal.
context_section_description: On 4 August 2019, the Draft Constitutional Declaration (or Draft Constitutional Charter) was signed by Ahmed Rabee for the FFC and by the deputy head of the TMC, Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo ("Hemetti"),  in the presence of Ethiopian and African Union mediators. The document contains 70 legal articles, divided into 16 chapters, defining transitional state bodies and procedures. Rabee and Hemetti signed the document more formally on behalf of the FFC and the TMC on 17 August 2019, in the presence of Abiy Ahmed, Prime Minister of Ethiopia, Salva Kiir, President of South Sudan, and other heads of state and government.
caption: Sudanese protestors celebrate the ratification of the Draft Constitutional Declaration (19 August 2019).
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