page_title: 1944
section_title: January
hierarchical_section_title: 1944 / Events / January
caption_attribution_description: English: US Army troops landing at Anzio in Operation Shingle — on 22 January 1944.
context_page_description: 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1944th year of the Common Era and Anno Domini designations, the 944th year of the 2nd millennium, the 44th year of the 20th century, and the 5th year of the 1940s decade.
context_section_description: January 2 – WWII:
  Free French General Jean de Lattre de Tassigny is appointed to command French Army B, part of the Sixth United States Army Group in North Africa.
  Landing at Saidor: 13,000 US and Australian troops land on Papua New Guinea, in an attempt to cut off a Japanese retreat.
  January 8 – WWII: Philippine Commonwealth troops enter the province of Ilocos Sur in northern Luzon, and attack Japanese forces.
  January 11
  President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt proposes a Second Bill of Rights for social and economic security, in his State of the Union address.
  The Nazi German administration expands Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp into the larger standalone Konzentrationslager Plaszow bei Krakau.
  January 12 – WWII: Winston Churchill and Charles de Gaulle begin a 2-day conference in Marrakech.
  January 14 – WWII: Soviet troops start the offensive at Leningrad and Novgorod.
  January 15
  WWII: The 27th Polish Home Army Infantry Division is re-created, marking the start of Operation Tempest by the Polish Home Army.
  1944 San Juan earthquake: An earthquake hits San Juan, Argentina, killing an estimated 10,000 people, in the worst natural disaster in Argentina's history.
  January 17 – WWII:
  The Battle of Monte Cassino begins in Italy. British forces cross the Garigliano River. U.S. Fifth Army troops, commanded by Lieutenant-General Mark W. Clark, arrive at the Garigliano, to begin their attack against the Gustav Line south of Rome. The French Expeditionary Corps, under command of General Alphonse Juin, moves into the mountains north of Monte Cassino.
  The Soviet Union ceases production of the Mosin–Nagant 1891/30 sniper rifle.
  Meat rationing ends in Australia.
  January 20 – WWII:
  The Royal Air Force drops 2,300 tons of bombs on Berlin.
  The United States 36th Infantry Division in Italy attempts to cross the Rapido River.
  January 22 – WWII: Operation Shingle: The Allies begin the assault on Anzio, Italy. The U.S. 45th Infantry Division stand their ground at Anzio against violent assaults for four months.
  January 25 – A total solar eclipse is visible in Pacific Ocean, South America, Atlantic Ocean and Africa, the 48th solar eclipse of Solar Saros 130.
  January 27 - WWII:
  The two-year Siege of Leningrad is lifted.
  Light cruiser HMS Spartan is sunk by a Henschel Hs 293 guided missile, from a German aircraft off Anzio, western Italy, with the loss of 46 men.
  January 29 – WWII: Koniuchy massacre – A unit of Soviet partisans accompanied by Jewish partisans kills at least 38 civilians in the village of Koniuchy in Nazi occupied Lithuania.
  January 30 – WWII:
  The Battle of Cisterna opens, as United States Army Rangers attempt to break out of the Anzio beachhead.
  United States troops invade Majuro, Marshall Islands.
  January 31 – WWII: Battle of Kwajalein: American forces land on Kwajalein Atoll and other islands, in the Japanese-held Marshall Islands.
caption: US Army troops landing at Anzio during Operation Shingle, late January 1944.
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