page_title: PROSE modeling language
section_title: Automated Holon Architecture
hierarchical_section_title: PROSE modeling language / Automated Holon Architecture
caption_attribution_description: English: This is a syntax/semantics profile of an iterative MetaCalculus Simulation holon process.
context_page_description: Author Joseph Thames, now deceased, has left us with his latest version of PROSE, called FortranCalculus. It is freeware that can be downloaded from https://goal-driven.net/apps/fc-compiler.html. Joe's www.metacalculus.com website is no longer up. I worked with Joe since ~1975, he will be missed!
  Thanks, Phil B Brubaker.
  ---
  PROSE was the mathematical 4GL virtual machine which established the holistic modeling paradigm known as Synthetic Calculus. A successor to the SLANG/CUE simulation and optimization language developed at TRW Systems, it was introduced in 1974 on Control Data supercomputers. It was the first commercial language to employ automatic differentiation, which was optimized to loop in the instruction-stack of the CDC 6600 CPU.
  Although PROSE was a rich block-structured procedural language, its focus was the blending of simultaneous-variable mathematical systems such as:
  implicit non-linear equations systems,
  ordinary differential-equations systems, and
  multidimensional optimization.
  Each of these kinds of system models were distinct and had operator templates to automate and solve them, added to the procedural syntax.
context_section_description: Figure 3 shows the generalized architecture of a holon in profile, showing the visible modeling syntax and the invisible semantics architecture with its characteristic 5-step iteration process. A holon is a calculus problem-solving unit, mathematically associated with a coordinate system dynamically created by the operation template. Its operator is a solver engine, either a numerical predictor in the case of simulation, or a search engine in the case of correlation and optimization. Its operand is a model procedure (which may itself be a holarchy of subordinated holons).
  In essence a holon is a metaphoric computation container like a spreadsheet, but allowing procedural looping like an ordinary algebraic language. Yet its purpose is to frame algebraic formulas that represent higher mathematics (e.g. differential equations are algebraic formulas, in which some of their variables are rates).
  Figures 4-7 show how the different holon classes of simulation, correlation, and optimization reflect this architecture, separating modeling (science equations) from algorithmic solver engines of the art of numerical approximation mathematics.
caption: Figure 4. Simulation Holon[3]:3-5
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