page_title: Political parties in the United States
hierarchical_section_title: Political parties in the United States
caption_attribution_description: English: This graph shows the popular vote of political parties in United States presidential elections. The boxes which contain the year are colored in according to which party won the presidency that year. Criteria for inclusion: Party must have either won the presidency or have gotten more than 25% of the popular vote. The name of the person who won the election and became president is listed, with a gray arrow pointing to the name of a person who became president without having been elected as president (9 total of these transitions happening prior to term completion). The double arrow indicates becoming president without having been elected as vice president as well (Ford). 5 other vice presidents who became president are underlined in black (14 total). Of these 14, only 5 were elected directly into the presidency (with 2 of these achieving re-election), with the other 9 filling a vacancy (8 due to death, 1 due to resignation). Of these 9, re-election was achieved by 4. Nixon is unique in that he is the only one to become president with a gap after having left the office of Vice President. Ford is unique in that he was never elected as either President or vice president. (This was identified as a factor in him losing his bid for re-election.) The black squares for the 1800 and 1824 indicate that the presidency was achieved after a tie in the electoral vote in the first case (Jefferson), and without having a majority of electoral votes in the second case (J.Q. Adams). In that 1824 election, four candidates from the same party (Democratic-Republican) were voted on. A blue star is shown in four elections: 1824, 1876, 1888 and 2000. These are cases where the presidency was achieved without having a plurality of the popular vote (these cases are also indicated with a double thick border around the year of that election). The reason why all of these four stars are color-coded blue is because in the latter three cases, the party receiving the plurality of popular votes was Democratic, and while the 1824 case had Andrew Jackson in the Democratic-Republican Party receiving the plurality of votes, this event led to the creation of the Democratic Party in which Jackson won the presidency in the very next election (1828). The letter 'H' indicates that the election was decided by the House of Representatives (Jefferson &amp; J.Q. Adams), and the letter 'S' indicates that the election was finalized by the Supreme Court (G.W. Bush). While the process of a presidential election being decided by the House is specifically enumerated by the Constitution, there is no such power given to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court has no authority, per se, to decide a presidential election. Its finalization of Bush was a result of their Constitutional authority to rule over a court case (Bush v. Gore), and it is only because the election was so close (with a margin of victory of hundreds of votes in a state where almost 6 million votes were cast) that the ruling of 9 justices had the de facto effect of Bush being elected as president. (And since their decision had a 5-4 split, it made for the extremely improbable case where any single justice who voted in the majority had the power to swing the ruling, so this decision on whether Bush would win the election rested on a single person.) The asterisk next to Lincoln's name in 1864 is because for that wartime election, the Republican Party chose to call themselves the National Union Party. The 'Ø' symbol in 1820 indicates that there was no Federalist candidate that ran against Monroe (but still got more than 16% of the popular vote). This graph starts at 1788, and does not address the persons who performed the presidential roles (including Head of State, Executive in Chief and Commander in Chief) under previous governments of the United States of America, under the Articles of Confederation and prior to the 1781 ratification of that first written constitution for the country. The top line of this graph has Roman numerals to indicate the election number (also term number), and the presidency numbers are shown as well (eg. Reagan-40th President). To see the control of the Executive Branch graphed in context with control of the House and Senate, see File:Combined--Control of the U.S. House of Representatives - Control of the U.S. Senate.png. For a map that shows where the nine pre-term completion vice-president transitions took place, see File:US Presidents Map of Oaths and Exits.png. Data from 1788 to 1820 from http://www.ourcampaigns.com/ Data from 1824 to 2008 from http://www.uselectionatlas.org/ Data from 2012 from various news sources.
context_page_description: In the United States, there have usually been two main political parties. Since the 1860s, these two main parties have been the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The Democratic Party has the most seats in the House of Representatives while the Republicans hold a majority in the Senate.
  The three largest parties aside from the two main political parties are the Libertarian Party, Green Party of the United States, and the Constitution Party in respective order.
  The United States has only two major political parties: the Democrats and the Republicans. There are also smaller parties that aren’t as well known. These parties have a duopoly, meaning that they share almost all the political power in the country. Most constitutional republic countries have more than two parties.
context_section_description: In the United States, there have usually been two main political parties. Since the 1860s, these two main parties have been the Republican Party and the Democratic Party. The Democratic Party has the most seats in the House of Representatives while the Republicans hold a majority in the Senate.
  The three largest parties aside from the two main political parties are the Libertarian Party, Green Party of the United States, and the Constitution Party in respective order.
  The United States has only two major political parties: the Democrats and the Republicans. There are also smaller parties that aren’t as well known. These parties have a duopoly, meaning that they share almost all the political power in the country. Most constitutional republic countries have more than two parties.
caption: Popular votes to political parties          during presidential elections.
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