page_title: History of the Puritans under Elizabeth I
section_title: Renewed calls for Presbyterianism
hierarchical_section_title: History of the Puritans under Elizabeth I / Archiepiscopate of John Whitgift, 1583–1604 / Renewed calls for Presbyterianism
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Эндрю Мелвилл
context_page_description: The reign of Elizabeth I of England, from 1558 to 1603, saw the start of the Puritan movement in England, its clash with the authorities of the Church of England, and its temporarily effective suppression as a political movement in the 1590s by judicial means. This of course led to the further alienation of Anglicans and Puritans from one another in the 17th century during the reign of King James and the reign of King Charles I, that eventually brought about the English Civil War, the brief rule of the Puritan Lord Protector of England Oliver Cromwell, the English Commonwealth, and as a result the political, religious, and civil liberty that is celebrated today in all English speaking countries.
  The English Puritan movement in the reign of Elizabeth and beyond, sought to further the work of reforming the church of England, eradicate the influence of Roman Catholicism in the land, as well as promote the national interest of the English crown and the English people under a united Protestant confession that was in strict conformity to the Bible and Reformed theology.
context_section_description: The years 1583-1585 saw the brief ascendancy in Scotland of James Stewart, who claimed the title of Earl of Arran.  This period saw Scotland pass the Black Acts, which outlawed the Second Book of Discipline.  As a response, many Scottish ministers, including Andrew Melville, sought refuge in England.  These refugees participated in the English conventicles (as did John Field, now released from prison) and convinced many English Puritans that they should renew their fight to establish presbyterianism in England.  As such, in the 1584 Parliament, Puritans introduced legislation to replace the Book of Common Prayer with the Genevan Book of Order and to introduce presbyterianism.  This effort failed.
  At this point, John Field, Walter Travers, and Thomas Cartwright were all free and back in England and determined to draft a new order for the Church of England.  They drafted a Book of Discipline, which circulated in 1586, and which they hoped would be accepted by the 1586 Parliament.  Again, the Puritan effort failed in Parliament.
caption: Andrew Melville (1545–1622), a Scottish churchman who came to England to avoid the effect of Scotland's Black Acts of 1583–85, and who encouraged the English Puritans to seek further reforms to the Church of England
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