page_title: Apayao
section_title: Demographics
hierarchical_section_title: Apayao / Demographics
caption_attribution_description: Clarisse Sobiono - An Isnag (Isneg) Woman wearing traditional clothing, having just performed a traditional dance.
context_page_description: Apayao is a landlocked province in the Philippines in the Cordillera Administrative Region in Luzon. Its capital town is Kabugao.
  The province borders Cagayan to the north and east, Abra and Ilocos Norte to the west, and Kalinga to the south. Prior to 1995, Kalinga and Apayao comprised a single province named Kalinga-Apayao, which was partitioned to better service the needs of individual ethnic groups.
  With a population of 119,184 covering an area of 4,413.35 square kilometres, Apayao is the least densely-populated province in the Philippines.
context_section_description: The population of Apayao in the 2015 census was 119,184 people, with a density of 27 inhabitants per square kilometre or 70 inhabitants per square mile.
  Based on the 2000 census survey, Ilocanos comprised 49,328 (50.82%) of the total provincial population of 97,058, while almost 1/3 of the population were Isnag at 29,071 (29.95%). Other ethnic groups in the province were the Malaueg at 3,580 (3.69%), Isneg at 3,380 (3.48%), Kalinga at 2,992 (3.08%), Kankanaey at 1,208 (1.24%), Bontoc at 1,014 (1.04%), and Ibaloi at 979 (1.01%).
  Two major sub-groups among the Isnag people are known: the Ymandaya, mostly concentrated in the municipality of Calanasan; and the Imallod, with populations distributed among the other towns of the province.  Some Isnag populations can also be found in the eastern part of the adjacent Provinces of Ilocos Norte and Cagayan, due to previous displacements from Ilokano migrations.
  Isnag, also called Isneg, kinship is bilateral, meaning children are equally related to both the mother and the father.  Households consist of interrelated families living close to each other, and extended families of three generations living together in their balay.  The family is the key element in society, the larger the better, headed by the husband.  No other society structure exists, though brave men, mengals, lead in hunting and fishing.  The bravest, Kamenglan, is the overall leader. A young man entered their ranks after the first headhunting expedition during the old days. A mengal carries a red kerchief on the head and has tattoos on his arms and shoulders. They are animistic and practice polygamy. However, an influx of Christian religions have destroyed many of Isnag culture. Approximately 9% of Isnag people were converted to Christianity, usually by forced assimilation, during the colonial era up to the present era.
caption: The Isnag people were the first inhabitants of Apayao. Their numbers were eventually overtaken by the Ilokano people who migrated under the orders of then president Marcos, making the Isnag a minority in their ancestral lands.
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