page_title: Japanese influence on Korean culture
section_title: Buddhism under Japanese occupation
hierarchical_section_title: Japanese influence on Korean culture / Cultural belief / Buddhism under Japanese occupation
caption_attribution_description: A Buddhist temple in South Korea
context_page_description: As a neighbor of South Korea, Japanese influence on Korean culture has been indispensable since the 20th century. The influence of ancient times refers to cultural education, religious beliefs and spiritual influences. The main influence originated from Japanese occupation of Korea lasting for 35 years from 1910s, which changed the development of the history in Korean cultural to a certain extent. During the occupation, the Japanese established thousands of schools in Korea, which have had a major impact on the education and culture. Some policies have changed the religious beliefs on Koreans. In addition, Korean nationalism after Japanese colonial rule was greatly influenced by Japan and became very powerful.
  In modern times, the Japanese influence on Korean culture is mainly on popular culture. In 1998, Kim Dae-Jung, the president of South Korea visited Japan and gradually implemented a cultural lifting ban on Japan. South Korea and Japan have had reached a consensus to open up a policy of accepting culture of each other. Japanese popular culture has become more and more popular among young people in Korea.
context_section_description: In 1910, Japan occupied Korea, and in order to cope with the growth of Japanese missionaries, Korea proposed an auxiliary relationship and used Korean temples as branches of Japanese denomination.
  In June 1911, the government tried to centralize the control of Korea Buddhism by establishing the temple administration and proposed the Temple Ordinance, which cut off the contact between Korean clergy and Japanese clergy by institutionalizing and bureaucratizing Korean Buddhism . According to the Temple Ordinance, the government re-examined each temple and select 30 Korean temples to become representatives of Korean Buddhism, and the Buddhist abbots would have important administrative powers . After that, the relationship of the remaining 1300 temples will be formalized, but the content spread by the temple need to be approved by the government . This regulation has caused the abbots to be obsessed with power and caused a fierce battle for status and causing public grievances.
  In 1912, the government proposed temple regulations to the administrators of each temple. Those days associated with modern imperial ideology, such as National Founding Day (Kigensetsu) and the birthday of Emperor (Tenchosetsu) are inseparable from the temple rituals, Korean Buddhism became Japanization . The Japanese colonists promoted the Japanization of Korean Buddhism in order to eradicate the inherent religious habits and beliefs of Korea in order to establish a national and cultural identity with Korea to solve the ruling crisis. 
  In August 1919, the third governor, Saito Makoto, tried to change the overall structure of the government and put in pro-Japanese elements. Also, recognized that Koreans have human rights. This is called the assimilation policy and it also trains pro-Japanese people among religious people.
  Korean Buddhist clergy have destroyed the rules of Buddhism and began to imitate the Japanese Clerics to marry and have children. In 1926, Korean Buddhist believers under Japanese rule were allowed to legally marry, which led to the temple to bear living expenses of the dependents of monks and education expenses of the children. And the monks spent a lot of time in family and life, greatly reducing the time of monasticism, it is difficult to calm down and chanting Buddhist scripture, and is hard for them to cultivate themselves according to religious doctrine and it is easier to violate the rules of Buddhism . Therefore, although the number of Buddhist believers doubled during the Japanese rule, the disputes within the temple often continued and Korean Buddhism was no longer sacred and majestic.
caption: Buddhist Korean Temple
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