page_title: Le Puy-en-Velay
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Le Puy-en-Velay / History
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: Aiguilhe (Haute-Loire - France), la chapelle Saint-Michel (XIe siècle). English: Aiguilhe (Haute-Loire - France), the chapel of Saint Michel (XIth century). Español: Aiguilhe (Alto Loira - Francia), la capilla di San Michele (siglo XI). Italiano: Aiguilhe (Alto Loira - Francia), la capella di San Michele (XI secolo). Português: Aiguilhe (Haute-Loire - França), a capela de São Miguel (Século XI). Nederlands: Aiguilhe (Haute-Loire - Frankrijk), de kapel van Sint-Michiel (XIde eeuw).
context_page_description: Le Puy-en-Velay is the prefecture of the Haute-Loire department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of south-central France.
  Located near the Loire River, the city is famous for its cathedral, for a kind of lentil, for its lace-making, as well as for being the origin of the Chemin du Puy, one of the principal origin points of the pilgrimage route of Santiago de Compostela in France. In 2017, the commune had a population of 18,995.
context_section_description: Le Puy-en-Velay was a major bishopric by the early period of medieval France. Its foundation is largely legendary. According to a martyrology compiled by Ado of Vienne, published in many copies in 858, and supplemented in the mid-10th century by Gauzbert of Limoges, a priest named George accompanied a certain Front, the first Bishop of Périgueux, when they were sent to proselytize in Gaul. Front was added to the list of the apostles to Gaul, who in tradition are described as being sent out to reorganize Christians after the persecutions that are associated with Decius, circa 250. As with others of the group, notably Saint Martial of Limoges, later mythology pushed the activities of Saint Front and the priest George back in time. It tells that George had been restored to life with a touch of Saint Peter's staff.
  The expanding legend of this St. George, which, according to the Church historian Duchesne is not earlier than the 11th century, then makes that saint one of the Seventy Apostles of the Gospel of Luke. It tells that he founded the church of the [civitas] que dicitur Vetula in pago Vellavorum, the city "called Vetula in the pays of the Vellavi" was how a document of 1004 termed it.  This was what the settlement of Ruessium began to be called during the 4th century. Vetula means "the old woman", and pagans were still making small images of her as late as the 6th century in Flanders, according to the vita of Saint Eligius. This was the first cathedral at Le Puy.
  Following St. George the founder, later medieval local traditions evoke a legendary list of bishops at this chief town of the pays of Le Velay: Macarius, Marcellinus, Roricius, Eusebius, Paulianus, and Vosy (Evodius), all of them canonized by local veneration. The Gaulish settlement of Ruessium/Vellavorum was given its Christianizing name, Saint-Paulien, from Bishop Paulianus. A bishop Evodius attended the Council of Valence in 374.
  In the early 1180s peasants of Le Puy, led by a carpenter named Durandus, formed a conspiratio (sworn association) called the Capucciati (because of the white hoods they wore as a sign of their conspiratio). They challenged seigneurial dominance in a short-lived attempt at reformation.
caption: Saint Michel d'Aiguilhe Chapel.
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