page_title: Prisoner of war
section_title: Modern times
hierarchical_section_title: Prisoner of war / Modern times
caption_attribution_description: English: This a picture of one of the survivors of Andersonville Prison. Union Army soldier on his release from Andersonville in May, 1865. فارسی: عکس از یک بازماندگان زندان اندرسون پس از جنگ داخلی آمریکا. اسرای جنگی این زندان که عموما از نیروهای اتحادیه بودند، در شرایط وحشتناکی نگه داشته می‌شدند؛ به طوری که از ۴۵٬۰۰۰ زندانی، ۱۲٬۹۱۳ در اسارت درگذشتند.
context_page_description: A prisoner of war is a non-combatant—whether a military member, an irregular military fighter, or a civilian—who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict. The earliest recorded usage of the phrase "prisoner of war" dates back to 1610.
  Belligerents hold prisoners of war in custody for a range of legitimate and illegitimate reasons, such as isolating them from enemy combatants still in the field, demonstrating military victory, punishing them, prosecuting them for war crimes, exploiting them for their labour, recruiting or even conscripting them as their own combatants, collecting military and political intelligence from them, or indoctrinating them in new political or religious beliefs.
context_section_description: The 1648 Peace of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years' War, established the rule that prisoners of war should be released without ransom at the end of hostilities and that they should be allowed to return to their homelands.
  There also evolved the right of parole, French for "discourse", in which a captured officer surrendered his sword and gave his word as a gentleman in exchange for privileges. If he swore not to escape, he could gain better accommodations and the freedom of the prison. If he swore to cease hostilities against the nation who held him captive, he could be repatriated or exchanged but could not serve against his former captors in a military capacity.
caption: Union Army soldier on his release from Andersonville prison in May 1865.
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