page_title: Aniline
section_title: Uses
hierarchical_section_title: Aniline / Uses
caption_attribution_description: English: Cake of indigo. Large piece approx. 2 cm. Used as indigo dye (blue jeans).
context_page_description: Aniline is an organic compound with the formula C₆H₅NH₂. Consisting of a phenyl group attached to an amino group, aniline is the simplest aromatic amine. Its main use is in the manufacture of precursors to polyurethane and other industrial chemicals. Like most volatile amines, it has the odor of rotten fish. It ignites readily, burning with a smoky flame characteristic of aromatic compounds.
context_section_description: The largest application of aniline is for the preparation of methylenedianiline and related compounds by condensation with formaldehyde. The diamines are condensed with phosgene to give methylene diphenyl diisocyanate, a precursor to urethane polymers.
  Other uses include rubber processing chemicals (9%), herbicides (2%), and dyes and pigments (2%). As additives to rubber, aniline derivatives such as phenylenediamines and diphenylamine, are antioxidants. Illustrative of the drugs prepared from aniline is paracetamol (acetaminophen, Tylenol). The principal use of aniline in the dye industry is as a precursor to indigo, the blue of blue jeans.
  Aniline is also used at a smaller scale in the production of the intrinsically conducting polymer polyaniline.
  Some early American rockets, such as the Aerobee and WAC Corporal, used a mixture of aniline and furfuryl alcohol as a fuel, with nitric acid as an oxidizer. The combination is hypergolic, igniting on contact between fuel and oxidizer. It is also dense, and can be stored for extended periods.
caption: Cake of indigo dye, which is prepared from aniline.
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