page_title: Phileas (public transport)
section_title: License
hierarchical_section_title: Phileas (public transport) / License
caption_attribution_description: English: Test run of KRRI Bimodal Tram (APTS Phileas) in Sejong, South Korea.
context_page_description: Phileas is a bus rapid transit, developed by Samenwerkingsverband Regio Eindhoven, Netherlands, along with some other companies for the Cooperation Foundation Eindhoven Region. It is an advanced guided bus intended to deliver tram-like public transport at a very low cost: the infrastructure is much cheaper, because of less maintenance, and there are no rails and overhead lines. The project was initiated in 1998 to keep knowledge about technology and innovation in the region and create jobs. The biggest feature of the bus is the recharging of the battery by means of electromagnetic induction; which means that the battery can be made much smaller, and thus less heavy and environmentally damaging. The project started in the late 1990s; there was a wish to demonstrate the high technology level and technical knowledge in the Eindhoven area and to create jobs. The project has cost more than two billion euros, including infrastructure changes.
context_section_description: On 3 November 2005 a license & technology transfer agreement was signed between Advanced Public Transport Systems (APTS) and the Korea Railroad Research Institute (KRRI). KRRI developed the Korean version of Phileas vehicle by May 2011.
  In December 2009, APTS, the manufacturer of the Phileas Tram, signed a contract with Ballard Fuel Cells of Vancouver to supply zero emission engines for the Phileas.
  The Phileas Trams are in successful operation in the Netherlands, Turkey, Korea and Israel. They were also in use for a time in Douai in France, but persistent unreliability led to their replacement by traditional articulated buses just 4 years after their introduction.
caption: KRRI Variant, also known as Bimodal Tram.
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