page_title: Moscow–Washington hotline
section_title: Technology
hierarchical_section_title: Moscow–Washington hotline / Technology
caption_attribution_description: English: The Picture shows a East-German Teleprinter of Type T63-SU12 from Siemens (formerly Siemens &amp; Halske). This Teleprinter was used from 1963-1980 as a part of the special transatlantic Moscow–Washington hotline, also known as "The Red Line". This Rotor machine is currently on display at the National Cryptologic Museum, located on the National Security Agency (NSA) campus at Fort Meade, Maryland. Deutsch: Das Bild zeigt einen ostdeutschen Fernschreiber vom Typ T63-SU12 von Siemens (ehemals Siemens &amp; Halske). Der abgebildete Fernschreiber wurde von 1963 – 1980 als Teil der speziell verschlüsselten ständigen transatlantischen Fernschreiberverbindung zwischen der Sowjetunion und den Vereinigten Staaten benutzt, auch bekannt als "Heißer Draht". Diese Rotor-Chiffriermaschine befindet sich derzeit in den Räumen des National Cryptologic Museum (deutsch: Nationales Kryptologisches Museum) – einer musealen Einrichtung der US-Streitkräfte nahe Fort Meade, Maryland. Das Museum selbst ist der National Security Agency (NSA), die in unmittelbarer räumlicher Nähe liegt, angegliedert.
context_page_description: The Moscow–Washington hotline was a system that allowed direct communication between the leaders of the United States and the USSR. This hotline was established in 1963 and links the Pentagon with the Kremlin. Although in popular culture it is known as the "red telephone", the hotline was never a telephone line, and no red phones were used. The first implementation used Teletype equipment, and shifted to fax machines in 1986. Since 2008, the Moscow–Washington hotline has been a secure computer link over which messages are exchanged by a secure form of email.
context_section_description: The Moscow–Washington hotline was intended for text only; speech might be misinterpreted. Leaders wrote in their native language and messages were translated at the receiving end.
caption: An East German Siemens T63-SU12 teleprinter from the hotline, as displayed in the National Cryptologic Museum of the NSA. The black box behind the teleprinter is an ETCRRM II encryption machine.
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