page_title: Uzbekistan
section_title: Jewish community
hierarchical_section_title: Uzbekistan / Demographics / Religion / Jewish community
caption_attribution_description: The picture are from old book (that was published in 1899), some of the picture are fro 1899, some are even older: This work or image is now in the public domain because its term of copyright has expired in Israel (details). According to Israel's copyright statute from 2007 (translation), a work is released to the public domain on 1 January of the 71st year after the author's death (paragraph 38 of the 2007 statute) with the following exceptions: A photograph taken on 24 May 2008 or earlier&#160;— the old British Mandate act applies, i.e. on 1 January of the 51st year after the creation of the photograph (paragraph 78(i) of the 2007 statute, and paragraph 21 of the old British Mandate act). If the copyrights are owned by the State, not acquired from a private person, and there is no special agreement between the State and the author&#160;— on 1 January of the 51st year after the creation of the work (paragraphs 36 and 42 in the 2007 statute). See also category: PD Israel &amp; British Mandate. العربية&#160;| Deutsch&#160;| Ελληνικά&#160;| English&#160;| עברית&#160;| հայերեն&#160;| македонски&#160;| русский&#160;| 中文&#160;| 中文（简体）‎&#160;| +/− For the scan and the the crop: I, the copyright holder of this work, release this work into the public domain. This applies worldwide.In some countries this may not be legally possible; if so:I grant anyone the right to use this work for any purpose, without any conditions, unless such conditions are required by law. The name of the book (in hebrew) is: "מראה ארץ ישראל והמושבות" by (in hebrew): "ישעיהו ראפאלוביטש ושותפו משה אליהו זאכס" Bukharan Jews עברית: יהודי בוכרה
context_page_description: Uzbekistan, officially the Republic of Uzbekistan, is a country in Central Asia. It is surrounded by five landlocked countries: Kazakhstan to the north; Kyrgyzstan to the northeast; Tajikistan to the southeast; Afghanistan to the south and Turkmenistan to the south-west. Along with Liechtenstein, it is one of two doubly landlocked countries.
  As a sovereign state, Uzbekistan is a secular, unitary constitutional republic. It comprises 12 provinces and one autonomous republic, Karakalpakstan. The capital and largest city of Uzbekistan is Tashkent.
  What is now Uzbekistan was in ancient times part of the Iranian-speaking region of Transoxiana and Turan. The first recorded settlers were Eastern Iranian nomads, known as Scythians, who founded kingdoms in Khwarazm, Bactria, Sogdia, Fergana, and Margiana. The area was incorporated into the Iranian Achaemenid Empire and, after a period of Macedonian Greek rule, was ruled by the Iranian Parthian Empire and later by the Sasanian Empire, until the Muslim conquest of Persia in the seventh century. The Muslim conquest in the 7th century converted the majority of the population, including the local ruling classes, into adherents of Islam.
context_section_description: The Jewish community in the Uzbek lands flourished for centuries, with occasional hardships during the reigns of certain rulers. During the rule of Tamerlane in the 14th century Jews contributed greatly to his efforts to rebuild Samarkand and a great Jewish centre was established there.
  After the area came under Russian rule in 1868, Jews were granted equal rights with the local Muslim population. In that period some 50,000 Jews lived in Samarkand and 20,000 in Bukhara. After the Russian revolutions in 1917 and the establishment of the Soviet regime, Jewish religious life (including all other religions) became restricted. By 1935 only one synagogue out of 30 remained in Samarkand; nevertheless, underground Jewish community life continued during the Soviet era.
  By 1970 there were 103,000 Jews registered in the Uzbek SSR.
  Since 1980s most of the Jews of Uzbekistan emigrated to Israel or to the United States of America. A small community of several thousand remained in the country as of 2013: some 7,000 lived in Tashkent, 3,000 in Bukhara and 700 in Samarkand.
caption: Bukharan Jews, c. 1899
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