page_title: List of asteroid close approaches to Earth
section_title: Earth grazers
hierarchical_section_title: List of asteroid close approaches to Earth / Earth grazers
caption_attribution_description: English: This is a scanned photograph of the bolide EN131090, originally captured on a glass photographic plate. The Earth-grazing meteoroid flew above Czechoslovakia and Poland on 13 October 1990 and left to space again. It was taken by an all-sky camera equipped with a fish-eye objective Zeiss Distagon 3.5/30mm located at the hydrometeorological station at Červená hora, Czechoslovakia (now in the Czech Republic). The bolide travels from the south to the north and its track is interrupted by a shutter rotating 12.5 times per second, which allows to determine its speed. The thick bright light track on the left is the Moon. Čeština: Toto je naskenovaná fotografie tečného bolidu EN131090, původně pořízená na skleněnou fotografickou desku. Meteoroid proletěl atmosférou nad územím Československa a Polska a odletěl zpět do vesmírného prostoru. Snímek byl pořízen pevnou celooblohovou kamerou vybavenou objektivem typu rybí oko Zeiss Distagon 3.5/30mm umístěnou na stanici ČHMÚ Červená hora. Bolid letí na obrázku od jihu na sever a jeho světelná stopa je přerušována sektorem rotujícím s frekvencí 12.5 přerušení/s, což umožňuje určit jeho rychlost. Silná světelná stopa vlevo je Měsíc. Slovenčina: Toto je naskenovaná fotografia dotyčnicového bolidu EN131090, pôvodne zachytená na sklenenú fotografickú desku. Meteoroid preletel atmosférou nad územím Česko-Slovenska a Poľska a odletel nazpäť do vesmírneho priestoru. Snímka bola urobená pevnou celooblohovou kamerou, ktorá bola vybavená objektivom typu rybie oko Zeiss Distagon 3.5/30mm umiestnenou na stanici ČHMÚ Červená hora. Bolid na snímke letí z juhu na sever a jeho svetelná stopa je prerušovaná sektorom, ktorý rotoval s frekvenciou 12.5 prerušenia za sekundu, čo umožňuje určit rýchlosť bolidu. Silná svetelná stopa vľavo je Mesiac.
context_page_description: This is a list of examples where an asteroid or meteoroid travels close to the Earth. Some are regarded as potentially hazardous objects if they are estimated to be large enough to cause regional devastation.
  Near-Earth object detection technology greatly improved about 1998, so objects being detected as of 2004 could have been missed only a decade earlier due to a lack of dedicated near-Earth astronomical surveys. As sky surveys improve, smaller and smaller asteroids are regularly being discovered. The small near-Earth asteroids 2008 TC3, 2014 AA, 2018 LA and 2019 MO are the only four asteroids discovered before impacting into Earth. Scientists estimate that several dozen asteroids in the 6–12 m size range fly by Earth at a distance closer than the moon every year, but only a fraction of these are actually detected.
context_section_description: Objects which enter and then leave Earth's atmosphere, the so-called 'Earth-grazers', are a distinct phenomenon, in as much as entering the lower atmosphere can constitute an impact event rather than a close pass. Earth grazer can also be short for a body that "grazes" the orbit of the Earth, in a different context.
caption: All-sky photo with the Earth-grazing meteoroid of 13 October 1990 (the light track across the picture going from the south to the north) taken at Červená hora (Czechoslovakia), one of the stations of the European Fireball Network. The bright track on the left is the Moon.
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