page_title: Codrus
hierarchical_section_title: Codrus
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Kodros, der letzte König von Athen, auf einer attisch-rotfigurigen Schale aus Bologna English: Codrus, the last king of Athens, on a Attic red-figure cup of Bologna Ελληνικά: Κόδρος, ο τελευταίος βασιλιάς της Αθήνας, σε μια ερυθρόμορφη αττική κύπελλο από Μπολόνια Italiano: Codro, l'ultimo re di Atene, su una coppa attica a figure rosse da Bologna
context_page_description: Codrus was the last of the semi-mythical Kings of Athens. He was an ancient exemplar of patriotism and self-sacrifice. He was succeeded by his son Medon, who it is claimed ruled not as king but as the first Archon of Athens.
  The earliest version of the story of Codrus comes from the 4th oration Against Leocrates by Lycurgus of Athens. During the time of the Dorian Invasion of Peloponnesus, the Dorians under Aletes, son of Hippotes had consulted the Delphic Oracle, who prophesied that their invasion would succeed as long as the king was not harmed. The news of this prophecy, that only the death of an Athenian king would ensure the safety of Athens, quickly found its way to the ears of Codrus. In devotion to his people, Codrus disguised himself as a peasant and made it to the vicinity of the Dorian encampment across the river, where he provoked a group of Dorian soldiers. He was put to death in the quarrel, and the Dorians, realizing Codrus had been slain, decided to retreat in fear of their prophesied defeat.
context_section_description: Codrus (Greek: Κόδρος, Kódros) was the last of the semi-mythical Kings of Athens (r. ca 1089–1068 BC). He was an ancient exemplar of patriotism and self-sacrifice. He was succeeded by his son Medon, who it is claimed ruled not as king but as the first Archon of Athens.
  The earliest version of the story of Codrus comes from the 4th oration Against Leocrates by Lycurgus of Athens. During the time of the Dorian Invasion of Peloponnesus (c. 1068 BC), the Dorians under Aletes, son of Hippotes had consulted the Delphic Oracle, who prophesied that their invasion would succeed as long as the king was not harmed. The news of this prophecy, that only the death of an Athenian king would ensure the safety of Athens, quickly found its way to the ears of Codrus. In devotion to his people, Codrus disguised himself as a peasant and made it to the vicinity of the Dorian encampment across the river, where he provoked a group of Dorian soldiers. He was put to death in the quarrel, and the Dorians, realizing Codrus had been slain, decided to retreat in fear of their prophesied defeat. In the aftermath of these events, it was claimed that no one thought himself worthy to succeed Codrus and so the title of king was abolished, and that of archon substituted for it.
  Aristotle, in the Constitution of the Athenians, presents an alternative view that Codrus was succeeded as king by his sons Medon, and then Acastus.
caption: Codrus on a Attic red-figure cup of Bologna
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