page_title: Politics of Mexico
section_title: 2012
hierarchical_section_title: Politics of Mexico / Elections and political composition of the institutions / Federal elections / 2012
caption_attribution_description: Español: Reunión Peña Nieto-López Obrador en Palacio Nacional el 3 de julio de 2018.
context_page_description: The Politics of Mexico take place in a framework of a federal presidential representative democratic republic whose government is based on a congressional system, whereby the President of Mexico is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. The federal government represents the United Mexican States and is divided into three branches: executive, legislative and judicial, as established by the Political Constitution of the United Mexican States, published in 1917. The constituent states of the federation must also have a republican form of government based on a congressional system as established by their respective constitutions.
  The executive power is exercised by the executive branch, which is headed by the President, advised by a cabinet of secretaries that are independent of the legislature. Legislative power is vested upon the Congress of the Union, a two-chamber legislature comprising the Senate of the Republic and the Chamber of Deputies. Judicial power is exercised by the judiciary, consisting of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation, the Council of the Federal Judiciary and the collegiate, unitary and district tribunals.
context_section_description: In 2012, Mexico elected Enrique Peña Nieto as President.
caption: Meeting between Peña Nieto and López Obrador in the National Palace, July 3.
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