page_title: Java arquebus
section_title: Malay peninsula
hierarchical_section_title: Java arquebus / History / Malay peninsula
caption_attribution_description: English: A drawing of a Qing period Jiao Qiang (or Jiao Chong - 交銃, lit. 'Jiaozhi Arquebus'). This type of firearm is similar to Zua Wa Chong (爪哇銃, Java arquebus). Bahasa Indonesia: Gambar periode dinasti Qing akan sebuah Jiao Qiang (atau Jiao Chong - 交銃, secara harfiah 'Arquebus Jiaozhi'). Jenis senjata api ini mirip dengan Zua Wa Chong (爪哇銃, arquebus Jawa).
context_page_description: Java arquebus refer to long primitive firearm from Indonesian archipelago, dating back to the last quarter of 15th century. The weapon was used by local armies, albeit in low number compared to total fighting men, before the arrival of Iberian explorers in the 16th century. In historical records the weapon may be classified as arquebus or musket.
context_section_description: The Portuguese found various gunpowder weapons after the 1511 conquest of Malacca. It is known that the Malays of Malacca obtained arms from Java.
  
  In The Commentaries of the Great Afonso Dalboquerque "large matchlock" is frequently mentioned throughout the book. During the first attack of Malacca the approaching Portuguese were shot at by the Moors (muslims) of Malacca:
  "Two hours before the break of day Afonso Dalboquerque ordered the trumpet to be blown, in order to awaken them, and they embarked immediately with all the rest of the men-at-arms and went on board his ship, and when a general confession had been made, all set out together and came to the mouth of the river just as morning broke, and attacked the bridge, each battalion in the order which had been assigned to it. Then the Moors began to fire upon them with their artillery, which was posted in the stockades, and with their large matchlocks wounded some of our men."
  They are also used when the Portuguese were withdrawing in the first attack:
  "When the Moors perceived that they were withdrawing, they began to open fire with large matchlocks, arrows, and blowing-tubes, and wounded some of our men, yet with all the haste they made Afonso Dalboquerque ordered the men to carry off with them fifty large bombards that had been captured in the stockades upon the bridge"
  Joao de Barros described a scene of the conquest in Da Asia:
  "As soon as the junk had passed the sand-bank and had come to an anchor, a short way from the bridge, the Moorish artillery opened a fire on her. Some guns discharged leadballs at intervals, which passed through both sides of the vessel, doing much execution among the crew. In the heat of the action Antonio d'Abreu, the commander, was struck in the cheek from a fusil (espingardão), carrying off the greater number of his teeth." 
  The matchlocks that shoot through both sides of their vessel, had very long barrel and were 18 mm in caliber.
  Historian Fernão Lopes de Castanheda mentions matchlocks (espingardão - large espingarda / arquebus), he says that they threw balls, some of stone, and some of iron covered with lead. The son of Afonso de Albuquerque mentioned the armament of Malacca: There are large matchlocks, poisoned blowing tubes, bows, arrows, armour-plated dresses (laudeis de laminas), Javanese lances, and other sorts of weapons. After Malacca was taken by the Portuguese, they captured 3000 of the 5000 muskets which had been furnished from Java.
caption: Jiaozhi arquebus of 1739. Note the simple mechanism.
exif: {"Image Software": "Google"}