page_title: Proton-enhanced nuclear induction spectroscopy
hierarchical_section_title: Proton-enhanced nuclear induction spectroscopy
caption_attribution_description: English: Cross-polarization radiofrequency pulse scheme for nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
context_page_description: Proton-enhanced nuclear induction spectroscopy, also called cross-polarisation, is a nuclear magnetic resonance technique invented by Michael Gibby and Alexander Pines while they were graduate students in the lab of Professor John S. Waugh at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Due to the suggestive nature of its acronym, the latter name is used more often. This technique is an integral part of most solid-state NMR experiments involving spin-1/2 nuclei.
  PENIS was one of the first of Pines' experiments transferring spin orientation from one atomic nucleus to another, which has been one of the running themes throughout his career as a leading pioneer in the applications of NMR to the study of non-liquid samples. The PENIS technique was patented in 1972.
context_section_description: Proton-enhanced nuclear induction spectroscopy (PENIS), also called cross-polarisation (CP), is a nuclear magnetic resonance technique invented by Michael Gibby and Alexander Pines while they were graduate students in the lab of Professor John S. Waugh at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Due to the suggestive nature of its acronym, the latter name is used more often. This technique is an integral part of most solid-state NMR experiments involving spin-1/2 nuclei.
  PENIS was one of the first of Pines' experiments transferring spin orientation from one atomic nucleus to another, which has been one of the running themes throughout his career as a leading pioneer in the applications of NMR to the study of non-liquid samples. The PENIS technique was patented in 1972.
caption: Cross-polarization pulse sequence
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