page_title: William II Canynges
section_title: Background
hierarchical_section_title: William II Canynges / Background
caption_attribution_description: English: A watercolour portrait of Thomas Canynges (fl. 1450), who was Lord Mayor of London in 1456–1457 having been elected Alderman for Aldgate ward in 1445, and a member of the Worshipful Company of Grocers. Thomas was the eldest brother of William II Canynges (c. 1399–1474), a merchant and shipper from Bristol and one of the wealthiest private citizens of his day. The portrait was one of a series of 15th-century Lord Mayors painted in watercolour on paper by Roger Leigh. The series places emphasis on the subjects' armorials, shown in escutcheons. Thomas Canynges is shown wearing his aldermanic robes and holding the Canynges arms in his right hand, the blazon of which is "argent, three Moors' heads couped in profile proper wreathed around the temples of the first and azure": from a description of the arms of his descendant Canning in Bernard Burke (1884) The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales: Comprising a Registry of Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time, London: Harrison, p.&#160;166 OCLC: 1647426. The arms of the City of London are depicted under his left hand in the pediment of the framed shields.
context_page_description: William II Canynges was an English merchant and shipper from Bristol, one of the wealthiest private citizens of his day and an occasional royal financier. He served as Mayor of Bristol five times and as MP for Bristol thrice. He was a generous patron of the arts in Bristol, particularly concerning the church of St Mary Redcliffe in Bristol, "The crown of Bristol architecture". Following the death of his wife Joan in 1467, he renounced civic and commercial life and was ordained a priest in 1468, in which capacity he remained until his death six years later. His tomb effigy in St Mary's later inspired the boy poet Thomas Chatterton to write the romantic poem "The Storie of William Canynge".
context_section_description: He was born at Bristol in 1399 or 1400, a member of a wealthy family of merchants and cloth manufacturers in that city. He was one of the younger of seven children of John Canynges, who died as a young man in 1405, by his wife Joan Wotton.  William's eldest brother Thomas Canynges was Lord Mayor of London in 1456–7, having been elected Alderman for Aldgate ward in 1445, and was a Grocer. William's grandfather William I Canynges (d. 1396) was also a great Bristol merchant and was also five times Mayor of Bristol and three times MP for Bristol, in 1383, 1384 and 1386. His second son John Canynges, the father of William II, was also prominent in Bristol civic life, serving twice as mayor and as MP for Bristol in 1383. His wife Joan Wotton survived him and married secondly in about 1408 Thomas Young, twice mayor of Bristol, by whom she had two successful sons, John Young, Alderman of London, Grocer and Lord Mayor of London in 1466,  and Thomas Young (d. 1476) a lawyer of the Middle Temple, Recorder of Bristol from 1441 and MP for Bristol  almost continuously, with one break in 1453, between 1435 and 1455. Thomas Young served as the other of Bristol's two MPs during his half-brother William II Canynges's terms as MP in 1450 and 1455, and before 1450 entered into the household of Richard, Duke of York (d. 1460), the Yorkist contender for heirship to the Throne then occupied by Henry VI (1422–1461).
caption: Thomas Canynges, Mayor of London 1456–7, eldest brother of William II. Painted by Roger Leigh, 15th century, collection of Corporation of London
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