page_title: Boer
section_title: Anglo-Boer wars
hierarchical_section_title: Boer / Anglo-Boer wars
caption_attribution_description: English: Boer family with a wagon on a farm in South Africa circa 1900. Titled: Father and son going to the front by Boer War Colourised Photographs.
context_page_description: Boer is Dutch and Afrikaans for "farmer". In South African contexts, "Boers" refers to the descendants of the proto-Afrikaans-speaking settlers of the eastern Cape frontier in Southern Africa during the 18th and much of the 19th century. From 1652 to 1795, the Dutch East India Company controlled this area, but the United Kingdom incorporated it into the British Empire in 1806.
  In addition, the term "Boeren" also applied to those who left the Cape Colony during the 19th century to settle in the Orange Free State, Transvaal, and to a lesser extent Natal. They emigrated from the Cape primarily to escape British rule and to get away from the constant border wars between the British imperial government and the indigenous peoples on the eastern frontier.
  The term Afrikaner is generally used in modern-day South Africa for the white Afrikaans-speaking population of South Africa including the descendants of the boers.
context_section_description: Following the British annexation of the Transvaal in 1877, Paul Kruger was a key figure in organizing the resistance which led to conflict with the British. The Boers fought two Boer Wars in the late 19th century to defend their internationally recognised independent countries, the republics of the Transvaal (the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek, or ZAR) and the Orange Free State (OFS).
caption: Boer family traveling by covered wagon circa 1900
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