page_title: Science and technology in Canada
hierarchical_section_title: Science and technology in Canada
caption_attribution_description: STS100-347-007 --- An unprecedented "handshake in space" occurred on April 28, 2001, as the Canadian-built space station robotic arm (right), also referred to as Canadarm2, transferred its launch cradle over to Endeavour's Canadian-built robotic arm.
context_page_description: Science and technology in Canada consists of three distinct but closely related phenomena:
  the diffusion of technology in Canada
  scientific research in Canada
  innovation, invention and industrial research in Canada
  In 2018, Canada spent approximately C$34.5 billion on domestic research and development, of which around $2 billion was spent directly by the federal government in-house and an additional $5.7 billion was provided by provincial and federal sources in the form of grants.
context_section_description: Science and technology in Canada consists of three distinct but closely related phenomena:
  the diffusion of technology in Canada
  scientific research in Canada
  innovation, invention and industrial research in Canada
  In 2018, Canada spent approximately C$34.5 billion on domestic research and development, of which around $2 billion was spent directly by the federal government in-house and an additional $5.7 billion was provided by provincial and federal sources in the form of grants.
caption: The Canadian-built space station robotic arm (right), referred to as Canadarm2, transferred its launch cradle over to Endeavour's Canadian-built robotic arm, referred to as Canadarm
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