page_title: South Tyrol
section_title: Autonomy
hierarchical_section_title: South Tyrol / History / Autonomy
caption_attribution_description: German language primary school in St. Johann/Ahrntal, South Tyrol, Italy Self-made photograph Sep 06, 2005
context_page_description: South Tyrol is an autonomous province in northern Italy, one of the two that make up the autonomous region of Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol. Its official trilingual denomination is Autonome Provinz Bozen – Südtirol in German, Provincia autonoma di Bolzano – Alto Adige in Italian and Provinzia autonoma de Bulsan – Südtirol in Ladin, reflecting the three main language groups to which its population belongs. The province is the northernmost of Italy, the second largest, with an area of 7,400 square kilometres and has a total population of 531,178 inhabitants as of 2019. Its capital and largest city is Bolzano.
  According to 2014 data based on the 2011 census, 62.3% of the population speaks German as first language; 23.4% of the population speaks Italian, mainly in and around the two largest cities; 4.1% speaks Ladin, a Rhaeto-Romance language; 10.2% of the population speaks another language natively.
  The province is granted a considerable level of self-government, consisting of a large range of exclusive legislative and executive powers and a fiscal regime that allows it to retain 90% of revenue, while remaining a net contributor to the national budget.
context_section_description: In 1992, Italy and Austria officially ended their dispute over the autonomy issue on the basis of the agreement of 1972.
  The extensive self-government provided by the current institutional framework has been advanced as a model for settling interethnic disputes and for the successful protection of linguistic minorities. This is among the reasons why the Ladin municipalities of Cortina d'Ampezzo/Anpezo, Livinallongo del Col di Lana/Fodom and Colle Santa Lucia/Col have asked in a referendum to be detached from Veneto and reannexed to the province, from which they were separated under the fascist government.
caption: Plaque at a German-language school in both Italian and German
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