page_title: Press hardening
section_title: Methods
hierarchical_section_title: Press hardening / Methods
caption_attribution_description: English: Sketch of the direct hot forming process
context_page_description: Hot stamping is a relatively new technology which allows ultra-high strength steels to be formed into complex shapes, which is not possible with regular cold stamping operations.
context_section_description: 1) Indirect Process: the blank is formed, trimmed, and pierced in cold condition (i.e., state 1 in below figure). It is later heated and quenched in a die to get high strength properties.
  2) Direct Process: the unformed blank is heated in a furnace, formed in hot condition (state 2 in below figure), and quenched in the die to achieve the required properties.
  Selection of the process depends on part complexity and blank coating (Zn based coatings typically require indirect process). In either method, the blank is formed in a much softer and formable state and is later hardened in the dies, which have drilled cooling channels. A typical hot stamped components has 1000 MPa (145 ksi) Yield Stress and 1500 MPa (215 ksi) Ultimate tensile strength.
caption: Direct hot forming sketch, Direct hot forming
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