page_title: Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks
section_title: Cultural references
hierarchical_section_title: Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks / Cultural references
caption_attribution_description: English: Soviet leaders write the letter of defiance to George Curzon. Depicted: Semyon Budyonny, Alexei Rykov, Sergey Kamenev, Mikhail Kalinin, Karl Radek, Leonid Krasin, Nikolai Bukharin, Lev Kamenev, Georgy Chicherin, Leon Trotsky, Christian Rakovsky, Demyan Bedny, Maxim Litvinov, Joseph Stalin, Grigory Zinoviev. Based on The Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks by Ilya Repin.
context_page_description: Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks to Sultan Mehmed IV of the Ottoman Empire, also known as Cossacks of Saporog Are Drafting a Manifesto, is a painting by Russian artist Ilya Repin. The 2.03 m by 3.58 m canvas was started in 1880 and finished in 1891. Repin recorded the years of work along the lower edge of the canvas. Alexander III bought the painting for 35,000 rubles, at the time the greatest sum ever paid for a Russian painting. Since then, the canvas has been exhibited in the State Russian Museum in Saint Petersburg.
context_section_description: The French poet Guillaume Apollinaire wrote a versified version of the letter ("Réponse des Cosaques Zaporogues au Sultan de Constantinople") as part of his poem "La Chanson du mal-aimé" in his collection of poems Alcools (1913).
  This versified version of the letter has been set to music by the French singer-songwriter Léo Ferré, who composed a whole oratorio on La Chanson du mal-aimé for soloists, choir and orchestra (1953). Verses were also set to music by Dmitri Shostakovich in his "Symphony Number 14", amongst other poets (Lorca, Rilke) writing about death.
  Art critic Clement Greenberg selected Repin's painting as a bad example of "kitsch" in his influential essay Avant-Garde and Kitsch (1939).
  The painting appears in the opening credits of the 1962 movie Taras Bulba.
  The writing of the letter is depicted in the film Taras Bulba (2009).
  A trailer for the "Cossacks" expansion to the video game Europa Universalis IV includes an altered version of the reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks (2015).
  The game Cossacks: European Wars has the central detail of the picture in its logo.
caption: A 1923 Russian cartoon parody of the painting "Bolsheviks writing a Reply to Englishman Curzon
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