page_title: Biblical terminology for race
section_title: Hippolytus
hierarchical_section_title: Biblical terminology for race / Hippolytus
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Holzschnitt aus der Schedel'schen Weltchronik, Blatt 12v/13r English: Woodcut from the Nuremberg Chronicle
context_page_description: Biblical terminology for race has been used to classify human races, based on proposed Biblical lineage from the Table of Nations in Genesis 10, since antiquity.
  The early modern biblical division of the world's races into Semites, Hamites and Japhetites was coined at the Göttingen School of History in the late 18th century – in parallel with the color terminology for race which divided mankind into five colored races.
context_section_description: Hippolytus of Rome, in his Diamerismos (c. 234, existing in numerous Latin and Greek copies), made another attempt to assign ethnicities to the names in Genesis 10. It is thought to have been based on the Book of Jubilees.
  Its differences versus that of Josephus are shown below:
  Gomer – Cappadocians
  Ashkenaz – Sarmatians
  Riphath – Sauromatians
  Togarmah – Armenians
  Magog – Galatians, Celts
  Javan
  Elishah – Sicels (Chron Pasc: Trojans and Phrygians)
  Tarshish – Iberians, Tyrrhenians
  Kittim – Macedonians, Romans, Latins
  Tubal – "Hettali" (?)
  Meshech – Illyrians
  Misraim
  Ludim – Lydians
  Anamim – Pamphylians
  Pathrusim – Lycians (var.: Cretans)
  Caphtorim – Cilicians
  Put – Troglodytes
  Canaan – Afri and Phoenicians
  Arkite – Tripolitanians
  Lud – Halizones
  Arpachshad
  Cainan – "those east of the Sarmatians" (one variant)
  Joktan
  Elmodad – Indians
  Saleph – Bactrians
  Hazamaveth, Sheba – Arabs
  Adoram – Carmanians
  Uzal – Arians (var.: Parthians)
  Abimael – Hyrcanians
  Obal – Scythians
  Ophir – Armenians
  Deklah – Gedrosians
  Aram – "Etes" ?
  Hul – Lydians (var: Colchians)
  Gether – "Gaspeni" ?
  Mash – Mossynoeci (var: Mosocheni)
  The Chronography of 354, the Panarion by Epiphanius of Salamis (c. 375), the Chronicon Paschale (c. 627), the History of Albania by the Georgian historian Movses Kaghankatvatsi (7th century), and the Synopsis of Histories by John Skylitzes (c. 1057) follow the identifications of Hippolytus.
caption: Woodcut from the Nuremberg Chronicle, showing Shem, Ham and Japheth over their corners of the world
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