page_title: Huddersfield
section_title: Industrial Revolution
hierarchical_section_title: Huddersfield / History / Industrial Revolution
caption_attribution_description: 1000px Image of Huddersfield from Castle Hill
context_page_description: Huddersfield is a large market town in the metropolitan borough of Kirklees in West Yorkshire, England. It had 162,949 residents at the 2011 census. It sits close to the Pennines, 14 miles southwest of Leeds, 12 miles west of Wakefield, 23 miles northwest of Sheffield and 24 miles northeast of Manchester. It hosts the administrative centre of its borough.
  The south of the town has the discharge of the Holme into the similar-size River Colne, West Yorkshire. These were tapped for steam turbines and textile treatment in the large weaving sheds which are associated with an economic boom in the early part of the Industrial Revolution. The town is the birth place of rugby league, Labour Prime Minister Harold Wilson and film star James Mason. The current Doctor Who, Jodie Whittaker, was born in Skelmanthorpe.
  The town is home to: in rugby league Huddersfield Giants, who play in the Super League; and in football Huddersfield Town who usually play in the Championship. It further hosts the University of Huddersfield and three colleges: Greenhead College, Kirklees College and Huddersfield New College.
context_section_description: Sir John Ramsden, 3rd Baronet built the Huddersfield Cloth Hall in 1766 and his son the fourth baronet was responsible for Sir John Ramsden's Canal in 1780. The Ramsdens endorsed the railway in the first wave of national railway building, in the 1840s.
  Huddersfield was a centre of civil unrest during this phase of the Industrial Revolution in which Europe saw frequent wars during and after which, as to those most acutely affecting Britain, cloth trade slumped which could be compounded by local crops failure, many local weavers faced starvation and losing their livelihood due to the new, mechanised weaving sheds. Luddites began destroying the great mills, sheds and machinery at such times; one of the most notorious attacks was on Cartwright – a Huddersfield mill-owner, who had a reputation for cruelty – and his Rawfolds Mill. Kirkpatrick Sale describes how an army platoon was stationed at Huddersfield to deal with these; at its peak, having about a thousand soldiers and ten thousand civilians. Luddites thus began to focus criminal damage on nearby towns and villages (less well-protected); their most damaging act was to destroy Foster's Mill at Horbury – a village about 10 miles (16 km) east. The government campaign that crushed the movement was provoked by a murder that took place in Huddersfield. William Horsfall, a mill-owner and a passionate prosecutor of Luddites, was killed in 1812. Although the movement faded out, Parliament began to increase welfare provision for those out of work, and introduce regulations to improve conditions in the mills.
caption: Closest wooded uplands in the inner part of the town's green belt, the town centre and the crest of the Pennines to the west: semi-panorama from Castle Hill. Three converted neoclassical mill sheds are in the foreground
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