page_title: Fish gill
section_title: Parasites on gills
hierarchical_section_title: Fish gill / Parasites on gills
caption_attribution_description: English: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parasite of the grouper Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) off New Caledonia, South Pacific. Photograph of holotype, slide MNHN JNC2453A5, carmine-stained, total length of specimen 340 µm. This file has descriptions in MANY languages - if you don't see them, select "Show all" with the language selector above العربية: Monogenea, Diplectanidae Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 طفيل سمكة جروبير او المناني Epinephelus morrhua Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes في بحار كاليدونيا الجديدة، جنوب المحيط الهادي. صورة النموذج الأصلي، شريحة MNHN JNC2453A5، صبغة كارمن (كوشنيل)، الطول الكلي للعينة 340 ميكرومتر. Afrikaans: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parasiet van die kontoer-klipkabeljou Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) van Niew-Caledonië, Suid-Stille Oseaan. Foto van die holotiep, mikroskoop preparaat MNHN JNC2453A5, karmien-gekleur, totale lengte van die eksemplaar 340 µm. বাংলা: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, ২০০৮ (Monogenea, Diplectanidae),হলো Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) শ্রেনীর এক পরজীবী . এটি দক্ষিন প্রশান্ত মহাসাগরের নিউ কালোরাড উপকূলে পাওয়া যায়. slide MNHN JNC2453A5 এ এর ছবি দেওয়া আছে.নমুনা টির মোট দৈর্ঘ্য ৩৪০ μm ,এটি অনেক দাগ যুক্ত এবং গারো লাল রঙের .] Català: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), paràsit del nero Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) a les costes de Nova Caledònia, Pacífic Sud. Fotografia de l’holotip, preparació MNHN JNC2453A5, tinció amb carmí, longitud total de l’exemplar 340 µm. Corsu: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parasita di a cernia Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Percaformi) à u largu di a Nova Caledonia, Pacificu Suttanu. Ritrattu di l’ulotipu, lama MNHN JNC2453A5, culurazioni à u carminiu, lunghezza tutali di a specia 340 µm. Cymraeg: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parasit o'r grwper Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) oddi ar arfordir Caledonia Newydd, De y Môr Tawel. Ffotograff o'r holoteip, sleid MNHN JNC2453A5, wedi'i staenio gyda carmin, cyfanswm hyd y saml 340 μm. Čeština: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parazit z kanice Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) z pobřežních vod Nové Kaledonie, Jižní Pacifik. Fotografie holotypu, preparát MNHN JNC2453A5, barveno karmínem, celková délka těla 340 µm. Deutsch: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), Parasit des Zackenbarsches Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes), vor Neukaledonien, Südpazifik. Foto des Holotypus, Objektträger MNHN JNC2453A5, mit Karminrot angefärbt, Totallänge des Exemplars 340 µm. Español: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parásito del mero Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) en las costas de Nueva Caledonia, Pacífico Sur. Fotografía del holotipo, preparación MNHN JNC2453A5, tinción con carmín, longitud total del ejemplar 340 µm. فارسی: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (مونوژنه آ، دیپلکتانیده) انگل ماهی قباد یا Epinephelus morrhua ( اپینفلینه، سرانیده، پرسیفرم) در سواحل کالدونیای جدید در جنوب اقیانوس آرام میباشد. نمونه هولوتایپ اسلایدی با شماره MNHN JNC2453A5 میباشد که با کارمین رنگ آمیزی شده است. درازای بدن این نمونه ٣٤٠ میکرون است. برای مشاهده توصیف این انگل به مقاله چاپ شده توسط ژوستین که در سال ٢٠٠٨ در مجله Systematic Parasitology، شماره ٧١، صفحه ۱٤۵ تا ۱۵۸ چاپ شده است مراجعه نمایید. doi:10.1007/s11230-008-9156-4 Français&#160;: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parasite du mérou Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) au large de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Pacifique Sud. Photographie de l’holotype, lame MNHN JNC2453A5, coloration au carmin, longueur totale du spécimen 340 µm. Gàidhlig: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), dìosganach a bhios air an iasg grouper Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) mu chladaichean Chaledonia Nuadh, anns a’ Chuan Sèimh a-Deas. Dealbh de’n phrìomh bhall-sampaill, sleamhnag MNHN JNC2453A5, air a dhath dearg carmine, faid a’ bhuill-sampaill gu h-iomlan 340 μm. עברית: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae) טפיל של דג הדקר Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) מחופי קלדוניה החדשה, דרום האוקיינוס השקט, צילום של פרט מקור (Holotype), תתקין מיקרוסקופי, MNHN JNC2453A5, צבוע בקרמין, אורך כללי של הפרט 340 µm. תיאור המין (באנגלית עם תקציר בצרפתית): Justine, 2008, Systematic Parasitology, 71, 145-158. हिन्दी: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), न्यू कैलेडोनिया, दक्षिण प्रशांत ग्रूपर Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) के परजीवी. Holotype की तस्वीर स्लाइड MNHN JNC2453A5, लाल रंग से भरा हुआ, नमूना 340 माइक्रोन की कुल लंबाई. Hrvatski: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parazit kirnje Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) sa pučine Nove Kaledonije, južni Pacifik. Fotografija holotipa, mikroskopski preparat MNHN JNC2453A5, obojen karminskim crvenilom, ukupna dužina primjerka 340 µm. Italiano: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parassita della cernia Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) al largo della Nuova Caledonia, Sud Pacifico. Fotografia dell’olotipo, vetrino MNHN JNC2453A5, colorato con carminio, lunghezza totale 340 µm. 한국어: 남태평양 뉴칼레도니아 해역에서 채집된 바리류, Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes)에 기생하는 단생흡충류, Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae). 모식표본 사진, 슬라이드 MNHN JNC2453A5, 카민스테인, 몸길이 340 µm. Bahasa Melayu: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parasit ikan kerapu Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) dari New Caledonia, Pasifik Selatan. Gambar holotip, slaid MNHN JNC2453A5, diwarnakan menggunakan lumuran carmine, panjang keseluruhan spesimen ialah 340 µm. Nederlands: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), een parasiet van de tandbaars Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) voor de kust van Nieuw-Caledonië, zuidelijke Stille Oceaan. Foto van het holotype, slide MNHN JNC2453A5, karmijnkleuring, totale lengte van het specimen 340 µm. Polski: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), pasożyt ryby okoniokształtnej Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) wybrzeży Nowej Kaledonii, Południowy Pacyfik. Fotografia holotypu, preparat MNHN JNC2453A5, barwiony karminem, ogólna długość osobnika 340 µm. Português: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parasito da garoupa Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) da Nova Caledonia, Sul do Pacífico. Fotografia do holótipo, lâmina MNHN JNC2453A5, corado com carmim, comprimento total do espécimen 340 µm. Русский: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), паразит окунеобразного мероу Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes), выловленного у берегов Новой Каледонии (юг Тихого океана). Фотография голотипа, слайд MNHN JNC2453A5, окрашенный кармином. Общая длина особи 340 мкм. Slovenčina: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parazit z kanice Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) z pobrežných vôd Novej Kaledónie, Južný Pacifik. Fotografia holotypu, preparát MNHN JNC2453A5, farbené karmínom, celková dĺžka tela 340 µm. Slovenščina: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parazit kirnje Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) z odprtega morja Nove Kaledonije, južni Pacifik. Fotografija holotipa, mikroskopski preparat MNHN JNC2453A5, obarvan s karminskim rdečilom, celotna dolžina primerka 340 µm. Српски / srpski: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), паразит керње Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) из вода Нове Каледоније, јужни Пацифик. Фотографија холотипа, микроскопски препарат MNHN JNC2453A5, обојен кармин црвеним, укупна дужина примерка 340 µm. Svenska: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parasit på en art av havsabborrfiskar Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) från Nya Kaledonien i Södra Stilla havet. Fotografi av holotyp, preparat MNHN JNC2453A5, karmin-färgad, längd 340 µm. தமிழ்: நியூ கலிடோனியா, தென் பசிபிக் கடலில் பிடிக்கப்பட்ட கலவாய் மீனின் Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) ஒட்டுண்ணி Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae). முதன்முதலில் கண்டுபிடித்த புகைப்படம், எண் MNHN JNC2453A5, கார்மெயின் நிறம்படிந்த கண்ணாடியில், ஒட்டுண்ணியின் மொத்த நீளம் 340 µm. Українська: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), паразит риби з ряду Окунеподібні Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) з убережжя Нової Каледонії (південна частина Тихого Океану). На фото: голотип, препарат MNHN JNC2453A5, забарвлений карміном, загальна довжина екземпляра - 340 µm. 中文: 摹华拟合片盘虫，Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008；宿主：弓斑石斑鱼 Epinephelus morrhua (鲈形目， 鮨科，石斑鱼亚科）采集地：新喀里多尼亚岛（法国海外领地,位于南太平洋）海域；图片：源于正模标本，保存于英国自然历史博物馆，标本编号：MNHN JNC2453A5, 洋红染色，标本总长为340微米. Tiếng Việt: Loài Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Sán lá đơn chủ Monogenea, họ Diplectanidae), ký sinh trên loài cá mú Epinephelus morrhua (phân họ Epinephelinae, họ cá Song Serranidae,bộ cá vược Perciformes). Ảnh của mẫu chuẩn: ký hiệu tiêu bản MNHN JNC2453A5, tiêu bản được nhuộm các-manh. Chiều dài toàn bộ cơ thể mẫu vật là 340 µm. Mẫu được mô tả bởi tác giả Justine (2008) trên tạp chí Systematic Parasitology, số 71, trang 145-158 (có tóm tắt bằng cả tiếng Anh và tiếng Pháp). Suomi: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), loisii meriahvenella Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae/alaheimo meriahvenet, Serranidae/heimo meriahvenet, Perciformes/ lahko ahvenkalat) Uuden Kaledonian edustalla eteläisellä Tyynellä merellä. Holotyypin valokuva, lasi MNHN JNC2453A5, karmiinivärjätty, yksilön kokonaispituus 340 μm. Mainittakoon, että isäntälaji (ja siis sen suomalainen nimi) puuttuu teoksesta Varjo, M., Koli, L. &amp; Dahlström, H. (2004) Maailman kalojen nimet (The Names of the Fishes of the World), Suomen biologian seura Vanamo ry., Helsinki. Sicilianu: [Salentino] Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parassita di la cernia Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) truatu icinu alla Noa Caledonia, annanzi allu Pacificu di lu Sud. Fotu di lu olotipu, vetrinu MNHN JNC2453A5, coloratu cu carminiu, luengu 340 µm. Descrizione di la specie (in inglese cu lu riassuntu in francese). Magyar: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), a Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) fűrészes sügér parazitája Új-kaledóniából (Csendes óceán déli medencéje). Holotípus, tárgylemezen MNHN JNC2453A5, kárminvörös-festett, az egyed teljes hossza 340 µm. Sesotho: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), kokwanahloko ya tlhapi e bitswang Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) ho tswa New Caledonia, South Pacific. Setshwantsho sa kokwanahloko ena se fumanwa selaeteng MNHN JNC2453A5, se kentsweng enkeng ya carmine, bolelele ba kokwanahloko ke 340 µm. ChiShona: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), chitandiri chehove inonzi Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) inowanikwa ku New Caledonia, South Pacific. Fananidzo yeholotype, slide MNHN JNC2453A5, yakatindivadzwa neruvara rwe carmine, urefu hwechitandiri ichi i 340 µm. Sesotho sa Leboa: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), phelakadingwe ya sehlopha sa Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) off New Caledonia, South Pacific. Seswantsho sa mohuta wa se thedimosi, MNHN JNC2453A5, sa go tshilafatswa ka carmine, botelele bja seshupo ka botlalo ke 340 µm. Malti: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (Monogenea, Diplectanidae), parassita taċ-ċerna Epinephelus morrhua (Epinephelinae, Serranidae, Perciformes) maqbuda barra Kaledonja l-Ġdida, Nofsinhar tal-Paċifiku. Ritratt tal-‘holotype’, slide MNHN JNC2453A5, ikkulurata bil-‘carmine’, tul totali tal-kampjun 340 μm. 文言: Pseudorhabdosynochus morrhua Justine, 2008 (單殖吸蟲綱，鱗盤科)，寄生於吊橋石斑魚(Epinephelus morrhua)(鱸型目，鮨科，石斑魚亞科)。於南太平洋法屬新喀里多尼亞島發現。圖片為原型標本(編號MNHN JNC2453A5)，洋紅染色，標本總長340微米。
context_page_description: Fish gills are organs that allow fish to breathe underwater. Most fish exchange gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide using gills that are protected under gill covers on both sides of the pharynx. Gills are tissues that are like short threads, protein structures called filaments. These filaments have many functions including the transfer of ions and water, as well as the exchange of oxygen, carbon dioxide, acids and ammonia. Each filament contains a capillary network that provides a large surface area for exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide.
  Fish exchange gases by pulling oxygen-rich water through their mouths and pumping it over their gills. In some fish, capillary blood flows in the opposite direction to the water, causing counter-current exchange. The gills push the oxygen-poor water out through openings in the sides of the pharynx. Some fish, like sharks and lampreys, possess multiple gill openings. However, bony fish have a single gill opening on each side. This opening is hidden beneath a protective bony cover called the operculum.
  Juvenile bichirs have external gills, a very primitive feature that they share with larval amphibians.
context_section_description: Fish gills are the preferred habitat of many ectoparasites (parasites attached to the gill but living out of it); the most commons are monogeneans and certain groups of parasitic copepods, which can be extremely numerous. Other ectoparasites found on gills are leeches and, in seawater, larvae of gnathiid isopods. Endoparasites (parasites living inside the gills) include encysted adult didymozoid trematodes, a few trichosomoidid nematodes of the genus Huffmanela, including Huffmanela ossicola which lives within the gill bone, and the encysted parasitic turbellarian Paravortex. Various protists and Myxosporea are also parasitic on gills, where they form cysts.
caption: Monogenean parasite on the gill of a grouper
exif: {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 5D", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS2 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2008:08:06 17:58:39", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "206", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "1098", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4437", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/640", "EXIF FNumber": "0", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Shutter Priority", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "1600", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2008:03:06 06:43:42", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2008:03:06 06:43:42", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "75/8", "EXIF ApertureValue": "2147483648", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "0", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "1059", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1600", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "2184", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "1320", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "950", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "873600/283", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "1456000/471", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF ImageUniqueID": "1ba867bd2fde82c0caee044f1ed636e3"}