page_title: Bottled oxygen (climbing)
section_title: Post-Everest 1953
hierarchical_section_title: Bottled oxygen (climbing) / Post-Everest 1953
caption_attribution_description: Español: Ivan Gomez alza la bandera Dominicana en la cima del Everest
context_page_description: Bottled oxygen is oxygen in small, portable, high pressure storage cylinders, as used for high-altitude climbing. Bottled oxygen may also be for a breathing gas, especially for scuba diving or in surgeries.
  High-altitude climbing usually requires the use of portable oxygen apparatus when climbing Mount Everest or the other eight-thousanders, though some mountaineers have ascended Everest without oxygen. The apparatus can be open-circuit or closed-circuit; the 1953 British Mount Everest expedition used both types. The Death zone altitude is 26,000 feet or above.
context_section_description: In 1978 Reinhold Messner and Peter Habeler made the first ascent of Mount Everest without supplemental oxygen. Messner had ascended all 14 "eight-thousanders" without supplemental oxygen by 1986.  
  Running out of bottled oxygen was noted as a factor in the 1979 deaths of Ray Genet and Hannelore Schmatz on Mount Everest.
  By the 21st century one of the popular oxygen systems on Mount Everest used carbon-fiber reinforced aluminum bottles, with a 3 liter container of oxygen weighing 7 pounds (3.2 kg) when filled up at 3000 psi (207 bar or 20.7 MPa).
  By the late 2010s, theft of oxygen bottles from camps had become increasingly common. Empty or spent oxygen tanks are among the "waste" items left on Mount Everest.
caption: Climber at the summit of Everest wearing an oxygen mask
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