page_title: María Dolores Katarain
section_title: Murder
hierarchical_section_title: María Dolores Katarain / Murder
caption_attribution_description: English: The sculpture Conjunción ternaria 1 sobre 2, by Jorge Oteiza, put in Ordizia (Gipuzkoa) as a homage to Nikolas Lekuona, Jose Sarriegi and María Dolores González Katarain Yoyes. Euskara: 2 gaineko 1, multzo hirukoitza eskultura, Jorge Oteizak egina. Ordiziako (Gipuzkoa) Goen kalean jarrita dago, Nikolas Lekuonaren, Jose Sarriegiren eta Maria Dolores Gonzalez Katarain Yoyesen omenez. Español: La escultura Conjunción ternaria 1 sobre 2, de Jorge Oteiza, colocada en Ordizia (Guipúzcoa) en homenaje a Nikolas Lekuona, Jose Sarriegi y María Dolores González Katarain Yoyes.
context_page_description: María Dolores González Katarain, also known as Yoyes, was an iconic woman leader of Basque separatist group ETA, who became a symbol because of the tragic circumstances of her life.
  Yoyes was the first woman to enter the senior ETA leadership, but she decided to leave the organisation to start a new life. Her former comrades regarded her as a traitor and she was killed by ETA in 1986 in her home town of Ordizia, during a local festival, in front of her three-year-old son. The killing led to unprecedented criticism of ETA in the Basque Country.
context_section_description: In September 1986, Yoyes and her 3-year-old son went back to her home town of Ordizia to see a festival. She was shot dead in front of him in the main square. The crime caused outrage and led to unprecedented criticism of ETA in its Basque heartland. The local council in Ordizia suspended the festival. Hundreds of people attended Yoyes's funeral and a protest march through the town where mourners each carried a flower. A letter condemning ETA was published in the press and gained hundreds of signatures. At the time, ETA kept Basque society under tight control and this was the first time people had spoken out. Yoyes' murder is now considered a milestone in the history of ETA.
  Yoyes' friend, Elixabete Garmendia, believes there was also a sexist element to the killing. She believes ETA thought it owned Yoyes because she was a woman and acted "like a spurned husband" when she chose to start a new life.
  The ETA member, Antonio López Ruiz, "Kubati", was arrested in 1987 and convicted of killing Yoyes. The operation was codenamed Akaitz in honour of Yoyes's son. Kubati was released in 2013.
  In 2000, a Spanish film, Yoyes, was made about her life.
caption: The sculpture Conjunción ternaria 1 sobre 2, by Jorge Oteiza, in Ordizia (Gipuzkoa) as a homage to Nikolas Lekuona, Jose Sarriegi and María Dolores Katarain, Yoyes.
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