page_title: International Congress on Tuberculosis
section_title: 1908 congress (Washington, D.C.)
hierarchical_section_title: International Congress on Tuberculosis / 1908 congress (Washington, D.C.)
caption_attribution_description: English: Identifier: transactionsofsi02inte (find matches) Title: Transactions of the sixth International congress on tuberculosis. Washington, September 28 to October 5, 1908 Year: 1908 (1900s) Authors: International Congress on Tuberculosis (6th&#160;: 1908&#160;: Washington, D.C.) Subjects: Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Tuberculosis Societies, Medical Publisher: Philadelphia, W.F. Fell company Contributing Library: Columbia University Libraries Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons View Book Page: Book Viewer About This Book: Catalog Entry View All Images: All Images From Book Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book. Text Appearing Before Image: omy. The pressure pro-duced by the lower bar about the gluteal muscles (results in photos, cases1, 2, 3) produces atrophy of these muscles. Thus the restriction of theapron interferes with the development of the child and his ability to buildup a resistance, to throw off the tuberculous disease, and secondly, theadditional weight increases deformity. By this I mean that in cases seen by me, in which natures cure hasresulted without the aid of any surgical treatment, the bony prominence hasgiven less deformity than the hideous deformed backs that are shown inthese pictures (1, 2, 3), and many other photographs in my possession,where, by the lowering of the vitality, by the restriction of the apron, andthe added weight of the brace, these unsightly deformities have resulted. I wish now to draw your attention to a brace, carrying a collar over thecrest of the ilium (Fig. 5), giving a primary bony support, through thepelvis and leg, to the ground. This support does away with the necessity Text Appearing After Image: RATIONAL SPINAL SUPPORT.—FRAUENTHAL. 313 of an apron, and permits us to throw the superimposed weight back on thetransverse processes. By dispensing with the apron, the lungs and heart canbe developed, and the digestive function is unrestricted, a high vitality iskept up and resistance furnished to incapsulate the tuberculous process. As one sees so frequently tuberculous disease of the spine above theseventh dorsal vertebra, it must rest with the surgeon whether rest on acuirass or ambulatory treatment, with a brace or jacket, be used, but in thelatter case it is imperative to attach a jury-mast, as the jacket alone inter-feres with the childs general health and accomplishes nothing toward a cure. The following case represents one of the type seen at the Hospital forDeformities and Joint Diseases so frequently as to call for some comment. A. Mc, referred by Dr. DeKraft, with the following history: In Febru-ary, 1907, the child complained of stomach and abdominal pains, and onadvice Note About Images Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.
context_page_description: The International Congress on Tuberculosis was a series of major congresses held between 1899 and 1912 in which scientists and physicians exchanged information on tuberculosis, a significant cause of death at the time.
context_section_description: The 6th Congress was held in the United States in Washington, D.C. from 28 September to 3 October 1908.
  Hundreds of the attendees came from Canada, Central and South America, Europe and Japan to obtain the latest information about tuberculosis from biological, economic and sociological perspectives. Outside the sessions they were feted at receptions and taken on tours of hospitals, clinics and sanatoriums.
  A large number of papers were presented.
  The congress organizers carefully vetted the papers to avoid the sensationalism and reports of "startling discoveries" given at the London and Paris congresses. The main focus was on the influence of housing conditions in the spread of the disease.
  Some papers:
  Professor Irving Fisher of Yale University talked on Some Economic Aspects of Tuberculosis, which was causing 164 deaths per 100,000 of the population in the United States. 138,000 had died in 1906.
  Iyo Araki presented a report about tuberculosis in Japan.
  Dr. E.C. Schroeder of the Department of Agrigulture, Washington read a paper on Tubercle Bacilli in Cow's Faeces. He found that apparently healthy cows could expel the lethal bacilli in their faeces, and that commercial milk was often contaminated with cow faeces.
  Dr. Alfred F. Hess of New York reported on Tubercle Bacilli in New York Milk. He found tuberculosis in 16% of samples.
  Dr. Aldred Scott Warthin of Michigan discussed Placental Transmission of Tuberculosis, and stated that a mother could easily pass tuberculosis to the fetus. This might be more common than generally thought.
  Dr. Ladislaus Detre of Budapest described his method of producing a differential cutaneous reaction for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
  Several doctors reported on racial differences in susceptibility to tuberculosis. Dr. M. Fishberg of New York said that the mortality of Jews from tuberculosis was about half that of Christians despite often living in unhealthy slums, perhaps because they had adapted to city life over 2,000 years. Dr. Antonio Stella noted that tuberculosis among Italians was more common in the United States than on Italy. The Irish and the Negroes also had high prevalence, perhaps due to racial factors among the Irish but more to the environment and insanitary habits among the Negroes.
caption: Transactions of the 6th congress: Rational Spinal Support  — Frauenthal
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