page_title: Leader–member exchange theory
section_title: The four stages
hierarchical_section_title: Leader–member exchange theory / Evolution / The four stages
caption_attribution_description: English: Stages of LMX based on Graen &amp; Uhl-Bien
context_page_description: The leader–member exchange theory is a relationship-based approach to leadership that focuses on the two-way relationship between leaders and followers. Previous research shows that better LMX results in more resources being available to subordinates and restricted information. Employees in a mobile phone company with better LMX, characterized with a high degree of mutual trust, were more willing to share their knowledge
  The latest version of leader–member exchange theory of leadership development explains the growth of vertical dyadic workplace influence and team performance in terms of selection and self-selection of informal apprenticeships in leadership. It suggests that leaders select the best and make offers and members of team accept or not. Apprentices who complete the program develop strong emotional attachments with their mentor-teacher. This is reflected in their descriptions by both of their relationship as one of mutual respect for competence, trust in character and benevolence toward each other.
context_section_description: In their 1995 paper titled "Relationship-Based Approach to Leadership: Development of Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory of Leadership over 25 Years: Applying a Multi-Level Multi-Domain Perspective," George B. Graen and Mary Uhl-Bien discuss the development of LMX from through four evolutionary stages.
caption: Based on Graen and Uhl-Bien[1]
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