page_title: Abaqa Khan
section_title: Golden Horde
hierarchical_section_title: Abaqa Khan / Military campaigns / Golden Horde
caption_attribution_description: English: ISLAMIC, Mongols. Ilkhanids. temp. Abaqa. AH 663-681 / AD 1265-1282. AR Dirham (20mm, 2.76 g, 3h). qa’an al-’adil type. [Tiflis mint]. [Dated AH 663 (AD 1265)]. Diler A-99; Album 2134; ICV 2074 (Anonymous). VF, toned.
context_page_description: Abaqa Khan, was the second Mongol ruler of the Ilkhanate. The son of Hulagu Khan and Lady Yesünčin. He was the grandson of Tolui and reigned from 1265 to 1282 and was succeeded by his brother Ahmed Tekuder. Much of Abaqa's reign was consumed with civil wars in the Mongol Empire, such as those between the Ilkhanate and the northern khanate of the Golden Horde. Abaqa also engaged in unsuccessful attempts at military invasion of Syria, including the Second Battle of Homs.
context_section_description: Since Hulagu's reign, the Mongols of the Ilkhanate had been at war with the Mongols of the Golden Horde. This continued into Abaqa's reign, and the Golden Horde invaded the Ilkhanate in the Spring after his accession. The invasion was partly due to an alliance between the Golden Horde and the Egyptian Mamluks.  As part of this alliance, the Golden Horde would attempt to distract Abaqa through an attack on his territories to keep him from invading Mamluk-held Syria. The hostilities continued until the death of the Golden Horde's khan Berke, in 1267. The Great Khan Kublai attempted to intervene to stop the civil war, and due to his influence, the Golden Horde's khan, Möngke Temür did not launch a major invasion into Abaqa's territory. However, Möngke Temür still established an alliance with the Egyptian Mamluk sultan Baibars promising that he would attack Abaqa and share any conquered territories. However, at the same time, Möngke Temür sent envoys to congratulate Abaqa when the Ilkhan defeated Ghiyas-ud-din Baraq. In 1270, he allowed Mengu-Timur to collect his revenues from workshops in Iran.
caption: Silver dirham of Abaqa Khan, struck at the Tiflis (Tbilisi) mint, dated 1265
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