page_title: Tierpark Hagenbeck
section_title: Panorama exhibits
hierarchical_section_title: Tierpark Hagenbeck / History / Panorama exhibits
caption_attribution_description: English: Lions in Hagenbeck Zoo https://picasaweb.google.com/117919047400413299240/HagenbeckZooInHamburg?noredirect=1#5646738292049372770 Deutsch: Löwen im Tierpark Hagenbeck
context_page_description: The Tierpark Hagenbeck is a zoo in Stellingen, Hamburg, Germany. The collection began in 1863 with animals that belonged to Carl Hagenbeck Sr., a fishmonger who became an amateur animal collector. The park itself was founded by Carl Hagenbeck Jr. in 1907. It is known for being the first zoo to use open enclosures surrounded by moats, rather than barred cages, to better approximate animals' natural environments.
context_section_description: In the 1890s Hagenbeck created his first "panorama" exhibit and patented the idea in 1896.  The display was the "Northern Panorama", the foreground featured seals and walruses in a pool. Hidden from the zoo's patrons was a moat behind the pool.  Beyond the moat were reindeer, and beyond a second hidden moat were polar bears.  By hiding the moats, the animals appeared to be together in one landscape.
  In 1907, Hagenbeck constructed a new facility outside of Hamburg which he called Tierpark Hagenbeck (without the 'H' that was in Thierpark) which is still the location of the facility today. Hagenbeck sought to design the entire zoo with his panorama system.  He also sought to demonstrate that animals from warmer climates did not need to live in expensive, humid, foreboding buildings. Instead, Hagenbeck again sought to make his displays realistic.
  Using data that he had compiled running his circus, Hagenbeck had estimates of how high and far different animals could leap. Using this data, he built moats filled with water or an empty pit that he determined the animals could not cross.  Using moats to separate animals that did not swim, one could look across an expanse of the zoo and see many animals at once, as if in the wild.  Previously, zoos had not grouped animals by species, but Hagenbeck revolutionized the layout of zoos, grouping his animals by species. 
  Hagenbeck's design was a popular success.  In 1911, Hagenbeck designed the Rome Zoo in the same style.  In 1913, he designed the first monkey-rock exhibit, in this case an artificial crag with a 16-foot (4.9 m) moat. The rock was populated by around 200 hamadryas baboons.
  Hagenbeck called his design an animal paradise where "animals would live beside each other in harmony and where the fight for survival would be eliminated."
caption: Lions in Hagenbeck Zoo
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