page_title: Thirteen Buddhas
hierarchical_section_title: Thirteen Buddhas
caption_attribution_description: English: Exhibit in the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art, University of Oregon - Eugene, Oregon, USA.
context_page_description: The Thirteen Buddhas is a Japanese grouping of Buddhist deities, particularly in the Shingon sect of Buddhism. The deities are, in fact, not only Buddhas, but include bodhisattvas and Wisdom Kings. In Shingon services, lay followers recite a devotional mantra to each figure, though in Shingon practice, disciples will typically devote themselves to only one, depending on what the teacher assigns. Thus the chanting of the mantras of the Thirteen Buddhas are merely the basic practice of laypeople.
  The Thirteen Buddhas are also an important part of a traditional Japanese Buddhist funeral service, with each deity having a corresponding memorial service for the deceased. The thirteen in Japanese and Sanskrit and the corresponding date of their service after the death are:
  Fudō, 7th day
  Shaka, 14th day
  Monju, 21st day
  Fugen, 28th day
  Jizō, 35th day
  Miroku, 42nd day
  Yakushi, 49th day
  Kannon, 100th day
  Seishi, 1st anniversary
  Amida, 2nd anniversary
  Ashuku, 6th anniversary
  Dainichi, 12th anniversary
  Kokūzō, 32nd anniversary
context_section_description: The Thirteen Buddhas (十三仏, Jūsanbutsu) is a Japanese grouping of Buddhist deities, particularly in the Shingon sect of Buddhism. The deities are, in fact, not only Buddhas, but include bodhisattvas and Wisdom Kings. In Shingon services, lay followers recite a devotional mantra to each figure, though in Shingon practice, disciples will typically devote themselves to only one, depending on what the teacher assigns. Thus the chanting of the mantras of the Thirteen Buddhas are merely the basic practice of laypeople.
  The Thirteen Buddhas are also an important part of a traditional Japanese Buddhist funeral service, with each deity having a corresponding memorial service for the deceased. The thirteen in Japanese and Sanskrit and the corresponding date of their service after the death are:
  Fudō (Acala), 7th day
  Shaka (Sakyamuni), 14th day
  Monju (Manjushri), 21st day
  Fugen (Samantabhadra), 28th day
  Jizō (Ksitigarbha), 35th day
  Miroku (Maitreya), 42nd day
  Yakushi (Bhaisajyaguru), 49th day
  Kannon (Avalokitesvara), 100th day
  Seishi (Mahasthamaprapta), 1st anniversary
  Amida (Amitabha), 2nd anniversary
  Ashuku (Akshobhya), 6th anniversary
  Dainichi (Vairocana), 12th anniversary
  Kokūzō (Akasagarbha), 32nd anniversary
caption: Thirteen Buddhist Deities, Japan, Nambokucho-Muromachi period, c. 1336-1568
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