page_title: Polish–Bohemian War (1345–1348)
section_title: Background
hierarchical_section_title: Polish–Bohemian War (1345–1348) / Background
caption_attribution_description: English: Casimir the Great by Leopold Löffler
context_page_description: The Polish–Bohemian War or Polish–Czech War was fought between the Kingdom of Bohemia under John of Bohemia and the Kingdom of Poland under Casimir III the Great between 1345 and 1348. After fighting in Silesia and Lesser Poland, the Bohemian army advanced on Silesia and Lesser Poland in 1345, including on the Polish capital of Kraków. An armistice signed later that year held until 1348, when hostilities resumed. Although Poland had a slight military advantage, the war ended with the Treaty of Namysłów signed in November 1348. No territorial changes were made. The Poles renounced their claims to Silesia, and the Bohemians their claims to the Polish throne.
context_section_description: Kingdoms of Bohemia and Poland had fought over border territories before since at least 990; in 1327, John of Bohemia raided Silesia and Lesser Poland and reached the Polish capital of Kraków. Silesia, in particular, divided into numerous Duchies of Silesia following the fragmentation of Poland, was a target for Bohemian expansion. Polish King Casimir the Great already had acknowledged Bohemian control of Silesia in the 1335 Treaty of Trentschin. However, neither Poland nor Bohemia was satisfied with the status quo, and every few years the border would shift due to diplomatic negotiations or small military escapades.
caption: Casimir the Great by Leopold Löffler
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