page_title: Crook County, Oregon
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Crook County, Oregon / History
caption_attribution_description: English: This photo, circa 1900, depicts an early logging scene in the Ochoco Mountains, Crook County, Oregon. Included in the digital exhibit, Ponderosa Pine Capital of the World http://ponderosapinecapital.org
context_page_description: Crook County is a county in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 20,978. The county seat is Prineville. The county is named after George Crook, a U.S. Army officer who served in the American Civil War and various Indian Wars.
  Crook County comprises the Prineville, OR Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Bend--Prineville, OR Combined Statistical Area.
context_section_description: Crook County was established on October 9, 1882, by an act of the Oregon State Legislature. The county was named after General George Crook, a veteran of various battles against the indigenous peoples of Eastern Oregon in the middle of the 19th century. The county was formed from territory formerly part of Wasco County, including the hilly region where the foothills of the Blue Mountains intersect the Cascade Mountain Range.
  Access into the region at first was difficult, which discouraged settlement. The first effort to develop routes into the area was in 1862 when a supply train with cattle crossed the Scott Trail. This was also the first group of non-natives to spend the winter in central Oregon. The discovery and development of the Santiam Pass in the 1860s improved access into the area.
  Prineville, incorporated in 1880 and then the only incorporated town in the county, was established as the county seat. This decision confirmed by the voters in the 1884 general election.
  From the start cattle ranching has been one of the primary industries of the county, with huge herds grazing the countryside from the 1880s. Farming was also developed in certain valley regions friendly to agriculture.
  Logging in the Ochoco Mountains and the timber mills that accompanied also greatly contributed to the economic and population growth of the county. The first recorded mention of a sawmill was made by George Barnes, speaking about the Swartz sawmill on Mill Creek, circa 1867.
caption: Logging in the Ochoco Mountains, circa 1900
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