page_title: Fernando Miranda y Casellas
hierarchical_section_title: Fernando Miranda y Casellas
caption_attribution_description: English: Fernando Miranda (1842-1925) in his studio with his model for The Spirit of Research, circa 1897, Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. The Spirit of Research was installed in the courtyard of the Boston Public Library in 1898.
context_page_description: Fernando Miranda y Casellas was a Spanish-American sculptor, architectural sculptor and illustrator.
  He was born in Valencia, Spain, the son of an illustrator of the same name, and studied under sculptor José Piquer II. He moved to the United States prior to the 1876 Centennial Exposition, and settled in New York City. For several years he worked as an illustrator for the Spanish-language magazine La Ilustración Española y Americana, and contributed to Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper.
  In 1878, he designed a 30-foot monument honoring Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes to be erected in Central Park. The project was eventually abandoned due to lack of funding, but Miranda's Bust of Cervantes stood in the park for more than a quarter-century.
  He designed a 100-foot diameter fountain honoring Christopher Columbus to be erected in Central Park along 5th Avenue, but sculptor Gaetano Russo's Columbus Monument already was planned for nearby Columbus Circle. Alternate sites for the fountain were proposed at Battery Park and Harlem, but this project also was abandoned.
context_section_description: Fernando Miranda y Casellas (1842 – May 9, 1925) was a Spanish-American sculptor, architectural sculptor and illustrator.
  He was born in Valencia, Spain, the son of an illustrator of the same name, and studied under sculptor José Piquer II. He moved to the United States prior to the 1876 Centennial Exposition, and settled in New York City. For several years he worked as an illustrator for the Spanish-language magazine La Ilustración Española y Americana, and contributed to Frank Leslie's Illustrated Newspaper.
  In 1878, he designed a 30-foot monument honoring Spanish author Miguel de Cervantes to be erected in Central Park. The project was eventually abandoned due to lack of funding, but Miranda's Bust of Cervantes stood in the park for more than a quarter-century.
  He designed a 100-foot diameter fountain honoring Christopher Columbus to be erected in Central Park along 5th Avenue, but sculptor Gaetano Russo's Columbus Monument already was planned for nearby Columbus Circle. Alternate sites for the fountain were proposed at Battery Park and Harlem, but this project also was abandoned. Instead of an original work by Miranda, Central Park commissioned a copy of sculptor Jeronimo Suñol's Columbus statue in Madrid, which was dedicated in 1894.
  Following the Boston Public Library's notorious 1896 rejection of Frederick William MacMonnies's nude sculpture Bacchante and Infant Faun, Miranda prepared a replacement work for the courtyard's fountain. The Spirit of Research was a sober figure of a gowned woman lifting a veil—a metaphor for education. It was installed at the center of the fountain in 1898, but removed by the 1920s. A copy of MacMonnies's statue was restored to the fountain in 1993.
  He was a member of the National Sculpture Society, and served as first president of the American Sculpture Society.
  King Alfonso XIII of Spain made him a Knight in 1890.
caption: Fernando Miranda in his studio with his model of The Spirit of Research (c. 1897). His Bust of Columbus is at far right.
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