page_title: Daniel-Johnson dam
section_title: Powerhouses
hierarchical_section_title: Daniel-Johnson dam / Facilities / Powerhouses
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: Vue de la rivière Manicouagan, prise du sommet du barrage Daniel-Johnson, situé à 214 km au nord de la ville de Baie-Comeau, Québec. La centrale Manic-5 (1592 MW) est située à gauche, alors que la centrale souterraine Manic-5-PA (1064 MW) est située sur l'autre rive de la rivière Manicouagan. Au centre, le centre d'accueil du complexe et le pont de la route 389. English: Overview of the Manicouagan River, taken from the top of the Daniel-Johnson Dam, located 214 km north of Baie-Comeau, Quebec. The Manic-5 generating station (1596 MW, on the left), while the underground Manic-5-PA (1064 MW) is located on the other side of the Manicouagan river. Center, the visitors' center and the Route 389 bridge.
context_page_description: The Daniel-Johnson dam, formerly known as Manic-5, is a multiple-arch buttress dam on the Manicouagan River that creates the annular Manicouagan Reservoir. The dam is composed of 14 buttresses and 13 arches and is 214 km north of Baie-Comeau in Quebec, Canada. The dam was constructed between 1959 and 1970 for the purpose of hydroelectric power production and supplies water to the Manic-5 and Manic-5-PA power houses with a combined capacity of 2,660 MW. The dam is 214 m tall, 1,314 m long and contains 2,200,000 m³ of concrete, making it the largest dam of its type in the world.
  The dam was named after Daniel Johnson, Sr., the 20th Premier of Quebec, who was responsible for starting the project while serving as a minister in Duplessis's government. Johnson died on 26 September 1968, on the day he was to preside over the scheduled inauguration of the dam. The facility is owned and operated by Hydro-Québec.
context_section_description: The dam fuels two powerhouses, the Manic-5 and Manic-5-PA. The first powerhouse consists of eight Francis turbines, capable of producing up to 1,596 MW of power, which went online in 1970. The second powerhouse, the Manic-5-PA (PA stands for puissance additionnelle or additional power), was commissioned in 1989, and consists of four Francis turbines of 1,064 MW in total installed capacity.
  The designers of the Manic-5 decided on an above ground power house that was downstream of the dam for safety and cost. The intake was built on the east side of the dam and supplies two 3,400 ft (1,000 m), long 36 ft (11 m) diameter concrete-lined penstocks (tunnels). Just before reaching the power house and its eight turbines, each penstock splits into four branches. The power house is about 2,500 ft (760 m) downstream of the dam and utilizes two surge tanks for sudden rises in water pressure from the two penstocks. Each surge tank has an 80 ft (24 m) diameter expansion chamber and is about 40 ft (12 m) higher than the actual dam structure. The surge tanks protect the penstocks and turbines from water hammer which would occur if the turbine gates were quickly closed and water pressure suddenly increases.
caption: The Manic-5 powerhouse (left) and Manic-5-PA exit canal (right), as seen from the crest of the dam.
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