page_title: Troxler's fading
section_title: Visual parallels
hierarchical_section_title: Troxler's fading / Process / Visual parallels
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Troxler-Effekt anhand eines Gaußschen Farbrauschens. Beim Betrachten des voll aufgelösten Bildes aus geringer Entfernung verschwinden nach einigen Sekunden die Farbunterschiede im Bild.English: Troxler effect with Gaussian colour noise. When viewing the picture in full resolution from a close distance the colour differences will disappear after a few seconds.
context_page_description: Troxler's fading, or Troxler fading, or the Troxler effect, is an optical illusion affecting visual perception. When one fixates on a particular point for even a short period of time, an unchanging stimulus away from the fixation point will fade away and disappear. Recent research suggests that at least some portion of the perceptual phenomena associated with Troxler's fading occurs in the brain.
context_section_description: A similar 'sensory fading,' or filling-in, can be seen of a fixated stimulus when its retinal image is made stationary on the retina (a stabilized retinal image). Stabilization can be done in at least three ways.
  First, one can mount a tiny projector on a contact lens. The projector shines an image into the eye. As the eye moves, the contact lens moves with it, so the image is always projected onto the same part of the retina;
  Second, one can monitor eye movements and move the stimulus to cancel the eye movements;
  Third, one can induce an afterimage, usually by an intense, brief flash, such as when one is photographed using a photographic flash (a form of stabilized retinal image that most people have experienced). This causes an image to be bleached onto the retina by the strong response of the rods and cones. In all these cases, the stimulus fades away after a short time and disappears.
  The Troxler effect is enhanced if the stimulus is small, is of low contrast (or "equiluminant"), or is blurred. The effect is enhanced the further the stimulus is away from the fixation point.
caption: The neural adaptation effect of Troxler's fading can be experienced by looking at the cross from a short distance without moving the eyes. After a few seconds, the colors seem to vanish. [Click on image to enlarge]
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