page_title: Zemsky Sobor of 1613
section_title: Other versions
hierarchical_section_title: Zemsky Sobor of 1613 / Course of the meetings / Other versions
caption_attribution_description: Утвержденная грамота Земского собора об избрании царя Михаила Федоровича. Москва, май 1613 года. ММК. Была написана в 2 экз. в виде свитков, заверены подписями более 230 участников собора (на оборотной стороне) и печатями духовенства. В настоящий момент один из них состоит из 9 листов, на фото - 1-й лист.
context_page_description: The Zemsky Sobor of 1613 was a meeting of representatives of various lands and estates of the Russian State, held for the election of a new king to the throne. It was opened on January 16, 1613 in the Assumption Cathedral of the Moscow Kremlin. On March 3, 1613, the Sobor elected Mikhail Romanov to the kingdom, laying the foundation for a new dynasty.
context_section_description: According to some historians, the decision of the Sobor was not completely voluntary. The first vote on the candidacy of Michael took place on February 4 (or 7). The result of the vote deceived Sheremetev's expectations:
  "When the majority was sufficiently prepared by Sheremetev's concerns, a preliminary vote was appointed on February 4. The result undoubtedly deceived expectations, therefore, referring to the absence of many voters, they decided to decisively vote postponed for two weeks... The leaders themselves obviously needed a respite in order to better prepare public opinion"... (Kazimir Valishevsky)
  Indeed, a decisive vote was set for March 3, 1613. The Sobor, however, made another decision that was not pleasing to Sheremetev: it demanded that Mikhail Romanov, like all other candidates, immediately appear at the Sobor. Sheremetev in every possible way impeded the implementation of this decision, motivating his position with security considerations. Indeed, some evidence indicates that the life of the candidate for the throne was in jeopardy. According to legend, a special detachment of the troops of the Commonwealth was sent to the village of Domnino, where Mikhail Fedorovich was hiding, to kill him, however, the Domnian peasant Ivan Susanin saved the life of the future king. Critics of the official version offer another explanation:
  "Deprived of all education among the turbulent events surrounding his childhood and early youth, probably not being able to read or write, Mikhail could have spoiled everything by appearing in front of the Sobor" (Kazimir Valishevsky)
  The Sobor continued to insist, but later (tentatively February 17–18) changed the decision, allowing Mikhail Romanov to stay in Kostroma. And on March 3, 1613, it elected Romanov to the kingdom.
caption: The approved letter of Zemsky Sobor on the election of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich. Moscow, May 1613. Museum of the Moscow Kremlin. It was written in 2 copies in the form of scrolls, certified by the signatures of more than 230 participants of the Sobor (on the back) and seals of the clergy. At the moment, one of them consists of 9 sheets, in the photo – the 1st sheet
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