page_title: Rubin Design Bureau
section_title: Market economy
hierarchical_section_title: Rubin Design Bureau / Present day / Market economy
context_page_description: Rubin Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering in Saint Petersburg is one of three main Russian centers of submarine design, and the other two are Malakhit Marine Engineering Bureau and Lazurit Central Design Bureau. Rubin is the largest among the three Soviet/Russian submarine designer centers, having designed more than two-thirds of all nuclear submarines in the Russian Navy. "Rubin" is the Russian word for ruby.
context_section_description: Since the advent of Perestroika, Rubin has continued to produce nuclear submarines with such projects as the construction of the fourth-generation ballistic missile Borey class, also known as the Dolgorukiy class, which started in 1996 . Rubin now also works with outside companies (including Halliburton) on the production of oil platforms that are now used in drilling around Sakhalin Island in the Sea of Okhotsk and in the waters adjacent to South Korea.
  Another of the company's important projects of recent years is Sea Launch, a unique spacecraft launch technology. With marine components produced by Rubin, Sea Launch uses a specially-modified floating oil platform positioned in the equatorial Pacific Ocean, as a launch pad. In 1999, shortly after the company was founded, the Sea Launch consortium claimed that their launch-related operating costs would be lower than a land-based equivalent due in part to reduced staff requirements. The platform and command ship have 310 crew members.
  Rubin has also developed such exotic projects as a Submarine Cargo Vessel that can operate year-round in the Arctic Ocean and a Nuclear Underwater Gas Transfer Station for trans-ocean natural gas pipeline transport.
  Other recent projects include a high-speed train, the ES-250 Sokol , intended for the Moscow-St. Petersburg Railway, and a design for a low-floor tram .
  As a joint project with the Italian shipbuilding company Fincantieri, Rubin is developing a new diesel air-independent propulsion submarine, the S1000, based on a new fuel cell air independent propulsion system developed in Italy. Its length is 56.2 metres and its displacement is 1,000 tonnes. A mock-up was exhibited at Euronaval 2006.
caption: Sea Launch launch platform Ocean Odyssey in its former home port at Long Beach, California
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