page_title: Brickwork
section_title: English cross bond
hierarchical_section_title: Brickwork / Load-bearing bonds / One stretching course per heading course / English cross bond
caption_attribution_description: English: Linacre College Oxford, south west face of the old building.
context_page_description: Brickwork is masonry produced by a bricklayer, using bricks and mortar. Typically, rows of bricks called courses are laid on top of one another to build up a structure such as a brick wall.
  Bricks may be differentiated from blocks by size. For example, in the UK a brick is defined as a unit having dimensions less than 337.5x225x112.5mm and a block is defined as a unit having one or more dimensions greater than the largest possible brick.
  Brick is a popular medium for constructing buildings, and examples of brickwork are found through history as far back as the Bronze Age. The fired-brick faces of the ziggurat of ancient Dur-Kurigalzu in Iraq date from around 1400 BC, and the brick buildings of ancient Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan were built around 2600 BC. Much older examples of brickwork made with dried bricks may be found in such ancient locations as Jericho in Judea, Çatal Höyük in Anatolia, and Mehrgarh in Pakistan. These structures have survived from the Stone Age to the present day.
  Brick dimensions are expressed in construction or technical documents in two ways as co-ordinating dimensions and working dimensions.
context_section_description: This bond also has alternating stretching and heading  courses.  However, whilst the heading courses are identical with those found in the standard English bond, the stretching courses alternate between a course composed entirely of stretchers, and a course composed of stretchers half off-set relative to the stretchers two courses above or below, by reason of a header placed just before the quoins at either end. The bond is widely found in Northern France, Belgium and the Netherlands.
  Large areas of English cross bond can appear to have a twill like characteristic, an effect caused by the unbroken series of perpends moving diagonally down the bond.
caption: Dutch Bond, Linacre College, Oxford.
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