page_title: Mark Antony
section_title: Marriages and issue
hierarchical_section_title: Mark Antony / Marriages and issue
caption_attribution_description: English: Ancient Greek coins in the Altes Museum Berlin
context_page_description: Marcus Antonius, commonly known in English as Mark Antony or Anthony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.
  Antony was a supporter of Julius Caesar, and served as one of his generals during the conquest of Gaul and the Civil War. Antony was appointed administrator of Italy while Caesar eliminated political opponents in Greece, North Africa, and Spain. After Caesar's death in 44 BC, Antony joined forces with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, another of Caesar's generals, and Octavian, Caesar's great-nephew and adopted son, forming a three-man dictatorship known to historians as the Second Triumvirate. The Triumvirs defeated Caesar's murderers, the Liberatores, at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC, and divided the government of the Republic between themselves. Antony was assigned Rome's eastern provinces, including the client kingdom of Egypt, then ruled by Cleopatra VII Philopator, and was given the command in Rome's war against Parthia.
  Relations among the triumvirs were strained as the various members sought greater political power.
context_section_description: Antony was known to have an obsession with women, and sex. He had many mistresses (including Cytheris) and had been married in succession to Fadia, Antonia, Fulvia, Octavia and Cleopatra, and left behind him a number of children. Through his daughters by Octavia, he would be ancestor to the Roman Emperors Caligula, Claudius and Nero.
  Marriage to Fadia, a daughter of a freedman. According to Cicero, Fadia bore Antony several children. Nothing is known about Fadia or their children. Cicero is the only Roman source that mentions Antony's first wife.
  Marriage to first paternal cousin Antonia Hybrida Minor. According to Plutarch, Antony threw her out of his house in Rome because she slept with his friend, the tribune Publius Cornelius Dolabella. This occurred by 47 BC and Antony divorced her. By Antonia, he had a daughter:
  Antonia, granddaughter of Gaius Antonius Hybrida, married the wealthy Greek Pythodoros of Tralles.
  Marriage to Fulvia, by whom he had two sons:
  Marcus Antonius Antyllus, murdered by Octavian in 30 BC.
  Iullus Antonius, married Claudia Marcella Major, daughter of Octavia.
  Marriage to Octavia the Younger, sister of Octavian, later Emperor Augustus; they had two daughters:
  Antonia Major (also known as Julia Antonia Major), married Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus (consul 16 BC); maternal grandmother of the Empress Valeria Messalina and paternal grandmother of the Emperor Nero.
  Antonia Minor (also known Julia Antonia Minor), married Nero Claudius Drusus, the younger son of the Empress Livia Drusilla and brother of the Emperor Tiberius; mother of the Emperor Claudius, paternal grandmother of the Emperor Caligula and Empress Agrippina the Younger, and maternal great-grandmother of the emperor Nero.
  Children with the Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt, the former lover of Julius Caesar:
  Alexander Helios
  Cleopatra Selene II, married King Juba II of Numidia and later Mauretania; the queen of Syria, Zenobia of Palmyra, was reportedly descended from Selene and Juba II.
  Ptolemy Philadelphus.
caption: A tetradrachm of Marcus Antonius and Cleopatra VII of Ptolemaic Egypt
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