page_title: Demographic transition
section_title: Historical studies
hierarchical_section_title: Demographic transition / Historical studies
caption_attribution_description: English: Demographic change in Germany, Sweden, Chile, Mauritius, China from 1820 to 2010.Pink line: crude death rate (CDR), green line: (crude) birth rate (CBR), yellow line: populationFrançais&#160;: Transition démographique en Allemagne, en Suède, au Chili, à Maurice, en Chine, de 1820 à 2010.Ligne rose&#160;: taux brut de mortalité, ligne verte&#160;: taux brut de natalité, ligne jaune&#160;: population
context_page_description: In demography, demographic transition is a phenomenon and theory which refers to the historical shift from high birth rates and high infant death rates in societies with minimal technology, education and economic development, to low birth rates and low death rates in societies with advanced technology, education and economic development, as well as the stages between these two scenarios. Although this shift has occurred in many industrialized countries, the theory and model are frequently imprecise when applied to individual countries due to specific social, political and economic factors affecting particular populations.
  However, the existence of some kind of demographic transition is widely accepted in the social sciences because of the well-established historical correlation linking dropping fertility to social and economic development. Scholars debate whether industrialization and higher incomes lead to lower population, or whether lower populations lead to industrialization and higher incomes.
caption: Demographic change in Germany, Sweden, Chile, Mauritius, China from 1820 to 2010.
  Pink line: crude death rate (CDR), green line: (crude) birth rate (CBR), yellow line: population.
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