page_title: Environmental movement in Australia
section_title: Response to endangered species
hierarchical_section_title: Environmental movement in Australia / History / Response to endangered species
caption_attribution_description: English: This iconic image of a bagged thylacine featuring Mr. Weaver in a studio portrait is repeatedly published yet it is not attributed. It may have been taken by Victor Prout who sojourned briefly in Tasmania in the late 1860s but is known and praised for his excellent panoramas of Sydney Harbour by contemporary photohistorians. Nederlands: Dit iconische beeld van een gedode Tasmaanse buidelwolf met de heer Weaver in een studioportret. De foto is herhaaldelijk gepubliceerd, maar aan niemand toegeschreven. Het kan genomen zijn door Victor Prout die kort in Tasmanië verbleef in de late jaren 1860, maar door hedendaagse fotohistorici gekend en geprezen is voor zijn uitstekende panorama's van de haven van Sydney.
context_page_description: Beginning as a conservation movement, the environmental movement in Australia was the first in the world to become a political movement. Australia was home to the world's first Green party.
  The normal environmental movement is represented by a wide range of groups sometimes called non-governmental organizations. These exist on local, national, and international scales. Environmental NGOs vary widely in political views and in the amount they seek to influence environmental policy in Australia and elsewhere. The environmental movement today consists of both large national groups and also many smaller local groups with local concerns. There are also 5,000 Landcare groups in the six states and two mainland territories.
  In Australia, the movement has seen a growth in popularity through prominent Australian environmentalists such as Bob Brown, Peter Garrett, Steve Irwin, Tim Flannery, and David Fleay.
context_section_description: In 1908 the Victorian Naturalists Society and the Wilsons Promontory management committee were involved in advocating for the preservation of the thylacine, a species being hunted to extinction in Tasmania.  Members of that group went on to establish Healesville Sanctuary.
  The environmental movement became mainstream with public outcry following extensive culling of koalas.  Between 1915 and 1927, nearly 4 million koalas were killed, with the largest cullings occurring in Queensland. By 1924 koalas had officially become extinct in South Australia and endangered elsewhere.  In response to the threat of extinction, Lone Pine Koala Sanctuary was opened.
  Native fauna advisory committees began to be established to address the concern of rapidly dwindling populations of a number of mammal species.  In 1928, the Tasmanian Advisory Committee for Native Fauna had recommended a reserve to protect any remaining thylacines, with potential sites of suitable habitat including the Arthur-Pieman area of western Tasmania.  This was also the beginning of a Tasmanian wilderness movement.
  While the movement was too little, too late to save the thylacine from extinction, with the last thylacine dying in captivity in 1936, other species were saved with official protection orders.  The koala was declared a protected species in all states in 1937.  The Tasmanian devil, another iconic species hunted to the brink of extinction, was protected in 1941.
caption: The thylacine, hunted to extinction in the wild by 1930, sparked public concern for other Australian mammals.
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