page_title: Joaquín Manglano y Cucaló de Montull
section_title: Civil War: turbulent unificado (1936-1939)
hierarchical_section_title: Joaquín Manglano y Cucaló de Montull / Civil War: turbulent unificado (1936-1939)
caption_attribution_description: Español: Título original: Recibimiento a las tropas del bando nacional (4/34) Localización: San Sebastián (Guipúzcoa)
context_page_description: Joaquín Manglano y Cucalón de Montull, Grandee of Spain, 15. Baron of Cárcer, 2. Baron of Beniomer, 18. Baron of Llaurí, 6. Count of Burgo de Laverazo, 2. Marquis of Altamira de la Puebla, 13. Baron of Alcahalí de San Juan y Mosquera was a Spanish entrepreneur, official, Catholic activist and politician. In terms of business he is known mostly as member of the Levantine economic oligarchy, in terms of officialdom as a Francoist mayor of Valencia and a longtime Cortes deputy, in terms of Catholic activity as president of Legión Católica Española and in terms of politics as a Carlist.
context_section_description: It is obscure whether Cárcer was engaged in the forthcoming coup. When it commenced he was in Irún, an aristocratic summer holiday location or an escape route to France. He soon found his way to Burgos, meeting Mola and offering own services. Outcome of the talks is not clear; it is known, however, that Cárcer's properties in Valencia and Madrid were searched, his brother detained and executed. There is scarce information on Cárcer's whereabouts during late 1936; one author claims he enlisted to Requeté. The most reliable information is that following Nationalist conquest of the city he returned to Irún, together with a number of Levantine Carlists setting up sort of regional Valencian Carlist executive on exile. The group focused on assistance to Levantine refugees and on editing a weekly Valencia. At that time he acted as „comisario carlista por Valencia”.
  Supporting the Nationalist army - most likely by financial donations - and remembered for his pro-military Cortes harangues, Cárcer went on well with the military. Member of the Carlist wartime executive, in early 1937 he advocated acceptance of amalgamation of Carlism into Falange Española Tradicionalista, though he refrained from taking part in last-minute attempt of internal coup within the party. In mid-1937 he transformed the exile Carlist Valencian organization into the FET one, the difference having been that it was based in San Sebastián. Some authors identify him merely as member of Secretaría Regional of FET, others claim that until early 1938 was co-heading the Valencian branch. Despite unification, Manglano stuck to his Traditionalist identity; he soon embarked on war against the Falangist old-shirts, competing with them for control of the Valencian FET.
  When in the spring of 1938 the Nationalist troops seized first comarcas of the Valencian region, rivalry to control its FET branch translated into rivalry for real power. With Castellón province fully controlled by May, in June Cárcer was appointed head of the provincial FET, one of 3 most important civil positions in every province. When speculating about his nomination scholars consider Francoist policy of keeping different political families in check by balancing their influence, Cárcer's good relations with Serrano Suñer or pressure on part of pro-Carlist Army of Levante commander, general Orgaz.
  Once appointed, Manglano embarked on all-out war against the Falangist old-shirts, trying to turn the province into a Carlist fiefdom. He denounced them as disguised Leftists, did his best to get the Falangist military unit, Bandera Valenciana, dissolved, and appointed Traditionalists to key positions in party and administrative structures. In later reports he was denounced as sabotaging unification, spending party money on Traditionalist propaganda and allowing Carlist youth to prowl the streets shouting “Viva el Rey”. However, the Falangists stroke back, complaining about his omnipresence. In October 1938 Cárcer travelled to Burgos to enhance his position, but the mission backfired. In January 1939 he was dismissed from the Castellón FET jefatura. Total personal reshuffling followed and the attempt to ensure Carlist domination in the province ended up in failure.
caption: Falange unit on parade
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