page_title: Cogswell's Battery Illinois Light Artillery
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Cogswell's Battery Illinois Light Artillery / History
caption_attribution_description: English: Battle of Nashville (15-16 Dec. 1864).
context_page_description: Cogswell's Battery Illinois Light Artillery was an artillery battery from Illinois that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Organized in November 1861 as Company A, 53rd Illinois Infantry Regiment, it was detached as an independent artillery battery in March 1862. The battery participated in the Siege of Corinth in May 1862. The unit remained near Memphis, Tennessee until June 1863 when it was ordered to reinforce the Siege of Vicksburg. Cogswell's Battery took part in the Jackson Expedition, the Missionary Ridge and in the Knoxville campaign in 1863. After performing garrison duty for most of 1864, the unit fought at Nashville in December. In spring 1865, the battery fought at Spanish Fort and Fort Blakeley during operations against Mobile, Alabama. The battery was mustered out in August 1865.
context_section_description: After arriving at Pittsburg Landing, Cogswell's Illinois Battery was attached to Lew Wallace's 3rd Division. The battery participated in the Siege of Corinth from 29 April to 30 May 1862. One private was killed while on duty at Gravel Ridge, Tennessee on 19 May during the siege. The unit marched to Memphis on 1–14 March and stayed there in garrison until November. It was part of James W. Denver's 5th Division. Cogswell's Battery took part in Ulysses S. Grant's Central Mississippi Campaign on 24 November–12 December 1862. The battery retreated to Grand Junction, Tennessee where it remained on 9 January–8 March 1863. Two privates were killed in a railroad accident at La Grange, Tennessee on 29 January 1863. The unit was at La Grange from March–June. Cogswell's Battery moved to Memphis on 4 June and from there to Vicksburg on 6–11 June. The battery participated in the Siege of Vicksburg in 11 June–4 July 1863. During the siege, the unit formed part of Artillery, William Sooy Smith's 1st Division, Cadwallader C. Washburn's XVI Corps. Captain Cogswell took charge of the division's four artillery batteries while Lieutenant Eddy commanded Cogswell's Battery. A monument to Cogswell's Battery Illinois Light Artillery is located at Vicksburg National Military Park. It is on Union Avenue, 0.1 mi (0.2 km) west of Grant Avenue.  
  After Vicksburg surrendered, the battery took part in the Jackson Expedition, advancing to Jackson, Mississippi on 5–10 July and besieging the place on 10–17 July. Cogswell's Battery guarded the Big Black River until 28 September 1863. On that date it moved first to Memphis, then took part in operations on the Memphis and Charleston Railroad in Alabama on 20–29 October. The unit served in the Chattanooga Campaign, fighting in the Battle of Missionary Ridge on 23–24 November 1863. Commanded by Captain Cogswell, the battery was assigned to Artillery, John E. Smith's 2nd Division, XVII Corps. The unit participated in the Knoxville campaign from 28 November to 8 December, marching to the relief of the Federal garrison of Knoxville, Tennessee. The battery was assigned to garrison duty in Alabama from December 1863 to April 1864. There were 106 recruits added to Cogswell's Battery. Most of these men arrived in January–March 1864, though some arrived earlier, and some arrived later. On 11 April 1864 at Huntsville, Alabama, a caisson accidentally exploded, killing four soldiers. Another man died the following day.    
   
  On 29 April 1864, Cogswell's Battery moved to Nashville, Tennessee to serve as part of its garrison until December. Sergeant William Burgess was promoted second lieutenant on 25 June 1864. First Lieutenant Eddy was mustered out on 20 November 1864 and Second Lieutenant McClary was promoted to first lieutenant on the same date. Captain Cogswell mustered out on 8 December and First Lieutenant Elting was promoted captain on the same date. Many of the original enlisted men mustered out in November and December 1864, though others re-enlisted. In August 1864 while at Nashville, the battery reported having the following 3.80-inch ammunition: 170 Hotchkiss common shell, 149 Hotchkiss canister shot, 31 James solid shot, 247 James common shell, and 109 James canister shot. There were 752 James rifle cartridge bags, 740 friction primers, and 12 portfires.  
  The battery fought at the Battle of Nashville on 15–16 December 1864 under the command of Lieutenant McClary. It was assigned to William L. McMillen's 1st Brigade, John McArthur's 1st Division, Andrew Jackson Smith's Army of the Tennessee Detachment. On the first day, A. J. Smith's troops, with James H. Wilson's cavalry on their right, successfully assaulted the left flank of John Bell Hood's Confederate defenses. Shelling from Cogswell's battery, the 2nd Iowa Battery, and the fire of skirmishers combined to silence the Confederate guns in Redoubt Five, the first fort assaulted on the left flank of the defenses, within an hour of opening fire soon after 13:00 on 15 December. Once the guns were silenced, Redoubts Five and Four were quickly taken by McMillen'
caption: Maps show the Battle of Nashville on Dec. 15 (left) and Dec. 16 (right).
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