page_title: Formosan rock macaque
section_title: Life and behavior
hierarchical_section_title: Formosan rock macaque / Life and behavior
caption_attribution_description: Formosan Rock Monkeys in the Alishan area
context_page_description: The Formosan rock macaque, Formosan rock monkey, or Taiwanese macaque, is a macaque endemic to the island of Taiwan, which has also been introduced to Japan. Besides humans, Formosan rock macaques are the only native primates living in Taiwan. The species was first described by Robert Swinhoe in 1862.
context_section_description: Among the 22 species of the genus Macaca that are found in southern and eastern Asia as well as northwestern Africa, the Formosan macaque is endemic to the island of Taiwan (area: 36,000 km²).
  Formosan rock macaques live in mixed coniferous-hardwood temperate forest, as well as bamboo and grassland at 100-3600m (328-11,812 ft). The social structure of macaques is generally characterized as often occurring as a large stable multimale-multifemale troop. Formosan macaque is considered to be female-bonded which is similar to other species in the genus Macaca. Based on the study of Hsu and Lin, the average overall sex ratio was approximately 1:1, and the average adult sex ratio was close to 0.53.  Solitary adult males accounted for 5% of the entire population, and they were seen interacting with social troops especially during mating season.
  Rock macaques are diurnal, arboreal, and terrestrial. More often they stay in trees and less so on the ground. They rest in forest and forage in grassland.  Their diet consists of fruits, tender leaves, buds, grass stems, insects, snails, and bird eggs.
caption: Formosan rock macaques
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