page_title: 1556
section_title: Births
hierarchical_section_title: 1556 / Births
caption_attribution_description: Head turned to the right. Wearing rich clothes, embroidered with gold stitching. Around her neck and her head she wears expensive jewelry. Possibly the jewelry that she's received as a gift when she married Philip of Hohenlohe. The face is accurate and corresponds to the only other known portrait of her, which is located in the orphanage at Buren.
context_page_description: Year 1556 was a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar.
context_section_description: January 8 – Uesugi Kagekatsu, Japanese samurai and warlord (d. 1623)
  January 24 – Christian Barnekow, Danish noble, explorer and diplomat (d. 1612)
  February 4 – Dorothea of Hanau-Münzenberg, German noblewoman (d. 1638)
  February 7 – Countess Maria of Nassau (d. 1616)
  February 16 – Tōdō Takatora, Japanese daimyō (d. 1630)
  February 21 – Sethus Calvisius, German calendar reformer (d. 1615)
  March 7 – Guillaume du Vair, French statesman and philosopher (d. 1621)
  March 13 – Dirck van Os, Dutch merchant (d. 1615)
  April 8 – David Hoeschel, German librarian (d. 1617)
  April 9 – Andreas von Auersperg, Carniolan noble and military commander in the battle of Sisak (d. 1593)
  April 27 – François Béroalde de Verville, French writer (d. 1626)
  May 31 – Jerzy Radziwiłł, Polish Catholic cardinal (d. 1600)
  June 6 – Edward la Zouche, 11th Baron Zouche, English politician and diplomat (d. 1625)
  June 13 – Pomponio Nenna, Italian composer (d. 1608)
  June 24
  Victoria of Valois, French princess (d. 1556)
  Joan of Valois, French princess (d. 1556)
  July 9 – Elizabeth Finch, 1st Countess of Winchilsea, English countess (d. 1634)
  July 22 – Otto Henry, Count Palatine of Sulzbach (d. 1604)
  July 26 – James Melville, Scottish divine and reformer (d. 1614)
  August 10 – Philipp Nicolai, German Lutheran pastor (d. 1608)
  August 16 – Bartolomeo Cesi, Italian painter (d. 1629)
  August 17 – Alexander Briant, English Jesuit martyr (d. 1581)
  September 21 – William Harris, English knight (d. 1616)
  October 18
  Charles I, Duke of Elbeuf, French duke and nobleman (d. 1605)
  John Dormer, Member of Parliament (d. 1626)
  October 24 – Giovanni Battista Caccini, Italian artist (d. 1613)
  October 26 – Ahmad Baba al Massufi, Malian academic (d. 1627)
  November 15 – Jacques Davy Duperron, French cardinal (d. 1618)
  November 28 – Francesco Contarini, Doge of Venice (d. 1624)
  December 5 – Anne Cecil, Countess of Oxford, English countess (d. 1588)
  December 17 – Abdul Rahim Khan-I-Khana, Indian composer (d. 1627)
  December 27 – Jeanne de Lestonnac, French saint (d. 1640)
  date unknown
  Margaret Clitherow, English Catholic martyr (d. 1586)
  Shibata Katsutoyo, Japanese military commander (d. 1583)
  Ahmad Baba al Massufi, Sudanese writer and political leader (d. 1627)
caption: Countess Maria of Nassau
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