page_title: Gheorghe Alexianu
section_title: Transnistria Governorate
hierarchical_section_title: Gheorghe Alexianu / Biography / Transnistria Governorate
caption_attribution_description: Română: Raport din 1942, prin care Jandarmeria Română comunică totalul romilor deportaţi în Transnistria de către regimul Antonescu. Inspectoratul General al Jandarmeriei Serviciul Jandarmeriei Secţia III-a SITUAŢIE-NUMERICA privitoare la evacuarea ţiganilor nomazi şi nenomazi în Transnistria. 1) Tigani nomazi evacuaţi între 1 Iunie şi 15 August 1942&#160;: Bărbaţi.....................2.352 Femei.......................2.375 Copii.........................6.714 ---------------- Total=11.441 2) Tigani nenomazi (stabili) nemobilisabili şi periculoşi ordinei publice, evacuaţi cu trenurile de evacuare între 12-20 Sept.1942&#160;: Bărbaţi.....................3.187 Femei.......................3.780 Copii.........................6.209 ---------------- Total=13.176 Au mai fost evacuaţi ulterior cu aprobări speciale, fiind infractori eliberaţi din închisori: Bărbaţi.....................22 Femei.......................17 Copii.........................30 ---------------- Total=69 Total general ţigani nomazi şi nenomazi....24.686 English: 1942 report through which the Romanian Gendarmerie communicates the total number of Romani people deported into Transnistria by the Antonescu regime. General Inspectorate of the Gendarmerie Gendarmerie Service IIIrd Section NUMERICAL SITUATION concerning the eviction of nomadic and non-nomadic Gypsies into Transnistria. 1) Nomadic Gypsies evicted between 1 June and 15 August 1942&#160;: Men.........................2,352 Women...................2,375 Children..................6,714 ---------------- Total=11,441 2) Non-nomadic (sedentary) Gypsies not subject to the draft and dangerous for public order, evicted by eviction trains between 12-20 Sept.1942&#160;: Men.........................3,187 Women...................3,780 Children..................6,209 ---------------- Total=13,176 Later evicted on the basis of special approvals, as criminals set free from prisons: Men.........................22 Women...................17 Children..................30 ---------------- Total=69 General total for nomadic and non-nomadic Gypsies....24,686
context_page_description: Gheorghe Alexianu was a lawyer, high school teacher and associate professor who served as governor of Transnistria between 1941 and 1944. In 1946, he was accused and convicted of war crimes, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity; he was sentenced to death by the People's Court and was executed on June 1, 1946 by shooting.
context_section_description: On August 19 1941, Alexianu was appointed by Ion Antonescu as governor of Transnistria. In this position, Alexianu was an "ex officio" member of the Council of Ministers.
  On June 19, 1941, he attended the meeting of the Antonescu Government when it was decided to declare war on the Soviet Union.
  Following a bomb attack launched on the evening of October 22, 1941 by Soviet partisans against the Romanian Army located in Odessa, Alexianu, as a government representative, ordered and supervised the retaliation and massacre of November 1941:
  As governor of Transnistria, Alexianu organized ghettos and concentration camps to place the deported Romanian and Ukrainian Jews and 25,000 Gypsies. He ordered endless marches in which Jews and Romas (including women, elders and even children) were forced to walk through the huge frozen steps, leaving behind rows of corpses; He enforced compulsory work for every "undesirable". By Ordinance no. 35 of January 2, 1942 Alexianu ordered the deportation of all Jews from Odessa to the Berezivka region, where they were massacred.
  According to the historian Raul Hilberg, Antonescu's orders required German interventions:  "There were situations in which the Germans would intervene to restrict and slowdown the Romanian measures. At that time, the Romanians were moving too fast for the German bureaucracy." .
  About half of the 25,000 Roma deported to Transnistria were killed.
  Alexianu administratively divided the occupied territories of Transnistria into counties, demanded the sending of a Romanian Orthodox Mission to this territory and re-established churches that have been previously transformed into grain depots or cattle stables by the soviet authorities. On December 7, 1941, on Alexianu's initiative, a University in Odessa was reorganized and reopened in place of the old University that had been evacuated to the east during the war by the Soviet authorities.
  Although in Transnistria the majority population was Ukrainian, during Alexianu's administration, priority was given to Romanian schools. There were then 57 high schools (26 Romanian, 13 Ukrainian, 18 Russian), of which 34 practical high schools (5 Romanian, 13 Ukrainian, 16 Russian) and 23 theoretical-practical high schools (21 Romanian and two Russian).
  On January 26, 1944, Gheorghe Alexianu was replaced as governor of Transnistria by General Gheorghe Potopeanu.
  On February 5, 1944, the new University of Odessa awarded Alexianu the title of "doctor honoris causa", "as a gratitude of the support given to higher education in Odessa during his administration." On this occasion, the University of Odessa assumed municipal positions and granted Alexianu a municipal title: "In the behalf of the University of Odessa, we, the Faculty Council, unanimously declare you Honorary Citizen of Odessa".
caption: Gendarmerie Report - Deportation of Gypsees in Transnistria
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