page_title: Bashkirs
section_title: The establishment of the Republic of Bashkortostan
hierarchical_section_title: Bashkirs / History / The establishment of the Republic of Bashkortostan
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Am Baschkiren-Gedenkstein in Leipzig: Teilnehmer in Uniformen von 1812, Burkhard Jung, der Oberbürgermeister von Leipzig, und die Delegation Russlands. Aus dem Archiv des РОО ВИК 1. Baschkirisches Kavallerie-Regiment Lyubizar der Republik Baschkortostan. Русский: У памятника башкирским воинам, участникам Отечественной войны 1812 года бургомистр г. Лейпцига и делегация России. Из архива РОО ВИК "1-й башкирский конный полк - "Любизар" Республики Башкортостан
context_page_description: The Bashkirs are a Turkic ethnic group, indigenous to Bashkortostan and the historical region of Badzhgard. This area extends both sides of the Ural Mountains where Eastern Europe meets North Asia. Smaller communities of Bashkirs also live in the Republic of Tatarstan, Perm Krai, Chelyabinsk, Orenburg, Tyumen, Sverdlovsk, Kurgan Oblasts and other regions of Russia. Bashkirs also reside in Kazakhstan and other countries.
  Most Bashkirs speak the Bashkir language, closely related to the Tatar and Kazakh languages which belong to the Kipchak branch of the Turkic languages. Cultural affinities are shared with the broader Turkic peoples. Religiously, the Bashkirs are mainly Sunni Muslims of the Hanafi madhhab faith.
  The Bashkir people are subject to systematic Russification and discrimination. They lack the opportunity to study in their native language at school as well as at university. The Bashkir language is included in the list of endangered languages.
context_section_description: After the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution, the All-Bashkir Qoroltays (convention) concluded that it was necessary to form a national federal Bashkir republic within Russia. As a result, on 15 November 1917, the Bashkir Regional (central) Shuro (Council) proclaimed the establishment of the Bashkir republic in areas of predominantly Bashkir population: Orenburg, Perm, Samara, Ufa provinces and the autonomous entity Bashkurdistan.
  In December 1917, delegates to the All-Bashkir (constituent) Congress, representing the interests of the population edge of all nationalities, voted unanimously for the Resolution (Farman #2) of the Bashkir regional Shuro on the proclamation of national-territorial autonomy (of the republic) Bashkurdistan. From the Congress, the government of Bashkurdistan, the Pre-parliament – Kese-Qoroltay and other bodies of power and administration, were formed and decisions made on how next to proceed.
  In March 1919, the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was formed based on agreements of the Russian Government.
  On October 11, 1990 Declaration of State Sovereignty by the Supreme Council of the Republic was proclaimed. On March 31, 1992 Bashkortostan signed a federal agreement on the delimitation of powers and areas of jurisdiction and the nature of contractual relations between the authorities of the Russian Federation and the authorities of the sovereign republics in its composition including the Republic of Bashkortostan.
caption: Monuments to Bashkir soldiers in Leipzig
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