page_title: Storage tank
section_title: Special features
hierarchical_section_title: Storage tank / Special features
caption_attribution_description: English: Fuel storage tank, North Fremanlte in the jointly operated Caltex, Shell Terminal. Approxiamate capacity is 2,000,000 litres, the blue pipe is for fire suppressant used to discharge firefighting foam directly onto the fuel. product pipework is all at the bottom of tank as during filling and discharging this reduces the incidents of static buildup, with it the potential for fire. Français&#160;: Réservoir de stockage de carburant, dans le terminal Shell / Caltex de North Fremantle, en Australie. Capacité du réservoir: 2 000 000 de litres. Le tube bleu est pour injecter un émulseur directement à la surface du carburant en cas d'incendie. La tuyauterie utilisée quotidiennement est au nivea du sol, pour éviter les feux d'origine électrostatique.
context_page_description: Storage tanks are containers that hold liquids, compressed gases or mediums used for the short- or long-term storage of heat or cold. The term can be used for reservoirs, and for manufactured containers. The usage of the word tank for reservoirs is uncommon in American English but is moderately common in British English. In other countries, the term tends to refer only to artificial containers.
  In the USA, storage tanks operate under no pressure, distinguishing them from pressure vessels. Storage tanks are often cylindrical in shape, perpendicular to the ground with flat bottoms, and a fixed frangible or floating roof. There are usually many environmental regulations applied to the design and operation of storage tanks, often depending on the nature of the fluid contained within. Above-ground storage tanks differ from underground storage tanks in the kinds of regulations that are applied. Above ground storage tanks can be used to hold materials such as petroleum, waste matter, water, chemicals, and other hazardous materials, all while meeting strict industry standards and regulations.
context_section_description: Since most liquids can spill, evaporate, or seep through even the smallest opening, special consideration must be made for their safe and secure handling. This usually involves building a bunding, or containment dike, around the tank, so that any leakage may be safely contained.
  Some storage tanks need a floating roof in addition to or in lieu of the fixed roof and structure.  This floating roof rises and falls with the liquid level inside the tank, thereby decreasing the vapor space above the liquid level. Floating roofs are considered a safety requirement as well as a pollution prevention measure for many industries including petroleum refining.
  In the United States, metal tanks in contact with soil and containing petroleum products must be protected from corrosion to prevent escape of the product into the environment.  The most effective and common corrosion control techniques for steel in contact with soil is cathodic protection. Outside the United States and at some locations in the United States, elevated tank support foundations with a sand bitumen mix finish are often used. These type of foundations keep the tank bottom plates free from water, therefore preventing corrosion.
caption: Cylindrical fuel storage tank with fixed roof and internal floating roof. Capacity approx 2,000,000 litres
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