page_title: Brazilian rock
section_title: 1990s
hierarchical_section_title: Brazilian rock / 1990s
caption_attribution_description: Português: Foto show de O Rappa no Tom Brasil
context_page_description: Brazilian rock refers to rock music produced in Brazil and usually sung in Portuguese. In the 1960s it was known as "iê-iê-iê", from the Portuguese transcription of the line "Yeah, yeah, yeah" from the Beatles song "She Loves You".
context_section_description: In the beginning of the 90's, the influence of the British and American noisy guitar bands such as Sonic Youth, The Jesus and The Mary Chain, My Bloody Valentine and The Telescopes, brought to life one of the most important independent movements ever seen in the Brazilian music: the Guitar. The movement was defined by loud and noisy guitars, intense feedback, vigorous performances and lyrics in English. Guitar bands began to appear all over the country, which annoyed music journalists, that would constantly criticize such bands due to their alleged lack of ability with a foreign language.
  The most influential guitar bands of this period were Maria Angélica Não Mora Mais Aqui, Pin Ups, Second Come, Killing Chainsaw, Mickey Junkies, PELVs, The Cigarettes, Low Dream, brincando de deus, Wry, Garage Fuzz (started as a guitar band and later became hardcore), Beach Lizards, Dash, Dago Red, Velouria, Shed, Dead Poets and Snooze.
  This moment can be called the first Brazilian independent scene (or indie scene). It was time to Grunge and Britpop, the distorted colors, the development of hardcore, and a return to Punk. The independent festival Juntatribo in Campinas in 1993 and 1994 and BHRIF - Belo Horizonte Rock Independente Festival, in Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais), in 1994, were a milestone and became the independent attitude a new option.
  The 1990s also saw a resurgence in instrumental rock's popularity, and some of the classic bands from previous decades reformed. Surf music also became popular, especially The Argonauts, The Gasolines and Os Ostras. Hard rock had in 1993 a new representative in Brazil, Dr. Sin. Heavy metal had two debuts: in 1990 Torture Squad and in 1991 Angra - all of these are from São Paulo.
  Also in this period, many other bands acquired widespread national projection, such as: Raimundos (which was formed in the late 1980s, but only released its first album in 1994) with its Forrocore style, Skank and O Rappa, both of which with a style that can be designated like a kind of reggae-rock, Pato Fu as the first indie band that arrived at mainstream, Charlie Brown Jr., with its alternative rock with rap and skate punk influences, and Mamonas Assassinas, who were a great hit with humour and rock but its members died in a tragic plane accident (1996). Also Jota Quest was a success since the first album, 1996, and they arrived with a powerful pop-rock-funk.
  From the end of the 1980s to beginning of the 1990s names like Planet Hemp, Karnak, Walverdes, Relespública, Virna Lisi, Graforreia Xilarmônica, Okotô and Boi Mamão are prominent. 
  The MTV Brasil Unplugged format brought back to the mainstream some bands whose career had been mainly consolidated in the 1980s, like the Titãs in 1996, Capital Inicial in 2000, Ira! in 2004 and Lobão in 2007.
  In the beginning of the 1990s there was the Manguebeat (or Mangue Bit) movement that put Recife definitively as one of principal places that has an important modern rock scene. Its style is a cross between the local rhythms, like Maracatu, and Rock, Hip hop and Electronic music. Coming from this movement are Chico Science & Nação Zumbi (which shortened their name to only Nação Zumbi following Science's death), Mundo Livre S/A, Fred 04, DJ Dolores, Stela Campos, Otto etc.
  Kurt Cobain after his shows in Brazil with Nirvana (band) in 1993 helped spread the Brazilian rock in the world. David Byrne, Beck, Of Montreal, Devendra Banhart and others were influenced by the 1960s Tropicália and have divulged this musical style to the world. In the 1990s, Björk, Stereolab, Towa Tei, Amon Tobin and The High Llamas were approaching the Brazilian pop music increasingly.
  Between final 1990s and beginning of 21st century are relevant: Los Hermanos that is a noteworthy reference to the independent bands. Cássia Eller, who recorded several songs of the Brazilian rock musicians with powerful vocal and suddenly died in 2001. Pitty, the rarity of being a woman bandleader (with the band of the same name), has typified her career with brave lyrics and uncommon vocals. Lobão (that in the 1980s was ma
caption: O Rappa.
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