page_title: Globus pallidus
section_title: Parts
hierarchical_section_title: Globus pallidus / Structure / Parts
caption_attribution_description: English: Very low magnification micrograph showing the interface between the globus pallidus (paleostriatum, lower left) and putamen (part of the neostriatum, upper right). H&amp;E-LFB stain. The prominent myelinated fibres that connect the striatum to the globus pallidus are known as striatopallidal fibres, Wilson's pencils, pencil fibres of Wilson, and pencils of Wilson. Related images Intermed. mag.
context_page_description: The globus pallidus also known as paleostriatum or dorsal pallidum, is a subcortical structure of the brain. It consists of two adjacent segments, one external, known in rodents simply as the globus pallidus, and one internal, known in rodents as the entopeduncular nucleus. It is part of the telencephalon, but retains close functional ties with the subthalamus in the diencephalon – both of which are part of the extrapyramidal motor system. The globus pallidus is a major component of the basal ganglia, with principal inputs from the striatum, and principal direct outputs to the thalamus and the substantia nigra. The latter is made up of similar neuronal elements, has similar afferents from the striatum, similar projections to the thalamus, and has a similar synaptology. Neither receives direct cortical afferents, and both receive substantial additional inputs from the intralaminar thalamus.
context_section_description: In the primate basal ganglia, the globus pallidus is divided into two parts by the medial medullary lamina. These are the internal globus pallidus (GPi) and the external globus pallidus [GPe]); both are composed of closed nuclei surrounded by myelinic walls.
  The ventral pallidum lies within the substantia innominata (Latin for unnamed substance) and receives efferent connections from the ventral striatum (the nucleus accumbens and the olfactory tubercle). It projects to the dorsomedial nucleus of the dorsal thalamus, which, in turn, projects to the prefrontal cortex; it also projects to the pedunculopontine nucleus and tegmental motor areas. Its function is to serve as a limbic-somatic motor interface, and it is involved in the planning and inhibition of movements from the dorsal striatopallidal complex.
caption: Microscopic image of the external globus pallidus (lower left of image) and putamen (upper right of image). H&E-LFB stain.
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