page_title: Stegodon
section_title: Morphology
hierarchical_section_title: Stegodon / Morphology
caption_attribution_description: English: Stegodon S. zdansky Yellow river sex male age +50 humerus 1210 femur 1460 size group – pelvis 2000 387 cm • 12.7 t All the skeletal restorations are presented on the same scale (1/100). The human figure is 180 cm tall. Mass estimates are in kilograms for small proboscideans and in tonnes for the larger forms. Shoulder heights are in cm. The age (years), sex, size group, femur and humerus greatest length (mm) (in the case of * it refers to the humerus articular length in mm) and pelvis breadth (mm) are included.
context_page_description: Stegodon, meaning "roofed tooth" because of the distinctive ridges on the animal's molars, is a genus of the extinct subfamily Stegodontinae of the order Proboscidea. It was assigned to the family Elephantidae, but has also been placed in the Stegodontidae. Stegodonts were present from 11.6 million years ago to the late Pleistocene, with unconfirmed records of localized survival until 4,100 years ago. Fossils are found in Asian and African strata dating from the late Miocene; during the Pleistocene, they lived across large parts of Asia and East and Central Africa, and in Wallacea as far east as Timor.
  A review of 130 papers written about 180 different sites with proboscidean remains in southern China revealed Stegodon to have been more common than Asian elephants; the papers gave many recent radiocarbon dates, the youngest being 2,150 BCE. However, Turvey et al. reported that one of the faunal assemblages including supposed fossils of Holocene Stegodon is actually late Pleistocene in age; other supposed fossils of Holocene stegodonts were lost and their age cannot be verified.
caption: Skeletal restoration of S. zdansky
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