page_title: Pander D
section_title: Design and development
hierarchical_section_title: Pander D / Design and development
caption_attribution_description: English: Side view of Pander D, taken at Croydon on or about 28 April 1925
context_page_description: The Pander D was a small Dutch single-seat sport monoplane, an evolution of the Carley C.12 of 1923. Ten were built.
context_section_description: When Vliegtuig Industrie Holland (VIH) (English: Aircraft Industry Holland) became insolvent in 1924, Its core staff and property were bought by H. Pander who set up  Nederlandse Fabriek van Vliegtuigen H. Pander & Zonen (English:Dutch Aircraft Factory H. Pander & Sons) to produce aircraft.  Their first design was a modified Holland H.2, an aircraft which VIH had derived from the Carley C.12.  All were small, single-seat, shoulder wing monoplanes powered by a single three-cylinder Anzani producing about 22 kW (30 hp). The Pander D had the much more streamlined, rounded fuselage, quadrant shaped fin and faired headrest that VIH had used with the H.2; compared with the C.12, the Pander's wings were more tapered, had rounded tips and lacked the large cutouts in the trailing edge roots.  The trailing edges of the elevators were unswept, not forward swept as on the C.12.
  The Pander D had a single piece, two spar wing which was attached to the upper fuselage longerons with pairs of yoked U-bolts.  The spars were of the box type with spruce flanges and plywood webs, the front one forming a narrow chord D-box with ply covering around the wing leading edge. Aft of the front spar, the wing and ailerons, the latter mounted on false spars, were fabric covered.  Similar methods were used in the tail structure.
  The fuselage was a monocoque structure of longerons and hoops, covered in three-ply.  The fuselage was flat sided but deep and carefully made upper and lower fairings produced its overall rounded look. The high quality and lightness of the woodworking was remarked upon; Pandar had built his reputation and fortune in the furniture trade.  As on the earlier versions of the Carley C.12 the cockpit was between the wing spars, faired by a coaming with a circular cutout. The fixed, conventional undercarriage was also similar to that of the C.12, with steel V-form struts hinged on the upper longerons supporting, via rubber shock absorbers, the landing wheels and outer ends of split axles, hinged to the central fuselage underside. The inverted Y-Anzani had a smooth, rounded cowling through which much of its cylinders protruded.  It drove a two-bladed propeller.
  The Pandar D flew for the first time on 16 November 1924, with J. van Opstal at the controls.
caption: Pander D at Croydon
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