page_title: Kutai
section_title: Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate
hierarchical_section_title: Kutai / History / Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate
caption_attribution_description: English: The Crown of Kutai Sultan, collection of the National Museum of Indonesia, Jakarta. The golden crown that symbolizing the power and authority of the King of Kutai, is part of the regalia of the Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. This crown was first used during the reign of Sultan Muhammad Sulaiman, reign 1845-1899. This crown is 30 cm long, 25 cm wide, and 12 cm high. Made in the mid-19th century, and originated from Kutai, East Kalimantan. This crown is designed in the classical Javanese style, which resembles a king's crown in the Wayang Wong (Wayang Orang) performance in Java. This crown was made in the mid-19th century by a goldsmith from the Kutai Sultanate itself. This crown is made of gold with forging and filigree techniques, decorated with diamonds. In the past the crown was worn by the Sultan at various royal events. The Sultanate of Kutai handed over this crown to the Indonesian National Museum in 1967. Exhibited by the Indonesian National Museum in Pekan Kebudayaan Nasional 2019 (2019 National Cultural Week), 7-13 October 2019, Istora Senayan, Jakarta. Bahasa Indonesia: Mahkota Sultan Kutai, koleksi Museum Nasional Indonesia, Jakarta. Mahota emas yang melambangkan kekuasaan Raja Kutai ini merupakan bagian dari regalia Kesultanan Kutai Kartanegara, Kalimantan Timur, Indonesia. Mahkota ini pertama kali digunakan pada masa pemerintahan Sultan Muhammad Sulaiman, tahun 1845-1899. Mahkota ini berukuran panjang 30 cm, lebar 25 cm, dan tinggi 12 cm. Dibuat pada pertengahan abad ke-19, dan berasal dari Kutai, Kalimantan Timur. Mahkota ini dirancang dengan gaya Jawa klasik, yang menyerupai mahkota raja dalam pertunjukan Wayang Wong (Wayang Orang) di Jawa. Mahkota ini dibuat pada pertengahan abad ke-19 oleh pandai emas dari Kesultanan Kutai sendiri. Mahkota ini terbuat dari emas dengan teknik tempa dan filigrin, dihias dengan butiran intan. Pada masa lalu mahkota ini dikenakan oleh Sultan pada berbagai acara kerajaan. Kesultanan Kutai menyerahkan mahkota ini kepada Museum Nasional Indonesia pada tahun 1967. Dipamerkan oleh Museum Nasional Indonesia dalam Pekan Kebudayaan Nasional 2019, 7-13 Oktober 2019, Istora Senayan, Jakarta.
context_page_description: Kutai is a historical region in East Kalimantan, Indonesia on the island of Borneo and is also the name of the native ethnic of the region, numbering around 300,000 who have their own language of the same name and their own rich history. Today the name is preserved in the names of three regencies in East Kalimantan, the Kutai Kartanegara Regency, the West Kutai Regency and the East Kutai Regency. The major river of the region is the Mahakam River.
context_section_description: Around the end of the 13th century the kingdom of Kutai Kartanegara was established in the region of Tepian Batu or Kutai Lama. The first known ruler is Aji Batara Agung Dewa Sakti, who is thought to have ruled from 1300 to 1325. Aji Pangeran Sinum Panji Mendapa, who ruled 1635–1650, was able to conquer the kingdom of Kutai Martadipura and merged the two realms thus Kutai Kartanegara Ing Martadipura.
  In 1667 the Dutch V.O.C. attacked Makassar on the island of Sulawesi leading to the downfall of the Bugis Kingdom of Gowa. Some of the Bugis under the leadership of Lamohang Daeng Mangkona or Pua Ado I immigrated to Kutai on neighbouring Borneo (Kalimantan) and the ruler of Kutai allowed them to settle in Kampung Melantai around the Karang Mumus River, now known as Kampung Selili. This settlement eventually developed into the modern town of Samarinda.
  Islam took hold in the region since the 17th century (most of the Bugis were Muslims) and Aji Muhammad Idris, ruling 1732–1739?, was the first ruler to have an Islamic name.
  After a civil war Aji Imbut, after finally becoming the ruler as Aji Muhammad Muslihuddin in 1780, moved the capital in 1782 from Pemarangan to Tepian Pandan. The name of the capital city eventually developed from Tangga Arung to its present form of Tenggarong.
  In 1844 the Dutch defeated the Sultan Aji Muhammad Salehudin, forcing him into exile, and took direct control of Kutai.
  The Japanese invaded the region in 1942 and acknowledged a "Kooti Kingdom", that was a subject of the Tenno. In 1945 Kutai joined, along with its neighbours, into the East Kalimantan federation.
  In 1949 Kutai finally became part of the Republic of Indonesia.
caption: The golden crown of Kutai Sultan, part of the regalia of Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate. Collection of the National Museum of Indonesia, Jakarta.
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