page_title: Groschen
section_title: Names and etymology
hierarchical_section_title: Groschen / Names and etymology
caption_attribution_description: preußischer Groschen des 14. Jh.
context_page_description: Groschen was the name for a silver coin used in various states of the Holy Roman Empire.
context_section_description: The name was introduced in 13th-century France as [denarius] grossus, lit. "thick penny", whence Old French gros, Italian grosso, Middle High German gros(se), Low German and Dutch grōte and English groat.  In the 14th century, it appeared as Old Czech  groš, whence Modern German Groschen.
  Names in other modern European languages include:
  Albanian: grosh
  Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Serbo-Croatian and Ukrainian: грош (groš)
  Dutch: groot
  Estonian: kross
  French: gros
  Hungarian: garas
  Lithuanian: grašis
  Polish: grosz
  Romanian: groș
  Yiddish: גראָשן‎ (grošn)
  The qirsh, gersh, grush, γρόσι (grósi) and kuruş are the Arabic, Amharic, Hebrew, Greek and Turkish, names respectively, for currency denominations in and around the territories formerly part of the Ottoman Empire derived from the same Italian origin. 
  In Polish, the term is also similar to the word for the pea and, as the coins were similar in size and weight, the term might have gained popularity and still remains in use in Poland. It is currently used as a subunit of the złoty.
caption: Teutonic Order groschen of the 14th century
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