page_title: Taxonomy of Allium
section_title: Subgenus Polyprason
hierarchical_section_title: Taxonomy of Allium / Subdivision / Evolutionary lines and subgenera / Third evolutionary line / Subgenus Polyprason
caption_attribution_description: English: use as a spice to delicious for meal
context_page_description: The precise taxonomy of the genus Allium is still poorly understood with incorrect descriptions being widespread. With over 850 species distributed over the Northern hemisphere Allium is the sole genus in the Allieae, one of four tribes of subfamily Allioideae. New species continue to be described and Allium is both highly variable and one of the largest monocotyledonous genera, but the precise taxonomy of Allium is poorly understood, with incorrect descriptions being widespread. The difficulties arise from the fact that the genus displays considerable polymorphism and has adapted to a wide variety of habitats. Furthermore, traditional classications had been based on homoplasious characteristics. However, the genus has been shown to be monophyletic, containing three major clades, although some proposed subgenera are not. Some progress is being made using molecular phylogenetic methods, and the internal transcribed spacer region, including the 5.8S rDNA and the two spacers ITS1 and ITS2, is one of the more commonly used markers in the study of the differentiation of the Allium species.
context_section_description: 4 sections
  Section Daghestanica Type A. daghestanicum
  Section Falcatifolia Type A. carolinianum
  Section Oreiprason Type A. saxatile
  Section Scorodon Type A. moschatum
  Sections
  Section Daghestanica (Tscholok.) N.Friesen
  2 geographical alliances
  1. Caucasian species (A. daghestanicum, A. gunibicum)
  2. European species from the eastern Alps to the Pyrenees
  Allium chrysanthum Regel
  Allium chrysocephalum Regel
  Allium daghestanicum Grossh. Type
  Allium ericetorum Thore (Syn. Allium ochroleucum Waldst. & Kit.)
  Allium gunibicum Miscz. ex Grossh.
  Allium herderianum Regel
  Allium kermesinum Rchb.
  Allium maowenense J.M.Xu
  Allium rude J.M.Xu
  Allium suaveolens Jacq.
  Allium xichuanense J.M.Xu
  Section Falcatifolia N.Friesen
  Montane to subalpine belt of Central Asian mountains
  Allium carolinianum DC. (Syn. Allium blandum Wall., Allium polyphyllum Kar. & Kir., Allium thomsonii Baker) Type
  Allium hymenorrhizum Ledeb.
  Allium platyspathum Schrenk
  Section Oreiprason F.Herm.
  Allium albovianum Vved. (Syn. Allium gracile Albov)
  Allium consanguineum Kunth
  Allium glaciale Vved.
  Allium goloskokovii Vved.
  Allium horvatii Lovrić
  Allium kaschianum Regel
  Allium kokanicum Regel
  Allium obliquum L.
  Allium roylei Stearn
  Allium saxatile M.Bieb. (Syn. Allium globosum M.Bieb. ex DC.) Type
  Allium stracheyi Baker
  Allium talassicum Regel
  Section Scorodon Koch sensu stricto (s.s.)
  Allium frigidum Boiss. & Heldr.
  Allium jacquemontii Kunth
  Allium moschatum L. subgenus Type
  Allium popovii Vved.
caption: Allium carolinianum
exif: {"Image Make": "SAMSUNG", "Image Model": "SAMSUNG ES73 / VLUU ES73 / SAMSUNG SL605", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "96", "Image YResolution": "96", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "GIMP 2.8.10", "Image DateTime": "2014:10:24 10:38:36", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image Copyright": "COPYRIGHT, 2010", "Image ExifOffset": "2332", "Image Padding": "[]", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "5088", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "10589", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/500", "EXIF FNumber": "7/2", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "100", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2012:07:18 11:03:28", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2012:07:18 11:03:28", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "169567/93750", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "9", "EXIF ApertureValue": "361/100", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "361/100", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF LightSource": "Unknown", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "49/10", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3000", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "4000", "EXIF RelatedSoundFile": "RelatedSound", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "4964", "EXIF ExposureIndex": "1", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "0", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "27", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF Contrast": "Normal", "EXIF Saturation": "Normal", "EXIF Sharpness": "Normal", "EXIF Padding": "[]"}