page_title: Vertical and horizontal
section_title: Walls and floors
hierarchical_section_title: Vertical and horizontal / Geophysical definition / Walls and floors
caption_attribution_description: English: Brick wall close-up viewفارسی: نمای نزدیک از یک دیوار اجری
context_page_description: In astronomy, geography, and related sciences and contexts, a direction or plane passing by a given point is said to be vertical if it contains the local gravity direction at that point.
  Conversely, a direction or plane is said to be horizontal if it is perpendicular to the vertical direction.
  In general, something that is vertical can be drawn from up to down, such as the y-axis in the Cartesian coordinate system.
context_section_description: On a (horizontal) floor, one can draw a horizontal line but not a vertical line in the sense of a plumb bob line. But on a (vertical) wall, one can draw both vertical and horizontal lines. In this sense, a vertical wall allows more options. This is reflected in the tools a bricklayer uses: a plumb line for verticality and a spirit level to check that the mortar courses are horizontal.
  On the other hand, in contrast to a wall a horizontal floor allows more options when one considers compass directions. One can draw on a floor lines going north, south, east, and west, in fact, along any compass direction. A wall allows fewer options. For instance, on a wall which runs along a longitude, an insect cannot crawl east.
caption: Brick wall showing horizontal mortar courses and vertical perpendiculars. By contrast, a level floor only contains horizontal lines.
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