page_title: Occupation of Araucanía
section_title: Occupation
hierarchical_section_title: Occupation of Araucanía / Occupation
caption_attribution_description: Change of Chile frontier border in the Occupation of the Araucanía - 1870
context_page_description: The Occupation of Araucanía or Pacification of Araucanía was a series of military campaigns, agreements and penetrations by the Chilean army and settlers into Mapuche territory which led to the incorporation of Araucanía into Chilean national territory. Pacification of Araucanía was the expression used by the Chilean authorities for this process. The conflict was concurrent with Argentine campaigns against the Mapuche and Chile's wars with Spain and with Peru and Bolivia.
  The Mapuche people had a history of resistance to Spanish conquest with the area known as Araucanía remaining de facto independent through the colonial era. Following an independence from Spain relations between the nascent republic and the Mapuches of Araucanía remained mostly amicable. However economical and geopolitical reasons together with increasingly negative attitudes towards the Mapuche made Chilean authorities decide to seek an incorporation of Araucanía, by arms if necessary. Mapuche chiefdoms responded in different ways, some aligned with Chile, other declared themselves neutral while a substantial group led by the Arribanos sought to violently oppose the advance of Chilean settlers and military.
caption: Map showing the "old" and the "new" frontier established by 1870
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