page_title: Margareten
section_title: Interwar period until 1945
hierarchical_section_title: Margareten / History / Interwar period until 1945
caption_attribution_description: Metzleinstalerhof - 1. Gemeindebau in Wien (1919-1920)
context_page_description: Margareten is the fifth district of Vienna. It is near the old town of Vienna and was established as a district in 1850, but borders changed later. Margareten is a residential urban area, with over 25,000 inhabitants per km², one of the most densely populated districts in Vienna.
context_section_description: Although the population declined in Margaret, the pent-up demand for housing was relatively large. The number of houses rose during 1910-1923, from 1563 to 1626 houses, and remained with 1618 houses in 1934 almost the same count, despite strong local construction activity. This had two reasons: first, major developments have been built, and secondly, the houses were built higher and the number of four-and five-storey homes increased. To alleviate the large housing shortage after the First World War, communal housing was created in Vienna. The free area in Margareten - along the "belt Drasche" - offered the ability to reach large communal dwellings. The result was in 1919-1920, as the Metzleinstaler Court, the first residential building of the municipality of Vienna, with 244 apartments. By 1930, five other large residential buildings were erected, so that the belt had the colloquial name "Ring of the proletariat". The worker gave the district while the Civil War 1934 opposition to the Austro-fascist corporate state. The Reumannhof, a communal dwelling in 1924, had as a main base of the Defense League a central role and has been very high content of protective covenant. On 12 February 1934, fighting broke out against 14 clock Reumannhof, that ended only with the collapse of a general strike by 20 clock, and then surrendered the entrenched Schutzbund.
  The Margaret synagogue, located in the Siebenbrunnengasse 1a, was destroyed during the November pogrom (1938), Kristallnacht. During World War II, large parts of Margareten were destroyed by bombing raids since the war effort ran institutions, such as the Austrian Southern Railway and the freight station Matzleinsdorf, at the county line. Also heavily damaged was the area around the Vienna River.
  In the liberation of Vienna by the Red Army, troops remained in the area occupied by the Volkssturm and SS Amtshaus from the fighting since the Volkssturm units during an air raid in the flight taken. On April 10, 1945, the Soviet army arrived in Margareten and installed in the Upper Amtshausgasse 3-5 (former employment), the Russian commander. Nevertheless, the majority of the roads after the war were impassable, and there was neither light nor gas. The public transport was decommissioned, and the parks were used as dumping sites for debris and garbage. Homelessness, disease, hunger and chaos dominated the immediate postwar period.
caption: Metzleinstaler court around 1922
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