page_title: Name of Ukraine
section_title: Mainstream[citation needed] interpretation as 'borderland'
hierarchical_section_title: Name of Ukraine / Etymology / Mainstream[citation needed] interpretation as 'borderland'
caption_attribution_description: English: Peresopnytsia Gospel, Matthew 19:1. Excerpt in which word "ukrainy" (оукраины) corresponds to "coasts" (KJV Bible) or "region" (NIV Bible) (of Judaea). Русский: Отрывок из Пересопицкого Евангелия, Мат. 19:1 Українська: Уривок із Пересопницького євангелія, Мат. 19:1, де йдеться «пришол в україни иудейския».
context_page_description: The name "Ukraine" was first used in reference to a part of the territory of Kievan Rus' in the 12th century. The name has been used in a variety of ways since the 12th century, referring to numerous lands on the border between Polish and Kievan Rus' territories. In English, the traditional use was "the Ukraine", which is nowadays less common and officially deprecated by the Ukrainian government and many English language media publications.
  Ukraine is the official full name of the country, as stated in the Ukrainian Declaration of Independence and Constitution; there is no official alternative long name. From 1922 until 1991, "Ukraine" was the name of the territory of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic within the Soviet Union. After the Russian Revolution in 1917–1921, there were the short-lived Ukrainian People's Republic and Ukrainian State, recognized in early 1918 as consisting of nine governorates of the former Russian Empire, plus Chelm and southern part of Grodno Governorate.
context_section_description: “Oukraina” was initially mentioned in the Hypatian Codex in approximately 1187, referring to the name of the territory of the Pereyaslav Principality and meaning “outskirts”, possibly being derived from the Proto-Slavic noun *krajь, meaning 'edge, border. The codex was written in the East Slavic version of Church Slavonic language. Several theories exist regarding the origin of the name “Ukraine” but the most popular one states that the name originates from the general Slavic word for “borderland”, “frontier region” and “marches” which referred, most likely, to the border territories of Kievan Rus. 
  This suggests that it was being used as a semantic parallel to -mark in Denmark, which originally also denoted a border region (in this case of the Holy Roman Empire, cf. Marches). The Arabic name of Egypt, Miṣr, similarly denotes a border region.
  In the sixteenth century, the only specific ukraina mentioned very often in Polish and Ruthenian texts was the south-eastern borderland around Kyïv, and thus ukraina came to be synonymous with the Kyïv Voivodeship and later the region around Kyïv. Later this name was adopted as the name of the country.
  The etymology of the word Ukraine is seen this way in all mainstream etymological dictionaries, see e.g. Max Vasmer's etymological dictionary of Russian); see also Orest Subtelny, Paul Magocsi, Omeljan Pritsak, Mykhailo Hrushevskyi, Ivan Ohiyenko, Petro Tolochko and others. It is supported by Jaroslav Rudnyckyj in the Encyclopedia of Ukraine and the Etymological dictionary of the Ukrainian language (based on already mentioned Vasmer).
  On a map, published in Amsterdam in 1645, the sparsely inhabited region to the north of the Azov sea is called Okraina and is characterized to the proximity to the Dikoia pole (Wild Fields), a posing a constant threat of raids of Turkic nomads (Crimean Tatars and the Nogai Horde). There is, however, also a specialised map published in 1648 of the Lower Dnieper region by Guillaume Le Vasseur de Beauplan called "Delineatio Generalis Camporum Desertorum vulgo Ukraina" (General illustration of desert plains, in common speech Ukraine), attesting to the fact that the term Ukraina was also in use.
caption: Excerpt from Peresopnytsia Gospel (Matthew 19:1) (1556) where the word "ukrainy" (оукраины) corresponds to  "coasts" (KJV Bible) or "region"(NIV Bible).
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