page_title: Body identification
section_title: Skin
hierarchical_section_title: Body identification / Traditional research methods / Skin
caption_attribution_description: English: Identifier: personalidentifi00wild (find matches) Title: Personal identification; methods for the identification of individuals, living or dead Year: 1918 (1910s) Authors: Wilder, Harris Hawthorne, 1864-1928 Wentworth, Bert, 1857- joint author Subjects: Identification Publisher: Boston, R. G. Badger Contributing Library: Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine Digitizing Sponsor: Open Knowledge Commons and Harvard Medical School View Book Page: Book Viewer About This Book: Catalog Entry View All Images: All Images From Book Click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book. Text Appearing Before Image: in such only, the ridge count may be taken, and by it the patternsmay be conveniently subdivided; but here the customary count is notthat between either delta and the core, but between the right point of deltaand the line traced from the one on the left. The cross line, upon which thecount is taken, should be drawn perpendicular to the ridges to be counted,or as nearly so as the print permits. Thus, Figure e of Plate III is an DESCRIPTION OF PLATE III a. Inside Spiral Whorl, 3 intervening ridges. Code word, WABBLE.h. Inside Whorl, intervening ridges three or more, but cannot be counted owingto the absence of right delta. Code word, WARP. c. Meeting Whorl, no intervening ridges, many would class this as an elongatedwhorl, with code word WRAITH. Code word, WEAK. d. Meeting Whorl, 1 intervening ridge inside. Code word, WEB. e. Outside Whorl, 8 intervening ridges. Code word, WHEEL./. Outside Whorl, 5 intervening ridges. Code word, W^HARF. Finger Prints; Description and Classification 205 Text Appearing After Image: e. Code word, WHEEL (o) Description of Plate III on Page 204 /. Code word, WHARF (o) 206 Personal Identification Outside Whorl with a ridge count of 8; and/ of the same plate is Outsidewith a ridge count of 5. Since ridge counts of 1 and 2, both inside andoutside, are classed with Meeting Whorls, the count for the I and O groupsbegins at 3, with nothing below. In tracing the lines from the deltas, the following rules should beemployed: Start at the left point of delta, tracing toward the right point of delta. When theridge ends, drop to the one underneath, or, when the ridge bifurcates, follow the lowermember of the bifurcation, (c); then If the ridge traced passes inside the right point ofdelta, with three (3) or more ridges intervening,the pattern is classed as an Inside Whorl. Classi-fication Symbol I. M =A o ^ Note About Images Please note that these images are extracted from scanned page images that may have been digitally enhanced for readability - coloration and appearance of these illustrations may not perfectly resemble the original work.
context_page_description: Body identification is a subfield of forensic science that uses a variety of scientific and non-scientific methods to identify a body. Forensic purposes are served by rigorous scientific forensic identification techniques, but these are generally preceded by formal identification. This involves requesting a family member or friend of the victim to visually identify the body.
  If a body is not badly decomposed or damaged, one or more persons who knew the deceased well can visually confirm their identity. Authorities will also compare supportive documents such as a driver's license, passport, or other authoritative photo ID before accepting a personal identification.
  Any formal investigation should be used to support additional scientific evidence, allowing forensic scientists to either reinforce or question the supposed identity of the victim. Scientific methods are also used in cases where these introductory approaches are not possible. These scientific identification techniques, including anthropometry, skin analysis, dental records and genetics, rely on the individuality of each body.
context_section_description: The skin provides forensic scientists with ways to identify a body.
caption: Fingerprint identification
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