page_title: Scolymus
section_title: Inflorescence, flowers and fruits
hierarchical_section_title: Scolymus / Description / Inflorescence, flowers and fruits
caption_attribution_description: Español: Scolymus hispanicus (Cardillo, Tagarnina) . Cipselas maduras sueltas aún rodeadas de sus páleas aladas membranosas; se notan restos del vilano de finas aristas barbeladas en el escote de las páleas. - Prolongación calle José Quinto, Albatera (Alicante, España).
context_page_description: Scolymus is a genus of annual, biennial or perennial, herbaceous plants that is assigned to the Daisy family, and can be found in Macaronesia, around the Mediterranean, and in the Middle East. All species are spiny, thistle-like in appearance, with flowerheads that consist of yellow ligulate florets, and canals that contain latex. It is known as سكوليمس in Arab, scolyme in French, and is sometimes called golden thistle or oyster thistle in English.
context_section_description: The flowerheads are seated at the end of the stem or in the limbs of the higher leaves, are arranged in a spike or a globose cluster and are subtended by two to more than five leaflike bracts. Each flowerhead is circled by an involucre that consists of many spine-tipped bracts in several rows, the outer papery and shorter than the inner ones, which are leaflike in consistency. These surround the common floral base (or receptacle), which is conical in shape and is set with ovate papery bracts called chaff or paleae. Inplanted are dorsally compressed cypselas, each enclosed by a palea, the outer rows higher than the inner ones. On top of the cypselas there may be two to five stiff scabrous bristles, which are equivalent to sepals (and are called pappus). Also, on top of the cypsela and within the pappus is a yellow, orange or white strap-like corolla which ends in five teeth, together comprising a ligulate floret.
caption: cypselas encased in their paleae
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