page_title: Serbian enclaves in Kosovo
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Serbian enclaves in Kosovo / History
caption_attribution_description: Српски / srpski: Косово и Метохија: Живот у војску КФОР-а, која неалбанце штити од терориста.Фотографије из пројекта "Корени душе". Фото:Дарко Дозет Deutsch: Kosovo (Kosovo und Metochien): Leben unter Schutz der KFOR-Soldaten, rechts im Bild eine Nonne des am 18. März 2004 von einem kosovo-albanischen Mob niedergebrannten und verwüsteten Klosters Devič. Fotografie aus dem Projekt: "Koreni Duše". Foto: Darko Dozet
context_page_description: Serbian enclaves are settlements in Kosovo outside North Kosovo where Serbs form a majority. After the initial outflow after the Kosovo War the situation of the Kosovo Serb communities has improved and under the Ahtisaari plan minority rights have been promoted.
  Serbs have often built roadblocks and barricades, to prevent access by Kosovo Police and customs officers. The 2013 Brussels Agreement allowed full operation of Kosovo Police and customs officials, while the Community of Serb Municipalities is planned to be created within the Republic of Kosovo legal framework.
context_section_description: According to the 1991 census in Yugoslavia, there were five municipalities with a Serb majority in the Autonomous Province of Kosovo and Metohija. Those were: Leposavić, Zvečan, Zubin Potok, Štrpce and Novo Brdo. The remaining municipalities had an Albanian majority, while other significant ethnic minorities (such as Muslims and Romani) did not form majorities in any of the municipalities. The 1991 census was boycotted by most Albanians, and is generally seen as unreliable.
  Prior to the 1999 Kosovo War, there were many more Serbs living in the territory of Kosovo. Many of them left in 1999, and some more left during the 2004 unrest, when the Serb community and Serbian cultural heritage were targeted, and as a result 35 churches, including 18 monuments of culture, were demolished, burnt or severely damaged. Estimates of the number of Serbs thus displaced range from 65,000 to 250,000 Only about 3.000 of them have returned since. Based on Serbian former Ministry for Kosovo and Metohija, 312 of 437 towns and villages in which Serbs lived were completely ethnically cleansed, and in the ensuing violence, more than 1.000 Serbs were killed, while 841 were kidnapped and 960 wounded.
  Between 2000 and 2008, the UNMIK administration created eight new municipalities on the territory of Kosovo, three of which have an ethnic Serb majority: Gračanica, Klokot-Vrbovac and Ranilug. In 2008, the Community Assembly of Kosovo and Metohija was created to coordinate the efforts of the Serbian minority in Kosovo. There are some 120,000 Serbs in Kosovo, of whom about a third are in the north. They believe that if Republic of Kosovo government officials are deployed on the border, Kosovo will eventually take control of the north, which is now a de facto part of Serbia. Kosovo's Serbs, especially in the north, reject its independence.
  During the ethnic tensions in the 2004 unrest in Kosovo, numerous Serb enclaves were assaulted by Kosovo Albanian rioters.
caption: Serbs in enclaves during 2004 unrest
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