page_title: National Memorial of the Republic of Belarus
section_title: The memorial
hierarchical_section_title: National Memorial of the Republic of Belarus / The memorial
caption_attribution_description: English: Hatyn, Belarus Русский: Мемориальный комплекс Хатынь, Республика Беларусь
context_page_description: The national state memorial "Khatyn" of the Republic of Belarus is the central war memorial of Belarus for all victims of the German occupation during the Second World War. It commemorates particularly the more than 600 "burnt villages" which, together with their inhabitants, were destroyed in the National Socialist genocide and the Nazi policy of the "burnt earth" in Belarus since the beginning of the Second World War. Khatyn was one of them; the village lies about 60 kilometres north of Minsk on the road to Wizebsk in the Logojskij district, in the Minskaja Woblasz.
context_section_description: The memorial was inaugurated on 5 July 1969. It was designed and created by the architects Yuri Gradow, Leonid Lewin, Walentin Sankowitsch and the sculptor Sergej Selichanow. The opening began with a mourning ceremony in Minsk. Delegations from Russia, Ukraine, Georgia, Moldova and other republics of the Soviet Union, from the then twin cities and other foreign guests took part in the ceremony and the trip to Khatyn. This village represents the many destroyed villages in Belarus. The survivor Kaminskij also spoke at the opening ceremony.
  The renovation and reconstruction of the State Memorial "Khatyn" was completed in July 2004, on the occasion of the 60th anniversary of the "Liberation of Belarus from the German-Fascist Conquerors" in Khatyn, which was commemorated in the presence of the Presidents of Belarus, Aljaksandr Lukashenka, Russia, Vladimir Putin, and Ukraine, Leonid Kuchma. In July 2004, a photographic exposition was inaugurated at the memorial, commemorating Khatyn, Maly Trostenez and the Ozarichi concentration camp as another example.
  The memorial contains many symbols, the three most important of which are probably the memories of Khatyn, the cemetery of the burnt villages and the trees of the rebuilt villages.
  Furthermore, the "eternal flame" burns in a large black granite stone block on which three birches grow.
  This symbolizes the fact that about a quarter of all Belorussian inhabitants died in the Second World War.
  Everywhere in the area where the houses of Khatyn village once stood, their floor plans are indicated by concrete beams embedded in the ground. A symbolic chimney juts out into the air as a reminder of each fire ruin. A bell strikes every thirty seconds together with all the other bells in the chimney steles commemorating the destroyed houses. The number and ages of the victims are recorded at each house. At the entrance of the symbolic village there is a six-metre-high bronze sculpture depicting Iosif Kaminskij carrying his dead son Adam in his arms. Behind the sculpture there is also a symbolic reproduction of the village barn, which commemorates the annihilation of the village population.
  The cemetery of the burned villages looks like the burial grounds on any modern cemetery. Uniform rows of graves and identical type of lettering. But each of the 185 graves represents a village that was destroyed in the so-called punitive operations. On each grave there is an urn filled with native soil and an inscription with the name of the village and the name of the district where the village used to be, which remained extinct after the war.
  The names of 433 Belarusian villages, burned like Khatyn but rebuilt after the war, are immortalized like branches on symbolic "trees of life". In the Logojskij district alone, 21 villages and their populations were burned down. After the war 11 villages were rebuilt.
  In a long memorial wall, memorial plates with the names and deaths of the concentration camps and extermination sites in Belarus were placed in niches. The path along this wall commemorates over 260 death camps and mass extermination sites of the German SS, the Ordnungspolizei and the Wehrmacht.
caption: The symbolic fireplaces of Khatyn
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