page_title: List of Arctic expeditions
section_title: 20th century
hierarchical_section_title: List of Arctic expeditions / 20th century
caption_attribution_description: English: Pre World War II photo of Georgy Ushakov, Soviet polar explorer
context_page_description: This list of Arctic expeditions is a timeline of historic Arctic exploration and explorers of the Arctic.
context_section_description: 1898, 1899, 1906, 1907: Albert I, Prince of Monaco leads four Arctic expeditions with Princesse Alice
  1900–1903: Russian polar expedition of 1900–1902 on-board Zarya is led by Eduard Toll
  1901–1902: First North Pole expedition financed by US industrialist William Ziegler, led by Evelyn Baldwin
  1902–1904: The Literary expedition led by Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen together with Knud Rasmussen explores the northwest Greenland coast between Uummannaq and Thule
  1903–1906: Roald Amundsen's Gjøa expedition – first Northwest Passage traversal
  1903–1905: Ziegler Polar Expedition overland, led by Anthony Fiala
  1905–1906: North Pole expedition led by Robert Peary, from Ellesmere Island
  1906–1908: The Danmark Expedition led by Ludvig Mylius-Erichsen, mapped the last unknown areas of Northeast Greenland, but ended fatally for the main exploring team
  1906, 1907, 1909: The airship America and Walter Wellman
  1906–1908: Anglo-American Polar expedition (Ejnar Mikkelsen–Ernest de Koven Leffingwell expedition)
  1907: Johan Peter Koch and Aage Bertelsen report seeing Fata Morgana Land, a phantom island off the coast of northeast Greenland
  1907–1909: US North Pole expedition led by Frederick Cook
  1909–1912: The Alabama expedition to northeast Greenland led by Ejnar Mikkelsen in an operation to recover bodies and logs of the ill-fated Danmark expedition
  1908–1909: expedition led by Robert Peary
  1910–1915: Russian Arctic Ocean Hydrographic Expedition in Taymyr and Vaygach
  1912: First Thule expedition – Knud Rasmussen and Peter Freuchen explores North Greenland and establishes that Peary Land is not an island
  1912–1913: Johan Peter Koch and Alfred Wegener cross the inland ice in north Greenland
  1912–1915: Brusilov Expedition, ill-fated expedition led by Captain Georgy Brusilov
  1913: Crocker Land Expedition to search for Crocker Island, a hoax reported by Robert Peary
  1913–1914: Russian expedition aboard Foka, led by Georgy Sedov
  1913–1918: Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913–1916 led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson, initially in HMCS Karluk which was lost in 1913 and explored land that was unknown to the Inuit
  1916–1918: Second Thule expedition – Knud Rasmussen and Lauge Koch explore North Greenland
  1918–1925: Roald Amundsen traversed the Northeast Passage with Maud
  1919: Third Thule expedition – Knud Rasmussen explores north Greenland and lays out depots for Roald Amundsen's polar drift in Maud
  1919–1920: Fourth Thule expedition – Knud Rasmussen explores east Greenland
  1921–1923: Bicentenary Jubilee expedition led by Lauge Koch explores north Greenland
  1921–1923: Wrangel Island Expedition – a land claim and colonisation attempt conceived, but not led by Vilhjalmur Stefansson – all members died apart from Iñupiat seamstress and cook Ada Blackjack
  1921–1924: Fifth Thule expedition led by Knud Rasmussen crossed the Northwest Passage on dog sledges from Thule across Arctic Canada to Nome, Alaska demonstrates how Inuit culture could spread rapidly
  1925: Flying boat expedition led by Roald Amundsen and Lincoln Ellsworth
  1926: Aircraft flight by Richard E. Byrd and Floyd Bennett
  1926: The airship Norge (Roald Amundsen, Umberto Nobile and Lincoln Ellsworth)
  1928: Carl Ben Eielson–Hubert Wilkins Arctic Ocean crossing
  1928: The airship Italia (Umberto Nobile)
  1930–1931: Alfred Wegener's German Expedition to Greenland that led to his death on the Greenland ice sheet, halfway between Eismitte and West Camp
  1930: Bratvaag Expedition, led by Gunnar Horn to Franz Josef Land, found long lost remains of Salomon August Andrée's expedition
  1930–1931: British Arctic Air Route Expedition was an expedition, led by Gino Watkins, that aimed to draw improved maps and charts of poorly surveyed sections of Greenland's coastline
  1931: Successful research trip by airship Graf Zeppelin led by Hugo Eckener
  1931: Sir Hubert Wilkins with submarine Nautilus (failed 800 km (500 mi) south of the pole)
  1931: Sixth Thule expedition led by Knud Rasmussen explores northeast Greenland
  1931–1934: The three-year expedition to East Greenland led by Lauge Koch explores northeast Greenland
  1932: Icebreaker
caption: Georgy Ushakov
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