page_title: 1937
section_title: July
hierarchical_section_title: 1937 / Events / July
caption_attribution_description: English: Portrait of American aviation pioneer Amelia Earhart. EARHART, AMELIA
context_page_description: 1937 was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1937th year of the Common Era and Anno Domini designations, the 937th year of the 2nd millennium, the 37th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year of the 1930s decade.
context_section_description: July 1
  The Gestapo arrests pastor Martin Niemöller in Germany.
  In a referendum the people of the Irish Free State accept the new Constitution by 685,105 votes to 527,945.
  First alleged sighting of the White River Monster.
  July 2
  Amelia Earhart and navigator Fred Noonan disappear after taking off from New Guinea, during Earhart's attempt to become the first woman to fly around the world.
  A guard takes his place at the Tomb of the Unknowns in Washington, D.C.; continuous guard has been maintained there ever since.
  July 4 – The Lost Colony historical drama is first performed at an outdoor theater in the location where it is set, Roanoke Island, North Carolina.
  July 5
  The canned precooked meat product Spam is introduced by the Hormel Company in the United States.
  The highest recorded temperature in Canada, at Yellow Grass, Saskatchewan, is 45 °C (113 °F).
  July 7
  Sino-Japanese War - Battle of Lugou Bridge (aka Marco Polo Bridge Incident): Japanese forces invade China (often seen as the beginning of World War II in Asia).
  The Peel Commission proposes partition of the British Mandate of Palestine into separate Arab and Jewish states.
  July 9 – 1937 Fox vault fire: The silent film archives of Fox Film Corporation are destroyed.
  July 20 – The Geibeltbad Pirna is opened in Dresden, Germany.
  July 21 – Éamon de Valera is elected President of the Executive Council (prime minister) of the Irish Free State, by the Dáil (parliament).
  July 22 – New Deal: The United States Senate votes down President Franklin D. Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.
  July 24 – Alabama drops rape charges against the so-called Scottsboro Boys.
  July 25–31 – Sino-Japanese War: Battle of Beiping–Tianjin, a series of actions fought around Beiping and Tianjin, result in Japanese victory.
  July 28 – The Irish Republican Army attempts the assassination by bomb of George VI in Belfast.
  July 29 – Tungchow Mutiny: Units of the East Hopei Army mutiny, and kill Japanese troops and civilians in Tōngzhōu.
  July 31 – NKVD Operative Order 00447 "Об операции по репрессированию бывших кулаков, уголовников и других антисоветских элементов" ("The operation for repression of former kulaks, criminals and other anti-Soviet elements") is approved by the Politburo of the Soviet Union, initially as a 4-month plan for 75,950 people to be executed and an additional 193,000 to be sent to the Gulag.
caption: July 2: Amelia Earhart disappears from New Guinea.
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