page_title: Rube Foster
section_title: Chicago American Giants
hierarchical_section_title: Rube Foster / Chicago American Giants
caption_attribution_description: 1920 Detroit StarsTop row, L-R: Bill Holland, Edgar Wesley, Bruce Petway, Charlie Harper, Bill Gatewood, unidentified, unidentifiedMiddle row, L-R: Buck Hewitt, Pete Hill, Tenny Blount, Jimmy Lyons, Andy CooperBottom row, L-R: unidentified, William Force, Orville Riggins, unidentified
context_page_description: Andrew "Rube" Foster was an American baseball player, manager, and executive in the Negro leagues. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1981.
  Foster, considered by historians to have been perhaps the best African-American pitcher of the first decade of the 1900s, also founded and managed the Chicago American Giants, one of the most successful black baseball teams of the pre-integration era. Most notably, he organized the Negro National League, the first long-lasting professional league for African-American ballplayers, which operated from 1920 to 1931. He is known as the "father of Black Baseball."
  Foster adopted his longtime nickname, "Rube", as his official middle name later in life.
context_section_description: The following season, Foster established a partnership with John Schorling, the son-in-law of Chicago White Sox owner Charlie Comiskey.  The White Sox had just moved into Comiskey Park, and Schorling arranged for Foster's team to use the vacated South Side Park, at 39th and Wentworth. Settling into their new home (now called Schorling's Park), the Lelands became the Chicago American Giants. For the next four seasons, the American Giants claimed the western black baseball championship, though they lost a 1913 series to the Lincoln Giants for the national championship.
  By 1915, Foster's first serious rival in the midwest had emerged: C. I. Taylor's Indianapolis ABCs, who claimed the western championship after defeating the American Giants four games to none in July.  One of the victories was a forfeit called after a brawl between the two teams broke out.  After the series, Foster and Taylor engaged in a public dispute about that game and the championship.  In 1916, both teams again claimed the western title.  The continued wrangling led to calls for a black baseball league to be formed, but Foster, Taylor, and the other major clubs in the midwest were unable to come to any agreement.
  By this time, Foster was pitching very little, compiling only a 2–2 record in 1915.  His last recorded outing on the mound was in 1917; from this time he became purely a bench manager.  As a manager and team owner, Foster was a disciplinarian.  He asserted control over every aspect of the game, and set a high standard for personal conduct, appearance, and professionalism among his players.  Given Schorling Park's huge dimensions, Foster developed a style of play that emphasized speed, bunting, place hitting, power pitching, and defense.  He was also considered a great teacher, and many of his players themselves eventually became managers, including Pete Hill, Bruce Petway, Bingo DeMoss, Dave Malarcher, Sam Crawford, Poindexter Williams, and many others.
  In 1919, Foster helped Tenny Blount finance a new club in Detroit, the Stars.  He also transferred several of his veteran players there, including Hill, who was to manage the new team, and Petway.  He may have been preparing the way for the formation, the following year, of the Negro National League (NNL).
caption: The 1920 Detroit Stars
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