page_title: Coach (carriage)
section_title: Miscellany
hierarchical_section_title: Coach (carriage) / Miscellany
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: Le Mail Français On verra dans l'intérieur du numéro la tenue des mails américains pris à la dernière «&#160;parade&#160;». Cette photographie prise à la réunion de la Société des Guides montre le mail français, garni d'élégantes Parisiennes et attelé et conduit avec une impeccable correction
context_page_description: A coach is a large closed four-wheeled passenger-carrying vehicle or carriage usually drawn by two or more horses usually controlled by a coachman occasionally accompanied by a postilion but always accompanied by footmen ready to handle unruly horses. A coach has doors in its sides and a front and a back seat inside. The driver has a seat in front raised up high to give good vision. It is often called a box, box seat or coach box. The word coach came into use in the 15th century and spread across Europe. There are a number of types of coach depending on how the vehicle is to be used. Special breeds of horses, such as the now-extinct Yorkshire Coach Horse, were developed to pull the heavy coaches.
context_section_description: The business of a coachman,  like the pilot of an aircraft, was to expertly direct and take all responsibility for a coach or carriage and its horses, their stabling, feeding and maintenance and the associated staff. He was also called a jarvey or jarvie, especially in Ireland. 
  If he drove dangerously fast or recklessly he was a jehu (from Jehu, king of Israel, who was noted for his furious attacks in a chariot (2 Kings 9:20), or a Phaeton (from Greek Phaethon, son of Helios, who attempted to drive the chariot of the sun but managed to set the earth on fire). 
  A postilion or postillion sometimes rode as a guide on the near horse of a pair or of one of the pairs attached to a coach, especially when there was no coachman. A guard on a horse-drawn coach was called a shooter.
  Traveling by coach, or pleasure driving in a coach, as in a tally-ho, was called coaching. In driving a coach, the coachman used a coachwhip, usually provided with a long lash. Experienced coachmen never used the lash on their horses. They used the whip to flick the ear of the leader to give them the office to move on, or cracked it next to their heads to request increased speed. 
  box coat: a heavy overcoat with or without shoulder capes used by coachmen (riding on the box seat) exposed to all kinds of weather.
  hammercloth: ornamented and often fringed was hung over the coachman's seat, especially on a ceremonial coach.
  cockhorse:  An extra horse led behind a coach to be hitched when passing over steep or difficult terrain.
  stable was a building to shelter horses usually close to the owner's house. Staff accommodation would be close often within the same building.
  coach house was a special building for sheltering a coach or coaches but coaches were more often kept within the stable building.
  coaching inn or coaching house  provided accommodation for travellers and usually provided a change of horses and offered stabling.
  coach dog or carriage dog was trained to run in attendance on a coach particularly Dalmatians.
caption: Park Drag Paris 1906
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