page_title: Norman Sas
section_title: Tudor Games and Electric Football
hierarchical_section_title: Norman Sas / Tudor Games and Electric Football
caption_attribution_description: English: Electric football men. Rams
context_page_description: Norman Anders Sas, was an American toy inventor, mechanical engineer and manufacturer who is best known for inventing electric football, a tabletop game popular from the late 1940s until the development of video football games in the 1980s.
context_section_description: In 1948, Sas became the president of Tudor Metal Products Corporation (later renamed Tudor Games), a company founded by his father.  The company had developed table-top car and horse-racing games which used vibrations from a motor to propel figures across a metal surface.  Sas developed electric football by applying the prior technology to create a game in which figures were moved across a football field by the vibrations from the motor.  Sas recalled the inspiration for the game as follows: "Watching these horses run, I thought, 'Gee! If we could come up with some football figures and get them running against each other, we’d have a football game.'"
  The game was released in 1949 and remained in production into the 1980s.  Although no longer in production, the game maintained a following among baby-boomers who continued to play it, leading to the formation of the Miniature Football Coaches Association.
  In 1967, Sas entered into a licensing agreement with the National Football League allowing the company to use team colors and player names on the game's figures. Over 40 million copies of the game were ultimately sold.  Michael David Smith of NBC Sports recalled:
  For the first decade or so of its partnership with the NFL, Electric Football was stunningly popular: Young football fans couldn’t get enough of strategizing with their 11 plastic players, putting them in just the right formation so that the ball carrier would vibrate his way into the end zone. Of course, the game’s motions were so unpredictable that the ball carrier was liable to go backward for a safety, but no matter: The game was pure fun.
  In 2012, a book on the history of electric football and Tudor Games titled The Unforgettable Buzz was published.  One of the book's authors, Earl Shores, recalled, "You'd sit there and on the 10th try your running back would turn to the left and magically go down the field for a touchdown.  You played Electric Football for that one moment."  Shores praised Sas for his ability to sustain the game's popularity: "To be able to run your company for 40 years with the same toy — that puts you in the same company as Monopoly."
  The game's popularity waned in the development of video football games. Interviewed in 1998, Sas said, "For the first 10 years, we generated more money for NFL Properties than anyone else.  Then the [video] games came out, and that was the beginning of the end."
caption: Plastic figures used in Sas's electric football game
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