page_title: Johan Galtung
section_title: Background
hierarchical_section_title: Johan Galtung / Background
caption_attribution_description: Español: Johan Galtung en el ITESM Campus Ciudad de México
context_page_description: Johan Vincent Galtung is a Norwegian sociologist, and the principal founder of the discipline of peace and conflict studies.
  He was the main founder of the Peace Research Institute Oslo in 1959 and served as its first director until 1970. He also established the Journal of Peace Research in 1964. In 1969 he was appointed to the world's first chair in peace and conflict studies, at the University of Oslo. He resigned his Oslo professorship in 1977 and has since held professorships at several other universities; from 1993 to 2000 he taught as Distinguished Professor of Peace Studies at the University of Hawaii. He has been based in Kuala Lumpur, where he was the first Tun Mahathir Professor of Global Peace at the International Islamic University Malaysia until 2015.
  Galtung has been a major intellectual figure of the New Left since the 1950s. He is known for contributions to sociology in the 1950s, political science in the 1960s, economics and history in the 1970s, and macrohistory, anthropology and theology in the 1980s. Galtung coined the term "peace research."
context_section_description: Galtung was born in Oslo. He earned the cand. real. degree in mathematics  at the University of Oslo in 1956, and a year later completed the mag. art. (PhD) degree in sociology at the same university. Galtung received the first of thirteen honorary doctorates in 1975.
  Galtung's father and paternal grandfather were both physicians. The Galtung name has its origins in Hordaland, where his paternal grandfather was born. Nevertheless, his mother, Helga Holmboe, was born in central Norway, in Trøndelag, while his father was born in Østfold, in the south. Galtung has been married twice, and has two children by his first wife Ingrid Eide, Harald Galtung and Andreas Galtung, and two by his second wife Fumiko Nishimura, Irene Galtung and Fredrik Galtung.
caption: Galtung speaking at the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education, Mexico City.
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