page_title: Slovenia
section_title: Prehistory
hierarchical_section_title: Slovenia / History / Prehistory to Slavic settlement / Prehistory
caption_attribution_description: Ce morceau de fémur d'un ours trouvé en 1995 dans la grotte de Divje Babe (Alpes) est percé de deux trous, ce qui a été interprété par les archéologues comme la partie d'une flûte fabriquée par un homme de Néandertal La couche archéologique, dans laquelle a été découvert cet os percé, date de 55.000 ans (fin du paléolithique moyen, ) comme l'ont affirmé les archéologues slovènes à partir de mesures radiométriques. Cet "flûte" serait donc à l'heure actuelle le plus vieil instrument de musique du monde. Les trésors du musée national de Slovénie www.nms.si/index.php?option=com_content&amp;view=article&amp;... "En 1995, Ivan Turk découvre un fémur percé appartenant à un jeune ours des cavernes, daté de 43 100 ± 700 ans BP9. À cause de sa ressemblance avec une flûte, il lui donne le nom de «&#160;flûte néandertalienne&#160;». Le fait que ce soit réellement une flûte fabriquée par l'homme de Néandertal fait l'objet de discussions scientifiques." Extrait de l'article de Wikipedia sur la flûte fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fl%C3%BBte_de_Divje_Babe
context_page_description: Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia, is a country located in Europe at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes.
  It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. Slovenia covers 20,271 square kilometers and has a population of 2.095 million. One of the successor states of the former Yugoslavia, Slovenia is now a parliamentary republic and member nation of the European Union, United Nations, and NATO. The capital and largest city is Ljubljana.
  Slovenia has a mostly mountainous terrain with a mainly continental climate, with the exception of the Slovene Littoral, which has a sub-Mediterranean climate, and of the Julian Alps in the northwest, which have an Alpine climate. Additionally, the Dinaric Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet on the territory of Slovenia. The country, marked by significant biological diversity, is one of the most water-rich in Europe, with a dense river network, a rich aquifer system, and significant karst underground watercourses. Over half of the territory is covered by forest. The human settlement of Slovenia is dispersed and uneven.
context_section_description: Present-day Slovenia has been inhabited since prehistoric times. There is evidence of human habitation from around 250,000 years ago. A pierced cave bear bone, dating from 43100 ± 700 BP, found in 1995 in Divje Babe cave near Cerkno, is considered a kind of flute, and possibly the oldest musical instrument discovered in the world. In the 1920s and 1930s, artifacts belonging to the Cro-Magnon, such as pierced bones, bone points, and a needle were found by archaeologist Srečko Brodar in Potok Cave.
  In 2002, remains of pile dwellings over 4,500 years old were discovered in the Ljubljana Marshes, now protected as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, along with the Ljubljana Marshes Wooden Wheel, the oldest wooden wheel in the world. It shows that wooden wheels appeared almost simultaneously in Mesopotamia and Europe. In the transition period between the Bronze Age to the Iron Age, the Urnfield culture flourished. Archaeological remains dating from the Hallstatt period have been found, particularly in southeastern Slovenia, among them a number of situlas in Novo Mesto, the "Town of Situlas". In the Iron Age, present-day Slovenia was inhabited by Illyrian and Celtic tribes until the 1st century BC.
caption: A pierced cave bear bone, possibly a flute, from Divje Babe
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