page_title: Umm El Qa'ab
section_title: Second Dynasty tombs
hierarchical_section_title: Umm El Qa'ab / Second Dynasty tombs
caption_attribution_description: English: The remains of the second dynasty pharaoh Khasekhemwy's tomb at Umm el-Qa'ab in 2005. Khasekhemwy was the final king of the second dynasty of Egypt and many Egytologists today agree that he was the father of Djoser, the most powerful king of the third dynasty of Egypt.
context_page_description: Umm El Qaʻāb is a necropolis of the Early Dynastic Period kings at Abydos, Egypt. Its modern name means "Mother of Pots" as the whole area is littered with the broken pot shards of offerings made in earlier times. The cultic ancient name of the area was pkr or pkr "District of the pkr[-tree]" or "Opening of the pkr[-tree]", belonging to tꜣ-dsr "the secluded/cleared land" or crk-hh "Binding of Eternity".
  The area was a site of veneration and worship in ancient Egypt, and by the time of the Middle Kingdom, at least one of the royal tombs was excavated and rebuilt for the priests of Osiris.
  The tombs of this area were first excavated by Émile Amélineau in the 1890s and more systematically by Flinders Petrie between 1899-1901. Since then the area has been excavated repeatedly by the German Archaeological Institute since the 1970s, which has allowed for a thorough reconstruction of the original layout and appearance of these tombs.
context_section_description: The last two kings of the Second Dynasty returned to be buried near to their ancestors - they also revived the practice of building mud-brick funerary enclosures nearby.
  P – Peribsen. A seal found in this tomb contains the first full sentence written in hieroglyphs.
  V – Khasekhemwy. This tomb was on a massive scale, with several interconnecting mud-brick chambers, and the actual burial chamber being constructed of dressed limestone blocks. When excavated by Petrie in 1901 it contained a scepter made from sard and banded with gold, limestone vases with golden covers, and a ewer and basin of bronze.
caption: Khasekhemwy's tomb
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