page_title: Cliff Cave County Park
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Cliff Cave County Park / History
caption_attribution_description: English: Cliff Cave in Cliff Cave County Park in en:St. Louis County, Missouri.
context_page_description: Cliff Cave County Park is a 525-acre public park located in St. Louis, Missouri. The park is operated by St. Louis County Parks. It is named after Cliff Cave, a natural cave located in the park that is a historical and archaeologic site. The park contains woodlands, wetlands, and rocky hillsides and is adjacent to the Mississippi River. It has three trails: the Mississippi Trail, the Spring Valley Trail, and the River Bluff Trail. The Riverside Shelter overlooks the Mississippi River. An active train track runs through the park. Cliff Cave Park is part of the Mississippi River Greenway. The park won the "Best View of the Mississippi" award in 2009, which it was granted by The Riverfront Times.
context_section_description: Native Americans likely were attracted to the area due to the cave, fresh spring water, and the nearby Mississippi River. They regarded the cave as a sacred place.
  In 1749, Jean Baptiste Gamache first acquired the land through a land grant from the Spanish government.
  In the 1770s, Cliff Cave was used by the French fur trappers and traders as a riverside tavern for travelers of the Mississippi River.
  In 1854, Christopher W. Spalding and Henry W. Williams purchased the area. In 1857, they placed boundaries for the Cliff Cave subdivisions, selling lots from 1.7 acres to 24.7 acres.
  In the 1860s, during the Civil War, Confederate soldiers were thought to use the cave as a rendezvous point.
  After the Civil War, Missouri became a center of winemaking in the Midwest. In 1866, the Cliff Cave Wine Company was established; in 1868, they purchased the area for $36,176 to use the cave as a natural wine cellar. The company planted twenty-five acres of grapes in the area which produced 3,000 gallons of wine in one year. The company itself had 240 acres of vineyard along the Mississippi River, and by 1870, the cave had a storage capacity of 100,000 gallons of wine. Stonework near the cave entrance added in this time still exists today.
  In the late 1800s, volunteer soldiers from Jefferson Barracks built a saloon in the cave entrance. In approximately 1910, the cave was leased to Anheuser-Busch to store beer, with the company harvesting ice from the river in the winter to keep the beer cool during the summer.
  Caves in Missouri were sometimes used by criminals and outlaws in the 19th and 20th centuries. In the early 1900s, Cliff Cave was known as Jesse James Cave (a name shared with other caves in Missouri).  During the 1920s, the Mob used the cave as a place to discard bodies.
  A tavern and café called "Girlies" was located in the area. A pool of cold water and a mineral odor, named Sun King Pool, was sourced by a spring, but now is the location of the parking lot.
  In 1969, after the success of a St. Louis County Bond Issue, the purchase of the Cliff Cave property was initiated. The land was valued at $400,000. The funding was matched with federal acquisition dollars from the Land and Water Conservation Fund and other agencies.  In the fall of 1972, the property was acquired. In the spring of 1977, Cliff Cave Park was officially opened to the public.
  In 1986, a referendum was held which designated the park as one of five Natural Heritage Parks in the area, limiting the amount of park construction and development to five percent of the total park area.
caption: Entrance of Cliff Cave. The walls seen along the stream are remains from the Cliff Cave Wine Company.
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