page_title: Gulab Singh
section_title: Recognition as Maharaja
hierarchical_section_title: Gulab Singh / Recognition as Maharaja
caption_attribution_description: English: Memorial Shrines for Gulab Singh and Ranbir Singh, Jammu, India, ca.1875-ca.1940 Photograph of large memorial shrines in the city of Jammu. The shrines were built for Gulab Singh (1792a1857), the founder and first Maharaja of the state of Jammu and Kashmir, and his son Ranbir Singh (1830-1885).; This belongs to a series of Church of Scotland Foreign Missions Committee lantern slides relating to Jammu City, which is also known as the "City of Temples". A mission station occupied by Church of Scotland missionaries was founded here in the late 19th/early 20th century. Jammu is also one of the three administrative divisions within Jammu and Kashmir, the northernmost state in India. Photographer: Unknown Subject (personal name): Gulab Singh, Maharaja of Kashmir, 1792-1858; Ranbir Singh, Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, 1830-1885 Filename: imp-cswc-GB-237-CSWC47-LS10-008.tif Coverage date: 1875/1940 Part of collection: International Mission Photography Archive, ca.1860-ca.1960 Geographic subject (region): Jammu and Kashmir Type: images Part of subcollection: Photographs from the Centre for the Study of World Christianity, University of Edinburgh, U.K., ca.1900-ca.1940s Repository name: Centre for the Study of World Christianity Archival file: impaunpub_Volume7/1724.url Repository address: The University of Edinburgh School of Divinity, New College, Mound Place, Edinburgh EH1 2LX, United Kingdom Geographic subject (country): India Format (aacr2): 1 lantern slide&#160;: 8 x 8 cm. Geographic subject (continent): Asia Rights: Contact the repository for details. Part of series: In the Temple City of Jammu LS10 Repository email: divinity-CSWC@ed.ac.uk Subject (lcsh Keyword): Memorials; Heads of state Date created: 1875/1940 Publisher (of the digital version): University of Southern California. Libraries Subject (aat genre): exterior views Format (aat): lantern slides Legacy record ID: impa-m69232 Access conditions: http://www.ed.ac.uk/schools-departments/divinity/research/centres/world-christianity/collections-resources File: GB 237 CSWC47/LS10/8
context_page_description: Maharaja Gulab Singh Jamwal was the founder of royal Dogra dynasty and first Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, the second largest princely state in British India, which was created after the defeat of the Sikh Empire in the First Anglo-Sikh War. During First Anglo-Sikh War, Gulab Singh helped the British against the Sikhs. The Treaty of Amritsar formalised the sale by the British to Gulab Singh for 7,500,000 Nanakshahee Rupees of all the lands in Kashmir that were ceded to them by the Sikhs by the Treaty of Lahore.
context_section_description: Meanwhile, in the continuing intrigues at Lahore, the Sandhawalia Sardars (related to Ranjit Singh) murdered Raja Dhian Singh and the Sikh Maharaja Sher Singh in 1842.  Subsequently, Gulab Singh’s youngest brother, Suchet Singh, and nephew, Hira Singh, were also murdered.  As the administration collapsed the Khalsa soldiery clamored for the arrears of their pay.  In 1844 the Lahore court commanded an invasion of Jammu to extract money from Gulab Singh, reputed to be the richest Raja north of the Sutlej River as he had taken most of the Lahore treasury.
  However, the Gulab Singh agreed to negotiate on his behalf with the Lahore court. These negotiations imposed an indemnity of 27 lakh Nanakshahee Rupees on the Raja.
  Lacking the resources to occupy such a large region immediately after annexing portions of Punjab, the British recognised Gulab Singh as a Maharaja directly tributary to them on payment of 75 thousand Nanakshahee Rupees for the war-indemnity (this payment was justified on account of Gulab Singh legally being one of the chiefs of the Kingdom of Lahore and thus responsible for its treaty obligations).  The angry courtiers of Lahore (particularly the baptized Sikh, Lal Singh) then incited the governor of Kashmir to rebel against Gulab Singh, but this rebellion was defeated, thanks in great part to the action of Herbert Edwardes, Assistant Resident at Lahore.
  In the second Sikh War of 1849, he allowed his Sikh soldiers to desert and go to fight alongside their brethren in Punjab. The treaties of Chushul and Amritsar had defined the borders of the Kingdom of Jammu in the east, south, and west but the northern border was still undefined. In 1850 the fort of Chilas in the Dard country was conquered.
  Maharaja Gulab Singh died on 30 June 1857 and was succeeded by his son, Ranbir Singh.
caption: Memorial Shrines for Gulab Singh and Ranbir Singh, Jammu, India, ca.1875-ca.1940
exif: {}