page_title: 1130 papal election
section_title: Preparations for the election
hierarchical_section_title: 1130 papal election / Preparations for the election
caption_attribution_description: English: Church of Santa Francesca Romana near Forum Romanum, Rome. Italiano: Chiesa di Santa Francesca Romana nei pressi del Foro Romano, Roma.
context_page_description: The 1130 papal election was convoked after the death of Pope Honorius II and resulted in a double election. Part of the cardinals, led by Cardinal-Chancellor Aymeric de la Chatre, elected Gregorio Papareschi as Pope Innocent II, but the rest of them refused to recognize him and elected Cardinal Pietro Pierleoni, who took the name of Anacletus II. Although Anacletus had the support of the majority of the cardinals, the Catholic Church considers Innocent II as the legitimate Pope, and Anacletus II as Antipope.
  The double election was a result of the growing tensions inside the College of Cardinals concerning the policy of the Holy See towards the Holy Roman Empire, initiated by the Concordat of Worms, which ended the investiture controversy. Several, particularly older, cardinals considered the compromise achieved in Worms as desertion of the principles of the Gregorian Reform, and inclined to accept it only as a tactical move. They supported the traditional alliance of the Papacy with the Normans in southern Italy. Some of them were connected to old monastic centers in Southern Italy such as Montecassino.
context_section_description: Both parties of the College of Cardinals were of almost an equal size. The party of Aymeric had 19 members, while that of his opponents 24, but the party of the Chancellor was certainly better organized.
  One of the undeniable aspects of that division is that the Anacletans were mainly older cardinals, veterans of the investiture controversy, created either by Paschalis II or early in the pontificate of Callixtus II, while Innocentine cardinals with few exceptions were created after Concordat of Worms (1122), which established peace with the Emperor. Out of nineteen cardinals created before 1122, only five supported the Chancellor, while out of twenty four appointed from that time onwards as many as fourteen. The other possible reasons for such radical tensions in the College (e.g. national divisions, connections to different spiritual centres) are widely discussed by historians without final conclusion.
  In the elected committee the party of Aymeric had 5 members out 8. This was due to the way of their election – each of the three cardinalatial orders had to elect their own representatives. Although adherents of Aymeric were in the minority in the whole College, they had a majority among cardinal-bishops and cardinal-deacons, while their opponents were mainly cardinal-priests. Therefore, the faction of the Chancellor acquired a majority in the electoral body
  The following cardinals were elected to the committee (the opponents of Aymeric are denoted with †):
  Cardinal-Bishops (two adherents of Aymeric)
  Guillaume, Bishop of Palestrina
  Corrado della Suburra, Bishop of Sabina
  Cardinal-Priests (two opponents and one adherent of Aymeric)
  Pietro Pierleoni, O.S.B.Cluny, Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere †
  Pietro Pisano, Priest of S. Susanna †
  Pietro Ruffino, Priest of SS. Silvestro e Martino
  Cardinal-Deacons (two adherents and one opponent of Aymeric)
  Gregorio Papareschi, C.R.L., Deacon of S. Angelo in Pescheria
  Aymeric de la Chatre, C.R.S.M.R., Deacon of S. Maria Nuova and Chancellor of the Holy See
  Gionata, Deacon of SS. Cosma e Damiano †
caption: The church of S. Maria Nuova (today S. Francesca Romana) — the titular deaconry of chancellor Aymeric and the place of consecration of Innocent II
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