page_title: Stem cell
section_title: Potency meaning
hierarchical_section_title: Stem cell / Properties / Potency meaning
caption_attribution_description: Bosanski: Izvor pluripotentne matične ćelije od embriona u razvoju. Magyar: Pluripotent, embryonic stem cells originate as inner mass cells within a blastocyst. The stem cells can become any tissue in the body, excluding a placenta. Only the morula's cells are totipotent, able to become all tissues and a placenta. Македонски: Пат на настанување и изолирање на матичните клетки. Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Razvojne mogućnosti totipotentne i pluripotentne embionalne ćelije. Српски / srpski: Развојне могућности тотипотентне и плурипотентне ембионалне ћелије. Basa Sunda: Sél sirung émbrionik pluripotén salaku sél massa jero dina blastosis. Sél sirung bisa jadi jaringan naon baé dina awak, iwal bali. Ukur sél morula nu totipotén nu bisa jadi sagala rupa sél kaasup bali. ไทย: ภาพแผนผังสเต็มเซลล์. 中文: 胚胎幹細胞(Embryonic Stem Cells)起源於囊胚(Blastocyst)內部細胞(Inner Mass Cells)，為多能幹細胞，它可以成為任何組織，但不包括胎盤。只有桑椹胚(Morula)的細胞是全能的，可以成為所有組織或胎盤。 .
context_page_description: In multicellular organisms, stem cells are undifferentiated or partially differentiated cells that can differentiate into various types of cells and proliferate indefinitely to produce more of the same stem cell. They are the earliest type of cell in a cell lineage. They are found in both embryonic and adult organisms, but they have slightly different properties in each. They are usually distinguished from progenitor cells, which cannot divide indefinitely, and precursor or blast cells, which are usually committed to differentiating into one cell type.
  In mammals, roughly 50–150 cells make up the inner cell mass during the blastocyst stage of embryonic development, around days 5–14. These have stem-cell capability. In vivo, they eventually differentiate into all of the body's cell types. This process starts with the differentiation into the three germ layers – the ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm – at the gastrulation stage. However, when they are isolated and cultured in vitro, they can be kept in the stem-cell stage and are known as embryonic stem cells.
  Adult stem cells are found in a few select locations in the body, known as niches, such as those in the bone marrow or gonads.
context_section_description: Potency specifies the differentiation potential (the potential to differentiate into different cell types) of the stem cell.
  Totipotent (also known as omnipotent) stem cells can differentiate into embryonic and extraembryonic cell types. Such cells can construct a complete, viable organism. These cells are produced from the fusion of an egg and sperm cell. Cells produced by the first few divisions of the fertilized egg are also totipotent.
  Pluripotent stem cells are the descendants of totipotent cells and can differentiate into nearly all cells, i.e. cells derived from any of the three germ layers.
  Multipotent stem cells can differentiate into a number of cell types, but only those of a closely related family of cells.
  Oligopotent stem cells can differentiate into only a few cell types, such as lymphoid or myeloid stem cells.
  Unipotent cells can produce only one cell type, their own, but have the property of self-renewal, which distinguishes them from non-stem cells (e.g. progenitor cells, which cannot self-renew).
caption: Pluripotent, embryonic stem cells originate as inner cell mass (ICM) cells within a blastocyst. These stem cells can become any tissue in the body, excluding a placenta. Only cells from an earlier stage of the embryo, known as the morula, are totipotent, able to become all tissues in the body and the extraembryonic placenta.
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