page_title: De Ceremoniis
section_title: Composition
hierarchical_section_title: De Ceremoniis / Composition
caption_attribution_description: English: The imperial district of Byzantine Constantinople, with the Great Palace and the approximate locations of its main buildings (based on literary descriptions), the Hippodrome, the Hagia Sophia and the surrounding structures. Surviving or excavated structures are in black, the conjectural outlines of structures in grey, and the shaded portion corresponds to the area occupied by the Sultanahmet Camii and other later structures.Ελληνικά: Χάρτης της περιοχής του Μεγάλου Παλατίου της Κωνσταντινούπολης. Απεικονίζονται ο Ιππόδρομος, η Αγία Σοφία και η Αγία Ειρήνη, καθώς και τα γειτονικά κτίρια. Η (σκιασμένη) περιοχή του Μεγάλου Παλατίου καλύπτεται σήμερα από το τζαμί Σουλτάν Αχμέτ (το Μπλε Τζαμί) και άλλα κτήρια. Ως εκ τούτου, η διάταξη των κτιρίων του ανακτορικού συμπλέγματος είναι υποθετική, βασιζόμενη σε λογοτεχνικές και ιστορικές αναφορές. Το περίγραμμα των γνωστών/σωζώμενων θεμελίων σημειώνεται με μαύρο, τα υποθετικά με γκρίζο.
context_page_description: The De Ceremoniis is the conventional Latin name for a Greek book of ceremonial protocol at the court of the Byzantine emperors in Constantinople. Its Greek title is often cited as Ἔκθεσις τῆς βασιλείου τάξεως, taken from the work's preface, or Περὶ τῆς Βασιλείου Τάξεως. In non-specialist English sources, it tends to be called the Book of Ceremonies of Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos, a formula used by writers including David Talbot Rice and the modern English translation.
context_section_description: In its incomplete form chapters 1-37 of book I describe processions and ceremonies on religious festivals (many lesser ones, but especially great feasts like the Elevation of the Cross, Christmas, Epiphany, Palm Sunday, Good Friday, Easter and Ascension Day and saint's days like St Demetrius, St Basil etc. often extended over many days), while chapters 38-83 describe secular ceremonies or rites of passage like coronations (38-40), weddings (39,41), births (42), funerals (60), or the celebration of war triumphs during feasts at the Hippodrome like Lupercalia (73).
  These protocols gave rules for imperial progresses to and from certain churches at Constantinople and the imperial palace, with fixed stations and rules for ritual actions and acclamations from specified participants (the text of acclamations and processional troparia or kontakia, but also heirmoi and stichera are mentioned), among them also ministers, senate members, leaders of the "Blues" and the "Greens" during the hippodrome's horse races who had an important role during court ceremonies. The following chapters (84-95) are taken from a 6th-century manual by Peter the Patrician. They rather describe administrative ceremonies like the appointment of certain functionaries (ch. 84,85), investitures of certain offices (86), the reception of ambassadors and the proclamation of the Western Emperor (87,88), the reception of Persian ambassadors (89,90), Anagorevseis of certain Emperors (91-96), the appointment of the senate's proedros (97). The "palace order" prescribes the conveyances required for movement (i.e. on foot, mounted, by boat), as well as the participants’ costumes and acclamations, some of which were debased Latin, which had not been an administrative language for more than three centuries.
  The second book follows a very similar composition: (1) religious feasts and the description of palace buildings, (2) secular ceremonies and imperial ordonations, (3) imperial receptions and war festivities at the hippodrome, and later customs instituted by Constantine and his son Romanos.
caption: Map of the Great Palace situated between the Hippodrome and the Hagia Sophia. The structures of the Great Palace are shown in their approximate position as derived from literary sources. Surviving structures are in black.
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