page_title: Geothermal areas in Lassen Volcanic National Park
section_title: Bumpass Hell
hierarchical_section_title: Geothermal areas in Lassen Volcanic National Park / Bumpass Hell
caption_attribution_description: English: Bumpass Hell hot springs.
context_page_description: The geothermal areas in Lassen Volcanic National Park include several groups of hot springs and fumaroles, as remnants of former volcanic activity, exist in Lassen Volcanic National Park. Most of these lie in or are closely adjacent to Mount Tehama's caldera. Bumpass Hell is the most spectacular of these, but others of importance are Sulphur Works, Little Hot Springs Valley, Boiling Springs Lake and Devil's Kitchen. In each thermal area, the highest temperature of water generally is close to the boiling temperature at the altitude of the particular spring or fumarole — 198 °F at Bumpass Hell and 191 °F on the northwest flanks of Lassen Peak. Temperatures as high as 230 °F have been recorded in the park.
  Spring activity varies with water supply. Abundant water results in clear springs during early summer, but as the season progresses and the water supply decreases, springs change successively to turbid, warm pools, spattering mudpots, and finally steaming fumaroles. There are no true geysers within Lassen Volcanic National Park.
  Gases from hot springs are composed mostly of steam and carbon dioxide, with minor amounts of other gases.
context_section_description: Near Little Hot Springs Valley is Bumpass Hell, a hydrothermally altered geothermal area that spans 16 acres (6.5 ha) and has hot springs, fumaroles, and boiling mudpots. As part of Mount Tehama's main vent, Bumpass Hell is the result of fissures that tap the volcanic heat, thought to be a cooling mass of andesite, perhaps three miles (5 km) below the surface.
  
  It is named after Kendall Vanhook Bumpass, a cowboy and early settler who worked in the Lassen Peak area in the 1860s. Bumpass discovered the geothermal feature and was named on a mining claim for the area. In 1865 the editor of the Red Bluff Independent newspaper took a trip with Bumpass to see the locale.  During this trip Bumpass broke through a thin crust above a scalding hot mudpot; his leg was badly scalded and eventually had to be amputated. The area was named in his honor.
caption: Photo of several hot springs at Bumpass Hell from the perspective of the boardwalk.
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