page_title: Diesel engine
section_title: 1980s
hierarchical_section_title: Diesel engine / History / Timeline / 1980s
caption_attribution_description: English: BMW E28 524td; original yellow colour of fog lights and high beams altered using image manipulating software to match the German spec E28.Deutsch: BMW E28 524td; ursprüngliche gelbe Farbe der Nebelscheinwerfer und des Fernlichtes mittels Bildbearbeitungsprogramm verändert, um der deutschen Ausführung des E28 zu entsprechen.
context_page_description: The diesel engine, named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to the mechanical compression; thus, the diesel engine is a so-called compression-ignition engine. This contrasts with engines using spark plug-ignition of the air-fuel mixture, such as a petrol engine or a gas engine.
  Diesel engines work by compressing only the air. This increases the air temperature inside the cylinder to such a high degree that atomised diesel fuel injected into the combustion chamber ignites spontaneously. With the fuel being injected into the air just before combustion, the dispersion of the fuel is uneven; this is called a heterogeneous air-fuel mixture. The torque a diesel engine produces is controlled by manipulating the air-fuel ratio; instead of throttling the intake air, the diesel engine relies on altering the amount of fuel that is injected, and the air-fuel ratio is usually high.
context_section_description: 1981/82: Uniflow scavenging for two-stroke marine diesel engines becomes standard.
  1985: December, road testing of a common rail injection system for lorries using a modified 6VD 12,5/12 GRF-E engine in an IFA W50 takes place.
  1986: The BMW E28 524td is the world's first passenger car equipped with an electronically controlled injection pump (developed by Bosch).
  1987: Daimler-Benz introduces the electronically controlled injection pump for lorry diesel engines.
  1988: The Fiat Croma becomes the first mass-produced passenger car in the world to have a direct injected diesel engine.
  1989: The Audi 100 is the first passenger car in the world with a turbocharged, direct injected, and electronically controlled diesel engine.
caption: BMW E28 524td, the first mass-produced passenger car with an electronically controlled injection pump
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