page_title: Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour
section_title: Types
hierarchical_section_title: Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour / Types
caption_attribution_description: English: Ovarian tumors by incidence and risk of ovarian cancer. Reference: &#32;(2014).&#32;"Spectrum of ovarian tumors in a referral hospital in Nepal". Journal of Pathology of Nepal&#32;4&#32;(7): 539–543. DOI:10.3126/jpn.v4i7.10295. ISSN 2091-0908. Minor adjustment for mature cystic teratomas (0.17 to 2% risk of ovarian cancer): &#32;(2012).&#32;"Malignant Transformation in a Mature Teratoma with Metastatic Deposits in the Omentum: A Case Report". Case Reports in Pathology&#32;2012: 1–3. DOI:10.1155/2012/568062. ISSN 2090-6781.
context_page_description: Sex cord–gonadal stromal tumour is a group of tumors derived from the stromal component of the ovary and testis, which comprises the granulosa, thecal cells and fibrocytes. In contrast, the epithelial cells originate from the outer epithelial lining surrounding the gonad while the germ cell tumors arise from the precursor cells of the gametes, hence the name germ cell. In humans, this group accounts for 8% of ovarian cancers and under 5% of testicular cancers. Their diagnosis is histological: only a biopsy of the tumour can make an exact diagnosis. They are often suspected of being malignant prior to operation, being solid ovarian tumours that tend to occur most commonly in post menopausal women.
  This group of tumours is significantly less common than testicular germ cell tumours in men, and slightly less common than ovarian germ cell tumours in women.
context_section_description: These tumours are of the following types, characterized by their abnormal production of otherwise apparently normal cells or tissues.
  Although each of the cell and tissue types normally occurs in just one sex (male or female), within a tumour they can occur in the opposite sex.  Consequently, depending on the specific histology produced, these tumours can cause virilization in women and feminization in men.
caption: Ovarian tumors by incidence and risk of ovarian cancer, with sex cord-stromal tumors at right.[3]
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