page_title: Camille Tissot
section_title: Work
hierarchical_section_title: Camille Tissot / Work
caption_attribution_description: Français&#160;: Récepteur cohéreur enregistreur à tube de limaille (de Branly) 1902. Ce récepteur d'ondes hertziennes a permis de réaliser les premières liaisons radios à grande distance en radiotélégraphie. En 1902&#160;: depuis le phare du Stiff, essais par Camille Tissot de la station Ouessant TSF avec un récepteur radio à cohéreur et un émetteur à arc à deux boules. Cette station à une portée radiotélégraphiques de 80 kilomètres avec une flotte de 14 navires en mer et avec Brest. Français&#160;: Principe: Le tube A est en série dans-le circuit d'un élément de pile de 1,5 V et dans le circuit d'un relais sensible (généralement un relais magnétique) R. Une onde arrive, le tube devient conducteur, la palette du relais en R ce fermer un contact établissant un second circuit. Ce circuit contient: le Morse inscripteur E et un électro-aimant F, dit frappeur, cet électro-aimant mis en action attire sa palette, qui porte une sphère B, laquelle vient frapper légèrement le tube à limaille et le décohère par choc. Dès lors, revenu à son état primitif, le cohéreur est dé nouveau apte à recueillir une autre onde, qui s'inscrira à la suite de la première sur la bande du Morse. Deutsch: RX Fritter English: Early radio receiver circuit using a "Branly coherer", a tube containing metal filings, as a detector. This type of receiver, used until about 1906, made possible the first long distance radio telegraphy communication. In 1902: since the headlight of Stiff, tests by Camille Tissot of the station Ushant TSF with a radio operator receiver with coherer and an arc transmitter with two balls. This station with a range radio telegraphy of 80 kilometers with a fleet of 14 ships at sea and with . The radio waves from the antenna at top are applied through a resonant circuit consisting of a coil and tuning capacitor (CV) to the coherer (A). The coherer tube is in a series circuit with a 1.5V battery and a sensitive relay (R). When a radio wave arrives, the tube becomes conducting, and the relay closes a contact in a second circuit which contains a Morse paper tape recorder (E) and an electromagnet "decoherer" or "trembler" (F). The recorder registers the signal on the tape, while the arm of the electromagnet (B) lightly taps the coherer. This disturbs the metal filings, returning the coherer to its nonconducting state so it is prepared to detect the next radio symbol. In actual operation, if the radio signal is still present when the decoherer taps the tube, the coherer immediately turns on again, causing another tap. The result is a continuous tapping or "trembling" of the electromagnet arm during the duration of each incoming Morse code symbol.
context_page_description: Camille Papin Tissot was a French naval officer and pioneer of wireless telegraphy who established the first French operational radio connections at sea.
context_section_description: In 1896, when the work of Lodge and of Marconi concerning wireless telegraphy was still little known, Tissot undertook parallel and independent research. He built apparatus for radio experiments with the assistance of E. Branly and of the manufacturer Eugene Ducretet for whom later he will develop apparatus.
  On 3 August 1898, Tissot demonstrates the first French operational radio connection at sea, covering 800 meters between "BORDERED" and an on-shore semaphore station. Convinced, the Minister of Marine on 6 August agrees to finance purchase of material to allow him to continue his tests. With this apparatus Camille Tissot in 1899 organized a large trial run and demonstrates communications by radio, initially between various points of the roads of Brest and the Saint Martin church, then to the islands Vierge (Plouguerneau) and Stiff (Ushant).
  In 1898 he also established radio contact to the island of Ouessant. This station will become Ushant radio station,  with call sign FFU ( French Fixe of Ushant),  which is active there until 1943.
  In 1899, Tissot published a report describing his work and experiments through the roads of Brest. In 1900, Tissot equipped the French Navy with its first radio apparatus.
  In 1902, the station Ushant TSF is established with a radio operator, receiver with coherer, and an arc transmitter. This station had a radio telegraphy range of 80 kilometers with a fleet of 14 ships at sea and with Brest.
  In 1904 the Ouessant radio station with call sign FFU  carried out radiotelegraphic connections on 600 meters with a fleet of passenger ships.
  From 1905, Tissot made very thorough studies on the detection of radio signals. Following these tests, Tissot showed the possibility of using radio to transmit a time signal and to regulate the chronometers of the ships at sea. The Bureau des Longitudes started daily time signal service starting in May 1910.
  In 1907, Tissot conceived, with F Pellin, a Crystal radio without tiresome adjustment to receive signals aboard ships.
  In 1911, his technical expertise was required by a committee of French industrialists carried out by E Girardeau, during the series of lawsuits between the Marconi Company and French radio companies.  With the occasion of these lawsuits, Tissot and Férrié in particular sought to show certain faults of patent 77777 of Marconi, but also the priority of experiments of certain French scientists, like Eugene Ducretet. Marconi won the lawsuit, but the decision of the court, which gave the Marconi the right to replace the French material by material made by Marconi, will never be applied in France.
  During the First World War, Tissot made several stays at Bizerte, to equip ships with radio and to work on detection of underwater sound.
  Commander Tissot died in October 1917 of pulmonary tuberculosis and influenza. He was buried in the military square of the cemetery of Arcachon. He was an Officer of the Legion of Honor, and Officer of the State education.
caption: In 1902 Tissot used a coherer receiver of this type at the lighhouse at Ushant, communicating over a range of 80 kilometers.
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