page_title: Maar
section_title: Eifel maars
hierarchical_section_title: Maar / Examples / Germany / Eifel maars
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: 3 Dauner Maare (Gemündener, Weinfelder, Schalkenmehrener). Die 75 Maare der Eifel, darunter 9 wassergefüllte, sind das klassische Maargebiet der Erde. Auch in europäischen und außereuropäischen Ländern gibt es maarbildende Vulkane. English: 3 waterfilled maars in the Eifel, Germany. „Dauner Maare“ (Gemündener Maar, Weinfelder Maar, SchalkenmehrenerMaar). The Eifel has 75 maars, 9 thereof are waterfilled. Eifel-Maars are the classical example worldwide. Volcanos, generating maars (the phreatomagmatic eruption type) are also found in other parts of Europe and on other continents.
context_page_description: A maar is a broad, low-relief volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption. A maar characteristically fills with water to form a relatively shallow crater lake which may also be called a maar. The name comes from a Moselle Franconian dialect word used for the circular lakes of the Daun area of Germany.
  Maars are shallow, flat-floored craters that scientists interpret as having formed above diatremes as a result of a violent expansion of magmatic gas or steam; deep erosion of a maar presumably would expose a diatreme. Maars range in size from 60 to 8,000 m across and from 10 to 200 m deep; most maars commonly fill with water to form natural lakes. Most maars have low rims composed of a mixture of loose fragments of volcanic rocks and rocks torn from the walls of the diatreme.
context_section_description: In the Volcanic Eifel there are about 75 maars. These include water-filled maar lakes, but the great majority are dry maars. Both types, lake-filled maars and dry maars, are typical of the Volcanic Eifel. The last eruptions took place at least 11,000 years ago and many maars in the Eifel are clearly older. For this reason many are very heavily eroded and their shapes and volcanic features are not as obvious as those of more recent or even active maars elsewhere in the early. Nevertheless, the maars of the Eifel are well preserved.
caption: The three maars at Daun (from front to rear): the Gemündener, Weinfelder and Schalkenmehrener Maar
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