page_title: FLORAKO
section_title: Technology
hierarchical_section_title: FLORAKO / Technology
caption_attribution_description: Antenna of a FLORAKO flight operations, radar and command system in the alps. These systems have a range of over 400 km and are installed at fixed locations on several higher mountains. This facility is located at about 2800 m ASL. They are used for controlling the Swiss airspace and for coordination of civil and military air traffic. The exact locations are officially classified. Switzerland, Jan 27, 2011.
context_page_description: FLORAKO is a Swiss radar system for military and civil aviation. The acronym stands for FLORIDA radar replacement air radar system capable communication system in the initial phase of the project meant the name FLORES RALUS KOMSYS and emerged from the project name of the sub-systems. There are four surface to air missile tubes located on the site.
context_section_description: The FLORAKO radar system is used for air defense. It consists of an air surveillance radar in semiconductor technology, and a secondary radar subsystem for simulation. The 3D objective FLORAKO provides real-time information, correlated with the secondary radar data over a wide detection area. The FLORAKO constantly works with 15 Rpm rotating phased array antenna.
  At least one of these Command, Control, and Communications (C3) facilities is always connected to the Air Defense & Direction Center (the ADDC or air ops center) at Dübendorf and fully operational on-line on a 24/7 basis, controlling Swiss airspace. Depending on the international situation, more facilities will be manned up; in case of crisis or war (ADDC and 4 facilities operational) the coverage will be extended far beyond the Swiss boundaries. Each of these AirOps facilities is capable of making all battle management decisions in case the ADDC or the other AirOps facilities might be eliminated.
  Operational lifetime of this hi-tech system is guaranteed by its manufacturers for at least 25 years. The system consists of:
  A communication system KOMSYS. Integrating element of all geographically divided parts of the FLORAKO system uniting speech, data communications, and system commands in a single data network. So it is possible with the IDS / Link-16 to exchange radardatas with the FLORAKO and the Link-16 equipped aircraft. so a fighter Pilot has a 360° Radarcoverage or a Fighter can transmit his radartracks piket up in a narrow valley who is in the radarshadow of the FLORAKO radars. The Swiss Link 16 and FLORAKO can, if needed, collaborate with foreign Link-16 equipped aircraft (for e.g. French Boeing E-3 Sentry AWACS), provided a similar MIDS (Multifunctional Information Distribution System) keycode is used.
  A radar station FLORES. Consisting of standard high-power search radars, advanced radars (search mode, high-update ratio, and special functions), and civil authority monopulse secondary radars. The 4 radar stations are the main data sources and are complemented by existing military and civil radar data.
  A radar layer-system RALUS. Translating the data automatically into flight paths and producing a complete civil-military air picture for all authorities.
  A warning message system LUNAS-EZ. AirOps Centers are the combining factors between the FLORAKO-system with real-time data (air picture, planning, and environmental data) and its military users. Workstations are identically configured and built accordingly to latest ergonomics, state of the art visual colour hi-res technology, menu guidance, and known user environment. The Dübendorf Air Defense & Direction Center – as well as the air operations units in the Alps – are equally equipped, thus assuring full-time operational redundancy in
  producing the actual airpicture
  permanent defence of Swiss airspace
  early warning
  command and control
  air policing
  coordination of civil and military air traffic
  The Military-Civil Airspace Management System MICAMS. This secondary system provides a computing backup for flexible airspace use for both civil and military flight security.
  The radar system may eventually be completed by mobile TAFLIR (TAktische FLIeger Radars - Tactical Flight Radars). These AN/MPQ-64 radars are a variant of the Northrop Grumman AN/TPS-75 and are deployable in areas of difficult terrain or where specific coverage is needed. Peacetime TAFLIR deployment locations are at Dübendorf and Emmen. In time of crisis or at war they can be deployed anywhere. The FLORAKO is a modified version of the requirements for Swiss radars Master A and Master M from Thales. In addition to the data of the FLORAKO radar stations and the data of the mobile TAFLIR radars and civil Skyguide radar data can be fed into the FLORAKO system. The armasuisse, an independent branch of the MoD, operates a special equipped  Pilatus PC-12 with the civil immatriculation HB-FOG to calibrate the radars, MIDS Link-16 and Radiocomunication of the FLORAKO system.
  Specifications Master M
  frequency range = S-band
  pulse repetition = classified
  pu
caption: FLORAKO secondary radar
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