page_title: Witland
hierarchical_section_title: Witland
caption_attribution_description: English: Folding engraved map published in: Daines Barrington (ed./transl.), King Ælfred’s Orosius: The Anglo-Saxon Version, from the Historian Orosius. By Ælfred the Great. Together with an English Translation from the Anglo-Saxon. London: printed by W. Bowyer and J. Nichols: and sold by S. Baker and G. Leigh; T. Payne; and B. White, 1773, II, after p. 260. Drawn up by Johann Reinhold Forster and his son Georg Forster (uncredited, see: Johann Reinhold Forster, Geschichte der Entdeckungen und Schiffahrten im Norden. Frankfurt an der Oder: Carl Gottlieb Strauß, 1784, pp. XIII–XIV, and: Walter Goffart, Historical Atlases: The First Three Hundred Years, 1570–1870. Chicago/London: The University of Chicago Press, 2003, pp. 197, 200). Engraved by John Bayly. Republished, with some corrections, as “Karte von Europa zur Erläuterung der Erdbeschreibung des Mittel Alters, und von König Alfred’s Angel Säxischer Uebersetzung des Orosius. von Johann Reinhold Forster” in: Forster, op. cit. English version, “A Map of Europe for the Illustration of the Geography of the Middle Age and of King Alfred’s Anglo-Saxon translation of Orosius. by John Reinhold Forster”, engraved by Thomas Bowen, published in: John Reinhold Forster, History of the Voyages and Discoveries Made in the North. London: printed for G G. J. and J. Robinson, 1786, after p. 74. Description of the map (Barrington, op. cit., I, p. xxiv): "I have therefore annexed a map, which contains the names of most of the Europæan places mentioned in this geographical chapter, and have also traced the voyage of Ohthere and Wulfstan, in these Northern Seas. […] The pricked line describes Ohthere’s voyage, from Halgoland to the Cwen Sea, and back again; after which, he is supposed to sail for Sciringe’s-Heal, whence he went to Heathum. The plain line traces Wulfstan’s voyage, from Hæthum to Truso. The numbers in Roman capitals shew the places where these travellers stopped, after so many days sail. All the names of countries and towns, to the Northward of the Mediterranean, are in this map spelt precisely according to the Anglo-Saxon Orthography. I might, indeed, have inserted some additional places, mentioned in other parts of the Version; but as they are only taken notice of transiently, without any boundaries, there is, in most instances, only a very wide field for conjectures. As I advanced in the Translation also, I thought upon the whole it might render the English Version more intelligible, if I conformed to the more common orthography, both of places and persons."
context_page_description: Witland is a seldom-used name for a historical region in the south-east Baltic region inhabited by Prussians, called Estum in the text of Wulfstan. The name appears in King Alfred's adapted version of Orosius, in which the traveller Wulfstan's accounts were incorporated.
  According to Wulfstan, "the Vistula is a very large river, and near it lie Witland and Weonodland; and Witland belongs to the Esthonians."
  According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, in 1022, King Canute set sail for Isle of Wight. Some historians argue that the "Wiht/Wihtlande" in this case is actually Witland.
context_section_description: Witland is a seldom-used name for a historical region in the south-east Baltic region inhabited by Prussians (Aestii), called Estum in the text of  Wulfstan. The name appears in King Alfred's adapted version of Orosius, in which the traveller Wulfstan's accounts were incorporated. 
  According to Wulfstan, "the Vistula is a very large river, and near it lie Witland and Weonodland (Wendland); and Witland belongs to the Esthonians."
  According to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, in 1022, King Canute set sail for Isle of Wight (Old English: Wiht/Wihtlande). Some historians argue that the "Wiht/Wihtlande" in this case is actually Witland.
caption: A Map of Europe for the Illustration of King Alfred's Anglo-Saxon translation of Orosius. Engraved by J. Bayly.1773.
exif: {"Image ImageWidth": "3254", "Image ImageLength": "3220", "Image BitsPerSample": "[8, 8, 8]", "Image PhotometricInterpretation": "2", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image SamplesPerPixel": "3", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS5 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2014:02:11 08:48:37", "Image Artist": "1996-2004 AccuSoft Co., All rights reserved", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Co-sited", "Image ExifOffset": "296", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "562", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "10366", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "3254", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "3220"}