page_title: Political status of Taiwan
section_title: Position of other countries and international organizations
hierarchical_section_title: Political status of Taiwan / Question of sovereignty over Taiwan / Position of other countries and international organizations
caption_attribution_description: 中文: 美国总统艾森豪威尔于1960年6月18-19日访问台湾省台北市时，与蒋中正总统搭乘敞篷车前往圆山行馆途中接受热情群众夹道欢迎，周围由宪兵摩托车连护卫警戒。将总统与总统夫人宋美龄亲赴松山机场迎接，艾森豪威尔总统于傍晚在总统府前广场对50万群众发表演说。两国总统发表联合公报，稳固邦谊，谴责中共对金门隔日炮击的恶行，也依照1954年的《中美共同防御条约》继续保卫台澎金马。艾森豪威尔与蒋中正在第二次世界大战中分别担任欧洲及中国战区的盟军统帅，艾森豪威尔在1943年随富兰克林·罗斯福总统参加开罗会议，曾会晤中华民国代表，国民政府军事委员会委员长蒋中正伉俪。中文（繁體）‎: 美國總統艾森豪於1960年6月18-19日訪問臺灣省臺北市時與蔣中正總統搭敞篷車前往圓山行館途中接受熱情群眾夾道歡迎，周遭由憲兵機車連維護警戒。蔣總統與蔣夫人宋美齡親赴松山機場迎接, 艾森豪總統並於傍晚在總統府前廣場對50萬群眾發表演說。兩國總統發表聯合公報, 穩固邦誼，譴責中共對金門隔日砲擊之惡行，也依1954年的《中美共同防禦條約》繼續保衛台澎金馬。艾森豪與蔣中正在第二次世界大戰中分別擔任歐洲及中國戰區的盟軍統帥, 艾帥並曾於1943年隨小羅斯福總統參加開羅會議, 會見過中華民國代表國民政府軍事委員會委員長蔣中正伉儷。English: With President Chiang Kai-shek of the Republic of China, the U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower waved hands to Taiwanese people during his visit to Taipei, Taiwan in June 1960. The two Presidents issued a Joint Communique reaffirming solidarity, stating that, according to the 1954 Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty, Kinmen and Matsu islands were closely related to the defense of Taiwan, and condemning the Communist China's artillery bombardment against Kinmen. Chiang was the Supreme Commander of Allied forces in the China war zone while Eisenhower was the Supreme Allied Commander Europe. Chiang met President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill at the Cairo Conference in 1943 while Eisenhower also attended the meeting.
context_page_description: The controversy regarding the political status of Taiwan, sometimes referred to as the Taiwan Issue or Taiwan Strait Issue, or from a Taiwanese perspective as the Mainland Issue, is a result of the Chinese Civil War and the subsequent split of China into the two present-day self-governing entities of the People's Republic of China and the Republic of China.
  The issue hinges on whether the islands of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, and Matsu should remain the territory of the ROC as an effectively separate self-governing entity; become part of the PRC under the existing communist government; convert the ROC to a new "Republic of Taiwan"; unite with the mainland under the ROC government; or merge with the mainland under newly-formed alternative government.
  This controversy also concerns whether the existence and legal status as a sovereign state of both the ROC and the PRC is legitimate as a matter of international law.
  Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu, and some other minor islands effectively make up the jurisdiction of the state with the official name of the Republic of China but commonly known as "Taiwan".
context_section_description: Because of anti-communist sentiment at the start of the Cold War, the Republic of China was initially recognized as the sole legitimate government of China by the United Nations and most Western nations. On 9 January 1950, the Israeli government extended recognition to the People's Republic of China. United Nations General Assembly Resolution 505, passed on 1 February 1952 considered the Chinese communists to be rebels against the Republic of China. However, the 1970s saw a switch in diplomatic recognitions from the ROC to the PRC. On 25 October 1971, Resolution 2758 was passed by the UN General Assembly, which "decides to restore all its rights to the People's Republic of China and to recognize the representatives of its Government as the only legitimate representatives of China to the United Nations, and to expel forthwith the representatives of Chiang Kai-shek from the place which they unlawfully occupy at the United Nations and in all the organizations related to it."  Multiple attempts by the Republic of China to rejoin the UN, no longer to represent all of China but just the people of the territories it governs, have not made it past committee, largely due to diplomatic maneuvering by the PRC, which claims Resolution 2758 has settled the matter. (See China and the United Nations.)
  The PRC refuses to maintain diplomatic relations with any nation that recognizes the ROC, but does not object to nations conducting economic, cultural, and other such exchanges with Taiwan that do not imply diplomatic relation. Therefore, many nations that have diplomatic relations with Beijing maintain quasi-diplomatic offices in Taipei. Similarly, the government in Taiwan maintains quasi-diplomatic offices in most nations under various names, most commonly as the Taipei Economic and Cultural Office.
  The United States of America is one of the main allies of Taiwan and, since the Taiwan Relations Act passed in 1979, the United States has sold arms and provided military training to the Republic of China Armed Forces. This situation continues to be a point of contention for China, which considers US involvement disruptive to the stability of the region. In January 2010, the Obama administration announced its intention to sell $6.4 billion worth of military hardware to Taiwan. As a consequence, China threatened the United States with economic sanctions and warned that their cooperation on international and regional issues could suffer. The official position of the United States is that China is expected to "use no force or threat[en] to use force against Taiwan" and that Taiwan is to "exercise prudence in managing all aspects of Cross-Strait relations." Both are to refrain from performing actions or espousing statements "that would unilaterally alter Taiwan's status." The United States maintains the American Institute in Taiwan.
  The United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, India, Pakistan and Japan have formally adopted the One China policy, under which the People's Republic of China is theoretically the sole legitimate government of China. However, the United States and Japan acknowledge rather than recognize the PRC position that Taiwan is part of China. In the case of Canada and the UK, bilateral written agreements state that the two respective parties take note of Beijing's position but do not use the word support. The UK government position that "the future of Taiwan be decided peacefully by the peoples of both sides of the Strait" has been stated several times. Despite the PRC claim that the United States opposes Taiwanese independence, the United States takes advantage of the subtle difference between "oppose" and "does not support". In fact, a substantial majority of the statements Washington has made says that it "does not support Taiwan independence" instead of saying that it "opposes" independence. Thus, the US currently does not take a position on the political outcome, except for one explicit condition that there be a peaceful resolution to the differences between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. The United States bi-partis
caption: With President Chiang Kai-shek, the U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower waved hands to Taiwanese people during his visit to Taipei, Taiwan in June 1960.
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