page_title: Bandera Volcano Ice Cave
section_title: Geology
hierarchical_section_title: Bandera Volcano Ice Cave / Geology
caption_attribution_description: Ice cave sign, New Mexico
context_page_description: Bandera Volcano Ice Cave, also known as Zuni Ice Cave, is a collapsed lava tube cave in New Mexico with an internal temperature significantly less than above-ground summertime ambient temperature; it contains perennial ice. The inside temperatures can fluctuate between −1 and 10 °C. Some areas of the caves never reach above freezing. For years, local people used the cave to store food.
context_section_description: The lava tube was formed during the Bandera Crater eruption sometime between 9,500 and 10,900 years ago, during one of the many basaltic eruptions  in the Zuni-Bandera volcanic field over the past million years (Laughlin et al., 1993). The crater's cinder cone is 900-feet high reaching 8,309 feet above sea level.
  The eruption produced numerous formations in addition to lava tubes including a cinder cone, collapse pits, spatter cones and spine. The type of lava is ʻAʻā  which is more viscous than pāhoehoe. There are many lava tubes and several ice caves in the area including Giant Ice Cave. One has been developed commercial ice cave near the Candelaria Trading Post. Some of the lava tubes in the area are as more than 17 miles in length.
caption: Ice Cave and Bandera Volcano
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