page_title: German Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine Radar Equipment of World War II
section_title: Freya & similar units
hierarchical_section_title: German Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine Radar Equipment of World War II / Medium Range Search / Freya & similar units
caption_attribution_description: English: Freya Fahrstuhl (or elevator), an experimental version to experiment with different beam directions resulting from a variation of antenna heigth above ground Deutsch: Freya Fahrstuhl, Versuchsanordnug zum experimentieren mit Richtstrahl-Verschiebungen als Funktion der Höhe über Grund
context_page_description: German Luftwaffe and Navy Kriegsmarine Radar Equipment during World War II, relied on an increasingly diverse array of communications, IFF and RDF equipment for its function. Most of this equipment received the generic prefix FuG, meaning "radio equipment". During the war, Germany renumbered their radars. From using the year of introduction as their number they moved to a different numbering scheme.
context_section_description: FuMG 450 Freya / FuMG 41G: This was a 2D Early warning radar. (2D means unable to indicate height). It was used for fighter direction and target indication for the Würzburg. Operating wavelength of approx 2.4 meters (125 MHz). In response to jamming various models were developed to operate on various frequencies called "Islands". Over 1000 units delivered in various models
  FuMG 401 / FMG 42 FREYA - LZ (Models A - D). An Air portable version, the model differences were due to an operating frequency range being in 4 descrete bands between 91 and 200 MHz.
  Freya-Rotschwarz and Freya-Grünschwarz: These two systems were Freya modified to operate on the same frequency as the British radio navigation system GEE to avoid jamming. However, as by the time they were ready the Germans were jamming GEE it is not clear whether any were ever deployed.
  FuMG 451 A Freya Flamme: Freya which had been built to use the "Island D" band were modified to be able to trigger the British IFF equipment. Ranges of up to 450 km were obtained. Fell from use as British IFF procedures improved.
  FuMG 401 Freya Fahrstuhl: A 3D version of the Fraya. (3D means could measure height). Measurements made by moving the antenna up and down on a rack. Only a very rough estimation of height available. originally intended for early warning most of the systems produced went to help "jammed" Würzburg
  Freya EGON: EGON stood for Erstling Gemse Offensive Navigation system. Where Erstling was the codename of the Fug25a transceiver in the aircraft and Gemse was the codename for the receiver. The system operated on a principle similar to the British OBOE navigation system. An IFF signal was sent from a Freya, that had had its receiver antenna removed, to the aircraft. The Fug25a in the aircraft responded and the received signal was displayed as a range offset on the Freya display. Using a second transmitter and triangulation the position of the aircraft was resolved. Though the system was tested to guide night fighters it was found to be to limited by the number of aircraft that it could control at one time (the same limitation was found with Oboe). The "Y system" was used instead for night fighter control. The EGON system was used to control pathfinders for bombing raids over both England and Russia, however by now the Luftwaffe bomber force was running out of planes, pilots and fuel so the results were minimal. Work was done  using a third transmitter to improve system performance. Range with a normal Freya was up to 250 km, work was underway to use a Wasserman system instead of a Freya to increase range too 350 km. (the Freya signal was to weak to trigger the Fug25a at ranges beyond 250 km), but this was not completed.
caption: FuMG 401 "Freya-Fahrstuhl"
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