page_title: 1820s
section_title: South America
hierarchical_section_title: 1820s / Politics and wars / South America
context_page_description: The 1820s was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1820, and ended on December 31, 1829.
  It saw the rise of the First Industrial Revolution. Photography, rail transport, and the textile industry were among those that largely developed and grew prominent over the decade, as technology advanced significantly. European colonialism began gaining ground in Africa and Asia, and trade between the Qing Dynasty began to open up more towards foreign traders, particularly those from Europe. As European imperialism gained momentum, opposition from affected/exploited societies resulted, with wars such as the Java War and the Greek War of Independence. Resistance in the form of separatism and nationalism led to the independence of many countries around the world, such as Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia.
caption: La Batalla de Carabobo by Martín Tovar y Tovar, depicting the Battle of Carabobo, in which Simón Bolívar secured Venezuela's independence from Spain in 1821
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