page_title: Ural Automotive Plant
section_title: Early history
hierarchical_section_title: Ural Automotive Plant / History / Early history
caption_attribution_description: Русский: ЗиС-5 в Техническом музее Тольятти.English: ZiC-5 in Technical museum Togliatti
context_page_description: The Urals Automotive Plant, an Open Stock Company, is a major Russian manufacturer of off-road trucks under the Ural brand. Located in the city of Miass, Chelyabinsk Oblast in the Ural Mountains. The plant was established in 1941; when the ZiS truck plant was evacuated from Moscow during World War II.
context_section_description: In the autumn of 1941, Soviet leaders decided to build a plant for the manufacturing of military trucks, and it was named Ural Automotive Plant.
  Since April 1942, the factory has produced primarily engines and gearboxes. On July 8, 1944 the first truck ZIS-5V was built under the brand UralZIS. The new factory became the Ural branch of ZIS UralZIS. At the End of World War II in Europe, the ZIS-5 was considered simple and robust, and thus remained in production for many years. It was not until 1947 that the factory started to manufacture updated models.
  In 1946, the production version of the gas-21A UralZIS 2.5t began fabrication. The truck was produced under the brand UralZIS-352. In 1949, the 5th version of UralZIS was equipped with hydraulic brakes.
  A new model, the UralZIS-355, was released in 1956. However, in 1958, the new version of the ZIS-5 was made available for deliveries to Kazakhstan and remained in production until October 16, 1963 as an AMO-3 bypass Fiat.
  The Scientific Institute of Automotive Standardization of Moscow had been working on a new SUV. Production of this type of truck had been assigned to the Ural factory – UralAZ – who got the brand new Ural. The factory had been rebuilt since 1961 and production of the Ural-375 (6x6) 5 t for the army was intensified. For this truck, a new engine was developed.
  The 1960s were a period of great success for the brand UralAZ which won, for its quality products in large quantities, the Order of the Red Banner of Labour. UralAZ celebrated the total production of 530,000 trucks and 1.3 mln engines. In 1972 and 1975 the two vehicles appeared Ural-375H-377H and the Ural. The manufacture of 6x4 versions continued until 1983.
  In 1977, a new 5-tonne truck Ural-4320 was created. KamAZ petrol engine replaced the Ural-375-740 V8 diesel KamAZ (10852 cm³, 210HP). In 1981, based on a 4320 model truck 8 t the Ural-5920 was presented with a Caterpillar engine.
  In 1987, UralAZ celebrated its millionth truck. Governmental industry reorganization and economic reforms forced UralAZ to become a private limited company and turn to the production of civilian vehicles. The models 43204 and 55571 emerged due to this.
  Since June 1992 production of 6 t truck Ural-4322 (6x6) started with a new more contemporary cabin. It was equipped with the Ural-744 air cooled V8 engine with an output of 234 HP, diesel Kustanay (KDZ), a manufacturer of Deutz engines under license.
  A fire occurred in the spring of 1993 at the KamAZ engine plant that seriously disrupted production. As a result, the company had to look for engine suppliers.
  UralAZ was traditionally oriented only to Russian companies, but began a collaboration with the Italian manufacturer Iveco in 1992 (see “Iveco-UralAZ collaboration”). The first result of this joint venture model was presented in May of that year, which was the UralAZ-330-18t Iveco 30ANW (6x6) with a 306 HP, air-cooled diesel engine and its Iveco chassis being imported.
  The creation of the JV-UralAZ IVECO in 1994 allowed the small series production of the range of previously imported heavy trucks. The production of advanced IVECO cabins began in 1997.
  UralAZ, like all Russian manufacturers, traditionally maintains a wide range for military off-road drive permanent. Besides the military versions of 43,206 trucks (4x4) and 4320-31 (6x6), UralAZ continuous production of 9 t trucks Ural-5323 (8x8).
  Since 1997, military vehicles also provide the basis for civilian versions – universal frame of 15-t 53236 for the installation of special equipment. The truck 5323-22 (8x8) has cabins and advanced IVECO IVECO engine with two berths.
  That same year the 6301 chassis (6x6) with the same cabin was presented with a payload of 10 t. As desired by the buyer, it is possible to install a V6 diesel engine Deutz liquid cooled with a capacity of 272,240 HP, the KamAZ-740.et gearboxes UralAZ, Eaton and Fuller.
  Currently, the future of UralAZ is closely related to the creation of new models. UralAZ has a production capacity of 30,000 trucks. Dependent of the evolution of the Russian market, prod
caption: UralAZ-produced ZIS-5 in Togliatti Technical Museum
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