page_title: Cesáreo Sanz Escartín
section_title: Settled
hierarchical_section_title: Cesáreo Sanz Escartín / Settled
caption_attribution_description: English: Toledo
context_page_description: Romualdo Cesáreo Sanz Escartín was a Spanish Carlist politician and military leader. He is known mostly as a longtime Cortes member, first as a deputy and later as a senator, in both cases representing Navarre. In 1918-1919 he briefly served as provisional leader of Carlist political structures in Spain.
context_section_description: Sanz's exile did not last long. At unspecified time though prior to the summer of 1877 he returned to Spain, settling back in Toledo. As a discharged officer he was not entitled to military pension; he decided to make a living banking on his teaching and wartime experience as an infantry commander.
  The Toledo Colegio Militár de Infantería, set up by Ministry of Defense in 1850 as the key military education establishment, following a brief period in Madrid returned to Toledo in 1876, renamed as Academia. Located in iconic Alcázar premises and admitting hundreds of officer hopefuls every year it became not only a city landmark, but also exercised enormous influence on local life, with massive impact in terms of lodging, transportation, services and production, all geared to address the academy needs. The Infantry Academy gave rise also to private schools, supposed to prepare candidates to pass the Academia entry exams; during last decades of the 19th century there were 5-8 such establishments operating. It was one of such schools that Sanz Escartín opened himself.
  Named Academia Preparatoria, Colegio de Preparación, Colegio General Militar or simply Academia-Colegio, the school was first located at Puerta Llana, then moving to two adjacent buildings at Bajada del Pozo Amargo. Its exact opening year is unclear; some of its later notes claimed it had operated since 1875, though first press adverts targeting new candidates can be traced back to 1877. Invariably featuring Sanz as the director, the school kept recruiting at least until the early 20th century. It is not clear whether lack of press adverts in mid-1890s is indicative of the school temporarily closing or quite to the contrary, acquiring a prestigious status which did not require commercial marketing. Though press adverts did not exploit the Carlist wartime record of its director, parents of similar political leaning used to favor Sanz's college over similar schools; that was the case of Ignacio Hidalgo de Cisneros, the future commander of Republican Air Force, who as a boy was sent from his native Vitoria to Toledo.
  Sanz's educational establishment seems to have worked well; in 1905 it claimed that 267 of its alumni had passed the Infantry Academy entry exams so far, some of them admitted as "numero uno" in their respective classes. Also independent contemporary commentators noted that in terms of military education Sanz was "greatly successful". At least periodically the college employed some teaching staff, though it is not clear whether Sanz remained an owner-manager or whether he taught himself; the latter is not unlikely, as some sources refer to him as "gran matemático". With some 30 years of teaching record, in the early 20th century the college gained a firm status and its owner emerged as one of established city figures. In the 1910s Sanz entered the Toledan Asociación de Misiones Pedagógicas and became a member of its Junta Directiva. It is not clear in what circumstances and when exactly the college closed. Its last commercial note identified comes from 1911.
caption: Academia de Infantería, 1880s
exif: {}