page_title: Trondheim
section_title: Climate
hierarchical_section_title: Trondheim / Geography / Climate
caption_attribution_description: English: Norwegian boreal forest in early winter. At some 350 meter (1100 ft) above sea level in the hills near Trondheim (Norway) the spruce trees are slim and grows in a spike shape, common in taiga forest. Norsk bokmål: Norsk boreal granskog ca 350 meter over havet i Trondheim kommune. Trærne har en slank og spiss form.
context_page_description: Trondheim, historically Kaupangen, Nidaros and Trondhjem, is a city and municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It has a population of 199,039, and is the third most populous municipality in Norway, although the fourth largest urban area. Trondheim lies on the south shore of Trondheim Fjord at the mouth of the River Nidelva. The city is dominated by the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, the Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research, St. Olavs University Hospital and other technology-oriented institutions.
  The settlement was founded in 997 as a trading post, and it served as the capital of Norway during the Viking Age until 1217. From 1152 to 1537, the city was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Nidaros; since then, it has remained the seat of the Lutheran Diocese of Nidaros and the Nidaros Cathedral. It was incorporated in 1838. The current municipality dates from 1964, when Trondheim merged with Byneset, Leinstrand, Strinda and Tiller.
  The city functions as the seat of the County Mayor of Trøndelag county, but not as the administrative centre, which is Steinkjer.
context_section_description: Trondheim city has an oceanic climate or humid continental climate, depending on the winter threshold used (0 °C or -3 °C). The part of the municipality further away from the fjord has colder winters. The part close to the fjord, such as the city centre, has milder winters. Trondheim is mostly sheltered from the strong south and southwesterly winds which can occur along the outer seaboard. Trondheim experiences moderate snowfall from November to March, but mixed with mild weather and rainfall. Based on the 1971–2000 average recorded at the airport, there are 14 days each winter with at least 25 cm (10 in) of snow cover on the ground and 22 days with a daily minimum temperature of −10 °C (14 °F) or less. There is often more snow and later snowmelt in suburban areas at somewhat higher elevation, such as Byåsen and Heimdal, with good skiing conditions in Bymarka. Spring often sees much sunshine, but nights can be chilly. Temperatures have tended to be warmer in recent years. The Trøndelag area has seen average temperatures increase by almost 2 °C (3.6 °F) in the last 25 years.
  All the monthly record lows are from 1955 or older, with half of them from before 1920. The all-time high was recorded 22 July 1901, and the all-time low in February 1899. The most exceptional record is the May record low −9.6 °C (15 °F) from 1900, 3.7 °C colder than the second coldest May night. The earliest weather stations were located closer to the city centre (Trondheim, 58 m), but from 1945 the only weather station has been located further form the centre and at a higher elevation (Voll, 127 m and Tyholt, 113 m) thus at a colder location. The lapse rate is approximately 0.7 °C (1.3 °F) per 100 m (328 ft), so the city centre at 10 m asl will be about 0.8 °C (1.4 °F) warmer than Voll, while higher altitudes than Voll will be accordingly colder.
  Three of the monthly record highs are from after 2000. From 1982 - 1993 the city had weather station at Tyholt (113 m) while Voll was not operational. 
  Temperatures have warmed in recent decades. The last overnight frost in June was in 1958, and the coldest night in May after year 2000 had low -2.7 °C.
  A new sunrecorder was established by met.no in the city at Gløshaugen in late 2015, and recorded 1,592 sunhours in 2016, 1,576 sunhours in 2017, 1,705 sunhours in 2018 and 1649 sunhours in 2019. Earlier sunrecorders had blocking issues due to terrain.
caption: Early winter in the hills near the city. Trondheim municipality covers large areas outside the city itself.
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