page_title: Treaty of London (1915)
section_title: Terms
hierarchical_section_title: Treaty of London (1915) / Terms
caption_attribution_description: Map of Tirol-Südtirol-Trentino
context_page_description: The Treaty of London, or, less correctly, the Pact of London, was a secret treaty between the Triple Entente and the Kingdom of Italy that brought Italy into World War I on the Allied side. It was signed in London on 26 April 1915 by Great Britain, France, Russia, and Italy. Its intent was to have Italy break away from its 33-year-old Triple Alliance with the German Empire and Austria-Hungary, both the main Central Powers in the war, and to switch its allegiance to the Triple Entente, the main Allies in the war. The main lure for Italy was a promise of large amounts of Austria-Hungary to the north of Italy and to the east across the Adriatic and the promise of funding by Britain. Italy, which had remained neutral for the first nine months of the war, promised to enter the war within a month.
  The Triple Alliance had never been popular with the 36 million Italians and had more recently been promoted by some politicians for realpolitik. Many provisions of the Treaty of London were meant to be kept secret for the rest of the war, but they were published by the Bolsheviks after they had come to power in Russia in late 1917.
context_section_description: According to the treaty, Italy was to leave the Triple Alliance and to join the Triple Entente. Italy was to declare war against the German Empire and Austria-Hungary within a month (Italy declared war against Austria-Hungary within a month but not against the German Empire until a year later, on August 27, 1916). Assuming its victory against Germany and its allies, the Triple Entente promised Italy the following territorial gains after the war(see Italia irredenta):
  Tyrol, up to the Alpine water divide at the Brenner Pass, which includes the what is now the Italian provinces of Trentino and Alto Adige (the latter being called "Cisalpine Tyrol").
  The entire Austrian Littoral, including Istria, the port of Trieste and the Cres-Lošinj archipelago but without the island of Krk (Veglia) and the Hungarian port of Rijeka.
  Northern Dalmatia, including Zadar, Šibenik and most of the Dalmatian islands except Rab and Brač.
  The districts of Vipava, Idrija and Ilirska Bistrica, in the Austrian Duchy of Carniola.
  The townships of Pontebba (Pontafel) and Malborghetto Valbruna (Malborgeth-Wolfsbach) in the Austrian Duchy of Carinthia.
  The Dodecanese Islands, held by Italy since 1912
  The port of Vlorë, in Albania
  A protectorate over Albania ("Italy should be entrusted with the task of representing the State of Albania in its relations with Foreign Powers")
  Small compensations in Africa if German colonies in Asia and Africa were occupied by Allies , particularly border adjustments between the existing Italian colonies and the British and French colonies.
  In the event of the partition of Ottoman Empire, Italy "ought to obtain a just share of the Mediterranean region adjacent to the province of Adalia"
  The Kingdom of Serbia, which was not present nor a signatory, was assigned:
  The Dalmatian Coast between the Krka and Stagno (Ston), including the Sabbioncello Peninsula (Pelješac), the port of Split, and the island of Brazza (Brač).
  The Kingdom of Montenegro, which was not present nor a signatory, was assigned:
  The Dalmatian Coast between Budua (Budva) and Stagno (Ston), including Ragusa (Dubrovnik) and Bocche di Cattaro (Boka Kotorska) but without the Sabbioncello (Pelješac) peninsula;
  The coast south to the Albanian port of Shengjin (San Giovanni di Medua).
  Also, but less precisely, Serbia was assigned:
  Bosnia and Herzegovina
  Syrmia
  Bačka
  Slavonia (against Italian objections)
  Some unspecified areas of Albania (to be divided among Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece).
  Italy insisted and the Allies agrees that the Adriatic Question, between Zara and Istria, should be settled after the war. Italy also insisted that Serbia should not be informed about the agreements. However, the Allies overruled that by sending an official note to Serbia on 4 August 1915, which confirmed the postwar territorial claims of Serbia and Montenegro.
  The treaty was to be kept secret, but after the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, it was published in November 1917 by the Russian Bolshevik journal Izvestia.
caption: Tyrol, partitioned in 1918, had parts that remained under the control of Austria and referred to as Nordtirol and Osttirol but were part of the Federal State of Tyrol.
exif: {}