page_title: Volvopluteus
section_title: Microscopic characters
hierarchical_section_title: Volvopluteus / Description / Microscopic characters
caption_attribution_description: English: Basidiospores of Volvopluteus gloiocephalus
context_page_description: Volvopluteus is a genus of small to medium-sized or big saprotrophic mushrooms growing worldwide. The genus has been segregated from Volvariella with which it shares some morphological characteristics such as the presence of a volva and a pink to pink-brown spore print. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA data have shown that Volvopluteus is closely related to Pluteus and both genera currently are classified in the family Pluteaceae, while Volvariella is not closely related to either genus and its position in the Agaricales is still uncertain.
context_section_description: The spores of  Volvopluteus are relatively large (above 11 µm in length), ellipsoid to oblong, relatively thick-walled and not amyloid or dextrinoid. Basidia are usually 4-spored but 2- and 1-spored versions can sometimes occur. Pleurocystidia and cheilocystidia might be present or absent, and this character as well as the size and shape of these structures, can be used for morphologically separating the different species of the genus. The pileipellis is an ixocutis composed of parallel hyphae embedded in a gelatinous matrix. The stipitipellis is a cutis and can be set with cylindrical caulocystidia. Clamp connections are absent from hyphae in all parts of the fruit body.
caption: Basidiospores of Volvopluteus gloiocephalus
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