page_title: Winifred Brenchley
section_title: Career
hierarchical_section_title: Winifred Brenchley / Career
caption_attribution_description: English: Botanist Winifred Brenchley working in her laboratory at Rothamsted Experimental Station
context_page_description: Winifred Elsie Brenchley OBE, DSc, FLS, FRES, an agricultural botanist who worked at the Rothamsted Research Station. Along with Katherine Warington, she demonstrated the role of boron as an essential micronutrient for plants. She was the first woman in the UK to break into the male-dominated sphere of agricultural science. She has been described as "perhaps Britain's leading authority on weeds in the early twentieth century".
context_section_description: The Gilchrist Scholarship took her to Rothamsted Experimental Station in Harpenden.  She was the first woman to work there in the 60 years of the laboratories' existence, and it was admitted that she was appointed 'because the funds available would not have attracted a suitable man'. At Rothamsted, where she was the only woman, a tradition of afternoon tea was established as it was considered appropriate for her by the rest of the male staff. It was this afternoon tea and a later woman scientist, Muriel Bristol, that inspired the famous work of R.A. Fisher, Lady tasting tea, on applying permutations in experiments. The quality of her work was soon apparent and after a year she became a permanent employee as head of the Botany Department, a post she held until her retirement at 65.
  Early on at Rothamsted, she demonstrated her technical skills, improving the technique for growing plants in water culture and coming close to discovering the essential role of copper and zinc in plant nutrition, as detailed in her book Inorganic Plant Poisons and Stimulents (1914, revised 1927).  Katherine Warington's discovery of boron's role as a micronutrient in 1923 and the subsequent investigations into the effects of boron is perhaps the best-known work from her laboratory.  Her other chief interest was in the ecology of weeds and in Weeds of Farmland (1920) she produced the first comprehensive scientific study of weeds in the UK.  Her work on the permanent Park Grass plots at Rothamsted resulted in another book Manuring of Grass Land for Hay (1924) describing how lime and fertilizers affect the botanical composition of grasslands.
  Brenchley was elected a Fellow of the Linnean Society in 1910.  In 1920, she became a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society.  She was closely associated with A D Imms with whom she collected in the field. Her main entomological interest was in the Lepidoptera. She was awarded the OBE in 1948, the year she retired.
caption: Brenchley working in her laboratory at Rothamsted Experimental Station
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