page_title: Standard (mail collar)
hierarchical_section_title: Standard (mail collar)
caption_attribution_description: English: St Mary's church - memorial brass On nave floor; this memorial brass depicts Robert Herward and dates from around 1480. St Mary's church is located a short distance outside the village of Aldborough, across the road from an extensive orchard on the Matlaske road. Originally an old, presumably Norman church, it has been much repaired since; the tower fell in the 18th century and was replaced by a bell turret in the 2oth century. The interior was restored and partly rebuilt in the mid 19th century by architect John Brown. The stained glass windows are 20th century also, some made by William Aikman in 1925, executed in the Arts and Crafts style &gt; https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/781912. The oldest survivals are the brasses on the nave floor, dating from the 1480s. The church is open every day. For more information see: http://www.norfolkchurches.co.uk/aldborough/aldborough.htm
context_page_description: A standard, also called a pizaine, was a collar of mail often worn with plate armour. It protected the throat and neck and usually extended over the shoulders; it was in use from the 14th to the 16th century. Unlike the similar aventail, it was not attached to a helmet. It was called a standard because the part encircling the neck and throat was able to stand upright without any external stiffening. This part of the standard was composed of links joined 6-in-1, which made it less flexible and also stronger; the usual, more flexible, ratio of mail linking was 4-in-1. The lower, shoulder-covering, part of the standard was of 4-in-1 linked mail. Some standards were decorated with edging in brass or bronze links, and/or were given a zig-zag lower edge. Standards were sometimes worn under an aventail, or even a gorget, for extra protection. However, standards were often worn without other neck protection by soldiers who valued an unencumbered facility to move the head over additional protection. Standards were popular with archers, whose mobility was at a premium.
context_section_description: A standard, also called a pizaine, was a collar of mail often worn with plate armour. It protected the throat and neck and usually extended over the shoulders; it was in use from the 14th to the 16th century. Unlike the similar aventail, it was not attached to a helmet. It was called a standard because the part encircling the neck and throat was able to stand upright without any external stiffening. This part of the standard was composed of links joined 6-in-1, which made it less flexible and also stronger; the usual, more flexible, ratio of mail linking was 4-in-1. The lower, shoulder-covering, part of the standard was of 4-in-1 linked mail. Some standards were decorated with edging in brass or bronze links (sometimes gilded), and/or were given a zig-zag lower edge (vandyked). Standards were sometimes worn under an aventail, or even a gorget, for extra protection. However, standards were often worn without other neck protection by soldiers who valued an unencumbered facility to move the head over additional protection. Standards were popular with archers, whose mobility was at a premium. Standards were frequently worn with helmets that did not afford integral neck and throat protection, such as the sallet, barbute, and kettle hat.
caption: Fully armoured man wearing a vandyked standard, English funerary brass c. 1480
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