page_title: Order of Saint Lazarus (statuted 1910)
section_title: 1910–1961
hierarchical_section_title: Order of Saint Lazarus (statuted 1910) / History / 1910–1961
caption_attribution_description: English: Francisco de Paula de Borbon y de la Torre, duke of Seville, grand of Spain
context_page_description: The Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem is a Christian ecumenical fraternal order statuted in 1910 by a council of Catholics in Paris, France, initially under the protection of Patriarch Cyril VIII Jaha of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church. In the 1920s it expanded its jurisdiction enrolling members from other countries in Europe and in the Americas. It re-established the office of grand master in 1935 linking the office to members of the Spanish royal family. It assumed an ecumenical dimension in the 1960s to expand its membership to individuals of other Christian denominations in British Commonwealth countries.
  Owing to an internal schism in 1969, the order became divided into two competing "obediences", known as the Malta Obedience and the Paris Obedience. In 2008, these rival obediences were reconciled and reunited into a single order once again, led by the late Grand Master Carlos Gereda y de Borbón, and with the Spiritual Protection of the Patriarch Gregorius III Laham of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church.
context_section_description: In 1910, a statute was promulgated by a Council of Officers composed of Catholics, subsequently including Paul Watrin, Anselme de la Puisaye, Alexandre Gallery de la Tremblaye, Charles Otzenberger-Detaille, as well as Polish Catholic priest John Tansky, among others. This statute explicitly placed the governance in the hands of the magistracy, whose decisions were sovereign and irrevocable, thus manifested as a laicised order, albeit with Patriarch Cyril VIII Jaha of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church as confirmed protector.
  The order continually attracted members from the French nobility. By the early 20th century, it was attracting knights from further afield, notably Spain and Poland.
  In 1935, Don Francisco de Borbón y de la Torre, Duke of Seville, Grand Bailiff of the order in Spain and Lieutenant-General of the Grand Magistracy since 1930, was appointed as Grand Master (allegedly authorised so by his cousin, King Alfonso XIII of Spain) – thus, according to the order's account, re-establishing the office, vacant since 1814 following the French Revolution. Francisco de Borbón y de la Torre remained Grand Master of the order from 1935 to 1952.
  Since then, Grand Masters from the House of Bourbon have continued at the helm of the order, except for a short interregnum, when the Grand Master belonged to the French Cossé-Brissac family. That occurred in 1969 with the election of the 12th Duke of Brissac as Grand Master, with the approval of the Count of Paris, head of the Royal House of France, solicited by the Patriarch Maximos V Hakim.
caption: Francisco de Borbón y de la Torre, Duke of Seville, 44th Grand Master (1935–1952).
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