page_title: Alexander Lipmann-Kessel
section_title: Battle of Arnhem
hierarchical_section_title: Alexander Lipmann-Kessel / Battle of Arnhem
caption_attribution_description: English: Former St Elizabeth Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands Deutsch: Früheres St. Elizabeth Krankenhaus in Arnhem, Niederlande
context_page_description: Lipmann Kessel, MBE, MC, FRCS, was a famous orthopaedic surgeon and Second World War medical officer, often known by his nickname of Lippy.
context_section_description: Born in Pretoria, South Africa, he was involved at the Battle of Arnhem where at the time he was a captain in the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC), assigned to the 16th (Parachute) Field Ambulance.  He is credited with saving the life of Brigadier John Winthrop Hackett Junior when he operated on him for a severe abdominal wound at the St. Elisabeth Hospital in Arnhem.
  Kessel had the curious experience of looking out of a window in the St Elizabeth Hospital and seeing the division’s General Officer Commanding (GOC) Major General Urquhart, who was in charge of the whole battle at Arnhem, running along the street.  It was not until after the battle that he found out that the general was just about to enter a house where he would stay surrounded by Germans for over 30 hours.
  When he first entered the St. Elizabeth Hospital, he spoke to the Dutch staff in Afrikaans (which he had learned as a child in South Africa), because he had always been told it was similar to Dutch. The staff took offence at this, as to them it sounded like German, and he was told in no uncertain terms to always speak English.
  Kessel, who was Jewish, was taken prisoner at Arnhem, but later escaped and has told his story in his book Surgeon at Arms, published in 1958.
caption: St. Elizabeth Hospital
exif: {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon DIGITAL IXUS v3", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "180", "Image YResolution": "180", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image DateTime": "2006:07:06 19:07:25", "Image YCbCrPositioning": "Centered", "Image ExifOffset": "196", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "180", "Thumbnail YResolution": "180", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "2036", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "4154", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/400", "EXIF FNumber": "14/5", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0220", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2006:07:06 19:07:25", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2006:07:06 19:07:25", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF CompressedBitsPerPixel": "3", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "277/32", "EXIF ApertureValue": "95/32", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MaxApertureValue": "95/32", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, auto mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "173/32", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "2048", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1536", "Interoperability InteroperabilityIndex": "R98", "Interoperability InteroperabilityVersion": "[48, 49, 48, 48]", "Interoperability RelatedImageWidth": "2048", "Interoperability RelatedImageLength": "1536", "EXIF InteroperabilityOffset": "1572", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "2048000/207", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "128000/13", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF FileSource": "Digital Camera", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF DigitalZoomRatio": "1", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"}