page_title: Automotive industry in the United Kingdom
section_title: Car design
hierarchical_section_title: Automotive industry in the United Kingdom / Car design
caption_attribution_description: English: Ford's Dunton Technical Centre. "Automobile Research Centre" on the OS maps.
context_page_description: The automotive industry in the United Kingdom is now best known for premium and sports car marques including Aston Martin, Bentley, Caterham Cars, Daimler, Jaguar, Lagonda, Land Rover, Lister Cars, Lotus, McLaren, MG, Mini, Morgan and Rolls-Royce. Volume car manufacturers with a major presence in the UK include Honda, Nissan, Toyota and Vauxhall Motors. Commercial vehicle manufacturers active in the UK include Alexander Dennis, Ford, IBC Vehicles, Leyland Trucks and London Electric Vehicle Company.
  In 2018 the UK automotive manufacturing sector had a turnover of £82 billion, generated £18.6 billion in value to the UK economy and produced around 1.5 million passenger vehicles and 85,000 commercial vehicles. In that year around 168,000 people were directly employed in automotive manufacturing in the UK, with a further 823,000 people employed in automotive supply, retail and servicing.
  The UK is a major centre for engine manufacturing and in 2018 around 2.71 million engines were produced in the country.
context_section_description: The UK has a strong design and technical base, with several foreign companies basing some of their research and development resource in the UK, including:
  Ford Dunton Technical Centre, Essex
  Jaguar Land Rover Technical Centre, Gaydon
  Jaguar Land Rover HQ and Design Centre, Whitley
  General Motors Millbrook Proving Ground, Bedfordshire
  Nissan Design Europe, London
  Nissan Technical Centre Europe, Cranfield
  SAIC Motor UK Technical Centre, Birmingham
  Independent designers and design companies include:
  Gordon Murray Design
  International Automotive Design
  Ogle Design
  Peter Stevens Designs
  Shado (Stephen Harper)
caption: Ford's Dunton Technical Centre in Laindon, Essex is the largest automotive research and development facility in the UK[110]
exif: {"Image Make": "Canon", "Image Model": "Canon EOS 350D DIGITAL", "Image Orientation": "Horizontal (normal)", "Image XResolution": "300", "Image YResolution": "300", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "Adobe Photoshop CS2 Windows", "Image DateTime": "2013:12:01 13:46:43", "Image ExifOffset": "216", "Thumbnail Compression": "JPEG (old-style)", "Thumbnail XResolution": "72", "Thumbnail YResolution": "72", "Thumbnail ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "686", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6749", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/320", "EXIF FNumber": "8", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "200", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2006:06:24 09:56:14", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2006:06:24 09:56:14", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "272693/32768", "EXIF ApertureValue": "6", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Pattern", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "95", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "640", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "426", "EXIF FocalPlaneXResolution": "1728000/437", "EXIF FocalPlaneYResolution": "384000/97", "EXIF FocalPlaneResolutionUnit": "2", "EXIF CustomRendered": "Normal", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard"}