page_title: List of tributary states of China
section_title: Qing
hierarchical_section_title: List of tributary states of China / By dynasty / Qing
caption_attribution_description: Nederlands: Mogolsche gezant English: "Moghul embassy", seen by the Dutch visitors in Beijing in 1656. According to Lach &amp; Kley (1993), modern historians (namely, en:Luciano Petech) think that the emissaries portrayed had actually come from Turfan, and not all the way from the Moghul India
context_page_description: This is the list of states that paid tribute to China under its tribute system for the purpose of trade. It encompasses states in Europe, Africa, East Asia, South Asia, Central Asia and Southeast Asia.
context_section_description: This list covers states that sent tribute between 1662 and 1875, and were not covered under the Lifanyuan. Therefore, Tibet or the Khalkha are not included, although they did send tribute in the period given:
   Đại Nam (Vietnam) (annually, every three years)
  Dzungars (1681, 1685, 1735, 1738, 1742, 1743, 1745, 1746, 1752, and 1753)
  Khanate of Kokand (between 1774–1798)
  Kirgiz (1757 and 1758)
  Korea (three or four times a year; 435 embassies, 1637-1881)
  Lanfang Republic
  Laos (17 times)
  Netherlands (1663(?), 1667, 1686, and 1795).
  Nepal (1732(?), 1792, 1794, 1795, 1823, 1842, and 1865)
  Portugal (1670, 1678, 1752, and 1753)
  Ryukyu (every two years on average, 122 times in total between 1662 and 1875)
  Siam (Thailand) (48 times, most of them after 1780 and before the reign of Rama IV)
  Sikkim (since 1791)
  Sulu Sultanate (1726, 1733, 1743, 1747, 1752, 1753, and 1754)
  Turpan (1673 and 1686)
  After the Second Manchu invasion of Korea, Joseon Korea was forced to give several of their royal princesses as concubines to the Qing Manchu regent Prince Dorgon. In 1650, Dorgon married the Korean Princess Uisun (義順). The Princess' name in Korean was Uisun, she was Prince Yi Kaeyoon's (Kumrimgoon) daughter. Dorgon married two Korean princesses at Lianshan.
  The tribute system did not dissolve in 1875, but tribute embassies became less frequent and regular: twelve more Korean embassies until 1894, one more (abortive) from Liuqiu in 1877, three more from Vietnam, and four from Nepal, the last one in 1908.
  In 1886, after Britain took over Burma, they maintained the sending of tribute to China, putting themselves in a lower status than in their previous relations. It was agreed in the Burmah convention in 1886 that China would recognize Britain's occupation of Upper Burmah while Britain continued the Burmese payment of tribute every ten years to Beijing.
caption: "Moghul embassy", seen by the Dutch visitors in Beijing in 1656. According to Lach & Kley (1993), modern historians (namely, Luciano Petech) think that the emissaries portrayed had actually come from Turfan, and not all the way from the Moghul India.
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