page_title: Estonia
section_title: Architecture
hierarchical_section_title: Estonia / Culture / Architecture
caption_attribution_description: Bâtiment d'habitation Ferme (de taille moyenne) de Sassi-Jaani, du début du 19ème siècle à l'époque du servage, caractéristique de l'ouest de l'Estonie Site du musée ethnographique de plein air www.evm.ee/id/180/ Ce musée ethnographique de plein air se trouve dans une zone très boisée située au bord de la Baltique. Il est bien organisé, chaque ferme est meublée et bien documentée. Néanmoins en raison de la taille de l'Estonie, les maisons se ressemblent un peu, ce qui le rend moins attractif que les musées de plein air scandinaves. Il est conseillé de le visiter en vélo (locations possibles à l'entrée) en raison des distances importantes entre les maisons. Il est également utile d'apporter un produit de protection contre les moustiques qui sont très nombreux en forêt.
context_page_description: Estonia, officially the Republic of Estonia, is a country on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the Baltic Sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia. The territory of Estonia consists of the mainland and of 2,222 islands in the Baltic Sea, covering a total area of 45,227 km², water 2,839 km², land area 42,388 km², and is influenced by a humid continental climate. Tallinn, the capital of Estonia, and Tartu are the largest cities and urban areas in the country. Other notable cities include Narva, Pärnu, Kohtla-Järve and Viljandi. The official language of the country, Estonian, is the second-most-spoken Finnic language.
  The territory of Estonia has been inhabited since at least 9,000 BC. Ancient Estonians became some of the last European pagans to adopt Christianity following the Livonian Crusade in the 13th century. After centuries of successive rule by Germans, Danes, Swedes, Poles and Russians, a distinct Estonian national identity began to emerge in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
context_section_description: The architectural history of Estonia mainly reflects its contemporary development in northern Europe. Worth mentioning is especially the architectural ensemble that makes out the medieval old town of Tallinn, which is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. In addition, the country has several unique, more or less preserved hill forts dating from pre-Christian times, a large number of still intact medieval castles and churches, while the countryside is still shaped by the presence of a vast number of manor houses from earlier centuries.
caption: A traditional farmhouse built in the Estonian vernacular style.
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