page_title: Symphony No. 22 (Haydn)
section_title: The nickname "The Philosopher"
hierarchical_section_title: Symphony No. 22 (Haydn) / Composition and premiere / The nickname "The Philosopher"
caption_attribution_description: English: Drawing of a cor anglé — a cor anglais when experiments were made with putting an angle in it.
context_page_description: Symphony No. 22 in E♭ major, Hoboken I/22, is a symphony written by Joseph Haydn in 1764, under the auspices of the benign Prince Nikolaus Esterházy. Its nickname is "The Philosopher".
context_section_description: The name ("the Philosopher") is not on the original manuscript and is unlikely to have come from Haydn himself. "Le Philosoph" appears on a manuscript copy of the symphony found in Modena dated 1790; thus the nickname dates from the composer's own lifetime. The title is thought to derive from the melody and counterpoint of the first movement (between the horns and cor anglais), which musically allude to a question followed by an answer and paralleling the disputatio system of debate. The piece's use of a muted tick-tock effect also evokes the image of a philosopher deep in thought while time passes by. As Jones notes, the nickname "becomes less appropriate as the symphony proceeds and earnestness gives way to high spirits."
caption: A historical cor anglais. Image from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica
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