page_title: List of mammals of Mexico
section_title: Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)
hierarchical_section_title: List of mammals of Mexico / Subclass: Theria / Infraclass: Eutheria / Superorder: Xenarthra / Order: Pilosa (anteaters, sloths and tamanduas)
caption_attribution_description: English: Anteater (Tamandua mexicana) from Corcovado NP, Costa Rica 2005, Brian Gratwicke
context_page_description: This is a list of the native wild mammal species recorded in Mexico. As of September 2014, there were 536 mammalian species or subspecies listed. Based on IUCN data, Mexico has 23% more noncetacean mammal species than the U.S. and Canada combined in an area only 10% as large, or a species density over 12 times that of its northern neighbors. Mexico's high mammal biodiversity is in part a reflection of the wide array of biomes present over its latitudinal, climatic and altitudinal ranges, from lowland tropical rainforest to temperate desert to montane forest to alpine tundra. The general increase in terrestrial biodiversity moving towards the equator is another important factor in the comparison. Mexico includes much of the Mesoamerican and Madrean pine-oak woodlands biodiversity hotspots. From a biogeographic standpoint, most of Mexico is linked to the rest of North America as part of the Nearctic realm. However, the lowlands of southern Mexico are linked with Central America and South America as part of the Neotropical realm.
context_section_description: The order Pilosa is extant only in the Americas and includes the anteaters, sloths, and tamanduas. Their ancestral home is South America. Numerous ground sloths, some of which reached the size of elephants, were once present in both North and South America, as well as on the Antilles, but all went extinct following the arrival of humans.
  Suborder: Vermilingua
  Family: Cyclopedidae
  Genus: Cyclopes
  Silky anteater, Cyclopes dorsalis NE
  Family: Myrmecophagidae (American anteaters)
  Genus: Tamandua
  Northern tamandua, Tamandua mexicana LC
caption: Northern tamandua
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