page_title: Emancipation Proclamation
hierarchical_section_title: Emancipation Proclamation
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Изначально Гражданская война между Севером и Югом велась северянами, которые стремились предотвратить отделение Юга и сохранить Союз. Отмена рабства не была целью их борьбы. Это изменилось 22 сентября 1862 года, когда президент Авраам Линкольн издал Предварительный манифест об освобождении рабов, в котором заявлялось, что все рабы в штатах или регионах штатов, в которых 1 января 1863 года все еще будет продолжаться восстание, получат свободу. Спустя сто дней Линкольн издал "Манифест от освобождении рабов", в котором говорилось, что "все лица, удерживаемые в рабстве" на территории мятежных регионов "отныне и навсегда объявляются свободными". Смелый шаг Линкольна был военной мерой, благодаря которой он надеялся вдохновить рабов Конфедерации поддержать Союз. Поскольку мера по своему характеру была военной, провозглашение освобождения рабов было ограничено во многих отношениях. Она распространялась только на те штаты, которые вышли из состава Союза, но не изменила положения рабов в приграничных штатах. Хотя "Манифест об освобождении рабов" не положил конец рабству, он коренным образом повлиял на характер войны. С момента провозглашения Манифеста продвижение союзных войск означало расширение территории свободы для рабов. Кроме того, в Манифесте провозглашалось о приеме негров в ряды союзной армии и флота. К концу войны на стороне северян за интересы Союза и собственную свободу сражалось почти 200 тысяч чернокожих солдат и моряков. Афроамериканцы; Политика и управление; Прокламации; Рабство; Рабы -- Эмансипация -- Южные штаты; Соединенные Штаты Америки — История — Гражданская война, 1861–1865 гг. Français&#160;: À l'origine, le Nord s'est engagé dans la Guerre civile avec le Sud pour empêcher la sécession par le Sud et préserver l'Union. Mettre fin à l'esclavage n'était pas un objectif. Ceci changea le 22 septembre 1862, lorsque le président Abraham Lincoln publia sa proclamation d'émancipation préliminaire, qui déclarait que les esclaves de ces États ou parties d'État encore en rébellion à compter du 1er janvier 1863, seraient affranchis. Cent jours plus tard, une proclamation d'émancipation fut promulguée par Lincoln déclarant "que toutes les personnes détenues comme esclaves" dans les zones rebelles "sont et doivent dorénavant être libres." Cette initiative audacieuse de Lincoln était une mesure militaire par laquelle il espérait inciter les esclaves de la Confédération à soutenir la cause de l'Union. Parce qu'il s'agissait d'une mesure militaire, la proclamation fut limitée à bien des égards. Elle ne s'appliquait qu'aux États ayant fait sécession de l'Union, et maintenait l'esclavage dans les États frontaliers. Même si la Proclamation d'émancipation ne mit pas fin à l'esclavage, elle transforma fondamentalement le caractère de la guerre. Désormais, chaque avancée des troupes fédérales élargissait le domaine de la liberté. En outre, la proclamation annonçait l'acceptation d'hommes noirs au sein de l'armée et de la marine de l'Union. À la fin de la guerre, près de 200 000 soldats et marins noirs avaient combattu pour l'Union et pour leur propre liberté. Afro-Américains; Politique et gouvernement; Proclamations; Esclavage; Esclaves - Émancipation - États du Sud; Histoire des États-Unis - Guerre de Sécession, 1861-1865 English: Initially, the Civil War between the North and the South was fought by the North to prevent the secession of the South and preserve the Union. Ending slavery was not a goal. That changed on September 22, 1862, when President Abraham Lincoln issued his Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which stated that slaves in those states or parts of states still in rebellion as of January 1, 1863, would be free. One hundred days later Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation declaring “that all persons held as slaves” within the rebellious areas “are, and henceforward shall be, free.” Lincoln’s bold step was a military measure by which he hoped to inspire the slaves in the Confederacy to support the Union cause. Because it was a military measure, the proclamation was limited in many ways. It applied only to states that had seceded from the Union, and left slavery untouched in the border states. Although the Emancipation Proclamation did not end slavery, it did fundamentally transform the character of the war. Henceforth, every advance of Federal troops expanded the domain of freedom. Moreover, the proclamation announced the acceptance of black men into the Union Army and Navy. By the end of the war, almost 200,000 black soldiers and sailors had fought for the Union and their own freedom. African Americans; Politics and government; Proclamations; Slavery; Slaves--Emancipation--Southern States; United States--History--Civil War, 1861-1865 中文: 起初，在南北两方的内战中，是北方为了防止南方分裂和保存联邦而战。 结束奴隶制并不是北方作战的目标。 1862 年 9 月 22 日目标发生了改变，当时的美国总统亚伯拉罕·林肯发表了《解放黑人奴隶初步宣言》，在宣言中表示截止 1863 年 1 月 1 日，仍在叛乱中的各州以及各州内叛乱地区的奴隶将获得自由。 100 天后，林肯发表了《解放黑人奴隶宣言》，宣布反叛地区的“所有身为奴隶的人们从今以后都是自由人”。林肯的大胆举措是一种军事手段，他希望使用该手段能鼓励邦联的奴隶支持联邦。 因为这是一种军事手段，因此该宣言在很多方面都有局限性。 它仅适用于脱离联邦的各州，不涉及边界各州的奴隶制。 尽管《解放黑人奴隶宣言》并没有结束奴隶制，但是它从根本上改变了战争的性质。 自此之后，联邦军队每前进一步都在扩大奴隶自由地区的范围。 而且，该宣言还宣布接受黑人加入联邦陆军和海军。 战争结束时，约有 20 万黑人陆军和海军士兵为联邦和他们自己的自由而战斗过。 非裔美国人; 政治与政府; 致辞; 奴隶制; 奴隶-解放-南部各州; 美国-历史-南北战争，1861-1865 年 Português: Inicialmente, a Guerra Civil entre o Norte e o Sul foi travada pelo Norte para impedir a secessão do Sul e preservar a União. O fim da escravidão não era uma meta. Isso mudou em 22 de setembro de 1862, quando o presidente Abraham Lincoln lançou sua Proclamação da Emancipação Preliminar, que declarava que os escravos naqueles estados ou partes de estados ainda em rebelião, passariam a ser livres a partir de Primeiro de janeiro de 1863. Cem dias depois, Lincoln promulgou a Proclamação da Emancipação declarando "que todas as pessoas mantidas como escravos", dentro das regiões em rebelião, "são, e doravante serão, livres". O passo ousado de Lincoln foi uma medida militar, pela qual ele esperava inspirar os escravos da Confederação a apoiar a causa da União. Por ser uma medida militar, a proclamação era limitada de várias maneiras. Aplicava-se, apenas, a estados que tinham se separado da União e deixava a escravidão intocável nos estados fronteiriços. Embora a Proclamação da Emancipação não tivesse colocado um fim à escravidão, ela transformou fundamentalmente o caráter da guerra. Dali por diante, cada avanço das tropas federais expandia o domínio da liberdade. Além disso, a proclamação anunciou a aceitação de homens negros no Exército e na Marinha da União. No final da guerra, aproximadamente 200 mil marinheiros e soldados negros haviam lutado pela União e pela sua própria liberdade. Afro-americanos; Política e governo; Proclamações; Escravidão; Escravos - Emancipação - Estados do Sul; Estados Unidos - História - Guerra Civil, 1861-1865 العربية: في بادىء الأمر، بدأت الحرب الأهلية بين الشمال والجنوب عندما حارب الشمال لمنع انفصال الجنوب والحفاظ على الاتحاد. لم يكن إنهاء العبودية هدفا للحرب. تغير ذلك في أيلول 1862، عندما أصدر الرئيس أبراهام لنكولن إعلان التحرير المبدئي الذي نص على تحرير العبيد الموجودين في تلك الولايات أو أجزاء من تلك الولايات التي لا تزال في حالة تمرد اعتبارا من 1 كانون الثاني 1863. وبعد مائة يوم من ذلك، أصدر لنكولن إعلان التحرير معلنا "إن جميع الأشخاص المحتجزين كعبيد" في المناطق المتمردة "هم ومن الآن فصاعدا أحرار". كانت خطوة لينكولن الجريئة إجراء عسكريا أمل من ورائه أن يلهم العبيد في الكونفدرالية بدعم قضية الاتحاد. ونظرا لكونه تدبير عسكري، كان الإعلان محدودا من نواح عديدة. فهو لا ينطبق إلا على الولايات التي انفصلت عن الاتحاد، وترك الرق على حاله في الولايات الحدودية. وعلى الرغم من أن إعلان التحرير لم ينه العبودية، فإنه حول طبيعة الحرب بشكل أساسي. ومن الآن فصاعدا، وسع كل تقدم للقوات الاتحادية نطاق الحرية. وعلاوة على ذلك، أعلن الإعلان قبول الرجال السود في الجيش الاتحادي والبحرية. ولدى نهاية الحرب، كان ما يقرب من 200،000 من الجنود والبحارة السود قد حاربوا من أجل الاتحاد والحرية. الأمريكيون من أصل أفريقي; السياسة والحكومة; التصريحات; العبودية; العبيد--إعتاق--الولايات الجنوبية; الولايات المتحدة--تاريخ--الحرب الأهلية، 1861-1865 Español: Inicialmente, la guerra civil entre el Norte y el Sur fue librada por el Norte para evitar la secesión del Sur y preservar la Unión. Poner fin a la esclavitud no era uno de los objetivos. Esto cambió el 22 de septiembre de 1862, cuando el presidente Abraham Lincoln emitió una versión preliminar de la Proclamación de Emancipación en la que declaraba que a partir del 1 de enero de 1863 los esclavos en esos estados o partes de los estados aún en rebelión serían libres. Cien días después, Lincoln emitió la Proclamación de Emancipación que declaraba que «todas las personas mantenidas como esclavos» en la zonas rebeldes «son, y en adelante serán, libres». El audaz paso de Lincoln era una medida militar que esperaba sirviera de acicate para que los esclavos de la Confederación apoyaran la causa de la Unión. Porque era una medida militar, la proclamación era limitada en muchos sentidos. Se aplicaba solo a los estados que se habían separado de la Unión y dejaba intacta la esclavitud en los estados fronterizos. A pesar de que la Proclamación de Emancipación no terminó con la esclavitud, transformó esencialmente el carácter de la guerra. En adelante, cada avance de las tropas federales ampliaron el ámbito de la libertad. Además, la proclamación anunció la aceptación de los hombres negros en el Ejército y la Marina de la Unión. Al final de la guerra, casi 200 000 soldados y marineros negros habían luchado por la Unión y por su propia libertad. Afroamericanos; Política y gobierno; Proclamas; Esclavitud; Esclavos - Emancipación - Estados del sur; Estados Unidos - Historia - Guerra Civil, 1861-1865
context_page_description: The Emancipation Proclamation, or Proclamation 95, was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, during the Civil War. The Proclamation read:
  That on the first day of January in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the executive government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.
  The Proclamation changed the legal status under federal law of more than 3.5 million enslaved African Americans in the secessionist Confederate states from slave to free. As soon as a slave escaped the control of the Confederate government, either by running away across Union lines or through the advance of federal troops, the slave was permanently free.
context_section_description: The Emancipation Proclamation, or Proclamation 95, was a presidential proclamation and executive order issued by United States President Abraham Lincoln on September 22, 1862, during the Civil War. The Proclamation read: 
  That on the first day of January in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within any State, or designated part of a State, the people whereof shall then be in rebellion against the United States shall be then, thenceforward, and forever free; and the executive government of the United States, including the military and naval authority thereof, will recognize and maintain the freedom of such persons, and will do no act or acts to repress such persons, or any of them, in any efforts they may make for their actual freedom.
  The Proclamation changed the legal status under federal law of more than 3.5 million enslaved African Americans in the secessionist Confederate states from slave to free. As soon as a slave escaped the control of the Confederate government, either by running away across Union lines or through the advance of federal troops, the slave was permanently free. Ultimately, the Union victory brought the proclamation into effect in all of the former Confederacy. 
  The proclamation was directed to all of the areas in rebellion and all segments of the executive branch (including the Army and Navy) of the United States. It proclaimed the freedom of slaves in the ten states in rebellion.  Even though it excluded areas not in rebellion, it still applied to more than 3.5 million of the 4 million slaves in the country. Around 25,000 to 75,000 slaves were immediately emancipated in those regions of the Confederacy where the US Army was already in place. It could not be enforced in the areas still in rebellion, but as the Union army took control of Confederate regions, the Proclamation provided the legal framework for the liberation of more than three and a half million slaves in those regions. Prior to the Proclamation, in accordance with the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, escaped slaves were either returned to their masters or held in camps as contraband for later return.  The Emancipation Proclamation outraged white Southerners and their sympathizers, who saw it as the beginning of a race war. It energized abolitionists, and undermined those Europeans that wanted to intervene to help the Confederacy. The Proclamation lifted the spirits of African Americans both free and slave. It led many slaves to escape from their masters and get to Union lines to obtain their freedom, and to join the Union Army. 
  The Emancipation Proclamation was never challenged in court. To ensure the abolition of slavery in all of the U.S., Lincoln also insisted that Reconstruction plans for Southern states require abolition in new state laws (which occurred during the war in Tennessee, Arkansas, and Louisiana); Lincoln encouraged border states to adopt abolition (which occurred during the war in Maryland, Missouri, and West Virginia) and pushed for passage of the Thirteenth Amendment. Congress passed the 13th Amendment by the necessary two-thirds vote on January 31, 1865, and it was ratified by the states on December 6, 1865, ending legal slavery in the United States.
caption: The five-page original document, held in the National Archives Building. Until 1936 it had been bound with other proclamations in a large volume held by the Department of State.[1]
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