page_title: Angiomyolipoma
section_title: Epidemiology
hierarchical_section_title: Angiomyolipoma / Epidemiology
caption_attribution_description: English: edit Renal tumors by relative incidence and prognosis. References: Incidences of renal cell cancers versus others: &#32;(2009).&#32;"Incidence of benign lesions according to tumor size in solid renal masses". International braz j urol&#32;35&#32;(4): 427–431. DOI:10.1590/S1677-55382009000400005. ISSN 1677-5538. Relative incidences of renal cell carcinomas:&#32;(2005).&#32;"Multifocal Renal Cancer: Genetic Basis and Its Medical Relevance". Clinical Cancer Research&#32;11&#32;(20): 7206–7208. DOI:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-1343. ISSN 1078-0432. Prognoses of renal cell carcinomas: Ronald J Cohen.&#32;What is the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC)?.&#32;Medscape. Updated: Mar 11, 2019 Prognosis of oncocytoma: &#32;(2005).&#32;"Renal oncocytoma: a clinicopathological analysis of 45 consecutive cases". BJU International&#32;96&#32;(9): 1275–1279. DOI:10.1111/j.1464-410X.2005.05827.x. ISSN 1464-4096. Data: Tumor typeCases5-year survival Clear cell renal cell carcinoma21650-69% Papillary renal cell carcinoma, type 11467-87% Papillary renal cell carcinoma, type 22967-87% Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma1478-87% Oncocytoma2363 Angiomyolipoma14Benign Multilocular cyst8Benign Cystic nephroma3Benign Others7
context_page_description: Angiomyolipomas are the most common benign tumour of the kidney. Although regarded as benign, angiomyolipomas may grow such that kidney function is impaired or the blood vessels may dilate and burst, leading to bleeding.
  Angiomyolipomas are strongly associated with the genetic disease tuberous sclerosis, in which most individuals have several angiomyolipomas affecting both kidneys. They are also commonly found in women with the rare lung disease lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Angiomyolipomas are less commonly found in the liver and rarely in other organs. Whether associated with these diseases or sporadic, angiomyolipomas are caused by mutations in either the TSC1 or TSC2 genes, which govern cell growth and proliferation. They are composed of blood vessels, smooth muscle cells, and fat cells.
  Large angiomyolipoma can be treated with embolisation. Drug therapy for angiomyolipoma is at the research stage. The Tuberous Sclerosis Alliance has published guidelines on diagnosis, surveillance, and management.
context_section_description: Angiomyolipomas are the most common benign tumour of the kidney, and are found either in patients with tuberous sclerosis or sporadically. About 80–90% of cases are sporadic, and these are most commonly found in middle-aged women.
  In patients with TSC, a longitudinal study found 80% will have some form of renal lesion by around 10 years of age. Of these, 75% are angiomyolipomas and 17% are cysts. The angiomyolipomas increased in size in around 60% of these children. An autopsy study and TSC clinic survey found a prevalence of 67 and 85%, respectively, for patients with TSC. Both genders are affected equally.
caption: Histopathologic types of kidney tumor, with relative incidences and prognoses. Angiomyolipoma is seen at right in pie chart.
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