page_title: Ancon (archaeological site)
section_title: Studies
hierarchical_section_title: Ancon (archaeological site) / Studies
caption_attribution_description: English: Exhibit in the Krannert Art Museum, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign - Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA. This work is old enough so that it is in the public domain.
context_page_description: Ancon (archaeological site) is located in the north of the Bay of Ancon, in the Ancón District, on the central coast of Peru. It is one of the most important centers of the Peruvian archeology and features a vast necropolis of the pre-Hispanic era, with countless funerary sites. Permanent occupation in Ancon is documented throughout all periods of Andean history. The oldest evidence of human occupation dates back 10,000 years ago to the preceramic period.
context_section_description: In 1870, during the construction of the railroad from Ancon to Pasamayo, the first large ancient tombs were discovered here.
  In 1875, German scholars Wilhelm Reiss and Alphons Stubel visited in the area, and made several excavations in and around the area of the necropolis. As a result, a three-volume study with good lithographs and drawings were published in Berlin in 1880-1887. The joint work of Reiss and Stubel is considered by some as the precursor of scientific archeology in Peru, although not yet applied stratigraphic methods.
  Further research was conducted by Max Uhle (1904) who was the first to record the large shell midden of Las Colinas.
  Other archaeologists working on this site include Paul Berthon (1907), and Aleš Hrdlička (1913).
  In 1941, Gordon Willey and Marshall T. Newman conducted additional research, including in the area of Las Colinas.
  Given the announced development of the area of Miramar, a series of rescue investigations by Julio C. Tello were conducted between 1945 and 1950. Within the framework of this project, an area of 2000m by 200m was investigated, which revealed 1,570 tombs with 14,055 excavated objects. This work was published by Rebeca Carrion Cachot (1951).
  Synthesizing the knowledge acquired up to then, Carrion noted the following:
  “In Ancon, there are remnants of three distinct periods: (1) a very old period represented by elements of Chavin and sub-Chavin cultures; these are found in the hills of Cerro San Pedro, in the southern part of the bay; (2) an intermediate period represented by elements of the Wari Culture, with local Ancon variations: and (3) the recent period represented by elements of the Chancay and Inca cultures.”
  In 1959, Jorge C. Muelle, based on his excavations in Las Colinas area, located a preceramic layer below the Chavin remains, thus moving back the prehistory of Ancon several thousand years.
  The archaeologist Federico Kauffmann Doig also worked in the area of Miramar. Also, Peter Kaulicke published a 1997 work on Ancon funerary contexts.
caption: Rectangular tapestry panel with stylized humans, Peru, Central Coast Wari at Ancon, c. 1000-1470 AD, cotton, alpaca wool - Krannert Art Museum, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign - Urbana-Champaign, Illinois, USA.
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