page_title: List of Russian scientists
section_title: Physicians and psychologists
hierarchical_section_title: List of Russian scientists / Physicians and psychologists
caption_attribution_description: English: Sergei Korsakoff (1854-1900), Russian psychiatrist Русский: Сергей Сергеевич Корсаков (1854-1900) — российский психиатр
context_page_description: Karl Ernst von Baer, polymath naturalist, formulated the geological Baer's law on river erosion and embryological Baer's laws, founder of the Russian Entomological Society, co-founder of the Russian Geographical Society
  Alexander Borodin, chemist and composer, author of the famous opera Prince Igor, discovered Borodin reaction, co-discovered Aldol reaction
  Alexander Chizhevsky, interdisciplinary scientist, biophysicist, philosopher and artist, founder of heliobiology and modern air ionification, Russian cosmist
  Johann Gottlieb Georgi, naturalist, chemist, mineralogist, ethnographer and explorer, the first to describe omul fish of Baikal, published the first full-scale work on ethnography of indigenous peoples of Russia
context_section_description: Aleksandr Bakulev, prominent cardiovascular surgery developer
  Vladimir Bekhterev, neuropathologist, founder of objective psychology, noted the role of the hippocampus in memory, major contributor to reflexology, studied the Bekhterev's Disease
  Vladimir Betz, discovered Betz cells of primary motor cortex
  Peter Borovsky, described the causative agent of Oriental sore
  Sergey Botkin, major therapist and court physician
  Nikolay Burdenko, major developer of neurosurgery
  Konstantin Buteyko, developed the Buteyko method for the treatment of asthma and other breathing disorders
  Mikhail Chumakov, co-discovered tick-borne encephalitis, co-developed oral polio vaccine
  Livery Darkshevich, neurologist, described the nucleus of posterior commissure
  Vladimir Demikhov, major pioneer of transplantology
  Vladimir Filatov, ophthalmologist, corneal transplantation pioneer
  Svyatoslav Fyodorov, inventor of radial keratotomy
  Georgy Gause, inventor of gramicidin S and other antibiotics
  Oleg Gazenko, founder of space medicine, selected and trained Laika, the first space dog
  Vera Gedroitz, the first female Professor of Surgery in the world
  Ilya Gruzinov, found that vocal folds are the source of phonation
  Waldemar Haffkine, invented the first vaccines against cholera and bubonic plague
  Gavriil Ilizarov, invented Ilizarov apparatus, developed distraction osteogenesis
  Nikolai Korotkov, invented auscultatory blood pressure measurement, pioneer of vascular surgery
  Sergey Korsakov, studied the effects of alcoholism on the nervous system, described Korsakoff's syndrome, introduced paranoia concept
  Aleksei Kozhevnikov, neurologist and psychiatrist, described the epilepsia partialis continua
  Aleksey Leontyev, founder of activity theory in psychology
  Peter Lesgaft, founder of the modern system of physical education in Russia
  Alexander Luria, co-developer of activity theory and cultural-historical psychology, major researcher of aphasia
  Ilya Mechnikov, pioneer researcher of immune system, probiotics and phagocytosis; coined the term gerontology, Nobel Prize in Medicine winner
  Lazar Minor, neurologist, described Minor's disease
  Pyotr Nikolsky, dermatologist, discoverer of Nikolsky's sign
  Alexey Olovnikov, predicted existence of Telomerase, suggested the Telomere hypothesis of aging and the Telomere relations to cancer
  Ivan Pavlov, founder of modern physiology, the first to research classical conditioning, influenced comparative psychology and behaviorism by his works on reflexes, Nobel Prize in Medicine winner
  Nikolay Pirogov, pioneer of ether anaesthesia and modern field surgery, the first to perform anaesthesia in the field conditions, invented a number of surgical operations
  Aza Rakhmanova, professor of diseases, AIDS expert
  Leonid Rogozov, performed an appendectomy on himself during the 6th Soviet Antarctic Expedition, a famous case of self-surgery
  Grigory Rossolimo, pioneer of child neuropsychology
  Vladimir Roth, neuropathologist, described meralgia paraesthetica
  Ivan Sechenov, founder of electrophysiology and neurophysiology, author of the classic work Reflexes of the Brain
  Vladimir Serbsky, founder of forensic psychiatry in Russia
  Nikolay Sklifosovskiy, prominent 19th-century field surgeon
   Victor Skumin, the first to describe a previously unknown disease, now called Skumin syndrome (a disorder of the central nervous system of some patients after a prosthetic heart valve)
  Lina Stern, pioneer researcher of blood–brain barrier
  Fyodor Uglov, the oldest practicing surgeon in history
  Igor Ursov phthisiatrist, the inventor of intravenous intermittent bactericidal tuberculosis therapy
  Alexander Varshavsky, researched ubiquitination, Wolf Prize in Medicine winner
  Luka Voyno-Yasenetsky, founder of purulent surgery, saint
  Lev Vygotsky, founder of cultural-historical psychology, major contributor to child development and psycholinguistics, introduced zone of proximal development and cultural mediation concepts
  Josias Weitbrecht, the first to describe the construction and function of intervertebral discs
  Sergei Yudin, inventor of cadaveric blood transfusion
  Bluma Z
caption: Korsakov
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