page_title: Sator Square
hierarchical_section_title: Sator Square
caption_attribution_description: English: Sator square Sator Arepo Tenet Opera Rotas (word square, palindrome) in Oppède (France). The letters S and N are reversed like for an ambigram.
context_page_description: The Sator Square is a word square containing a five-word Latin palindrome. The earliest form has ROTAS as the top line, but in time the version with SATOR on the top line became dominant. It is a five-by-five square made up of five 5-letter words, thus consisting of 25 letters in total, all derived from eight Latin letters: five consonants and three vowels.
  In particular, this is a square two-dimensional palindrome, and admits four symmetries: identity, two diagonal reflections, and 180-degree rotation. As can be seen, the text may be read top-to-bottom, bottom-to-top, left-to-right, or right-to-left; and it may be rotated 180 degrees and still be read in all those ways.
  Other 2D palindrome examples may be found carved on stone tablets or pressed into clay before being fired.
context_section_description: The Sator Square (or Rotas Square) is a word square containing a five-word Latin palindrome. The earliest form has ROTAS as the top line, but in time the version with SATOR on the top line became dominant. It is a five-by-five square made up of five 5-letter words, thus consisting of 25 letters in total, all derived from eight Latin letters: five consonants (S, T, R, P, N) and three vowels (A, E, O).
  In particular, this is a square two-dimensional palindrome, and admits four symmetries (its symmetry group is the Klein four-group rather than the dihedral group of order 8 since adjacent sides of the square are not the same): identity, two diagonal reflections, and 180-degree rotation. As can be seen, the text may be read top-to-bottom, bottom-to-top, left-to-right, or right-to-left; and it may be rotated 180 degrees and still be read in all those ways.
  Other 2D palindrome examples may be found carved on stone tablets or pressed into clay before being fired.
caption: A Sator Square in Oppede, France
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