page_title: Lower Pannonia (9th century)
section_title: History
hierarchical_section_title: Lower Pannonia (9th century) / History
caption_attribution_description: English: Regnum of Braslav: for northern borders of broadened regnum look at Inzko Valentin (1978): Zgodovina Slovencev do leta 1918. Mohorjeva založba, Celovec. Str. 34; Čepič Zdenko et al. (1979): Zgodovina Slovencev. Cankarjeva založba, Ljubljana 1979, str. 127 in 133; Peršič Janez et al. (1983): Stare kulture. Mladinska knjiga, Ljubljana, str. 144; for southern country look at Annales Fuldenses. English: Waterways along the central and lower Danube, including the Bohemian and Carpathian Basins, the northern Balkans, parts of Austria, southern Poland and Western Ukraine.
context_page_description: Lower Pannonia was an entity located in the southwestern parts of the former Roman province of Pannonia, held by Slavic rulers between the fall of the Avar Khaganate starting in the 790s, and the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin in the 890s. The Slavic counts were predominantly under Frankish suzerainty, part of Frankish Pannonia, and are known from Frankish primary sources. In the mid-9th century, Lower Pannonia was inhabited by a Slavic majority.
context_section_description: Initially, the Slavic counts were under Frankish suzerainty, part of Frankish Pannonia (the Pannonian March), and are known from Frankish primary sources.
  Ljudevit was mentioned in the Frankish Annals as Liudewitus, dux Pannoniae inferioris, having led an uprising against the Franks, joined by the Carantanians and other Slavic tribes.
  In 827, the Bulgars under Great Khan Omurtag invaded and conquered Lower Pannonia and parts of Frankish territories to the north. In 829 the Bulgars imposed a local Slavic prince, Ratimir, as the new ruler of Pannonia. His province is believed to have been the territory of Roman Pannonia Savia. In 838, nine years later, following the Bulgar conquest of Macedonia, the Danubian count Radbod, prefect of the East March, deposed Ratimir and restored Frankish rule in Pannonia. Ratimir fled the land, and the Franks next instated Slavic princes Pribina and Kocel as rulers of Pannonia.
  In the mid-9th century, Lower Pannonia was inhabited by a Slavic majority. Christian Avars were found in Lower Pannonia in 873.
  
   
  Braslav was the Duke of Lower Pannonia between 884 and 896. His territory initially spanned between the Drava and Sava, which he held under the overlordship of Arnulf of Carinthia. He participated in the Frankish–Moravian War, and in 896 Arnulf handed over Pannonia to him in order to secure the Frankish frontier against the Hungarians, however, the Hungarians subsequently overran all of Pannonia and continued into Italy.
caption: Braslav's duchy[citation needed]
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