page_title: 14th century
section_title: Significant people
hierarchical_section_title: 14th century / Significant people
caption_attribution_description: English: Portrait of Sultan 'Ala-ud-Din, Padshah of Delhi Object Name Illustrated album leaf Date late 17th century Geography India Culture Islamic Medium Ink, opaque watercolor, and gold on paper Dimensions 8 x 4 1/8 in. (20.3 x 10.5 cm) Classification Codices Credit Line Gift of Dr. Julius Hoffman, 1909 Accession Number 09.227.9 This artwork is not on displayEnglish: This work is in the public domain in India because its term of copyright has expired. The Indian Copyright Act applies in India, to works first published in India. According to The Indian Copyright Act, 1957 (Chapter V Section 25), Anonymous works, photographs, cinematographic works, sound recordings, government works, and works of corporate authorship or of international organizations enter the public domain 60 years after the date on which they were first published, counted from the beginning of the following calendar year (ie. as of 2020, works published prior to 1 January 1960 are considered public domain). Posthumous works (other than those above) enter the public domain after 60 years from publication date. Any other kind of work enters the public domain 60 years after the author's death. Text of laws, judicial opinions, and other government reports are free from copyright. Photographs created before 1960 are in the public domain 50 years after creation, as per the Copyright Act 1911. This file may not be in the public domain outside India. The creator and year of publication are essential information and must be provided. See Wikipedia:Public domain and Wikipedia:Copyrights for more details. বাংলা&#160;| Deutsch&#160;| English&#160;| français&#160;| हिन्दी&#160;| italiano&#160;| 日本語&#160;| ಕನ್ನಡ&#160;| македонски&#160;| മലയാളം&#160;| मराठी&#160;| Nederlands&#160;| português do Brasil&#160;| sicilianu&#160;| தமிழ்&#160;| ತುಳು&#160;| اردو&#160;| +/−
context_page_description: As a means of recording the passage of time, the 14th century was a century lasting from January 1, 1301, to December 31, 1400. It is estimated that the century witnessed the death of more than 45 million lives from political and natural disasters in both Europe and the Mongol Empire. West Africa and the Indian Subcontinent experienced economic growth and prosperity.
  In Europe, the Black Death claimed 25 million lives – wiping out one third of the European population – while the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of France fought in the protracted Hundred Years' War after the death of Charles IV, King of France led to a claim to the French throne by Edward III, King of England. This period is considered the height of chivalry and marks the beginning of strong separate identities for both England and France as well as the foundation of the Italian Renaissance and Ottoman Empire.
  In Asia, Tamerlane, established the Timurid Empire, history's third largest empire to have been ever established by a single conqueror. Scholars estimate that Timur's military campaigns caused the deaths of 17 million people, amounting to about 5% of the world population at the time.
context_section_description: Ibn Battuta, Berber Muslim traveler (1304–1368/1377)
  Liu Bowen, Chinese general, court advisor, philosopher, and co-editor of the Huolongjing
  Geoffrey Chaucer, English writer and author of The Canterbury Tales
  Alauddin Khalji, Afghanized Turk emperor, ruling from Delhi over South Asia, crushing Mongol invasions and Rajput rebellions
  Ibn Khaldun, historian and historiographer
  William of Ockham, English Franciscan friar and philosopher (c. 1285–1347)
  Timur, Turco-Mongol conqueror and founder of the Timurid Empire (1336–1405)
  Margaret I of Denmark, Danish regent and from 1389 regent of the united monarchies of Denmark, Norway and Sweden
  Ibn Taymiyyah, Islamic scholar, theologian and logician
  Chen Youliang, Chinese rebel leader and nemesis to Zhu Yuanzhang (the Hongwu Emperor)
  Jiao Yu, Chinese general and author of the Huolongjing military treatise
  Henry IV of England, King from 1399 until his death in 1413
  John Kukuzelis, Byzantine composer, singer and reformer of Orthodox Church music (c. 1280–1360)
  John Wycliffe, Biblical translator, theologian, philosopher (1320-1384)
  Philippe de Vitry, French composer, music theorist and poet (1291-1361)
  Guillaume de Machaut, French composer and poet (c. 1300–1377)
caption: Sultan Alauddin Khilji, ruler of most of India.
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