page_title: Dutch guilder
section_title: Banknotes
hierarchical_section_title: Dutch guilder / Banknotes
caption_attribution_description: English: Two and a half guilder silver certificate from 1927 Nederlands: Twee en een halve gulden zilverbon uit 1927
context_page_description: The Dutch guilder or fl. was the currency of the Netherlands from the 17th century until 2002, when it was replaced by the euro. Between 1999 and 2002, the guilder was officially a "national subunit" of the euro. However, physical payments could only be made in guilders, as no euro coins or banknotes were available. The Netherlands Antillean guilder is still in use in Curaçao and Sint Maarten, but this currency is distinct from the Dutch guilder. In 2004, the Surinamese guilder was replaced by the Surinamese dollar.
  The Dutch name gulden was a Middle Dutch adjective meaning "golden", and the name indicates the coin was originally made of gold. The symbol ƒ or fl. for the Dutch guilder was derived from another old currency, the florin.
  The exact exchange rate, still relevant for old contracts and for exchange of the old currency for euros at the central bank, is 2.20371 Dutch guilders for 1 euro. Inverted, this gives 0.453780 euros for 1 guilder.
context_section_description: Between 1814 and 1838, The Dutch Bank issued notes in denominations of 25, 40, 60, 80, 100, 200, 300, 500 and 1000 guilders. These were followed, from 1846 by state notes (muntbiljetten) in denominations of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 500, 1000 guilders, with the 10 and 50 guilders issued until 1914.
  In 1904, the Netherlands Bank recommenced the issuance of paper money. By 1911, it was issuing notes for 10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 200, 300 and 1000 guilders. In 1914, because of silver shortage for minting, the government introduced silver certificates (zilverbonnen) for 1, ​2 ¹⁄₂ and 5 guilders. Although the 5-guilder notes were only issued that year, the 1-guilder notes continued until 1920 and the ​2 ¹⁄₂-guilder until 1927.
  In 1926, the Netherlands Bank introduced 20 guilder notes, followed by 50 guilder in 1929 and 500 guilder in 1930. These introductions followed the cessation of production of the unusual 40, 60 and 300-guilder notes during the 1920s.
  In 1938, silver notes were reintroduced for 1 and ​2 ¹⁄₂ guilders. During World War II, the Netherlands Bank continued to issue paper money, although there were some design changes, most notably, the replacement of a portrait of Queen Emma by a Rembrandt portrait on the 10-guilder note. The Allies printed state notes dated 1943 for use following liberation. These were in denominations of 1, ​2 ¹⁄₂, 10, 25, 50 and 100 guilders. More state notes were issued for 1 and ​2 ¹⁄₂ guilders in 1945 and 1949.
  Following the war, The Dutch Bank introduced notes for 10, 20, 25, 50, 100 and 1000 guilders. The last 20 guilder notes were dated 1955, whilst 5-guilder notes were introduced in 1966 (replaced by coins in 1988) and 250-guilder notes in 1985.
  At the time of withdrawal, the following denominations of banknotes were circulating:
  ƒ10 (€4.54) – tientje ("little ten", see Diminutive), joet
  ƒ25 (€11.34) – geeltje (yellow one)
  ƒ50 (€22.69) – zonnebloem (sunflower)
  ƒ100 (€45.38) – honderdje, meier, later: snip (snipe)
  ƒ250 (€113.45) – vuurtoren (lighthouse)
  ƒ1000 (€453.78) – duizendje, (rooie) rug (red back) / rooi(tj)e
  At the time of withdrawal, all but the 50 and 250-guilder notes had been issued in a new series that was the same colour as the older, long-serving notes but with a mostly abstract pattern, featuring a different bird for each denomination.
  Persons depicted on older banknotes were:
  ƒ5 – poet Joost van den Vondel (the note was replaced by a ƒ5 coin in 1988 and withdrawn from circulation in 1995)
  ƒ10 – painter Frans Hals
  ƒ25 – composer Jan Pietersz. Sweelinck
  ƒ100 – admiral Michiel de Ruyter (This being the most profitable note to counterfeit it was first replaced by a note featuring the common snipe. This note was of a similar design as the newly introduced 50 and 250-guilder notes; and was again replaced by an abstract design in the last series of guilder notes)
  ƒ1000 – philosopher Baruch de Spinoza
  These 1970s "face"-notes and the 1980s ƒ50 (sunflower), ƒ100 (snipe) and ƒ250 (lighthouse) were designed by R.D.E. Oxenaar. Eventually all faces were to be replaced by abstracts, designed by Jaap Drupsteen (see above).
caption: Dutch ​2 1⁄2-guilder silver certificate from 1927
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