page_title: Papal tiara
section_title: Related uses
hierarchical_section_title: Papal tiara / Related uses
caption_attribution_description: English: Sultan Suleyman the Magnificent (Agostino Veneziano's depiction of the sultan - author died over 100 years ago) en:Agostino Veneziano's en:engraving of Suleiman the Magnificent.&#91;1&#93;. Note the 4 tiers on the helmet (which he had commissioned from en:Venice, symbolizing his imperial power, and exceeding the 3-tiered en:papal tiara.&#91;2&#93; This was a most untypical piece of headgear for an Ottoman sultan, which he probably never normally wore, but which he placed beside him when receiving visitors, especially ambassadors. It was crowned with an enormous feather. &#91;3&#93;]]
context_page_description: The papal tiara is a crown that was worn by popes of the Catholic Church from as early as the 8th century to the mid-20th. It was last used by Pope Paul VI in 1963 and only at the beginning of his reign.
  The name "tiara" refers to the entire headpiece, no matter how many crowns, circlets or diadems have adorned it through the ages, while the three-tiered form that it took in the 14th century is also called the triregnum, triple tiara, or triple crown.
  From 1143 to 1963, the papal tiara was solemnly placed on the pope's head during a papal coronation. The surviving papal tiaras are all in the triple form, the oldest being of 1572.
  A representation of the triregnum combined with two crossed keys of Saint Peter continues to be used as a symbol of the papacy and appears on papal documents, buildings and insignia.
context_section_description: Only one other Catholic see uses the triple tiara in its coat of arms: the Patriarchate of Lisbon. The title of Patriarch of Lisbon was created in 1716 and has been held by the archbishop of Lisbon since 1740. The coat of arms of the Holy See combines the tiara with the crossed keys of St. Peter, while that of the Lisbon Patriarchate combines it with a processional cross and a pastoral staff. Also the Archbishop of Benevento uses the tiara in its coat of arms.
  The 16th-century Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent commissioned Venetian craftsmen to make a 4-tiered tiara modeled on the papal design, to demonstrate that his power and authority exceeded that of the Pope. This was a most atypical piece of headgear for an Ottoman sultan, which he probably never normally wore, but which he placed beside him when receiving visitors, especially ambassadors. It was crowned with an enormous feather.
  Conversely, the papal coronation ceremony, in which the Pope was fanned with flabella (long fans of ostrich feathers) and carried on the sedia gestatoria (portable throne), was based on the Byzantine imperial ceremonies witnessed in medieval Constantinople.
caption: Agostino Veneziano's engraving of Suleiman the Magnificent in his Venetian helmet.[53] Note the four tiers on the helmet, symbolizing his imperial power, surpassing the 3-tiered papal tiara.[54]
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