page_title: Smog
section_title: Other areas
hierarchical_section_title: Smog / Areas affected / United Kingdom / Other areas
caption_attribution_description: English: 07 01 2020 - VERONA SMOG - prefiltro (filtro cappa antigrasso, grease filter hood) su VMC (ventilazione meccanizzata controllata) dopo 4 giorni (after 4 days), parte bianca coperta da nastro adesivo (white surface was cover) - 2020 01 07 - photo Paolo Villa Camera location45°&#160;26′&#160;32.42″&#160;N, 10°&#160;58′&#160;07.03″&#160;E&#160;View this and other nearby images on: OpenStreetMap - Google Earth
context_page_description: Smog is a type of intense air pollution. The word "smog" was coined in the early 20th century, and is a contraction of the words smoke and fog to refer to smoky fog; its opacity, and odor. The word was then intended to refer to what was sometimes known as pea soup fog, a familiar and serious problem in London from the 19th century to the mid-20th century. This kind of visible air pollution is composed of nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides, ozone, smoke and other particulates. Man-made smog is derived from coal combustion emissions, vehicular emissions, industrial emissions, forest and agricultural fires and photochemical reactions of these emissions.
  Smog is often categorized as being either summer smog or winter smog. Summer smog is primarily associated with the photochemical formation of ozone. During the summer season when the temperatures are warmer and there is more sunlight present, photochemical smog is the dominant type of smog formation. During the winter months when the temperatures are colder, and atmospheric inversions are common, there is an increase in coal and other fossil fuel usage to heat homes and buildings.
context_section_description: Other areas of the United Kingdom were affected by smog, especially heavily industrialised areas.
  The cities of Glasgow and Edinburgh, in Scotland, suffered smoke-laden fogs in 1909. Des Voeux, commonly credited with creating the "smog" moniker, presented a paper in 1911 to the Manchester Conference of the Smoke Abatement League of Great Britain about the fogs and resulting deaths.
  One Birmingham resident described near black-out conditions in the 1900s before the Clean Air Act, with visibility so poor that cyclists had to dismount and walk in order to stay on the road.
  On 29 April 2015, the UK Supreme Court ruled that the government must take immediate action to cut air pollution, following a case brought by environmental lawyers at ClientEarth.
caption: Grease filter hood after 4 days at Italian city polluted air in winter (all surface was white)
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