page_title: List of Spaniards
section_title: Philosophers and humanists
hierarchical_section_title: List of Spaniards / Philosophers and humanists
caption_attribution_description: Ortega y Gasset en una fotografía tomada en Aspen (Estados Unidos) en 1948.
context_page_description: This is a list, in alphabetical order within categories, of notable hispanic people of Spanish heritage and descent born and raised in Spain, or of direct Spanish descent.
  Note: The same person may appear under several headings.
context_section_description: Alfonso X of Castile (1221–1284), "El Sabio" ("The Wise")
  Francisco de Enzinas (1518–1552), humanist and translator of the New Testament
  Francisco Giner de los Ríos (1839–1915), philosopher, educator and one of the most influential Spanish intellectuals at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century.
  Baltasar Gracián (1601–1658), author of El Criticón, influenced European philosophers such as Schopenhauer
  Bartolomé de Las Casas (1484–1566), humanist, advocate of the rights of Native Americans
  Salvador de Madariaga (1886–1978), humanist, co-founder of the College of Europe (1949)
  Gregorio Marañón (1887–1960), humanist and medical scientist, important intellectual of the 20th century in Spain
  Marcelino Menéndez Pelayo (1856–1912), philologist, historian and erudite
  Julián Marías (1914–2005), philosopher; wrote the History of Philosophy
  Ramón Menéndez Pidal (1869–1968), philologist, historian and erudite member of Generation of '98
  Antonio de Nebrija (1441–1522), scholar, published the first grammar of the Spanish language (Gramática Castellana, 1492), which was the first grammar produced of any Romance language
  José Ortega y Gasset (1883–1955), philosopher, social and political thinker, author of The Revolt of the Masses (1930)
  Bernardino de Sahagún (1499–1590), Franciscan missionary, researched Nahua culture and Nahuatl language and compiled an unparalleled work in Spanish and Náhuatl
  George Santayana (1863–1952), philosopher, taught at Harvard, author of The Sense of Beauty (1896) and The Life of Reason (1905–6)
  Fernando Savater (born 1947), philosopher and essayist, known for his writings on ethics
  Francisco Suárez (1548–1617), one of the most influential scholastics after Thomas Aquinas
  Miguel de Unamuno (1864–1936), existentialist writer and literary theoretician
  Juan Luis Vives (1492–1540), prominent figure of Renaissance humanism, taught at Leuven and Oxford (while tutor to Mary Tudor)
  Xavier Zubiri (1889–1983), philosopher, critic of classical metaphysics
caption: José Ortega y Gasset
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