page_title: TOS-1
section_title: Combat history
hierarchical_section_title: TOS-1 / Combat history
caption_attribution_description: Русский: Стрельбы тяжелой огнеметной роты ТОС-1А (Heavy flamethrower system TOS-1A firing)
context_page_description: TOS-1 is a Soviet 220mm 30-barrel or 24-barrel multiple rocket launcher and thermobaric weapon mounted on a T-72 tank chassis. TOS-1 was designed for defeating enemy personnel in fortifications, in open country, and in lightly armoured vehicles and transport. First combat tests took place in 1988–1989 in the Panjshir Valley during the Soviet–Afghan War. The TOS-1 was shown for the first time in public in 1999 in Omsk.
  TOS-1 is not assigned to the artillery units of the Russian Armed Forces but is found in Russian NBC Protection Troops. That is why it does not have a GRAU index, but rather an RKhBZ index—МO.1.01.00.
context_section_description: TOS-1s were first used in combat in Afghanistan's Panjshir valley by the Soviet Union during the Soviet–Afghan War. Later, they were used during the Second Chechen War, prominently by the Russian Army during the Battle of Grozny in 1999.
  TOS-1As were first used in combat in Iraq by the Iraqi Army in the recapture of Jurf Al Sakhar on October 24, 2014 from ISIL forces. The Iraqi Army launched at least three TOS-1 rockets on 18 June 2017 during the first day of an offensive to recapture the Old City of Mosul, Iraq, from the Islamic State, targeting school buildings held by Islamic State forces and known to be devoid of civilians.
  The OSCE reported in September 2015 that the TOS-1 was sighted in a rebel training area in eastern Ukraine.
  The TOS-1 was used in Syria on October 10, 2015 by Syrian Army forces against rebel forces in Hama.
  In 2016 it was used against rebel forces in the Latakia mountains. It was used again by the Syrian Army in April 2017 in the area of Palmyra, and later in the same month to destroy an ISIS camp. In November 2018, the system was deployed by the SAA against ISIS in Al-Safa region.
  Azerbaijan used the TOS-1A against the Nagorno-Karabakh Defense Army on April 4, 2016.
caption: Heavy flamethrower system TOS-1A in action
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