page_title: Jonglei State
section_title: Geography
hierarchical_section_title: Jonglei State / Geography
caption_attribution_description: The White Nile and the city of Bor located off the east bank of the river — South Sudan. The photography is taken from East loking westward, Bor appears as a light triangle at the very bottom of the photography. In Jonglei state, in the Greater Upper Nile region of northeastern South Sudan.
context_page_description: Jonglei is a state of South Sudan. On 2 October 2015 the President Salva Kiir Mayardit decreed the creation of a new Jonglei State along with 27 other states replacing 10 previous states. The earlier Jonglei state comprised three counties of Bor, Twic East and Duk and was the largest state by area before reorganisation, with approximately 122,581 km², as well as the most populous according to the controversial 2008 census conducted during present-day South Sudan's second period of autonomy. The boundaries of the state were again changed as a result of a peace agreement signed on 22 February 2020. Bor is the capital of the state.
  Jonglei seceded from Sudan as part of the Republic of South Sudan on 9 July 2011. In the 21st century, Jonglei has been marred by clashes between tribes of the region which the UN estimated in May 2012 had affected the lives of over 140,000 people, and has been heavily influenced by the broader South Sudanese conflict since December 2013.
context_section_description: Jonglei, which covers an area of 122,581 square kilometres (47,329 sq mi), forms the bulk of the eastern part of South Sudan covering most of the eastern centre. Located in the Greater Upper Nile region, it is bordered by Upper Nile State to the north, Unity State to the northwest and west, Lakes State to the southwest, Central Equatoria to the southwest, Eastern Equatoria to the south, and Ethiopia to the east.
  The principal town, Bor, lies in the southwestern corner of the state. Other towns include Akobo, Ayod, Fangak, Padak, Pibor, Pochalla and Waat. The principal rivers are the White Nile, which flows in the western part of the state, and the Pibor River, which flows in the central-east. The Pibor and its tributaries drain a watershed 10,000 km² (3,900 sq mi) in size. The river's mean annual discharge at its mouth is 98 m³/s (3,460 ft³/s). In the southern part of the state is the Kenamuke Swamp (Kobowen), a wetland which is part of the Boma National Park. In June 2007, Animal Geographic Magazine estimated that over 1.3 million animals lived in Boma National Park. It is "home to one of the largest migrations in the world with an estimated 800,000 white-eared kob antelope, 250,000 Mongalla gazelle and some 160,000 tiang moving across Jonglei State", according to the Wildlife Conservation Society.
caption: The White Nile near Bor
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