page_title: Mao Zedong
section_title: Writings and calligraphy
hierarchical_section_title: Mao Zedong / Writings and calligraphy
caption_attribution_description: 中文: 白帝城毛泽东手书李白诗铜匾 English: A bronze plaque of a Li Bai poem, with calligraphy by Mao Zedong. At Baidicheng.
context_page_description: Mao Zedong, also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who became the founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he ruled as the chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976. Ideologically a Marxist–Leninist, his theories, military strategies, and political policies are collectively known as Maoism.
  Mao was the son of a prosperous peasant in Shaoshan, Hunan. He had a Chinese nationalist and an anti-imperialist outlook early in his life, and was particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919. He later adopted Marxism–Leninism while working at Peking University, and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China, leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927. During the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang and the CPC, Mao helped to found the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, led the Jiangxi Soviet's radical land policies, and ultimately became head of the CPC during the Long March.
context_section_description: Mao was a prolific writer of political and philosophical literature. The main repository of his pre-1949 writings is the Selected Works of Mao Zedong, published in four volumes by the People's Publishing House since 1951. A fifth volume, which brought the timeline up to 1957, was briefly issued during the leadership of Hua Guofeng, but subsequently withdrawn from circulation for its perceived ideological errors. There has never been an official "Complete Works of Mao Zedong" collecting all his known publications.
  Mao is the attributed author of Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung, known in the West as the "Little Red Book" and in Cultural Revolution China as the "Red Treasure Book" (紅寶書): first published in January 1964, this is a collection of short extracts from his many speeches and articles (most found in the Selected Works), edited by Lin Biao and ordered topically.
  Mao wrote prolifically on political strategy, commentary, and philosophy both before and after he assumed power. The most influential of these include:
  Report on an Investigation of the Peasant Movement in Hunan (《湖南农民运动考察报告》); March 1927
  On Guerrilla Warfare (《游擊戰》); 1937
  On Practice (《實踐論》); 1937
  On Contradiction (《矛盾論》); 1937
  On Protracted War (《論持久戰》); 1938
  In Memory of Norman Bethune (《紀念白求恩》); 1939
  On New Democracy (《新民主主義論》); 1940
  Talks at the Yan'an Forum on Literature and Art (《在延安文藝座談會上的講話》); 1942
  Serve the People (《為人民服務》); 1944
  The Foolish Old Man Who Removed the Mountains (《愚公移山》); 1945
  On the Correct Handling of the Contradictions Among the People (《正確處理人民內部矛盾問題》); 1957
  Mao was also a skilled Chinese calligrapher with a highly personal style. In China, Mao was considered a master calligrapher during his lifetime. His calligraphy can be seen today throughout mainland China. His work gave rise to a new form of Chinese calligraphy called "Mao-style" or Maoti, which has gained increasing popularity since his death. There currently exist various competitions specialising in Mao-style calligraphy.
caption: Mao's calligraphy: a bronze plaque of a poem by Li Bai. (Chinese:白帝城毛澤東手書李白詩銅匾 )
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