page_title: East Village, Manhattan
section_title: Libraries
hierarchical_section_title: East Village, Manhattan / Education / Libraries
caption_attribution_description: The former Freie Bibliothek und Lesehalle (left; now the Ottendorfer Branch of the New York Public Library) and Deutsches Dispensary (right; now Stuyvesant Polyclinic Hospital) on Second Avenue between St. Marks Place (8th Street) and East 9th Street in the East Village, Manhattan, New York. Both were designed by William Schickel and built in 1883-1884, at a time when there were large numbers of German immigrants in the area. The Dispensary was part of the German Hospital, which later moved uptown and lost the "German" part of its name during World War I. (It became Lenox Hill Hospital.) Both buildings are NYC landmarks: the Library was designated in 1977, and the interior in 1981; the dispensary in 1976. {Sources: AIA Guide to NYC (4th ed.), Guide to NYC Landmarks (4th ed.))
context_page_description: The East Village is a neighborhood on the East Side of Lower Manhattan in New York City, United States. It is roughly defined as the area east of the Bowery and Third Avenue, between 14th Street on the north and Houston Street on the south. The East Village contains three subsections: Alphabet City, in reference to the single-letter-named avenues that are located to the east of First Avenue; Little Ukraine, near Second Avenue and 6th and 7th Streets; and Bowery, located around the street of the same name.
  Initially, what is now the East Village was occupied by the Lenape Native Americans, and was then divided into plantations by Dutch settlers. During the early 19th century, the East Village contained many of the city's most opulent estates. By the middle of the century, it grew to include a large immigrant population—including what was once referred to as Manhattan's Little Germany—and was considered part of the nearby Lower East Side. By the late 1960s, many artists, musicians, students and hippies began to move into the area, and East Village was given its own identity. Since at least the 2000s, gentrification has changed the character of the neighborhood.
context_section_description: The New York Public Library (NYPL) operates three branches near East Village.
  The Ottendorfer branch is located at 135 Second Avenue. The branch opened in 1884 based on a gift from Oswald Ottendorfer, who owned the New Yorker Staats-Zeitung. The Ottendorfer branch, designed in the Queen Anne and Renaissance Revival styles, is a New York City designated landmark.
  The Tompkins Square branch is located at 331 East 10th Street. The library opened in 1887 and moved three times before relocating to its current Carnegie library structure in 1904.
  The Hamilton Fish Park branch is located at 415 East Houston Street. It was originally built as a Carnegie library in 1909, but was torn down when Houston Street was expanded; the current one-story structure was completed in 1960.
caption: New York Public Library, Ottendorfer branch
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