page_title: Palestinian freedom of movement
section_title: Checkpoints
hierarchical_section_title: Palestinian freedom of movement / Restriction of movement in the West Bank / Checkpoints
caption_attribution_description: English: Israeli roadblock at entrance to Beit Ommar, West Bank. Español: Barrera israelí en la carretera de entrada a Beit Ommar, Cisjordania. Français&#160;: Barrière routière israelienne sur la route d'entrée à Beit Ommar, Cisjordanie.
context_page_description: The restriction of the movement of Palestinians in the Israeli-occupied territories by the Israeli government is an issue in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict. According to B'Tselem, following the 1967 war, the Occupied Territories were proclaimed closed military zones. In 1972, general exit orders were issued allowing residents of those territories to move freely between the West Bank, Israel and Gaza. Following the first Intifada by 1991, these general exit orders were revoked, and personal exit permits were required. According to B'Tselem, a measure of overall closure of the Occupied Territories was enacted for the first time in 1993, and would result in total closures following rises in Palestinian political violence.
  In the mid-1990s, with the implementation of the Oslo Accords and the division of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip into three separate administrative divisions, there was little change to these restrictions. Comprehensive closures following the outbreak of Second Intifada resulted in a few months of almost complete prohibitions on Palestinian movement into Israel and between the West Bank and Gaza Strip.
context_section_description: According to B'Tselem, there were 99 fixed checkpoints in the West Bank in September 2013, in addition to 174 surprise flying checkpoints. In August 2013, 288 flying checkpoints were counted. At the close of 2012, OCHA counted on average approximately 532 physical obstructions a month, including roadblocks, earthmounds, earth walls, road gates, road barriers, and trenches.
caption: Roadblock at Beit Ummar, 2010
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