page_title: Patroclus
section_title: Trojan War
hierarchical_section_title: Patroclus / Mythology / Trojan War
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Achilleus verbindet den von einem Pfeil getroffenen Patroklos. Innerseite eines attischen rotfigurigen Kylix, um 500 v. Chr. Aus Vulci. English: Achilles tending Patroclus wounded by an arrow, identified by inscriptions on the upper part of the vase. Tondo of an Attic red-figure kylix, ca. 500 BC. From Vulci. Français&#160;: Achille pansant Patrocle atteint par une flèche, identifiés par des inscriptions sur la partie supérieure du vase. Médaillon d'un kylix attique à figures rouges, v. 500 av. J.-C. Provenance&#160;: Vulci. La moitié gauche de la scène est occupée par Patrocle, assis face aux spectateurs mais détournant la tête vers la gauche, la tête baissée, la jambe droite repliée devant lui, l'autre étendue vers la droite derrière Achille. Achille occupe la moitié droite de la scène&#160;: il est accroupi tourné vers Patrocle, le genou gauche posé à terre. Patrocle tend son bras gauche, blessé, à Achille qui est occupé à lui nouer un bandage blanc avec les deux mains. Patrocle, de la main droite, soutient son bras blessé. Les deux guerriers sont vêtus de cuirasses de mailles fines et de pagnes courts. La seule arme visible est le carquois que Patrocle porte dans le dos et qui dépasse par-dessus son épaule gauche. Achille porte un casque à panache&#160;; il est imberbe. Patrocle porte une courte barbe. Le sexe de Patrocle, au repos, dépasse de sous sa tunique relevée. Les deux guerriers se tiennent sur un sol renflé par une élévation arrondie. Sur la gauche, devant Patrocle, une flèche est plantée dans le sol en biais, certainement la flèche qui a blessé Patrocle et qu'Achille a retirée. Sous le sol, le demi-cercle restant entre la ligne horizontale du sol et la courbe du bord de la coupe est rempli par un motif végétal stylisé.
context_page_description: In Greek mythology, as recorded in Homer's Iliad, Patroclus was a close wartime companion of Achilles. He was the son of Menoetius, the son of Actor, King of Opus.
context_section_description: According to the Iliad, when the tide of the Trojan War had turned against the Greeks and the Trojans were threatening their ships, Patroclus convinced Achilles to let him lead the Myrmidons into combat. Achilles consented, giving Patroclus the armor Achilles had received from his father, in order for Patroclus to impersonate Achilles. Achilles then told Patroclus to return after beating the Trojans back from their ships. Patroclus defied Achilles' order and pursued the Trojans back to the gates of Troy. Patroclus killed many Trojans and Trojan allies, including a son of Zeus, Sarpedon. While fighting, Patroclus' wits were removed by Apollo, after which Patroclus was hit with the spear of Euphorbos. Hector then killed Patroclus by stabbing him in the stomach with a spear.
  Achilles retrieved his body, which had been stripped of armor by Hector and protected on the battlefield by Menelaus and Ajax. Achilles did not allow the burial of Patroclus' body until the ghost of Patroclus appeared and demanded his burial in order to pass into Hades. Patroclus was then cremated on a funeral pyre, which was covered in the hair of his sorrowful companions. As the cutting of hair was a sign of grief while also acting as a sign of the separation of the living and the dead, this points to how well-liked Patroclus had been. The ashes of Achilles were said to have been buried in a golden urn along with those of Patroclus by the Hellespont.
caption: A cup depicting Achilles bandaging Patroclus' arm, by the Sosias Painter.
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