page_title: Symphony No. 93 (Haydn)
section_title: First movement
hierarchical_section_title: Symphony No. 93 (Haydn) / Movements / First movement
caption_attribution_description: English: Principal theme, first movement, Haydn's Symphony No. 93
context_page_description: Symphony No. 93 in D major, Hoboken I/93, one of the twelve London symphonies written by Joseph Haydn.
  It was completed in 1791 as one of the set of symphonies completed for his first trip to London. It was first performed at the Hanover Square Rooms in London on 17 February 1792.
context_section_description: The first movement is in sonata form: after an introduction follows an exposition that ends with a repeat sign, a development, a recapitulation and a coda.
  The introduction is twenty measures long and marked "Adagio". It opens with the orchestra playing the tonic note, D, in unison, avoiding the establishment of the home key of D major with root-position harmony. The introduction then proceeds on an harmonic excursion, through the dominant (A major), a Neapolitan chord (E♭ major, built on G), a diminished seventh, the parallel minor (D minor), and the subdominant minor (G minor), before concluding with a dominant seventh chord.
  After the dominant seventh chord, the main body of the movement, marked "Allegro", commences with the statement of the principal theme. The exposition then continues with a transitional passage before a secondary theme in the dominant, A major. The American musicologist A. Peter Brown compared the secondary theme to a Ländler.
  The development involves significant re-working of a motif from the secondary theme. The motif is inverted, and passed through a series of remote keys. Unusually for a late Haydn work, the recapitulation involves few surprises. It reprises the principal and secondary themes in the tonic before a short coda.
caption: The principal theme of the first movement. The theme enters in the 21st measure of the movement, after an Adagio introduction.
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