page_title: Rock analogs for structural geology
section_title: Composite Model Materials
hierarchical_section_title: Rock analogs for structural geology / Materials used to simulate deformation of the middle crust / Composite Model Materials
caption_attribution_description: English: These are polyurethane discs, the left side is what they look like under normal light and the right side is what it looks like with a polarizer above them.
context_page_description: This is a compilation of the properties of different analog materials used to simulate deformational processes in structural geology. Such experiments are often called analog or analogue models. The organization of this page follows the review of rock analog materials in structural geology and tectonics of Reber et al. 2020.
context_section_description: Composite materials combine phases with different physical properties. A common composite mixture contains dry granular materials and fluids. These analog materials have been used:  
  Sediment transport (Parker et al., 1982) using low viscosity fluids
  Dynamics in the middle crust (Mookerjee et al., 2017; Reber et al., 2014) employing high viscosity fluids
  Stick-slip dynamics (Higashi and Sumita, 2009; Reber et al., 2014)
  Strain softening and hardening processes (Panien et al., 2006)
  The most commonly used granular materials in composite mixtures are:  
  Sand
  Glass beads
  Acrylic discs
  Common fluids used in composite mixtures are:  
  Carbopol
  Silicone
  Wax, which can behave as a brittle or viscous material depending on the melting temperature (Mookerjee et al., 2017)
caption: The material photographed above is polyurethane discs. The left side of image shows the discs under normal light. The right side of the image what can be observed when a polarizer is placed above the discs.
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