page_title: Treaty of London (1700)
section_title: Provisions
hierarchical_section_title: Treaty of London (1700) / Provisions
context_page_description: The Treaty of London (1700) or Second Partition Treaty was the second of two attempts by France, Great Britain and the United Provinces, or Dutch Republic, to impose a diplomatic solution to the issues that resulted in the 1701-1714 War of the Spanish Succession.
  The Treaty of The Hague, or First Partition Treaty, made Joseph Ferdinand heir to the Spanish throne but became redundant when he died of smallpox in February 1699. The Treaty of London replaced him with Archduke Charles, the younger son of Emperor Leopold I, but ultimately failed to prevent the outbreak of war in 1701.
context_section_description: The main change from the First Treaty was to replace Joseph Ferdinand with Archduke Charles heir to the Spanish throne, retaining Spain, its overseas Empire and the Spanish Netherlands. France received Naples, Sicily and the Spanish province of Gipuzkoa as well as the Duchy of Milan, which it would exchange for the Duchy of Lorraine. France would also transfer Naples and Sicily to Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy in exchange for the Counties of Nice and Savoy.
  While Leopold now accepted the principle of dividing the Spanish Empire, he objected to France being granted Spanish possessions in Italy, particularly Milan, which was considered essential to the security of Austria's southern borders. In addition, Lorraine was an imperial state occupied by France in 1670 and only returned in 1697, whose recently restored hereditary Duke of Lorraine was Leopold's nephew. Therefore, neither Leopold or Victor Amadeus had agreed the territorial exchanges required by the treaty, and Spain would not even accept the principle.
caption: de Torcy, architect of the Treaty and Louis' Foreign Minister
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