page_title: 9×19mm Parabellum
section_title: SESAMS
hierarchical_section_title: 9×19mm Parabellum / Improvements and variations / SESAMS
caption_attribution_description: English: Description of taken from caption in article at http://www.andersen.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123109380 entitled "Commando Warrior adds realistic combat training with simunitions" by Senior Master Sgt. Steven Bliss 736th Security Forces Squadron M-9 Simunition configured training weapons and colored FX rounds were used during the Commando Warrior simunitions training course at Andersen Air Force Base, Guam July 30. The five day course was hosted by the 736th Security Forces Squadron and was attended by Security Forces Airmen across the Pacific Air Forces. (U.S. Air Force photo by Airman 1st Class Nichelle Griffiths)
context_page_description: The 9×19mm Parabellum is a firearms cartridge that was designed by Georg Luger and introduced in 1902 by the German weapons manufacturer Deutsche Waffen- und Munitionsfabriken for its Luger semi-automatic pistol. For this reason, it is designated as the 9mm Luger by the Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute, and the 9 mm Luger by the Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives. The name Parabellum is derived from the Latin motto of DWM, Si vis pacem, para bellum.
  Under STANAG 4090, it is a standard cartridge for NATO forces as well as many non-NATO countries.
  According to the 2014 edition of Cartridges of the World, the 9×19mm Parabellum is "the world's most popular and widely used military handgun and submachine gun cartridge." In 2007, Newsweek claimed that "about 60 percent of the firearms in use by police are 9mms" and credited 9×19mm Parabellum pistol sales with making semiautomatic pistols more popular than revolvers. The popularity of this cartridge can be attributed to the widely held conviction that it is effective in police and self-defense use.
context_section_description: The United States Military uses red and blue marking rounds in the 9mm caliber known as Special Effects Small Arms Marking Systems (SESAMS). Commonly used for training simulations, these rounds are comparable in function to the paintballs used in paintball markers, except they are fired with a powder charge, and can be shot in Beretta M9 service pistols with only a barrel modification (The Glock 19 pistol, common among police departments, has a similar available modification). The 9mm SESAMS rounds are fired from specially modified pistols, as well as M16 and M4 rifles, which are incapable of chambering standard live ammunition.
  SESAMS weapons or components are normally painted blue or otherwise clearly marked, to denote their inert status and avoid a potentially catastrophic mixup with live-fire weapons. This allows the armed forces to train with nearly identical equipment as used in real-life situations. The brand name for this ammunition, which is sold commercially and to law enforcement, is Simunition.
caption: A box of 9mm FX blue marking (DODIC AA21) cartridges with a modified Beretta M9 pistol
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