page_title: Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy
section_title: Foreign Policy
hierarchical_section_title: Margaret of Austria, Duchess of Savoy / Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands / Foreign Policy
context_page_description: Archduchess Margaret of Austria, Suo jure
  Countess of Artois, was Governor of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1507 to 1515 and again from 1519 to 1530. She was the first of many female regents in the Netherlands.
  A central political figure of the early 16th century, Margaret was one of the greatest government administrators, political negotiators, and patrons of her time. She helped Emperor Charles V overcome his uncertain steps at the beginning of his reign and became an invaluable asset to his rule until her death.
context_section_description: Margaret soon found herself at war with France over the question of Charles's requirement to pay homage to the French king for Flanders as Duke of Burgundy. To preserve the Low Countries for her nephew, she persuaded Emperor Maximilian to make peace with King Louis XII. She journeyed to Cambrai in November 1508 to form the League of Cambrai, which largely removed the French threat to the Low Countries.
  To curb Croy's pro-French influence over Charles, Margaret persuaded her father to join a papal alliance with Spain and England against France in 1513, although she maintained the Low Countries in neutrality. They created a council containing representatives of Emperor Maximilian, King Ferdinand, and King Henry VIII. 
  Given her father's poor health, Margaret and Charles began to negotiate the latter's election as Holy Roman Emperor despite the papacy and French strongly opposed to this. Thinking first of the dynasty, the Governess suggested supporting instead her younger nephew Ferdinand, but Charles refused to withdraw. Using a combination of diplomacy and bribery, she played a crucial role in the election of Charles as Holy Roman Emperor in 1519.
  Journeying to Cambrai again in 1529, Margaret reunited with Louise of Savoy, his sister-in-law and mother of Francis I. They negotiated the end to a war that France could no longer sustain. 
  The Treaty of Cambrai, the so-called Ladies' Peace, favored the dynastic interests of Charles: Besides withdrawing French forces from Italy, Francis renounced his claims to Flanders, Artois and Tournai.
caption: Louise of Savoy, whom Margaret negotiated the terms of the Treaty of Cambrai with.
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