page_title: World Trade Center station (PATH)
section_title: Hudson Terminal
hierarchical_section_title: World Trade Center station (PATH) / Hudson Terminal
caption_attribution_description: English: Singer, City Investing &amp; Hudson Terminal Buildings, New York City (1909).
context_page_description: World Trade Center is a terminal station on the PATH system, within the World Trade Center complex in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York City. It is served by the Newark–World Trade Center line on weekdays and holiday weekends, as well as by the Hoboken–World Trade Center line on weekdays, and is the eastern terminus of both.
  The World Trade Center station is located near the site of the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad's Hudson Terminal, which opened on July 19, 1909. In 1961, the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey bought the bankrupt H&M system, rebranded it as PATH, and redeveloped Hudson Terminal as part of the World Trade Center. As part of the construction of the World Trade Center, Hudson Terminal was torn down, replaced with the World Trade Center station, and re-opened on July 6, 1971. Following the September 11, 2001 attacks, a temporary station opened in 2003 while the World Trade Center complex was being rebuilt. Work on a permanent station building commenced in 2008. The main station house, the Oculus, opened on March 3, 2016, and the terminal was renamed the World Trade Center Transportation Hub, or "World Trade Center" for short.
context_section_description: Hudson Terminal was built by the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad at the beginning of the twentieth century and was located between Greenwich, Cortlandt, Church, and Fulton Streets. The Hudson Terminal included two 22-story office buildings located above the station.
  The terminal was designed with ramps to allow pedestrian traffic to flow in and out of the station quickly and easily. The station was served by two single-track tubes connected by a loop to speed train movements. The loop included five tracks and 3 platforms (2 center island and one side) and was somewhat similar to the current arrangement. By 1914, passenger volume at the Hudson Terminal had reached 30,535,500 annually. Volume nearly doubled by 1922, with 59,221,354 passengers that year.
  Overall ridership on the Hudson and Manhattan Railroad declined substantially from a high of 113 million riders in 1927 to 26 million in 1958, after new automobile tunnels and bridges opened across the Hudson River. The H&M went bankrupt in 1954. The State of New Jersey was interested in getting the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey to take over the railroad, but the Port Authority long viewed it as something unprofitable and had no interest in doing so.
  Then, in the late 1950s, the Port Authority proposed to build a "world trade center" in Lower Manhattan along the East River. Since the Port Authority was a bi-state agency covering both New Jersey and New York, its projects required approval from both states. Toward the end of 1961, negotiations with outgoing New Jersey Governor Robert B. Meyner stalled, precluding the Port Authority from starting construction on the World Trade Center. In December 1961, Port Authority executive director Austin J. Tobin met with newly elected New Jersey Governor Richard J. Hughes, and made a proposal to shift the World Trade Center project to the west side, where the Hudson Terminal was located. In exchange, the Port Authority would take  control of the H&M.
  In acquiring the H&M Railroad, the Port Authority also acquired the Hudson Terminal and other buildings which were deemed obsolete. On January 22, 1962, the two states reached an agreement to allow the Port Authority to take over the railroad and build the World Trade Center on Manhattan's lower west side. As part of the terms of the agreement, the H&M railroad was renamed Port Authority Trans-Hudson, or PATH for short.
caption: Hudson Terminal (right) and the Singer Building (left) in 1909
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