page_title: Parahupehsuchus
section_title: Description
hierarchical_section_title: Parahupehsuchus / Description
caption_attribution_description: Anterior dorsal region of Parahupehsuchus longus (WGSC 26005). Bone identifications: arf, anterior rib facet extending from the parapophysis; da, dermal armor; dia, diapophysis of the neural arch; f, forelimb; lg, lateral gastralia; mg, median gastralia; ns1, first segment of neural spine; ns2, second segment of neural spine; para, the main facet of parapophysis; ri, rib. Scale is 1 cm. Note that ribs and gastralia overlap in a complex manner and the double rib articulation prevents rib motion.
context_page_description: Parahupehsuchus is an extinct genus of hupehsuchian marine reptiles from the Early Triassic of China. The genus is monotypic, known from the single species Parahupehsuchus longus and based on a single specimen. Like other hupehsuchians, it possesses a suite of features not seen in any other group of reptiles, including an elongated torso, a tail nearly as long as the rest of the body, short and paddle-like limbs, extra bones in the fore- and hind limbs, thick ribs and gastralia, neural spines of the vertebrae split into two parts, and bony plates over the neural spines. It differs from other hupehsuchians in having an even more elongated body and wider ribs that touch along their edges and have no spaces between them. The ribs connect with gastralia on the underside of the torso to form a bony "tube" around the body wall.
context_section_description: Parahupehsuchus longus is known from a single type specimen, WGSC 26005, found in an outcrop of the Early Triassic (Olenekian) Jialingjiang Formation in Yuan'an County, Hubei Province, China, in 2011. WGSC 26005 consists of a mostly complete left half of a skeleton lacking the skull and most of the tail. The torso of Parahupehsuchus is very elongated; it has 38 dorsal vertebrae, 10 more than in Hupehsuchus and the unnamed hupehsuchian IVPP V4070. The rib cage of Parahupehsuchus is narrow and tube-shaped, unlike the barrel-shaped rib cage of Hupehsuchus.
  The ribs of Parahupehsuchus are unlike those of any other hupehsuchian. They are wide and flat, touching edge-to-edge to form a bony tube across the torso. Rows of gastralia on the underside of the torso form a bottom wall enclosing this tube. Each rib articulates with two dorsal vertebrae, wedged between the diapophysis and parapophysis of the vertebra in front of it and an anterior rib facet extending from the parapophysis of the vertebra behind it. Each rib sweeps backward from its connection with the vertebrae. The gastralia, which overlap the bottom ends of the ribs, sweep forward.
caption: Diagram showing the armor and torso
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