page_title: Vietnamese name
section_title: Family name
hierarchical_section_title: Vietnamese name / Family name
caption_attribution_description: Here are the common Vietnamese surnames of Vietnam.
context_page_description: Vietnamese personal names generally consist of three parts: one patrilineal family name, one or more middle name, and one given name, used in that order. The "family name first" order follows the system of Chinese names and is common throughout the Chinese cultural sphere. However, it is different from Chinese, Korean, and Japanese names in the usage of "middle names," as they are less common in China and Korea and do not exist in Japan. Persons can be referred to by the whole name, the given name or a hierarchic pronoun, which usually connotes a degree of family relationship or kinship, in normal usage.
  Due to the high repetition of same family names, persons are often referred to by their middle name along with their given name in Vietnamese media and youth culture. For example, 'Nguyễn Gia Tùng' would be referred to as 'Gia Tùng'. Additionally, although some people may possess a surname that seems Vietnamese, it may be purely coincidental, as is the case with people with Teochew background or otherwise.
  The Vietnamese language is tonal, and so are Vietnamese names.
context_section_description: The family name is positioned first and is passed on by the father to his children. It is estimated that there are around 100 family names in common use, but some are far more common than others. The name Nguyễn is estimated to be used by almost 40% of the Vietnamese population.  The top three names are so popular because people tended to take family names of emperors to show their loyalty. Over many generations, family names became permanent.
  The most common family names among the Vietnamese are the following (the Chinese characters following each name are Hán tự). Altogether, the 14 names account for 90% of the people.
  Nguyễn  (39%)
  Trần  (11%)
  Lê  (9.5%)
  Phạm  (7.1%)
  Huỳnh/Hoàng  (5.1%)
  Phan  (4.5%)
  Vũ/Võ  (3.9%)
  Đặng (2.1%)
  Bùi  (2%)
  Đỗ  (1.4%)
  Hồ  (1.3%)
  Ngô  (1.3%)
  Dương  (1%)
  Lý  (0.5%)
  The following list includes less-common surnames in alphabetical order which make up the rest of the 10%:
  An:
  Ân: 殷
  Bạch: 白
  Bành: 彭
  Bao: 包
  Biên: 邊
  Biện: 卞
  Cam: 甘
  Cảnh: 耿
  Cảnh: 景
  Cao: 高
  Cái: 蓋
  Cát: 葛
  Chân: 甄
  Châu: 周
  Chiêm: 詹
  Chu: 朱
  Chung: 鍾
  Chử: 褚
  Cổ: 古
  Cù: 瞿
  Cung: 宮
  Cung: 龔
  Củng: 鞏
  Cừu: 裘
  Dịch: 易
  Diệp: 葉
  Đinh: 丁
  Doãn: 尹
  Dũ: 俞
  Dung: 容
  Dư: 余
  Dữu: 庾
  Đái: 戴
  Đàm: 譚
  Đào: 陶
  Đậu: 竇
  Điền: 田
  Đoàn: 段
  Đồ: 涂
  Đồng: 童
  Đổng: 董
  Đường: 唐
  Giả: 賈
  Giải: 解
  Gia Cát :諸葛
  Giản: 簡
  Giang: 江
  Giáp: 郟
  Hà: 何
  Hạ: 賀
  Hậ: 夏
  Hác: 郝
  Hàn: 韓
  Hầu: 侯
  Hình: 邢
  Hoa: 花
  Hoắc: 霍
  Hoạn: 宦
  Hồng: 洪
  Hứa: 許
  Hướng: 向
  Hy: 郗
  Kha: 柯
  Khâu: 邱
  Khuất: 屈
  Kiều: 喬
  Kim: 金
  Kỳ: 祁
  Kỷ: 紀
  La: 羅
  Lạc: 駱
  Lai: 賴
  Lam: 藍
  Lăng: 凌
  Lãnh: 冷
  Lâm: 林
  Lận: 藺
  Lệ: 酈
  Liên: 連
  Liêu: 廖
  Liễu (in northern or central regions): 柳
  Long: 龍
  Lôi: 雷
  Lục: 陸
  Lư: 盧
  Lữ: 呂
  Lương: 梁
  Lưu (in central or southern regions): 劉
  Mã: 馬
  Mạc: 莫
  Mạch: 麥
  Mai: 梅
  Mạnh: 孟
  Mao: 毛
  Mẫn: 閔
  Miêu: 苗
  Minh: 明
  Mông: 蒙
  Ngân: 鄞
  Nghê: 倪
  Nghiêm: 嚴
  Ngư: 魚
  Ngưu: 牛
  Nhạc: 岳
  Nhan: 顔
  Nhâm: 任
  Nhiếp: 聶
  Nhiều: 饒
  Nhung: 戎
  Ninh: 寧 & 甯
  Nông: 農
  Ôn: 溫
  Ổn: 鄔
  Ông: 翁
  Phí: 費
  Phó: 傅
  Phong: 酆
  Phòng: 房
  Phù: 符
  Phùng: 馮
  Phương: 方
  Quách: 郭
  Quan: 關
  Quản: 管
  Quang: 光
  Quảng: 鄺
  Quế: 桂
  Quyền: 權
  Sài: 柴
  Sầm: 岑
  Sử: 史
  Tạ: 謝
  Tào: 曹
  Tăng: 曾
  Tân: 辛
  Tần: 秦
  Tất: 畢
  Tề: 齊
  Thạch: 石
  Thai: 邰
  Thái: 蔡
  Thang: 湯
  Thành: 成
  Thảo: 草
  Thân: 申
  Thi: 施
  Thích: 戚
  Thiện: 單
  Thiệu: 邵
  Thôi: 崔
  Thủy: 水
  Thư: 舒
  Thường: 常
  Tiền: 錢
  Tiết: 薛
  Tiêu: 焦
  Tiêu: 蕭
  Tô: 蘇
  Tôn: 孫
  Tôn Thất:尊室
  Tông: 宗
  Tống: 宋
  Trác: 卓
  Trạch: 翟
  Trại: 賽
  Trang: 莊
  Trầm: 沈/瀋
  Trâu: 鄒
  Trì: 池
  Triệu: 趙
  Trịnh: 鄭 (almost exclusively a northern surname, based around Thanh Hóa)
  Trương: 張
  Từ: 徐
  Tư Mã: 司馬
  Tưởng: 蔣
  Úc: 郁
  Ứng: 應
  Vạn: 萬
  Văn: 文
  Vân: 雲
  Vi: 韋
  Vĩnh: 永
  Vũ: 巫
  Vũ Văn: 武文
  Vương: 王
  Vưu: 尤
  Xà: 佘
  Xầm: 諶 (almost exclusively a northern surname, based around Chen Long)
  Xế: 車
  Yên: 鄢
  In Vietnamese cultural practice, women always keep their family names once they marry, just as in other East Asian cultures, including Chinese culture to the north and the northeast.
  In formal contexts, people are referred to by their full name. In more casual contexts, people are always on a "first name basis", which involves their given names, accompanied by proper kinship terms. There is no such thing as a "last name basis", or family name basis, in Vietnam.
caption: Distribution of Vietnamese family names
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