page_title: Electrical engineering
section_title: Telecommunications
hierarchical_section_title: Electrical engineering / Subfields / Telecommunications
caption_attribution_description: Deutsch: Die größte Erdfunkstelle der Welt bei Raisting (in der Nähe des Ammersees) ist eine Bodenstation für die Kommunikation mit Nachrichtensatelliten und ist mit ihren großen Parabolantennen weithin sichtbar. English: The biggest facility for satellite communication in Raisting, Bavaria, Germany. Français&#160;: Le plus gros centre de communication satellitaire à Raisting, en Bavière (Allemagne).
context_page_description: Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design and application of equipment, devices and systems which use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after commercialization of the electric telegraph, the telephone, and electrical power generation, distribution and use.
  Electrical engineering is now divided into a wide range of fields, including computer engineering, systems engineering, power engineering, telecommunications, radio-frequency engineering, signal processing, instrumentation, and electronics. Many of these disciplines overlap with other engineering branches, spanning a huge number of specializations including hardware engineering, power electronics, electromagnetics and waves, microwave engineering, nanotechnology, electrochemistry, renewable energies, mechatronics, and electrical materials science.
  Electrical engineers typically hold a degree in electrical engineering or electronic engineering. Practising engineers may have professional certification and be members of a professional body or an international standards organization.
context_section_description: Telecommunications engineering focuses on the transmission of information across a communication channel such as a coax cable, optical fiber or free space. Transmissions across free space require information to be encoded in a carrier signal to shift the information to a carrier frequency suitable for transmission; this is known as modulation. Popular analog modulation techniques include amplitude modulation and frequency modulation. The choice of modulation affects the cost and performance of a system and these two factors must be balanced carefully by the engineer.
  Once the transmission characteristics of a system are determined, telecommunication engineers design the transmitters and receivers needed for such systems. These two are sometimes combined to form a two-way communication device known as a transceiver. A key consideration in the design of transmitters is their power consumption as this is closely related to their signal strength. Typically, if the power of the transmitted signal is insufficient once the signal arrives at the receiver's antenna(s), the information contained in the signal will be corrupted by noise.
caption: Satellite dishes are a crucial component in the analysis of satellite information.
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